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Moura HF, Schuch JB, Ornell F, Bandeira CE, Massuda R, Dotto Bau CH, Grevet EH, Kessler FHP, von Diemen L. Association between telomere length with alcohol use disorder and internalizing/externalizing comorbidities in a Brazilian male sample. Alcohol 2024:S0741-8329(24)00062-4. [PMID: 38621495 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shortening telomere length (TL) is an important ageing marker associated with substance use disorder (SUD). However, the influence of psychiatric and clinical comorbidities and alcohol-related outcomes has not been much explored in the context of TL in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and may be a source of heterogeneity in AUD studies. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the influence of AUD, alcohol-related outcomes, and common psychiatric comorbidities on TL in men with AUD and healthy controls (HC). METHODS Men with AUD (n=108, mean age=52.4, SD=8.6) were recruited in a detoxification unit, and HC (n=80, mean age=50.04, SD=9.1) from the blood bank, both located in Brazil. HC had no current or lifetime diagnosis of any substance use disorder. Psychiatric comorbidities were assessed using SCID-I. TL ratio was measured in triplicates using quantitative multiplex PCR. RESULTS Telomere length did not differ between individuals with AUD and HC (p=0.073) or was associated with AUD-related outcomes, trauma, or clinical comorbidities. Individuals with externalizing disorders had longer TL when comparing with those with internalizing disorders (p=0.018) or without comorbidity (p=0.018). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that TL was influenced by the presence of psychiatric comorbidity rather than case or control status. These results were adjusted for potential confounders, such as age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Ferreira Moura
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-003, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; University of Brasília, Faculty of Medicine, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, UNB Área 1, 70910-900, Brasília - DF, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-003, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Ornell
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-003, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Cibele Edom Bandeira
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501- 970, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; ADHD Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Raffael Massuda
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Padre Camargo, 280, 4. andar- Alto da Glória, Curitiba - PR, Brazil
| | - Claiton Henrique Dotto Bau
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-003, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501- 970, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; ADHD Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Eugenio Horácio Grevet
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-003, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; ADHD Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Felix H P Kessler
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-003, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-003, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
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Volpatto VL, Schuch JB, Rabelo-da-Ponte FD, Borgonhi EM, de Freitas JC, Ornell F, Proença RA, Pio RP, von Diemen L, Kessler FHP. A network analysis of early trauma and impulsive behavior in individuals with mono- and poly-dependence of alcohol and crack cocaine. Braz J Psychiatry 2024. [PMID: 38467463 DOI: 10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between impulsivity and early trauma through a network analysis in individuals diagnosed with different substance use disorders (SUD). METHODS This cross-sectional study includes a sample of 556 men with SUD (195 with alcohol use, 157 with crack cocaine use and 214 with multiple substance use). The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was applied to investigate early trauma and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale to assess impulsive behavior. The connection between trauma and impulsivity was assessed using network analysis through Fused Graphical Lasso algorithm. RESULTS No connection was observed between impulsivity and trauma networks in individuals with alcohol use. In cocaine users, networks were linked through the motor domain and sexual abuse nodes. Inversely connections were observed between emotional neglect node and perseverance and not planning nodes. In poly-use, the connection between impulsivity and trauma networks was weak, with cognitive complexity being the node that connects to the trauma network through physical abuse. There were inversely proportional connections between motor domain and emotional neglect nodes, and cognitive instability and physical neglect. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the relationship between the type of early (childhood) trauma and the expression of impulsivity could lead to a different substance use profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Loss Volpatto
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil. Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil. Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil. Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Ellen Mello Borgonhi
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil. Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Júlia Corrêa de Freitas
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Ornell
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil. Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ramon Agostini Proença
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Pereira Pio
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil. Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil. Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Ruwel AG, Scherer JN, Silvello D, Kessler FHP, von Diemen L, Schuch JB. Hematological inflammatory biomarkers in patients with alcohol and cocaine use disorders. Trends Psychiatry Psychother 2024. [PMID: 38431870 DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelets-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are biomarkers easy-to-obtain and could be used in clinical practice to verify an inflammatory status and are associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and cocaine use disorder (CUD). Our aim was to compare NLR, MLR and PLR among men with AUD and CUD and to assess the relationship between these biomarkers and addiction-related outcomes. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study comprising 979 inpatient men diagnosed with substance use disorder (391 with AUD and 588 with CUD) under hospital treatment for drug addiction. RESULTS Individuals with AUD had higher NLR and MLR (p=0.041, p<0.001 respectively) compared to individuals with CUD. In the AUD group, positive correlations between age and MLR (r=0.111; p=0.029), NLR and liver enzymes ALT and AST (r=0.103, p=0.043; r=0.155, p=0.002; respectively), and MLR and ALT, AST and GGT levels were observed (r=0.173, p=0.001; r=0.242, p<0.001; r=0.167, p=0.001, respectively). Individuals with CUD showed a positive correlation between age and NLR (r=0.113; p=0.006). The presence of clinical comorbidities, HIV, HCV and syphilis were not associated with NLR, MLR, and PLR (p>0.05). CONCLUSION These biomarkers are a rapid and inexpensive way to assess the effects of substance use on the inflammatory profile. Our findings contribute with valuable insights into the distinctive inflammatory profiles associated with AUD and CUD. These insights could guide further research and the development of more studies, which could include control groups, in order to refine the clinical applicability of these biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Goldman Ruwel
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliana Nichterwitz Scherer
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Post Graduate Program of Colletive Health, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
| | - Daiane Silvello
