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Aguiar VCPF, Bezerra RDN, Dos Santos KW, Gonçalves IDS, Costa KJSG, Lauda DP, Campos TMB, do Prado RF, de Vasconcellos LMR, de Oliveira IR. Development and characterization of ceramic-polymeric hybrid scaffolds for bone regeneration: incorporating of bioactive glass BG-58S into PDLLA matrix. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38569077 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2334981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a notable surge of interest in hybrid materials within the biomedical field, particularly for applications in bone repair and regeneration. Ceramic-polymeric hybrid scaffolds have shown promising outcomes. This study aimed to synthesize bioactive glass (BG-58S) for integration into a bioresorbable polymeric matrix based on PDLLA, aiming to create a bioactive scaffold featuring stable pH levels. The synthesis involved a thermally induced phase separation process followed by lyophilization to ensure an appropriate porous structure. BG-58S characterization revealed vitreous, bioactive, and mesoporous structural properties. The scaffolds were analyzed for morphology, interconnectivity, chemical groups, porosity and pore size distribution, zeta potential, pH, in vitro degradation, as well as cell viability tests, total protein content and mineralization nodule production. The PDLLA scaffold displayed a homogeneous morphology with interconnected macropores, while the hybrid scaffold exhibited a heterogeneous morphology with smaller diameter pores due to BG-58S filling. The hybrid scaffold also demonstrated a pH buffering effect on the polymer surface. In addition to structural characteristics, degradation tests indicated that by incorporating BG-58S modified the acidic degradation of the polymer, allowing for increased total protein production and the formation of mineralization nodules, indicating a positive influence on cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Cristina Pêgo Fiebig Aguiar
- Characterization and Processing Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Institute for Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Kennedy Wallace Dos Santos
- Characterization and Processing Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Institute for Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo, Brazil
- Selaz - Industry and Commercialization of Biomechanical Devices, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabela Dos Santos Gonçalves
- Characterization and Processing Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Institute for Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Diogo Ponte Lauda
- Selaz - Industry and Commercialization of Biomechanical Devices, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos
- Laboratório de Plasma e Processos, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica. Laboratório, São José dos Campos. Praça Marechal Eduardo Gomes, CEP, Brasil
| | - Renata Falchete do Prado
- Institute of Science and Technology, Paulista State University, Francisco José Longo, São José dos Campos, SP, CEP, Brazil
| | | | - Ivone Regina de Oliveira
- Characterization and Processing Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Institute for Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Silva AV, Gomes DDS, Victor RDS, Santana LNDL, Neves GA, Menezes RR. Influence of Strontium on the Biological Behavior of Bioactive Glasses for Bone Regeneration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7654. [PMID: 38138796 PMCID: PMC10744628 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BGs) can potentially be applied in biomedicine, mainly for bone repair and replacement, given their unique ability to connect to natural bone tissue and stimulate bone regeneration. Since their discovery, several glass compositions have been developed to improve the properties and clinical abilities of traditional bioactive glass. Different inorganic ions, such as strontium (Sr2+), have been incorporated in BG due to their ability to perform therapeutic functions. Sr2+ has been gaining prominence due to its ability to stimulate osteogenesis, providing an appropriate environment to improve bone regeneration, in addition to its antibacterial potential. However, as there are still points in the literature that are not well consolidated, such as the influence of ionic concentrations and the BG production technique, this review aims to collect information on the state of the art of the biological behavior of BGs containing Sr2+. It also aims to gather data on different types of BGs doped with different concentrations of Sr2+, and to highlight the manufacturing techniques used in order to analyze the influence of the incorporation of this ion for bone regeneration purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Vieira Silva
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Materials Technology (LTM), Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil; (R.d.S.V.); (L.N.d.L.S.); (G.A.N.)
| | - Déborah dos Santos Gomes
- Laboratory of Materials Technology (LTM), Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil; (R.d.S.V.); (L.N.d.L.S.); (G.A.N.)
| | - Rayssa de Sousa Victor
- Laboratory of Materials Technology (LTM), Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil; (R.d.S.V.); (L.N.d.L.S.); (G.A.N.)
| | - Lisiane Navarro de Lima Santana
- Laboratory of Materials Technology (LTM), Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil; (R.d.S.V.); (L.N.d.L.S.); (G.A.N.)
| | - Gelmires Araújo Neves
- Laboratory of Materials Technology (LTM), Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil; (R.d.S.V.); (L.N.d.L.S.); (G.A.N.)
| | - Romualdo Rodrigues Menezes
- Laboratory of Materials Technology (LTM), Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil; (R.d.S.V.); (L.N.d.L.S.); (G.A.N.)
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dos Santos Gomes D, de Sousa Victor R, de Sousa BV, de Araújo Neves G, de Lima Santana LN, Menezes RR. Ceramic Nanofiber Materials for Wound Healing and Bone Regeneration: A Brief Review. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15113909. [PMID: 35683207 PMCID: PMC9182284 DOI: 10.3390/ma15113909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ceramic nanofibers have been shown to be a new horizon of research in the biomedical area, due to their differentiated morphology, nanoroughness, nanotopography, wettability, bioactivity, and chemical functionalization properties. Therefore, considering the impact caused by the use of these nanofibers, and the fact that there are still limited data available in the literature addressing the ceramic nanofiber application in regenerative medicine, this review article aims to gather the state-of-the-art research concerning these materials, for potential use as a biomaterial for wound healing and bone regeneration, and to analyze their characteristics when considering their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Déborah dos Santos Gomes
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil; (G.d.A.N.); (L.N.d.L.S.)
- Laboratory of Materials Technology, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: (D.d.S.G.); (R.d.S.V.); (R.R.M.); Tel.: +55-083-2101-1183 (R.R.M.)
| | - Rayssa de Sousa Victor
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil; (G.d.A.N.); (L.N.d.L.S.)
