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VanderWeele TJ, Case BW, Chen Y, Cowden RG, Johnson B, Lee MT, Lomas T, Long KG. Flourishing in critical dialogue. SSM - MENTAL HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmmh.2022.100172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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2
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Greenman SJ, Snyder S, Bosley S, Chenoweth D. County trajectories of pyramid scheme victimization. CRIME, LAW, AND SOCIAL CHANGE 2022; 79:291-317. [PMID: 36106182 PMCID: PMC9461426 DOI: 10.1007/s10611-022-10050-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Community-level vulnerability to pyramid scheme fraud may be affected by place-based sources of strain and opportunity. Using national victim data from a pyramid scheme fraud case from 2000-2013, this research explores pyramid scheme adoption with group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM). GBTM is used to look for distinct trajectories of pyramid scheme join rates and to explore the effect of strain, as measured by a county's Social Vulnerability Index and unemployment rate, and opportunity or protection, as measured by a series of social capital variables, on the group trajectories. Findings suggest that county-level strain, including the county's Social Vulnerability Index and unemployment rate are related to pyramid scheme victimization, especially early adoption. We also find that social capital variables - which can, in theory, reduce strain or increase opportunity - have a nuanced relationship with fraud victimization. While our findings are drawn from a single pyramid scheme, they point to the potential to analyze case data to inform preventative and monitoring strategies appropriate to local-level characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Greenman
- Criminal Justice and Forensic Science, Hamline University, Saint Paul, MN USA
- Economics and Business Analytics, Hamline University, St. Paul, MN USA
| | | | | | - Dalton Chenoweth
- Economics, Hamline University, Saint Paul, MN USA
- Hamline University, Saint Paul, MN USA
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Gooden AS, McMahon SD, Li Y. Gang-Related Attitudes and Affiliations Among African American Youth: An Ecological Model. VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS 2019; 34:717-730. [PMID: 31416975 DOI: 10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-17-00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An array of individual and ecological factors promotes and detracts from gang involvement. Using a transactional-ecological framework, we test a theoretical model in which ecological and individual factors influence gang-related attitudes and affiliations. African American adolescents (N = 174), in 5th-8th grades, from two schools in a disadvantaged community, participated. Path analysis demonstrated the proposed model produced good fit with the data. Significant pathways suggest poverty is associated with less parental support, exposure to violence is associated with more gang-related attitudes and affiliations, and religiosity is associated with fewer gang-related attitudes and affiliations. These findings illustrate the importance of models including ecological and individual factors related to gang involvement and suggest ways to reduce societal problems associated with gangs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yan Li
- DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois
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Clements AD, Cyphers NA. Prenatal substance use: Religious women report lower use rates, but do they use less? J Prev Interv Community 2019; 48:47-63. [DOI: 10.1080/10852352.2019.1617522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea D. Clements
- Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Natalie A. Cyphers
- Department of Nursing and Health, 2755 Station Avenue, DeSales University, Center Valley PA, USA
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Crank BR, Teasdale B. “Create in Me a Clean Heart”: The Role of Spirituality in Desistance From Substance Use. JOURNAL OF DRUG ISSUES 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0022042618823006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although the impact of religion on behavior is robust and well-examined in many areas, the role spirituality plays in changes in drug use over time has received relatively little attention. Using a life-course theoretical framework, this relationship is examined through growth curve modeling techniques. Specifically, multilevel analyses are estimated testing within-person relationships between substance use desistance and spirituality. The Pathways to Desistance longitudinal data are analyzed and leading criminological predictors are included, to determine if spirituality has a unique impact on substance use net of these criminological factors, and if these impacts vary across gender. Results from these analyses suggest that the impact of spirituality on desistance varies by gender, with spirituality significantly increasing the odds of desistance from marijuana use for females, but not males.
