1
|
Blozis SA. First-interview response patterns of intensive longitudinal psychological and health data. J Health Psychol 2024:13591053241235751. [PMID: 38444167 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241235751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-report data are essential in health psychology research where an individual's perception is critical to understanding one's health and psychological status. Intensive data collection over time, including daily diary assessments, is necessary in understanding within- and between-person variability in health and psychological processes over time. An "initial elevation or latent decline" (IELD) effect, inherent of self-report data, is increasingly acknowledged in the social psychology literature, but awareness of this effect in health psychology research is lacking, particularly in studies that emphasize within- and between-person variability in self-reports. The IELD effect is a pattern in which responses tend to be more extreme at the initial interview relative to subsequent responses. This paper illustrates the impact of IELD in applications of mixed-effects models based on observational self-reports and concludes that researchers take such effects into account in data analysis or in the research designing phase to help mitigate such effects.
Collapse
|
2
|
Anvari F, Efendić E, Olsen J, Arslan RC, Elson M, Schneider IK. Bias in Self-Reports: An Initial Elevation Phenomenon. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/19485506221129160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Researchers have long worried about a phenomenon where study participants give higher ratings on self-report scales the first time they take a survey compared to subsequent times, particularly for negative subjective experiences. Recent experimental evidence, using samples of U.S. college students, suggests that this initial elevation phenomenon is due to an upward bias in people’s initial responses. Such bias potentially undermines the validity of many research findings. However, more recent studies have found little evidence in support of the phenomenon. To investigate the robustness of the initial elevation phenomenon, we conducted the largest experiments to date in diverse online samples ( N = 5,285 across three studies, from Prolific.co). We observed an initial elevation on self-reports of negative subjective experiences such as mood and mental and physical health symptoms. Our findings show that the threats to validity posed by the phenomenon are real and need to be reckoned with.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jerome Olsen
- Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ruben C. Arslan
- University of Leipzig, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Scheeringa MS. The Diagnostic Infant Preschool Assessment-Likert Version: Preparation, Concurrent Construct Validation, and Test-Retest Reliability. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2020; 30:326-334. [PMID: 32159386 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2019.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The Diagnostic Infant and Preschool Assessment was revised to include Likert ratings (DIPA-L) to give a broader range of severity ratings that may have greater utility for clinical and research purposes. In addition, the instrument was updated for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. (DSM-5), and two types of Likert ratings-frequency versus problem intensity-were explored for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Concurrent construct validation and test-retest reliability were examined for the five most common disorders seen in very young children in outpatient clinics: PTSD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, separation anxiety disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). A sixth disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), which was created in DSM-5, was tested for the first time. Functional impairment was also examined. Methods: The caregivers of 58 two- through six-year-old children (57 mothers and 1 father) were recruited from an outpatient clinic. They were interviewed at Time 1, and 52 were reinterviewed at Time 2 by research assistants (children's age M 4.7 years, standard deviation 1.2). Results: Few differences were found between the ratings of frequency versus problem intensity for PTSD symptoms. Tests of concurrent criterion validation were acceptable for all disorders when compared against disorder-specific questionnaires; the range of Pearson correlation coefficients was 0.56-0.94. A trend for attenuation of diagnoses from Time 1 to Time 2 was evident, but not statistically significant. Test-retest reliabilities were strong when examined with continuous Likert scores, except for GAD (the range of intraclass correlation coefficients values was 0.29-0.91, but were less consistent for categorical disorder-level status [the range of Cohen's κs was 0.35-0.79]). The range of internal consistencies was 0.78-0.95, excluding DMDD, which could not be calculated. Conclusions: The updated and revised DIPA-L demonstrated many acceptable features of a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of very young children. While the findings are tentative given the small sample size, the DIPA-L is the only diagnostic instrument for young children with a replication, tested in clinic populations, updated for DSM-5, with psychometrics for functional impairment, and has Likert ratings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Scheeringa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Duncan L, Comeau J, Wang L, Vitoroulis I, Boyle MH, Bennett K. Research Review: Test-retest reliability of standardized diagnostic interviews to assess child and adolescent psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2019; 60:16-29. [PMID: 29457645 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A better understanding of factors contributing to the observed variability in estimates of test-retest reliability in published studies on standardized diagnostic interviews (SDI) is needed. The objectives of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to estimate the pooled test-retest