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Gu X. Enhancing social media engagement using AI-modified background music: examining the roles of event relevance, lyric resonance, AI-singer origins, audience interpretation, emotional resonance, and social media engagement. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1267516. [PMID: 38686081 PMCID: PMC11057495 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1267516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Drawing on the S-O-R model, this study aims to investigate the influence of three stimuli from AI-modified music (i.e., event relevance, lyric resonance, and AI-singer origins), two responses from social media content consumers (i.e., audience interpretation and emotional resonance) on the social media engagement of personalized background music modified by artificial intelligence (AI). Methods The structural equation modeling analyses of 467 social media content consumers' responses confirmed the role of those three stimuli and the mediating effect of audience interpretation and emotional resonance in shaping social media engagement. Results The findings shed light on the underlying mechanisms that drive social media engagement in the context of AI-modified background music created for non-professional content creators. Discussion The theoretical and practical implications of this study advance our understanding of social media engagement with AI-singer-originated background music and provide a basis for future investigations into this rapidly evolving phenomenon in the gig economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Gu
- Conservatory of Music, Communication University of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
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Huang CY, Hunt E, Stormshak EA. Differential impact of the school context on ethnic and racial identity and depression for monoracial and multiracial early adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1080085. [PMID: 38045617 PMCID: PMC10690807 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1080085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study examined the direct and indirect effects of school context (negative peer relationships, school environment) on ethnic and racial identity (ERI) development in middle school and later depression symptoms in high school. Differences by racial group were examined for non-Hispanic White (NHW) early adolescents, monoracial adolescents, and multiracial adolescents. Methods This study used existing data from a large, multiwave, longitudinal study that included 593 racial/ethnically diverse adolescents from sixth grade through ninth grade across three public middle schools in the Pacific Northwest. Results Using multigroup path analysis in structural equation modeling, the findings indicated differences by racial group-school environment was associated with positive ERI development in middle school for NHW and monoracial adolescents but not for multiracial adolescents. For multiracial adolescents, ERI predicted later depression symptoms. Discussion These findings demonstrated the importance of examining school context and peer relationships in relation to ERI development and psychological wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Y. Huang
- Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Emily Hunt
- Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Stormshak
- Counseling Psychology and Human Services, College of Education, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
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Tuitt N, Asdigian NL, Mousseau A, Ivanich J, Zacher T, Skinner L, Red Willow Richards F, Bear Robe L, Keane E, Boland S, Whitesell NR. Measure of Socialization of American Indian Children (MOSAIC): Understanding the roots of ethnic-racial identity. CULTURAL DIVERSITY & ETHNIC MINORITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 29:564-574. [PMID: 36154056 PMCID: PMC10039960 DOI: 10.1037/cdp0000559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Measure of Socialization of American Indian Children (MOSAIC) was created as part of a larger study developing a family-based and culturally grounded substance use prevention program for young American Indian (AI) adolescents. The MOSAIC was designed to measure ethnic-racial socialization (ERS) for use with AI families to support better understanding of the roots of ethnic-racial identity among AI youth and their relationship to risk for substance use in early adolescence. METHOD This study was conducted in partnership with a Lakota reservation community. Community partners and advisors provided guidance on the creation of an item pool, which also drew extensively from the existing literature on ERS in other populations. The MOSAIC was pilot tested with a small sample of parents (N = 19) and then tested with a development sample of participants (N = 197) taking part in the larger study. A series of factor analyses were conducted with data from this development sample to explore associations among items and alignment with proposed dimensions. RESULTS Four dimensions emerged, related to socialization practices to support spirituality, language, pride, and preparation for bias. The original MOSIAC measure was refined based on these analyses and prepared for testing in an independent sample. CONCLUSIONS Dimensions of ERS common to measures developed for other populations emerged as relevant for AI families, with adaptations to reflect the unique context of this population. Further work is needed to confirm the structure of the MOSAIC in both this AI community and with other diverse indigenous populations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Tuitt
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Nancy L. Asdigian
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | | | - Jerreed Ivanich
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | | | | | | | | | - Ellen Keane
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Sarah Boland
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Nancy Rumbaugh Whitesell
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
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An International Study of Correlates of Women's Positive Body Image. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:1521-1534. [PMID: 36286091 PMCID: PMC9601667 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Positive body image (PBI) has received attention in the recent research literature. Despite this, its role in daily functioning in different cultural contexts, particularly its potential relationship with academic outcomes, is still lacking. This study aimed to offer an international perspective on the association between PBI and body mass index (BMI), perceived academic achievement, and educational aspirations, as well as the mediating role of self-esteem. A cross-national study was conducted in eight European countries with a total of 2653 female university students. Participants completed an online survey measuring PBI (conceptualized as body appreciation), self-esteem, perceived academic achievement and aspirations, and body mass index (BMI). Results revealed differences in PBI between countries (low magnitude). PBI correlated negatively with BMI in all national groups (low-to-moderate magnitude). Mediation analysis showed that self-esteem mediated the association between PBI and academic variables. Findings from this study suggest that building students’ self-esteem and PBI can be a suitable way to boost academic success.