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Anderson NA, Bohnert AM, Governale A. Organized Activity Involvement among Urban Youth: Understanding Family- and Neighborhood- Level Characteristics as Predictors of Involvement. J Youth Adolesc 2018; 47:1697-1711. [PMID: 29470760 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-018-0823-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Research examining factors that predict youth's involvement in organized activities is very limited, despite associations with positive outcomes. Using data from 1043 youth (49% female; 46.4% Hispanic, 35.4% African American, 14.0% Caucasian, and 4.2% other) from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods, this study examined how characteristics of parents (supervision, warmth) and neighborhoods (perceived neighborhood safety and collective efficacy) predict patterns of adolescents' involvement in organized activities concurrently (i.e., intensity) and longitudinally (i.e., type and breadth). Parental supervision predicted adolescents' participation in organized activities across multiple waves. Neighborhood violence was positively associated with concurrent participation in organized activities after controlling for socioeconomic status (SES), whereas higher neighborhood collective efficacy predicted greater breadth in organized activity participation across time. These findings have important implications regarding how to attract and sustain organized activity participation for low-income, urban youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Anderson
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Amy M Bohnert
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amy Governale
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Hope MO, Assari S, Cole-Lewis YC, Caldwell CH. Religious Social Support, Discrimination, and Psychiatric Disorders among Black Adolescents. RACE AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS 2017; 9:102-114. [PMID: 32089748 PMCID: PMC7034935 DOI: 10.1007/s12552-016-9192-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Discrimination is a common experience for Black youth that can jeopardize their mental health. However, research suggests that various dimensions of religion have positive effects on youths' mental health and well-being. Additionally, exposure to discrimination may vary by youths' socio-demographic factors, such as gender and ethnicity. Numerous studies identify the protective effects of emotional and tangible religious social support on the mental health of Black adults reporting discrimination. Conversely, fewer studies address the influence of emotional and tangible religious social support on mental health for Black adolescents experiencing discrimination, while also accounting for socio-demographic heterogeneity among Black adolescents. Historically, religion has played an instrumental role in the diverse narratives of the Black Diaspora in the United States. It is important to account for its potential protective effects for Black youth. Examining these factors using a compensatory risk and resilience model, our study finds that Black adolescents who experience discrimination are also more likely to meet criteria for a psychiatric disorder. Additionally, those who report experiencing religious social support are less likely to meet criteria for a psychiatric disorder. These findings were not moderated by the sociodemographic factors of race or ethnicity. To date, this investigation is one of the first to examine the effect of different types of religious social support in the presence of discrimination on psychiatric illness among African American and Caribbean Black adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shervin Assari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture, and Health, University of Michigan School of Public Health
| | - Yasmin C. Cole-Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor
| | - Cleopatra Howard Caldwell
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture, and Health, University of Michigan School of Public Health
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health
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Salas-Wright CP, Lombe M, Nebbitt VE, Saltzman LY, Tirmazi T. Self-Efficacy, Religiosity, and Crime: Profiles of African American Youth in Urban Housing Communities. VICTIMS & OFFENDERS 2017; 13:84-101. [PMID: 30774577 PMCID: PMC6377159 DOI: 10.1080/15564886.2016.1268986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Youth reporting independently elevated levels of religiosity and self-efficacy tend to abstain from externalizing behavior. However, little is known about the ways in which religiosity and self-efficacy interrelate to impact youth externalizing. Drawing from a sample of African American youth from public housing communities (N = 236), we use latent profile analysis to identify subtypes of youth based on self-reported religiosity and self-efficacy and, in turn, examine links with crime. Compared to youth in other subgroups, those classified as both highly religious and highly self-efficacious reported less involvement in minor and severe delinquency, but not violence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margaret Lombe
- School of Social Work, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Von E. Nebbitt
- Jane Addams College of Social Work, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Leia Y. Saltzman
- School of Social Work, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Taqi Tirmazi
- School of Social Work, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Gooden AS, McMahon SD. Thriving Among African-American Adolescents: Religiosity, Religious Support, and Communalism. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 57:118-128. [PMID: 27217316 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
While research has identified some positive factors in the lives of African-American adolescents, there is limited, yet growing, empirical research examining how positive factors foster thriving for these youth. Using a positive youth development framework, we examined naturally occurring factors that promote thriving among African-American adolescents. This cross-sectional study included 152 youth who were surveyed at five Black churches in a large Midwestern city. Using MPlus, the structural regression model results revealed support for a model that demonstrated religiosity, religious support, and communalism are significantly and directly related to thriving among African-American adolescents. Implications for theory, research and practice are discussed. Moving from a deficit lens to a strengths-based approach can facilitate understanding of developmental processes and provide a foundation for supporting and enhancing positive outcomes among African-American adolescents.