- Laboratory of Materials Technology, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: (D.d.S.G.); (R.d.S.V.); (R.R.M.); Tel.: +55-083-2101-1183 (R.R.M.)
| | - Bianca Viana de Sousa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil;
| | - Gelmires de Araújo Neves
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil; (G.d.A.N.); (L.N.d.L.S.)
| | - Lisiane Navarro de Lima Santana
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil; (G.d.A.N.); (L.N.d.L.S.)
| | - Romualdo Rodrigues Menezes
- Laboratory of Materials Technology, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: (D.d.S.G.); (R.d.S.V.); (R.R.M.); Tel.: +55-083-2101-1183 (R.R.M.)
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Tian Y, Liang K, Ji Y. Fabrication of poly (1, 8-octanediol-co-Pluronic F127 citrate)/chitin nanofibril/bioactive glass (POFC/ChiNF/BG) porous scaffold via directional-freeze-casting. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2019-0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The citrate-based thermoset elastomer is a promising candidate for bone scaffold material, but the harsh curing condition made it difficult to fabricate porous structure. Recently, poly (1, 8-octanediol-co-Pluronic F127 citrate) (POFC) porous scaffold was creatively fabricated by chitin nanofibrils (ChiNFs) supported emulsion-freeze-casting. Thanks to the supporting role of ChiNFs, the lamellar pore structure formed by directional freeze-drying was maintained during the subsequent thermocuring. Herein, bioactive glass (BG) was introduced into the POFC porous scaffolds to improve bioactivity. It was found the complete replacement of ChiNF particles with BG particles could not form a stable porous structure; however, existing at least 15 wt% ChiNF could ensure the formation of lamellar pore, and the interlamellar distance increased with BG ratios. Thus, the BG granules did not contribute to the formation of pore structure like ChiNFs, however, they surely endowed the scaffolds with enhanced mechanical properties, improved osteogenesis bioactivity, better cytocompatibility as well as quick degradation rate. Reasonably adjusting BG ratios could balance the requirements of porous structure and bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials , College of Materials Science and Engineering , Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road , Shanghai , 201620, PR China
| | - Kai Liang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology , Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road , Shanghai , 201620, PR China
| | - Yali Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials , College of Materials Science and Engineering , Donghua University , 2999 North Renmin Road , Shanghai , 201620, PR China
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Canales D, Saavedra M, Flores MT, Bejarano J, Ortiz JA, Orihuela P, Alfaro A, Pabón E, Palza H, Zapata PA. Effect of bioglass nanoparticles on the properties and bioactivity of poly(lactic acid) films. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:2032-2043. [PMID: 32333463 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bioglass nanoparticles (n-BGs, 54SiO2 :40CaO:6P2 O5 mol %) with about 27 nm diameter were synthesized by the sol-gel method and incorporated into a poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix by the melting process in order to obtain nanocomposites with filler contents of 5, 10, and 25 wt %. Our results showed that during the cooling scan, the crystallization temperature (Tc ) of the PLA/n-BG nanocomposites decreased 13°C as compared to neat PLA. The presence of nanoparticles also decreased the thermal stability of the PLA matrix, as nanocomposites presented up to about 20°C lower degradation temperatures in a nitrogen atmosphere. The presence of n-BG increased the stiffness of the polymer matrix, and for instance the composite with 25 wt % of filler presented about 52.6% higher Young's modulus than neat PLA. n-BG incorporation into PLA increased also the hydrolytic degradation of the polymer over time. When the PLA composites were immersed in simulated body fluid, an apatite layer was formed on their surface, as verified by Fourier transform infrared, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy-EDS, showing that the presence of n-BG induced bioactivity on the PLA matrix. Moreover, the viability of cervical uterine adenocarcinoma cells was higher on PLA/n-BG nanocomposite with 25 wt % of filler. The presence of n-BG barely gave an antibacterial effect on the polymer matrix, despite the well-known biocidal properties of these nanoparticles. Our results show that the presence of n-BGs is a proper route for improving the bioactivity of PLA with potential application in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Canales
- Grupo Polímeros, Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Saavedra
- Grupo Polímeros, Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maria T Flores
- Grupo Polímeros, Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Julián Bejarano
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Andrés Ortiz
- Grupo Polímeros, Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Orihuela
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Aline Alfaro
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y Nanotecnología (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elizabeth Pabón
- Grupo de Investigación Ciencias de Materiales Avanzados. Escuela de Química Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Humberto Palza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula A Zapata
- Grupo Polímeros, Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Chitosan based polymer/bioglass composites for tissue engineering applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 96:955-967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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7
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Rizwan M, Hamdi M, Basirun WJ. Bioglass® 45S5-based composites for bone tissue engineering and functional applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:3197-3223. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Rizwan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering; Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology; Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | - M. Hamdi
- Center of Advanced Manufacturing and Material Processing, University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia
| | - W. J. Basirun
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science, University of Malaya; Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia
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Kashte S, Jaiswal AK, Kadam S. Artificial Bone via Bone Tissue Engineering: Current Scenario and Challenges. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 14:1-14. [PMID: 30603457 PMCID: PMC6171575 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-016-0001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone provides mechanical support, and flexibility to the body as a structural frame work along with mineral storage, homeostasis, and blood pH regulation. The repair and/or replacement of injured or defective bone with healthy bone or bone substitute is a critical problem in orthopedic treatment. Recent advances in tissue engineering have shown promising results in developing bone material capable of substituting the conventional autogenic or allogenic bone transplants. In the present review, we have discussed natural and synthetic scaffold materials such as metal and metal alloys, ceramics, polymers, etc. which are widely being used along with their cellular counterparts such as stem cells in bone tissue engineering with their pros and cons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaji Kashte
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Girinagar, Pune, MS 411025 India
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil University, Kolhapur, 416006 India
| | - Amit Kumar Jaiswal
- Center for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, VIT University, Vellore, 632104 India
| | - Sachin Kadam
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research, D. Y. Patil University, Kolhapur, 416006 India
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Tajbakhsh S, Hajiali F. A comprehensive study on the fabrication and properties of biocomposites of poly(lactic acid)/ceramics for bone tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 70:897-912. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Murariu M, Dubois P. PLA composites: From production to properties. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 107:17-46. [PMID: 27085468 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) or polylactide (PLA), a biodegradable polyester produced from renewable resources, is used for various applications (biomedical, packaging, textile fibers and technical items). Due to its inherent properties, PLA has a key-position in the market of biopolymers, being one of the most promising candidates for further developments. Unfortunately, PLA suffers from some shortcomings, whereas for the different applications specific end-use properties are required. Therefore, the addition of reinforcing fibers, micro- and/or nanofillers, and selected additives within PLA matrix is considered as a powerful method for obtaining specific end-use characteristics and major improvements of properties. This review highlights recent developments, current results and trends in the field of composites based on PLA. It presents the main advances in PLA properties and reports selected results in relation to the preparation and characterization of the most representative PLA composites. To illustrate the possibility to design the properties of composites, a section is devoted to the production and characterization of innovative PLA-based products filled with thermally-treated calcium sulfate, a by-product from the lactic acid production process. Moreover, are emphasized the last tendencies strongly evidenced in the case of PLA, i.e., the high interest to diversify its uses by moving from biomedical and packaging (biodegradation properties, "disposables") to technical applications ("durables").