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Crabtree MA, Stanley LR, Swaim RC, Prince MA. Profiles of Ecosystemic Resilience and Risk: American Indian Adolescent Substance Use during the First Year of the COVID-19 Crisis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11228. [PMID: 36141504 PMCID: PMC9517325 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented disruption to the lives of American Indian (AI) adolescents. While reservation-area AI youth already have a higher risk of substance use (SU) compared to their non-AI peers, COVID-19 stressors likely exacerbated this risk. However, COVID-19-specific and general resilience factors may have buffered against increased SU over the course of the pandemic. Using a person-centered, ecosystemic framework of resilience, we used latent profile analysis to identify ecosystemic resilience profiles indicated by general and COVID-19-specific risk and resilience factors, then examined inter-profile changes in alcohol and cannabis use after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic from the spring of 2020 to the spring of 2021. The sample was 2218 reservation-area AI adolescents (7-12th grade; schools = 20; Mage = 15, SD = 1.7; 52% female). Four profiles emerged: Average Risk and Resilience, High Resilience, Low Resilience, and High Risk. Adolescents with a High-Risk profile demonstrated increases in alcohol and cannabis use, while High Resilience youth demonstrated decreases. These findings support the hypothesized COVID-19-specific ecosystemic resilience profiles and the application of a person-centered ecosystemic framework to identify which AI adolescents are most likely to experience substance use changes during a life-altering crisis like COVID-19.
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Gan X, Xiang GX, Jin X, Zhu CS, Yu CF. How Does Family Dysfunction Influence Internet Gaming Disorder? Testing a Moderated Serial Mediation Model Among Chinese Adolescents. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00895-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Kelley A, McCoy T, Skye M, Singer M, Craig Rushing S, Perkins T, Donald C, Rajani K, Morgan B, Milligan K, Zaback T, Lambert W. Psychometric evaluation of protective measures in Native STAND: A multi-site cross-sectional study of American Indian Alaska Native high school students. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268510. [PMID: 35580116 PMCID: PMC9113605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) youth are strong in culture and rich in heritage and experience unique strengths and challenges throughout adolescence. Documenting conditions that protect against risk factors associated with poor health outcomes are needed. We explored scales that measure self-esteem, culture, social support, and community from a sample of 1,456 youth involved in Native STAND, a culturally-relevant evidence-based sexual health intervention. We established content validity by reviewing existing literature and community feedback. Construct validity was examined using factor analysis. The final self-esteem model included seven items, factor loadings ranged from 0.47 to 0.63 for positive self-esteem and 0.77 to 0.81 for negative self-esteem. The final culture model included three items, factor loadings 0.73 to 0.89. The social support scale included four items, factor loadings ranged from 0.86 to 0.87 for family social support and 0.75 to 0.77 for friends social support. The community and community safety scale included three items; factor loadings ranged from 0.52 to 0.82. Coefficient alphas for scales ranged from α = 0.63 to α = 0.86. This study validated scales in a national sample of AI/AN youth-psychometric scales provide an essential tool for documenting the needs and strengths of AI/AN youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson Kelley
- Allyson Kelley and Associates, Sisters, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Thomas McCoy
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Megan Skye
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Family Planning, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Michelle Singer
- Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | | | - Tamara Perkins
- NPC Research, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Caitlin Donald
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Family Planning, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Kavita Rajani
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Family Planning, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Brittany Morgan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Kelley Milligan
- Allyson Kelley and Associates, Sisters, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Tosha Zaback
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Family Planning, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - William Lambert
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Family Planning, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
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Hunter A, Carlos M, Muniz FB, Leybas Nuño V, Tippeconnic Fox MJ, Carvajal S, Lameman B, Yuan N. Participation in a Culturally Grounded Program Strengthens Cultural Identity, Self-esteem, and Resilience in Urban Indigenous Adolescents. AMERICAN INDIAN AND ALASKA NATIVE MENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 29:1-21. [PMID: 35255147 PMCID: PMC10726381 DOI: 10.5820/aian.2901.2022.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Culturally grounded after-school programs (ASPs) aim to promote health and well-being among Indigenous youth. Native Spirit is a 10-session ASP that focuses on local cultural values and activities facilitated by local cultural practitioners. This pilot study used a single group, pretest-posttest design (N = 18) with Indigenous adolescents in grades 7-12 and conducted participant interviews (N = 11) to assess the impact of the program on cultural identity, self-esteem, and resilience. There were immediate post-program increases in mean strength in cultural identity (p = 0.002), resilience (p = 0.161), and self-esteem (p = 0.268). Themes related to benefits of program participation included curiosity and commitment to cultural identity, increases in self-esteem, and ability to build resilience. This study provides new insights on the relationship between cultural engagement and adolescent health.
