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Souza TP, Rodríguez-Vega A, Dutra-Tavares AC, Semeão KA, Filgueiras CC, Ribeiro-Carvalho A, Manhães AC, Abreu-Villaça Y. Nucleus Accumbens Proteome Disbalance in an Adolescent Mouse Model of Schizophrenia and Nicotine Misuse Comorbidity. Biomedicines 2025; 13:901. [PMID: 40299488 PMCID: PMC12025060 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines13040901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2025] [Revised: 04/01/2025] [Accepted: 04/02/2025] [Indexed: 04/30/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Schizophrenia and nicotine misuse are a comorbid condition that frequently develops during adolescence. Considering the role of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) as a common neurobiological substrate for these psychiatric disorders, label-free proteomics was employed to identify NAcc deregulated proteins in male and female mouse models of schizophrenia with a history of adolescent nicotine exposure. Methods: Phencyclidine was used to model schizophrenia, and minipump infusions were used to model nicotine misuse. Results: Enrichment Reactome pathway and protein-protein interaction analyses showed that the cytoskeleton and associated synaptic plasticity mechanisms, energy metabolism, and nervous system development were affected in both sexes. In particular, Ncam1 (Neural cell adhesion molecule 1) could be of interest as a candidate marker of synaptic plasticity disbalance. Its deregulation in the NAcc of both sexes suggests that it lies at the core of the comorbidity pathophysiology. When considering sex-selective effects, Cs (Citrate synthase) and Mapk3 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3) were identified as exclusively deregulated in female and male mice, respectively. Since both proteins were previously shown to be exclusively deregulated in the medial prefrontal cortex of co-modeled mice, a common mesocortical and mesolimbic system effect can be inferred, supporting the role of aberrant energy metabolism and synaptic plasticity in the comorbidity model. Conclusions: The current data provide insights into the NAcc proteome disbalance in an adolescent preclinical model of combined schizophrenia and nicotine misuse, pointing to relevant pathways and early markers of the comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thainá Pereira Souza
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Av. Prof. Manuel de Abreu 444, 5 Andar—Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (T.P.S.); (A.R.-V.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Andrés Rodríguez-Vega
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Av. Prof. Manuel de Abreu 444, 5 Andar—Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (T.P.S.); (A.R.-V.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Ana Carolina Dutra-Tavares
- Departamento de Ciências Biomédicas e Saúde, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Cabo Frio 28905-320, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Keila A. Semeão
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Av. Prof. Manuel de Abreu 444, 5 Andar—Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (T.P.S.); (A.R.-V.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Claudio Carneiro Filgueiras
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Av. Prof. Manuel de Abreu 444, 5 Andar—Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (T.P.S.); (A.R.-V.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Anderson Ribeiro-Carvalho
- Departamento de Ciências, Faculdade de Formação de Professores, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), São Gonçalo 24435-005, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Alex Christian Manhães
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Av. Prof. Manuel de Abreu 444, 5 Andar—Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (T.P.S.); (A.R.-V.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Yael Abreu-Villaça
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Av. Prof. Manuel de Abreu 444, 5 Andar—Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil; (T.P.S.); (A.R.-V.); (K.A.S.); (C.C.F.); (A.C.M.)
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Jin YJ, Park J. Sex Differences in Risk Factors for Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Korean Adolescents. Soa Chongsonyon Chongsin Uihak 2024; 35:258-265. [PMID: 39380566 PMCID: PMC11456653 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.240033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to examine sex differences in the risk factors associated with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) among Korean adolescents to provide insights for drafting more effective prevention strategies. Methods Data from 51845 middle and high school students in the 18th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey were analyzed. GAD was assessed using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder tool, and factors such as grade, academic performance, economic status, living arrangements, smoking, drinking, sexual experience, and physical activity were included. The prevalence of GAD and its association with these factors were compared between male and female students using chi-square tests and logistic regression. Odds ratios were compared statistically to identify sex-specific differences. Results GAD prevalence was higher among girls (42.1%) than boys (30.1%). Both sexes showed increased GAD risk with lower academic performance, lower economic status, smoking, drinking, and sexual experience. Boys living apart from their families had a higher GAD risk, but this was not significant for girls. Additionally, smoking and drinking were associated with a higher increase in GAD risk in girls than in boys. Conclusion This study underscores the importance of considering sex differences in the prevention of GAD among adolescents. Tailored sex-specific interventions are crucial for effective prevention and management of GAD in Korean adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yea-Ju Jin
- Department of Big Data Medical Convergence, Eulji University, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - JooYong Park
- Department of Big Data Medical Convergence, Eulji University, Seongnam,
Korea
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Pham HT, Lanza ST, Claus ED, Heim CM, Noll JG, Shenk CE, Schreier HM. Sex differences in the roles of nicotine use and puberty on youth C-reactive protein levels: Effects above and beyond adversity. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 40:100841. [PMID: 39252982 PMCID: PMC11381809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation likely mediates associations between nicotine use and negative health outcomes. Sex differences have been observed in nicotine use-inflammation links, and physiological processes during puberty might allow for these differences to arise. In this cross-sectional study of 498 youth (ages 8-13, 52% girls, 77% with history of child maltreatment (CM) investigation), sex-differentiated associations between self-reported nicotine use and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were explored. Additionally, self-reported pubertal stage was investigated as a moderator of such nicotine use-hs-CRP links. Hierarchical generalized estimating equation models were adjusted for a wide range of adversity effects: CM investigation history derived from state records, self- and caregiver-report of traumatic life events, adversity-related demographic risk factors (i.e., identification with historically marginalized racial and ethnic groups, household income), and other characteristics that may influence the variables of interest (e.g., medication use, age, body mass index). Nicotine use had a negative main effect on hs-CRP among boys (β = -0.50, p = 0.02), and pubertal stage did not moderate this association (β = 0.06, p = 0.71). In contrast, pubertal stage moderated the association between nicotine use and hs-CRP among girls (β = 0.48, p = 0.02) such that a positive association between nicotine use and hs-CRP levels was stronger at more advanced pubertal stages (β = 0.45, SE = 0.21, 95% CI [0.03, 0.87]). Findings suggest that puberty may influence the effect of nicotine on inflammation in sex-differentiated ways and have implications for timing of prevention and treatment efforts geared toward reducing nicotine use and subsequent inflammation-related health risk among youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly T. Pham
- Department of Psychology, 239 Moore Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States
| | - Stephanie T. Lanza
