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Hampé-Kautz V, Roman T, Schwob T, Cournault B, Etienne O. In-vivo repeatability of three intra-oral spectrophotometers. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024; 36:520-526. [PMID: 38168888 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the repeatability of three spectrophotometers, based on the CIELCh factors and shadeguide reference measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS Color analysis was performed using three devices: Rayplicker, Easyshade 4, and Easyshade V. Five repeated measures were performed by the same operator, on the right central maxillary incisor of 30 patients. The CIELCh factors were retrieved and the intra-class correlation was calculated. The Vita Classical and Vita 3D Master shadeguides were used to evaluate the respective Fleiss' Kappa factors. RESULTS Rayplicker and Easyshade V demonstrated strong intra-class correlation based on the CIELCh factors: 0.98, 0.99, and 0.91 for Rayplicker, and 0.95, 0.99, and 0.93 for Easyshade V, for the L*, C*, and h* parameters, respectively. Regarding the repeatability of the shadeguide data, while Easyshade 4 had the best repeatability when using the Vita Classical as a reference, Rayplicker and Easyshade V showed better repeatability when using the Vita 3D Master. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that both Rayplicker and Easyshade V are reliable devices for measuring CIELCh parameters. In terms of shadeguide references, the reliability of spectrophotometers is generally lower compared to the CIELCh measurements. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Given their good repeatability, both the Rayplicker and the Easyshade V spectrophotometers are reliable tools for prosthetic dental practices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Robert Frank Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- INSERM U1121, Strasbourg, France
- Icube UMR7357, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thibault Schwob
- Robert Frank Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bérangère Cournault
- Robert Frank Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- INSERM U1121, Strasbourg, France
| | - Olivier Etienne
- Robert Frank Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- INSERM U1121, Strasbourg, France
- Icube UMR7357, Strasbourg, France
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Ziliotto M, Kulmann-Leal B, Kaminski VDL, Nunes GT, Riesgo RDS, Roman T, Schuch JB, Chies JAB. HLA-G*14 bp indel variant in autism spectrum disorder in a population from southern Brazil. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 383:578194. [PMID: 37683302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Altered immune response during pregnancy has been associated with ASD susceptibility. HLA-G is expressed by the trophoblast at the maternal/fetal interface and induces allogenic tolerance toward the fetus. A 14-bp insertion in the HLA-G 3'UTR (rs371194629) was associated with reduced levels of HLA-G. We aimed to assess the influence of the HLA-G*14 bp indel variant in ASD susceptibility and symptomatology in a Brazilian admixed sample. The insertion genotype (14 bp+/14 bp+) was firstly associated with hetero aggression, but statistical significance was lost after correction (p = 0.035, pcorrected = 0.35). No association between the HLA-G variant and susceptibility to ASD or differential clinical manifestations were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ziliotto
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruna Kulmann-Leal
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Valéria de Lima Kaminski
- Post Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Tyska Nunes
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rudimar Dos Santos Riesgo
- Child Neurology Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Kaminski VDL, Kulmann-Leal B, Tyska-Nunes GL, Beltrame BP, Riesgo RDS, Schüler-Faccini L, Roman T, Schuch JB, Chies JAB. Association between NKG2/KLR gene variants and epilepsy in Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 381:578132. [PMID: 37352688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a set of neurodevelopmental disorders mainly characterized by repetitive, restrictive and stereotypical behaviors, and impaired communication skills. Several lines of evidence indicate that alterations of the immune system account for ASD development, including the presence of brain-reactive antibodies, abnormal T cell activation, altered cytokine levels in brain, cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood circulation, increased levels of circulating monocytes, and dysregulation in Natural Killer (NK) cells activity. Regarding NK cells, a lower cytotoxic activity, a higher level of activation and an increased number of these cells in individuals with ASD have been described. In 2019, a study showed that NK cells derived from patients with ASD show a characteristic pattern of NKG2C overexpression, highlighting the importance of the NK cell pathway in ASD. In fact, the study of genes related to NK cell activity has proven to be an excellent research target, both in terms of susceptibility as well as a marker for the different clinical manifestations observed in ASD individuals. Here, we evaluated the influence of KLRC2 gene deletion as well as KLRK1 rs1049174 and rs2255336 variants in a cohort of 185 children diagnosed with ASD and their respective biological parents in southern Brazil. Of note, this is the first study concerning genetic variants of the KLRC2 and KLRK1 genes in an ASD sample. The KLRC2 gene deletion (p = 0.001; pc = 0.009), KLRK1 rs1049174 (p = 0.005; pc = 0.045) and KLRK1 rs2255336 (p = 0.001; pc = 0.009) were associated with epilepsy in ASD patients. The results indicate that KLRC2 deletion, KLRK1 rs2255336, and KLRK1 rs1049174 could be involved in epilepsy manifestation in ASD patients, possibly impacting the NK dysregulation already described in ASD and epileptic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria de Lima Kaminski
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Applied Immunology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Institute of Science and Technology - ICT, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São José dos Campos - São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São José dos Campos - São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Kulmann-Leal
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Luís Tyska-Nunes
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Brenda Pedron Beltrame
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rudimar Dos Santos Riesgo
- Child Neurology Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Lavinia Schüler-Faccini
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Brazilian Teratogen Information Service (SIAT), Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology - PPGBM, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Kaminski VDL, Michita RT, Ellwanger JH, Veit TD, Schuch JB, Riesgo RDS, Roman T, Chies JAB. Exploring potential impacts of pregnancy-related maternal immune activation and extracellular vesicles on immune alterations observed in autism spectrum disorder. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15593. [PMID: 37305482 PMCID: PMC10256833 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a set of neurodevelopmental disorders usually observed in early life, with impacts on behavioral and social skills. Incidence of ASD has been dramatically increasing worldwide, possibly due to increase in awareness/diagnosis as well as to genetic and environmental triggers. Currently, it is estimated that ∼1% of the world population presents ASD symptoms. In addition to its genetic background, environmental and immune-related factors also influence the ASD etiology. In this context, maternal immune activation (MIA) has recently been suggested as a component potentially involved in ASD development. In addition, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are abundant at the maternal-fetal interface and are actively involved in the immunoregulation required for a healthy pregnancy. Considering that alterations in concentration and content of EVs have also been associated with ASD, this article raises a debate about the potential roles of EVs in the processes surrounding MIA. This represents the major differential of the present review compared to other ASD studies. To support the suggested correlations and hypotheses, findings regarding the roles of EVs during pregnancy and potential influences on ASD are discussed, along with a review and update concerning the participation of infections, cytokine unbalances, overweight and obesity, maternal anti-fetal brain antibodies, maternal fever, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, labor type and microbiota unbalances in MIA and ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria de Lima Kaminski
