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Rembert F, Stolz A, Soulaine C, Roman S. A microfluidic chip for geoelectrical monitoring of critical zone processes. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:3433-3442. [PMID: 37417241 PMCID: PMC10368154 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00377a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
We miniaturize geoelectrical acquisition using advanced microfabrication technologies to investigate coupled processes in the critical zone. We focus on the development of the complex electrical conductivity acquisition with the spectral induced polarization (SIP) method on a microfluidic chip equipped with electrodes. SIP is an innovative detection method that has the potential to monitor biogeochemical processes. However, due to the lack of microscale visualization of the processes, the interpretation of the SIP response remains under debate. This approach at the micrometer scale allows working in well-controlled conditions, with real-time monitoring by high-speed and high-resolution microscopy. It enables direct observation of microscopic reactive transport processes in the critical zone. We monitor the dissolution of pure calcite, a common geochemical reaction studied as an analog of the water-mineral interactions. We highlight the strong correlation between SIP response and dissolution through image processing. These results demonstrate that the proposed technological advancement will provide a further understanding of the critical zone processes through SIP observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flore Rembert
- Univ. Orléans, CNRS, BRGM, ISTO, UMR 7327, Orléans, F-45071, France.
- Univ. Orléans, CNRS, GREMI, UMR 7344, Orléans, F-45067, France
| | - Arnaud Stolz
- Univ. Orléans, CNRS, GREMI, UMR 7344, Orléans, F-45067, France
| | - Cyprien Soulaine
- Univ. Orléans, CNRS, BRGM, ISTO, UMR 7327, Orléans, F-45071, France.
| | - Sophie Roman
- Univ. Orléans, CNRS, BRGM, ISTO, UMR 7327, Orléans, F-45071, France.
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2
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Pani I, Sil S, Pal SK. Liquid Crystal Biosensors: A New Therapeutic Window to Point-of-Care Diagnostics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:909-917. [PMID: 36634050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
After revolutionizing the field of electro-optic displays, liquid crystals (LCs) are emerging as functional soft materials with wide-ranging biomedical implications. Integrating smart sensor designs with label-free imaging presents exciting opportunities in diagnostics. In this Perspective, we present an elegant collage of the key findings that demonstrate the utility of LC biosensors in diagnosing a disease or infection in clinical samples, cellular microenvironments, or bodily fluids. We emphasize the currently prevalent diagnostic techniques and the advances made using LCs in achieving greater sensitivity, a simplified strategy, multiplexed detection, and so on. We collate the landmark contributions in translational research in LC-based diagnostics. We believe that developing LC-based biosensors presents a new therapeutic window in point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipsita Pani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Soma Sil
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
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3
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Chen YS, Huang CH, Pai PC, Seo J, Lei KF. A Review on Microfluidics-Based Impedance Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13010083. [PMID: 36671918 PMCID: PMC9855525 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Electrical impedance biosensors are powerful and continuously being developed for various biological sensing applications. In this line, the sensitivity of impedance biosensors embedded with microfluidic technologies, such as sheath flow focusing, dielectrophoretic focusing, and interdigitated electrode arrays, can still be greatly improved. In particular, reagent consumption reduction and analysis time-shortening features can highly increase the analytical capabilities of such biosensors. Moreover, the reliability and efficiency of analyses are benefited by microfluidics-enabled automation. Through the use of mature microfluidic technology, complicated biological processes can be shrunk and integrated into a single microfluidic system (e.g., lab-on-a-chip or micro-total analysis systems). By incorporating electrical impedance biosensors, hand-held and bench-top microfluidic systems can be easily developed and operated by personnel without professional training. Furthermore, the impedance spectrum provides broad information regarding cell size, membrane capacitance, cytoplasmic conductivity, and cytoplasmic permittivity without the need for fluorescent labeling, magnetic modifications, or other cellular treatments. In this review article, a comprehensive summary of microfluidics-based impedance biosensors is presented. The structure of this article is based on the different substrate material categorizations. Moreover, the development trend of microfluidics-based impedance biosensors is discussed, along with difficulties and challenges that may be encountered in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shih Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Ching Pai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Jungmok Seo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kin Fong Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
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4
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Recent Progress and Challenges on the Microfluidic Assay of Pathogenic Bacteria Using Biosensor Technology. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:biomimetics7040175. [PMID: 36412703 PMCID: PMC9680295 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7040175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic technology is one of the new technologies that has been able to take advantage of the specific properties of micro and nanoliters, and by reducing the costs and duration of tests, it has been widely used in research and treatment in biology and medicine. Different materials are often processed into miniaturized chips containing channels and chambers within the microscale range. This review (containing 117 references) demonstrates the significance and application of nanofluidic biosensing of various pathogenic bacteria. The microfluidic application devices integrated with bioreceptors and advanced nanomaterials, including hyperbranched nano-polymers, carbon-based nanomaterials, hydrogels, and noble metal, was also investigated. In the present review, microfluid methods for the sensitive and selective recognition of photogenic bacteria in various biological matrices are surveyed. Further, the advantages and limitations of recognition methods on the performance and efficiency of microfluidic-based biosensing of photogenic bacteria are critically investigated. Finally, the future perspectives, research opportunities, potential, and prospects on the diagnosis of disease related to pathogenic bacteria based on microfluidic analysis of photogenic bacteria are provided.