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, 219 Biobehavioral Health Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States
| | - Eric D. Claus
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, 219 Biobehavioral Health Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States
| | - Christine M. Heim
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jennie G. Noll
- Department of Psychology and Mount Hope Family Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Chad E. Shenk
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Hannah M.C. Schreier
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, 219 Biobehavioral Health Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States
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Karatayev O, Collier AD, Targoff SR, Leibowitz SF. Neurological Disorders Induced by Drug Use: Effects of Adolescent and Embryonic Drug Exposure on Behavioral Neurodevelopment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8341. [PMID: 39125913 PMCID: PMC11313660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies demonstrate that the risk of developing neurological disorders is increased by overconsumption of the commonly used drugs, alcohol, nicotine and cannabis. These drug-induced neurological disorders, which include substance use disorder (SUD) and its co-occurring emotional conditions such as anxiety and depression, are observed not only in adults but also with drug use during adolescence and after prenatal exposure to these drugs, and they are accompanied by long-lasting disturbances in brain development. This report provides overviews of clinical and preclinical studies, which confirm these adverse effects in adolescents and the offspring prenatally exposed to the drugs and include a more in-depth description of specific neuronal systems, their neurocircuitry and molecular mechanisms, affected by drug exposure and of specific techniques used to determine if these effects in the brain are causally related to the behavioral disturbances. With analysis of further studies, this review then addresses four specific questions that are important for fully understanding the impact that drug use in young individuals can have on future pregnancies and their offspring. Evidence demonstrates that the adverse effects on their brain and behavior can occur: (1) at low doses with short periods of drug exposure during pregnancy; (2) after pre-conception drug use by both females and males; (3) in subsequent generations following the initial drug exposure; and (4) in a sex-dependent manner, with drug use producing a greater risk in females than males of developing SUDs with emotional conditions and female offspring after prenatal drug exposure responding more adversely than male offspring. With the recent rise in drug use by adolescents and pregnant women that has occurred in association with the legalization of cannabis and increased availability of vaping tools, these conclusions from the clinical and preclinical literature are particularly alarming and underscore the urgent need to educate young women and men about the possible harmful effects of early drug use and to seek novel therapeutic strategies that might help to limit drug use in young individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarah F. Leibowitz
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neurobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; (O.K.); (S.R.T.)
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Qiu X, Han X, Wang Y, Ding W, Sun Y, Lei H, Zhou Y, Lin F. Sex Differences in Alterations of Brain Functional Network in Tobacco Use Disorder. Nicotine Tob Res 2024; 26:1049-1056. [PMID: 38195240 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntae002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many studies have found sex differences in alterations of brain function in cigarette-smoking adults from the perspective of functional activity or connectivity. However, no studies have systematically found different alteration patterns in brain functional topology of cigarette-smoking men and women from three perspectives: nodal and network efficiency and modular connections. AIMS AND METHODS Fifty-six tobacco use disorder (TUD) participants (25 women) and 66 non-TUD participants (28 women) underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The whole-brain functional networks were constructed, and a two-way analysis of covariance with false discovery rate correction (q < 0.05) was performed to investigate whether men and women TUD participants had different alterations in the topological features at global, modular, and nodal levels. RESULTS Compared to non-TUD participants, men but not women TUD participants showed significantly lower global efficiency (lower intermodular connections between the visual and executive control and between the visual and subcortical modules did not pass the correction) and significantly lower nodal global efficiency in the right superior occipital gyrus, bilateral fusiform gyrus, the right pallidum, right putamen, the bilateral paracentral lobule, the postcentral gyrus, and lower nodal local efficiency in the left paracentral lobule. CONCLUSIONS Men and women TUD participants have different topological properties of brain functional network, which may contribute to our understanding of neural mechanisms underlying sex differences in TUD. IMPLICATIONS Compared to non-TUD participants, we found men but not women TUD participants with significantly lower network metrics at global, modular, and nodal levels, which could improve our understanding of neural mechanisms underlying sex differences in TUD and lay a solid foundation for future sex-based TUD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxin Qiu
- Institute of Mental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weina Ding
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yawen Sun
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Lei
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuchun Lin
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Mayorga NA, Redmond BY, Salwa A, Shepherd JM, Garey L, Asfar T, Zvolensky MJ. Evaluating the role of smoking abstinence expectancies in the relation between perceived ethnic discrimination and cigarette dependence among Latinx individuals who smoke. Addict Behav 2024; 148:107864. [PMID: 37778236 PMCID: PMC11200200 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The experience of perceived ethnic discrimination is prevalent and has harmful effects across various behavioral health processes among Latinx persons. Yet, there is limited work on the association between perceived ethnic discrimination and smoking among this health disparities group. Building from initial work that has demonstrated a relationship between perceived ethnic discrimination and smoking abstinence expectancies, the present study sought to explore mechanisms by which perceived ethnic discrimination may be related to cigarette dependence. Specifically, we tested the indirect effect of perceived ethnic discrimination on cigarette dependence through smoking abstinence expectancies (i.e., negative mood, somatic symptoms, harmful consequences, and positive consequences) among Latinx persons who smoke (N = 338; Mage = 35.53 years; SD = 8.65; age range 18-61; 37.3% female). Results indicated that abstinence expectancies related to harmful consequences was a statistically significant underlying factor between the experience of perceived discrimination and cigarette dependence (b = 0.39, SE = 0.16, CI95% = 0.08, 0.71, CSE = 0.14). Overall, the present study suggests that smoking abstinence expectancies pertaining to harmful consequences may be a point of intervention for Latinx persons seeking to reduce or quit smoking. Future research is needed to extend the generalizability of these findings by corroborating the mediational role of abstinence expectancies related to harmful consequences across Latinx persons of varying cigarette use severity levels over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nubia A Mayorga
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, United States
| | | | - Aniqua Salwa
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, United States
| | | | - Lorra Garey
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, United States; HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, United States
| | - Taghrid Asfar
- Department of Public Health Science, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, United States
| | - Michael J Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, United States; HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, United States; Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States.