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Loreto BBL, Sordi AO, de Castro MN, Ornell F, Guarnieri EP, Roza TH, Schuch JB, Cima MDS, Pechansky F, Grevet EH, Grassi-Oliveira R, von Diemen L, Kessler FHP. Proposing an integrative, dynamic and transdiagnostic model for addictions: dysregulation phenomena of the three main modes of the predostatic mind. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1298002. [PMID: 38274436 PMCID: PMC10808830 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1298002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Several theories have been proposed to explain the complex diagnostic aspects related to addiction disorders and their development. Recent frameworks tend to focus on dimensional perspectives of symptoms rather than categorical systems, since substance use disorders are frequently comorbid with other psychiatric and especially personality disorders. However, useful transdiagnostic models that could integrate clinical evaluation derived from neuroscientific theories are lacking. In the present manuscript, the authors propose a model based on a new paradigm, in an attempt to better explain this complex, multifaceted phenomenon. The new paradigm presupposes that emotions and behavior are a response to risk prediction. Individuals make choices and engage in actions to manage potential risks/rewards in order to seek or maintain homeostasis in their internal and external environments - a mechanism that the authors call predostatic (predictive mechanism with homeostatic purpose). The model considers three main modes of the predostatic mind: (1) Alarm Mode, activated by high and/or imminent risk prediction; (2) Seek Mode, activated by long-term risk or reward prediction; and (3) Balance Mode, a self-regulating state of mind related to low risk prediction, a soothing system and a calm state. Addiction is seen as a chronic dysregulation of organism systems leading to internalizing or externalizing phenomena mainly related to the Seek and Alarm Modes, which are persistently activated by reward and risk prediction, respectively, thus hindering Balance. Addiction neuroscience research has shown that chronic drug use or engagement in addictive behaviors can lead to neuroadaptations in the brain reward circuitry, disrupting normal balance and the regulation of reward processes. This dysregulation can contribute to persistent drug-seeking/addictive behaviors despite negative consequences. This newly proposed dynamic and integrative model, named dysregulation based on externalizing and internalizing phenomena of the three main modes of the predostatic mind (DREXI3), proposes six dysregulation dimensions with basic emotional and behavioral symptoms, such as neurophysiological alterations, impulsivity, compulsion, cognitive impairment/psychosis, mood, and anxiety/anger. In this paper, the authors explain the rationale behind DREXI3 and present some hypothetical clinical examples to better illustrate the use of the model in clinical practice. The development of this innovative model could possibly guide tailored treatment interventions in the addiction field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana Bolten Lucion Loreto
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Anne Orgler Sordi
- Addiction and Forensic Psychiatry Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Melina Nogueira de Castro
- Addiction and Forensic Psychiatry Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe Ornell
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pegoraro Guarnieri
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcos da Silveira Cima
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Flavio Pechansky
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eugênio Horácio Grevet
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Veras Eloy Santos J, Fonseca da Silva NA, Marcolela Andreoli Sartes L, Bohrer Schuch J, Paim Kessler FH, Barbosa Terra M. Psychiatric and obstetric characteristics of pregnant crack users admitted to a referral center in Southern Brazil. J Addict Dis 2023:1-10. [PMID: 38047869 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2023.2279473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychoactive substance use among pregnant women has reached alarmingly high rates. Our aim was to characterize the psychiatric and clinical profiles of pregnant crack users in Brazil. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 24 pregnant crack users admitted to a referral hospital for psychiatric disorders in pregnant women, in Porto Alegre, Brazil, over three years. The following instruments were applied: a clinical-obstetric questionnaire; the condensed version of the Addiction Severity Index; a diagnostic interview for psychoactive substance use based on DSM-5; the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for DSM-IV; and the Semi-Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II). RESULTS Most patients had severe crack dependence and used other substances, such as tobacco, cannabis, and alcohol. The median duration of crack use was three years, ranging between three and 12 years. Most women subsisted from illegal or informal activities; a fifth had previously been arrested and often had relationship problems. Twenty percent had HIV (n = 5), and 37.5% (n = 9) had syphilis. Borderline personality disorder was the most prevalent mental condition (62.5%), followed by suicidal tendencies (45.8%), hypomanic episodes due to substance use (37.5%), and past major depressive episodes (33.3%). CONCLUSIONS An alarmingly high prevalence of consumption of other drugs, psychiatric disorders, and difficult-to-treat personality disorders was observed in our study. Investigating the psychiatric profile of women who use substances is essential to minimize the impacts on the mother and child, optimize therapeutic approaches to comorbidities, and enable more effective relapse prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Veras Eloy Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mauro Barbosa Terra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Ziliotto M, Kulmann-Leal B, Kaminski VDL, Nunes GT, Riesgo RDS, Roman T, Schuch JB, Chies JAB. HLA-G*14 bp indel variant in autism spectrum disorder in a population from southern Brazil. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 383:578194. [PMID: 37683302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Altered immune response during pregnancy has been associated with ASD susceptibility. HLA-G is expressed by the trophoblast at the maternal/fetal interface and induces allogenic tolerance toward the fetus. A 14-bp insertion in the HLA-G 3'UTR (rs371194629) was associated with reduced levels of HLA-G. We aimed to assess the influence of the HLA-G*14 bp indel variant in ASD susceptibility and symptomatology in a Brazilian admixed sample. The insertion genotype (14 bp+/14 bp+) was firstly associated with hetero aggression, but statistical significance was lost after correction (p = 0.035, pcorrected = 0.35). No association between the HLA-G variant and susceptibility to ASD or differential clinical manifestations were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ziliotto
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruna Kulmann-Leal
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Valéria de Lima Kaminski
- Post Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Tyska Nunes
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rudimar Dos Santos Riesgo
- Child Neurology Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Rosset C, Schuch JB, Recamonde-Mendoza M, Kowalski TW. Editorial: Bioinformatics applied to neuroscience. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1276346. [PMID: 37811331 PMCID: PMC10552636 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1276346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Clevia Rosset
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences (PPGCM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Experimental Research Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory Research Unit, Experimental Research Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mariana Recamonde-Mendoza
- Graduate Program in Computer Science (PPGC), Institute of Informatics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Bioinformatics Core, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thayne Woycinck Kowalski
- Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Experimental Research Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Bioinformatics Core, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology (PPGBM), Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Kaminski VDL, Kulmann-Leal B, Tyska-Nunes GL, Beltrame BP, Riesgo RDS, Schüler-Faccini L, Roman T, Schuch JB, Chies JAB. Association between NKG2/KLR gene variants and epilepsy in Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 381:578132. [PMID: 37352688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a set of neurodevelopmental disorders mainly characterized by repetitive, restrictive and stereotypical behaviors, and impaired communication skills. Several lines of evidence indicate that alterations of the immune system account for ASD development, including the presence of brain-reactive antibodies, abnormal T cell activation, altered cytokine levels in brain, cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood circulation, increased levels of circulating monocytes, and dysregulation in Natural Killer (NK) cells activity. Regarding NK cells, a lower cytotoxic activity, a higher level of activation and an increased number of these cells in individuals with ASD have been described. In 2019, a study showed that NK cells derived from patients with ASD show a characteristic pattern of NKG2C overexpression, highlighting the importance of the NK cell pathway in ASD. In fact, the study of genes related to NK cell activity has proven to be an excellent research target, both in terms of susceptibility as well as a marker for the different clinical manifestations observed in ASD individuals. Here, we evaluated the influence of KLRC2 gene deletion as well as KLRK1 rs1049174 and rs2255336 variants in a cohort of 185 children diagnosed with ASD and their respective biological parents in southern Brazil. Of note, this is the first study concerning genetic variants of the KLRC2 and KLRK1 genes in an ASD sample. The KLRC2 gene deletion (p = 0.001; pc = 0.009), KLRK1 rs1049174 (p = 0.005; pc = 0.045) and KLRK1 rs2255336 (p = 0.001; pc = 0.009) were associated with epilepsy in ASD patients. The results indicate that KLRC2 deletion, KLRK1 rs2255336, and KLRK1 rs1049174 could be involved in epilepsy manifestation in ASD patients, possibly impacting the NK dysregulation already described in ASD and epileptic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria de Lima Kaminski