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia - ICT, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Tomoya Michita
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular Humana, Universidade Luterana do Brasil - ULBRA, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Joel Henrique Ellwanger
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tiago Degani Veit
- Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rudimar dos Santos Riesgo
- Child Neurology Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Natolino A, Tat L, Gallo A, Roman T, Celotti E. Use of potassium polyaspartate on white wines: interaction with proteins and aroma compounds. Food Res Int 2023; 168:112768. [PMID: 37120218 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The precipitation of tartaric salts represents one of the main visual sensory faults of white wines. It can be prevented by cold stabilization or adding some adjuvants, such as potassium polyaspartate (KPA). KPA is a biopolymer that can limit the precipitation of tartaric salts linking the potassium cation, however, it could interact also with other compounds affecting wine quality. The present work aims to study the effect of potassium polyaspartate on proteins and aroma compounds of two white wines, at different storage temperatures (4 °C and 16 °C). The KPA addition showed positive effects on the quality of wines, with a significant decrease of unstable proteins (up to 92%), also related to better wine protein stability indices. A Logistic function well described the effect of KPA and storage temperature on protein concentration (R2 > 0.93; NRMSD: 1.54-3.82%). Moreover, the KPA addition allowed the preservation of the aroma concentration and no adversely effects were pointed out. Alternatively to common enological adjuvants, KPA could be considered a multifunctional product against tartaric and protein instability of white wines, avoiding adverse effects on their aroma profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Natolino
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - L Tat
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - A Gallo
- Fondazione Edmund Mach-Technology Transfer Center, via Edmund Mach 1, 38050 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - T Roman
- Fondazione Edmund Mach-Technology Transfer Center, via Edmund Mach 1, 38050 San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - E Celotti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy
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Shahum A, Mulama C, Vasko P, Rusnak T, Kmit I, Gulasova M, Stachon M, Giertliova D, Karvaj M, Bednarikova M, Barkasi D, Hennel D, Bakos M, Haluskova E, Bryndzak P, Igliarova B, Vladarova M, Paulovicova A, Vrankova E, Radi F, Katunska M, Buc V, Konosova H, Roman L, Roman T, Bozik J, Barta R, Morton D. Deadly Synergy: between Postcovid & Posttrauma Stress Syndrome in Areas of Armed Conflicts in COVID-I9 Era (Note). CSWHI 2022. [DOI: 10.22359/cswhi_13_6_03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Postcovid syndrome affects 5-20% of all patients with symptomatic Covid-I9 infection, resulting in temporary or permanent disability for next weeks or months. The commonest syndromes after long Covid-I9, (or chronic fatigue syndrome after Covid, or as synonymum postcovid syndrome) are psychic or psychosomatic disorders known under the name Depression and Anxiety Syndrome. After the unrest and armed conflicts during the Covid era, clients or patients, mainly migrants of war, are also exposed to chronic post trauma syndrome related to previous or recent destruction of infrastructure, temporary homelesness and escape from affected regions/country. Cumulation of those 2 syndromes may have devastating consequences to both, individual health and economic losses due to permanent working and economy disabilities and consumption of health and social funds. After the unrest and armed conflicts during Covid era,clients or patients, mainly migrants of war, are also exposed to chronic post trauma syndrome related to previous or recent destruction of infrastructure, temporary homelesness and escape from affected regions/country.
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Teyagirwa P, Aquin C, Kharouf N, Roman T, Senger B, Reitzer F, Etienne O. Operator versus material influence on film thickness using adhesive resin cement or pre‐heated resin composite. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 35:517-524. [PMID: 36453835 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a growing interest in using pre-heated composites instead of dual-cured cements when luting indirect restorations. This study evaluated the film thickness obtained from two pre-heated composites and two resin cements, by two different operators. The influence of the materials and the level of expertise of the operator were analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty specimens of human dentin and composite discs were prepared and divided into four groups depending on the luting process. Each group was randomly equally divided to be handled by two operators with different levels of experience. Two of the initial four groups were luted using dual-cured cements and the two remaining groups using light-cured pre-heated composites. Specimen discs were cut after luting, and film thickness was measured using a Digital microscope. Data were analyzed using a 2-way ANOVA with the Holm-Sidak pairwise multiple comparison procedure (p < 0.05). RESULTS Mean film thickness ranged from 156.16 ± 4.7 to 33.82 ± 0.7 μm. Significant differences (p < 0.001) were noticed between expert and novice results with pre-heated composites. CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, using pre-heated composites as a luting cement requires a better level of expertise to achieve a clinically acceptable film thickness. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Using pre-heated composites as luting agent for indirect restorations requires an experimented skill level to achieve a clinically recommended film thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Aquin
- Faculty of Dental Medicine University of Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Naji Kharouf
- Faculty of Dental Medicine University of Strasbourg Strasbourg France
- INSERM U1121 Strasbourg France
| | | | | | - François Reitzer
- Faculty of Dental Medicine University of Strasbourg Strasbourg France
- INSERM U1121 Strasbourg France
| | - Olivier Etienne
- Faculty of Dental Medicine University of Strasbourg Strasbourg France
- INSERM U1121 Strasbourg France
- Icube UMR7357 Strasbourg France
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Guzzon R, Schiavon S, Roman T. Microbial Diversity and Sensorial Properties of Malga Cheese from Trentino (Italy) after Long-Term Ageing Period. JFQHC 2019. [DOI: 10.18502/jfqhc.6.4.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Malga cheeses are made in artisanal and seasonal dairies located in the Alps. This study was carried out to determine microbial diversity and sensorial properties of Malga cheese from Trentino (Italy) after long-term ageing period. The effects of adding the Fermalga Bacterial Pools (FBP) on microbiota biodiversity of cheese were also evaluated. Methods: Populations of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), mesophilic/thermophilic lactobacilli, mesophilic/thermophilic lactococci, coliforms, Enterococcus sp., and Streptococcus sp. was evaluated by plate count in 38 cheese samples after 6 and 16 months of ageing. Sensorial analysis of cheeses was performed by a panel of 30 expert judges. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using STATISTICA v. 8.0. Results: The total microbial count of medium-aged (6 months) cheeses was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of long-aged (16 months) cheeses. Coliforms as well as Staphylococcus sp. were not detected in all samples. Thermophilic LAB were the relevant (45%) population in cheese made by FBP; while mesophilic LAB, mainly lactobacilli were the relevant (87%) population in the non-inoculated cheeses. The sensorial scores of 16 months-aged cheeses were significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of 6 months samples. However, there was no significant (p>0.05) difference between sensorial scores of Fermalga and non-Fermalga cheeses. Conclusion: The protection of traditional fermented foods can occur by innovative technologies, making them safe without altering their typical features. This preliminary investigation on the characteristics of Alpine Malga cheeses showed that the addition the FBP had no undesirable effect on the organoleptic characteristics of the cheeses.