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Ulmer JT, Harris CT. Race and the Religious Contexts of Violence: Linking Religion and White, Black, and Latino Violent Crime. THE SOCIOLOGICAL QUARTERLY 2013; 54:610-646. [PMID: 24976649 PMCID: PMC4066971 DOI: 10.1111/tsq.12034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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11
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Klanjšek R, Vazsonyi AT, Trejos-Castillo E. Religious orientation, low self-control, and deviance: Muslims, Catholics, Eastern Orthodox-, and “Bible Belt” Christians. J Adolesc 2012; 35:671-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Kang E, Mellins CA, Dolezal C, Elkington KS, Abrams EJ. DISADVANTAGED NEIGHBORHOOD INFLUENCES ON DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN YOUTH WITH PERINATALLY ACQUIRED HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS: HOW LIFE STRESSORS MATTER. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2011; 39:956-971. [PMID: 23472046 PMCID: PMC3587679 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.20483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Children living with perinatal HIV illness (PHIV+) disproportionately reside in disadvantaged neighborhoods and contend with persistent mental health challenges. This study examined the influences of disadvantaged residential neighborhood on anxiety and depression, and potential resources that buffer against internalizing problems when youths were exposed to neighborhood stressors. Multilevel analysis of 196 PHIV+ and 129 perinatally HIV-exposed but uninfected youth (PHIV-) in New York City found that higher exposure to neighborhood disorder was associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety for PHIV+ and PHIV- youths. Stressful events unrelated to residential neighborhoods significantly mediated the relationship between neighborhood disorder and anxiety and depression. Social problem solving and religiosity did not moderate the relationship between neighborhood disorder and internalizing problems. Our findings highlighted that interventions that attenuate the negative effects of stressful life events were equally critical in addressing the broader impact of disadvantaged neighborhoods on the mental health of youth affected by HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezer Kang
- Wheaton College, Department of Psychology
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Chu DC, Sung HE. Racial differences in desistance from substance abuse: the impact of religious involvement on recovery. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2009; 53:696-716. [PMID: 18647819 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x08320207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study examines variations by race in the relationship between religiosity and desistance from substance abuse. Although most studies have included race as a control variable, only a few studies compared the equivalence of associations among religiosity, delinquency, recovery from substance abuse, and other variables between Black and White samples. Using data from the intake and 12-month follow-up survey of the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study, this study examines levels of religious involvement of Black and White drug treatment clients. In addition, it empirically tests whether religious involvement exerts differential effects on Black and White clients' recovery from substance abuse. It was found that Black clients reported higher levels of religious involvement (measured by church attendance) than did White clients. Data indicated that religious behavior at 1-year follow-up was positively associated with Black clients' recovery from substance abuse. In contrast, religious behavior was not a significant predictor of White clients' desistance from substance abuse. Directions for future research and policy implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris C Chu
- Department of Criminology, Sociology, and Geography, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72467, USA.
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Wilcox WB, Wolfinger NH. Living and loving "decent": religion and relationship quality among urban parents. SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2008; 37:828-843. [PMID: 18784851 PMCID: PMC2533156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2007.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Religious participation is linked to overall satisfaction among both married and unmarried couples in urban America. Less is known about what may account for the association between religious participation and relationship quality. We explore this issue using data from the first two waves of the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. Relationship-related behaviors (e.g., temperance) and relationship-specific behaviors (e.g., affection) can each account for the association between church attendance and relationship quality. Furthermore, religious participation appears to be more tightly linked to men's perceptions of relationship quality than women's.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Bradford Wilcox
- Department of Sociology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4766, USA.
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Ellison CG, Trinitapoli JA, Anderson KL, Johnson BR. Race/ethnicity, religious involvement, and domestic violence. Violence Against Women 2008; 13:1094-112. [PMID: 17951587 DOI: 10.1177/1077801207308259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The authors explored the relationship between religious involvement and intimate partner violence by analyzing data from the first wave of the National Survey of Families and Households. They found that: (a) religious involvement is correlated with reduced levels of domestic violence; (b) levels of domestic violence vary by race/ethnicity; (c) the effects of religious involvement on domestic violence vary by race/ethnicity; and (d) religious involvement, specifically church attendance, protects against domestic violence, and this protective effect is stronger for African American men and women and for Hispanic men, groups that, for a variety of reasons, experience elevated risk for this type of violence.
