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Davis CN, Dash GF, Miller MB, Slutske WS. Past year high-intensity drinking moderates the association between simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use and blackout frequency among college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:140-146. [PMID: 33577429 PMCID: PMC8357845 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1880415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The role of simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use in the experience of blackouts among college students is unclear. To clarify discrepancies, the current study evaluated whether the association between SAM user status and blackouts was moderated by high-intensity drinking (HID). Participants and Methods: College students (N = 1,224; 63.7% female) reported on their past year experiences of blackout, marijuana use, SAM use, and HID (i.e., drinking at least twice the binge threshold). Results: SAM users had more past year blackouts than non-SAM users, but this effect was only significant among SAM users who had engaged in HID in the past year (nonbinge: F(5,37) = 0.50, p = 0.49; binge: F(5,138) = 0.23, p = 0.63; HID: F(5,328) = 4.52, p = 0.03). Conclusions: Effects of SAM user status on the experience of alcohol-related blackouts may be limited to individuals who engage in HID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christal N. Davis
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, 210 McAlester Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Genevieve F. Dash
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, 210 McAlester Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Mary Beth Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri, 1 Hospital Drive DC067.00, Columbia 65212, USA
| | - Wendy S. Slutske
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, 210 McAlester Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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2
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Helle AC, Boness CL, Sher KJ. College students' receptiveness to intervention approaches for alcohol and cannabis use. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2022; 36:157-176. [PMID: 33749290 PMCID: PMC8455707 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Addressing high-risk alcohol and cannabis use represent major challenges to institutions of higher education. A range of evidence-based treatment approaches are available, but little is known concerning students' receptiveness to such approaches. Prior work identified that students were most open to individual therapy and self-help options for reducing alcohol use, but less open to medication. The current study examines student receptiveness to intervention approaches across a wider range of intervention approaches (e.g., remote/telehealth), and extends to evaluate cannabis intervention receptiveness. METHOD Undergraduate students reported on alcohol and cannabis use, motives for and reasons against use, and openness to an array of interventions for reducing alcohol and cannabis use. RESULTS Informal options (self-help, talking with family/friends), individual therapy, and appointments with a primary care provider (PCP) were endorsed most frequently. Group therapy and medication were less commonly endorsed, though medication was endorsed at a higher prevalence than in prior studies. Women generally expressed higher receptiveness than men. Lower alcohol consumption was associated with increased receptiveness to some approaches. Students at high risk for alcohol and/or cannabis dependence were less receptive to many treatment options. CONCLUSIONS College students were open to a wide variety of approaches for reducing their alcohol and cannabis use. These results can inform selection, implementation, and availability of campus-wide services, especially as low-cost technological-based approaches are expanding. Further attention to existing services (e.g., PCP) for addressing alcohol and cannabis use may be considered, given students' receptiveness to such approaches. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley C. Helle
- University of Missouri, Department of Psychological
Sciences, 200 South 7 Street, Columbia, MO 65211, United State
- Corresponding author:
| | - Cassandra L. Boness
- University of Missouri, Department of Psychological
Sciences, 200 South 7 Street, Columbia, MO 65211, United State
| | - Kenneth J. Sher
- University of Missouri, Department of Psychological
Sciences, 200 South 7 Street, Columbia, MO 65211, United State
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3
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Guo X, Yan T, Chen M, Ma X, Li R, Li B, Yang A, Chen Y, Fang T, Yu H, Tian H, Chen G, Zhuo C. Differential effects of alcohol-drinking patterns on the structure and function of the brain and cognitive performance in young adult drinkers: A pilot study. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2427. [PMID: 34808037 PMCID: PMC8785638 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study was aimed to determine how different patterns of alcohol consumption drive changes to brain structure and function and their correlation with cognitive impairments in young adult alcohol drinkers. METHODS In this study, we enrolled five groups participants and defined as: long-term abstinence from alcohol (LA), binge drinking (BD), long-term low dosage alcohol consumption but exceeding the safety drinking dosage (LD), long-term alcohol consumption of damaging dosage (LDD), and long-term heavy drinking (HD). All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional MRI (fMRI) to acquire data on brain structure and function, including gray matter volume (GMV), fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), functional connectivity (FC), and brain network properties. The cognitive ability was evaluated with the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), intelligence quotient (IQ), and short delay free recall (SDFR). RESULTS Compared to LA, GMV significantly decreased in the brain regions in VN, SMN, and VAN in the alcohol-drinking groups (BD, LD, LDD, and HD). ReHo was significantly enhanced in the brain regions in VN, SMN, and VAN, while fALFF significantly increased in the brain regions in VN and SMN. The number of intra- and inter-modular connections within networks (VN, SMN, sensory control network [SCN], and VAN) and their connections to other modules were abnormally changed. These changes adversely affected cognition (e.g., IQ, CVLT, SDFR). CONCLUSION Despite the small sample size, this study provides new evidence supporting the need for young people to abstain from alcohol to protect their brains. These findings present strong reasoning for updating anti-alcohol slogans and guidelines for young people in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Guo
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tongjun Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, 904th Hospital of PLA, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Chen
- Institute of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Department of Alcohol Dependence Management, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin Medical University Clinical Hospital of Mental Health, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin Mental Health Center, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry Neuroimaging-Genetics and Co-morbidity (PNGC_Lab) of Tianjin Medical University Clinical Hospital of Mental Health, Nankai University Affiliated Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ranli Li
- Department of Alcohol Dependence Management, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin Medical University Clinical Hospital of Mental Health, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin Mental Health Center, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry Neuroimaging-Genetics and Co-morbidity (PNGC_Lab) of Tianjin Medical University Clinical Hospital of Mental Health, Nankai University Affiliated Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Tianjin Kangtai Mental Health Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Anqu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tianjin Kangtai Mental Health Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhui Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Tianjin Kangtai Mental Health Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Fang
- Key Laboratory of Real Time Brain Circuits Tracing of Neurology and Psychiatry (RTBNB_Lab), Tianjin Fourth Center Hospital, Tianjin Medical Affiliated Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Nankai University Affiliated Tianjin Fourth Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiping Yu
- Department of Alcohol Dependence Management, Wenzhou Seventh Peoples Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongjun Tian
- Key Laboratory of Real Time Brain Circuits Tracing of Neurology and Psychiatry (RTBNB_Lab), Tianjin Fourth Center Hospital, Tianjin Medical Affiliated Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Nankai University Affiliated Tianjin Fourth Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangdong Chen
- Department of Alcohol Dependence Management, Wenzhou Seventh Peoples Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chuanjun Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Real Time Brain Circuits Tracing of Neurology and Psychiatry (RTBNB_Lab), Tianjin Fourth Center Hospital, Tianjin Medical Affiliated Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, Nankai University Affiliated Tianjin Fourth Center Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Alcohol Dependence Management, Wenzhou Seventh Peoples Hospital, Wenzhou, China
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4
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Lorkiewicz SA, Baker FC, Müller-Oehring EM, Haas A, Wickham R, Sassoon SA, Clark DB, Nooner KB, Tapert SF, Brown SA, Schulte T. A Longitudinal Examination of Alcohol-Related Blackouts as a Predictor of Changes in Learning, Memory, and Executive Function in Adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:866051. [PMID: 35599753 PMCID: PMC9120418 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.866051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In adolescents, the relationship between alcohol-related blackouts (ARBs) and distinct cognitive changes lasting beyond intoxication is unclear. We examined ARBs as a predictor of persistent changes in the development of learning, memory, and executive function in participants from the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) study. METHODS Descriptive analyses of the NCANDA sample (N = 831, 50.9% female, 12-21 years at baseline) identified ARB patterns within participants with an ARB history (n = 106). Latent growth curve modeling evaluated ARB-related performance changes on four neuropsychological measures across five