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5
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Park H, Won H, Lim C, Zhang Y, Han WS, Bae SB, Lee CJ, Noh Y, Lee J, Lee J, Jung S, Choi M, Lee S, Park H. Layer-resolved release of epitaxial layers in III-V heterostructure via a buffer-free mechanical separation technique. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl6406. [PMID: 35061536 PMCID: PMC8782454 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl6406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Layer-release techniques for producing freestanding III-V epitaxial layers have been actively developed for heterointegration of single-crystalline compound semiconductors with Si platforms. However, for the release of target epitaxial layers from III-V heterostructures, it is required to embed a mechanically or chemically weak sacrificial buffer beneath the target layers. This requirement severely limits the scope of processable materials and their epi-structures and makes the growth and layer-release process complicated. Here, we report that epitaxial layers in commonly used III-V heterostructures can be precisely released with an atomic-scale surface flatness via a buffer-free separation technique. This result shows that heteroepitaxial interfaces of a normal lattice-matched III-V heterostructure can be mechanically separated without a sacrificial buffer and the target interface for separation can be selectively determined by adjusting process conditions. This technique of selective release of epitaxial layers in III-V heterostructures will provide high fabrication flexibility in compound semiconductor technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghwi Park
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Heungsup Won
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Changhee Lim
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
- Applied Materials Korea, Ltd., Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28378, South Korea
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- School of Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Won Seok Han
- Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon 34129, South Korea
| | - Sung-Bum Bae
- Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon 34129, South Korea
| | - Chang-Ju Lee
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Yeho Noh
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Junyeong Lee
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Jonghyung Lee
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Sunghwan Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin-si, Gyenggi-do 16890, South Korea
| | - Muhan Choi
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
- School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Sunghwan Lee
- School of Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Hongsik Park
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
- School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
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6
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A 4 × 4 Array of Complementary Split-Ring Resonators for Label-Free Dielectric Spectroscopy. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9120348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) metamaterial structures are proposed for label-free dielectric spectroscopy of liquids in microplates. This novel combination of an array of sensors and microplates is readily scalable and thus offers a great potential for non-invasive, rapid, and label-free dielectric spectroscopy of liquids in large microplate arrays. The proposed array of sensors on a printed circuit board consists of a microstrip line coupled to four CSRRs in cascade with resonant frequencies ranging from 7 to 10 GHz, spaced around 1 GHz. The microwells were manufactured and bonded to the CSRR using polydimethylsiloxane, whose resonant frequency is dependent on a complex relative permittivity of the liquid loaded in the microwell. The individual microstrip lines with CSRRs were interconnected to the measurement equipment using two electronically controllable microwave switches, which enables microwave measurements of the 4 × 4 CSRR array using only a two-port measurement system. The 4 × 4 microwell sensor arrays were calibrated and evaluated using water-ethanol mixtures with different ethanol concentrations. The proposed measurement setup offers comparable results to ones obtained using a dielectric probe, confirming the potential of the planar sensor array for large-scale microplate experiments.
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7
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The Gaussian process distribution of relaxation times: A machine learning tool for the analysis and prediction of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Desai SP, Coston A, Berlin A. Micro-Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy and Identification of Patient-Derived, Dissociated Tumor Cells. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2019; 18:369-372. [PMID: 31180894 DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2019.2920743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fine needle aspirate sampling of tumors requires acquisition of sufficient cells to complete a diagnosis. Aspirates through such fine needles are typically composed of small cell clusters in suspension, making them readily amenable to microfluidic analysis. Here we show a microfluidic device with integrated electrodes capable of interrogating and identifying cellular components in a patient-derived sample of dissociated tumor cells using micro-electrical impedance spectroscopy ( μ EIS). We show that the μ EIS system can distinguish dissociated tumor cells in a sample consisting of red blood cell (RBCs) and peripheral blood mononucleated cells (PBMCs). Our μ EIS system can also distinguish dissociated tumor cells from normal cells and we show results for five major cancer types, specifically, lung, thyroid, breast, ovarian, and kidney cancer. Moreover, our μ EIS system can make these distinctions in a label-free manner, thereby opening the possibility of integration into standard clinical workflows at the point of care.
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel L. Furst
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Matthew B. Francis
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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10
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Tubia I, Prasad K, Pérez-Lorenzo E, Abadín C, Zumárraga M, Oyanguren I, Barbero F, Paredes J, Arana S. Beverage spoilage yeast detection methods and control technologies: A review of Brettanomyces. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 283:65-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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11
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Chakraborty S. Electrokinetics with blood. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:180-189. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; Kharagpur India
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12
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Liu F, Ni L, Zhe J. Lab-on-a-chip electrical multiplexing techniques for cellular and molecular biomarker detection. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2018; 12:021501. [PMID: 29682143 PMCID: PMC5893332 DOI: 10.1063/1.5022168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Signal multiplexing is vital to develop lab-on-a-chip devices that can detect and quantify multiple cellular and molecular biomarkers with high throughput, short analysis time, and low cost. Electrical detection of biomarkers has been widely used in lab-on-a-chip devices because it requires less external equipment and simple signal processing and provides higher scalability. Various electrical multiplexing for lab-on-a-chip devices have been developed for comprehensive, high throughput, and rapid analysis of biomarkers. In this paper, we first briefly introduce the widely used electrochemical and electrical impedance sensing methods. Next, we focus on reviewing various electrical multiplexing techniques that had achieved certain successes on rapid cellular and molecular biomarker detection, including direct methods (spatial and time multiplexing), and emerging technologies (frequency, codes, particle-based multiplexing). Lastly, the future opportunities and challenges on electrical multiplexing techniques are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
| | - Liwei Ni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
| | - Jiang Zhe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
