1
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Zhao M, Dai B, Li X, Zhang Y, Qiao C, Qin Y, Li Z, Li Q, Wang S, Yang Y, Chen Y. RAPSYN-mediated neddylation of BCR-ABL alternatively determines the fate of Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia. eLife 2024; 12:RP88375. [PMID: 38865175 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) leukemia is a fatal hematological malignancy. Although standard treatments with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have achieved remarkable success in prolonging patient survival, intolerance, relapse, and TKI resistance remain serious issues for patients with Ph+ leukemia. Here, we report a new leukemogenic process in which RAPSYN and BCR-ABL co-occur in Ph+ leukemia, and RAPSYN mediates the neddylation of BCR-ABL. Consequently, neddylated BCR-ABL enhances the stability by competing its c-CBL-mediated degradation. Furthermore, SRC phosphorylates RAPSYN to activate its NEDD8 E3 ligase activity, promoting BCR-ABL stabilization and disease progression. Moreover, in contrast to in vivo ineffectiveness of PROTAC-based degraders, depletion of RAPSYN expression, or its ligase activity decreased BCR-ABL stability and, in turn, inhibited tumor formation and growth. Collectively, these findings represent an alternative to tyrosine kinase activity for the oncoprotein and leukemogenic cells and generate a rationale of targeting RAPSYN-mediated BCR-ABL neddylation for the treatment of Ph+ leukemia.
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MESH Headings
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Animals
- Mice
- NEDD8 Protein/metabolism
- NEDD8 Protein/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Zhao
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Beiying Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaru Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingmei Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuzhen Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yijun Chen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Chongqing Innovation Institute of China Pharmaceutical University, Chongqing, China
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2
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Garzon JP, Pardo AC, Raski CR, Prada CE. Dandy-Walker malformation in an individual with ABL1 variant. Am J Med Genet A 2024:e63718. [PMID: 38760987 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Dandy-Walker malformation (DWM) is often sporadic, but there are a growing number of genetic disorders that have been associated with this condition. We present a female individual with a de novo variant in ABL1, c.734A>G (p.Y245), who was diagnosed prenatally with DWM. ABL1-related neurodevelopmental disorder was recently identified but brain malformations have not been well characterized to date. We reviewed the published literature and identified one additional individual with DWM and ABL1-related disorder, which suggests a possible association with this malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny P Garzon
- Division of Genetics, Genomics, and Metabolism, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andrea C Pardo
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Carolyn R Raski
- Division of Genetics, Genomics, and Metabolism, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Carlos E Prada
- Division of Genetics, Genomics, and Metabolism, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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3
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Combarel D, Dousset L, Bouchet S, Ferrer F, Tetu P, Lebbe C, Ciccolini J, Meyer N, Paci A. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancers: Treatment optimization - Part I. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 199:104384. [PMID: 38762217 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
A multitude of TKI has been developed and approved targeting various oncogenetic alterations. While these have provided improvements in efficacy compared with conventional chemotherapies, resistance to targeted therapies occurs. Mutations in the kinase domain result in the inability of TKI to inactivate the protein kinase. Also, gene amplification, increased protein expression and downstream activation or bypassing of signalling pathways are commonly reported mechanisms of resistance. Improved understanding of mechanisms involved in TKI resistance has resulted in the development of new generations of targeted agents. In a race against time, the search for new, more potent and efficient drugs, and/or combinations of drugs, remains necessary as new resistance mechanisms to the latest generation of TKI emerge. This review examines the various generations of TKI approved to date and their common mechanisms of resistance, focusing on TKI targeting BCR-ABL, epidermal growth factor receptor, anaplastic lymphoma kinase and BRAF/MEK tyrosine kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Combarel
- Service de Pharmacologie, Département de Biologie et Pathologie médicales, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France; Service de Pharmacocinétique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry 92 296, France
| | - Léa Dousset
- Dermatology Department, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Stéphane Bouchet
- Département de Pharmacologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Florent Ferrer
- Department of Pharmacology, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France; SMARTc Unit, CRCM Inserm U1068, Aix Marseille Univ and APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Pauline Tetu
- Department of Dermatology, APHP Dermatology, Paris 7 Diderot University, INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Céleste Lebbe
- Department of Dermatology, APHP Dermatology, Paris 7 Diderot University, INSERM U976, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Joseph Ciccolini
- SMARTc Unit, CRCM Inserm U1068, Aix Marseille Univ and APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Meyer
- Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche 1037-CRCT, Toulouse, France
| | - Angelo Paci
- Service de Pharmacologie, Département de Biologie et Pathologie médicales, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France; Service de Pharmacocinétique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry 92 296, France.
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4
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AlAbdi L, Neuhann T, Prott EC, Schön U, Abdulwahab F, Faqeih E, Alkuraya FS. Human ABL1 deficiency syndrome (HADS) is a recognizable syndrome distinct from ABL1-related congenital heart defects and skeletal malformations syndrome. Hum Genet 2024:10.1007/s00439-024-02677-y. [PMID: 38743093 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-024-02677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Germline gain of function variants in the oncogene ABL1 cause congenital heart defects and skeletal malformations (CHDSKM) syndrome. Whether a corresponding ABL1 deficiency disorder exists in humans remains unknown although developmental defects in mice deficient for Abl1 support this notion. Here, we describe two multiplex consanguineous families, each segregating a different homozygous likely loss of function variant in ABL1. The associated phenotype is multiple congenital malformations and distinctive facial dysmorphism that are opposite in many ways to CHDSKM. We suggest that a tight balance of ABL1 activity is required during embryonic development and that both germline gain of function and loss of function variants result in distinctively different allelic congenital malformation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lama AlAbdi
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Ulrike Schön
- MGZ Medizinisch Genetisches Zentrum, Munich, Germany
| | - Firdous Abdulwahab
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eissa Faqeih
- Section of Medical Genetics, King Fahad Medical City, Children's Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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5
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Wang Y, He Y, Shi Y, Qian DC, Gray KJ, Winn R, Martin AR. Aspiring toward equitable benefits from genomic advances to individuals of ancestrally diverse backgrounds. Am J Hum Genet 2024; 111:809-824. [PMID: 38642557 PMCID: PMC11080611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Advancements in genomic technologies have shown remarkable promise for improving health trajectories. The Human Genome Project has catalyzed the integration of genomic tools into clinical practice, such as disease risk assessment, prenatal testing and reproductive genomics, cancer diagnostics and prognostication, and therapeutic decision making. Despite the promise of genomic technologies, their full potential remains untapped without including individuals of diverse ancestries and integrating social determinants of health (SDOHs). The NHGRI launched the 2020 Strategic Vision with ten bold predictions by 2030, including "individuals from ancestrally diverse backgrounds will benefit equitably from advances in human genomics." Meeting this goal requires a holistic approach that brings together genomic advancements with careful consideration to healthcare access as well as SDOHs to ensure that translation of genetics research is inclusive, affordable, and accessible and ultimately narrows rather than widens health disparities. With this prediction in mind, this review delves into the two paramount applications of genetic testing-reproductive genomics and precision oncology. When discussing these applications of genomic advancements, we evaluate current accessibility limitations, highlight challenges in achieving representativeness, and propose paths forward to realize the ultimate goal of their equitable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Yixuan He
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yue Shi
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - David C Qian
- Department of Thoracic Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kathryn J Gray
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert Winn
- Virginia Commonwealth University Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Alicia R Martin
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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6
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Takeda K, Ohta S, Nagao M, Kobayashi E, Tago K, Funakoshi-Tago M. FL118 Is a Potent Therapeutic Agent against Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Resistant to BCR-ABL Inhibitors through Targeting RNA Helicase DDX5. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3693. [PMID: 38612503 PMCID: PMC11011477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is induced by the expression of the fused tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL, which is caused by a chromosomal translocation. BCR-ABL inhibitors have been used to treat CML; however, the acquisition of resistance by CML cells during treatment is a serious issue. We herein demonstrated that BCR-ABL induced the expression of the RNA helicase DDX5 in K562 cells derived from CML patients in a manner that was dependent on its kinase activity, which resulted in cell proliferation and survival. The knockout of DDX5 decreased the expression of BIRC5 (survivin) and activated caspase 3, leading to apoptosis in K562 cells. Similar results were obtained in cells treated with FL118, an inhibitor of DDX5 and a derivative compound of camptothecin (CPT). Furthermore, FL118 potently induced apoptosis not only in Ba/F3 cells expressing BCR-ABL, but also in those expressing the BCR-ABL T315I mutant, which is resistant to BCR-ABL inhibitors. Collectively, these results revealed that DDX5 is a critical therapeutic target in CML and that FL118 is an effective candidate compound for the treatment of BCR-ABL inhibitor-resistant CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Takeda
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (K.T.); (M.N.); (E.K.)
| | - Satoshi Ohta
- Division of Structural Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan;
| | - Miu Nagao
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (K.T.); (M.N.); (E.K.)
| | - Erika Kobayashi
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (K.T.); (M.N.); (E.K.)
| | - Kenji Tago
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi 371-8514, Gunma, Japan;
| | - Megumi Funakoshi-Tago
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (K.T.); (M.N.); (E.K.)