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Murariu
- Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials (LPCM), University of Mons & Materia Nova Research Centre, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Philippe Dubois
- Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials (LPCM), University of Mons & Materia Nova Research Centre, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
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In vitro study of a new biodegradable nanocomposite based on poly propylene fumarate as bone glue. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 69:1201-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Jakus AE, Rutz AL, Jordan SW, Kannan A, Mitchell SM, Yun C, Koube KD, Yoo SC, Whiteley HE, Richter CP, Galiano RD, Hsu WK, Stock SR, Hsu EL, Shah RN. Hyperelastic “bone”: A highly versatile, growth factor–free, osteoregenerative, scalable, and surgically friendly biomaterial. Sci Transl Med 2016; 8:358ra127. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf7704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Sharif F, Ur Rehman I, Muhammad N, MacNeil S. Dental materials for cleft palate repair. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 61:1018-28. [PMID: 26838929 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Numerous bone and soft tissue grafting techniques are followed to repair cleft of lip and palate (CLP) defects. In addition to the gold standard surgical interventions involving the use of autogenous grafts, various allogenic and xenogenic graft materials are available for bone regeneration. In an attempt to discover minimally invasive and cost effective treatments for cleft repair, an exceptional growth in synthetic biomedical graft materials have occurred. This study gives an overview of the use of dental materials to repair cleft of lip and palate (CLP). The eligibility criteria for this review were case studies, clinical trials and retrospective studies on the use of various types of dental materials in surgical repair of cleft palate defects. Any data available on the surgical interventions to repair alveolar or palatal cleft, with natural or synthetic graft materials was included in this review. Those datasets with long term clinical follow-up results were referred to as particularly relevant. The results provide encouraging evidence in favor of dental and other related biomedical materials to fill the gaps in clefts of lip and palate. The review presents the various bones and soft tissue replacement strategies currently used, tested or explored for the repair of cleft defects. There was little available data on the use of synthetic materials in cleft repair which was a limitation of this study. In conclusion although clinical trials on the use of synthetic materials are currently underway the uses of autologous implants are the preferred treatment methods to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Sharif
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Broad Lane, Sheffield, UK; Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Ihtesham Ur Rehman
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Broad Lane, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nawshad Muhammad
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Sheila MacNeil
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Broad Lane, Sheffield, UK
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Bioactive glass reinforced elastomer composites for skeletal regeneration: A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 53:175-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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15
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Haaparanta AM, Uppstu P, Hannula M, Ellä V, Rosling A, Kellomäki M. Improved dimensional stability with bioactive glass fibre skeleton in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) porous scaffolds for tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 56:457-66. [PMID: 26249615 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering requires highly porous three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds with preferable osteoconductive properties, controlled degradation, and good dimensional stability. In this study, highly porous 3D poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) - bioactive glass (BG) composites (PLGA/BG) were manufactured by combining highly porous 3D fibrous BG mesh skeleton with porous PLGA in a freeze-drying process. The 3D structure of the scaffolds was investigated as well as in vitro hydrolytic degradation for 10weeks. The effect of BG on the dimensional stability, scaffold composition, pore structure, and degradation behaviour of the scaffolds was evaluated. The composites showed superior pore structure as the BG fibres inhibited shrinkage of the scaffolds. The BG was also shown to buffer the acidic degradation products of PLGA. These results demonstrate the potential of these PLGA/BG composites for bone tissue engineering, but the ability of this kind of PLGA/BG composites to promote bone regeneration will be studied in forthcoming in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Haaparanta
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology, Biokatu 10, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Peter Uppstu
- Laboratory of Polymer Technology, Centre of Excellence in Functional Materials at Biological Interfaces, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, 20500 Åbo, Finland.
| | - Markus Hannula
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology, Biokatu 10, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Ville Ellä
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology, Biokatu 10, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Ari Rosling
- Laboratory of Polymer Technology, Centre of Excellence in Functional Materials at Biological Interfaces, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, 20500 Åbo, Finland.