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The impact of healthy lifestyles on academic achievement among Italian adolescents. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01614-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWe evaluated the association between healthy lifestyles and academic achievement in a sample of 373 adolescent Italian students. Specifically, we investigated on the association between use of illegal drugs, habits to practice a regular physical, typology of diet, levels of social support, levels of self-esteem, level of Internet use, perceived stress and amount of sleep and academic achievement. Academic performance was positively correlated with good diet, perceived social support, and self-esteem. A statistically significant difference emerged between students with high versus low correct grade point averages in relation to lifetime and current use of illegal drugs. Last, academic performance was negatively correlated with Internet use, perceived stress, and bad diet. A multiple regression analysis was conducted in order to predict academic achievement based on good diet, physical activity, self-esteem, sleep hours, perceived stress, problematic Internet use, perceived social support, and lifetime substance use while controlling for age, gender, and years of education. As expected, healthy lifestyles behaviors were highlighted as a significant predictor in academic achievement. Specifically, it was showed that a good diet as well as nonproblematic Internet use significantly predicted academic success. Moreover, it was found that gender did not moderate the relationship between those predictors and academic achievement. The results of our study show that to practice healthy lifestyle behaviors is a relevant factor for a better performance at school, at least in our sample.
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Swaim RC, Stanley LR. Latent Class Analysis and Predictors of Marijuana Use among Reservation-based American Indian High School Students. J Psychoactive Drugs 2021; 54:99-109. [PMID: 33944694 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2021.1918806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
American Indian (AI) youth residing on reservations report higher rates of marijuana use compared to national youth. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify unique types of marijuana use among 2,884 AI high school students surveyed from 26 schools across six indigenous geographic regions. Predictors of class membership were then assessed using social, cultural, and individual measures relevant to adolescent substance use. Classes and predictors were examined separately for males and females. Four-class models fit the data best for both male and female AI students. Classes differed by sex, as did predictors. Overall, social predictors related to family and peers and the individual predictor, using marijuana to cope, were the best predictors of class membership. Based on these results, prevention and intervention efforts should provide alternative coping methods for these adolescents who often live in difficult situations, and should focus on encouraging parents to effectively monitor their adolescent children and communicate clear sanctions against marijuana use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall C Swaim
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Linda R Stanley
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Indigenous ethnic identity, in-group warmth, and psychological wellbeing: A longitudinal study of Māori. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01636-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AbstractLongitudinal studies into the relationship between affect (positive or negative feelings) towards one’s own ethnic group and wellbeing are rare, particularly for Indigenous peoples. In this paper, we test the longitudinal effects of in-group warmth (a measure of ethnic identity affect) and ethnic identity centrality on three wellbeing measures for New Zealand Māori: life satisfaction (LS), self-esteem (SE), and personal wellbeing (PW). Longitudinal panel data collected from Māori (N = 3803) aged 18 or over throughout seven annual assessments (2009–2015) in the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study were analyzed using latent trajectory models with structured residuals to examine cross-lagged within-person effects. Higher in-group warmth towards Māori predicted increases in all three wellbeing measures, even more strongly than ethnic identity centrality. Bi-directionally, PW and SE predicted increased in-group warmth, and SE predicted ethnic identification. Further, in sample-level (between-person) trends, LS and PW rose, but ethnic identity centrality interestingly declined over time. This is the first large-scale longitudinal study showing a strong relationship between positive affect towards one’s Indigenous ethnic group and wellbeing. Efforts at cultural recovery and restoration have been a deliberate protective response to colonization, but among Māori, enculturation and access to traditional cultural knowledge varies widely. The data reported here underline the role of ethnic identity affect as an important dimension of wellbeing and call for continued research into the role of this dimension of ethnic identity for Indigenous peoples.