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7
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Marchal MA, Moose DL, Varzavand A, Jordan NE, Taylor D, Tanas MR, Brown JA, Henry MD, Stipp CS. Abl kinases can function as suppressors of tumor progression and metastasis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1241056. [PMID: 37746268 PMCID: PMC10514900 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1241056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Abl family kinases function as proto-oncogenes in various leukemias, and pro-tumor functions have been discovered for Abl kinases in many solid tumors as well. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that Abl kinases can function to suppress tumor cell proliferation and motility and tumor growth in vivo in some settings. Methods To investigate the role of Abl kinases in tumor progression, we used RNAi to generate Abl-deficient cells in a model of androgen receptor-indifferent, metastatic prostate cancer. The effect of Abl kinase depletion on tumor progression and metastasis was studied in an in vivo orthotopic model, and tumor cell motility, 3D growth, and signaling was studied in vitro. Results Reduced Abl family kinase expression resulted in a highly aggressive, metastatic phenotype in vivo that was associated with AKT pathway activation, increased growth on 3D collagen matrix, and enhanced cell motility in vitro. Inhibiting AKT pathway signaling abolished the increased 3D growth of Abl-deficient cells, while treatment with the Abl kinase inhibitor, imatinib, promoted 3D growth of multiple additional tumor cell types. Moreover, Abl kinase inhibition also promoted soft-agar colony formation by pre-malignant fibroblasts. Conclusions Collectively, our data reveal that Abl family kinases can function to suppress malignant cell phenotypes in vitro, and tumor progression and metastasis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Marchal
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Devon L Moose
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Afshin Varzavand
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Nicole E Jordan
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Destiney Taylor
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Munir R Tanas
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - James A Brown
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Urology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Michael D Henry
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Christopher S Stipp
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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8
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Q&A: Riccardo Dalla-Favera on Cancer Genetics. Blood Cancer Discov 2023; 4:339-341. [PMID: 37655400 PMCID: PMC10487288 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-nd2023-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
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9
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Ribera JM, Prawitz T, Freitag A, Sharma A, Dobi B, Rizzo F, Sabatelli L, Patos P. Ponatinib vs. Imatinib as Frontline Treatment for Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Matching Adjusted Indirect Comparison. Adv Ther 2023; 40:3087-3103. [PMID: 37208556 PMCID: PMC10272268 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02497-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Efficacy of ponatinib-based treatment for patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph + ALL) has not been compared to imatinib-based treatments in head-to-head clinical trials. We evaluated its efficacy versus imatinib-based regimens using a matching adjusted indirect comparison. METHODS Two ponatinib studies were used: the phase 2 MDACC study of ponatinib + hyper-CVAD (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone) in adult patients and the phase 2 GIMEMA LAL1811 study of ponatinib + steroids in patients > 60 years/unfit for intensive chemotherapy and stem cell transplant. Studies on imatinib as first-line treatment in adults with Ph + ALL were identified using a systematic literature search. Population adjustment was based on the prognostic factors and effect modifiers identified by clinical experts. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for overall survival (OS) and odds ratios (ORs) for complete molecular response (CMR). RESULTS The systematic literature search identified two studies (GRAAPH-2005 and NCT00038610) reporting the efficacy of first-line imatinib + hyper-CVAD and one study reporting the efficacy of first-line imatinib monotherapy induction + imatinib-based consolidation (CSI57ADE10). Ponatinib + hyper-CVAD prolonged OS and gave a higher CMR rate than imatinib + hyper-CVAD. The adjusted HR [95% confidence interval (CI)] for OS was 0.35 (0.17-0.74) for MDACC vs. GRAAPH-2005 and 0.35 (0.18-0.70) for MDACC vs. NCT00038610; the adjusted OR (95% CI) for CMR was 12.11 (3.77-38.87) for MDACC vs. GRAAPH-2005 and 5.65 (2.02-15.76) for MDACC vs. NCT00038610. Ponatinib + steroids prolonged OS and gave a higher CMR rate than imatinib monotherapy induction + imatinib-containing consolidation. The adjusted HR (95% CI) for OS was 0.24 (0.09-0.64) and the adjusted OR (95% CI) for CMR was 6.20 (1.60-24.00) for GIMEMA LAL1811 vs. CSI57ADE10. CONCLUSION In adults with newly diagnosed Ph + ALL, first-line treatment with ponatinib was associated with better outcomes than first-line treatment with imatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep-Maria Ribera
- ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, c/ Canyet, s/n, 08916, Badalona, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | - Federica Rizzo
- Incyte Biosciences International Sàrl, Morges, Switzerland
| | | | - Petros Patos
- Incyte Biosciences International Sàrl, Morges, Switzerland
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10
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Sadeghi M, Fathi M, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Mohammadi H, Yousefi M, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Namdar A, Movasaghpour Akbari AA, Jadidi-Niaragh F. The prognostic and therapeutic potential of HO-1 in leukemia and MDS. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:57. [PMID: 36915102 PMCID: PMC10009952 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01074-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a heme-degrading enzyme, is proven to have anti-apoptotic effects in several malignancies. In addition, HO-1 is reported to cause chemoresistance and increase cell survival. Growing evidence indicates that HO-1 contributes to the course of hematological malignancies as well. Here, the expression pattern, prognostic value, and the effect of HO-1 targeting in HMs are discussed. MAIN BODY According to the recent literature, it was discovered that HO-1 is overexpressed in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells and is associated with high-risk disease. Furthermore, in addition to HO-1 expression by leukemic and MDS cells, CML, AML, and ALL leukemic stem cells express this protein as well, making it a potential target for eliminating minimal residual disease (MRD). Moreover, it was concluded that HO-1 induces tumor progression and prevents apoptosis through various pathways. CONCLUSION HO-1 has great potential in determining the prognosis of leukemia and MDS patients. HO-1 induces resistance to several chemotherapeutic agents as well as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and following its inhibition, chemo-sensitivity increases. Moreover, the exact role of HO-1 in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is yet unknown. While findings illustrate that MDS and other leukemic patients could benefit from HO-1 targeting. Future studies can help broaden our knowledge regarding the role of HO-1 in MDS and leukemia. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadeghi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Fathi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Afshin Namdar
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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11
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Candido MF, Medeiros M, Veronez LC, Bastos D, Oliveira KL, Pezuk JA, Valera ET, Brassesco MS. Drugging Hijacked Kinase Pathways in Pediatric Oncology: Opportunities and Current Scenario. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020664. [PMID: 36839989 PMCID: PMC9966033 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood cancer is considered rare, corresponding to ~3% of all malignant neoplasms in the human population. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports a universal occurrence of more than 15 cases per 100,000 inhabitants around the globe, and despite improvements in diagnosis, treatment and supportive care, one child dies of cancer every 3 min. Consequently, more efficient, selective and affordable therapeutics are still needed in order to improve outcomes and avoid long-term sequelae. Alterations in kinases' functionality is a trademark of cancer and the concept of exploiting them as drug targets has burgeoned in academia and in the pharmaceutical industry of the 21st century. Consequently, an increasing plethora of inhibitors has emerged. In the present study, the expression patterns of a selected group of kinases (including tyrosine receptors, members of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways, coordinators of cell cycle progression, and chromosome segregation) and their correlation with clinical outcomes in pediatric solid tumors were accessed through the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform and by a thorough search of published literature. To further illustrate the importance of kinase dysregulation in the pathophysiology of pediatric cancer, we analyzed the vulnerability of different cancer cell lines against their inhibition through the Cancer Dependency Map portal, and performed a search for kinase-targeted compounds with approval and clinical applicability through the CanSAR knowledgebase. Finally, we provide a detailed literature review of a considerable set of small molecules that mitigate kinase activity under experimental testing and clinical trials for the treatment of pediatric tumors, while discuss critical challenges that must be overcome before translation into clinical options, including the absence of compounds designed specifically for childhood tumors which often show differential mutational burdens, intrinsic and acquired resistance, lack of selectivity and adverse effects on a growing organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ferreira Candido