reliability for parent and youth assessments of seven common disorders, and to examine sources of between-study heterogeneity in reliability. METHODS Following a systematic review of the literature, multilevel random effects meta-analyses were used to analyse 202 reliability estimates (Cohen's kappa = ҡ) from 31 eligible studies and 5,369 assessments of 3,344 children and youth. RESULTS Pooled reliability was moderate at ҡ = .58 (CI 95% 0.53-0.63) and between-study heterogeneity was substantial (Q = 2,063 (df = 201), p < .001 and I2 = 79%). In subgroup analysis, reliability varied across informants for specific types of psychiatric disorder (ҡ = .53-.69 for parent vs. ҡ = .39-.68 for youth) with estimates significantly higher for parents on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder and the broad groupings of externalizing and any disorder. Reliability was also significantly higher in studies with indicators of poor or fair study methodology quality (sample size <50, retest interval <7 days). CONCLUSIONS Our findings raise important questions about the meaningfulness of published evidence on the test-retest reliability of SDIs and the usefulness of these tools in both clinical and research contexts. Potential remedies include the introduction of standardized study and reporting requirements for reliability studies, and exploration of other approaches to assessing and classifying child and adolescent psychiatric disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Duncan
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact (formerly Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jinette Comeau
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Li Wang
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact (formerly Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Irene Vitoroulis
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Michael H Boyle
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kathryn Bennett
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact (formerly Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shrout PE, Stadler G, Lane SP, McClure MJ, Jackson GL, Clavél FD, Iida M, Gleason MEJ, Xu JH, Bolger N. Initial elevation bias in subjective reports. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E15-E23. [PMID: 29255039 PMCID: PMC5776801 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1712277115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
People's reports of their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are used in many fields of biomedical and social science. When these states have been studied over time, researchers have often observed an unpredicted and puzzling decrease with repeated assessment. When noted, this pattern has been called an "attenuation effect," suggesting that the effect is due to bias in later reports. However, the pattern could also be consistent with an initial elevation bias. We present systematic, experimental investigations of this effect in four field studies (study 1: n = 870; study 2: n = 246; study 3: n = 870; study 4: n = 141). Findings show clear support for an initial elevation bias rather than a later decline. This bias is larger for reports of internal states than for behaviors and for negative mental states and physical symptoms than for positive states. We encourage increased awareness and investigation of this initial elevation bias in all research using subjective reports.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick E Shrout
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003;
| | - Gertraud Stadler
- Aberdeen Health Psychology Group, Department of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Sean P Lane
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906
| | - M Joy McClure
- Gordon F. Derner School of Psychology, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY 11530
| | - Grace L Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | | | - Masumi Iida
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Marci E J Gleason
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Joy H Xu
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003
| | - Niall Bolger
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Longitudinal synergies between cortisol reactivity and diurnal testosterone and antisocial behavior in young adolescents. Dev Psychopathol 2017; 29:1353-1369. [DOI: 10.1017/s0954579416001334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe aims were to identify the correspondence between simultaneous, longitudinal changes in cortisol reactivity and diurnal testosterone and to test the hypothesis that cortisol reactivity and diurnal testosterone interact so as to influence antisocial behavior. Participants were 135 children and young adolescents assessed at 6-month intervals over 1 year. Upon enrollment girls were age 8, 10, or 12 years (N = 69, M = 10.06 years) and boys were age 9, 11, or 13 years (N = 66, M = 10.94 years). Assessments included Tanner staging by a nurse, cortisol reactivity (Trier Social Stress Test for Children), diurnal testosterone, and interviews and questionnaires. Growth models showed that cortisol reactivity and diurnal testosterone basal levels (intercept) and rate of change (slopes) were not related, suggesting different mechanisms of growth. Longitudinal regression analyses assessed cortisol reactivity and diurnal testosterone longitudinally. The interactions of cortisol reactivity and diurnal testosterone showed that when diurnal testosterone was low, boys with low cortisol reactivity were reported to have more behavior problems (i.e., oppositional defiant disorder symptoms and attention problems) than when testosterone was high. In addition, when diurnal testosterone was high, boys with high or moderate cortisol reactivity were significantly higher on total antisocial behavior, attention behavior problems, and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms than when testosterone was low or moderate. The results were similar but less frequent for girls. These findings advance the science of young adolescence by showing the interaction between preexisting sensitivity to stressors and the normative testosterone changes of puberty and antisocial behavior.