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Saint-Surin I, Roman T, Touzet-Roumazeille S, Ferri J, Lauwers L. Implant-borne rehabilitation for alveolar dental cleft: Retrospective analysis of thirty-nine cases. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 121:339-343. [PMID: 31672683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental rehabilitation of patients with alveolar-dental cleft sequelae is a crucial issue in the final stages of functional and aesthetic management of these patients. The objectives of this study are to establish the success of implant-supported rehabilitations for patients with alveolar dental cleft sequelae followed in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology of Lille University Hospital and the reasons for not using this type of rehabilitation for others. MATERIALS AND METHOD Patients treated between January 2009 and December 2018 with implant-supported prostheses at an alveolar dental cleft site were included. Dental implants were placed after a complementary alveolar bone graft. Clinical and radiological criteria regarding periodontal, occlusal and prosthetic status were studied. RESULTS A total of 12 implants in 8 patients were placed. One of these implants was lost, resulting in an implant survival rate of 91.7%. All patients were able to benefit from functional rehabilitation. DISCUSSION The present results demonstrate the interest and reliability of implant rehabilitation in these patients. They furthermore highlight financial factors as a barrier to using this solution among the majority of patients in care.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Saint-Surin
- Chirurgie orale, Hôpital Salengro, centre Abel-Caumartin, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France.
| | - T Roman
- Médecine bucco-dentaire, centre Abel-Caumartin, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - S Touzet-Roumazeille
- Université Lille 2 Droit et Santé, 59000, Lille, France; Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Roger Salengro Hospital, CHU de Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - J Ferri
- Université Lille 2 Droit et Santé, 59000, Lille, France; Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Roger Salengro Hospital, CHU de Lille, 59000, Lille, France; Inserm, U1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, 59000, Lille, France
| | - L Lauwers
- Université Lille 2 Droit et Santé, 59000, Lille, France; Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Roger Salengro Hospital, CHU de Lille, 59000, Lille, France
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Stolf AR, Cupertino RB, Müller D, Sanvicente-Vieira B, Roman T, Vitola ES, Grevet EH, von Diemen L, Kessler FHP, Grassi-Oliveira R, Bau CHD, Rovaris DL, Pechansky F, Schuch JB. Effects of DRD2 splicing-regulatory polymorphism and DRD4 48 bp VNTR on crack cocaine addiction. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 126:193-199. [PMID: 30367264 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1946-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that dopamine receptors D2 (DRD2) and D4 (DRD4) polymorphisms may influence substance use disorders (SUD) susceptibility both individually and through their influence in the formation of DRD2-DRD4 heteromers. The dopaminergic role on the vulnerability to addiction appears to be influenced by sex. A cross-sectional study with 307 crack cocaine addicts and 770 controls was conducted. The influence of DRD2 rs2283265 and DRD4 48 bp VNTR in exon 3 variants, as well as their interaction on crack cocaine addiction susceptibility and severity were evaluated in women and men separately. An association between the DRD2 T allele and crack cocaine addiction was found in women. In this same group, interaction analysis demonstrated that the presence of DRD2-T allele and concomitant absence of DRD4-7R allele were associated with risk for crack cocaine addiction. No influence of DRD2 and DRD4 variants was observed in men regarding addiction severity. This study reinforces the role of dopaminergic genes in externalizing behaviors, especially the influence of DRD2-DRD4 interaction on SUD. This is the fourth sample that independently associated the DRD2-DRD4 interaction with SUD itself or related disorders. In addition, our findings point out to a potential difference of dopaminergic neurotransmission across sex influencing addiction susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson R Stolf
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Renata B Cupertino
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Diana Müller
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Breno Sanvicente-Vieira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo S Vitola
- ADHD Outpatient Program, Adult Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eugenio H Grevet
- ADHD Outpatient Program, Adult Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felix H P Kessler
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Claiton H D Bau
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,ADHD Outpatient Program, Adult Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Diego L Rovaris
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Flavio Pechansky
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline B Schuch
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Immunosenescence, Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, prédio 81, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 90619-900, Brazil.
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Stolf AR, Müller D, Schuch JB, Akutagava-Martins GC, Guimaraes LSP, Szobot CM, Halpern R, Kessler FHP, Pechansky F, Roman T. Association between the Intron 8 VNTR Polymorphism of the DAT1 Gene and Crack Cocaine Addiction. Neuropsychobiology 2018; 75:141-144. [PMID: 29332099 DOI: 10.1159/000485128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to compare allele and genotype frequencies of a 30-bp variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism of the DAT1 gene, located at intron 8, between adult crack cocaine users and nonaddicted individuals. Due to its involvement in drug addiction, this gene is a good candidate for molecular studies. METHODS A cross-sectional sample of 239 current adult crack abusers or dependents from in- and outpatient clinics and 211 control individuals was collected in Brazil. They were evaluated using ASRS, ASI-6, WAIS-III, and MINI assessments. DNA samples extracted from whole blood were genotyped for the intron 8 VNTR in DAT1. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis was performed and controlled for gender, age, ethnicity, educational level, and comorbidities of clinical interest (generalized anxiety disorder, suicide risk, major depressive episode, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder). This analysis showed that the 6R6R genotype was associated with crack cocaine addiction (OR = 1.844; CI = 1.101-3.089; p = 0.020). CONCLUSIONS Our results are consistent with the role of DAT1 in the neurobiology of drug addiction. Nevertheless, the study of other genes, environmental factors, and their interactions is also important to gain a broader understanding of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson R Stolf
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research (CPAD), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Unidade Álvaro Alvim, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Diana Müller
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline B Schuch
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research (CPAD), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Unidade Álvaro Alvim, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano S P Guimaraes
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research (CPAD), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Unidade Álvaro Alvim, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Claudia M Szobot
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research (CPAD), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Unidade Álvaro Alvim, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Service (SPIA), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Halpern
- Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felix H P Kessler
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research (CPAD), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Unidade Álvaro Alvim, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Flavio Pechansky
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research (CPAD), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Unidade Álvaro Alvim, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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de Oliveira Pereira Ribeiro L, Vargas-Pinilla P, Kappel DB, Longo D, Ranzan J, Becker MM, dos Santos Riesgo R, Schuler-Faccini L, Roman T, Schuch JB. Evidence for Association Between OXTR Gene and ASD Clinical Phenotypes. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 65:213-221. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Mariath LM, Silva AMD, Kowalski TW, Gattino GS, Araujo GAD, Figueiredo FG, Tagliani-Ribeiro A, Roman T, Vianna FSL, Schuler-Faccini L, Schuch JB. Music genetics research: Association with musicality of a polymorphism in the AVPR1A gene. Genet Mol Biol 2017; 40:421-429. [PMID: 28534928 PMCID: PMC5488451 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2016-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Musicality is defined as a natural tendency, sensibility, knowledge, or talent to
create, perceive, and play music. Musical abilities involve a great range of social
and cognitive behaviors, which are influenced by both environmental and genetic
factors. Although a number of studies have yielded insights into music genetics
research, genes and biological pathways related to these traits are not fully
understood. Our hypothesis in the current study is that genes associated with
different behaviors could also influence the musical phenotype. Our aim was to
investigate whether polymorphisms in six genes (AVPR1A, SLC6A4, ITGB3, COMT, DRD2 and
DRD4) related to social and cognitive traits are associated with musicality in a
sample of children. Musicality was assessed through an individualized music therapy
assessment profile (IMTAP) which has been validated in Brazil to measure musical
ability. We show here that the RS1 microsatellite of the AVPR1A gene is nominally
associated with musicality, corroborating previous results linking AVPR1A with
musical activity. This study is one of the first to investigate musicality in a
comprehensive way, and it contributes to better understand the genetic basis
underlying musical ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Monteavaro Mariath
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Mauat da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Thayne Woycinck Kowalski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Schulz Gattino
- Programa de Pos-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Andrade de Araujo
- Programa de Pos-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Grahl Figueiredo
- Programa de Pos-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alice Tagliani-Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Sales Luiz Vianna
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lavínia Schuler-Faccini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Roman T, Vasilache S, Maxim E, Manolica A. Factors that influence the behaviour of consumers of smartphone services in multinational companies. CURR SCI INDIA 2015. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v109/i6/1038-1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Roman T, Vasilache S, Maxim E, Manolica A. Factors that influence the behaviour of consumers of smartphone services in multinational companies. CURR SCI INDIA 2015. [DOI: 10.18520/v109/i6/1038-1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Endres RG, Lampert SS, Schuch JB, Roman T, Bosa CA. O Fenótipo Ampliado do Autismo em genitores de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista - TEA. Psic : Teor e Pesq 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/0102-37722015032268285292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMOPesquisadores têm identificado expressões mais leves de traços do Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo - TEA em pais e irmãos destes indivíduos, que são definidas como Fenótipo Ampliado do Autismo (FAA). Este estudo investigou o perfil de personalidade de 20 genitores de crianças com o diagnóstico de TEA, utilizando a Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade e o Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire. Os resultados apontam para a presença de alguns traços de personalidade (ex: tendência à rigidez e ao retraimento social) que podem, em alguma medida, corresponder às áreas de comprometimento presentes no TEA. Estes achados refletem um campo promissor de estudos no Brasil, sobretudo porque se utilizou um instrumento brasileiro, ainda não empregado em investigações na área do autismo.