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Applied Immunology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Institute of Science and Technology - ICT, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São José dos Campos - São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São José dos Campos - São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Kulmann-Leal
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Luís Tyska-Nunes
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Brenda Pedron Beltrame
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rudimar Dos Santos Riesgo
- Child Neurology Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Lavinia Schüler-Faccini
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Brazilian Teratogen Information Service (SIAT), Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Kaminski VDL, Michita RT, Ellwanger JH, Veit TD, Schuch JB, Riesgo RDS, Roman T, Chies JAB. Exploring potential impacts of pregnancy-related maternal immune activation and extracellular vesicles on immune alterations observed in autism spectrum disorder. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15593. [PMID: 37305482 PMCID: PMC10256833 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a set of neurodevelopmental disorders usually observed in early life, with impacts on behavioral and social skills. Incidence of ASD has been dramatically increasing worldwide, possibly due to increase in awareness/diagnosis as well as to genetic and environmental triggers. Currently, it is estimated that ∼1% of the world population presents ASD symptoms. In addition to its genetic background, environmental and immune-related factors also influence the ASD etiology. In this context, maternal immune activation (MIA) has recently been suggested as a component potentially involved in ASD development. In addition, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are abundant at the maternal-fetal interface and are actively involved in the immunoregulation required for a healthy pregnancy. Considering that alterations in concentration and content of EVs have also been associated with ASD, this article raises a debate about the potential roles of EVs in the processes surrounding MIA. This represents the major differential of the present review compared to other ASD studies. To support the suggested correlations and hypotheses, findings regarding the roles of EVs during pregnancy and potential influences on ASD are discussed, along with a review and update concerning the participation of infections, cytokine unbalances, overweight and obesity, maternal anti-fetal brain antibodies, maternal fever, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, labor type and microbiota unbalances in MIA and ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria de Lima Kaminski
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia - ICT, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Tomoya Michita
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular Humana, Universidade Luterana do Brasil - ULBRA, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Joel Henrique Ellwanger
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tiago Degani Veit
- Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rudimar dos Santos Riesgo
- Child Neurology Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Fonseca NKDOD, De Baumont AC, Costa MDA, Schuch JB, Manfro GG. Letter to the Editor: Correlation between inflammatory marker and food intake outcomes in generalized anxiety disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 157:104-107. [PMID: 36609062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gisele Gus Manfro
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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11
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Valerio AG, Ornell F, Roglio VS, Scherer JN, Schuch JB, Bristot G, Pechansky F, Kapczinski F, Kessler FHP, von Diemen L. Increase in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels during early withdrawal in severe alcohol users. Trends Psychiatry Psychother 2022; 44:e20210254. [PMID: 34060728 PMCID: PMC10039723 DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been linked to the neuroadaptative consequences of chronic alcohol use and associated with disease severity and prognosis. Few studies have evaluated the influence of drug withdrawal and clinical and sociodemographic data on BDNF levels in severe alcohol users. OBJECTIVES Our goals were (1) to evaluate variation in BDNF levels during alcohol withdrawal and, (2) to assess the influence of putative confounding factors on BDNF levels. METHODS Our sample consists of 62 men with alcohol use disorder undergoing a detoxification process. Serum BDNF levels were measured using a commercial sandwich-ELISA kit, at two points: before and after the detoxification period. RESULTS We found an increase in BDNF levels during alcohol withdrawal (25.4±9.6 at admission vs. 29.8±10.2 ng/ml at discharge; p < 0.001), even after controlling for potential confounders (positive family history, number of days between blood sample collections, and age) (Generalized Estimating Equation: coefficient = -4.37, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] -6.3; -2.4; p < 0.001). Moreover, individuals who had first-degree relative with alcohol dependence had smaller increases in BDNF levels than individuals with no family history (14.8 [95%CI -5.3; 35.6] vs. 35.3 [95%CI 15.4; 74.8]; p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS In summary, variation in BDNF levels seems to be influenced by withdrawal in severe alcohol users. A positive family history of alcohol dependence could also be a factor that influences variation in this biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Garziera Valerio
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Ornell
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Serafini Roglio
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Nichterwitz Scherer
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (Unisinos), São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Giovana Bristot
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Flavio Pechansky
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Flavio Kapczinski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University and St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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12
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Ornell F, Benzano D, Borelli WV, Narvaez JCDM, Moura HF, Passos IC, Sordi AO, Schuch JB, Kessler FHP, Scherer JN, von Diemen L. Differential impact on suicide mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Braz J Psychiatry 2022; 44:628-634. [PMID: 35839315 PMCID: PMC9851756 DOI: 10.47626/1516-4446-2022-2581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare suicide rates observed in Brazil after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic with the estimated rate based on suicide deaths between 2010 and 2020, and identify sociodemographic variables associated with this outcome. METHODS Ecological time-series study. Data were obtained from Brazilian Unified Health System Department of Information Technology (DATASUS), with the structural break of the data set in March 2020. The number of actual suicides observed and the number of expected suicides if there were no COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed through bayesian structural time series modeling. RESULTS The overall incidence of suicides in Brazil remained stable after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to what would be expected. However, there was a significant increase in suicide deaths among women (6.9%) and older adult (9.1%). Analysis by macro-regions of the country showed significant increases in suicide deaths in the Center-West (7.4%), Northeast (5.7%), and Southeast (10%). Stratified analyses revealed differences according to age, sex, education, and skin color. CONCLUSIONS Despite stability in the overall number of suicides, this phenomenon occurs heterogeneously among different population groups and regions of Brazil. Rates have increased in populations with a history of poor access to health, which may have been more severely impacted by the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Ornell
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Correspondence: Felipe Ornell, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Santa Cecilia, CEP 90410-004, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. E-mail:
| | - Daniela Benzano
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Helena Ferreira Moura
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Ives Cavalcante Passos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Anne Orgler Sordi
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Nichterwitz Scherer