- Department of Cell Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Medeiros
- Regional Blood Center, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Chain Veronez
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - David Bastos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Karla Laissa Oliveira
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia Alejandra Pezuk
- Departament of Biotechnology and Innovation, Anhanguera University of São Paulo, UNIAN/SP, São Paulo 04119-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Elvis Terci Valera
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - María Sol Brassesco
- Departament of Biotechnology and Innovation, Anhanguera University of São Paulo, UNIAN/SP, São Paulo 04119-001, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-9144; Fax: +55-16-3315-4886
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12
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Jones JK, Zhang H, Lyne AM, Cavalli FMG, Hassen WE, Stevenson K, Kornahrens R, Yang Y, Li S, Dell S, Reitman ZJ, Herndon JE, Hoj J, Pendergast AM, Thompson EM. ABL1 and ABL2 promote medulloblastoma leptomeningeal dissemination. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad095. [PMID: 37781087 PMCID: PMC10540884 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, and leptomeningeal dissemination (LMD) of medulloblastoma both portends a poorer prognosis at diagnosis and is incurable at recurrence. The biological mechanisms underlying LMD are unclear. The Abelson (ABL) tyrosine kinase family members, ABL1 and ABL2, have been implicated in cancer cell migration, invasion, adhesion, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance, and are upstream mediators of the oncogene c-MYC in fibroblasts and lung cancer cells. However, their role in medulloblastoma has not yet been explored. The purpose of this work was to elucidate the role of ABL1/2 in medulloblastoma LMD. Methods ABL1 and ABL2 mRNA expression of patient specimens was analyzed. shRNA knockdowns of ABL1/2 and pharmacologic inhibition of ABL1/2 were used for in vitro and in vivo analyses of medulloblastoma LMD. RNA sequencing of ABL1/2 genetic knockdown versus scrambled control medulloblastoma was completed. Results ABL1/2 mRNA is highly expressed in human medulloblastoma and pharmacologic inhibition of ABL kinases resulted in cytotoxicity. Knockdown of ABL1/2 resulted in decreased adhesion of medulloblastoma cells to the extracellular matrix protein, vitronectin (P = .0013), and significantly decreased tumor burden in a mouse model of medulloblastoma LMD with improved overall survival (P = .0044). Furthermore, both pharmacologic inhibition of ABL1/2 and ABL1/2 knockdown resulted in decreased expression of c-MYC, identifying a putative signaling pathway, and genes/pathways related to oncogenesis and neurodevelopment were differentially expressed between ABL1/2 knockdown and control medulloblastoma cells. Conclusions ABL1 and ABL2 have potential roles in medulloblastoma LMD upstream of c-MYC expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill K Jones
- Harvard/MIT MD-PhD Program, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hengshan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Lyne
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- Inserm, U900, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTech, CBI – Centre for Computational Biology, PL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Florence M G Cavalli
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- Inserm, U900, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTech, CBI – Centre for Computational Biology, PL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Wafa E Hassen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kevin Stevenson
- Duke University Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Reb Kornahrens
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yuanfan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sean Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Samuel Dell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Duke Cancer Institute
| | - Zachary J Reitman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - James E Herndon
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jacob Hoj
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Eric M Thompson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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13
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Zeng F, Peng Y, Qin Y, Wang J, Jiang G, Feng W, Yuan Y. Wee1 promotes cell proliferation and imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia via regulating DNA damage repair dependent on ATM-γH2AX-MDC1. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:199. [PMID: 36575478 PMCID: PMC9793686 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01021-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is facing the dilemma of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) resistance and disease recurrence. The dysfunctional DNA damage repair mechanism plays an essential role not only in the initiation and progression of hematological malignancies but also links to the development of TKI resistance. Deciphering the abnormally regulated DNA damage repair and proteins involved brings new insights into the therapy of leukemias. As a G2/M phase checkpoint kinase and a DNA damage repair checkpoint kinase engaged in the DNA damage response (DDR), along with an oncogenic driver present in various cancers, the particular involvement of Wee1 in DNA damage is far from clear. Deciphering its function and targeting it via modulating DNA repair pathways is important for improving our understanding of cancer treatment. METHODS Wee1 expression was assessed in cell lines using RT-qPCR and western blot, and Wee1 knockdown efficacy was validated using RT-qPCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence. Wee1 function was investigated by CCK-8, colony formation, and flow cytometry assay in vitro. Wee1 role in DNA repair and its interactions with other proteins were then studied using western blot, immunofluorescence, and double plasmid-repair studies. Finally, the CCK-8 and flow cytometry assay was utilized to investigate Wee1 and imatinib's synergistic effect, and a CML mouse model was constructed to study Wee1's role in carcinogenesis in vivo. RESULTS Wee1 was reported to respond quickly to DDR in an ATM-γH2AX-MDC1-dependent way upon DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) occurrence, and it regulated homologous recombination by stimulating the recruitment of critical proteins RAD51/BRCA1 upon DSB sites. Wee1 was also revealed to be abnormally upregulated in CML cells. Further suppression of Wee1 not only causes cell cycle arrest and inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells but also enhances CML cell sensitivity to Imatinib in vitro and in vivo, possibly through an excessive accumulation of overall DSBs. CONCLUSION Wee1 is extensively involved in the DRR signaling and DSB repair pathway. Inhibiting abnormally elevated Wee1 benefits CML therapy in both IM-resistant and IM-sensitive cells. Our data demonstrated that Wee1 participated in promoting cell proliferation and imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia via regulating DNA damage repair dependent on ATM-γH2AX-MDC1. In the fight against CML, Wee1's dysregulation in the DNA damage repair mechanism of CML pathogenesis makes it a viable therapeutic target in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanting Zeng
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Department of Clinical Hematology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated By Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yuhang Peng
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Department of Clinical Hematology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated By Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Yuefeng Qin
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Department of Clinical Hematology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated By Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Jianming Wang
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Department of Clinical Hematology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated By Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Guoyun Jiang
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Department of Clinical Hematology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated By Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Wenli Feng
- grid.203458.80000 0000 8653 0555Department of Clinical Hematology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated By Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016 China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Diaz-Gil D, Carreon CK, Silva-Gomez N, Benheim AE, Emani SM, del Nido PJ, Marx GR, Friehs I. Case report: Active clinical manifestation of endocardial fibroelastosis in adolescence in a patient with mitral and aortic obstruction–histologic presence of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transformation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1041039. [DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1041039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first description of active clinical manifestation of endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE) and remodeling of the endocardium via endothelial-to-mesenchymal transformation (EndMT) in an adolescent with Shone’s variant hypoplastic left heart complex (HLHC) and a genetic heterozygous ABL1 variant. While EFE has not been typically associated HLHC or Shone’s syndrome, in this patient flow alterations in the left ventricle (LV), combined with genetic alterations of intrinsic EndMT pathways led to active clinical manifestation of EFE in adolescence. This case emphasizes that new therapies for EFE might need to focus on molecular factors influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli of EndMT.