| | - Minna Kellomäki
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 3, 33720 Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology, Biokatu 10, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
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Ambre AH, Katti DR, Katti KS. Biomineralized hydroxyapatite nanoclay composite scaffolds with polycaprolactone for stem cell-based bone tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:2077-101. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Avinash H. Ambre
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; North Dakota State University; Fargo North Dakota 58105
| | - Dinesh R. Katti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; North Dakota State University; Fargo North Dakota 58105
| | - Kalpana S. Katti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; North Dakota State University; Fargo North Dakota 58105
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17
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Thavornyutikarn B, Chantarapanich N, Sitthiseripratip K, Thouas GA, Chen Q. Bone tissue engineering scaffolding: computer-aided scaffolding techniques. Prog Biomater 2014; 3:61-102. [PMID: 26798575 PMCID: PMC4709372 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-014-0026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is essentially a technique for imitating nature. Natural tissues consist of three components: cells, signalling systems (e.g. growth factors) and extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM forms a scaffold for its cells. Hence, the engineered tissue construct is an artificial scaffold populated with living cells and signalling molecules. A huge effort has been invested in bone tissue engineering, in which a highly porous scaffold plays a critical role in guiding bone and vascular tissue growth and regeneration in three dimensions. In the last two decades, numerous scaffolding techniques have been developed to fabricate highly interconnective, porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. This review provides an update on the progress of foaming technology of biomaterials, with a special attention being focused on computer-aided manufacturing (Andrade et al. 2002) techniques. This article starts with a brief introduction of tissue engineering (Bone tissue engineering and scaffolds) and scaffolding materials (Biomaterials used in bone tissue engineering). After a brief reviews on conventional scaffolding techniques (Conventional scaffolding techniques), a number of CAM techniques are reviewed in great detail. For each technique, the structure and mechanical integrity of fabricated scaffolds are discussed in detail. Finally, the advantaged and disadvantage of these techniques are compared (Comparison of scaffolding techniques) and summarised (Summary).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nattapon Chantarapanich
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering at Si Racha, Kasetsart University, 199 Sukhumvit Road, Si Racha, Chonburi 20230 Thailand
| | - Kriskrai Sitthiseripratip
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), 114 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120 Thailand
| | - George A. Thouas
- Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Qizhi Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
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18
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Akbarzadeh R, Yousefi AM. Effects of processing parameters in thermally induced phase separation technique on porous architecture of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2014; 102:1304-15. [PMID: 24425207 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering makes use of 3D scaffolds to sustain three-dimensional growth of cells and guide new tissue formation. To meet the multiple requirements for regeneration of biological tissues and organs, a wide range of scaffold fabrication techniques have been developed, aiming to produce porous constructs with the desired pore size range and pore morphology. Among different scaffold fabrication techniques, thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) method has been widely used in recent years because of its potential to produce highly porous scaffolds with interconnected pore morphology. The scaffold architecture can be closely controlled by adjusting the process parameters, including polymer type and concentration, solvent composition, quenching temperature and time, coarsening process, and incorporation of inorganic particles. The objective of this review is to provide information pertaining to the effect of these parameters on the architecture and properties of the scaffolds fabricated by the TIPS technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Akbarzadeh
- Department of Chemical Paper and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, 45056
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19
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Tammaro L, Vittoria V, Wyrwa R, Weisser J, Beer B, Thein S, Schnabelrauch M. Fabrication and characterization of electrospun polylactide/β-tricalcium phosphate hybrid meshes for potential applications in hard tissue repair. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/bnm-2014-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Bioactive Glass: Chronology, Characterization, and Genetic Control of Tissue Regeneration. SPRINGER SERIES IN BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-53980-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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21
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Persson M, Lorite GS, Cho SW, Tuukkanen J, Skrifvars M. Melt spinning of poly(lactic acid) and hydroxyapatite composite fibers: influence of the filler content on the fiber properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:6864-6872. [PMID: 23848437 DOI: 10.1021/am401895f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Composite fibers from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) particles were prepared using melt spinning. Different loading concentrations of HA particles (i.e., 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt %) in the PLA fibers and solid-state draw ratios (SSDRs) were evaluated in order to investigate their influence on the fibers' morphology and thermal and mechanical properties. A scanning electron microscopy investigation indicated that the HA particles were homogeneously distributed in the PLA fibers. It was also revealed by atomic force microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy that HA particles were located on the fiber surface, which is of importance for their intended application in biomedical textiles. Our results also suggest that the mechanical properties were independent of the loading concentration of the HA particles and that the SSDR played an important role in improving the mechanical properties of the composite fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Persson
- School of Engineering, University of Borås, SE-501 90 Borås, Sweden
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22
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Kaur G, Pandey O, Singh K, Homa D, Scott B, Pickrell G. A review of bioactive glasses: Their structure, properties, fabrication and apatite formation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:254-74. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gurbinder Kaur
- Department of Material Science and Engineering; Holden Hall, Virginia Tech; Blacksburg-24060 Virginia USA
| | - O.P. Pandey
- School of Physics and Materials Science; Thapar University; Patiala-147004, Punjab India
| | - K. Singh
- School of Physics and Materials Science; Thapar University; Patiala-147004, Punjab India
| | - Dan Homa
- Department of Material Science and Engineering; Holden Hall, Virginia Tech; Blacksburg-24060 Virginia USA
| | - Brian Scott
- Department of Material Science and Engineering; Holden Hall, Virginia Tech; Blacksburg-24060 Virginia USA
| | - Gary Pickrell
- Department of Material Science and Engineering; Holden Hall, Virginia Tech; Blacksburg-24060 Virginia USA
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23
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Liu Y, Lim J, Teoh SH. Review: development of clinically relevant scaffolds for vascularised bone tissue engineering. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 31:688-705. [PMID: 23142624 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2012] [Revised: 10/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Clinical translation of scaffold-based bone tissue engineering (BTE) therapy still faces many challenges despite intense investigations and advancement over the years. To address these clinical barriers, it is important to analyse the current technical challenges in constructing a clinically relevant scaffold and subsequent clinical issues relating to bone repair. This review highlights the key challenges hampering widespread clinical translation of scaffold-based vascularised BTE, with a focus on the repair of large non-union defects. The main limitations of current scaffolds include the lack of sufficient vascularisation, insufficient mechanical strength as well as issues relating to the osseointegration of the bioresorbable scaffold and bone infection management. Critical insights on the current trends of scaffold technologies and future directions for advancing next-generation BTE scaffolds into the clinical realm are discussed. Considerations concerning regulatory approval and the route towards commercialisation of the scaffolds for widespread clinical utility will also be introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Liu
- Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, 70 Nanyang Drive, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
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25
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Varila L, Lehtonen T, Tuominen J, Hupa M, Hupa L. In vitro behaviour of three biocompatible glasses in composite implants. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2012; 23:2425-2435. [PMID: 22669284 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-012-4693-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Poly(L,DL-lactide) composites containing filler particles of bioactive glasses 45S5 and S53P4 were compared with a composite containing a slowly dissolving glass S68. The in vitro reactivity of the composites was studied in simulated body fluid, Tris-buffered solution, and phosphate buffered saline. The high processing temperature induced thermal degradation giving cavities in the composites containing 45S5 and S53P4, while good adhesion of S68 to the polymer was observed. The cavities partly affected the in vitro reactivity of the composites. The degradation of the composites containing the bioactive glasses was faster in phosphate buffered saline than in the two other solutions. Hydroxyapatite precipitation suggesting bone tissue bonding capability was observed on these two composites in all three solutions. The slower dissolution of S68 glass particles and the limited hydroxyapatite precipitation suggested that this glass has potential as a reinforcing composition with the capability to guide bone tissue growth in biodegradable polymer composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Varila
- Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland
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26
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Chen Q, Zhu C, Thouas GA. Progress and challenges in biomaterials used for bone tissue engineering: bioactive glasses and elastomeric composites. Prog Biomater 2012; 1:2. [PMID: 29470743 PMCID: PMC5120665 DOI: 10.1186/2194-0517-1-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Driven by the increasing economic burden associated with bone injury and disease, biomaterial development for bone repair represents the most active research area in the field of tissue engineering. This article provides an update on recent advances in the development of bioactive biomaterials for bone regeneration. Special attention is paid to the recent developments of sintered Na-containing bioactive glasses, borate-based bioactive glasses, those doped with trace elements (such as Cu, Zn, and Sr), and novel elastomeric composites. Although bioactive glasses are not new to bone tissue engineering, their tunable mechanical properties, biodegradation rates, and ability to support bone and vascular tissue regeneration, as well as osteoblast differentiation from stem and progenitor cells, are superior to other bioceramics. Recent progresses on the development of borate bioactive glasses and trace element-doped bioactive glasses expand the repertoire of bioactive glasses. Although boride and other trace elements have beneficial effects on bone remodeling and/or associated angiogenesis, the risk of toxicity at high levels must be highly regarded in the design of new composition of bioactive biomaterials so that the release of these elements must be satisfactorily lower than their biologically safe levels. Elastomeric composites are superior to the more commonly used thermoplastic-matrix composites, owing to the well-defined elastic properties of elastomers which are ideal for the replacement of collagen, a key elastic protein within the bone tissue. Artificial bone matrix made from elastomeric composites can, therefore, offer both sound mechanical integrity and flexibility in the dynamic environment of injured bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhi Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - Chenghao Zhu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800 Australia
| | - George A Thouas
- Department of Zoology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010 Australia
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27
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García-García JM, Garrido L, Quijada-Garrido I, Kaschta J, Schubert DW, Boccaccini AR. Novel poly(hydroxyalkanoates)-based composites containing Bioglass® and calcium sulfate for bone tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2012; 7:054105. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/7/5/054105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Zhou Z, Yi Q, Liu L, Zhao Y, Zeng W, Ou B, Liu Q, Liu X. Morphological and Functional Expression of Fibroblast on Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)/β-Tricalcium Phosphate/Nature Bone. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2011.610064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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29
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Ratanajiajaroen P, Ohshima M. Synthesis, release ability and bioactivity evaluation of chitin beads incorporated with curcumin for drug delivery applications. J Microencapsul 2012; 29:549-58. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2012.668954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Ratanajiajaroen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus,
Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - M. Ohshima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus,
Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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30
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Riccio M, Maraldi T, Pisciotta A, La Sala GB, Ferrari A, Bruzzesi G, Motta A, Migliaresi C, De Pol A. Fibroin scaffold repairs critical-size bone defects in vivo supported by human amniotic fluid and dental pulp stem cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 18:1006-13. [PMID: 22166080 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The main aim of this study was the comparative evaluation of fibroin scaffolds combined with human stem cells, such as dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs), used to repair critical-size cranial bone defects in immunocompromised rats. Two symmetric full-thickness cranial defects on each parietal region of rats have been replenished with silk fibroin scaffolds with or without preseeded stem cells addressed toward osteogenic lineage in vitro. Animals were euthanized after 4 weeks postoperatively and cranial tissue samples were taken for histological analysis. The presence of human cells in the new-formed bone was confirmed by confocal analysis with an antibody directed to a human mitochondrial protein. Fibroin scaffolds induced mature bone formation and defect correction, with higher bone amount produced by hAFSC-seeded scaffolds. Our findings demonstrated the strong potential of stem cells/fibroin bioengineered constructs for correcting large cranial defects in animal model and is likely a promising approach for the reconstruction of human large skeletal defects in craniofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Riccio
- CEIA-Department of Laboratories, Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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31
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Jang TS, Lee EJ, Jo JH, Jeon JM, Kim MY, Kim HE, Koh YH. Fibrous membrane of nano-hybrid poly-L-lactic acid/silica xerogel for guided bone regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2011; 100:321-30. [PMID: 22102608 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Nanofibrous membranes, consisting of a poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)-silica xerogel hybrid material, were successfully fabricated from a hybrid sol using the electrospinning technique for guided bone regeneration (GBR) application. These hybrid nanofibers exhibited a homogeneous and continuous morphology, with a nano-sized dispersed silica xerogel phase in the PLLA fiber matrix. The mechanical properties, such as the tensile strength and the elastic modulus, were improved as the silica xerogel content increased up to 40%. All of the hybrid membranes exhibited highly hydrophilic surfaces and good proliferation levels. After culturing for 13 days, the cells that were cultured on the hybrid membranes exhibited a significantly higher ALP activity compared to the pure PLLA membrane. Moreover, the in vivo animal experiments that used the rat calvarial defect model revealed a remarkably improved bone regeneration ability for the hybrid membrane compared to pure PLLA. These results demonstrated the feasibility of these hybrid membranes for efficient GBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Sik Jang
- WCU Hybrid Materials Program, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Korea
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32