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Borelli WV, Xavier LDL, Ornell F, Schuch JB, Von Diemen L. The hidden stigma of aging and COVID-19: aggravating factors and strategies to mitigate the impact of the pandemic in older adults, a text mining analysis. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:881-889. [PMID: 33949899 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1910793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify factors associated with mental health of older adults during the pandemic and to provide strategies to mitigate their psychosocial impact in the elderly. METHOD An integrative text mining analysis in Medline was performed to identify studies on the mental health of older adults during the pandemic. Subsequently, statistical topic modeling was performed to identify the most prevalent terms and topics discussed in included studies. RESULTS A total of 29 studies were retrieved until July 1st 2020, including a majority of letters (12 studies) and commentaries (8 studies). The most frequent terms overall were: loneliness (n = 137), support (n = 132), home (n = 102), suicide (n = 96) and help (n = 94). The most prevalent terms were then divided in five topics: home (33%), suicide (32%), apps (15%), loneliness (12%) and physical activity (9%). Additionally, a section focused on low- and middle-income countries was included. A summary of strategies to mitigate the effects of pandemic in mental health of older adults was also provided. CONCLUSION These factors demonstrate the importance of developing strategies for psychosocial support that take into consideration the particularities of the elderly. Different levels of care are immediately necessary to diminish the devastating impact of the pandemic in the mental health of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura de Lima Xavier
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Felipe Ornell
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências Do Comportamento, Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lisia Von Diemen
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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14
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Dias C, Schwertner C, Grando D, Bidinotto AB, Hilgert JB, Schuch JB, de Azeredo LA, Bauer ME, Hashizume LN. Caregiving of children with Down syndrome: impact on quality of life, stress, mental and oral health. Spec Care Dentist 2022; 42:398-403. [PMID: 35014048 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Parental caregivers of children with Down Syndrome (DS) have a greater burden of daily activities that may affect their health. The aim of this exploratory study was to evaluate the impact of caregiving of children with Down syndrome on parenting quality of life, stress, mental and oral health. METHODS Fifty-four parental caregivers of children with DS and 51 parents of children without physical or mental disabilities participated of this study. All participants were clinically examined to evaluate the presence of dental caries, gingival conditions and answered a sociodemographic questionnaire. Depression, anxiety, quality of life and coping strategies were assessed using specific instruments. Hair cortisol level was assessed as biological marker of chronic stress. RESULTS Psychological and quality of life parameters were similar between the groups of caregivers (p > .05). Caregivers of children with DS were older (48.6 vs. 41.5, p < .001), had longer caregiving period (> 10 vs < 10 years, p = .003), presented higher gingival bleeding index (6.1 vs. 4.7, p = .014) and higher cortisol levels (55.9 vs. 38.4, p = .07) as compared with parents of children without disabilities. Sociodemographic data has no influence on cortisol levels (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the caregiving of children with DS has an impact on parenting oral health and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dias
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carolina Schwertner
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Débora Grando
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Augusto Bacelo Bidinotto
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliana Balbinot Hilgert
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Araújo de Azeredo
- School of Medicine, Graduate Program of Medicine, Neurosciences, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Moisés Evandro Bauer
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Health and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lina Naomi Hashizume
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Rebelatto FP, Ornell F, Roglio VS, Sanvicente-Vieira B, Grassi-Oliveira R, Pechansky F, Kessler FHP, Schuch JB, von Diemen L. Gender differences in progression to crack-cocaine use and the role of sexual and physical violence. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry 2022; 44:478-485. [PMID: 36409555 PMCID: PMC9561837 DOI: 10.47626/1516-4446-2021-2248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether progression from first drug use to crack-cocaine use differs according to gender, and whether the report of sexual or physical violence impacts the time of progression. Methods: We interviewed 896 crack-cocaine users (548 men; 348 women) from addiction treatment units. Cox regression models evaluated the time of progression from first drug use to crack use. We analyzed gender differences according to the absence or presence of sexual or physical violence, also considering whether violence, when present, had occurred before or after the onset of crack use. Results: Women presented a faster progression to crack use regardless of exposure to sexual or physical violence (p < 0.05). Compared to unexposed men, there was a similar progression for men exposed to sexual or physical violence before the first use of crack (p = 0.167 and p = 0.393, respectively). In both genders, we observed a faster progression among individuals exposed to these types of violence after the onset of crack use (p < 0.01). Conclusions: We found a faster progression to crack use among women and among individuals exposed to sexual and physical violence after the onset of crack use. These results encourage differentiated treatment strategies, focused on gender and individual characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pezzini Rebelatto
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Ornell
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Serafini Roglio
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Breno Sanvicente-Vieira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Diferenças Individuais e Psicopatologia, Departamento de Psicologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Flavio Pechansky
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Correspondence: Lisia von Diemen, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Santa Cecília, CEP 90035-903, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. E-mail:
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16
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Ornell F, Borelli WV, Benzano D, Schuch JB, Moura HF, Sordi AO, Kessler FHP, Scherer JN, von Diemen L. The next pandemic: impact of COVID-19 in mental healthcare assistance in a nationwide epidemiological study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 4:100061. [PMID: 34518824 PMCID: PMC8427141 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2021.100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Studies have reported the worsening of psychiatric symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, few studies have evaluated the impact on the access to mental health services during COVID-19. Our aim was to analyze temporal trends and prediction of appointments held in Brazil's public health system, to compare the observed and expected number of mental healthcare appointments during the COVID-19 pandemics. Methods An ecological time-series study was performed, analyzing mental health appointments before and during the pandemic (from 2016 and 2020) from the Brazilian governmental database. The structural break in the data series was assessed using the Chow test, with the break considered in March 2020. Bayesian structural time-series models were used to estimate current average appointments and the predicted expectation if there was no pandemic. Findings Compared to the expected, between March and August 2020 about 28% less outpatient appointments in mental health were observed, totaling 471,448 individuals with suspended assistance. Group appointments and psychiatric hospitalizations were also severely impacted by the pandemic (decreased of 68% and 33%, respectively). On the other hand, mental health emergency consultations and home care increased during this period (36% and 52%, respectively). Interpretation Our findings demonstrate a dramatic change in mental health assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic, which corroborates a recent WHO survey. This phenomenon can aggravate the mental health crisis and generate a parallel pandemic that may last for a longer time than the COVID-19 pandemic. Funding This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Ornell
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Wyllians Vendramini Borelli
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Neurology Service, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Benzano
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helena Ferreira Moura
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Universidade de Brasilia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Brasilia DF, Brazil
| | - Anne Orgler Sordi
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Nichterwitz Scherer
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2350, Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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17