years, excluding baseline data to reduce the magnitude of practice effects over time (n = 790). Measures included the Penn Conditional Exclusion Test (PCET), Penn Letter N-back Test (PLBT), Penn Facial Memory Test immediate (PFMTi), and delayed (PFMTd) recognition trials, and the Rey Complex Figure Test copy (RCFTc), immediate recall (RCFTi), and delayed recall (RCFTd) trials. Multivariate models were fit for raw accuracy scores from each measure, with ARB history (i.e., presence of past-year ARBs) as the main independent variable. Age, sex, race, socioeconomic status, assessment site, and alcohol use (i.e., past-year frequency) were included as covariates. Interaction effects between ARB history and alcohol use frequency were tested. RESULTS By year five, 16% of participants had experienced at least one ARB (59% of whom reported > 1 ARB and 57% of whom had an ARB lasting > 1 h). After controlling for demographics and alcohol use, ARB history predicted attenuated PFMTd performance growth at year one. Interaction effects between ARB history and alcohol use frequency predicted attenuated PFMTd performance growth at years one and two. ARB history predicted attenuated RCFTi and RCFTd performance growth by year four, but not PCET or PLBT performance over time. By contrast, greater past-year alcohol use predicted attenuated PFMTi and PFMTd performance growth between years two and four in adolescents without an ARB history. CONCLUSION We found that ARBs predict distinct, lasting changes in learning and memory for visual information, with results suggesting that the developing brain is vulnerable to ARBs during adolescence and emerging adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Lorkiewicz
- Clinical Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Fiona C Baker
- SRI International, Neuroscience Program, Menlo Park, CA, United States.,Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Eva M Müller-Oehring
- SRI International, Neuroscience Program, Menlo Park, CA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Amie Haas
- Clinical Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Robert Wickham
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
| | | | - Duncan B Clark
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kate B Nooner
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, United States
| | - Susan F Tapert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Sandra A Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Tilman Schulte
- Clinical Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,SRI International, Neuroscience Program, Menlo Park, CA, United States
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5
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Hua JPY, Sher KJ, Boness CL, Trela CJ, McDowell YE, Merrill AM, Piasecki TM, Kerns JG. Prospective Study Examining the Effects of Extreme Drinking on Brain Structure in Emerging Adults. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:2200-2211. [PMID: 32970324 PMCID: PMC7680366 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging adulthood is a critical neurodevelopment period in which extreme drinking has a potentially pronounced neurotoxic effect. Therefore, extreme drinking, even a single episode, could be particularly harmful to the developing brain's structure. Relatedly, heavy alcohol use in emerging adults has been associated with structural brain damage, especially in the corpus callosum. However, it is unclear whether and how much a single extreme drinking episode would affect brain morphometry. METHODS For the first time in the literature, the current study prospectively examined the impact of an extreme drinking episode (i.e., twenty-first birthday celebration) on the brain morphometry of emerging adults immediately following their birthday celebration (n = 50) and approximately 5 weeks post-birthday celebration (n = 29). RESULTS We found evidence that a single extreme drinking episode was associated with structural changes immediately post-birthday celebration. Specifically, higher twenty-first birthday estimated blood-alcohol concentration was associated with decreased volume of the posterior and central corpus callosum immediately post-birthday celebration. This extreme drinking episode was not associated with further structural changes, or recovery, 5 weeks post-twenty-first birthday celebration. CONCLUSIONS Overall, results suggest that a single episode of heavy drinking in emerging adulthood may be associated with immediate structural changes of the corpus callosum. Thus, emerging adulthood, which is characterized by high rates of extreme drinking, could be a critical period for targeted prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P. Y. Hua
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211,San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121
| | - Kenneth J. Sher
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Cassandra L. Boness
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Constantine J. Trela
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Yoanna E. McDowell
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Anne M. Merrill
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - Thomas M. Piasecki
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
| | - John G. Kerns
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211,To whom correspondence should be addressed: John G. Kerns, tel: 573-882-6860, fax: 573-882-7710,
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