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Gonzalez MB, Herman KA, Walls ML. Culture, Social Support, and Diabetes Empowerment Among American Indian Adults Living With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Spectr 2020; 33:156-164. [PMID: 32425453 PMCID: PMC7228815 DOI: 10.2337/ds19-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE | Type 2 diabetes represents a major health disparity for many American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) communities, in which prevalence rates are more than double that of the general U.S. population. Diabetes is a major indicator for other comorbidities, including the leading cause of death for AIANs (i.e., cardiovascular disease). This study investigated associations between protective factors (social support and cultural factors) and self-reported empowerment to manage illness. DESIGN AND METHODS | Participants were drawn from a random sample of tribal clinic records. Data included results from computer-assisted personal interviews with 192 American Indian adults with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes living on or near a reservation. Community Research Councils, developed at each of the five partnering Anishinaabe reservations, oversaw protocols and procedures in this community-based participatory research collaboration. RESULTS | Multiple ordinary least squares regression models determined that general social support and diabetes-specific social support are positively related to diabetes empowerment. These associations persisted when both social support measures were added to the model, indicating independent effects of different types of social support. Cultural identity and cultural practices were positively related to diabetes empowerment in bivariate analyses; however, both measures dropped from statistical significance after accounting for all other covariates. An interaction term revealed a moderation effect through which cultural identity amplified the positive relationship between social support and diabetes empowerment. CONCLUSION | Results moderately support policy and risk-reduction efforts aiming at expanding social support networks into multiple domains and reinforcing cultural identity and cultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaley A Herman
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Duluth, MN
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Lu C, Benet-Martínez V, Robins RW. The Development of Ethnic Identity From Late Childhood to Young Adulthood: Findings From a 10-Year Longitudinal Study of Mexican-Origin Youth. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550619887699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Ethnic identity is a crucial developmental task for ethnic minority youth. The present study investigated the development of ethnic identity in a large sample of Mexican-origin youth ( N = 674) assessed biennially from age 10 to 19. Latent growth curve modeling was used to examine the trajectory of ethnic identity and its two facets: exploration (efforts to explore one’s ethnic group) and affirmation (positive connection to one’s ethnic group). Results showed a linear decline over time for ethnic identity and both facets; exploration declined more rapidly than affirmation. Using multigroup modeling, we tested whether the trajectories differ across gender and nativity. Compared to boys, girls’ ethnic identity, exploration, and affirmation decreased less. The trajectories did not differ for youth born in Mexico versus the United States. Discussion considers the impact of developmental, acculturative, and social–contextual processes on ethnic identity development as well unique features of our ethnic identity measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh Lu
- National Chengchi University, Taipei
- University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Explaining gender-typed educational choice in adolescence: The role of social identity, self-concept, goals, grades, and interests. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hong FY, Cheng KT, Tran TPT. Study on the Relationship Among Perceived Emotionally Painful Events in Schools and Families, Self-esteem, and Health Problems of University Students in Taiwan. JOURNAL OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10804-018-9310-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Henson M, Sabo S, Trujillo A, Teufel-Shone N. Identifying Protective Factors to Promote Health in American Indian and Alaska Native Adolescents: A Literature Review. J Prim Prev 2017; 38:5-26. [PMID: 27826690 PMCID: PMC5313316 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-016-0455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to protective factors, conditions that protect against the occurrence of an undesirable outcome or promote the occurrence of a desirable outcome within an adolescent's environment, can foster healthy adolescent behaviors and reduce adult morbidity and mortality. Yet, little is known about the nature and effect of protective factors on the positive social and health outcomes among American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) adolescents. We conducted a review of the literature to identify the protective factors associated with positive health outcomes among AIAN adolescents. We consulted Elsevier Science Direct, ERIC EBSCOhost, PubMed, and the Web of Science databases. A total of 3421 articles were encountered. Excluded publications were those that did not focus on AIAN adolescents (n = 3341), did not identify protective factors (n = 56), were not original research studies (n = 8), or were not written in the English language. We identified nine categories of protective factors positively associated with health and social outcomes, including: current and/or future aspirations, personal wellness, positive self-image, self-efficacy, non-familial connectedness, family connectedness, positive opportunities, positive social norms, and cultural connectedness. Such factors positively influenced adolescent alcohol, tobacco, and substance use; delinquent and violent behavior; emotional health including depression, suicide attempt; resilience; and academic success. Protective factors spanned multiple domains of the socio-ecological model. Strengths-based health promotion efforts that leverage local, innate protective factors and work with AIANs to create environments rich in protective factors are key to improving the health and wellbeing of AIAN adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Henson