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Stolf AR, Szobot CM, Halpern R, Akutagava-Martins GC, Müller D, Guimaraes LSP, Kessler FHP, Pechansky F, Roman T. Crack cocaine users show differences in genotype frequencies of the 3' UTR variable number of tandem repeats of the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1/SLC6A3). Neuropsychobiology 2015; 70:44-51. [PMID: 25247548 DOI: 10.1159/000365992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the mechanism of action of the dopamine transporter (DAT) in drug addiction, the DAT1 gene is a potential candidate for molecular studies. This paper aims to compare the prevalence of allele and genotype frequencies created by the 3' UTR variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) of this gene between crack cocaine users and controls. METHODS A cross-sectional sample of 237 current adult crack cocaine abusers or dependents (DSM-IV TR criteria) from in- and outpatient clinics in southern Brazil and 205 community controls were compared. The subjects were evaluated using the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale, the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview - short version, and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. DNA samples were genotyped for the DAT1 3' VNTR. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis was performed to compare the frequency of the 10.10 genotype (the putative risk genotype) to those of other genotypes. A significant difference (p = 0.04, OR = 1.758, CI = 1.026-3.012) indicating an increased frequency of the 10.10 genotype in the cases (59.9%) compared to the controls (49.3%) was verified using clinical and demographic covariates. CONCLUSIONS This is one of the first genetic association studies on crack cocaine users in the literature. The results suggest an influence of the DAT1 gene, namely the 3' VNTR 10.10 genotype. However, more analyses will confirm and clarify its contribution as a possible risk factor for crack cocaine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Ravy Stolf
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Schuch JB, Muller D, Endres RG, Bosa CA, Longo D, Schuler-Faccini L, Ranzan J, Becker MM, dos Santos Riesgo R, Roman T. The role of β3 integrin gene variants in Autism Spectrum Disorders--diagnosis and symptomatology. Gene 2014; 553:24-30. [PMID: 25280596 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) represent a group of very complex early-onset neurodevelopmental diseases. In this study, we analyzed 5 SNPs (rs2317385, rs5918, rs15908, rs12603582, rs3809865) at the β3 integrin locus (ITGB3), which has been suggested as a possible susceptibility gene, both as single markers and as part of haplotypes in 209 ASD children and their biological parents. We tested for association with the following: a) DSM-IV ASD diagnosis; b) clinical symptoms common in ASD patients (repetitive behaviors, echolalia, seizures and epilepsy, mood instability, aggression, psychomotor agitation, sleep disorders); and c) dimensional scores obtained with the Autism Screening Questionnaire and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale. These hypotheses were investigated using family-based tests, logistic regression models and analysis of covariance. The family-based tests showed an association with the H5 haplotype (composed by GTCGA alleles, the order of SNPs as above), which was transmitted less often than expected by chance (P=0.006; Pcorr=0.036). The analyses of the clinical symptoms showed a trend for an association with rs12603582 (P=0.008; Pcorr=0.064) and positive results for the haplotype composed of rs15908 and rs12603582 (Pglcorr=0.048; Pindcorr=0.015), both in symptoms of echolalia. Other nominal associations with different variants were found and involved epilepsy/seizures, aggression symptoms and higher ASQ scores. Although our positive results are not definitive, they suggest small effect associations of the ITGB3 gene with both ASD diagnosis and symptoms of echolalia. Other studies are nonetheless needed to fully understand the involvement of this locus on the etiology of ASDs and its different clinical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Diana Muller
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Renata Giuliani Endres
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cleonice Alves Bosa
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Dânae Longo
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lavinia Schuler-Faccini
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Josiane Ranzan
- Child Neurology Unit, Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Michele Michelin Becker
- Child Neurology Unit, Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rudimar dos Santos Riesgo
- Child Neurology Unit, Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Department of Genetics, Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Mota NR, Rovaris DL, Bertuzzi GP, Contini V, Vitola ES, Grevet EH, Roman T, Callegari-Jacques SM, Hutz MH, Bau CHD. DRD2/DRD4 heteromerization may influence genetic susceptibility to alcohol dependence. Mol Psychiatry 2013; 18:401-2. [PMID: 22565782 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2012.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Genro JP, Roman T, Rohde LA, Hutz MH. The Brazilian contribution to Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder molecular genetics in children and adolescents. Genet Mol Biol 2012; 35:932-8. [PMID: 23411749 PMCID: PMC3571428 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572012000600007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common psychiatric condition of children worldwide. This disorder is defined by a combination of symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Diagnosis is based on a sufficient number of symptoms causing impairment in these two domains determining several problems in personal and academic life. Although genetic and environmental factors are important in ADHD etiology, how these factors influence the brain and consequently behavior is still under debate. It seems to be consensus that a frontosubcortical dysfunction is responsible, at least in part, for the ADHD phenotype spectrum. The main results from association and pharmacogenetic studies performed in Brazil are discussed. The investigations performed so far on ADHD genetics in Brazil and elsewhere are far from conclusive. New plausible biological hypotheses linked to neurotransmission and neurodevelopment, as well as new analytic approaches are needed to fully disclose the genetic component of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Pasqualini Genro
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Salatino-Oliveira A, Genro JP, Chazan R, Zeni C, Schmitz M, Polanczyk G, Roman T, Rohde LA, Hutz MH. Association study of GIT1 gene with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in Brazilian children and adolescents. Genes Brain Behav 2012; 11:864-8. [PMID: 22897819 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2012.00835.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in children with a worldwide prevalence of 5.3%. Recently, a Korean group assessed the G-protein-coupled receptor kinase-interacting protein 1 (GIT1) gene that had previously been associated with ADHD. In their work, 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms SNPs in the GIT1 gene were tested; however, only the rs550818 SNP was associated with ADHD susceptibility. Moreover, the presence of the risk-associated allele determined reduced GIT1 expression, and Git1-deficient mice exhibit ADHD-like phenotypes. The aim of this study was to determine if this association also occurs in a sample of Brazilian children with ADHD. No effect of GIT1 genotypes on ADHD susceptibility was observed in the case-control analysis. The odds ratios (ORs) were 0.75 (P = 0.184) for the CT genotype and 1.09 (P = 0.862) for the TT genotype. In addition, the adjusted OR of the CT+TT genotypes vs. the CC genotype was also estimated (P = 0.245). There were no dimensional associations between the GIT1 genotypes and both hyperactivity and /impulsivity, and only hyperactivity Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Scale-Version IV (SNAP-IV) scores (P = 0.609 and P = 0.247, respectively). The transmission/disequilibrium test indicated that there was no over-transmission of rs550818 alleles from parents to ADHD children (z = 0.305; P = 0.761). We conclude that rs550818 is not associated with ADHD in this Brazilian sample. More studies are required before concluding that this polymorphism plays a role in ADHD susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Salatino-Oliveira