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Freire JDO, Schuch JB, Miranda MFD, Roglio VS, Tanajura H, Victa AGLBD, Diemen LV. Prevalence of HIV, Syphilis, Hepatitis B and C in pregnant women at a maternity hospital in Salvador. Rev Bras Saude Mater Infant 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-93042021000300012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objectives: to calculate the prevalence and rate per 1,000 live births of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in pregnant women at a public maternity hospital in Salvador. Methods: this descriptive, cross-sectional study retrospectively collected data from compulsory notifications and medical records of pregnant women with STI seen at a maternity hospital in northeastern Brazil between 2014 and 2017 (n = 520). Prevalence and rate per 1,000 live births were estimated for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, and syphilis. Associations between STI and other clinical and sociodemographic variables were investigated. Results: most pregnant women were born and resided in Salvador, presented a mean age of 26.4 years, self-reported mixed-race and had unplanned pregnancies. Prevalence and rates per 1,000 live births were, respectively: 0.26% and 3.39 for hepatitis B, 0.06% and 0.79 for hepatitis C, 0.47% and 6.23 for HIV, and 2.46% and 32.2 for syphilis. Conclusion: higher prevalence and rates of infection per 1,000 live births were seen at the maternity hospital in northeastern Brazil compared to official data provided by the Brazilian government, notably with regard to HIV and syphilis. The appropriate epidemiological notification of STI, especially in pregnant women, enables the elaboration of effective preventive strategies incorporating specific sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
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18
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Benzano D, Ornell F, Schuch JB, Pechansky F, Sordi AO, von Diemen L, Kessler FHP. Clinical vulnerability for severity and mortality by COVID-19 among users of alcohol and other substances. Psychiatry Res 2021; 300:113915. [PMID: 33836472 PMCID: PMC8011305 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency. Individuals with substance use disorder have a higher risk of infection and may suffer from more severe forms of the disease. Our goal is to investigate the prevalence of risk factors for COVID-19 severity in individuals with different substance use and explore whether specific types of substance are potentially associated with more clinical risk factors which could increase morbimortality in this population. The sample included 821 men hospitalized at an inpatient Addiction unit (305 alcohol users, 233 cocaine/crack users, and 283 multiusers). Data were collected using the Addiction Severity Index version 6. The most prevalent risk factors for COVID-19 severity observed in our sample were: smoking (82.5%), arterial hypertension (26.6%), respiratory problems (23.4%), and history of homelessness (25.1%). Arterial hypertension and cirrhosis occurred more frequently among alcohol users. Multiusers lived in the streets longer and had a higher prevalence of HIV than alcohol users. Overall, 28% of the sample had three or more risk factors. The frequency of risk factors was high and this scenario suggests that these individuals could be more susceptible to worse COVID-19 prognosis. Therefore, prevention strategies directed at specific characteristics of substance users merit attention during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Benzano
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research and Collaborating Center on Alcohol and Drugs, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Ornell
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research and Collaborating Center on Alcohol and Drugs, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research and Collaborating Center on Alcohol and Drugs, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Flavio Pechansky
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research and Collaborating Center on Alcohol and Drugs, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Anne Orgler Sordi
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research and Collaborating Center on Alcohol and Drugs, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research and Collaborating Center on Alcohol and Drugs, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research and Collaborating Center on Alcohol and Drugs, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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19
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Roglio VS, Borges EN, Rabelo-da-Ponte FD, Ornell F, Scherer JN, Schuch JB, Passos IC, Sanvicente-Vieira B, Grassi-Oliveira R, von Diemen L, Pechansky F, Kessler FHP. Prediction of attempted suicide in men and women with crack-cocaine use disorder in Brazil. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232242. [PMID: 32365094 PMCID: PMC7197800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Suicide is a severe health problem, with high rates in individuals with addiction. Considering the lack of studies exploring suicide predictors in this population, we aimed to investigate factors associated with attempted suicide in inpatients diagnosed with cocaine use disorder using two analytical approaches. Methods This is a cross-sectional study using a secondary database with 247 men and 442 women hospitalized for cocaine use disorder. Clinical assessment included the Addiction Severity Index, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, totalling 58 variables. Descriptive Poisson regression and predictive Random Forest algorithm were used complementarily to estimate prevalence ratios and to build prediction models, respectively. All analyses were stratified by gender. Results The prevalence of attempted suicide was 34% for men and 50% for women. In both genders, depression (PRM = 1.56, PRW = 1.27) and hallucinations (PRM = 1.80, PRW = 1.39) were factors associated with attempted suicide. Other specific factors were found for men and women, such as childhood trauma, aggression, and drug use severity. The men's predictive model had prediction statistics of AUC = 0.68, Acc. = 0.66, Sens. = 0.82, Spec. = 0.50, PPV = 0.47 and NPV = 0.84. This model identified several variables as important predictors, mainly related to drug use severity. The women's model had higher predictive power (AUC = 0.73 and all other statistics were equal to 0.71) and was parsimonious. Conclusions Our findings indicate that attempted suicide is associated with depression, hallucinations and childhood trauma in both genders. Also, it suggests that severity of drug use may be a moderator between predictors and suicide among men, while psychiatric issues shown to be more important for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Serafini Roglio
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Nunes Borges
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Center for Computational Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe Ornell
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Nichterwitz Scherer
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ives Cavalcante Passos
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Breno Sanvicente-Vieira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Flavio Pechansky
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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20
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Viola TW, Schuch JB, Rovaris DL, Genovese R, Tondo L, Sanvicente-Vieira B, Zaparte A, Cupertino RB, da Silva BS, Bau CHD, Grassi-Oliveira R. Association between cognitive performance and SYT1-rs2251214 among women with cocaine use disorder. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2019; 126:1707-1711. [PMID: 31562556 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-019-02086-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The SNP rs2251214 of the SYT1 gene was recently associated with externalizing phenotypes, including ADHD and cocaine use disorder (CUD). Here, we investigated whether SYT1-rs2251214 could also be implicated with cognitive performance variations among women with CUD. Results showed that G homozygous (n = 146) have lower cognitive performance in the Stroop, Trail Making and Matrix Reasoning tests compared with A-allele carriers (n = 64), suggesting that rs2251214 may influence the severity of cognitive impairments in CUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Wendt Viola
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Avenida Ipiranga 6691 - Predio 11, sala 926, Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Diego Luiz Rovaris
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,ADHD Outpatient Program, Adult Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Genovese
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Avenida Ipiranga 6691 - Predio 11, sala 926, Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucca Tondo
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Avenida Ipiranga 6691 - Predio 11, sala 926, Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Breno Sanvicente-Vieira
- Department of Psychology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline Zaparte
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Avenida Ipiranga 6691 - Predio 11, sala 926, Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Basso Cupertino
