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Ward AC, Dubey P, Basnett P, Lika G, Newman G, Corrigan DK, Russell C, Kim J, Chakrabarty S, Connolly P, Roy I. Toward a Closed Loop, Integrated Biocompatible Biopolymer Wound Dressing Patch for Detection and Prevention of Chronic Wound Infections. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:1039. [PMID: 32984295 PMCID: PMC7493637 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic wound infections represent a significant burden to healthcare providers globally. Often, chronic wound healing is impeded by the presence of infection within the wound or wound bed. This can result in an increased healing time, healthcare cost and poor patient outcomes. Thus, there is a need for dressings that help the wound heal, in combination with early detection of wound infections to support prompt treatment. In this study, we demonstrate a novel, biocompatible wound dressing material, based on Polyhydroxyalkanoates, doped with graphene platelets, which can be used as an electrochemical sensing substrate for the detection of a common wound pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Through the detection of the redox active secondary metabolite, pyocyanin, we demonstrate that a dressing can be produced that will detect the presence of pyocyanin across clinically relevant concentrations. Furthermore, we show that this sensor can be used to identify the presence of pyocyanin in a culture of P. aeruginosa. Overall, the sensor substrate presented in this paper represents the first step toward a new dressing with the capacity to promote wound healing, detect the presence of infection and release antimicrobial drugs, on demand, to optimized healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. Ward
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Prachi Dubey
- School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pooja Basnett
- School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Granit Lika
- School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gwenyth Newman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Damion K. Corrigan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jongrae Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Samit Chakrabarty
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Connolly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Ipsita Roy,
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Ivorra-Martinez J, Quiles-Carrillo L, Boronat T, Torres-Giner S, A. Covas J. Assessment of the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Injection-Molded Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)/Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Parts for Use in Bone Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1389. [PMID: 32575881 PMCID: PMC7362193 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) [P(3HB-co-3HHx)] was reinforced with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHA) to produce novel nanocomposites for potential uses in bone reconstruction. Contents of nHA in the 2.5-20 wt % range were incorporated into P(3HB-co-3HHx) by melt compounding and the resulting pellets were shaped into parts by injection molding. The addition of nHA improved the mechanical strength and the thermomechanical resistance of the microbial copolyester parts. In particular, the addition of 20 wt % of nHA increased the tensile (Et) and flexural (Ef) moduli by approximately 64% and 61%, respectively. At the highest contents, however, the nanoparticles tended to agglomerate, and the ductility, toughness, and thermal stability of the parts also declined. The P(3HB-co-3HHx) parts filled with nHA contents of up to 10 wt % matched more closely the mechanical properties of the native bone in terms of strength and ductility when compared with metal alloys and other biopolymers used in bone tissue engineering. This fact, in combination with their biocompatibility, enables the development of nanocomposite parts to be applied as low-stress implantable devices that can promote bone reconstruction and be reabsorbed into the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ivorra-Martinez
- Technological Institute of Materials (ITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain; (J.I.-M.); (L.Q.-C.); (T.B.)
| | - Luis Quiles-Carrillo
- Technological Institute of Materials (ITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain; (J.I.-M.); (L.Q.-C.); (T.B.)
| | - Teodomiro Boronat
- Technological Institute of Materials (ITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain; (J.I.-M.); (L.Q.-C.); (T.B.)