- Genetics Department, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Tovo-Rodrigues L, Rohde LA, Roman T, Schmitz M, Polanczyk G, Zeni C, Marques FZC, Contini V, Grevet EH, Belmonte-de-Abreu P, Bau CHD, Hutz MH. Is there a role for rare variants in DRD4 gene in the susceptibility for ADHD? Searching for an effect of allelic heterogeneity. Mol Psychiatry 2012; 17:520-6. [PMID: 21403674 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2011.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Although several studies have demonstrated an association between the 7-repeat (7R) allele in the 48-bp variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) in the exon 3 at dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), others failed to replicate this finding. In this study, a total of 786 individuals with ADHD were genotyped for DRD4 exon 3 VNTR. All 7R homozygous subjects were selected for VNTR re-sequencing. Subjects homozygous for the 4R allele were selected paired by age, ancestry and disorder subtypes in order to have a sample as homogeneous as possible with 7R/7R individuals. Using these criteria, 103 individuals (66 with ADHD and 37 control individuals) were further investigated. An excess of rare variants were observed in the 7R alleles of ADHD patient when compared with controls (P=0.031). This difference was not observed in 4R allele. Furthermore, nucleotide changes that predict synonymous and non-synonymous substitutions were more common in the 7R sample (P=0.008 for total substitutions and P=0.043 for non-synonymous substitutions). In silico prediction of structural/functional alterations caused by these variants have also been observed. Our findings suggest that not only repeat length but also DNA sequence should be assessed to better understand the role of DRD4 exon 3 VNTR in ADHD genetic susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tovo-Rodrigues
- Departament of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Rat C, Senand R, Pivette J, Roman T, Quereux G, Nguyen JM. Parcours du patient dans le dépistage ciblé du mélanome cutané : première analyse des écarts de trajectoire de la cohorte COPARIME. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2011.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Szobot CM, Roman T, Hutz MH, Genro JP, Shih MC, Hoexter MQ, Júnior N, Pechansky F, Bressan RA, Rohde LA. Molecular imaging genetics of methylphenidate response in ADHD and substance use comorbidity. Synapse 2011; 65:154-159. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.20829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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Rosa RFM, Zen PRG, Flores JAM, Golendziner E, Pilla CB, Roman T, Varella-Garcia M, Paskulin GA. [Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum in patients with congenital heart defects]. Arq Bras Cardiol 2010; 95:436-9. [PMID: 20802965 DOI: 10.1590/s0066-782x2010005000116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Accepted: 12/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND there have been few studies evaluating the frequency of oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS) in patients with congenital heart defects (CHDs). OBJECTIVE to verify the frequency of OAVS in a sample of patients with major heart malformations. METHODS we evaluated a prospective cohort of patients with CHD admitted in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit (ICU) in Brazil. The diagnosis of OAVS was made based on the clinical data, considering standard criteria. The patients that met these criteria were submitted to high resolution GTG-Banding karyotype and fluorescence in situ hybridization for 22q11.2 microdeletion. Fisher's exact test (P < 0.05) was used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS During the period of evaluation, 330 patients were hospitalized for the first time in the ICU, but thirty of them did not participate in the study. Of the 300 patients that constituted the final sample, OAVS was verified in 3 cases (1%). All presented normal cytogenetic studies. CONCLUSION OAVS seems to be a frequent condition among patients with CHDs. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that the frequency of OAVS found in our study might have been underestimated due to the low rate of prenatal detection of CHDs and the limited access of patients to appropriate health care in our region. Future prospective studies with well defined clinical criteria and subjects with mild and major defects will be important to assess the role of OAVS in the general population of subjects with heart malformations.
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Rosa RFM, Zen PRG, Ricachinevsky CP, Pilla CB, Pereira VLB, Roman T, Varella-Garcia M, Paskulin GA. 22q11.2 duplication and congenital heart defects. Arq Bras Cardiol 2010; 93:e67-9, e55-7. [PMID: 19936446 DOI: 10.1590/s0066-782x2009001000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Abstract
We review the physical mechanisms that lead toward the conversion of graphene into its fully hydrogenated counterpart, which is a material that possesses properties closer to those of diamond than graphene. These are discussed from a theoretical perspective, i.e., from calculations based on density functional theory. We first discuss stability trends in small clusters of adsorbed hydrogen, as well as surface structure and concurrent reactivity changes for graphene one-face and two-face hydrogenation. Effects of adsorbed hydrogen on graphene electronic states, which are essential to adsorbed hydrogen structure discrimination, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Roman
- Division of Precision Science & Technology and Applied Physics, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a moderate to high genetic component, probably due to many genes with small effects. Several susceptibility genes have been suggested on the basis of hypotheses that catecholaminergic pathways in the brain are responsible for ADHD. However, many negative association findings have been reported, indicating a limited success for investigations using this approach. The results from genome-wide association studies have suggested that genes related to general brain functions rather than specific aspects of the disorder may contribute to its development. Plausible biological hypotheses linked to neurotransmission and neurodevelopment in general and common to different psychiatric conditions need to be considered when defining candidate genes for ADHD association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Roman
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 - Prédio 43323, Sala 115, Caixa postal 15053, CEP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Guimarães AP, Schmitz M, Polanczyk GV, Zeni C, Genro J, Roman T, Rohde LA, Hutz MH. Further evidence for the association between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and the serotonin receptor 1B gene. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2009; 116:1675-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-009-0305-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2009] [Accepted: 08/22/2009] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Abstract
OBJETIVO:Realizar uma revisão dos aspectos históricos, epidemiológicos, clínicos, etiológicos e laboratoriais da síndrome de deleção 22q11.2, salientando-se a importância e as dificuldades do seu diagnóstico. FONTES DE DADOS: Pesquisa nas bases de dados Medline, Lilacs e SciELO, além da Internet e capítulos de livros em inglês, acerca de publicações feitas entre 1980 e 2008. Para isso, utilizaram-se os descritores "22q11", "DiGeorge", "Velocardiofacial" e "CATCH22". SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: A síndrome de deleção 22q11.2, também conhecida como síndrome de DiGeorge ou velocardiofacial, foi identificada no começo da década de 1990. A microdeleção 22q11.2 é considerada uma das síndromes de microdeleção genética mais frequentes em seres humanos. Caracteriza-se por um espectro fenotípico bastante amplo, com mais de 180 achados clínicos já descritos do ponto de vista físico e comportamental. Contudo, nenhum achado é patognomônico ou mesmo obrigatório. A maioria dos pacientes apresenta uma deleção pequena, detectada somente por técnicas de genética molecular, como a hibridização in situ fluorescente. Apresenta padrão de herança autossômico dominante, ou seja, indivíduos acometidos apresentam um risco de 50% de transmiti-la a seus filhos. CONCLUSÕES: Pacientes com a síndrome de deleção 22q11.2 frequentemente necessitam, ao longo de suas vidas, de um grande número de intervenções médicas e hospitalizações. O diagnóstico precoce é fundamental para a adequada avaliação e manejo clínico dos indivíduos e seus familiares.