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Center for American Indian Resilience, Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona College of Public Health, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
| | - Samantha Sabo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona College of Public Health, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Aurora Trujillo
- Native Nations Institute, 803 E 1st Street, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Nicolette Teufel-Shone
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Center for American Indian Resilience, Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona College of Public Health, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
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Rubie-Davies CM, Peterson ER. Relations between teachers' achievement, over- and underestimation, and students' beliefs for Māori and Pākehā students. CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Walls ML, Whitbeck L, Armenta B. A Cautionary Tale: Examining the Interplay of Culturally Specific Risk and Resilience Factors in Indigenous Communities. Clin Psychol Sci 2016; 4:732-743. [PMID: 28138417 DOI: 10.1177/2167702616645795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Efforts to build empirical evidence for the protective effects of Indigenous cultural factors on psychological health have yielded mixed findings. We examine the interplay of previously hypothesized culturally relevant risk (discrimination, historical loss) and protective (spiritual activities) factors among Indigenous people. The sample includes 569 Indigenous adolescents (M age = 17.23, SD = 0.88; 51.0% girls) and 563 Indigenous adult caregivers (M age = 44.66, SD = 9.18; 77.4% women). Our central finding was that indigenous spirituality was associated with poorer psychological outcomes across several domains (depressive symptoms, anger, anxiety, somatization and interpersonal difficulties), but observed effects were attenuated once perceived discrimination and historical losses were added to statistical models. Thus, consideration of relevant stressors drastically changed our conclusions, underscoring the uncertain dynamics through which specific Indigenous cultural factors impact mental health. Researchers should work in collaboration with Indigenous communities to improve measurement and empirical investigation of these complex constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L Walls
- University of Minnesota Medical School-Duluth 1035 University Drive 235 SMed Duluth, MN 55812 218-726-8367 (telephone) 218-726-7559 (fax)
| | - Les Whitbeck
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln 711 Oldfather Hall Lincoln, NE 68588-0324
| | - Brian Armenta
- Department of Psychological Sciences, 200 S. 7th Street, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
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Kulis SS, Robbins DE, Baker TM, Denetsosie S, Deschine Parkhurst NA. A latent class analysis of urban American Indian youth identities. CULTURAL DIVERSITY & ETHNIC MINORITY PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 22:215-228. [PMID: 25894833 PMCID: PMC4615273 DOI: 10.1037/cdp0000024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined sources of indigenous identity among urban American Indian youth that map the three theoretical dimensions of a model advanced by Markstrom: identification (tribal and ethnic heritage), connection (through family and reservation ties), and involvement in traditional culture and spirituality. METHOD Data came from self-administered questionnaires completed by 208 urban American Indian students from five middle schools in a large metropolitan area in the Southwest. RESULTS Descriptive statistics showed most youth were connected to multiple indicators on all three dimensions of indigenous identity: native parental heritage, native best friends, past and current reservation connections, involvement with cultural practices, tribal language and spirituality, and alignment with native and mainstream cultural orientations. A latent class analysis identified five classes. There were two larger groups, one with strong native heritage and the highest levels of enculturation, and another that was more bicultural in orientation. The remaining three groups were smaller and about equal in size: a highly acculturated group with mixed parental ethnic heritage, those who had strong native heritage but were culturally disengaged, and a group with some mixed ethnic heritage that was low on indicators of enculturation. Evidence for the validity of the latent classes came from significant variations across the classes in scores on an American Indian ethnic identity (modified Phinney) scale, the students' open-ended descriptions of the main sources of their indigenous identities, and the better academic grades of classes that were more culturally engaged. CONCLUSIONS Despite the challenges of maintaining cultural identities in the urban environment, most youth in this sample expressed a strong sense of indigenous identity, claimed personal and parental tribal heritage, remained connected to reservation communities, and actively engaged in Native cultural and spiritual life.