- ADHD Outpatient Program, Adult Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruna Santos da Silva
- ADHD Outpatient Program, Adult Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Claiton Henrique Dotto Bau
- ADHD Outpatient Program, Adult Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS, Avenida Ipiranga 6691 - Predio 11, sala 926, Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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21
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Sanvicente-Vieira B, Rovaris DL, Ornell F, Sordi A, Rothmann LM, Niederauer JPO, Schuch JB, von Diemen L, Kessler FHP, Grassi-Oliveira R. Sex-based differences in multidimensional clinical assessments of early-abstinence crack cocaine users. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218334. [PMID: 31226126 PMCID: PMC6588218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crack cocaine use disorder (CUD) has been related to sex differences. This work aimed to compare the severity of drug use and the severity of other negative related outcomes in males and females with CUD. A total of 1344 inpatients (798 males and 546 females) with crack cocaine use disorder (CUD) were evaluated by a detailed multidimensional clinical assessment, including addiction severity and trauma exposure. Linear regression predicted higher drug use severity (β = 0.273, p < 0.001) and more problems in domains related to childcare issues (β = 0.321), criminal involvement (β = 0.108), work-related problems (β = 0.281) and social support impairments (β = 0.142) for females, all with p < 0.001. Alcohol problems were predicted to be higher in males (β = -0.206, P < 0.001). Females had higher rates of other mental disorders, particularly trauma and stress-related disorders (OR: 3.206, CI: 2.22, 4.61). Important sex differences also emerged in trauma history and HIV infection prevalence. CUD has a more severe clinical presentation among females facing early abstinence. Sex differences in the CUD course indicate the need for consideration of sex-specific interventions and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno Sanvicente-Vieira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Diego Luiz Rovaris
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Attention Deficit Disorder Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe Ornell
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Anne Sordi
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Melo Rothmann
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Ottolia Niederauer
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, School of Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Trintinaglia L, Bandinelli LP, Grassi-Oliveira R, Petersen LE, Anzolin M, Correa BL, Schuch JB, Bauer ME. Features of Immunosenescence in Women Newly Diagnosed With Breast Cancer. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1651. [PMID: 30061900 PMCID: PMC6055359 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Adults exposed to childhood maltreatment have increased stress reactivity. This profile is associated with dysregulation of the immune system, including enhanced inflammatory reactions and accelerated senescence. Subjects exposed to ear stress have increased risk for several age-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, and cancer. Although previous studies have reported immune changes in advanced cancer, very little information is available regarding early stage breast cancer. Here, 29 patients with breast cancer were recruited: 15 with history of childhood maltreatment (CM+) and 14 without history (CM−). Twenty-seven healthy women without CM were selected as the control group. Peripheral blood was collected and lymphocyte subsets phenotyped by multi-color flow cytometry (B cells, CD4+ T, CD8+ T, natural killer cells, activated T cells, regulatory T cells, and senescence-associated T cells). Because human cytomegalovirus (CMV) was associated with signatures of early senescence, the CMV serology was determined by ELISA. None of the subjects had IgM reactivity to CMV, excluding acute viral infection. There was a higher proportion of patients with increased CMV IgG levels in the CM+ group as compared to CM− or controls. Different stages of T-cell differentiation can be determined based on the cell-surface expression of the costimulatory molecules CD27 and CD28: ear (CD27+CD28+), intermediate-differentiated (CD27−CD28+), and late-differentiated or senescent T cells (CD27−CD28−). After adjusting for age and education, ear T cells (CD27+CD28+) were found reduced in CM+ and CM− patients (p < 0.0001). In contrast, intermediate-differentiated T cells (CD27−CD28+; p < 0.0001), senescent T cells (CD27−CD28−; p < 0.0001), and exhausted T cells (CD8+CD27−CD28−PD1+; p < 0.0001) were found expanded in both CM+ and CM− groups. Our data suggest that features of immunosenescence are associated with newly diagnosed breast cancer, regardless of the CM history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Trintinaglia
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, School of Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucas Poitevin Bandinelli
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory (DCNL), School of Health Sciences, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Ritter dos Reis, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, School of Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory (DCNL), School of Health Sciences, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Laura Esteves Petersen
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, School of Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Anzolin
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, School of Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, School of Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Moisés Evandro Bauer
- Laboratory of Immunosenescence, School of Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Moisés Evandro Bauer,
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de Oliveira Pereira Ribeiro L, Vargas-Pinilla P, Kappel DB, Longo D, Ranzan J, Becker MM, dos Santos Riesgo R, Schuler-Faccini L, Roman T, Schuch JB. Evidence for Association Between OXTR Gene and ASD Clinical Phenotypes. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 65:213-221. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Vianna P, Gomes JDA, Boquett JA, Fraga LR, Schuch JB, Vianna FSL, Schuler-Faccini L. Zika Virus as a Possible Risk Factor for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Neuroimmunological Aspects. Neuroimmunomodulation 2018; 25:320-327. [PMID: 30630174 DOI: 10.1159/000495660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent outbreak of the Zika virus (ZIKV) and the discovery that perinatal Zika exposure can lead to the Congenital Zika Syndrome has promoted a call for prevention measures. Due to the increased number of babies born with microcephaly, structural brain abnormalities, and neurological alterations in regions affected by ZIKV, investigations were carried out in order to better understand this process. The maternal immune system directly influences the fetal central nervous system, and complications during pregnancy have been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder commonly manifested in the first years of life, is a disease with multifactorial etiology and is manifested typically by social and communication impairments, as well as stereotyped behaviors. Brain abnormalities, including both anatomically and functionally, can be observed in this disorder, suggesting delays in neuronal maturation and altered brain connectivity. It is known that some viral congenital infections, such as rubella, and cytomegalovirus can interfere with brain development, being associated with brain calcification, microcephaly, and ASD. Here, we reviewed a range of studies evaluating the aspects concerning brain development, immunological status during pregnancy, and neuroimmunomodulation in congenital viral infections, and we discuss if the fetal brain infection caused by ZIKV could predispose to ASD. Finally, we suggest a mechanism encompassing neurological and immunological pathways that could play a role in the development of ASD in infants after ZIKV infection in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Vianna
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- National Institute of Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Julia do Amaral Gomes
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- National Institute of Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliano André Boquett
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- National Institute of Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucas Rosa Fraga
- National Institute of Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Brazilian Teratogen Information Service (SIAT), Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Sales Luiz Vianna
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- National Institute of Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Brazilian Teratogen Information Service (SIAT), Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Genomic Medicine Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lavínia Schuler-Faccini
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil,
- National Institute of Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil,
- Brazilian Teratogen Information Service (SIAT), Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil,