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Genro JP, Polanczyk GV, Zeni C, Oliveira AS, Roman T, Rohde LA, Hutz MH. A common haplotype at the dopamine transporter gene 5' region is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2008; 147B:1568-75. [PMID: 18802919 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) is the major site of methylphenidate action, which is one of the main drugs used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Most association studies with ADHD focused in a VNTR at the 3'-untranslated region of the gene (3'UTR) presenting conflicting results. However, the most common explanation to inconsistent results is variable linkage disequilibrium with an adjacent functional variant, just a few number of DAT1 studies have reported LD structure across the gene. In this study, we screened 16 polymorphisms across the DAT1 gene to understand LD structure in a Brazilian sample of families with ADHD probands and to verify if there were evidence for a biased transmission of alleles and haplotypes from parents to their 243 children with ADHD. In the DSM-IV combined subtype, we observed a preferential transmission of the haplotype A/C/C/C/A derived from five SNPs (rs2550948, rs11564750, rs261759, rs2652511, rs2975223) in 5' region (P corrected = 0.018) and no association with any allele/haplotype at the 3' region of the gene, including the 3' VNTR and the VNTR of intron 8. These results suggest a role for the promoter region in ADHD susceptibility and that allele heterogeneity should be highly considered in DAT1 gene association studies highlighting the importance of this gene in the genetics of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia P Genro
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Rosa RF, Pilla CB, Pereira VL, Flores JA, Golendziner E, Koshiyama DB, Hertz MT, Ricachinevsky CP, Roman T, Varella‐Garcia M, Paskulin GA. 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in patients admitted to a cardiac pediatric intensive care unit in Brazil. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:1655-61. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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da Silva TL, Pianca TG, Roman T, Hutz MH, Faraone SV, Schmitz M, Rohde LA. Adrenergic alpha2A receptor gene and response to methylphenidate in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-predominantly inattentive type. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2008; 115:341-5. [PMID: 18200436 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-007-0835-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2007] [Accepted: 10/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
An association between ADRA2A -1291 C > G polymorphism and response to methylphenidate in inattentive symptoms was previously suggested in children with ADHD. No investigation specifically assessed this association in ADHD-inattentive type (ADHD-I). In this naturalistic pharmacogenetic study, 59 subjects with ADHD-I from a non-referred sample were treated with short-acting methylphenidate and genotyped for ADRA2A -1291 C > G polymorphism. The primary outcome measure was the inattentive subscale of the SNAP-IV applied by a child psychiatrist blinded to genotype at baseline and first month of treatment. Children and adolescents with the G allele showed significantly lower inattentive scores with MPH treatment at the first month of treatment than subjects without the G allele (n = 59; F = 6.14; p = 0.016). We extended to ADHD-I previous findings suggesting the influence of the G allele at the ADRA2A -1291 C > G polymorphism on the improvement of inattentive symptoms with methylphenidate in children with all ADHD subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L da Silva
- ADHD Outpatient Clinic, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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David M, Muhida R, Roman T, Kunikata S, Diño WA, Nakanishi H, Kasai H, Takano F, Shima H, Akinaga H. Applying computational nanomaterials design to the reactive ion etching of NiO thin films-a preliminary investigation. J Phys Condens Matter 2007; 19:365210. [PMID: 21694156 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/19/36/365210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We have developed and proposed a model for reactive ion etching (RIE) process design of nickel oxide thin films using a computational materials design based on ab initio calculations. On etching NiO, we found that it was necessary to have hydrogen-based reactive gases in the initial state in order to enhance RIE (e.g. NH(3), CH(4)). We strongly suggest the use of CH(4) or any H-based gas source other than CHF(3) to enhance RIE process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M David
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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Prestes AP, Marques FZC, Hutz MH, Roman T, Bau CHD. Tobacco smoking and the ADRA2A C-1291G polymorphism. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2007; 114:1503-6. [PMID: 17612790 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-007-0769-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2007] [Accepted: 05/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to test for possible associations between the C-1291G polymorphism in the alpha2A-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRA2A) with tobacco smoking and alcohol dependence. The genotype and allele frequencies were compared in three groups of European-derived Brazilian males: individuals with co-occurrence of tobacco smoking and alcohol dependence (N = 110), with tobacco smoking (N = 121) and controls (N = 114). The frequency of the G allele was higher in the group with both conditions, intermediate among subjects with smoking, and lower among controls (chi(2) = 8.00; p = 0.02). The chi(2) partitioning did not reveal significant differences between the sample with the two conditions and the sample of smokers (chi(2) = 0.82; p = 0.36). Combining both groups, the difference to the non-smoking controls is higher than the one observed in the three-groups analysis (chi(2) = 7.18; p = 0.007). The results suggest a role for the ADRA2A C-1291G polymorphism, notably the G allele, in the predisposition to tobacco smoking. The influence of the ADRA2A gene in nicotine and other substance dependencies should be more extensively assessed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Prestes
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rs, Brazil
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Zeni CP, Guimarães AP, Polanczyk GV, Genro JP, Roman T, Hutz MH, Rohde LA. No significant association between response to methylphenidate and genes of the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems in a sample of Brazilian children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2007; 144B:391-4. [PMID: 17171656 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Few studies on pharmacogenetics of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have been conducted. Most of them evaluated dopaminergic genes resulting in positive and negative findings. We assessed effects of polymorphisms in candidate dopaminergic (DRD4, DAT1) and serotonergic genes (HTR1B, HTR2A, and 5-HTT) on the response to treatment in 111 patients for whom methylphenidate (MPH) was prescribed. Outcome measures (Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham scale-version IV, Children Global Assessment Scale, Barkley's Stimulants Side Effects Rating Scale) were assessed at baseline and 1 month after the intervention. No significant association was detected between polymorphisms assessed and both response and side effects to MPH. Prospective multi-site controlled studies with larger sample sizes are needed in order to disentangle the role of candidate genes in response to ADHD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Patrick Zeni
- ADHD outpatient clinic, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Genro JP, Zeni C, Polanczyk GV, Roman T, Rohde LA, Hutz MH. A promoter polymorphism (-839 C > T) at the dopamine transporter gene is associated with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Brazilian children. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2007; 144B:215-9. [PMID: 17044101 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) plays a key role in the regulation of dopaminergic neurotransmission and is also the major site of action for methylphenidate which is one of the main drugs used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Most association studies with ADHD have concentrated on the 3'-untranslated region of the gene (3'-UTR) mainly in a variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism, but these investigations have reported discordant results. In this study, we tested this VNTR polymorphism and an additional promoter polymorphism -839 C>T (Rs: 2652511) using family-based association analyses in a sample of 243 Brazilian ADHD children and adolescents and their parents. No significant linkage disequilibrium between the two polymorphisms was detected in this sample (D' = 0.56; P = 0.22). No evidence of association with the VNTR polymorphism was found. A significant association (P = 0.03) for biased transmission of the C allele at the -839 C>T polymorphism to ADHD children in the total sample was observed, which was strengthened when the analyses were restricted to the ADHD combined type (P = 0.004). Our results suggest a role for the promoter region of DAT1 gene in ADHD susceptibility in this Brazilian sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia P Genro