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Yasui M, Dishion TJ, Stormshak E, Ball A. Socialization of Culture and Coping with Discrimination Among American Indian Families: Examining Cultural Correlates of Youth Outcomes. JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR SOCIAL WORK AND RESEARCH 2015; 6:317-341. [PMID: 28503256 PMCID: PMC5426859 DOI: 10.1086/682575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study examines the interrelations between observed parental cultural socialization and socialization of coping with discrimination, and youth outcomes among a sample of 92 American Indian adolescents and their parents in a rural reservation. METHOD Path analysis is used to examine the relationships among observed parental socialization (cultural socialization and socialization of coping with discrimination), and youth-reported perceived discrimination, ethnic identity and depression. RESULTS Findings reveal that higher levels of observed parental cultural socialization and socialization of coping with discrimination predict lower levels of depression as reported by youth 1 year later. Path analyses also show that observed parental cultural socialization and socialization of coping with discrimination are positively associated with youth ethnic identity. CONCLUSIONS These findings point to the importance of integrating familial socialization of culture and coping with discrimination in fostering resilience among American Indian youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Yasui
- School of Social Service Administration at the University of Chicago
| | | | - Elizabeth Stormshak
- Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Services in the College of Education at the University of Oregon
| | - Alison Ball
- Tribal Health for the Colville Confederated Tribes
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Physical Activity Enhances Self-Esteem of Male College Students; a Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2015. [DOI: 10.20286/ijtmgh-030298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Park KM, Park H. Effects of Self-esteem Improvement Program on Self-esteem and Peer Attachment in Elementary School Children with Observed Problematic Behaviors. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2015; 9:53-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Apantaku-Olajide T, James PD, Smyth BP. Association of Educational Attainment and Adolescent Substance Use Disorder in a Clinical Sample. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/1067828x.2013.786921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tunde Apantaku-Olajide
- a Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick , Saint John , NB , Canada
- b Saint John Regional Hospital , Saint John , NB , Canada
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Smokowski PR, Evans CBR, Cotter KL, Webber KC. Ethnic identity and mental health in American Indian youth: examining mediation pathways through self-esteem, and future optimism. J Youth Adolesc 2013; 43:343-55. [PMID: 23929530 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-013-9992-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mental health functioning in American Indian youth is an understudied topic. Given the increased rates of depression and anxiety in this population, further research is needed. Using multiple group structural equation modeling, the current study illuminates the effect of ethnic identity on anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and externalizing behavior in a group of Lumbee adolescents and a group of Caucasian, African American, and Latino/Hispanic adolescents. This study examined two possible pathways (i.e., future optimism and self-esteem) through which ethnic identity is associated with adolescent mental health. The sample (N = 4,714) is 28.53% American Indian (Lumbee) and 51.38% female. The study findings indicate that self-esteem significantly mediated the relationships between ethnic identity and anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and externalizing behavior for all racial/ethnic groups (i.e., the total sample). Future optimism significantly mediated the relationship between ethnic identity and externalizing behavior for all racial/ethnic groups and was a significant mediator between ethnic identity and depressive symptoms for American Indian youth only. Fostering ethnic identity in all youth serves to enhance mental health functioning, but is especially important for American Indian youth due to the collective nature of their culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Smokowski
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB # 3550, 325 Pittsboro Street, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-3550, USA,