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Mariath LM, Silva AMD, Kowalski TW, Gattino GS, Araujo GAD, Figueiredo FG, Tagliani-Ribeiro A, Roman T, Vianna FSL, Schuler-Faccini L, Schuch JB. Music genetics research: Association with musicality of a polymorphism in the AVPR1A gene. Genet Mol Biol 2017; 40:421-429. [PMID: 28534928 PMCID: PMC5488451 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2016-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Musicality is defined as a natural tendency, sensibility, knowledge, or talent to
create, perceive, and play music. Musical abilities involve a great range of social
and cognitive behaviors, which are influenced by both environmental and genetic
factors. Although a number of studies have yielded insights into music genetics
research, genes and biological pathways related to these traits are not fully
understood. Our hypothesis in the current study is that genes associated with
different behaviors could also influence the musical phenotype. Our aim was to
investigate whether polymorphisms in six genes (AVPR1A, SLC6A4, ITGB3, COMT, DRD2 and
DRD4) related to social and cognitive traits are associated with musicality in a
sample of children. Musicality was assessed through an individualized music therapy
assessment profile (IMTAP) which has been validated in Brazil to measure musical
ability. We show here that the RS1 microsatellite of the AVPR1A gene is nominally
associated with musicality, corroborating previous results linking AVPR1A with
musical activity. This study is one of the first to investigate musicality in a
comprehensive way, and it contributes to better understand the genetic basis
underlying musical ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Monteavaro Mariath
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Mauat da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Thayne Woycinck Kowalski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Schulz Gattino
- Programa de Pos-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Andrade de Araujo
- Programa de Pos-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Grahl Figueiredo
- Programa de Pos-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alice Tagliani-Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Sales Luiz Vianna
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lavínia Schuler-Faccini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Cupertino RB, Schuch JB, Bandeira CE, da Silva BS, Rovaris DL, Kappel DB, Contini V, Salatino-Oliveira A, Vitola ES, Karam RG, Hutz MH, Rohde LA, Grevet EH, Bau CHD, Mota NR. Replicated association of Synaptotagmin (SYT1) with ADHD and its broader influence in externalizing behaviors. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 27:239-247. [PMID: 28130000 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common psychiatric disorder, affecting both children and adults. The Soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor Attachment REceptors (SNARE) complex has been implicated in ADHD pathophysiology since it is a key component of neurotransmitter release events and neurodevelopment processes, and SNPs in this complex have been associated with ADHD. Here we aim to analyze the effects of SNARE complex variants on ADHD susceptibility and its clinical heterogeneity in affected adults. We tested the association between ADHD and polymorphisms on the SNARE genes STX1A (rs2228607), SYT1 (rs1880867 and rs2251214), VAMP2 (26bp Ins/Del) and SNAP25 (rs6108461 and rs8636) on a sample comprised of 548 adults with ADHD and 644 non-affected controls. Regarding clinical heterogeneity, we further investigated the effects of associated SNPs on age at onset of impairment due to ADHD and on relevant externalizing behaviors (i.e. school suspensions/expulsions and problems with law/authority) and comorbidities (i.e. Substance Use Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder and Antisocial Personality Disorder). We replicated a previously reported association between SYT1-rs2251214 and ADHD in adulthood. This SNP was also associated with age at onset of impairment due to ADHD symptoms and with a range of externalizing phenotypes. These findings involving SYT1 suggest that variation in neurotransmitter exocytosis mechanisms may represent an underlying genetic factor shared by a spectrum of externalizing behaviors and disorders, including - but not restricted to - ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Basso Cupertino
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cibele Edom Bandeira
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruna Santos da Silva
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Diego Luiz Rovaris
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Djenifer B Kappel
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Verônica Contini
- PPGBIOTEC - Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Centro Universitário Univates, Lajeado, Brazil
| | - Angélica Salatino-Oliveira
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Schneider Vitola
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Gomes Karam
- ADHD Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mara Helena Hutz
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; ADHD Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luis Augusto Rohde
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; ADHD Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, Brazil
| | - Eugenio Horacio Grevet
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; ADHD Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Claiton Henrique Dotto Bau
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; ADHD Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Nina Roth Mota
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Schuch JB, Paixão-Côrtes VR, Friedrich DC, Tovo-Rodrigues L. The contribution of protein intrinsic disorder to understand the role of genetic variants uncovered by autism spectrum disorders exome studies. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016; 171B:479-91. [PMID: 26892727 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Several autism spectrum disorders (ASD) exome studies suggest that coding single nucleotide variants (SNVs) play an important role on ASD etiology. Usually, the pathogenic effect of missense mutations is estimated through predictors that lose accuracy for those SNVs placed in intrinsically disordered regions of protein. Here, we used bioinformatics tools to investigate the effect of mutations described in ASD published exome studies (549 mutations) in protein disorder, considering post-translational modification, PEST and Molecular Recognition Features (MoRFs) motifs. Schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes (T2D) datasets were created for comparison purposes. The frequency of mutations predicted as disordered was comparable among the three datasets (38.1% in ASD, 35.7% in schizophrenia, 46.4% in T2D). However, the frequency of SNVs predicted to lead a gain or loss of functional sites or change intrinsic disorder tendencies was higher in ASD and schizophrenia than T2D (46.9%, 36.4%, and 23.1%, respectively). The results obtained by SIFT and PolyPhen-2 indicated that 38.9% and 34.4% of the mutations predicted, respectively, as tolerated and benign showed functional alterations in disorder properties. Given the frequency of mutations placed in IDRs and their functional impact, this study suggests that alterations in intrinsic disorder properties might play a role in ASD and schizophrenia etiologies. They should be taken into consideration when researching the pathogenicity of mutations in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diseases. Finally, mutations with functional alterations in disorder properties must be potential targets for in vitro and in vivo functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Deise C Friedrich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciana Tovo-Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Cupertino RB, Kappel DB, Bandeira CE, Schuch JB, da Silva BS, Müller D, Bau CHD, Mota NR. SNARE complex in developmental psychiatry: neurotransmitter exocytosis and beyond. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2016; 123:867-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-016-1514-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Endres RG, Lampert SS, Schuch JB, Roman T, Bosa CA. O Fenótipo Ampliado do Autismo em genitores de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista - TEA. Psic : Teor e Pesq 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-37722015032268285292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMOPesquisadores têm identificado expressões mais leves de traços do Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo - TEA em pais e irmãos destes indivíduos, que são definidas como Fenótipo Ampliado do Autismo (FAA). Este estudo investigou o perfil de personalidade de 20 genitores de crianças com o diagnóstico de TEA, utilizando a Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade e o Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire. Os resultados apontam para a presença de alguns traços de personalidade (ex: tendência à rigidez e ao retraimento social) que podem, em alguma medida, corresponder às áreas de comprometimento presentes no TEA. Estes achados refletem um campo promissor de estudos no Brasil, sobretudo porque se utilizou um instrumento brasileiro, ainda não empregado em investigações na área do autismo.