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Maxwell AM, Brucar LR, Zilverstand A. A systematic review of sex/gender differences in the multi-dimensional neurobiological mechanisms in addiction and their relevance to impulsivity. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2023; 10:770-792. [PMID: 39282614 PMCID: PMC11395779 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-023-00529-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Addiction may be characterized along three functional domains: Approach Behavior, Executive Function, and Negative Emotionality. Constructs underlying impulsivity thought to be relevant in addiction map on to these three functional domains. The purpose of the present review was to evaluate the extant research regarding sex/gender differences in the multi-dimensional domains of addiction using human neuroimaging and discuss their relevance to impulsivity. Recent Findings Few papers over the past two decades have used human neuroimaging to test sex/gender differences in addiction. There is therefore a significant gap in the literature regarding sex/gender differences in the neurobiological mechanisms driving the multi-dimensionality of addiction and their implications to impulsivity. Summary Of the 34 reviewed papers, the orbitofrontal cortex/ventromedial prefrontal cortex (OFC/vmPFC) was the most frequently reported brain region to evidence a sex/gender difference during fMRI tasks probing Approach Behavior and Negative Emotionality. This finding suggests potential sex/gender-specific patterns of subjective valuation in substance misuse, driven by OFC/vmPFC dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M. Maxwell
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Leyla R. Brucar
- Graduate Program in Cognitive Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Anna Zilverstand
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
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Li MT, Sun JW, Zhan LL, Antwi CO, Lv YT, Jia XZ, Ren J. The effect of seed location on functional connectivity: evidence from an image-based meta-analysis. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1120741. [PMID: 37325032 PMCID: PMC10264592 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1120741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Default mode network (DMN) is the most involved network in the study of brain development and brain diseases. Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) is the most used method to study DMN, but different studies are inconsistent in the selection of seed. To evaluate the effect of different seed selection on rsFC, we conducted an image-based meta-analysis (IBMA). Methods We identified 59 coordinates of seed regions of interest (ROIs) within the default mode network (DMN) from 11 studies (retrieved from Web of Science and Pubmed) to calculate the functional connectivity; then, the uncorrected t maps were obtained from the statistical analyses. The IBMA was performed with the t maps. Results We demonstrate that the overlap of meta-analytic maps across different seeds' ROIs within DMN is relatively low, which cautions us to be cautious with seeds' selection. Discussion Future studies using the seed-based functional connectivity method should take the reproducibility of different seeds into account. The choice of seed may significantly affect the connectivity results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Li
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jia-Wei Sun
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neuro, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lin-Lin Zhan
- School of Western Studies, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Ya-Ting Lv
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, The Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi-Ze Jia
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jun Ren
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
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Min JY, Levin J, Weinberger AH. Associations of tobacco cigarette use and dependence with substance use disorder treatment completion by sex/gender and race/ethnicity. J Subst Abuse Treat 2022; 140:108834. [PMID: 35803029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2022.108834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) are approximately five times more likely to smoke cigarettes than the general population. Individuals who smoke cigarettes have greater odds of SUD relapse compared to individuals who do not smoke cigarettes, but we know little about how cigarette use is related to SUD treatment completion overall by sex/gender or race/ethnicity. METHODS This study examined 2855 adults (71.98 % male; >70 % racial/ethnic minority) in outpatient and residential SUD treatment at a New York-based treatment agency over a six-month period in 2018. RESULTS Overall, approximately three-fourths of SUD treatment-seeking participants smoked cigarettes, with high rates across sex/gender and racial/ethnic groups. Nicotine dependence did not differ by sex/gender, and White Non-Hispanic adults had the highest levels of nicotine dependence across racial/ethnic groups. Those who smoked cigarettes were significantly less likely to complete treatment compared to those who did not smoke cigarettes (OR = 0.69; 95 % CI: 0.58, 0.82). The study found no overall differences in SUD treatment completion and length of stay by sex/gender or race/ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Given the high prevalence of cigarette smoking and lower odds of completing SUD treatment, the current system of care for SUD treatment may be enhanced by addressing cigarette smoking from onset of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yun Min
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Jacob Levin
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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10
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Beltz AM, Demidenko MI, Chaku N, Klump KL, Joseph JE. Intrauterine Device Use: A New Frontier for Behavioral Neuroendocrinology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:853714. [PMID: 35937811 PMCID: PMC9352855 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.853714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are the most-used reversible contraceptive method for women in the world, but little is known about their potential modulation of brain function, cognition, and behavior. This is disconcerting because research on other hormonal contraceptives, especially oral contraceptives (OCs), increasingly shows that exogenous sex hormones have behavioral neuroendocrine consequences, especially for gendered cognition, including spatial skills. Effects are small and nuanced, however, partially reflecting heterogeneity. The goal of this paper is to introduce IUD use as a new frontier for basic and applied research, and to offer key considerations for studying it, emphasizing the importance of multimodal investigations and person-specific analyses. The feasibility and utility of studying IUD users is illustrated by: scanning women who completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging mental rotations task; taking an individualized approach to mapping functional connectivity during the task using network analyses containing connections common across participants and unique to individual women, focusing on brain regions in putative mental rotations and default mode networks; and linking metrics of brain connectivity from the individualized networks to both mental rotations task performance and circulating hormone levels. IUD users provide a promising natural experiment for the interplay between exogenous and endogenous sex hormones, and they are likely qualitatively different from OC users with whom they are often grouped in hormonal contraceptive research. This paper underscores how future research on IUD users can advance basic neuroendocrinological knowledge and women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriene M. Beltz
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Natasha Chaku
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kelly L. Klump
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Jane E. Joseph
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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Sanvicente‐Vieira B, Rothmann LM, Esper NB, Tondo LP, Ferreira PE, Buchweitz A, Franco AR, Grassi‐Oliveira R. Sex differences in brain regional homogeneity during acute abstinence in cocaine use disorder. Addict Biol 2022; 27:e13177. [PMID: 35470550 PMCID: PMC9285589 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