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13
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An electrochemical lipopolysaccharide sensor based on an immobilized Toll-Like Receptor-4. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 87:794-801. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Uria N, Moral-Vico J, Abramova N, Bratov A, Muñoz FX. Fast determination of viable bacterial cells in milk samples using impedimetric sensor and a novel calibration method. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Hori F, Harada Y, Kuretake T, Uno S. Impedance Analysis of Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles in Chromatography Paper for Quantitation of an Immunochromatographic Assay. ANAL SCI 2016; 32:355-9. [PMID: 26960618 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A detection method of gold nanoparticles in chromatography paper has been developed for a simple, cost-effective and reliable quantitation of immunochromatographic strip test. The time courses of the solution resistance in chromatography paper with the gold nanoparticles solution are electrochemically measured by chrono-impedimetry. The dependence of the solution resistance on the concentration of gold nanoparticles has been successfully observed. The main factor to increase the solution resistance may be obstruction of the ion transport due to the presence of gold nanoparticles. The existence of gold nanoparticles with 1.92 × 10(9) particles/mL in an indistinctly-colored chromatography paper is also identified by a solution resistance measurement. This indicates that the solution resistance assay has the potential to lower the detection limit of the conventional qualitative assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Hori
- Department of Electrical Systems, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University
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16
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Xu Y, Xie X, Duan Y, Wang L, Cheng Z, Cheng J. A review of impedance measurements of whole cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 77:824-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Wan TH, Saccoccio M, Chen C, Ciucci F. Influence of the Discretization Methods on the Distribution of Relaxation Times Deconvolution: Implementing Radial Basis Functions with DRTtools. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Microfluidics Integrated Biosensors: A Leading Technology towards Lab-on-a-Chip and Sensing Applications. SENSORS 2015; 15:30011-31. [PMID: 26633409 PMCID: PMC4721704 DOI: 10.3390/s151229783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A biosensor can be defined as a compact analytical device or unit incorporating a biological or biologically derived sensitive recognition element immobilized on a physicochemical transducer to measure one or more analytes. Microfluidic systems, on the other hand, provide throughput processing, enhance transport for controlling the flow conditions, increase the mixing rate of different reagents, reduce sample and reagents volume (down to nanoliter), increase sensitivity of detection, and utilize the same platform for both sample preparation and detection. In view of these advantages, the integration of microfluidic and biosensor technologies provides the ability to merge chemical and biological components into a single platform and offers new opportunities for future biosensing applications including portability, disposability, real-time detection, unprecedented accuracies, and simultaneous analysis of different analytes in a single device. This review aims at representing advances and achievements in the field of microfluidic-based biosensing. The review also presents examples extracted from the literature to demonstrate the advantages of merging microfluidic and biosensing technologies and illustrate the versatility that such integration promises in the future biosensing for emerging areas of biological engineering, biomedical studies, point-of-care diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and precision agriculture.
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19
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Stubbe M, Gimsa J. Maxwell's mixing equation revisited: characteristic impedance equations for ellipsoidal cells. Biophys J 2015; 109:194-208. [PMID: 26200856 PMCID: PMC4621811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We derived a series of, to our knowledge, new analytic expressions for the characteristic features of the impedance spectra of suspensions of homogeneous and single-shell spherical, spheroidal, and ellipsoidal objects, e.g., biological cells of the general ellipsoidal shape. In the derivation, we combined the Maxwell-Wagner mixing equation with our expression for the Clausius-Mossotti factor that had been originally derived to describe AC-electrokinetic effects such as dielectrophoresis, electrorotation, and electroorientation. The influential radius model was employed because it allows for a separation of the geometric and electric problems. For shelled objects, a special axial longitudinal element approach leads to a resistor-capacitor model, which can be used to simplify the mixing equation. Characteristic equations were derived for the plateau levels, peak heights, and characteristic frequencies of the impedance as well as the complex specific conductivities and permittivities of suspensions of axially and randomly oriented homogeneous and single-shell ellipsoidal objects. For membrane-covered spherical objects, most of the limiting cases are identical to-or improved with respect to-the known solutions given by researchers in the field. The characteristic equations were found to be quite precise (largest deviations typically <5% with respect to the full model) when tested with parameters relevant to biological cells. They can be used for the differentiation of orientation and the electric properties of cell suspensions or in the analysis of single cells in microfluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Stubbe
- Chair of Biophysics, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan Gimsa
- Chair of Biophysics, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
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20
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Analysis of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Data Using the Distribution of Relaxation Times: A Bayesian and Hierarchical Bayesian Approach. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Estrada-Leypon O, Moya A, Guimera A, Gabriel G, Agut M, Sanchez B, Borros S. Simultaneous monitoring of Staphylococcus aureus growth in a multi-parametric microfluidic platform using microscopy and impedance spectroscopy. Bioelectrochemistry 2015; 105:56-64. [PMID: 26004850 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We describe the design, construction, and characterization of a scalable microfluidic platform that allows continuous monitoring of biofilm proliferation under shear stress conditions. Compared to other previous end-point assay studies, our platform offers the advantages of integration into multiple environments allowing simultaneous optical microscopy and impedance spectroscopy measurements. In this work we report a multi-parametric sensor that can monitor the growth and activity of a biofilm. This was possible by combining two interdigitated microelectrodes (IDuEs), and punctual electrodes to measure dissolved oxygen, K+, Na+ and pH. The IDuE has been optimized to permit sensitive and reliable impedance monitoring of Staphylococcus aureus V329 growth with two- and four-electrode measurements. We distinguished structural and morphological changes on intact cellular specimens using four-electrode data modeling. We also detected antibiotic mediated effects using impedance. Results were confirmed by scanning electrode microscopy and fluorescence microscopy after live/dead cell staining. The bacitracin mediated effects detected with impedance prove that the approach described can be used for guiding the development of novel anti-biofilm agents to better address bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Estrada-Leypon
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Spain
| | - A Moya
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A Guimera
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - G Gabriel
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Bellaterra, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M Agut
- Grup d'Enginyeria Molecular (GEM), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Spain
| | - B Sanchez
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215-5491, USA
| | - S Borros
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Spain.