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Bozkurt Bulakcı B, Daglar Aday A, Gurtekin B, Yavuz AS, Ozturk S, Cefle K, Palanduz A, Palanduz S. OCT-1 Expression in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Comparative Analysis with Respect to Response to Imatinib Treatment. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2022; 38:668-674. [PMID: 36258734 PMCID: PMC9569262 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-022-01532-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) has resulted in a significant improvement in the treatment of CML patients. However, some CML patients are resistant to imatinib therapy, the initial TKI therapy in the CML. Therefore, it is important to find prognostic markers for resistance. The OCT-1 gene involved in imatinib uptake is also suspected to cause imatinib resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of OCT-1 in imatinib resistance by comparing OCT-1 expression levels in imatinib resistant and imatinib sensitive patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). This study was conducted on 101 patients with CML [imatinib sensitive (n = 51) and imatinib resistant (n = 50)] who were treated with imatinib. Gene expression analysis was done using QRT-PCR. The relative expression levels of OCT-1 were calculated using 2(-ΔΔCT) method. OCT1 mRNA expression levels were 0.149 (0.011-2.532) and 0.119 (0.008-2.868) in imatinib-sensitive group and imatinib-resistant group, respectively. OCT-1 expression levels were not significantly different in the imatinib-sensitive group when compared to imatinib resistant group (p > 0.05). OCT-1 expression was also similar in BCR-ABL1 kinase domain mutation positive and negative cases (p > 0.05). The imatinib-resistant group had a higher rate of hydroxyurea or interferon-alpha treatment prior to imatinib therapy and a lower rate for first-line imatinib as the only treatment than the imatinib-sensitive group (p = 0.002 and p = 0.002, respectively). According to the results of our study, OCT-1 does not have a biomarker feature in the evaluation of imatinib response. In addition, the study should be performed in larger patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Bozkurt Bulakcı
- Department of Family Medicine, Cemil Tascıoglu City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aynur Daglar Aday
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Basak Gurtekin
- Department of Biostatistics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Akif Selim Yavuz
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sukru Ozturk
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kivanc Cefle
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Palanduz
- Department of Family Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sukru Palanduz
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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16
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Targeting MDC1 promotes apoptosis and sensitizes Imatinib resistance in CML cells by mainly disrupting non-homologous end-joining repair. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:226. [PMID: 36175703 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01821-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The first-line drug Imatinib (IM) has achieved a curative effect in most chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients, but drug resistance remains a problem. More alternative therapeutic strategies need to explore. In recent years, targeting dysregulated DNA repair mechanisms provided promising options for cancer treatment. Here, we discovered the versatile Mediator of DNA Damage Checkpoint 1 (MDC1) interacted with γ-H2AX and 53BP1 in the early stage of the DNA damage response of cells. MDC1 overexpressed in CML cell lines and patients' bone marrow mononuclear cells. By knocking down MDC1, non-homologous end-joining pathways were mainly inhibited, leading to an intense accumulation of unrepaired intracellular DNA damage and an apparent cell apoptosis promotion. Notably, targeting MDC1 further enhanced drug sensitivity in IM-resistant CML cells. Our work revealed that MDC1 is a prospective target for CML treatment through regulating DNA damage repair mechanism, and also an alternative option for IM resistance dilemma. This study extends the understanding of regulating dysfunctional DNA repair mechanisms for cancer treatment.
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17
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de Oliveira FM, Jamur VR, Merfort LW, Pozzo AR, Mai S. Three-dimensional nuclear telomere architecture and differential expression of aurora kinase genes in chronic myeloid leukemia to measure cell transformation. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1024. [PMID: 36175852 PMCID: PMC9520804 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Telomere dysfunction results in aneuploidy, and ongoing chromosomal abnormalities. The three-dimensional (3D) nuclear organization of telomeres allows for a distinction between normal and tumor cells. On the other hand, aurora kinase genes (AURKA and AURKB) play an important role regulating the cell cycle. A correlation between overexpression of aurora kinase genes and clinical aggressiveness has been demonstrated in different types of neoplasias. To better understand cellular and molecular mechanisms of CML evolution, it was examined telomere dysfunction (alterations in the 3D nuclear telomere architecture), and the expression levels of AURKA and AURKB genes in two clinical distinct subgroups of CML samples, from the same patient. Methods Eighteen CML patients, in total, 36 bone marrow samples (18 patients, chronic vs. accelerated/blast phase) were eligible for 3D telomeric investigations. Quantitative 3D imaging, cytologic diagnosis and cytogenetic determination of additional chromosomal abnormalities were assessed according to standard protocols. Results Using TeloView software, two CML subgroups were defined based on their 3D telomeric profiles, reflecting the different stages of the disease (chronic vs. accelerated/blast phase). Statistical analyses showed significant differences between the CML subgroups (p < 0.001). We also found that AURKA and AURKB mRNA were expressed at significantly higher levels in both CML subgroups, when compared with healthy donors. Our findings suggest that the evolution of CML progresses from a low to a high level of telomere dysfunction, that is, from an early stage to a more aggressive stage, followed by disease transformation, as demonstrated by telomere, additional chromosomal abnormalities, and gene expression profile dynamics. Conclusions Thus, we demonstrated that 3D telomere organization, in accordance with the genomic instability observed in CML samples were able to distinguish subgroup CML patients. Classifying CML patients based on these characteristics might represent an important strategy to define better therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Morato de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Câmpus Jatobá - Cidade Universitária, Federal University of Jataí, BR 364, km 195, n° 3800, Jataí, CEP 75801-615, Brazil.
| | - Valderez Ravaglio Jamur
- Complexo Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, 80060-240, Brazil
| | - Lismeri Wuicik Merfort
- Complexo Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, 80060-240, Brazil
| | - Aline Rangel Pozzo
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology CancerCare Manitoba, The Genomic Centre for Cancer Research and Diagnosis, The University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Sabine Mai
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology CancerCare Manitoba, The Genomic Centre for Cancer Research and Diagnosis, The University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0V9, Canada.
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Medina EA, Delma CR, Yang FC. ASXL1/2 mutations and myeloid malignancies. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:127. [PMID: 36068610 PMCID: PMC9450349 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01336-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid malignancies develop through the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations that dysregulate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal, stimulate HSC proliferation and result in differentiation defects. The polycomb group (PcG) and trithorax group (TrxG) of epigenetic regulators act antagonistically to regulate the expression of genes key to stem cell functions. The genes encoding these proteins, and the proteins that interact with them or affect their occupancy at chromatin, are frequently mutated in myeloid malignancies. PcG and TrxG proteins are regulated by Enhancers of Trithorax and Polycomb (ETP) proteins. ASXL1 and ASXL2 are ETP proteins that assemble chromatin modification complexes and transcription factors. ASXL1 mutations frequently occur in myeloid malignancies and are associated with a poor prognosis, whereas ASXL2 mutations frequently occur in AML with t(8;21)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and less frequently in other subtypes of myeloid malignancies. Herein, we review the role of ASXL1 and ASXL2 in normal and malignant hematopoiesis by summarizing the findings of mouse model systems and discussing their underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward A Medina
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA.