Collapse
|
7
|
Contextual risk and promotive processes in Puerto Rican youths' internalizing trajectories in Puerto Rico and New York. Dev Psychopathol 2014; 25:755-71. [PMID: 23880390 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579413000151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Research on ethnic-minority youths' mental health has rarely examined developmental trajectories for the same ethnic group in contexts where they are a minority versus where they are the majority or mechanisms accounting for differences in trajectories across such contexts. This study examines Puerto Rican youth residing in two contexts, one in which they are in their home culture of Puerto Rico and one in which they are a minority group, in New York. We explore the relationship among social context, minority status, risk, resilience, and trajectories of internalizing symptoms after adjusting for factors related to migration. We found that youths' reports of internalizing symptoms declined over time. Youths in New York had higher levels of internalizing symptoms than did youths in Puerto Rico, but they had similar trajectories. Differences in internalizing symptoms across the two social contexts were accounted for by experiences of discrimination and exposure to violence. Parental monitoring was associated with fewer internalizing symptoms across the two sites, although this effect diminished over time. Contrary to what was expected, family religiosity was associated with higher levels of internalizing symptoms. This association was stronger in New York than in the Puerto Rico site.
Collapse
|
8
|
Stimulant and atypical antipsychotic medications for children placed in foster homes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54152. [PMID: 23326588 PMCID: PMC3541235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the use of prescribed psychoactive medications in a prospective cohort of children shortly after they entered foster homes; and to identify demographics, maltreatment history, psychiatric diagnoses including ADHD comorbidity, and level of aggression that contribute to prescribed use of stimulant and atypical antipsychotic medication over time. Methods The sample included N = 252 children (nested in 95 sibling groups) followed for three years up to 4 yearly waves. Results Nearly all (89%) met criteria for at least one of eight psychiatric diagnoses and 31% (75/252) used one or more prescribed psychoactive medications. Over half (55%) were diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD); of these 38% used stimulants and 36% used atypical antipsychotics. Of the 75 medicated children, 19% received ≥3 different classes of drugs over the course of the study. Stimulants (69%) and atypical antipsychotics (65%) were the most frequently used drugs among medicated children. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) showed that male gender (AOR = 3.2; 95% CI = 1.5–9.3), African American vs Latino ethnicity (AOR = 5.4; 95% CI = 2.1–14.2), ADHD regardless of Oppositional Defiant (ODD) or Conduct (CD) comorbidity (AOR = 6.0, 95% CI = 1.3–27.5), ODD or CD (AOR = 11.1, 95% CI = 2.1–58.6), and Separation Anxiety (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.0–4.0) psychiatric disorders were associated with the use of prescribed stimulants; while male gender (AOR = 3.8, 95% CI = 1.5–9.3), African American vs Latino (AOR = 5.1, 95% CI = 1.2–9.2) or Mixed/Other ethnicity (AOR = 3.3, 95% CI = 1.9–13.7), ADHD regardless of ODD or CD comorbidity (AOR = 5.8, 95% CI = 1.2–28.7), ODD or CD (AOR = 13.9, 95% CI = 3.3–58.5), Major Depression/Dysthymia (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.1–6.7) psychiatric disorders, and history of sexual abuse (AOR = 4.6, 95% CI = 1.3–18.4) were associated with the use of prescribed atypical antipsychotics. Conclusion The aggressive use of atypical antipsychotics, which has unknown metabolic risks, suggests that the efficacy and safety of such treatment strategies for psychiatrically ill children in foster care should be monitored.