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Blaker JJ, Nazhat SN, Maquet V, Boccaccini AR. Long-term in vitro degradation of PDLLA/bioglass bone scaffolds in acellular simulated body fluid. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:829-40. [PMID: 20849987 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 09/05/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The long-term (600days) in vitro degradation of highly porous poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA)/Bioglass-filled composite foams developed for bone tissue engineering scaffolds has been investigated in simulated body fluid (SBF). Foams of ∼93% porosity were produced by thermally induced phase separation (TIPS). The degradation profile for foams of neat PDLLA and the influence of Bioglass addition were comprehensively assessed in terms of changes in dimensional stability, pore morphology, weight loss, molecular weight and mechanical properties (dry and wet states). It is shown that the degradation process proceeded in several stages: (a) a quasi-stable stage, where water absorption and plasticization occurred together with weight loss due to Bioglass particle loss and dissolution, resulting in decreased wet mechanical properties; (b) a stage showing a slight increase in the wet mechanical properties and a moderate decrease in dimensions, with the properties remaining moderately constant until the onset of significant weight loss, whilst molecular weight continued to decrease; (c) an end stage of massive weight loss, disruption of the pore structure and the formation of blisters and embrittlement of the scaffold (evident on handling). The findings from this long-term in vitro degradation investigation underpin studies that have been and continue to be performed on highly porous poly(α-hydroxyesters) scaffolds filled with bioactive glasses for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Blaker
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polymer and Composite Engineering Group, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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33
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Joseph B, Edwin BT, Edwin BT, Sankargane P, Raj SJ. Effect of Biomaterials in Orthopaedic Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2011.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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34
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Ben-David D, Kizhner TA, Kohler T, Müller R, Livne E, Srouji S. Cell-scaffold transplant of hydrogel seeded with rat bone marrow progenitors for bone regeneration. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2010; 39:364-71. [PMID: 20947366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2009] [Revised: 06/21/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is the second most frequently transplanted tissue in humans and efforts are focused on developing cell-scaffold constructs which can be employed for autologous implantation in place of allogenic transplants. The objective of the present study was to examine the efficacy of a gelatin-based hydrogel scaffold to support osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and its application in a cranial defect model. MSCs which were cultured on hydrogel under osteogenic conditions demonstrated typical osteogenic differentiation which included cluster formation with positive Alizarin Red S staining, sedimentation of calcium phosphate as defined by SEM and EDS spectroscopy and expression of mRNA osteogenic markers. Empty scaffolds or those containing either differentiated cells or naïve cells were implanted into cranial defects of athymic nude mice and the healing process was followed by μCT. Substantial bone formation (65%) was observed with osteogenic cell-scaffold constructs when compared to the naïve cell construct (25%) and the cell free scaffold (10%). Results demonstrated the potential of hydrogel scaffolds to serve as a supportive carrier for bone marrow-derived MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dror Ben-David
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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35
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Haaparanta AM, Haimi S, Ellä V, Hopper N, Miettinen S, Suuronen R, Kellomäki M. Porous polylactide/β-tricalcium phosphate composite scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2010; 4:366-73. [DOI: 10.1002/term.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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36
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Hualin Zhang, Zhiqing Chen. Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun PLGA/MWNTs/ Hydroxyapatite Biocomposite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911509359486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Biocomposite scaffolds of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles were prepared ‘by electrospinning’ for bone tissue engineering. The structure, surface morphology, and some properties of these PLGA/MWNTs/ HA composites were evaluated. Cultured bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were seeded on the PLGA/MWNTs/HA scaffolds, and their attachment and proliferation were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and MTT assay, respectively. The composite scaffolds, a 3D nonwoven fabric construct mimicked the structure of the natural extracellular matrix. The average diameter of the PLGA/MWNTs/HA fibers increased with increasing HA content from 0.5% to 1.5% in the composites. The SEM and MTT results indicated good biocompatibility by the scaffolds, and that the attachment and proliferation of BMSCs were significantly increased in the PLGA/MWNTs/ 1.0%HA and PLGA/MWNTs/1.5%HA scaffolds compared with the PLGA control. These scaffolds, fabricated by electrospinning, indicate good potential for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section Renmin Nan Road, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section Renmin Nan Road, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China,
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37
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Stiehler M, Bünger C, Baatrup A, Lind M, Kassem M, Mygind T. Effect of dynamic 3-D culture on proliferation, distribution, and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 89:96-107. [PMID: 18431785 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ex vivo engineering of autologous bone tissue as an alternative to bone grafting is a major clinical need. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of 3-D dynamic spinner flask culture on the proliferation, distribution, and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Immortalized human MSCs were cultured on porous 75:25 PLGA scaffolds for up to 3 weeks. Dynamically cultured cell/scaffold constructs demonstrated a 20% increase in DNA content (21 days), enhanced ALP specific activity (7 days and 21 days), a more than tenfold higher Ca2+ content (21 days), and significantly increased transcript levels of early osteogenesis markers (e.g., COL1A1, BMP2, RUNX-2) as compared with static culture. Despite the formation of a dense superficial cell layer, markedly increased cell ingrowth was observed by fluorescence microscopy on day 21. Furthermore, increased extracellular matrix deposition was visualized by scanning electron microscopy after 1 and 3 weeks of dynamic culture. The observed increased ingrowth and osteogenic differentiation of 3-D dynamically cultured human MSCs can be explained by generation of fluid shear stress and enhanced mass transport to the interior of the scaffold mimicking the native microenvironment of bone cells. This study provides evidence for the effectiveness of dynamic culture of human MSCs during the initial phase of ex vivo osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Stiehler
- Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Clinical Institute, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
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38
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Mariappan C, Yunos D, Boccaccini A, Roling B. Bioactivity of electro-thermally poled bioactive silicate glass. Acta Biomater 2009; 5:1274-83. [PMID: 19097952 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2008] [Revised: 10/21/2008] [Accepted: 11/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A 45S5 bioactive glass (nominal composition: 46.1 mol.% SiO2, 2.6 mol.% P2O5, 26.9 mol.% CaO, 24.4 mol.% Na2O) was electrothermally poled by applying voltages up to 750 V for 45 min at 200 degrees C, and the thermally stimulated depolarization currents (TSDCs) were recorded. Changes in chemical composition and electrical properties after poling were investigated by TSDC measurements, impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). The poling led to the formation of interfacial layers underneath the surface in contact with the electrodes. Under the positive electrode, the layer was characterized by Na+ ion depletion and by a negative charge density, and the layer was more resistive than the bulk. The influence of poling on the bioactivity was studied by immersion of samples in simulated body fluid (SBF) with subsequent cross-sectional SEM/EDX and X-ray diffraction analysis. It was found that poling leads to morphological changes in the silica-rich layer and to changes in the growth rate of amorphous calcium phosphate and bone-like apatite on the glass surface. The bone-like apatite layer under the positive electrode was slightly thicker than that under the negative electrode.