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Schuch JB, Muller D, Endres RG, Bosa CA, Longo D, Schuler-Faccini L, Ranzan J, Becker MM, dos Santos Riesgo R, Roman T. The role of β3 integrin gene variants in Autism Spectrum Disorders--diagnosis and symptomatology. Gene 2014; 553:24-30. [PMID: 25280596 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) represent a group of very complex early-onset neurodevelopmental diseases. In this study, we analyzed 5 SNPs (rs2317385, rs5918, rs15908, rs12603582, rs3809865) at the β3 integrin locus (ITGB3), which has been suggested as a possible susceptibility gene, both as single markers and as part of haplotypes in 209 ASD children and their biological parents. We tested for association with the following: a) DSM-IV ASD diagnosis; b) clinical symptoms common in ASD patients (repetitive behaviors, echolalia, seizures and epilepsy, mood instability, aggression, psychomotor agitation, sleep disorders); and c) dimensional scores obtained with the Autism Screening Questionnaire and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale. These hypotheses were investigated using family-based tests, logistic regression models and analysis of covariance. The family-based tests showed an association with the H5 haplotype (composed by GTCGA alleles, the order of SNPs as above), which was transmitted less often than expected by chance (P=0.006; Pcorr=0.036). The analyses of the clinical symptoms showed a trend for an association with rs12603582 (P=0.008; Pcorr=0.064) and positive results for the haplotype composed of rs15908 and rs12603582 (Pglcorr=0.048; Pindcorr=0.015), both in symptoms of echolalia. Other nominal associations with different variants were found and involved epilepsy/seizures, aggression symptoms and higher ASQ scores. Although our positive results are not definitive, they suggest small effect associations of the ITGB3 gene with both ASD diagnosis and symptoms of echolalia. Other studies are nonetheless needed to fully understand the involvement of this locus on the etiology of ASDs and its different clinical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Diana Muller
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Renata Giuliani Endres
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cleonice Alves Bosa
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Dânae Longo
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lavinia Schuler-Faccini
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Josiane Ranzan
- Child Neurology Unit, Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Michele Michelin Becker
- Child Neurology Unit, Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rudimar dos Santos Riesgo
- Child Neurology Unit, Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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da Rocha TJ, Korb C, Schuch JB, Bamberg DP, de Andrade FM, Fiegenbaum M. SLC30A3 and SEP15 gene polymorphisms influence the serum concentrations of zinc and selenium in mature adults. Nutr Res 2014; 34:742-8. [PMID: 25249019 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Because of their numerous roles in several biological processes, zinc and selenium are the most commonly studied micronutrients in the elderly. Therefore, we hypothesized that the polymorphisms in the genes that are responsible for the transport of zinc and selenium may have a genotype-dependent effect on the serum concentration of these micronutrients. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of solute carrier family 30 member 3 (SLC30A3) and 15-kd selenoprotein (SEP15) polymorphisms on zinc and selenium concentrations, respectively, in the serum. This cross-sectional study included 110 individuals who were aged 50 years or older. Serum micronutrient concentrations were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (for zinc) and by atomic absorption spectrophotometry with a graphite furnace (for selenium). The single-nucleotide polymorphisms, rs73924411 and rs11126936 of the SLC30A3 gene and rs5859, rs5854, and rs561104 of the SEP15 gene, were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Regarding rs11126936, the serum zinc concentration was lower in CC homozygotes (0.75 ± 0.31 mg/L) than in A carriers (0.89 ± 0.28 mg/L, P = .016). Concerning rs561104, the serum selenium concentration was higher in CC homozygotes (5.65 ± 1.11 μg/dL) compared with T carriers (4.88 ± 1.25 μg/dL, P = .044). Our results demonstrate the influence of SLC30A3 and SEP15 gene polymorphisms on the serum concentrations of zinc and selenium, respectively. The effects of these associations should be further investigated to help elucidate the modes of action of trace elements and to identify biomarkers, which could ultimately define the optimal intake of these micronutrients at the molecular level. More research must be performed before the roles of these polymorphisms in the serum concentrations of zinc and selenium can be fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane Jacobsen da Rocha
- Biomedical Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Camila Korb
- Biomedicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Fabiana Michelsen de Andrade
- Institute of Sciences, Letters and Arts and Institute of Health Sciences, University Feevale, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Marilu Fiegenbaum
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, UFCSPA, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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De Andrade FM, Maluf SW, Schuch JB, Voigt F, Barros AC, Lucatelli JF, Hutz MH. The influence of the S19W SNP of the APOA5 gene on triglyceride levels in southern Brazil: interactions with the APOE gene, sex and menopause status. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2011; 21:584-590. [PMID: 20304614 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Revised: 12/07/2009] [Accepted: 12/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hypertriglyceridemia is an important independent risk factor for coronary artery diseases and is determined by a wide range of factors, both genetic and exogenous. The A5 apolipoprotein, which is associated with the synthesis and removal of triglycerides (TG), is encoded by the APOA5 gene. One of the polymorphisms of this gene that has been the focus of a large number of studies, and which appears to be associated with increased TG, is S19W (rs 3135506). In this study, we examined the influence of this single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on TG levels of a sample of southern Brazilians. METHODS AND RESULTS Samples obtained from 567 people of European descent were genotyped; interactions between this variant and anthropometric variables were analyzed, and the effects of lifestyle, sex, menopause, and variations of the APOE gene were evaluated. We found that the 19W allele is associated with increased TG (p = 0.025) and that this influence was modulated by sex (p = 0.003), menopause (p = 0.022) and the presence of the E*4 allele (p = 0.027). CONCLUSION Our data showed, for the first time, the importance and magnitude of the influence of the S19W variant in a southern Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M De Andrade
- Health Science Institute, Centro Universitário Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil.
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