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Mousseau AC, Scott WD, Estes D. Values and depressive symptoms in American Indian youth of the Northern Plains: examining the potential moderating roles of outcome expectancies and perceived community values. J Youth Adolesc 2013; 43:426-36. [PMID: 23857243 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-013-9982-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Very little is known about processes contributing to depressive experiences in American Indian youth. We explored the relationship between value priorities and depressive symptoms among 183 (65% female) American Indian youth in grades 9-12. In addition, two potential moderators of this relationship were examined: value outcome expectations (i.e., whether one expects that values will be realized or not) and perceived community values. We found that American Indian youth who endorsed higher levels of tradition/benevolence values reported fewer depressive symptoms. However, the relationship between endorsing power/materialism values and depressive symptoms depended on the extent to which youth perceived their communities as valuing power/materialism. Finally, value outcome expectancies appeared to relate more strongly to depressive symptoms than did value priorities. Overall, these findings support tribal community efforts to impart tradition/benevolence values to American Indian youth but also emphasize the importance of attending to value outcome expectations and the perceived values of the community in understanding American Indian youth's depressive experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia C Mousseau
- Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, P.O. Box 3415, Laramie, WY, 82071-3415, USA,
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A longitudinal study of self-efficacy and depressive symptoms in youth of a North American Plains tribe. Dev Psychopathol 2012; 24:607-22. [PMID: 22559134 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579412000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWe used a 3-year cross-sequential longitudinal design to examine the relations between self-efficacy judgments in three different domains (academic, social, resisting negative peer influences), cultural identity, theories of intelligence, and depressive symptoms. One hundred ninety-eight American Indian youths participated in the study, who all attended a middle school on a reservation in the northern plains of the United States. We conducted multilevel models to examine both between- and within-person associations as well as to investigate lagged within-youth associations. We found that not only did youths with relatively high self-efficacy have lower depressive symptom levels than other youths, but also increases in efficacy beliefs for academic, social, and for resisting negative peer influences predicted decreases in depressive symptoms within youths, even after controlling for previous levels of depressive symptoms as well as both contemporaneous and previous academic achievement. Neither cultural identity nor theories of intelligence moderated the relationship between self-efficacy and depression. As the first evidence that within-youth improvements in self-efficacy has developmental benefits, our findings help fill a long empty niche in the line of studies investigating the impact of efficacy beliefs on depressive symptoms.
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Schweigman K, Soto C, Wright S, Unger J. The relevance of cultural activities in ethnic identity among California Native American youth. J Psychoactive Drugs 2012; 43:343-8. [PMID: 22400467 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2011.629155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
This study analyzed data from a large statewide sample of Native American adolescents throughout California to determine whether participation in cultural practices was associated with stronger ethnic identity. The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM) scale was used to measure the ethnic identity of 945 Native American adolescents (416 male, 529 female) aged 13 - 19 across California. Respondents who participated in cultural activities including pow-wows, sweat lodge, drum group and roundhouse dance reported significantly higher Native American ethnic identity than their counterparts who did not take part in cultural activities. The association between cultural activities and ethnic identity was only significant among urban youth and not among reservation youth. Higher grades in school were associated with ethnic identity among females but not among males. Findings from this study show a strong association between cultural activities and traditional practices with tribal enculturation among Native American youth in California. Cultural-based practices to enhance Native identity could be useful to improve mental and behavioral health among Native American youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Schweigman
- Native American Health Center, Family & Child Guidance Clinic, 3124 International Blvd, Oakland, CA 94601, USA.