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Polanczyk G, Zeni C, Genro JP, Guimarães AP, Roman T, Hutz MH, Rohde LA. Association of the Adrenergic α2A Receptor Gene With Methylphenidate Improvement of Inattentive Symptoms in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 64:218-24. [PMID: 17283289 DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.64.2.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Preclinical studies have demonstrated the relevance of adrenergic alpha2A receptor on the attentional process and the mechanism of action of methylphenidate hydrochloride. Several molecular genetic investigations suggest a role for the adrenergic alpha2A receptor gene (ADRA2A) in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), especially in the inattentive dimension. However, the effect of ADRA2A in the response to methylphenidate in humans has not been previously investigated, to our knowledge. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between the ADRA2A -1291 C>G polymorphism and the clinical response to methylphenidate treatment in children and adolescents with ADHD. DESIGN A pharmacogenomic study was undertaken between November 1, 2002, and May 1, 2004, using a nonrandom assignment, quasi-experimental design. SETTING An ADHD outpatient program at a university hospital in Brazil. Patients One hundred six patients consecutively diagnosed as having ADHD were genotyped for the ADRA2A -1291 C>G polymorphism and were included in the analyses. Intervention Short-acting methylphenidate administered in increasing dosages until no further clinical improvement was detected or until limited adverse effects occurred. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measure was the parent-rated inattentive subscale of the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Scale version IV. Secondary outcome measures included the Barkley Side Effect Rating Scale and the parent-rated hyperactivity-impulsivity subscale of the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Scale version IV. Scales were applied by child psychiatrists blinded to genotype at baseline and at 1 and 3 months of treatment. RESULTS A significant interaction effect between the presence of the G allele and treatment with methylphenidate over time on inattentive scores was detected during the 3 months of treatment (n = 106; F(2,198) = 4.30; P = .02). CONCLUSIONS We documented the effect of the G allele at the ADRA2A -1291 C>G polymorphism on the improvement of inattentive symptoms with methylphenidate treatment in children and adolescents with ADHD. Our findings provide clinical evidence for the involvement of the noradrenergic system in the modulation of methylphenidate action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Polanczyk
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Outpatient Clinic, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Guimarães APM, Zeni C, Polanczyk GV, Genro JP, Roman T, Rohde LA, Hutz MH. Serotonin genes and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a Brazilian sample: preferential transmission of the HTR2A 452His allele to affected boys. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2007; 144B:69-73. [PMID: 16958038 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood. The role of genetic factors in its etiology is strongly supported by family, adoption, and twin studies. Low serotonin activity has been associated in both animal and human studies with measures of impulsivity, aggression, and disinhibited behaviors, which make genes from the serotonin system reasonable candidates for ADHD susceptibility. In the present study, we investigated a polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter (SLC6A4) and two polymorphisms (-1438 A > G and His452Tyr) in the serotonin 5-HTR2A receptor gene using family based association analyses in a sample of 243 Brazilian ADHD children and adolescents and their parents. No linkage disequilibrium between the two HTR2A polymorphisms was detected in this sample (P = 0.76). Considering several evidences from animal models for sexual dimorphism in serotonin genes expression, analyses were performed separately for the whole sample and for male probands. No evidences for biased transmissions of both HTR2A -1438 A > G and SLC6A4 polymorphisms to ADHD youths were observed. Preferential transmission of the HTR2A His452 allele was observed only in families with affected boys (P = 0.04). Our results suggest that findings from ADHD association studies for serotonin genes might be understood in the context of a gender effect, which may help to explain conflicting results in these association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula M Guimarães
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Genro JP, Roman T, Zeni CP, Grevet EH, Schmitz M, de Abreu PB, Bau CHD, Rohde LA, Hutz MH. No association between dopaminergic polymorphisms and intelligence variability in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2006; 11:1066-7. [PMID: 17130883 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kieling C, Roman T, Doyle AE, Hutz MH, Rohde LA. Association between DRD4 gene and performance of children with ADHD in a test of sustained attention. Biol Psychiatry 2006; 60:1163-5. [PMID: 16781678 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2005] [Revised: 04/19/2006] [Accepted: 04/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adoption of neuropsychological tests as endophenotypic measures can provide an increased sensitivity to specific dimensions of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS The association between a variable number of tandem repeats polymorphism at the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) and the performance of children and adolescents with ADHD in a continuous performance test (CPT) was evaluated. The sample comprised 90 clinically referred children and adolescents with ADHD. Errors of omission and commission in the CPT were computed and the number of 48-base pairs tandem repeats in the exon III of DRD4 was assessed. RESULTS The presence of a 7-repeat allele was associated with more errors of commission and the homozygosity of the 4-repeat allele was related to fewer errors of commission and omission even after adjusting for age. CONCLUSIONS These findings bring further evidence on the role of DRD4 polymorphisms on the performance in sustained attention tasks among children and adolescents with ADHD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kieling
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
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Schmitz M, Denardin D, Silva TL, Pianca T, Roman T, Hutz MH, Faraone SV, Rohde LA. Association between alpha-2a-adrenergic receptor gene and ADHD inattentive type. Biol Psychiatry 2006; 60:1028-33. [PMID: 16806103 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2005] [Accepted: 02/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous investigations have demonstrated that an MspI polymorphism at the adrenergic alpha2A receptor gene (ADRA2A) is associated with severity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) inattentive symptoms in clinical samples composed mainly of subjects with ADHD, combined type. This study aimed to investigate the association between this ADRA2A polymorphism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-inattentive type (ADHD-I) in a nonreferred sample. METHODS In a case-control study, we assessed a sample of 100 children and adolescents with ADHD-I and 100 non-ADHD controls. Cases and controls were matched by gender and age and were screened by using teacher reports in a revised version of the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham rating scale at 12 schools. Psychiatric diagnoses were derived through structured diagnostic interviews. RESULTS Homozygous subjects for the G allele at the ADRA2A had significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for ADHD-I than did those with other genotypes (CC + CG genotypes), even after adjusting for potential confounders (p = .02; OR = 3.78; 95% confidence interval = 1.23-11.62). In family-based analyses, no significant associations were detected. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the ADRA2A may be associated with ADHD-I, replicating previous findings from clinical samples that have suggested the importance of this gene for the dimension of inattention. In addition, these results support the role of the noradrenergic system in ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Schmitz
- ADHD Outpatient Clinic Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-003, Brazil
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Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder. An impressive volume of literature documents both a strong participation of genetics in its etiology and a high rate of response to medication. However, few studies on the pharmacogenomics of ADHD have been conducted to date. This systematic review aims to present a critical discussion of findings from recent investigations. The majority of studies have focused on individual polymorphisms of the dopaminergic genes, with special emphasis on variants of the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1). Almost all studies have assessed the effects of genes in the response to methylphenidate (MPH). Some preliminary results suggest an association between homozygosity for the 10-repeat allele at DAT1 and poor response to MPH. However, other studies have reported contrasting findings. Very few investigations addressed the role of non-dopaminergic genes or gene-gene interactions in ADHD pharmacogenomics. Recent findings suggesting an association between response to MPH and an MspI polymorphism in the promoter region of the alpha2A-adrenoceptor gene (ADRA2A) are discussed. Pharmacogenomic studies of ADHD are in their infancy, and comparability between studies is difficult due to the use of different methodological approaches. As such, multi-site collaborative efforts to obtain larger samples with standardized methodology should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Polanczyk