| | - Sergio Torres-Giner
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch 7, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - José A. Covas
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, 4804-533 Guimarães, Portugal
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Elmowafy E, Abdal-Hay A, Skouras A, Tiboni M, Casettari L, Guarino V. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA): applications in drug delivery and tissue engineering. Expert Rev Med Devices 2019; 16:467-482. [PMID: 31058550 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2019.1615439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The applications of naturally obtained polymers are tremendously increased due to them being biocompatible, biodegradable, environmentally friendly and renewable in nature. Among them, polyhydroxyalkanoates are widely studied and they can be utilized in many areas of human life research such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, and other medical applications. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of the polyhydroxyalkanoates biosynthesis and their possible applications in drug delivery in the range of micro- and nano-size. Moreover, the possible applications in tissue engineering are covered considering macro- and microporous scaffolds and extracellular matrix analogs. EXPERT COMMENTARY The majority of synthetic plastics are non-biodegradable so, in the last years, a renewed interest is growing to develop alternative processes to produce biologically derived polymers. Among them, PHAs present good properties such as high immunotolerance, low toxicity, biodegradability, so, they are promisingly using as biomaterials in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas Elmowafy
- a Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Abdalla Abdal-Hay
- b Dentistry and Oral Health School , The University of Queensland , Qld , Australia
| | - Athanasios Skouras
- c Department of Biomolecular Sciences , University of Urbino , Urbino (PU) , Italy.,d Department of Life Sciences , School of Sciences, European University Cyprus , Nicosia , Cyprus
| | - Mattia Tiboni
- c Department of Biomolecular Sciences , University of Urbino , Urbino (PU) , Italy
| | - Luca Casettari
- c Department of Biomolecular Sciences , University of Urbino , Urbino (PU) , Italy
| | - Vincenzo Guarino
- e Institute of Polymers, composites and Biomaterials , National Research Council of Italy , Naples , Italy
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Singh AK, Srivastava JK, Chandel AK, Sharma L, Mallick N, Singh SP. Biomedical applications of microbially engineered polyhydroxyalkanoates: an insight into recent advances, bottlenecks, and solutions. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:2007-2032. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-09604-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Constantinides C, Basnett P, Lukasiewicz B, Carnicer R, Swider E, Majid QA, Srinivas M, Carr CA, Roy I. In Vivo Tracking and 1H/ 19F Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Biodegradable Polyhydroxyalkanoate/Polycaprolactone Blend Scaffolds Seeded with Labeled Cardiac Stem Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:25056-25068. [PMID: 29965724 PMCID: PMC6338235 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Medium-chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates (MCL-PHAs) have demonstrated exceptional properties for cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) applications. Despite prior work on MCL-PHA/polycaprolactone (PCL) blends, optimal scaffold production and use as an alternative delivery route for controlled release of seeded cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) in CTE applications in vivo has been lacking. We present herein applicability of MCL-PHA/PCL (95/5 wt %) blends fabricated as thin films with an improved performance compared to the neat MCL-PHA. Polymer characterization confirmed the chemical structure and composition of the synthesized scaffolds, while thermal, wettability, and mechanical properties were also investigated and compared in neat and porous counterparts. In vitro cytocompatibility studies were performed using perfluorocrown-ether-nanoparticle-labeled murine CPCs and studied using confocal microscopy and 19F magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Seeded scaffolds were implanted and studied in the postmortem murine heart in situ and in two additional C57BL/6 mice in vivo (using single-layered and double-layered scaffolds) and imaged immediately after and at 7 days postimplantation. Superior MCL-PHA/PCL scaffold performance has been demonstrated compared to MCL-PHA through experimental comparisons of (a) morphological data using scanning electron microscopy and (b) contact angle measurements attesting to improved CPC adhesion, (c) in vitro confocal microscopy showing increased SC proliferative capacity, and (d) mechanical testing that elicited good overall responses. In vitro MRI results justify the increased seeding density, increased in vitro MRI signal, and improved MRI visibility in vivo, in the double-layered compared to the single-layered scaffolds. Histological evaluations [bright-field, cytoplasmic (Atto647) and nuclear (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) stains] performed in conjunction with confocal microscopy imaging attest to CPC binding within the scaffold, subsequent release and migration to the neighboring myocardium, and increased retention in the murine myocardium in the case of the double-layered scaffold. Thus, MCL-PHA/PCL blends possess tremendous potential for controlled delivery of CPCs and for maximizing possible regeneration in myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christakis Constantinides
- Radcliffe Department
of Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Department
of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of
Oxford, Roosevelt Drive,
Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K.
| | - Pooja Basnett
- Applied Biotechnology
Research Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, U.K.
| | - Barbara Lukasiewicz
- Applied Biotechnology
Research Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, U.K.
| | - Ricardo Carnicer
- Radcliffe Department
of Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Department
of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of
Oxford, Roosevelt Drive,
Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K.
| | - Edyta Swider
- Radboud University
Medical Center (Radboud UMC), Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), 278, P.O. Box 9101, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Qasim A. Majid
- Department
of Myocardial Function, National Heart and
Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, U.K.
| | - Mangala Srinivas
- Radboud University
Medical Center (Radboud UMC), Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), 278, P.O. Box 9101, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carolyn A. Carr
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, U.K.
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Applied Biotechnology
Research Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, U.K.