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22
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Zhang X, Li F, Nordin AN, Tarbell J, Voiculescu I. Toxicity studies using mammalian cells and impedance spectroscopy method. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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23
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Bridle H, Miller B, Desmulliez MPY. Application of microfluidics in waterborne pathogen monitoring: a review. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 55:256-71. [PMID: 24631875 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A review of the recent advances in microfluidics based systems for the monitoring of waterborne pathogens is provided in this article. Emphasis has been made on existing, commercial and state-of-the-art systems and research activities in laboratories worldwide. The review separates sample processing systems and monitoring systems, highlighting the slow progress made in automated sample processing for monitoring of pathogens in waterworks and in the field. Future potential directions of research are also highlighted in the conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Bridle
- Heriot-Watt University, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering (IB3), Riccarton, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
| | - Brian Miller
- University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
| | - Marc P Y Desmulliez
- Heriot-Watt University, MicroSystems Engineering Centre (MISEC), Riccarton, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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Gong Z, Guo Y, Sun X, Cao Y, Wang X. Acetylcholinesterase biosensor for carbaryl detection based on interdigitated array microelectrodes. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2014; 37:1929-34. [PMID: 24770986 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-014-1195-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensor with superior accuracy and sensitivity was successfully developed based on interdigitated array microelectrodes (IAMs). IAMs have a series of parallel microband electrodes with alternating microbands connected together. Chitosan was used as the enzyme immobilization material, and AChE was used as the model enzyme for carbaryl detection to fabricate AChE biosensor. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used in conjunction with the fabricated biosensor to detect pesticide residues. Based on the inhibition of pesticides on the AChE activity, using carbaryl as model compounds, the biosensor exhibited a wide range, low detection limit, and high stability. Moreover, the biosensor can also be used as a new promising tool for pesticide residue analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Gong
- School of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, No.12, Zhangzhou Road, Zibo, 255049, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Tsai SL, Chiang Y, Wang MH, Chen MK, Jang LS. Battery-powered portable instrument system for single-cell trapping, impedance measurements, and modeling analyses. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2392-400. [PMID: 24610717 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A battery-powered portable instrument system for the single-HeLa-cell trapping and analyses is developed. A method of alternating current electrothermal (ACET) and DEP are employed for the cell trapping and the method of impedance spectroscopy is employed for cell characterizations. The proposed instrument (160 mm × 170 mm × 110 mm, 1269 g) equips with a highly efficient energy-saving design that promises approximately 120 h of use. It includes an impedance analyzer performing an excitation voltage of 0.2-2 Vpp and a frequency sweep of 11-101 kHz, function generator with the sine wave output at an operating voltage of 1-50 Vpp with a frequency of 4-12 MHz, cell-trapping biochip, microscope, and input/output interface. The biochip for the single cell trapping is designed and simulated based on a combination of ACET and DEP forces. In order to improve measurement accuracy, the curve fitting method is adopted to calibrate the proposed impedance spectroscopy. Measurement results from the proposed system are compared with results from a precision impedance analyzer. The trapped cell can be modeled for numerical analyses. Many advantages are offered in the proposed instrument such as the small volume, real-time monitoring, rapid analysis, low cost, low-power consumption, and portable application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Lin Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
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Liu F, Nordin AN, Li F, Voiculescu I. A lab-on-chip cell-based biosensor for label-free sensing of water toxicants. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:1270-1280. [PMID: 24463940 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc51085a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a lab-on-chip biosensor containing an enclosed fluidic cell culturing well seeded with live cells for rapid screening of toxicants in drinking water. The sensor is based on the innovative placement of the working electrode for the electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) technique as the top electrode of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) resonator. Cell damage induced by toxic water will cause a decrease in impedance, as well as an increase in the resonant frequency. For water toxicity tests, the biosensor's unique capabilities of performing two complementary measurements simultaneously (impedance and mass-sensing) will increase the accuracy of detection while decreasing the false-positive rate. Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) were used as toxicity sensing cells. The effects of the toxicants, ammonia, nicotine and aldicarb, on cells were monitored with both the QCM and the ECIS technique. The lab-on-chip was demonstrated to be sensitive to low concentrations of toxicants. The responses of BAECs to toxic samples occurred during the initial 5 to 20 minutes depending on the type of chemical and concentrations. Testing the multiparameter biosensor with aldicarb also demonstrated the hypothesis that using two different sensors to monitor the same cell monolayer provides cross validation and increases the accuracy of detection. For low concentrations of aldicarb, the variations in impedance measurements are insignificant in comparison with the shifts of resonant frequency monitored using the QCM resonator. A highly linear correlation between signal shifts and chemical concentrations was demonstrated for each toxicant.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
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27