There are significant sex differences in the clinical characteristics of cocaine use disorder (CUD). As this is a brain disorder that involves changes in functional connectivity, we investigated the existence of sex differences among people with CUD and controls. We used a data‐driven method comparing males (n = 20, CK‐M) and females with CUD (n = 20, CK‐F) and healthy controls (20 males, HC‐M and 20 females, HC‐F). The participants undertook a resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging exam. Regional homogeneity (ReHo) was performed to identify group and sex differences. Persons with CUD of both sexes presented lower ReHo parameters than controls, especially within the parietal lobule. Males with CUD showed higher ReHo than females in three right‐side brain areas: postcentral gyrus, putamen and fusiform gyrus. It was found that abstinence symptoms severity was associated with lower ReHo values in the right postcentral gyrus and the right fusiform gyrus. Participants with CUD exhibited altered ReHo parameters compared to controls, similar to what is found in ageing‐related disorders. Our data also indicate that cocaine has sex‐specific effects on brain functioning when analysing ReHo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno Sanvicente‐Vieira
- Brain Institute Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) Porto Alegre Brazil
- Laboratory of Individual Differences and Psychopathology Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC‐Rio) Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Leonardo Melo Rothmann
- Brain Institute Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) Porto Alegre Brazil
| | | | - Lucca Pizzato Tondo
- Brain Institute Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Pedro Eugênio Ferreira
- Brain Institute Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Augusto Buchweitz
- Brain Institute Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) Porto Alegre Brazil
- Department of Psychology University of Connecticut Stamford USA
| | - Alexandre Rosa Franco
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research Orangeburg New York USA
- Center for the Developing Brain Child Mind Institute New York New York USA
- Department of Psychiatry NYU Grossman School of Medicine New York New York USA
| | - Rodrigo Grassi‐Oliveira
- Brain Institute Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) Porto Alegre Brazil
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
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12
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Wen Z, Han X, Wang Y, Ding W, Sun Y, Kang Y, Zhou Y, Lei H, Lin F. Sex-Dependent Alterations of Regional Homogeneity in Cigarette Smokers. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:874893. [PMID: 35546937 PMCID: PMC9082268 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.874893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological sex may play a large role in cigarette use and cessation outcomes and neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that cigarette smoking is associated with sex-related differences in brain structure and function. However, less is known about sex-specific alterations in spontaneous brain activity in cigarette smokers. In this study, we investigated the sex-related effects of cigarette smoking on local spontaneous brain activity using regional homogeneity (ReHo) based on resting-state fMRI. Fifty-six smokers (24 females) and sixty-three (25 females) healthy non-smoking controls were recruited. Whole-brain voxelwise 2-way analysis of covariance of ReHo was performed to detect brain regions with sex-dependent alterations on the spontaneous brain activity. Compared to non-smokers, smokers exhibited significant ReHo differences in several brain regions, including the right medial orbitofrontal cortex extended to the ventral striatum/amygdala/parahippocampus, left precuneus, and bilateral cerebellum crus. Smoking and sex interaction analysis revealed that male smokers showed significantly lower ReHo in the right ventral striatum, left cerebellum crus1, and left fusiform gyrus compared to male non-smokers, whereas there are no significant differences between female smokers and non-smokers. Furthermore, the ReHo within the left cerebellum crus1 was negatively correlated with craving scores in male smokers but not in female smokers. Such sex-dependent differences in spontaneous brain activity lays a foundation for further understanding the neural pathophysiology of sex-specific effects of nicotine addiction and promoting more effective health management of quitting smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wen
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weina Ding
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yawen Sun
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fuchun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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13
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Ghahremani DG, Pochon JB, Perez Diaz M, Tyndale RF, Dean AC, London ED. Functional connectivity of the anterior insula during withdrawal from cigarette smoking. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:2083-2089. [PMID: 34035468 PMCID: PMC8505622 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01036-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Currently available therapies for smoking cessation have limited efficacy, and potential treatments that target specific brain regions are under evaluation, with a focus on the insula. The ventral and dorsal anterior subregions of the insula serve distinct functional networks, yet our understanding of how these subregions contribute to smoking behavior is unclear. Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) provides a window into network-level function associated with smoking-related internal states. The goal of this study was to determine potentially distinct relationships of ventral and dorsal anterior insula RSFC with cigarette withdrawal after brief abstinence from smoking. Forty-seven participants (24 women; 18-45 years old), who smoked cigarettes daily and were abstinent from smoking overnight (~12 h), provided self-reports of withdrawal and underwent resting-state fMRI before and after smoking the first cigarette of the day. Correlations between withdrawal and RSFC were computed separately for ventral and dorsal anterior insula seed regions in whole-brain voxel-wise analyses. Withdrawal was positively correlated with RSFC of the right ventral anterior insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) before but not after smoking. The correlation was mainly due to a composite effect of craving and physical symptoms of withdrawal. These results suggest a role of right ventral anterior insula-dACC connectivity in the internal states that maintain smoking behavior (e.g., withdrawal) and present a specific neural target for brain-based therapies seeking to attenuate withdrawal symptoms in the critical early stages of smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara G. Ghahremani
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Jean-Baptiste Pochon
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Maylen Perez Diaz
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Rachel F. Tyndale
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Andy C. Dean
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Edythe D. London
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
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14
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Lin F, Han X, Wang Y, Ding W, Sun Y, Zhou Y, Lei H. Sex-specific effects of cigarette smoking on caudate and amygdala volume and resting-state functional connectivity. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:1-13. [PMID: 31898088 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-019-00227-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated sex-specific differences in etiology, course and brain dysfunction that are associated with cigarette smoking. However, little is known about sex-specific differences in subcortical structure and function. In this study, structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected from 60 cigarette smokers (25 females) and 67 nonsmokers (28 females). The structural MRI was applied to identify deficits in sex-specific subcortical volume. Using resting-state fMRI, sex-related alterations in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) were investigated in subcortical nuclei with volume deficits as seed regions. Compared to nonsmokers, male but not female smokers demonstrated a significantly smaller volume in the left caudate, while female but not male smokers showed a smaller volume in the right amygdala. Resting-state FC analysis revealed that male but not female smokers had increased rsFC between the left caudate and the left prefrontal cortex but decreased rsFC within the bilateral caudate and between the right amygdala and right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Furthermore, the right amygdala volume was negatively correlated with the impulsivity score in female but not male smokers. The rsFC of the right amygdala-OFC circuit was negatively associated with the craving score in male but not female smokers. These findings indicate that cigarette smoking may have differential effects on the caudate and amygdala volumes as well as rsFC between men and women, contributing to our knowledge of sex-specific effects of nicotine addiction. Such sex-specific differences in subcortical structure and function may provide a methodological framework for the development of sex-specific relapse prevention therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuchun Lin