| | - Caroline R Delma
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Feng-Chun Yang
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
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Wang J, Liang Y, Qin Y, Jiang G, Peng Y, Feng W. circCRKL, a circRNA derived from CRKL, regulates BCR-ABL via sponging miR-877-5p to promote chronic myeloid leukemia cell proliferation. J Transl Med 2022; 20:395. [PMID: 36058922 PMCID: PMC9440867 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03586-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The BCR-ABL fusion protein is the key factor that results in the occurrence of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Imatinib (IM) is a targeted inhibitor of BCR-ABL to achieve complete remission. However, remission failure occurs due to acquired resistance caused by secondary BCR-ABL mutations, underlining the need for novel BCR-ABL-targeting strategies. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) derived from tumor-related genes have been revealed as possible therapeutic targets for relevant cancers in recent investigations. In CML, the roles of this kind of circRNA are yet obscure. Methods Firstly, RT-qPCR was used for determining circCRKL expression level in cell lines and clinical samples, RNase R and Actinomycin D were employed to verify the stability of circCRKL. Then shRNAs were designed to specifically knockdown circCRKL. The function of circCRKL in vitro was investigated using CCK-8, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry, while a CML mouse model was constructed to explore the function in vivo. Finally, a dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, and rescue experiments were conducted to investigate the mechanism of circCRKL functioning. Results Here, we determined circCRKL, which derives from CML-relevant gene CRKL, is over-expressed in BCR-ABL+ cells. Then we noticed knocking down circCRKL using shRNA lentivirus dampens the proliferation of BCR-ABL+ cells both in vitro and in vivo, and augments susceptibility of resistant cells to IM. Intriguingly, we observed that circCRKL has a considerable impact on the expression level of BCR-ABL. Mechanistically, circCRKL could behave like a decoy for miR-877-5p to enhance the BCR-ABL level, allowing BCR-ABL+ cells to maintain viability. Conclusions Overall, the current study uncovers that circCRKL is specifically expressed and regulates BCR-ABL expression level via decoying miR-877-5p in BCR-ABL+ cells, highlighting that targeting circCRKL along with imatinib treatment could be utilized as a potential therapeutic strategy for CML patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03586-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Wang
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liang
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuefeng Qin
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyun Jiang
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhang Peng
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Feng
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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Khodakarami A, Adibfar S, Karpisheh V, Abolhasani S, Jalali P, Mohammadi H, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. The molecular biology and therapeutic potential of Nrf2 in leukemia. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:241. [PMID: 35906617 PMCID: PMC9336077 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02660-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor has contradictory roles in cancer, which can act as a tumor suppressor or a proto-oncogene in different cell conditions (depending on the cell type and the conditions of the cell environment). Nrf2 pathway regulates several cellular processes, including signaling, energy metabolism, autophagy, inflammation, redox homeostasis, and antioxidant regulation. As a result, it plays a crucial role in cell survival. Conversely, Nrf2 protects cancerous cells from apoptosis and increases proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. It promotes resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in various solid tumors and hematological malignancies, so we want to elucidate the role of Nrf2 in cancer and the positive point of its targeting. Also, in the past few years, many studies have shown that Nrf2 protects cancer cells, especially leukemic cells, from the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. The present paper summarizes these studies to scrutinize whether targeting Nrf2 combined with chemotherapy would be a therapeutic approach for leukemia treatment. Also, we discussed how Nrf2 and NF-κB work together to control the cellular redox pathway. The role of these two factors in inflammation (antagonistic) and leukemia (synergistic) is also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Khodakarami
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Adibfar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Vahid Karpisheh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shiva Abolhasani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pooya Jalali
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Bioclinicum, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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21
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Chakravarty D, Johnson A, Sklar J, Lindeman NI, Moore K, Ganesan S, Lovly CM, Perlmutter J, Gray SW, Hwang J, Lieu C, André F, Azad N, Borad M, Tafe L, Messersmith H, Robson M, Meric-Bernstam F. Somatic Genomic Testing in Patients With Metastatic or Advanced Cancer: ASCO Provisional Clinical Opinion. J Clin Oncol 2022; 40:1231-1258. [PMID: 35175857 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.02767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE An ASCO provisional clinical opinion offers timely clinical direction to ASCO's membership following publication or presentation of potentially practice-changing data from major studies. This provisional clinical opinion addresses the appropriate use of tumor genomic testing in patients with metastatic or advanced solid tumors. CLINICAL CONTEXT An increasing number of therapies are approved to treat cancers harboring specific genomic biomarkers. However, there is a lack of clarity as to when tumor genomic sequencing should be ordered, what type of assays should be performed, and how to interpret the results for treatment selection. PROVISIONAL CLINICAL OPINION Patients with metastatic or advanced cancer should undergo genomic sequencing in a certified laboratory if the presence of one or more specific genomic alterations has regulatory approval as biomarkers to guide the use of or exclusion from certain treatments for their disease. Multigene panel-based assays should be used if more than one biomarker-linked therapy is approved for the patient's disease. Site-agnostic approvals for any cancer with a high tumor mutation burden, mismatch repair deficiency, or neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) fusions provide a rationale for genomic testing for all solid tumors. Multigene testing may also assist in treatment selection by identifying additional targets when there are few or no genotype-based therapy approvals for the patient's disease. For treatment planning, the clinician should consider the functional impact of the targeted alteration and expected efficacy of genomic biomarker-linked options relative to other approved or investigational treatments.Additional information is available at www.asco.org/assays-and-predictive-markers-guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Neal I Lindeman
- Brigham and Womens' Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fabrice André
- PRISM, Precision Medicine Center, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | - Laura Tafe
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Darmouth, NH
| | | | - Mark Robson
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY
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22
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Radich JP. Another Philadelphia story. Haematologica 2022; 107:566-567. [PMID: 35229572 PMCID: PMC8883567 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.280581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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23
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Targeting BCR-Abl in the treatment of Philadelphia-chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia. Pharmacol Res 2022; 178:106156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Hwang WL, Chen TC, Lin HY, Chang MC, Hsiao PC, Bai LY, Kuo CY, Chen YC, Liu TC, Gau JP, Wang PN, Hwang WS, Kuo MC, Liu CY, Liu YC, Ma MC, Su NW, Wang CC, Wu YY, Yao M, Yeh SP, Cheng HW, Lee YM, Ku FC, Tang JL. NOVEL-1st: an observational study to assess the safety and efficacy of nilotinib in newly diagnosed patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase in Taiwan. Int J Hematol 2022; 115:704-712. [PMID: 35212915 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-022-03311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nilotinib has been approved for the treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (Ph+ CML-CP). However, the real-world evidence of nilotinib in newly diagnosed untreated Ph+ CML-CP is limited in Taiwan. The NOVEL-1st study was a non-interventional, multi-center study collecting long-term safety and effectiveness data in patients with newly diagnosed and untreated Ph+ CML-CP receiving nilotinib. We enrolled 129 patients from 11 hospitals. Overall, 1,466 adverse events (AEs) were reported; among these, 151 were serious and 524 were nilotinib-related. Common hematological AEs were thrombocytopenia (31.0%), anemia (20.9%), and leukopenia (14.0%); common nilotinib-related AEs were thrombocytopenia (29.5%), anemia (14.7%), and leukopenia (12.4%). Early molecular response, defined as BCR-ABL ≤ 10% at Month 3, was seen in 87.6% of patients. By 36 months, the cumulative rates of complete hematologic response, complete cytogenetic response, major molecular response, molecular response 4.0-log reduction, and molecular response 4.5-log reduction were 98.5, 92.5, 85.8, 65.0, and 45.0%, respectively. Nilotinib is effective and well-tolerated in patients with newly diagnosed Ph+ CML-CP in the real-world setting. Long-term holistic care and a highly tolerable AE profile may contribute to good treatment outcomes in Ph+ CML-CP under first-line treatment with nilotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Li Hwang
- Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Asia University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | - Li-Yuan Bai
- China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yuan Kuo
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Ta-Chih Liu
- Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Pyng Gau
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Nan Wang
- Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shou Hwang
- Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chun-Yu Liu
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chang Liu
- Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chun Ma
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Wen Su
- Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yi-Ying Wu
- Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming Yao
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Su-Peng Yeh
- China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Jih-Luh Tang
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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25
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Sams EI, Ng JK, Tate V, Claire Hou YC, Cao Y, Antonacci-Fulton L, Belhassan K, Neidich J, Mitra RD, Cole FS, Dickson P, Milbrandt J, Turner TN. From karyotypes to precision genomics in 9p deletion and duplication syndromes. HGG ADVANCES 2022; 3:100081. [PMID: 35047865 PMCID: PMC8756500 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2021.100081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