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Fu Q, Rahaman MN, Bal BS, Brown RF, Day DE. Mechanical and in vitro performance of 13-93 bioactive glass scaffolds prepared by a polymer foam replication technique. Acta Biomater 2008; 4:1854-64. [PMID: 18519173 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2008] [Revised: 04/17/2008] [Accepted: 04/24/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A polymer foam replication technique was used to prepare porous scaffolds of 13-93 bioactive glass with a microstructure similar to that of human trabecular bone. The scaffolds, with a porosity of 85+/-2% and pore size of 100-500 microm, had a compressive strength of 11+/-1 MPa, and an elastic modulus of 3.0+/-0.5 GPa, approximately equal to the highest values reported for human trabecular bone. The strength was also considerably higher than the values reported for polymeric, bioactive glass-ceramic and hydroxyapatite constructs prepared by the same technique and with the equivalent level of porosity. The in vitro bioactivity of the scaffolds was observed by the conversion of the glass surface to a nanostructured hydroxyapatite layer within 7 days in simulated body fluid at 37 degrees C. Protein and MTT assays of in vitro cell cultures showed an excellent ability of the scaffolds to support the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblastic cells, both on the surface and in the interior of the porous constructs. Scanning electron microscopy showed cells with a closely adhering, well-spread morphology and a continuous increase in cell density on the scaffolds during 6 days of culture. The results indicate that the 13-93 bioactive glass scaffolds could be applied to bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
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Ponader S, Brandt H, Vairaktaris E, von Wilmowsky C, Nkenke E, Schlegel KA, Neukam FW, Holst S, Müller FA, Greil P. In vitro response of hFOB cells to pamidronate modified sodium silicate coated cellulose scaffolds. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 64:275-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2007] [Revised: 01/23/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Fu Q, Rahaman MN, Dogan F, Bal BS. Freeze casting of porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds. I. Processing and general microstructure. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2008; 86:125-35. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Califano V, Bloisi F, Vicari LRM, Bretcanu O, Boccaccini AR. Matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation of poly(D,L-lactide) for biomedical applications: effect of near infrared radiation. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2008; 13:014028. [PMID: 18315386 DOI: 10.1117/1.2830660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The deposition of thin films of poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA) by using the matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) technique is investigated. PDLLA is a highly biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, with wide applicability in the biomedical field. The laser wavelength used in the MAPLE process is optimized to obtain a good-quality deposition. The structure of the polymer film is analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It is found that the chemical structure of PDLLA undergoes little or no damage during deposition with near-infrared laser radiation (1064 nm). It is thus confirmed that at this wavelength, the MAPLE technique can be applied for fragile biopolymer molecules, which are easily damaged by other laser radiations (UV radiation). This method allows future development of tailored polymer coatings for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Califano
- Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Facoltà di Ingegneria, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy.
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Gentleman E, Polak JM. Historic and current strategies in bone tissue engineering: do we have a hope in Hench? JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2006; 17:1029-35. [PMID: 17122915 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-006-0440-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2005] [Accepted: 02/15/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Professors Larry Hench and Julia Polak formed the Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Centre (TERM) at Imperial College London to foster collaborations between biologists and materials scientists. Early work at the center elucidated the biomolecular interactions between primary human osteoblasts and 45S5 Bioglass . As research efforts expanded, the team discovered that the dissolution products of both 45S5 Bioglass and 58S sol-gel bioactive glasses had osteoblastic stimulatory properties. To address the shortage of appropriate cells for bone tissue engineering applications, TERM scientists also demonstrated the differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells to osteoblasts when treated with the dissolution products of bioactive glasses. They also found that the soluble factors ascorbic acid, beta -glycerophosphate, and dexamethasone preferentially differentiated ES cells to osteoblasts, and their combination with the dissolution products of bioactive glasses stimulated differentiation even further. Taken together, these results demonstrate the suitability of bioactive glasses as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering as they not only provide an osteoconductive and osteoproductive substrate, but also actively stimulate cells to express appropriate osteoblastic phenotypes. Professor Hench's vision to pioneer regenerative medicine research continues with the aim of developing novel therapeutics to treat musculoskeletal disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Gentleman
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Campus, London, SW10 9NH, United Kingdom.