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Chemiluminescence immunoassay based on microfluidic chips for α-fetoprotein. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 431:113-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Liu F, Li F, Nordin AN, Voiculescu I. A novel cell-based hybrid acoustic wave biosensor with impedimetric sensing capabilities. SENSORS 2013; 13:3039-55. [PMID: 23459387 PMCID: PMC3658730 DOI: 10.3390/s130303039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel multiparametric biosensor system based on living cells will be presented. The biosensor system includes two biosensing techniques on a single device: resonant frequency measurements and electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS). The multiparametric sensor system is based on the innovative use of the upper electrode of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) resonator as working electrode for the ECIS technique. The QCM acoustic wave sensor consists of a thin AT-cut quartz substrate with two gold electrodes on opposite sides. For integration of the QCM with the ECIS technique a semicircular counter electrode was fabricated near the upper electrode on the same side of the quartz crystal. Bovine aortic endothelial live cells (BAECs) were successfully cultured on this hybrid biosensor. Finite element modeling of the bulk acoustic wave resonator using COMSOL simulations was performed. Simultaneous gravimetric and impedimetric measurements performed over a period of time on the same cell culture were conducted to validate the device's sensitivity. The time necessary for the BAEC cells to attach and form a compact monolayer on the biosensor was 35~45 minutes for 1.5 × 10(4) cells/cm2 BAECs; 60 minutes for 2.0 × 10(4) cells/cm2 BAECs; 70 minutes for 3.0 × 10(4) cells/cm2 BAECs; and 100 minutes for 5.0 × 104 cells/cm2 BAECs. It was demonstrated that this time is the same for both gravimetric and impedimetric measurements. This hybrid biosensor will be employed in the future for water toxicity detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Mechanical Engineering Department, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Fang Li
- Mechanical Engineering Department, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Anis Nurashikin Nordin
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia; E-Mail:
| | - Ioana Voiculescu
- Mechanical Engineering Department, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-212-650-5210; Fax: +1-212-650-8013
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Salm E, Liu YS, Marchwiany D, Morisette D, He Y, Razouk L, Bhunia AK, Bashir R. Electrical detection of dsDNA and polymerase chain reaction amplification. Biomed Microdevices 2012; 13:973-82. [PMID: 21789549 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-011-9567-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Food-borne pathogens and food safety-related outbreaks have come to the forefront over recent years. Estimates on the annual cost of sicknesses, hospitalizations, and deaths run into the billions of dollars. There is a large body of research on detection of food-borne pathogens; however, the widely accepted current systems are limited by costly reagents, lengthy time to completion, and expensive equipment. Our aim is to develop a label-free method for determining a change in DNA concentration after a PCR assay. We first used impedance spectroscopy to characterize the change in concentration of purified DNA in deionized water within a microfluidic biochip. To adequately measure the change in DNA concentration in PCR solution, it was necessary to go through a purification and precipitation step to minimize the effects of primers, PCR reagents, and excess salts. It was then shown that the purification and precipitation of the fully amplified PCR reaction showed results similar to the control tests performed with DNA in deionized water. We believe that this work has brought label free electrical biosensors for PCR amplification one step closer to reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Salm
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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32
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Reducing error and measurement time in impedance spectroscopy using model based optimal experimental design. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.02.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wang MH, Kao MF, Jang LS. Single HeLa and MCF-7 cell measurement using minimized impedance spectroscopy and microfluidic device. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:064302. [PMID: 21721710 DOI: 10.1063/1.3594550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study presents an impedance measurement system for single-cell capture and measurement. The microwell structure which utilizes nDEP force is used to single-cell capture and a minimized impedance spectroscopy which includes a power supply chip, an impedance measurement chip and a USB microcontroller chip is used to single-cell impedance measurement. To improve the measurement accuracy of the proposed system, Biquadratic fitting is used in this study. The measurement accuracy and reliability of the proposed system are compared to those of a conventional precision impedance analyzer. Moreover, a stable material, latex beads, is used to study the impedance measurement using the minimized impedance spectroscopy with cell-trapping device. Finally, the proposed system is used to measure the impedance of HeLa cells and MCF-7 cells. The impedance of single HeLa cells decreased from 9.55 × 10(3) to 3.36 × 10(3) Ω and the impedance of single MCF-7 cells decreased from 3.48 × 10(3) to 1.45 × 10(3) Ω at an operate voltage of 0.5 V when the excitation frequency was increased from 11 to 101 kHz. The results demonstrate that the proposed impedance measurement system successfully distinguishes HeLa cells and MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Haw Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
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Bashir R, Akin D, Gómez R, Li H, Chang W, Gupta A. From BioMEMS to Bionanotechnology: Integrated BioChips for the Detection of Cells and Microorganisms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-773-n9.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis paper reviews the interdisciplinary work performed in our group in recent years to develop micro-integrated devices to characterize biological entities. We present the use of electrical and mechanically based phenomena to perform characterization and various functions needed for integrated biochips. One sub-system takes advantage of the dielectrophoretic effect to sort and concentrate cells within a micro-fluidic biochip. Another sub-system measures impedance changes produced by the metabolic activity of cells to determine their viability. A third sub-system is used to detect the mass of bacteria as they bind to micro-mechanical silicon cantilevers. These devices with an electronic signal output can be very useful in producing practical systems for rapid detection and characterization of cells for a wide variety of applications in the food safety and health diagnostics industries.
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Gómez R, Ladisch MR, Bhunia AK, Bashir R. Microfabricated Device for Impedance-Based Detection of Bacterial Metabolism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-729-u4.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWe present the use of a microfabricated device for impedance-based detection of a few live bacterial cells. Impedance-based detection relies on measuring changes in the AC impedance of two electrodes immersed in a liquid were the bacteria are cultured, caused by the release of ionic species by metabolizing bacterial cells. Rapid detection of a few cells (1 to 10) is possible if the cells are confined into a volume on the order of nanoliters. A microfluidic biochip prototype has been fabricated to test this miniaturized assay. The conductance of the bacterial suspensions is extracted from measuring their complex impedance in a 5.27 nl chamber in the biochip, at several frequencies between 100 Hz and 1 MHz. Measurements on suspensions of the bacteria Listeria innocua, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli in a low conductivity buffer demonstrate that, under the current experimental conditions, the minimum detection level is between 50 and 200 live cells, after two hours of off-chip incubation. Work is in progress to develop techniques for selective capture of bacteria inside the chip, and to minimize background changes in impedance during on-chip incubation.