Collapse
|
9
|
Olazagasti MAR, Shrout PE, Yoshikawa H, Bird HR, Canino GJ. The longitudinal relationship between parental reports of asthma and anxiety and depression symptoms among two groups of Puerto Rican youth. J Psychosom Res 2012; 73:283-8. [PMID: 22980534 PMCID: PMC3444747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2012.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to examine the relationship between parental reports of child asthma and levels and slopes of anxiety and depression symptoms among two contrasting groups of Puerto Rican youth, and to determine whether asthma is a special risk above and beyond parents' reports of other youths' medical conditions. METHODS Two probability samples of youth in San Juan and Caguas, Puerto Rico (n=673) and in the south Bronx, New York (n=598), and their caretakers were interviewed in three yearly assessments. Parental reports of their children's asthma during each assessment were used to indicate whether youth had intermittent (PR=34%, NY=23%) or persistent (PR=7%, NY=16%) asthma. Youths' depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using self reports to the DISC-IV. Information on youths' medical comorbidity was gathered through parental reports. RESULTS Multilevel analyses adjusting for comorbid medical conditions indicated that parental reports of youths' intermittent and persistent asthma were related to higher levels, but similar slopes, of anxiety and depression among youth in New York. In Puerto Rico, youth with persistent asthma experienced less improvement in anxiety over time than youth without asthma, but no other associations were found. CONCLUSION Having asthma, based on parental reports, represents a risk factor for Puerto Rican youths' internalizing symptoms, even after adjusting for comorbid medical conditions. This risk is more pronounced among youth living in New York, which highlights the importance of considering the social context in which youth develop and minority status when examining associations between physical health risk factors and mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Ramos Olazagasti
- Phyllis Green and Randolph Cōwen Institute for Pediatric Neuroscience, Child Study Center, New York University, Langone Medical Center
| | | | | | | | - Glorisa J. Canino
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Behavioral Sciences Research Institute
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Susman EJ, Dockray S, Granger DA, Blades KT, Randazzo W, Heaton JA, Dorn LD. Cortisol and alpha amylase reactivity and timing of puberty: vulnerabilities for antisocial behaviour in young adolescents. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2010; 35:557-69. [PMID: 19819639 PMCID: PMC2843813 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2008] [Revised: 09/07/2009] [Accepted: 09/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The theoretical framework proposed that cortisol and saliva alpha amylase (sAA) reactivitiy are vulnerabilities for antisocial behaviour. These indices of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and sympathetic-adrenal-medulary (SAM) components of the stress system, respectively, were considered vulnerabilities that also interact with the putative stressful transition of timing of puberty to predispose adolescents toward antisocial behaviour. The sample consisted of 8- to-13-year-old boys and girls (N=135) and a parent. For boys, timing of puberty moderated the association between cortisol and sAA reactivity and antisocial behaviour. Higher cortisol reactivity in later timing boys was related to a composite index of antisocial behaviour and rule-breaking behaviour problems. In contrast, lower sAA reactivity and earlier timing of puberty in boys was related to rule breaking and conduct disorder symptoms. The interaction between timing of puberty and HPA or SAM regulation and timing of puberty in boys suggests that reproductive, neuroendocrine mechanisms may be involved in the extensively documented adverse consequences of off-time pubertal development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J. Susman
- Department of Biobehavioral Health The Pennsylvania State University 314 Health and Human Development East University Park, PA 16802 Office:(814) 863-2281 FAX: (814) 863-7525
| | - Samantha Dockray
- Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London 1-10 Torrington Place London WC1E 6BT Office+44 (0)20 7679 1805 Fax +44 (0)20 7813 0242
| | - Douglas A Granger
- Department of Biobehavioral Health The Pennsylvania State University 314 Health and Human Development East University Park, PA 16802
| | - Keeva T. Blades
- Department of Biobehavioral Health The Pennsylvania State University 314 Health and Human Development East University Park, PA 16802
| | - William Randazzo
- 387 Townhouse The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine/Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Jodi A. Heaton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health The Pennsylvania State University 314 Health and Human Development East University Park, PA 16802
| | - Lorah D. Dorn
- Division of Adolescent Medicine University of Cincinnati College of Medicine 3333 Burnet Avenue Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Feng X, Keenan K, Hipwell AE, Henneberger AK, Rischall MS, Butch J, Coyne C, Boeldt D, Hinze AK, Babinski DE. Longitudinal associations between emotion regulation and depression in preadolescent girls: moderation by the caregiving environment. Dev Psychol 2009; 45:798-808. [PMID: 19413432 DOI: 10.1037/a0014617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Identifying childhood precursors for depression has been challenging and yet important for understanding the rapid increase in the rate of depression among adolescent girls. This study examined the prospective relations of preadolescent girls' emotion regulation and parenting style with depressive symptoms. Participants were 225 children and their biological mothers recruited from a larger longitudinal community study. Girls' observed positive and negative emotion during a conflict resolution task with mothers, their ability to regulate sadness and anger, and their perception of parental acceptance and psychological control were assessed at age 9. Depressive symptoms were assessed by self-report at ages 9 and 10. The results indicated interactions between child emotion characteristics and parenting in predicting later depression. Specifically, low levels of positive emotion expression predicted higher levels of depressive symptoms in the context of moderate to high parental psychological control. Low levels of sadness regulation were predictive of high levels of depressive symptoms in the context of low to moderate parental acceptance. Findings from this study support the hypothesis that the prospective association between vulnerabilities in emotion regulation and depression are moderated by the caregiving environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Feng