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Brauer DS, Rüssel C, Li W, Habelitz S. Effect of degradation rates of resorbable phosphate invert glasses on in vitro osteoblast proliferation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2006; 77:213-9. [PMID: 16392127 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Four resorbable phosphate invert glasses for use as bone replacement were synthesized in the system P2O5--CaO--MgO--Na2O. TiO2 and SiO2 were added at concentrations of 1 and 5.5 mol % to control solubility and crystallization. Both bulk glasses and samples with an open porosity of 65% and pore sizes of 150 to 400 microm were produced using a salt sintering process. Addition of TiO2 decreased the solubility in water and simulated body fluid, while the glass with addition of SiO2 showed a higher dissolution rate than did the original glass. The hypothesis that dissolution rates of the glasses will affect cell proliferation of osteoblastlike cells was tested using a MC3T3-E1.4 murine preosteoblast cell line. Cells were cultured on nonporous polished and porous glasses with tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) as control. Cell proliferation was studied over 24 and 72 h in culture. Cells proliferated on all polished glasses, but proliferation on porous glasses showed variations with glass composition. Cell proliferation increased with decreased solubility of the glass. It is suggested that resorbable implant materials require the adjustment of dissolution rate so as to facilitate cell adhesion and proliferation and thus a gradual transition from artificial implant to new bone structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia S Brauer
- Otto-Schott-Institut, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Fraunhoferstr. 6, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
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Abstract
Synthetic bioactive and bioresorbable composite materials are becoming increasingly important as scaffolds for tissue engineering. Next-generation biomaterials should combine bioactive and bioresorbable properties to activate in vivo mechanisms of tissue regeneration, stimulating the body to heal itself and leading to replacement of the scaffold by the regenerating tissue. Certain bioactive ceramics such as tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite as well as bioactive glasses, such as 45S5 Bioglass, react with physiologic fluids to form tenacious bonds with hard (and in some cases soft) tissue. However, these bioactive materials are relatively stiff, brittle and difficult to form into complex shapes. Conversely, synthetic bioresorbable polymers are easily fabricated into complex structures, yet they are too weak to meet the demands of surgery and the in vivo physiologic environment. Composites of tailored physical, biologic and mechanical properties as well as predictable degradation behavior can be produced combining bioresorbable polymers and bioactive inorganic phases. This review covers recent international research presenting the state-of-the-art development of these composite systems in terms of material constituents, fabrication technologies, structural and bioactive properties, as well as in vitro and in vivo characteristics for applications in tissue engineering and tissue regeneration. These materials may represent the effective optimal solution for tailored tissue engineering scaffolds, making tissue engineering a realistic clinical alternative in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo R Boccaccini
- Department of Materials and Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Lee SJ, Lim GJ, Lee JW, Atala A, Yoo JJ. In vitro evaluation of a poly(lactide-co-glycolide)–collagen composite scaffold for bone regeneration. Biomaterials 2006; 27:3466-72. [PMID: 16527344 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2005] [Accepted: 01/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Numerous materials have been proposed for bone tissue regeneration. However, none has been shown to be entirely satisfactory. In this study we fabricated a hybrid composite scaffold composed of poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and a naturally derived collagen matrix derived from porcine bladder submucosa matrix (BSM), and evaluated the biological activities and physical properties of the scaffold for use in bone tissue regeneration. The BSM-PLGA composite scaffolds are able to promote cellular interactions and possess uniformly interconnected pores with adequate structural integrity. The composite scaffolds were tested with both human embryonic stem (hES) cells and bovine osteoblasts (bOB). Cells seeded on the composite scaffolds readily attached, infiltrated and proliferated, as confirmed by cell viability and mitochondrial metabolic activity. Use of the composite scaffolding system with cells may enhance the formation of bone tissue for therapeutic regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jin Lee
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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Yang XB, Webb D, Blaker J, Boccaccini AR, Maquet V, Cooper C, Oreffo ROC. Evaluation of human bone marrow stromal cell growth on biodegradable polymer/Bioglass® composites. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 342:1098-107. [PMID: 16516859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2006] [Accepted: 02/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering using human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMCs) and biocompatible materials provides an attractive approach to regenerate bone tissue to meet the major clinical need. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of novel porous biodegradable composite materials consisting of a bioactive phase (45S5 Bioglass, 0, 5, and 40 wt%) incorporated within a biodegradable poly(dl-lactic acid) matrix, on HBMCs growth. Cell adhesion, spreading, and viability was examined using Cell Tracker Green/Ethidium Homodimer-1. Bone formation was assessed using scaffolds seeded with stro-1 positive HBMCs in nude mice. In vitro biochemistry indicated that with minimal scaffold pre-treatment osteoblast activity falls with increasing Bioglass content. However, 24h scaffold pre-treatment with serum resulted in a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase specific activity in 5 wt% Bioglass composites relative to the 0 and 40 wt% Bioglass groups. In vivo studies indicate significant new bone formation throughout all the scaffolds, as evidenced by immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebin B Yang
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
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Rezwan K, Chen QZ, Blaker JJ, Boccaccini AR. Biodegradable and bioactive porous polymer/inorganic composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2006; 27:3413-31. [PMID: 16504284 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2114] [Impact Index Per Article: 117.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2005] [Accepted: 01/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics are being combined in a variety of composite materials for tissue engineering scaffolds. Materials and fabrication routes for three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds with interconnected high porosities suitable for bone tissue engineering are reviewed. Different polymer and ceramic compositions applied and their impact on biodegradability and bioactivity of the scaffolds are discussed, including in vitro and in vivo assessments. The mechanical properties of today's available porous scaffolds are analyzed in detail, revealing insufficient elastic stiffness and compressive strength compared to human bone. Further challenges in scaffold fabrication for tissue engineering such as biomolecules incorporation, surface functionalization and 3D scaffold characterization are discussed, giving possible solution strategies. Stem cell incorporation into scaffolds as a future trend is addressed shortly, highlighting the immense potential for creating next-generation synthetic/living composite biomaterials that feature high adaptiveness to the biological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rezwan
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK
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Rahaman MN, Mao JJ. Stem cell-based composite tissue constructs for regenerative medicine. Biotechnol Bioeng 2005; 91:261-84. [PMID: 15929124 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A major task of contemporary medicine and dentistry is restoration of human tissues and organs lost to diseases and trauma. A decade-long intense effort in tissue engineering has provided the proof of concept for cell-based replacement of a number of individual tissues such as the skin, cartilage, and bone. Recent work in stem cell-based in vivo restoration of multiple tissue phenotypes by composite tissue constructs such as osteochondral and fibro-osseous grafts has demonstrated probable clues for bioengineered replacement of complex anatomical structures consisting of multiple cell lineages such as the synovial joint condyle, tendon-bone complex, bone-ligament junction, and the periodontium. Of greater significance is a tangible contribution by current attempts to restore the structure and function of multitissue structures using cell-based composite tissue constructs to the understanding of ultimate biological restoration of complex organs such as the kidney or liver. The present review focuses on recent advances in stem cell-based composite tissue constructs and attempts to outline challenges for the manipulation of stem cells in tailored biomaterials in alignment with approaches potentially utilizable in regenerative medicine of human tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed N Rahaman
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 851 S. Morgan St., Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
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