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Nasir M, Price DT, Shriver-Lake LC, Ligler F. Effect of diffusion on impedance measurements in a hydrodynamic flow focusing sensor. LAB ON A CHIP 2010; 10:2787-2795. [PMID: 20725680 DOI: 10.1039/c005257d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigated the effects of diffusion between non-conductive sheath and conductive sample fluids in an impedance-based biosensor. Impedance measurements were made with 2- and 4-electrode configurations. The 4-electrode design offers the advantage of impedance measurements at low frequencies (<1 kHz) without the deleterious effects of double layer impedance which are present in the 2-electrode design. Hydrodynamic flow focusing was achieved with a modified T-junction design with a smaller cross-section for the sample channel than for the focusing channel, which resulted in 2D focusing of the sample stream with just one sheath stream. By choosing a non-conductive sheath fluid and a conductive sample fluid, the electric field was confined to the focused stream. In order to utilize this system for biosensing applications, we characterized it for electrical and flow parameters. In particular, we investigated the effects of varying flow velocities and flow-rate ratios on the focused stream. Increasing flow-rate ratios reduced the cross-sectional area of the focused streams as was verified by finite element modeling and confocal microscopy. Antibody mediated binding of Escherichia coli to the electrode surface caused an increase in solution resistance at low frequencies. The results also showed that the diffusion mass transport at the interface of the two streams limited the benefits of increased flow focusing. Increasing flow velocities could be used to offset the diffusion effect. To optimize detection sensitivity, flow parameters and mass transport must be considered in conjunction, with the goal of reducing diffusion of conducting species out of the focused stream while simultaneously minimizing its cross-sectional area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Nasir
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
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Lin KC, Kunduru V, Bothara M, Rege K, Prasad S, Ramakrishna BL. Biogenic nanoporous silica-based sensor for enhanced electrochemical detection of cardiovascular biomarkers proteins. Biosens Bioelectron 2010; 25:2336-42. [PMID: 20417087 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The goal of our research is to demonstrate the feasibility of employing biogenic nanoporous silica as a key component in developing a biosensor platform for rapid label-free electrochemical detection of cardiovascular biomarkers from pure and commercial human serum samples with high sensitivity and selectivity. The biosensor platform consists of a silicon chip with an array of gold electrodes forming multiple sensor sites and works on the principle of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Each sensor site is overlaid with a biogenic nanoporous silica membrane that forms a high density of nanowells on top of each electrode. When specific protein biomarkers: C-reactive protein (CRP) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) from a test sample bind to antibodies conjugated to the surface of the gold surface at the base of each nanowell, a perturbation of electrical double layer occurs resulting in a change in the impedance. The performance of the biogenic silica membrane biosensor was tested in comparison with nanoporous alumina membrane-based biosensor and plain metallic thin film biosensor. Significant enhancement in the sensitivity and selectivity was achieved with the biogenic silica biosensor, in comparison to the other two, for detecting the two protein biomarkers from both pure and commercial human serum samples. The sensitivity of the biogenic silica biosensor is approximately 1 pg/ml and the linear dose response is observed over a large dynamic range from 1 pg/ml to 1 microg/ml. Based on its performance metrics, the biogenic silica biosensor has excellent potential for development as a point of care handheld electronic biosensor device for detection of protein biomarkers from clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chun Lin
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace, Chemical, and Materials Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-6106, USA
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Wang JW, Wang MH, Jang LS. Effects of electrode geometry and cell location on single-cell impedance measurement. Biosens Bioelectron 2010; 25:1271-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2009.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2009] [Revised: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Javanmard M, Esfandyarpour H, Pease F, Davis RW. Electrical Detection of Proteins and DNA using Bioactivated Microfluidic Channels: Theoretical and Experimental Considerations. JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. B, MICROELECTRONICS AND NANOMETER STRUCTURES : PROCESSING, MEASUREMENT, AND PHENOMENA : AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOCIETY 2009; 27:3099-3103. [PMID: 20467573 PMCID: PMC2868200 DOI: 10.1116/1.3264675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 04/03/2024]
Abstract
In order to detect diseases like cancer at an early stage while it still may be curable, it's necessary to develop a diagnostic technique which can rapidly and inexpensively detect protein and nucleic acid biomarkers, without making any sacrifice in the sensitivity. We have developed a technique, based on the use of bioactivated microfluidic channels integrated with electrodes for electrical sensing, which can be used to detect protein biomarkers, target cells, and DNA hybridization. In this paper, we discuss the theoretical detection limits of this kind of sensor, and also discuss various experimental considerations in the electrical characterization of our device. In particular, we discuss the temperature dependence, the impedance drift, the noise sources, and various methods for optimizing the signal to noise ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Javanmard
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA, 94304
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Javanmard M, Talasaz AH, Nemat-Gorgani M, Huber DE, Pease F, Ronaghi M, Davis RW. A Microfluidic Platform for Characterization of Protein-Protein Interactions. IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2009; 9:883-891. [PMID: 20467571 PMCID: PMC2868195 DOI: 10.1109/jsen.2009.2022558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, expensive and time consuming techniques such as mass spectrometry and Western Blotting have been used for characterization of protein-protein interactions. In this paper, we describe the design, fabrication, and testing of a rapid and inexpensive sensor, involving the use of microelectrodes in a microchannel, which can be used for real-time electrical detection of specific interactions between proteins. We have successfully demonstrated detection of target glycoprotein-glycoprotein interactions, antigen-antibody interactions, and glycoprotein-antigen interactions. We have also demonstrated the ability of this technique to distinguish between strong and weak interactions. Using this approach, it may be possible to multiplex an array of these sensors onto a chip and probe a complex mixture for various types of interactions involving protein molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Javanmard
- M. Javanmard and F. Pease are with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA (; ). A. H. Talasaz, M. Nemat-Gorgani, D. E. Huber, and R. W. Davis are with the Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA (; ; ; ). M. Ronaghi is with Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA 92121 USA ()