While 9p deletion and duplication syndromes have been studied for several years, small sample sizes and minimal high-resolution data have limited a comprehensive delineation of genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. In this study, we examined genetic data from 719 individuals in the worldwide 9p Network Cohort: a cohort seven to nine times larger than any previous study of 9p. Most breakpoints occur in bands 9p22 and 9p24, accounting for 35% and 38% of all breakpoints, respectively. Bands 9p11 and 9p12 have the fewest breakpoints, with each accounting for 0.6% of all breakpoints. The most common phenotype in 9p deletion and duplication syndromes is developmental delay, and we identified eight known neurodevelopmental disorder genes in 9p22 and 9p24. Since it has been previously reported that some individuals have a secondary structural variant related to the 9p variant, we examined our cohort for these variants and found 97 events. The top secondary variant involved 9q in 14 individuals (1.9%), including ring chromosomes and inversions. We identified a gender bias with significant enrichment for females (p = 0.0006) that may arise from a sex reversal in some individuals with 9p deletions. Genes on 9p were characterized regarding function, constraint metrics, and protein-protein interactions, resulting in a prioritized set of genes for further study. Finally, we achieved precision genomics in one child with a complex 9p structural variation using modern genomic technologies, demonstrating that long-read sequencing will be integral for some cases. Our study is the largest ever on 9p-related syndromes and provides key insights into genetic factors involved in these syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor I. Sams
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jeffrey K. Ng
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Victoria Tate
- Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ying-Chen Claire Hou
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Khadija Belhassan
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Julie Neidich
- Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Robi D. Mitra
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - F. Sessions Cole
- Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Patricia Dickson
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jeffrey Milbrandt
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Needleman Center for Neurometabolism and Axonal Therapeutics, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tychele N. Turner
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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26
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Egeli DB, Hanfstein B, Lauseker M, Pfirrmann M, Saussele S, Baerlocher GM, Müller MC. SOCS-2 gene expression at diagnosis does not predict for outcome of chronic myeloid leukemia patients on imatinib treatment. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 63:955-962. [PMID: 34872441 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.2010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
SOCS-2 gene expression at diagnosis has been suggested as a predictor of clinical outcome in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). In this study SOCS-2 and GUS expression levels were determined by real-time PCR in pretherapeutic samples at diagnosis. First, three patient groups were compared after assessment at 48 months: optimal molecular responders (n = 35), patients with resistance to imatinib (n = 28), and blast crisis patients (n = 27). A significant difference in SOCS-2 gene expression at diagnosis was observed comparing blast crisis vs. resistant patients (p = 0.042) and optimal responders (p = 0.010). Second, a validation sample of consecutively randomized patients (n = 123) was investigated. No discriminative SOCS-2 gene expression cutoff could be derived to predict molecular or cytogenetic response, progression-free or overall survival. Although SOCS-2 gene was differentially expressed at the time of diagnosis in blast crisis patients when compared to other groups, a prognostic impact in consecutively randomized patients was not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Buket Egeli
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Benjamin Hanfstein
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Lauseker
- Institut für Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Pfirrmann
- Institut für Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Saussele
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gabriela M Baerlocher
- Department of BioMedical Research and Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Department, Inselspital, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin C Müller
- Institute for Hematology and Oncology (IHO GmbH), Mannheim, Germany
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27
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Dermawan JK, Rubin BP. Molecular Pathogenesis of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: A Paradigm for Personalized Medicine. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2021; 17:323-344. [PMID: 34736340 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042220-021510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Over the past three to four decades, the molecular pathogenesis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) has been elucidated in great detail. In this review, we discuss the biological genesis of GISTs, identification of the various primary activating driver mutations (focusing on KIT and PDGFRA), oncogene addiction and targeted therapies with imatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and the subsequent characterization of the various mechanisms of drug resistance. We illustrate how GIST has become a quintessential paradigm for personalized medicine. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease, Volume 17 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine K Dermawan
- Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA; ,
| | - Brian P Rubin
- Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA; ,
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28
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Cui Z, Li B, Zhang Y, He J, Shi X, Wang H, Zhao Y, Yao L, Ai D, Zhang X, Zhu Y. Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Attenuates Bosutinib-Induced Blood Pressure Elevation. Hypertension 2021; 78:1527-1540. [PMID: 34601968 PMCID: PMC8516812 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Endothelial cells play a critical role in maintaining homeostasis of vascular function, and endothelial activation is involved in the initial step of atherogenesis. Previously, we reported that Abl kinase mediates shear stress–induced endothelial activation. Bosutinib, a dual inhibitor of Src and Abl kinases, exerts an atheroprotective effect; however, recent studies have demonstrated an increase in the incidence of side effects associated with bosutinib, including increased arterial blood pressure (BP). To understand the effects of bosutinib on BP regulation and the mechanistic basis for novel treatment strategies against vascular dysfunction, we generated a line of mice conditionally lacking c-Abl in endothelial cells (endothelial cell-AblKO). Knockout mice and their wild-type littermates (Ablf/f) were orally administered a clinical dose of bosutinib, and their BP was monitored. Bosutinib treatment increased BP in both endothelial cell-AblKO and Ablf/f mice. Furthermore, acetylcholine-evoked endothelium-dependent relaxation of the mesenteric arteries was impaired by bosutinib treatment. RNA sequencing of mesenteric arteries revealed that the CYP (cytochrome P450)-dependent metabolic pathway was involved in regulating BP after bosutinib treatment. Additionally, bosutinib treatment led to an upregulation of soluble epoxide hydrolase in the arteries and a lower plasma content of eicosanoid metabolites in the CYP pathway in mice. Treatment with 1-Trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea, a soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, reversed the bosutinib-induced changes to the eicosanoid metabolite profile, endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, and BP. Thus, the present study demonstrates that upregulation of soluble epoxide hydrolase mediates bosutinib-induced elevation of BP, independent of c-Abl. The addition of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor in patients treated with bosutinib may aid in preventing vascular side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Bochuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Jinlong He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Xuelian Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Yinjiao Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Liu Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Ding Ai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
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29
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Hua H, Zhang H, Chen J, Wang J, Liu J, Jiang Y. Targeting Akt in cancer for precision therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:128. [PMID: 34419139 PMCID: PMC8379749 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers-guided precision therapeutics has revolutionized the clinical development and administration of molecular-targeted anticancer agents. Tailored precision cancer therapy exhibits better response rate compared to unselective treatment. Protein kinases have critical roles in cell signaling, metabolism, proliferation, survival and migration. Aberrant activation of protein kinases is critical for tumor growth and progression. Hence, protein kinases are key targets for molecular targeted cancer therapy. The serine/threonine kinase Akt is frequently activated in various types of cancer. Activation of Akt promotes tumor progression and drug resistance. Since the first Akt inhibitor was reported in 2000, many Akt inhibitors have been developed and evaluated in either early or late stage of clinical trials, which take advantage of liquid biopsy and genomic or molecular profiling to realize personalized cancer therapy. Two inhibitors, capivasertib and ipatasertib, are being tested in phase III clinical trials for cancer therapy. Here, we highlight recent progress of Akt signaling pathway, review the up-to-date data from clinical studies of Akt inhibitors and discuss the potential biomarkers that may help personalized treatment of cancer with Akt inhibitors. In addition, we also discuss how Akt may confer the vulnerability of cancer cells to some kinds of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jingzhu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieya Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yangfu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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30
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Abstract
Technological innovation and rapid reduction in sequencing costs have enabled the genomic profiling of hundreds of cancer-associated genes as a component of routine cancer care. Tumour genomic profiling can refine cancer subtype classification, identify which patients are most likely to benefit from systemic therapies and screen for germline variants that influence heritable cancer risk. Here, we discuss ongoing efforts to enhance the clinical utility of tumour genomic profiling by integrating tumour and germline analyses, characterizing allelic context and identifying mutational signatures that influence therapy response. We also discuss the potential clinical utility of more comprehensive whole-genome and whole-transcriptome sequencing and ultra-sensitive cell-free DNA profiling platforms, which allow for minimally invasive, serial analyses of tumour-derived DNA in blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debyani Chakravarty
- Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David B Solit
- Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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31
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Inhibition of AKR1B10-mediated metabolism of daunorubicin as a novel off-target effect for the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 192:114710. [PMID: 34339712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors significantly improved Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukaemia therapy. Apart from Bcr-Abl kinase, imatinib, dasatinib, nilotinib, bosutinib and ponatinib are known to have additional off-target effects that might contribute to their antitumoural activities. In our study, we identified aldo-keto reductase 1B10 (AKR1B10) as a novel target for dasatinib. The enzyme AKR1B10 is upregulated in several cancers and influences the metabolism of chemotherapy drugs, including anthracyclines. AKR1B10 reduces anthracyclines to alcohol metabolites that show less antineoplastic properties and tend to accumulate in cardiac tissue. In our experiments, clinically achievable concentrations of dasatinib selectively inhibited AKR1B10 both in experiments with recombinant enzyme (Ki = 0.6 µM) and in a cellular model (IC50 = 0.5 µM). Subsequently, the ability of dasatinib to attenuate AKR1B10-mediated daunorubicin (Daun) resistance was determined in AKR1B10-overexpressing cells. We have demonstrated that dasatinib can synergize with Daun in human cancer cells and enhance its therapeutic effectiveness. Taken together, our results provide new information on how dasatinib may act beyond targeting Bcr-Abl kinase, which may help to design new chemotherapy regimens, including those with anthracyclines.