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Ashby RD, Solaiman DK. Sophorolipid-induced dimpling and increased porosity in solvent-cast short-chain polyhydroxyalkanoate films: Impact on thermomechanical properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard D. Ashby
- U. S. Department of Agriculture; Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service; Wyndmoor Pennsylvania 19038
| | - Daniel K.Y. Solaiman
- U. S. Department of Agriculture; Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service; Wyndmoor Pennsylvania 19038
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Bye FJ, Bissoli J, Black L, Bullock AJ, Puwanun S, Moharamzadeh K, Reilly GC, Ryan AJ, MacNeil S. Development of bilayer and trilayer nanofibrous/microfibrous scaffolds for regenerative medicine. Biomater Sci 2013; 1:942-951. [DOI: 10.1039/c3bm60074b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Brigham CJ, Reimer EN, Rha C, Sinskey AJ. Examination of PHB Depolymerases in Ralstonia eutropha: Further Elucidation of the Roles of Enzymes in PHB Homeostasis. AMB Express 2012; 2:26. [PMID: 22537946 PMCID: PMC3430594 DOI: 10.1186/2191-0855-2-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable polymers that are attractive materials for use in tissue engineering and medical device manufacturing. Ralstonia eutropha is regarded as the model organism for PHA biosynthesis. We examined the effects of PHA depolymerase (PhaZ) expression on PHA homeostasis in R. eutropha strains. In order to analyze the impact of PhaZs on R. eutropha granule architecture, we performed electron microscopy on several phaZ knockout strains and the wild type strain grown under PHA production conditions. Analysis of the acquired micrographs was based on stereology: the ratio of granule area and cell area was determined, along with total granule count per full-size cell image. Cells bearing a phaZ2 knockout mutation alone or in conjunction with a phaZ1 mutation were found to have a high granule volume per cell volume and a higher granule count compared to wild type. A phaZ quadruple knockout strain appeared to have a low granule volume per cell volume and a low granule count per cell. Cells bearing a phaZ3 knockout were found to have a higher granule count than the wild type, whereas granule volume per cell volume was similar. Accordingly, we hypothesize that PhaZs have not only an impact on PHA degradation but also on the 3-dimensional granule architecture. Based on our data, PhaZ2 is postulated to affect granule density. This work increased our knowledge about PHA depolymerases in R. eutropha, including enzymes that had previously been uncharacterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Brigham
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | - ChoKyun Rha
- Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Anthony J Sinskey
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Division of Health Sciences Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Engineering Systems Division, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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Brigham CJ, Zhila N, Shishatskaya E, Volova TG, Sinskey AJ. Manipulation of Ralstonia eutropha carbon storage pathways to produce useful bio-based products. Subcell Biochem 2012; 64:343-366. [PMID: 23080259 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-5055-5_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Ralstonia eutrophais a Gram-negative betaproteobacterium found natively in soils that can utilize a wide array of carbon sources for growth, and can store carbon intracellularly in the form of polyhydroxyalkanoate. Many aspects of R. eutrophamake it a good candidate for use in biotechnological production of polyhydroxyalkanoate and other bio-based, value added compounds. Manipulation of the organism's carbon flux is a cornerstone to success in developing it as a biotechnologically relevant organism. Here, we examine the methods of controlling and adapting the flow of carbon in R. eutrophametabolism and the wide range of compounds that can be synthesized as a result. The presence of many different carbon utilization pathways and the custom genetic toolkit for manipulation of those pathways gives R. eutrophaa versatility that allows it to be a biotechnologically important organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Brigham
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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Piddubnyak V, Kurcok P, Matuszowicz A, Głowala M, Fiszer-Kierzkowska A, Jedliński Z, Juzwa M, Krawczyk Z. Oligo-3-hydroxybutyrates as potential carriers for drug delivery. Biomaterials 2004; 25:5271-9. [PMID: 15110478 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2003] [Accepted: 12/07/2003] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper we describe the synthesis and toxicity studies of well-defined tailor made oligo-[R,S]-3-hydroxybutyrates (OHBs). The results indicate potential applicability of these nano-polymers as drug delivery carriers. Several OHBs of number average molecular weight (M(n)) ranging from 800 to 2400 have been synthesized and tested on transformed hamster V79 fibroblasts and murine melanoma B16(F10) cells using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) based drug resistance and clonogenic survival assays. We show that 96-h incubation of cells with 1-9 microg/ml of OHBs did not affect cell viability. Incubation of OHBs with rat hepatoma FTO-2B cells stably transfected with chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene ligated to heat-inducible hsp70i gene promoter demonstrated that OHBs did not induce cellular stress response. Finally, we demonstrate that doxorubicin conjugated with OHB is effectively taken up by murine melanoma B16(F10) cells in vitro and localizes in the cytoplasm. These data show for the first time that tailor-made biodegradable and biocompatible oligomers of 3-hydroxybutyric acid can be taken into consideration as effective, non-toxic vectors for delivery of drugs in a conjugated form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Piddubnyak
- Department of Tumor Biology, Maria Skl?odowska-Curie Memorial Institute, Centre of Oncology, Branch Gliwice, Armii Krajowej 15, Gliwice 44-101, Poland
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