| | - Amirali H. Talasaz
- M. Javanmard and F. Pease are with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA (; ). A. H. Talasaz, M. Nemat-Gorgani, D. E. Huber, and R. W. Davis are with the Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA (; ; ; ). M. Ronaghi is with Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA 92121 USA ()
| | - Mohsen Nemat-Gorgani
- M. Javanmard and F. Pease are with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA (; ). A. H. Talasaz, M. Nemat-Gorgani, D. E. Huber, and R. W. Davis are with the Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA (; ; ; ). M. Ronaghi is with Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA 92121 USA ()
| | - David E. Huber
- M. Javanmard and F. Pease are with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA (; ). A. H. Talasaz, M. Nemat-Gorgani, D. E. Huber, and R. W. Davis are with the Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA (; ; ; ). M. Ronaghi is with Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA 92121 USA ()
| | - Fabian Pease
- M. Javanmard and F. Pease are with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA (; ). A. H. Talasaz, M. Nemat-Gorgani, D. E. Huber, and R. W. Davis are with the Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA (; ; ; ). M. Ronaghi is with Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA 92121 USA ()
| | - Mostafa Ronaghi
- M. Javanmard and F. Pease are with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA (; ). A. H. Talasaz, M. Nemat-Gorgani, D. E. Huber, and R. W. Davis are with the Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA (; ; ; ). M. Ronaghi is with Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA 92121 USA ()
| | - Ronald W. Davis
- M. Javanmard and F. Pease are with the Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA (; ). A. H. Talasaz, M. Nemat-Gorgani, D. E. Huber, and R. W. Davis are with the Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA (; ; ; ). M. Ronaghi is with Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA 92121 USA ()
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Mairhofer J, Roppert K, Ertl P. Microfluidic systems for pathogen sensing: a review. SENSORS 2009; 9:4804-23. [PMID: 22408555 PMCID: PMC3291940 DOI: 10.3390/s90604804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Revised: 06/04/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Rapid pathogen sensing remains a pressing issue today since conventional identification methodsare tedious, cost intensive and time consuming, typically requiring from 48 to 72 h. In turn, chip based technologies, such as microarrays and microfluidic biochips, offer real alternatives capable of filling this technological gap. In particular microfluidic biochips make the development of fast, sensitive and portable diagnostic tools possible, thus promising rapid and accurate detection of a variety of pathogens. This paper will provide a broad overview of the novel achievements in the field of pathogen sensing by focusing on methods and devices that compliment microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Mairhofer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kriemhilt Roppert
- Division of Nano-System-Technologies, Austrian Research Centers GmbH – ARC, Donau-City-Street 1, 1220 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Ertl
- Division of Nano-System-Technologies, Austrian Research Centers GmbH – ARC, Donau-City-Street 1, 1220 Vienna, Austria
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +43-(0)50550-4305; Fax: +43-(0)50550-4399
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Javanmard M, Talasaz AH, Nemat-Gorgani M, Pease F, Ronaghi M, Davis RW. Electrical detection of protein biomarkers using bioactivated microfluidic channels. LAB ON A CHIP 2009; 9:1429-34. [PMID: 19417910 PMCID: PMC2778468 DOI: 10.1039/b818872f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Current methods used for analyzing biomarkers involve expensive and time consuming techniques like the Sandwich ELISA which require lengthy incubation times, high reagent costs, and bulky optical equipment. We have developed a technique involving the use of a micro-channel with integrated electrodes, functionalized with receptors specific to target biomarkers. We have applied our biochip to the rapid electrical detection and quantification of target protein biomarkers using protein functionalized micro-channels. We successfully demonstrate detection of anti-hCG antibody, at a concentration of 1 ng ml(-1) and a dynamic range of three orders of magnitude, in less than one hour. We envision the use of this technique in a handheld device for multiplex high throughput analysis using an array of micro-channels for probing various protein biomarkers in clinically relevant samples such as human serum for cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Javanmard
- Stanford University Electrical Engineering Department, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, 855 California Ave, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA. ; Fax: +1 650-812-1975; Tel: +1 650-812-2021
| | - Amirali H. Talasaz
- Stanford University Electrical Engineering Department, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, 855 California Ave, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA. ; Fax: +1 650-812-1975; Tel: +1 650-812-2021
| | - Mohsen Nemat-Gorgani
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, 855 California Ave, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA. ; Fax: +1 650-812-1975; Tel: +1 650-812-2021
| | - Fabian Pease
- Stanford University Electrical Engineering Department, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Mostafa Ronaghi
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, 855 California Ave, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA. ; Fax: +1 650-812-1975; Tel: +1 650-812-2021
| | - Ronald W. Davis
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, 855 California Ave, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA. ; Fax: +1 650-812-1975; Tel: +1 650-812-2021
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Koo OK, Liu Y, Shuaib S, Bhattacharya S, Ladisch MR, Bashir R, Bhunia AK. Targeted Capture of Pathogenic Bacteria Using a Mammalian Cell Receptor Coupled with Dielectrophoresis on a Biochip. Anal Chem 2009; 81:3094-101. [DOI: 10.1021/ac9000833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ok Kyung Koo
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, and School of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India, and Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and Weldon School of
| | - YiShao Liu
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, and School of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India, and Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and Weldon School of
| | - Salamat Shuaib
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, and School of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India, and Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and Weldon School of
| | - Shantanu Bhattacharya
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, and School of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India, and Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and Weldon School of
| | - Michael R. Ladisch
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, and School of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India, and Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and Weldon School of
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, and School of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India, and Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and Weldon School of
| | - Arun K. Bhunia