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1220, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
THASTUM MIKAEL, RAVN KRISTINE, SOMMER SØREN, TRILLINGSGAARD ANEGEN. Reliability, validity and normative data for the Danish Beck Youth Inventories. Scand J Psychol 2009; 50:47-54. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00690.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
13
|
Duan N, Alegria M, Canino G, McGuire TG, Takeuchi D. Survey conditioning in self-reported mental health service use: randomized comparison of alternative instrument formats. Health Serv Res 2007; 42:890-907. [PMID: 17362223 PMCID: PMC1955350 DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2006.00618.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the effect of survey conditioning (whether observed survey responses are affected by previous experience in the same survey or similar surveys) in a survey instrument used to assess mental health service use. DATA SOURCES Primary data collected in the National Latino and Asian American Study, a cross-sectional household survey of Latinos and Asian Americans residing in the United States. STUDY DESIGN Study participants are randomly assigned to a Traditional Instrument with an interleafed format placing service use questions after detailed questions on disorders, or a Modified Instrument with an ensemble format screening for service use near the beginning of the survey. We hypothesize the ensemble format to be less susceptible to survey conditioning than the interleafed format. We compare self-reported mental health services use measures (overall, aggregate categories, and specific categories) between recipients of the two instruments, using 2x2 chi(2) tests and logistic regressions that control for key covariates. DATA COLLECTION In-person computer-assisted interviews, conducted in respondent's preferred language (English, Spanish, Mandarin Chinese, Tagalog, or Vietnamese). PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Higher service use rates are reported with the Modified Instrument than with the Traditional Instrument for all service use measures; odds ratios range from 1.41 to 3.10, all p-values <.001. Results are similar across ethnic groups and insensitive to model specification. CONCLUSIONS Survey conditioning biases downward reported mental health service use when the instrument follows an interleafed format. An ensemble format should be used when it is feasible for measures that are susceptible to survey conditioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naihua Duan
- UCLA Health Services Research Center, 10920 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 300, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ezpeleta L, Guillamón N, Granero R, de la Osa N, María Domènech J, Moya I. Prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents from a Spanish slum. Soc Sci Med 2007; 64:842-9. [PMID: 17126466 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports rates of psychopathology in a population of 9- and 13-yr olds from a Spanish slum. Two cohorts of all the children born in 1989 and in 1993 and registered in the census of a municipality in 2001 were assessed over a 3-yr period with structured diagnostic interviews and functional measures. In the first year of the study 79 (53.7%) children of the adolescent 13-yr-old population and 72 (59.5%) of the pre-adolescent 9-yr-old population participated. Between 30% and 60% of preadolescents and between 30% and 50% of adolescents presented some mental disorder. Anxiety and disruptive behavior disorders were the most frequent disorders in both cohorts. For both genders, the highest risk for any psychopathology was at 10 yr. We found that, psychopathology and functional impairment decreased with age, and that the psychopathology of children in a peripheral slum of a big city is 3 times higher than the median of the general population. This information should be useful for administrators providing services for children from the most disadvantaged segment of the population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Ezpeleta
- Unitat d'Epidemiologia i de Diagnòstic en Psicopatologia del Desenvolupament, Departament de Psicología Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bird HR, Shrout PE, Davies M, Canino G, Duarte CS, Shen SA, Loeber R. Longitudinal development of antisocial behaviors in young and early adolescent Puerto Rican children at two sites. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2007; 46:5-14. [PMID: 17195724 DOI: 10.1097/01.chi.0000242243.23044.ac] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This report provides descriptive longitudinal findings over three waves of a study designed to assess the development of antisocial behaviors in young and early adolescent Puerto Rican children at two sites. METHOD Through the use of standard assessment measures, representative samples of Puerto Rican children of both genders 5 to 13 years of age and their adult caretakers were interviewed at two sites: the South Bronx in New York City (n = 1,138) and the Standard Metropolitan Areas in Puerto Rico (n = 1,353; N = 2,491). RESULTS Although no differences in prevalence between the two sites were apparent at baseline, analyses of the longitudinal data show that site differences emerge over time, with a decrease in risk of antisocial behavior over time in the Standard Metropolitan Areas relative to the Bronx. CONCLUSIONS The decreased risk of these disorders in the Standard Metropolitan Areas corroborates the low rates in Puerto Rico reported in previous research. Future analyses of these data are needed to identify the risk and protective factors associated with this difference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hector R Bird
- Drs. Bird, Duarte, and Shen and Mr. Davies (retired) are with the Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child Psychiatry, Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute; Dr. Shrout is with the Department of Psychology at New York University; Dr. Canino is Director of the Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan; and Dr. Loeber is with the Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, PA..