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Johnson MC, Morris RG. The moderating effects of religiosity on the relationship between stressful life events and delinquent behavior. JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE 2008; 36:486-493. [PMID: 19122862 PMCID: PMC2601646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2008.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has shown that many forms of strain are positively related to delinquency. Evidence also suggests that religiosity buffers the effects of strain on offending, but this issue requires further research. Using data from a national sample of adolescents, this study examined whether or not religiosity conditioned the relationship between strain and delinquency. This study also looked at the ability of social support, self-esteem, and depression to moderate the influence of strain on delinquent behavior. The findings here lend support to general strain theory in that strain had a direct positive effect on delinquency, yet there was little evidence that the relationship was moderated by religiosity or other conditioning variables. The roles of moderating variables on strain across genders were also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Johnson
- Department of Criminal Justice, East Carolina University, 236 Rivers Building, Greenville, NC 27858-4353, 252-737-2417,
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Szlemko WJ, Wood JW, Thurman PJ. Native Americans and alcohol: past, present, and future. The Journal of General Psychology 2007; 133:435-51. [PMID: 17128961 DOI: 10.3200/genp.133.4.435-451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Native Americans have higher rates of alcohol use, frequency of use, and increased rates of fetal alcohol syndrome, compared with other ethnic groups (J. Hisnanick, 1992; P. A. May, 1996; J. M. Wallace et al., 2003). High prevalence rates of alcohol misuse among Native Americans must be understood in light of their unique history, which has resulted in trauma and exposure to many risk factors for problem alcohol use. Many risk factors have been identified in the general population; however, only some of these risk factors have been examined among Native American populations. The unique history and world view of Native Americans mean that, often, risk factors operate differently from the way they do in other populations. The authors discuss interventions and promising treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Szlemko
- Colorado State University, Tri-Ethnic Center for Prevention Research, Fort Collins 80253, USA
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Scott LD, Munson MR, McMillen JC, Ollie MT. Religious involvement and its association to risk behaviors among older youth in foster care. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2006; 38:223-36. [PMID: 16977499 DOI: 10.1007/s10464-006-9077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study examined religious involvement and its association to risk behaviors (sexual behavior, marijuana use, alcohol use, and cigarette use) among older youth in foster care (N=383). Three dimensions of religious involvement were assessed-church or religious service attendance, religious practices, and religious beliefs. Findings showed that gender, ethnic group membership, sexual abuse history, and placement type were significantly associated with older foster care youth's religious involvement. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses showed that religious service attendance was associated with reduced odds of youth's engagement in sexual behavior in the past 2 months and current use of cigarettes. In addition, greater religious beliefs were associated with a reduction in odds of youth's use of alcohol in the past 6 months and current use of cigarettes. The consideration of religious involvement as a positive influence and resource that may reduce unhealthy risk behaviors among older youth in foster care is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel D Scott
- Washington University in St. Louis, George Warren Brown School of Social Work, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Ward LM. Wading through the stereotypes: positive and negative associations between media use and black adolescents' conceptions of self. Dev Psychol 2004; 40:284-94. [PMID: 14979767 DOI: 10.1037/0012-1649.40.2.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although concern is often expressed that frequent media exposure may adversely affect the self-esteem and racial self-esteem of African American youths, evidence to support this assumption has been limited. To examine this issue, the author collected data among 156 African American high school students, testing connections among racial self-esteem, three dimensions of self-esteem, and multiple forms of media use. Whereas initial comparisons revealed media use to be a negative correlate of self-esteem, further analysis demonstrated that this association varied depending on the media genre and the domain of self in question, the content of students' media diets, and the individual characteristics of the viewer. In addition, both stronger identification with popular Black characters and greater religiosity emerged as possible protective factors.
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Pearce MJ, Jones SM, Schwab-Stone ME, Ruchkin V. The Protective Effects of Religiousness and Parent Involvement on the Development of Conduct Problems Among Youth Exposed to Violence. Child Dev 2003; 74:1682-96. [PMID: 14669889 DOI: 10.1046/j.1467-8624.2003.00631.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the protective effects of religiousness and parent involvement for the development of conduct problems beyond the effects of risk factors. Measures of violence exposure, conduct problems, parent involvement, and religiousness, from the longitudinal Social and Health Assessment survey, were completed by 1,703 high-risk urban adolescents (12.5 +/- 1.7 years; 53% female). Witnessing of and victimization by community violence appeared to be significant risk factors for an increase in conduct problems over a 1-year period. Religiousness and parental involvement were each uniquely associated with a decrease in conduct problems. Moreover, several dimensions of religiousness moderated the relationship between violence exposure and conduct problems, buffering the negative effects of violence exposure. Implications of these findings for prevention efforts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle J Pearce
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8205, USA.
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Rozie-Battle JL. African American teens and the neo-juvenile justice system. JOURNAL OF HEALTH & SOCIAL POLICY 2002; 15:69-79. [PMID: 12413108 DOI: 10.1300/j045v15n02_07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
African American youth continue to be overrepresented in the juvenile justice system. As a result of the current political environment and the perceived increase in crime among young people, the nation has moved away from rehabilitation and toward harsher treatment of delinquents. The African American community must encourage policy makers and community leaders to continue to address the disproportionate representation of African American youth in the system. Current policing and prosecutorial policies must also be examined and challenged to end the perception of an unjust system.
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Rozie-Battle JL. Youth development: a positive strategy for African American youth. JOURNAL OF HEALTH & SOCIAL POLICY 2002; 15:13-23. [PMID: 12413103 DOI: 10.1300/j045v15n02_02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The concept of positive youth development has been discussed and implemented for over ten years. The more recent emphasis on the connection between community and youth development is as important to the African American community in general as it is to African American youth. Opportunities to experience responsibility and involvement in their community, under the guidance of supportive adults, provide youth the chance of success for themselves and, ultimately, their communities.
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Parental Style as a Possible Mediator of the Relationship Between Religiosity and Substance Use in African-American Adolescents. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2002. [DOI: 10.1300/j233v01n04_04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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