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Weina Ding
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yawen Sun
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Hao Lei
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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15
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Molokotos E, Peechatka AL, Wang KS, Pizzagalli DA, Janes AC. Caudate reactivity to smoking cues is associated with increased responding to monetary reward in nicotine-dependent individuals. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 209:107951. [PMID: 32145666 PMCID: PMC7127934 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Quitting smoking is challenging in part because environmental smoking cues can trigger the desire to smoke. Neurobiological responses to smoking cues are often observed in reward-related brain regions such as the caudate and nucleus accumbens (NAc). While reward plays a well-established role in the formation of cue reactivity, whether general reward responsiveness contributes to individual differences in cue-reactivity among chronic smokers is unclear; establishing such link could provide insight into the mechanisms maintaining cue reactivity. The current study explored this relationship by assessing smoking cue reactivity during functional magnetic imaging followed by an out-of-scanner probabilistic reward task (PRT) in 24 nicotine-dependent smokers (14 women). In addition, owing to sex differences in cue reactivity and reward function, this same relationship was examined as a function of sex. Following recent smoking, greater reward responsiveness on the PRT was associated with enhanced left caudate reactivity to smoking cues. No relationship was found in any other striatal subregion. The positive relationship between reward responsiveness and caudate smoking cue reactivity was significant only in male smokers, fitting with the idea that males and females respond to the reinforcing elements of smoking cues differently. These findings are clinically relevant as they show that, following recent smoking, nicotine-dependent individuals who are more cue reactive are also more likely to be responsive to non-drug rewards, which may be useful for making individualized treatment decisions that involve behavioral reward contingencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Molokotos
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychology, Suffolk University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | - Kainan S. Wang
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Amy C. Janes
- McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Kim JI, Lee JD, Hwang HJ, Ki SW, Park IH, Park TY. Altered subcallosal and posterior cingulate cortex-based functional connectivity during smoking cue and mental simulation processing in smokers. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 97:109772. [PMID: 31647945 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term cigarette smoking induces sensitization of incentive salience and conditioning of contextual cues which involves brain function alteration across multiple regions. Understanding how nicotine affects hub-based functional connectivities involved in affective and cognitive function can help us determine the treatment strategy for nicotine dependence. METHOD Functional MRI was conducted on 30 smokers and 30 non-smokers while mentally simulating neutral and smoking hand movements. Smoking cue and mental simulation processing-related changes in functional connectivity strengths of the subcallosal and posterior cingulate cortex (SCC and PCC) with major brain network nodes were examined. RESULTS Compared to non-smokers, smokers showed cue-induced SCC functional connectivities which were enhanced with the intraparietal sulcus and reduced with the medial prefrontal cortex. The PCC activation and functional connectivity enhancements with the anterior insula cortex and rostro-lateral prefrontal cortex was found during smoking mental simulation. The PCC-lateral prefrontal cortex functional connectivity correlated with nicotine dependence severity. CONCLUSION The present results demonstrate that smokers can be identified by cue-induced SCC functional connectivity strength decline and increment in the default mode and dorsal attention network nodes. However, nicotine dependence was associated with smoking mental simulation-related PCC-lateral prefrontal cortex functional connectivity strength, suggesting that the development of nicotine dependence may depend on the strength of coupling between the default mode network and the central executive network at the cognitive level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong Il Kim
- Institute of Bio-Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Future Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Doo Lee
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Wan Ki
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Ho Park
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-Yong Park
- Department of Korean Traditional Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Ozbay N, Shevorykin A, Smith P, Sheffer CE. The association between gender roles and smoking initiation among women and adolescent girls. JOURNAL OF GENDER STUDIES 2019; 29:664-684. [PMID: 33414576 PMCID: PMC7787365 DOI: 10.1080/09589236.2019.1693985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Smoking cigarettes is a leading global cause of preventable death and disease. Men historically smoke more than women, but the prevalence of smoking among women in low and middle-income countries is increasing at an alarming rate. Understanding the factors that influence smoking initiation among women and girls is needed to address the growing epidemic of women smokers and the looming impact on women's health worldwide. We assume that smoking initiation is embedded in socio-culturally influenced gendered context and use a social cognitive model with a gendered lens as a framework for organizing and synthesizing the research. Guided by this framework, we identified gaps in the literature and make recommendations for future research in this review paper. The results suggest that psychological and environmental determinants are rooted in fluctuating cultural influences and values, but few research studies provide a gendered analysis or systematically examine these factors in the context of gender and culture. Sex/gender is a significant construct through which women and girls experience the psychological, environmental, and other influences on smoking initiation. Much more research is needed to understand the psychological and environmental influences as well as the intersection of gender roles and other social categories on female smoking initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurbanu Ozbay
- Department of Psychology, The City College of New York, NY
| | - Alina Shevorykin
- Department of Mental Health Counseling and Psychology, Pace University, Pleasantville, NY
| | - Philip Smith
- City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Miami University, Oxford, OH
| | - Christine E. Sheffer
- City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
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18