| | - Patrick E Shrout
- Drs. Bird, Duarte, and Shen and Mr. Davies (retired) are with the Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child Psychiatry, Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute; Dr. Shrout is with the Department of Psychology at New York University; Dr. Canino is Director of the Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan; and Dr. Loeber is with the Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Mark Davies
- Drs. Bird, Duarte, and Shen and Mr. Davies (retired) are with the Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child Psychiatry, Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute; Dr. Shrout is with the Department of Psychology at New York University; Dr. Canino is Director of the Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan; and Dr. Loeber is with the Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Glorisa Canino
- Drs. Bird, Duarte, and Shen and Mr. Davies (retired) are with the Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child Psychiatry, Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute; Dr. Shrout is with the Department of Psychology at New York University; Dr. Canino is Director of the Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan; and Dr. Loeber is with the Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Cristiane S Duarte
- Drs. Bird, Duarte, and Shen and Mr. Davies (retired) are with the Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child Psychiatry, Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute; Dr. Shrout is with the Department of Psychology at New York University; Dr. Canino is Director of the Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan; and Dr. Loeber is with the Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - S A Shen
- Drs. Bird, Duarte, and Shen and Mr. Davies (retired) are with the Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child Psychiatry, Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute; Dr. Shrout is with the Department of Psychology at New York University; Dr. Canino is Director of the Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan; and Dr. Loeber is with the Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Rolf Loeber
- Drs. Bird, Duarte, and Shen and Mr. Davies (retired) are with the Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child Psychiatry, Columbia University/New York State Psychiatric Institute; Dr. Shrout is with the Department of Psychology at New York University; Dr. Canino is Director of the Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan; and Dr. Loeber is with the Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, PA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Riccio CA, Rodriguez OL. Integration of psychological assessment approaches in school psychology. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.20220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
17
|
Feldman JM, Ortega AN, McQuaid EL, Canino G. Comorbidity between asthma attacks and internalizing disorders among Puerto Rican children at one-year follow-up. PSYCHOSOMATICS 2006; 47:333-9. [PMID: 16844893 PMCID: PMC2966278 DOI: 10.1176/appi.psy.47.4.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Authors examined the association between internalizing disorders and asthma attacks at 1-year follow-up among a community sample of 1,789 children and adolescents ages 5-18 years living on the island of Puerto Rico. The Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children was administered to assess DSM-IV internalizing disorders during the past year. Children with a lifetime history of asthma attacks at baseline had greater odds of having an internalizing disorder at 1-year follow-up, independent of socio-demographic measures. However, an association was not found between asthma attacks and persistence of internalizing disorders. These findings show that the association between internalizing disorders and asthma attacks was replicated 1 year later in the same sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Feldman
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva Univ., Rousso Building, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Egger HL, Erkanli A, Keeler G, Potts E, Walter BK, Angold A. Test-Retest Reliability of the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (PAPA). J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2006; 45:538-549. [PMID: 16601400 DOI: 10.1097/01.chi.0000205705.71194.b8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the test-retest reliability of a new interviewer-based psychiatric diagnostic measure (the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment) for use with parents of preschoolers aged 2 to 5 years. METHOD A total of 1,073 parents of children attending a large pediatric clinic completed the Child Behavior Checklist 1 1/2-5. For 18 months, 193 parents of high scorers and 114 parents of low scorers were interviewed on two occasions an average of 11 days apart. RESULTS Estimates of diagnostic reliability were very similar to those obtained from interviews with parents of older children and adults, with kappas ranging from 0.36 to 0.79. Test-retest intraclass correlations for DSM-IV syndrome scale scores ranged from 0.56 to 0.89. There were no significant differences in reliability by age, sex, or race (African American versus non-African American). CONCLUSIONS The Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment provides a reasonably reliable standardized measure of DSM-IV psychiatric symptoms and disorders in preschoolers for use in both research and clinical service evaluations of preschoolers as young as 2 years old.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Link Egger
- Drs. Egger, Erkanli, Potts, and Angold and Mr. Keeler are with the Center for Developmental Epidemiology, and Dr. Walter is with the Department of Medical Psychology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.