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32
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Fenu E, O'Neill SS, Insuasti-Beltran G. BCR-ABL1 p210 screening for chronic myeloid leukemia in patients with peripheral blood cytoses. Int J Lab Hematol 2021; 43:1458-1464. [PMID: 34185393 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) usually presents with leukocytosis with neutrophilia, left shift, and basophilia. Documentation of the BCR-ABL1 fusion is required for diagnosis, and this is often achieved via p210 BCR-ABL1 real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). METHODS Patients undergoing first-time testing for p210 BCR-ABL1 at our institution were retrospectively identified. The medical record was reviewed, and the patient age, sex, clinical indication for testing, and concurrent CBC with differential were identified for 518 patients. BCR-ABL1 p210 testing had been performed using a laboratory-developed quantitative RT-PCR assay. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using an unpaired t test, and P values of <.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Twenty-four patients received a new diagnosis of CML (4.6%). As compared to patients with a negative PCR, these patients were more likely to have a markedly elevated white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophilia, and a mild anemia. Ninety-two percent (22/24) of new CML patients had a WBC ≥20 × 109 /L, and the two new CML patients with WBC <20 × 109 /L had basophilia in the peripheral blood. By contrast, 92% (449/490) of non-CML patients had a WBC <20 × 109 /L. CONCLUSION The peripheral blood parameters of total WBC ≥20 × 109 /L and absolute basophil count can help guide the need for BCR-ABL1 PCR testing, which can lead to more judicious test utilization, decreased healthcare costs, and decreased false positives, while keeping a high sensitivity for CML. This study also underscores the importance of obtaining a complete differential in patients for whom CML is suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fenu
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Stacey S O'Neill
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Fleming MR, Xiao L, Jackson KD, Beckman JA, Barac A, Moslehi JJ. Vascular Impact of Cancer Therapies: The Case of BTK (Bruton Tyrosine Kinase) Inhibitors. Circ Res 2021; 128:1973-1987. [PMID: 34110908 PMCID: PMC10185355 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.318259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Novel targeted cancer therapies have revolutionized oncology therapies, but these treatments can have cardiovascular complications, which include heterogeneous cardiac, metabolic, and vascular sequelae. Vascular side effects have emerged as important considerations in both cancer patients undergoing active treatment and cancer survivors. Here, we provide an overview of vascular effects of cancer therapies, focusing on small-molecule kinase inhibitors and specifically inhibitors of BTK (Bruton tyrosine kinase), which have revolutionized treatment and prognosis for B-cell malignancies. Cardiovascular side effects of BTK inhibitors include atrial fibrillation, increased risk of bleeding, and hypertension, with the former 2 especially providing a treatment challenge for the clinician. Cardiovascular complications of small-molecule kinase inhibitors can occur through either on-target (targeting intended target kinase) or off-target kinase inhibition. We will review these concepts and focus on the case of BTK inhibitors, highlight the emerging data suggesting an off-target effect that may provide insights into development of arrhythmias, specifically atrial fibrillation. We believe that cardiac and vascular sequelae of novel targeted cancer therapies can provide insights into human cardiovascular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Fleming
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.R.F., J.A.B., J.J.M.), Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Ling Xiao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (L.X.)
| | - Klarissa D Jackson
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (K.D.J.)
| | - Joshua A Beckman
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.R.F., J.A.B., J.J.M.), Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Ana Barac
- Georgetown University and MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute, MedStar Washing Hospital Center, DC (A.B.)
| | - Javid J Moslehi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.R.F., J.A.B., J.J.M.), Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.,Cardio-Oncology Program (J.J.M.), Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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34
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Side-effects profile and outcomes of ponatinib in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood Adv 2021; 4:530-538. [PMID: 32045474 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ponatinib is associated with cardiovascular adverse events (CAEs), and its frequency in the real world is limited. In this retrospective study, we examined the survival outcomes and associated toxicities in 78 consecutive ponatinib-treated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) at the Moffitt Cancer Center from January 2011 through December 2017. The most common non-CAE was thrombocytopenia (39.7%), occurring in a dose-dependent fashion. Eighteen patients (23.1%) experienced some form of CAE, with the most common being arrhythmia (9%) and hypertension (7.7%), whereas 3 patients experienced myocardial infarction (3.8%). Before 2014, most patients were started on ponatinib 45 mg daily. There was an inverse correlation between cardio-oncology referral and the number of CAEs (P = .0440); however, a lower ponatinib starting dose, more frequent dose reduction, and increased cardio-oncology referral all were likely to have contributed to the observed decrease in CAEs after 2014. The response rate and 5-year overall survival (OS) were higher than those observed in the Ponatinib Ph+ ALL and CML Evaluation (PACE) trial (major molecular response, 58.7% vs 40% and OS, 76% vs 73%; median follow-up of 32.5 months). Ponatinib-treated patients with chronic phase-CML did not show a significant improvement with allogeneic stem cell transplantation, whereas those with accelerated phase/blast phase-CML had a much better outcome (median OS of 32.9 months vs 9.2 months; P = .01). These results demonstrate that ponatinib is highly effective. Dose adjustments and increased awareness of the cardiotoxicities associated with ponatinib may help maximize its benefits.
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Yamada M, Suzuki H, Watanabe A, Uehara T, Takenouchi T, Mizuno S, Kosaki K. Role of chimeric transcript formation in the pathogenesis of birth defects. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2021; 61:76-81. [PMID: 33118233 DOI: 10.1111/cga.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric transcripts are formed by chromosomal aberrations. Little is known about the role of chimeric transcripts in the pathogenesis of birth defects. We reanalyzed RNA-seq data in alignment map files from the peripheral blood of 56 patients in whom the diagnoses could not be confirmed by standard exome analysis and transcriptome analysis to screen for chimeric transcripts using a dedicated software, ChimPipe. Chimeric analysis led to a diagnosis in two of the 56 patients: (a) the first patient had a chimeric transcript spanning the causative gene ZEB2 and the GTDC1 gene in its neighboring locus. RNA-seq revealed reads spanning exon 5 of ZEB2 and exon 7 of GTDC1. Whole genome sequencing revealed a 436-kb deletion spanning intron 4 of ZEB2 and intron 7 of GTDC1 and the diagnosis of Mowat-Wilson syndrome was made. (b) The second patient had a chimeric transcript spanning the causative gene KCNK9 and the TRAPPC9 gene in its neighboring locus. RNA-seq revealed reads spanning exon 21 of TRAPPC9 and exon 1 of KCNK9. Whole genome sequencing revealed a 186-kb deletion spanning intron 20 of TRAPPC9 and intron 1 of KCNK9 in this patient. KCNK9 gene is a maternally expressed imprinted gene. The diagnosis of Birk-Barel syndrome was made. Thus, both patients had chimeric transcripts that were directly involved in the pathogenesis of the birth defects. The approach reported herein, of detecting chimeric transcripts from RNA-seq data, is unique in that the approach does not rely on any prior information on the presence of genomic deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamiko Yamada
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisato Suzuki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoko Uehara
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takenouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Mizuno
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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36
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Mendoza FA, Piera-Velazquez S, Jimenez SA. Tyrosine kinases in the pathogenesis of tissue fibrosis in systemic sclerosis and potential therapeutic role of their inhibition. Transl Res 2021; 231:139-158. [PMID: 33422651 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an idiopathic autoimmune disease with a heterogeneous clinical phenotype ranging from limited cutaneous involvement to rapidly progressive diffuse SSc. The most severe SSc clinical and pathologic manifestations result from an uncontrolled fibrotic process involving the skin and various internal organs. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the initiation and progression of the SSc fibrotic process have not been fully elucidated. Recently it has been suggested that tyrosine protein kinases play a role. The implicated kinases include receptor-activated tyrosine kinases and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases. The receptor kinases are activated following specific binding of growth factors (platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, or vascular endothelial growth factor). Other receptor kinases are the discoidin domain receptors activated by binding of various collagens, the ephrin receptors that are activated by ephrins and the angiopoetin-Tie-2s receptors. The nonreceptor tyrosine kinases c-Abl, Src, Janus, and STATs have also been shown to participate in SSc-associated tissue fibrosis. Currently, there are no effective disease-modifying therapies for SSc-associated tissue fibrosis. Therefore, extensive investigation has been conducted to examine whether tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may exert antifibrotic effects. Here, we review the role of receptor and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases in the pathogenesis of the frequently progressive cutaneous and systemic fibrotic alterations in SSc, and the potential of TKIs as SSc disease-modifying antifibrotic therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian A Mendoza
- Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Scleroderma Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sonsoles Piera-Velazquez