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Sanvicente-Vieira B, Rovaris DL, Ornell F, Sordi A, Rothmann LM, Niederauer JPO, Schuch JB, von Diemen L, Kessler FHP, Grassi-Oliveira R. Sex-based differences in multidimensional clinical assessments of early-abstinence crack cocaine users. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218334. [PMID: 31226126 PMCID: PMC6588218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crack cocaine use disorder (CUD) has been related to sex differences. This work aimed to compare the severity of drug use and the severity of other negative related outcomes in males and females with CUD. A total of 1344 inpatients (798 males and 546 females) with crack cocaine use disorder (CUD) were evaluated by a detailed multidimensional clinical assessment, including addiction severity and trauma exposure. Linear regression predicted higher drug use severity (β = 0.273, p < 0.001) and more problems in domains related to childcare issues (β = 0.321), criminal involvement (β = 0.108), work-related problems (β = 0.281) and social support impairments (β = 0.142) for females, all with p < 0.001. Alcohol problems were predicted to be higher in males (β = -0.206, P < 0.001). Females had higher rates of other mental disorders, particularly trauma and stress-related disorders (OR: 3.206, CI: 2.22, 4.61). Important sex differences also emerged in trauma history and HIV infection prevalence. CUD has a more severe clinical presentation among females facing early abstinence. Sex differences in the CUD course indicate the need for consideration of sex-specific interventions and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno Sanvicente-Vieira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Diego Luiz Rovaris
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Attention Deficit Disorder Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe Ornell
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Anne Sordi
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Melo Rothmann
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Ottolia Niederauer
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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19
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Allen AM, Weinberger AH, Wetherill RR, Howe CL, McKee SA. Oral Contraceptives and Cigarette Smoking: A Review of the Literature and Future Directions. Nicotine Tob Res 2019; 21:592-601. [PMID: 29165663 PMCID: PMC6468133 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntx258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence continues to mount indicating that endogenous sex hormones (eg, progesterone and estradiol) play a significant role in smoking-related outcomes. Although approximately one out of four premenopausal smokers use oral contraceptives (OCs), which significantly alter progesterone and estradiol levels, relatively little is known about how OCs may influence smoking-related outcomes. Thus, the goal of this review article is to describe the state of the literature and offer recommendations for future directions. METHODS In March 2017, we searched seven databases, with a restriction to articles written in English, using the following keywords: nicotine, smoker(s), smoking, tobacco, cigarettes, abstinence, withdrawal, and craving(s). We did not restrict on the publication date, type, or study design. RESULTS A total of 13 studies were identified. Three studies indicated faster nicotine metabolism in OC users compared to nonusers. Five of six laboratory studies that examined physiological stress response noted heightened response in OC users compared to nonusers. Three studies examined cessation-related symptomatology (eg, craving) with mixed results. One cross-sectional study observed greater odds of current smoking among OC users, and no studies have explored the relationship between OC use and cessation outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Relatively few studies were identified on the role of OCs in smoking-related outcomes. Future work could explore the relationship between OC use and mood, stress, weight gain, and brain function/connectivity, as well as cessation outcomes. Understanding the role of OC use in these areas may lead to the development of novel smoking cessation interventions for premenopausal women. IMPLICATIONS This is the first review of the relationship between oral contraceptives (OCs) and smoking-related outcomes. The existing literature suggests that the use of OCs is related to increased nicotine metabolism and physiological stress response. However, the relationship between OC use and smoking-related symptoms (eg, craving) is mixed. Further, no published data were available on OC use and smoking cessation outcomes. Therefore, we recommend additional research be conducted to characterize the relationship between OC use and smoking cessation outcomes, perhaps as a function of the effect of OC use on mood, stress, weight gain, and brain function/connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M Allen
- Family & Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Andrea H Weinberger
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, USA
| | - Reagan R Wetherill
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Carol L Howe
- University of Arizona Health Sciences Library, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Sherry A McKee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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20
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McCarthy JM, Dumais KM, Zegel M, Pizzagalli DA, Olson DP, Moran LV, Janes AC. Sex differences in tobacco smokers: Executive control network and frontostriatal connectivity. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 195:59-65. [PMID: 30592997 PMCID: PMC6625360 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women experience greater difficulty quitting smoking than men, which may be explained by sex differences in brain circuitry underlying cognitive control. Prior work has linked reduced interhemispheric executive control network (ECN) coupling with poor executive function, shorter time to relapse, and greater substance use. Lower structural connectivity between a key ECN hub, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and the dorsal striatum (DS) also contributes to less efficient cognitive control recruitment, and reduced intrahemispheric connectivity between these regions has been associated with smoking relapse. Therefore, sex differences were probed by evaluating interhemispheric ECN and intrahemispheric DLPFC-DS connectivity. To assess the potential sex by nicotine interaction, a pilot sample of non-smokers was evaluated following acute nicotine and placebo administration. METHODS Thirty-five smokers (19 women) completed one resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. Seventeen non-smokers (8 women) were scanned twice using a repeated measures design where they received 2 and 0 mg nicotine. RESULTS In smokers, women had less interhemispheric ECN and DLPFC-DS coupling than men. In non-smokers, there was a drug x sex interaction where women, relative to men, had weaker ECN coupling following nicotine but not placebo administration. CONCLUSIONS The current work indicates that nicotine-dependent women, versus men, have weaker connectivity in brain networks critically implicated in cognitive control. How these connectivity differences contribute to the behavioral aspects of smoking requires more testing. However, building on the literature, it is likely these deficits in functional connectivity contribute to the lower abstinence rates noted in women relative to men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M McCarthy
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA, 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Kelly M Dumais
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA, 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Maya Zegel
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Diego A Pizzagalli
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA, 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - David P Olson
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA, 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Lauren V Moran
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA, 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Amy C Janes
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA, 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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21