| | - Alaattin Erkanli
- Drs. Egger, Erkanli, Potts, and Angold and Mr. Keeler are with the Center for Developmental Epidemiology, and Dr. Walter is with the Department of Medical Psychology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Gordon Keeler
- Drs. Egger, Erkanli, Potts, and Angold and Mr. Keeler are with the Center for Developmental Epidemiology, and Dr. Walter is with the Department of Medical Psychology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Edward Potts
- Drs. Egger, Erkanli, Potts, and Angold and Mr. Keeler are with the Center for Developmental Epidemiology, and Dr. Walter is with the Department of Medical Psychology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Barbara Keith Walter
- Drs. Egger, Erkanli, Potts, and Angold and Mr. Keeler are with the Center for Developmental Epidemiology, and Dr. Walter is with the Department of Medical Psychology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Adrian Angold
- Drs. Egger, Erkanli, Potts, and Angold and Mr. Keeler are with the Center for Developmental Epidemiology, and Dr. Walter is with the Department of Medical Psychology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Leung PWL, Lucas CP, Hung SF, Kwong SL, Tang CP, Lee CC, Ho TP, Lieh-Mak F, Shaffer D. The test-retest reliability and screening efficiency of DISC Predictive Scales-version 4.32 (DPS-4.32) with Chinese children/youths. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2005; 14:461-5. [PMID: 16341503 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-005-0503-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The DISC Predictive Scales-4.32 (DPS-4.32) were short-forms of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-IV (DISC-IV). METHOD The psychometric properties of DPS-4.32 were tested on two Chinese samples: a clinic sample of 83 children/youths, and a community sample of 541 youths. RESULTS Both Parent and Youth DPS-4.32 exhibited good-to-excellent test-retest reliability. Their screening efficiency was examined respectively against DSM-IV diagnoses of the full-length Parent and Youth DISC-IV. Results indicated large AUCs (Area under Receiver-Operating Characteristic Curve), as well as high sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive values, supporting the capability of DPS-4.32 to differentiate cases from noncases. CONCLUSION DPS-4.32 held promise as efficient short-forms of DISC-IV, screening DSM-IV diagnoses. They were also applicable to the Chinese population, demonstrating their cross-cultural applicability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W L Leung
- Dept. of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong 3/F, Sino Building, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, PRC.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lengua LJ, Long AC, Smith KI, Meltzoff AN. Pre-attack symptomatology and temperament as predictors of children's responses to the September 11 terrorist attacks. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2005; 46:631-45. [PMID: 15877768 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00378.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of this study were to assess the psychological response of children following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in New York and Washington, DC and to examine prospective predictors of children's post-attack responses. METHOD Children's responses were assessed in a community sample of children in Seattle, Washington, participating in an ongoing study. Symptomatology and temperament assessed prior to the attacks were examined as prospective predictors of post-attack post-traumatic stress (PTS), anxiety, depression and externalizing problems. RESULTS Children demonstrated PTS symptoms and worries at levels comparable to those in children directly experiencing disasters, with 77% of children reporting being worried, 68% being upset by reminders, and 39% having upsetting thoughts. The most common PTS symptom cluster was re-experiencing, and 8% of children met criteria consistent with PTSD. African-American children reported more avoidant PTS symptoms and being more upset by the attacks than European-American children. Girls reported being more upset than boys. Prior internalizing, externalizing, social competence and self-esteem were related to post-attack PTS; and child inhibitory control, assessed prior to the 9/11 attacks, demonstrated a trend towards an association with post-attack PTS symptoms controlling for prior levels of symptomatology. PTS predicted child-report anxiety and conduct problem symptoms at follow-up, approximately 6 months after 9/11. CONCLUSIONS Children experiencing a major disaster at a distance or indirectly through media exposure demonstrated worries and PTS symptoms suggesting that communities need to attend to children's mental health needs in response to national or regional disasters. Pre-disaster symptomatology or low self-regulation may render children more vulnerable in response to a disaster, and immediate post-disaster responses predict subsequent symptomatology. These variables might be used in the identification of children in need of intervention.