- Molecular Food Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Food Science, and School of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India, and Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, and Weldon School of
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Varshney M, Li Y. Interdigitated array microelectrodes based impedance biosensors for detection of bacterial cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2008; 24:2951-60. [PMID: 19041235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2008] [Revised: 10/02/2008] [Accepted: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Impedance spectroscopy is a sensitive technique to characterize the chemical and physical properties of solid, liquid, and gas phase materials. In recent years this technique has gained widespread use in developing biosensors for monitoring the catalyzed reaction of enzymes; the bio-molecular recognition events of specific proteins, nucleic acids, whole cells, antibodies or antibody-related substances; growth of bacterial cells; or the presence of bacterial cells in the aqueous medium. Interdigitated array microelectrodes (IDAM) have been integrated with impedance detection in order to miniaturize the conventional electrodes, enhance the sensitivity, and use the flexibility of electrode fabrication to suit the conventional electrochemical cell format or microfluidic devices for variety of applications in chemistry and life sciences. This article limits its discussion to IDAM based impedance biosensors for their applications in the detection of bacterial cells. It elaborates on different IDAM geometries their fabrication materials and design parameters, and types of detection techniques. Additionally, the shortcomings of the current techniques and some upcoming trends in this area are also mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhukar Varshney
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Bao N, Wang J, Lu C. Recent advances in electric analysis of cells in microfluidic systems. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:933-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-1899-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2007] [Revised: 01/14/2008] [Accepted: 01/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yamaguchi S, Yabutsuka T, Hibino M, Yao T. Generation of hydroxyapatite patterns by electrophoretic deposition. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2008; 19:1419-24. [PMID: 17914638 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-006-0053-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2006] [Accepted: 11/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) patterns with distinct boundaries were generated by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) utilizing an insulating mask that partially blocks the electric field. For the EPD process, we selected two types of mask: a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) board with holes and a resist pattern. A porous PTFE film, which differed from the mask PTFE, was employed as a substrate and attached to the mask. EPD was performed with a suspension of wollastonite particles in acetone, which were deposited on the substrate in the form of the patterned mask. The deposited wollastonite particles induced HAp patterns during a soak in simulated body fluid (SBF). As a result, minute HAp patterns, such as dots, lines, and corners were fabricated on the porous PTFE substrate with a minimum line width of about 100 microm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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Yang L, Bashir R. Electrical/electrochemical impedance for rapid detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Biotechnol Adv 2008; 26:135-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2007.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 397] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2007] [Revised: 10/04/2007] [Accepted: 10/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bao N, Jagadeesan B, Bhunia AK, Yao Y, Lu C. Quantification of bacterial cells based on autofluorescence on a microfluidic platform. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1181:153-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2007] [Revised: 11/15/2007] [Accepted: 12/18/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Biosensors and bio-based methods for the separation and detection of foodborne pathogens. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2008; 54:1-44. [PMID: 18291303 DOI: 10.1016/s1043-4526(07)00001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The safety of our food supply is always a major concern to consumers, food producers, and regulatory agencies. A safer food supply improves consumer confidence and brings economic stability. The safety of foods from farm-to-fork through the supply chain continuum must be established to protect consumers from debilitating, sometimes fatal episodes of pathogen outbreaks. The implementation of preventive strategies like hazard analysis critical control points (HACCP) assures safety but its full utility will not be realized unless supportive tools are fully developed. Rapid, sensitive, and accurate detection methods are such essential tools that, when integrated with HACCP, will improve safety of products. Traditional microbiological methods are powerful, error-proof, and dependable but these lengthy, cumbersome methods are often ineffective because they are not compatible with the speed at which the products are manufactured and the short shelf life of products. Automation in detection methods is highly desirable, but is not achievable with traditional methods. Therefore, biosensor-based tools offer the most promising solutions and address some of the modern-day needs for fast and sensitive detection of pathogens in real time or near real time. The application of several biosensor tools belonging to the categories of optical, electrochemical, and mass-based tools for detection of foodborne pathogens is reviewed in this chapter. Ironically, geometric growth in biosensor technology is fueled by the imminent threat of bioterrorism through food, water, and air and by the funding through various governmental agencies.
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Javanmard M, Talasaz AH, Nemat-Gorgani M, Pease F, Ronaghi M, Davis RW. Targeted cell detection based on microchannel gating. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2007; 1:44103. [PMID: 19693402 PMCID: PMC2717734 DOI: 10.1063/1.2815760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2007] [Accepted: 10/29/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Currently, microbiological techniques such as culture enrichment and various plating techniques are used for detection of pathogens. These expensive and time consuming methods can take several days. Described below is the design, fabrication, and testing of a rapid and inexpensive sensor, involving the use of microelectrodes in a microchannel, which can be used to detect single bacterial cells electrically (label-free format) in real time. As a proof of principle, we have successfully demonstrated real-time detection of target yeast cells by measuring instantaneous changes in ionic impedance. We have also demonstrated the selectivity of our sensors in responding to target cells while remaining irresponsive to nontarget cells. Using this technique, it can be possible to multiplex an array of these sensors onto a chip and probe a complex mixture for various types of bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Javanmard
- Electrical Engineering Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA and Stanford Genome Technology Center, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
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