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Sylvestre MP, Chagnon M, Wellman RJ, Dugas EN, O’Loughlin J. Sex Differences in Attaining Cigarette Smoking and Nicotine Dependence Milestones Among Novice Smokers. Am J Epidemiol 2018. [PMID: 29522067 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwy045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There may be sex differences in the response to nicotine, according to findings of studies in animals; however, sex differences in the natural course of cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence are documented in few studies. Prevalent (n = 240 girls; n = 184 boys) and incident (n = 231 girls; n = 184 boys) cigarette smokers from the Nicotine Dependence in Teens Study were followed up to 5 years after first puff, from age 12 to 18 years (1999-2005). We used Cox proportional hazards models to compare time to development of 3 cigarette-use (i.e., whole cigarette; 100 cigarettes lifetime; regular smoking), and 3 nicotine-dependence symptom (i.e., "really need a cigarette"; mentally addicted; physically addicted) milestones across sex. Girls were at higher risk than boys of attaining all milestones; hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) ranged from 1.35 (1.06, 1.72) for 100 cigarettes lifetime to 1.74 (1.44, 2.10) for "really need a cigarette." Among nonregular smokers, 26% (8%; 43%) and 25% (6%; 44%) more girls than boys reported "really need a cigarette" 1 and 2 years, respectively, after first puff. Preventive interventions may need adjustment to incorporate these findings. Additional research should clarify the relative contribution of biological and social underpinnings of these sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pierre Sylvestre
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Miguel Chagnon
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert J Wellman
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Erika N Dugas
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jennifer O’Loughlin
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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22
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Moran-Santa Maria MM, Vanderweyen DC, Camp CC, Zhu X, McKee SA, Cosgrove KP, Hartwell KJ, Brady KT, Joseph JE. Network Analysis of Intrinsic Functional Brain Connectivity in Male and Female Adult Smokers: A Preliminary Study. Nicotine Tob Res 2018; 20:810-818. [PMID: 29059410 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntx206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background The goal of this study was to conduct a preliminary network analysis (using graph-theory measures) of intrinsic functional connectivity in adult smokers, with an exploration of sex differences in smokers. Methods Twenty-seven adult smokers (13 males; mean age = 35) and 17 sex and age-matched controls (11 males; mean age = 35) completed a blood oxygen level-dependent resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment. Data analysis involved preprocessing, creation of connectivity matrices using partial correlation, and computation of graph-theory measures using the Brain Connectivity Toolbox. Connector hubs and additional graph-theory measures were examined for differences between smokers and controls and correlations with nicotine dependence. Sex differences were examined in a priori regions of interest based on prior literature. Results Compared to nonsmokers, connector hubs in smokers emerged primarily in limbic (parahippocampus) and salience network (cingulate cortex) regions. In addition, global influence of the right insula and left nucleus accumbens was associated with higher nicotine dependence. These trends were present in male but not female smokers. Conclusions Network communication was altered in smokers, primarily in limbic and salience network regions. Network topology was associated with nicotine dependence in male but not female smokers in regions associated with reinforcement (nucleus accumbens) and craving (insula), consistent with the idea that male smokers are more sensitive to the reinforcing aspects of nicotine than female smokers. Implications Identifying alterations in brain network communication in male and female smokers can help tailor future behavioral and pharmacological smoking interventions. Male smokers showed alterations in brain networks associated with the reinforcing effects of nicotine more so than females, suggesting that pharmacotherapies targeting reinforcement and craving may be more efficacious in male smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Moran-Santa Maria
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Davy C Vanderweyen
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Christopher C Camp
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.,Department of Psychology, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Sherry A McKee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Kelly P Cosgrove
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Karen J Hartwell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.,Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Kathleen T Brady
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.,Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Jane E Joseph
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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23
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Tomaz PRX, Santos JR, Scholz J, Abe TO, Gaya PV, Negrão AB, Krieger JE, Pereira AC, Santos PCJL. Cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 5 subunit polymorphisms are associated with smoking cessation success in women. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2018; 19:55. [PMID: 29621993 PMCID: PMC5887212 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0571-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The identification of variants in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunit genes associated with smoking phenotypes are increasingly important for prevention and treatment of nicotine dependence. In the context of personalized medicine, the aims of this study were to evaluate whether cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 2 (CHRNA2), cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 3 (CHRNA3), cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 5 (CHRNA5) and cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 3 (CHRNB3) polymorphisms were associated with nicotine dependence severity, and to investigate possible pharmacogenetics markers of smoking cessation treatment. Methods This study cohort enrolled 1049 smoking patients who received pharmacological treatment (varenicline, varenicline plus bupropion, bupropion plus/or nicotine replacement therapy). Smoking cessation success was considered for patients who completed 6 months of continuous abstinence. Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND) and Issa situational smoking scores (Issa score) were analyzed for nicotine dependence. CHRNA2 (rs2472553), CHRNA3 (rs1051730), CHRNA5 (rs16969968 and rs2036527) and CHRNB3 (rs6474413) polymorphisms were genotyped by high resolution melting analysis. Results Females with GA and AA genotypes for CHRNA5 rs16969968 and rs2036527 polymorphisms had higher success rate in smoking cessation treatment: 44.0% and 56.3% (rs16969968), 41.5% and 56.5% (rs2036527), respectively, compared with carriers of the GG genotypes: 35.7% (rs16969968), 34.8% (rs2036527), (P = 0.03, n = 389; P = 0.01, n = 391). The GA or AA genotypes for the rs16969968 and rs2036527 were associated with higher odds ratio for success in women (OR = 1.63; 95% CI = 1.04 to 2.54; P = 0.03 and OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.48; P = 0.04; respectively). We did not find association of these polymorphisms with nicotine dependence related scores. Polymorphisms in the CHRNA2, CHRNA3 and CHRNB3 genes were not associated with the phenotypes studied. Conclusion CHRNA5 rs16969968 and rs2036527 were associated with higher success rate in the smoking cessation treatment in women. These findings might contribute to advances in personalized medicine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-018-0571-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Roberto Xavier Tomaz
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Rocha Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Scholz
- Smoking Cessation Program Department, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tânia Ogawa Abe
- Smoking Cessation Program Department, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Viviane Gaya
- Smoking Cessation Program Department, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - André Brooking Negrão
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Costa Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Caleb Júnior Lima Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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24