Collapse
|
21
|
Dunn TW, Burlingame GM, Walbridge M, Smith J, Crum MJ. Outcome assessment for children and adolescents: psychometric validation of the Youth Outcome Questionnaire 30.1 (Y-OQ®-30.1). Clin Psychol Psychother 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/cpp.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
22
|
Angold A, Erkanli A, Silberg J, Eaves L, Costello EJ. Depression scale scores in 8-17-year-olds: effects of age and gender. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2002; 43:1052-63. [PMID: 12455926 DOI: 10.1111/1469-7610.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The excess of unipolar depression in females emerges in adolescence. However, studies of age effects on depression scale scores have produced divergent estimates of changes from childhood to adolescence. METHOD We explored possible reasons for this discrepancy in two large, longitudinal samples of twins and singletons aged 8-17. RESULTS There were no differences between twins and singletons in their scores on the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ), a 13-item self-report depression scale. SMFQ scores for boys fell over this age-range, while those for girls fell from age 9 to age 11 and then increased from age 12 to age 17. The mean scores of girls under 12 and those 12 and over differed by only around one-fifth of a standard deviation. However, given the non-normal distribution of the scores, a cut point that selected the upper 6% of scores created the expected female:male ratio of 2:1. CONCLUSIONS Implications for future research on adolescent depression are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Angold
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bravo M, Ribera J, Rubio-Stipec M, Canino G, Shrout P, Ramírez R, Fábregas L, Chavez L, Alegría M, Bauermeister JJ, Martínez Taboas A. Test-retest reliability of the Spanish version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-IV). JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2001; 29:433-44. [PMID: 11695544 DOI: 10.1023/a:1010499520090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The test-retest reliability of the Spanish Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-IV) is presented. This version was developed in Puerto Rico in consultation with an international bilingual committee, sponsored by NIMH. The sample (N = 146) consisted of children recruited from outpatient mental health clinics and a drug residential treatment facility. Two different pairs of nonclinicians administered the DISC twice to the parent and child respondents. Results indicated fair to moderate agreement for parent reports on most diagnoses. Relatively similar agreement levels were observed for last month and last year time frames. Surprisingly, the inclusion of impairment as a criterion for diagnosis did not substantially change the pattern of results for specific disorders. Parents were more reliable when reporting on diagnoses of younger (4-10) than older children. Children 11-17 years old were reliable informants on disruptive and substance abuse/dependence disorders, but unreliable for anxiety and depressive disorders. Hence, parents were more reliable when reporting about anxiety and depressive disorders whereas children were more reliable than their parents when reporting about disruptive and substance disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Bravo
- Behavioral Sciences Research Institute and Department of Graduate Studies in Education, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan 00936-5067, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wells KC, Epstein JN, Hinshaw SP, Conners CK, Klaric J, Abikoff HB, Abramowitz A, Arnold LE, Elliott G, Greenhill LL, Hechtman L, Hoza B, Jensen PS, March JS, Pelham W, Pfiffner L, Severe J, Swanson JM, Vitiello B, Wigal T. Parenting and family stress treatment outcomes in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): an empirical analysis in the MTA study. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2000; 28:543-53. [PMID: 11104316 DOI: 10.1023/a:1005131131159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Parenting and family stress treatment outcomes in the MTA study were examined. Male and female (579), 7-9-year-old children with combined type Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), were recruited at six sites around the United States and Canada, and randomly assigned to one of four groups: intensive, multi-faceted behavior therapy program alone (Beh); carefully titrated and monitored medication management strategy alone (MedMgt); a well-integrated combination of the two (Comb); or a community comparison group (CC). Treatment occurred over 14 months, and assessments were taken at baseline, 3, 9, and 14 months. Parenting behavior and family stress were assessed using parent-report and child-report inventories. Results showed that Beh alone, MedMgt alone, and Comb produced significantly greater decreases in a parent-rated measure of negative parenting, Negative/Ineffective Discipline, than did standard community treatment. The three MTA treatments did not differ significantly from each other on this domain. No differences were noted among the four groups on positive parenting or on family stress variables. Results are discussed in terms of the theoretical and empirically documented importance of negative parenting in the symptoms, comorbidities and long-term outcomes of ADHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K C Wells
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lucas CP, Fisher P, Piacentini J, Zhang H, Jensen PS, Shaffer D, Dulcan M, Schwab-Stone M, Regier D, Canino G. Features of interviews questions associated with attenuation of symptom reports. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 1999; 27:429-37. [PMID: 10821624 DOI: 10.1023/a:1021975824957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that discrepant reporting in a test-retest reliability paradigm is not purely random measurement error, but partly a function of a systematic tendency to say "no" during retest to questions answered positively at initial testing ("attenuation"). To examine features of interview questions that may be associated with attenuation, three raters independently assessed the structural and content features of questions from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (version 2.3) and linked these to data from a test-retest reliability study of 223 community respondents (parent and child reports). Results indicated that for both parent and youth reports, item features most strongly associated with attenuation were (a) being a "stem" question (asked of all respondents, regardless of any skip structure); (b) question placement in the first half of the interview; (c) question length; (d) question complexity; or (e) requiring assessment of the timing, duration, or frequency of a symptom. Findings may be explained by participants' conscious efforts to avoid further questions or by their learning more about the nature and purpose of the interview as they gain more experience; alternatively, findings may represent a methodological artifact of structured interview design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C P Lucas
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|