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, ADHD Out-Patient Clinic, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Roman T, Polanczyk GV, Zeni C, Genro JP, Rohde LA, Hutz MH. Further evidence of the involvement of alpha-2A-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRA2A) in inattentive dimensional scores of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2006; 11:8-10. [PMID: 16172611 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Szobot C, Roman T, Cunha R, Acton P, Hutz M, Rohde LA. Brain perfusion and dopaminergic genes in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2005; 132B:53-8. [PMID: 15389753 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies have suggested the involvement of several brain areas in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Genetic investigations have supported the role of both dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) and dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) in the vulnerability to the disorder. This study evaluates whether the presence of risk alleles at DRD4 and/or DAT1 genes is associated with differences in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in a sample of ADHD boys. The rCBF was compared between ADHD patients with and without risk alleles at DRD4 (7-repeat allele) and/or at DAT1 (homozygosis for the 10-repeat allele) genes by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) during continuous performance test. Images were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping (SPM-99). No significant differences in rCBF were found both between ADHD boys with and without the 7-repeat allele at DRD4 locus, as well as between ADHD boys homozygous for the 10-repeat allele and ADHD subjects with other genotypes at the DAT1 locus. However, a significantly higher perfusion in the right middle temporal gyrus was found in the group with risk alleles at both DRD4 and DAT1 loci (n = 6) compared to ADHD boys without risk alleles at both loci (n = 28) (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that a higher recruitment in middle temporal gyrus, an area associated to working memory and selective attention, should exist to compensate a putative effect of the interaction between these dopaminergic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Szobot
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Lowe N, Kirley A, Hawi Z, Sham P, Wickham H, Kratochvil CJ, Smith SD, Lee SY, Levy F, Kent L, Middle F, Rohde LA, Roman T, Tahir E, Yazgan Y, Asherson P, Mill J, Thapar A, Payton A, Todd RD, Stephens T, Ebstein RP, Manor I, Barr CL, Wigg KG, Sinke RJ, Buitelaar JK, Smalley SL, Nelson SF, Biederman J, Faraone SV, Gill M. Joint analysis of the DRD5 marker concludes association with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder confined to the predominantly inattentive and combined subtypes. Am J Hum Genet 2004; 74:348-56. [PMID: 14732906 PMCID: PMC1181932 DOI: 10.1086/381561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2003] [Accepted: 11/19/2003] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable, heterogeneous disorder of early onset, consisting of a triad of symptoms: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The disorder has a significant genetic component, and theories of etiology include abnormalities in the dopaminergic system, with DRD4, DAT1, SNAP25, and DRD5 being implicated as major susceptibility genes. An initial report of association between ADHD and the common 148-bp allele of a microsatellite marker located 18.5 kb from the DRD5 gene has been followed by several studies showing nonsignificant trends toward association with the same allele. To establish the postulated association of the (CA)(n) repeat with ADHD, we collected genotypic information from 14 independent samples of probands and their parents, analyzed them individually and, in the absence of heterogeneity, analyzed them as a joint sample. The joint analysis showed association with the DRD5 locus (P=.00005; odds ratio 1.24; 95% confidence interval 1.12-1.38). This association appears to be confined to the predominantly inattentive and combined clinical subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Lowe
- Department of Genetics, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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Abstract
Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a very common and heterogeneous childhood-onset psychiatric disorder, affecting between 3% and 5% of school age children worldwide. Although the neurobiology of ADHD is not completely understood, imbalances in both dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems have been implicated in the origin and persistence of core symptoms, which include inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The role of a genetic component in its etiology is strongly supported by genetic studies, and several investigations have suggested that the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1; SLC6A3 locus) may be a small-effect susceptibility gene for ADHD. Stimulant medication has a well-documented efficacy in reducing ADHD symptoms. Methylphenidate, the most prescribed stimulant, seems to act mainly by inhibiting the dopamine transporter protein and dopamine reuptake. In fact, its effect is probably related to an increase in extracellular levels of dopamine, especially in brain regions enriched in this protein (i.e. striatum). It is also important to note that dopamine transporter densities seem to be particularly elevated in the brain of ADHD patients, decreasing after treatment with methylphenidate. Altogether, these observations suggest that the dopamine transporter does play a major role in ADHD. Among the several polymorphisms already described in the SLC6A3 locus, a 40 bp variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism has been extensively investigated in association studies with ADHD. Although there are some negative results, the findings from these reports indicate the allele with ten copies of the 40 bp sequence (10-repeat allele) as the risk allele for ADHD. Some investigations have suggested that this polymorphism can be implicated in dopamine transporter gene expression in vitro and dopamine transporter density in vivo, even though it is located in a non-coding region of the SLC6A3 locus. Despite all these data, few studies have addressed the relationship between genetic markers (specifically the VNTR) at the SLC6A3 locus and response to methylphenidate in ADHD patients. A significant effect of the 40 bp VNTR on response to methylphenidate has been detected in most of these reports. However, the findings are inconsistent regarding both the allele (or genotype) involved and the direction of this influence (better or worse response). Thus, further investigations are required to determine if genetic variation due to the VNTR in the dopamine transporter gene is able to predict different levels of clinical response and palatability to methylphenidate in patients with ADHD, and how this information would be useful in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Roman
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Federal School of Medical Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Rohde
- ADHD Outpatient Clinic, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Roman T, Schmitz M, Polanczyk GV, Eizirik M, Rohde LA, Hutz MH. Is the alpha-2A adrenergic receptor gene (ADRA2A) associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2003; 120B:116-20. [PMID: 12815749 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.20018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a complex childhood-onset psychiatric disorder characterized by marked symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The role of genetic factors in its etiology is strongly supported by family, adoption, and twin studies. Although most of the molecular studies have investigated the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) and the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) genes in its etiology, pharmacological and brain imaging evidences seem to indicate that genes of the adrenergic system could also be attractive for association studies. We investigated a sample of 96 Brazilian ADHD children and adolescents and their parents for the ADRA2A MspI polymorphism. Although no association with either MspI allele was observed through the haplotype relative risk (HRR) analysis, effects of the ADRA2A gene on inattention and combined (inattention + hyperactivity/impulsivity) symptom scores were detected (U = 222.5, z = 2.19, P = 0.03; and U = 208.5, z = 2.32, P = 0.02, respectively). Our results suggest that the ADRA2A gene might have a small effect on ADHD susceptibility or that this gene might modulate the severity of the disorder. They are also consistent with the noradrenergic theories of ADHD, suggesting a role for the alpha2A adrenergic receptors in the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Roman
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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