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Zhang S, Hu S, Fucito LM, Luo X, Mazure CM, Zaborszky L, Li CSR. Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Basal Nucleus of Meynert in Cigarette Smokers: Dependence Level and Gender Differences. Nicotine Tob Res 2017; 19:452-459. [PMID: 27613921 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntw209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Numerous studies have characterized impaired cerebral functioning in nicotine-addicted individuals. Whereas nicotine interacts with multiple neurotransmitters in cortical and subcortical circuits, it directly targets the cholinergic system, sourced primarily from the basal nucleus of Meynert (BNM). However, no studies have examined how this cholinergic system is influenced by cigarette smoking. Here, we addressed this gap of research. Methods Using a dataset from the Functional Connectome Projects, we investigated this issue by contrasting seed-based BNM connectivity of 40 current smokers and 170 age- and gender-matched nonsmokers. We followed our data analytic routines in recent work and examined differences between smokers and nonsmokers in men and women combined as well as separately. Results Compared to nonsmokers, female but not male smokers demonstrated greater positive BNM connectivity to the supplementary motor area, bilateral anterior insula, and right superior temporal/supramarginal gyri as well as greater negative connectivity to the posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus. Further, BNM connectivity to the supplementary motor area is negatively correlated to the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence score in male but not female smokers. Conclusions Along with a previous report of upregulated nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in male but not female smokers, these new findings highlight functional changes of the cholinergic systems in cigarette smokers. The results suggest sex-specific differences in cholinergic dysregulation and a need for multiple imaging modalities to capture the neural markers of nicotine addiction. Implications Nicotine influences cognition via cholinergic projections of the basal forebrain to the cerebral cortex. This study examined changes in resting-state whole-brain functional connectivity of the BNM in cigarette smokers. The new findings elucidate for the first time sex differences in BNM-cerebral connectivity in cigarette smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Sien Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Lisa M Fucito
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Xingguang Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Carolyn M Mazure
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Women's Health Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT
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25
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Chen X, Lu B, Yan CG. Reproducibility of R-fMRI metrics on the impact of different strategies for multiple comparison correction and sample sizes. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 39:300-318. [PMID: 29024299 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Concerns regarding reproducibility of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI) findings have been raised. Little is known about how to operationally define R-fMRI reproducibility and to what extent it is affected by multiple comparison correction strategies and sample size. We comprehensively assessed two aspects of reproducibility, test-retest reliability and replicability, on widely used R-fMRI metrics in both between-subject contrasts of sex differences and within-subject comparisons of eyes-open and eyes-closed (EOEC) conditions. We noted permutation test with Threshold-Free Cluster Enhancement (TFCE), a strict multiple comparison correction strategy, reached the best balance between family-wise error rate (under 5%) and test-retest reliability/replicability (e.g., 0.68 for test-retest reliability and 0.25 for replicability of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) for between-subject sex differences, 0.49 for replicability of ALFF for within-subject EOEC differences). Although R-fMRI indices attained moderate reliabilities, they replicated poorly in distinct datasets (replicability < 0.3 for between-subject sex differences, < 0.5 for within-subject EOEC differences). By randomly drawing different sample sizes from a single site, we found reliability, sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) rose as sample size increased. Small sample sizes (e.g., < 80 [40 per group]) not only minimized power (sensitivity < 2%), but also decreased the likelihood that significant results reflect "true" effects (PPV < 0.26) in sex differences. Our findings have implications for how to select multiple comparison correction strategies and highlight the importance of sufficiently large sample sizes in R-fMRI studies to enhance reproducibility. Hum Brain Mapp 39:300-318, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao-Gan Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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26
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Peterson AC, Zhang S, Hu S, Chao HH, Li CSR. The Effects of Age, from Young to Middle Adulthood, and Gender on Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Dopaminergic Midbrain. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:52. [PMID: 28223929 PMCID: PMC5293810 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the dopaminergic ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) is implicated in psychiatric disorders including attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), addiction, schizophrenia and movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Although the prevalence of these disorders varies by age and sex, the underlying neural mechanism is not well understood. The objective of this study was to delineate the distinct resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the VTA and SNc and examine the effects of age, from young to middle-adulthood, and sex on the rsFC of these two dopaminergic structures in a data set of 250 healthy adults (18-49 years of age, 104 men). Using blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signals, we correlated the time course of the VTA and SNc to the time courses of all other brain voxels. At a corrected threshold, paired t-test showed stronger VTA connectivity to bilateral angular gyrus and superior/middle and orbital frontal regions and stronger SNc connectivity to the insula, thalamus, parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) and amygdala. Compared to women, men showed a stronger VTA/SNc connectivity to the left posterior orbital gyrus. In linear regressions, men but not women showed age-related changes in VTA/SNc connectivity to a number of cortical and cerebellar regions. Supporting shared but also distinct cerebral rsFC of the VTA and SNc and gender differences in age-related changes from young and middle adulthood in VTA/SNc connectivity, these new findings help advance our understanding of the neural bases of many neuropsychiatric illnesses that implicate the dopaminergic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Peterson
- Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University North Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sien Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Herta H Chao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, USA; Veterans Administration Medical CenterWest Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, USA; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, USA
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27
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Hyper-resting brain entropy within chronic smokers and its moderation by Sex. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29435. [PMID: 27377552 PMCID: PMC4932513 DOI: 10.1038/srep29435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a chronic relapsing brain disorder, and remains a premier cause of morbidity and mortality. Functional neuroimaging has been used to assess differences in the mean strength of brain activity in smokers’ brains, however less is known about the temporal dynamics within smokers’ brains. Temporal dynamics is a key feature of a dynamic system such as the brain, and may carry information critical to understanding the brain mechanisms underlying cigarette smoking. We measured the temporal dynamics of brain activity using brain entropy (BEN) mapping and compared BEN between chronic non-deprived smokers and non-smoking controls. Because of the known sex differences in neural and behavioral smoking characteristics, comparisons were also made between males and females. Associations between BEN and smoking related clinical measures were assessed in smokers. Our data showed globally higher BEN in chronic smokers compared to controls. The escalated BEN was associated with more years of smoking in the right limbic area and frontal region. Female nonsmokers showed higher BEN than male nonsmokers in prefrontal cortex, insula, and precuneus, but the BEN sex difference in smokers was less pronounced. These findings suggest that BEN mapping may provide a useful tool for probing brain mechanisms related to smoking.
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