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Huang CY, Stormshak EA. A longitudinal examination of early adolescence ethnic identity trajectories. CULTURAL DIVERSITY & ETHNIC MINORITY PSYCHOLOGY 2011; 17:261-270. [PMID: 21787058 PMCID: PMC3144497 DOI: 10.1037/a0023882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Early adolescence is marked by transitions for adolescents, and is also a time for identity exploration. Ethnic identity is an essential component of youths' sense of self. In this study we examined the trajectories of ethnic identity for adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds during a 4-year period. Six latent class trajectories were identified in the study: the majority of adolescents (41.8%) displayed growth in ethnic identity over 4 years, followed by 30.1% whose high levels of ethnic identity remained stable, then by those who experienced moderate decreases in ethnic identity (10.8%). Another class of adolescents (7.3%) showed significant declines in ethnic identity level, followed by 5.5% of adolescents with significant increases, and finally by 4.5% of adolescents with low stable levels of ethnic identity during this developmental period. The classes differed by ethnicity, and adolescents with increasing high levels of ethnic identity reported better parent-child relationships. Findings and implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Y. Huang
- Child and Family Center, University of Oregon, 195 W. 12th Ave., Eugene, OR 97401-3408, Phone: 541-346-4805, Fax: 541-346-4858
| | - Elizabeth A. Stormshak
- Child and Family Center, University of Oregon, 195 W. 12th Ave., Eugene, OR 97401-3408, Phone: 541-346-4805, Fax: 541-346-4858
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Novins DK, Aarons GA, Conti SG, Dahlke D, Daw R, Fickenscher A, Fleming C, Love C, Masis K, Spicer P. Use of the evidence base in substance abuse treatment programs for American Indians and Alaska Natives: pursuing quality in the crucible of practice and policy. Implement Sci 2011; 6:63. [PMID: 21679438 PMCID: PMC3145574 DOI: 10.1186/1748-5908-6-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A variety of forces are now shaping a passionate debate regarding the optimal approaches to improving the quality of substance abuse services for American Indian and Alaska Native communities. While there have been some highly successful efforts to meld the traditions of American Indian and Alaska Native tribes with that of 12-step approaches, some American Indian and Alaska Natives remain profoundly uncomfortable with the dominance of this Euro-American approach to substance abuse treatment in their communities. This longstanding tension has now been complicated by the emergence of a number of evidence-based treatments that, while holding promise for improving treatment for American Indian and Alaska Natives with substance use problems, may conflict with both American Indian and Alaska Native and 12-step healing traditions. DISCUSSION We convened a panel of experts from American Indian and Alaska Native communities, substance abuse treatment programs serving these communities, and researchers to discuss and analyze these controversies in preparation for a national study of American Indian and Alaska Native substance abuse services. While the panel identified programs that are using evidence-based treatments, members still voiced concerns about the cultural appropriateness of many evidence-based treatments as well as the lack of guidance on how to adapt them for use with American Indians and Alaska Natives. The panel concluded that the efforts of federal and state policymakers to promote the use of evidence-based treatments are further complicating an already-contentious debate within American Indian and Alaska Native communities on how to provide effective substance abuse services. This external pressure to utilize evidence-based treatments is particularly problematic given American Indian and Alaska Native communities' concerns about protecting their sovereign status. SUMMARY Broadening this conversation beyond its primary focus on the use of evidence-based treatments to other salient issues such as building the necessary research evidence (including incorporating American Indian and Alaska Native cultural values into clinical practice) and developing the human and infrastructural resources to support the use of this evidence may be far more effective for advancing efforts to improve substance abuse services for American Indian and Alaska Native communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas K Novins
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Mail Stop F800, 13055 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80010, USA
| | - Gregory A Aarons
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr. #0812, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Dennis Dahlke
- Peaceful Spirit ARC, 296 Mouache Street, P.O. Box 429, Ignacio, CO 81137, USA
| | - Raymond Daw
- Navajo Department of Behavioral Health Services, Window Rock, AZ 86515, USA
| | - Alexandra Fickenscher
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Mail Stop F800, 13055 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80010, USA
| | - Candace Fleming
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Mail Stop F800, 13055 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80010, USA
| | - Craig Love
- Westat, 1600 Research Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Kathleen Masis
- Montana-Wyoming Tribal Leaders Council, 222 North 32nd Street, Suite 401, Billings, MT 59101, USA
| | - Paul Spicer
- Center for Applied Social Research, Two Partners Place, 3100 Monitor Avenue, Suite 100, Norman, OK 73072, USA
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Yu M. Tobacco Use Among American Indian or Alaska Native Middle- and High-School Students in the United States. Nicotine Tob Res 2010; 13:173-81. [DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntq233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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