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Scleroderma Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sergio A Jimenez
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Scleroderma Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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37
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Westermann J, Bullinger L. Precision medicine in myeloid malignancies. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 84:153-169. [PMID: 33895273 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid malignancies have always been at the forefront of an improved understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of cancer. In accordance, over the last years, basic research focusing on the aberrations underlying malignant transformation of myeloid cells has provided the basis for precision medicine approaches and subsequently has led to the development of powerful therapeutic strategies. In this review article, we will recapitulate what has happened since in the 1980s the use of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), as a first targeted cancer therapy, has changed one of the deadliest leukemia subtypes, acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), into one that can be cured without classical chemotherapy today. Similarly, imatinib, the first molecularly designed cancer therapy, has revolutionized the management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Thus, targeted treatment approaches have become the paradigm for myeloid malignancy, but many questions still remain unanswered, especially how identical mutations can be associated with different phenotypes. This might be linked to the impact of the cell of origin, gene-gene interactions, or the tumor microenvironment including the immune system. Continuous research in the field of myeloid neoplasia has started to unravel the molecular pathways that are not only crucial for initial treatment response, but also resistance of leukemia cells under therapy. Ongoing studies focusing on leukemia cell vulnerabilities do already point to novel (targetable) "Achilles heels" that can further improve myeloid cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Westermann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Clinic, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Lars Bullinger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Clinic, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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38
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Blakes AJM, Gaul E, Lam W, Shannon N, Knapp KM, Bicknell LS, Jackson MR, Wade EM, Robertson S, White SM, Heller R, Chase A, Baralle D, Douglas AGL. Pathogenic variants causing ABL1 malformation syndrome cluster in a myristoyl-binding pocket and increase tyrosine kinase activity. Eur J Hum Genet 2021; 29:593-603. [PMID: 33223528 PMCID: PMC8115115 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-020-00766-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
ABL1 is a proto-oncogene encoding a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, best known in the somatic BCR-ABL fusion gene associated with chronic myeloid leukaemia. Recently, germline missense variants in ABL1 have been found to cause an autosomal dominant developmental syndrome with congenital heart disease, skeletal malformations and characteristic facies. Here, we describe a series of six new unrelated individuals with heterozygous missense variants in ABL1 (including four novel variants) identified via whole exome sequencing. All the affected individuals in this series recapitulate the phenotype of the ABL1 developmental syndrome and additionally we affirm that hearing impairment is a common feature of the condition. Four of the variants cluster in the myristoyl-binding pocket of ABL1, a region critical for auto-inhibitory regulation of the kinase domain. Bio-informatic analysis of transcript-wide conservation and germline/somatic variation reveals that this pocket region is subject to high missense constraint and evolutionary conservation. Functional work to investigate ABL1 kinase activity in vitro by transient transfection of HEK293T cells with variant ABL1 plasmid constructs revealed increased phosphorylation of ABL1-specific substrates compared to wild-type. The increased tyrosine kinase activity was suppressed by imatinib treatment. This case series of six new patients with germline heterozygous ABL1 missense variants further delineates the phenotypic spectrum of this condition and recognises microcephaly as a common finding. Our analysis supports an ABL1 gain-of-function mechanism due to loss of auto-inhibition, and demonstrates the potential for pharmacological inhibition using imatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J M Blakes
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Emily Gaul
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Wayne Lam
- South East of Scotland Clinical Genetics Service, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nora Shannon
- Clinical Genetics Service, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, UK
| | - Karen M Knapp
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Louise S Bicknell
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Meremaihi R Jackson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Emma M Wade
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Stephen Robertson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Susan M White
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Raoul Heller
- Genetic Health Service NZ - Northern Hub, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Chase
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Diana Baralle
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Andrew G L Douglas
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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39
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Wang Y, Wang X, Huang X, Zhang J, Hu J, Qi Y, Xiang B, Wang Q. Integrated Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis reveals key genes for predicting dual-phenotype Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis. J Cancer 2021; 12:2993-3010. [PMID: 33854600 PMCID: PMC8040886 DOI: 10.7150/jca.56005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual-phenotype hepatocellular carcinoma (DPHCC) expresses both hepatocyte and cholangiocyte markers, and is characterized by high recurrence and low survival rates. The underlying molecular mechanisms of DPHCC pathogenesis are unclear. We performed whole exome sequencing and RNA sequencing of three subtypes of HCC (10 DPHCC, 10 CK19-positive HCC, and 14 CK19-negative HCC), followed by integrated bioinformatics analysis, including somatic mutation analysis, mutation signal analysis, differential gene expression analysis, and pathway enrichment analysis. Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were applied for exploring survival related characteristics. We found that mutated genes in DPHCC patients were associated with carcinogenesis and immunity, and the up-regulated genes were mainly enriched in transcription-related and cancer-related pathways, and the down-regulated genes were mainly enriched in immune-related pathways. CXCL9 was selected as the hub gene, which is associated with immune cells and survival prognosis. Our results showed that low CXCL9 expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis, and its expression was significantly reduced in DPHCC samples. In conclusion, we explored the molecular mechanisms governing DPHCC development and progression and identified CXCL9, which influences the immune microenvironment and prognosis of DPHCC and might be new clinically significant biomarkers for predicting prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaobang Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory. First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiaoliang Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Junwen Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yapeng Qi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Bangde Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qiuyan Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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40
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Zhang W, Kuang P, Liu T. Role of BCR-ABL1 isoforms on the prognosis of Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor era: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243657. [PMID: 33338050 PMCID: PMC7748129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BCR-ABL1 fusion gene is the driver mutation of Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL). Although the prognostic value of BCR-ABL1 isoforms in Ph+ ALL patients has been investigated in numerous studies in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) era, the results were still conflicting. Hence we performed herein the meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the impact of BCR-ABL1 isoforms on the clinical outcomes of Ph+ ALL patients. Systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases with the data access date up to June 15, 2020. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with fixed-effects or random-effects models. Furthermore, subgroup analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the associations. Nine studies with a total number of 1582 patients were eligible for this meta-analysis. Combined HRs suggested that p210 was slightly associated with inferior event-free survival (EFS) (HR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.05–1.72). The overall survival (OS) was not significantly affected (HR = 1.15, 95% CI 0.92–1.45). In subgroup analyses, the HRs showed a trend toward adverse impact of p210 on clinical outcomes. However, the confidence intervals were not crossing the null value only in a minority of subgroups including Caucasian studies, first-generation TKI treated cohort and transplant cohort. Our findings suggested that p210 might pose a mild adverse impact on the EFS of Ph+ ALL patients. This effect might be compromised by the use of second- or third-generation TKIs. Further studies are needed to verify our conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanhua Zhang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Pu Kuang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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41
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Wahjudi LW, Bernhardt S, Abnaof K, Horak P, Kreutzfeldt S, Heining C, Borgoni S, Becki C, Berg D, Richter D, Hutter B, Uhrig S, Pfütze K, Leichsenring J, Glimm H, Brors B, von Kalle C, Stenzinger A, Korf U, Fröhling S, Wiemann S. Integrating proteomics into precision oncology. Int J Cancer 2020; 148:1438-1451. [PMID: 32949162 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
DNA sequencing and RNA sequencing are increasingly applied in precision oncology, where molecular tumor boards evaluate the actionability of genetic events in individual tumors to guide targeted treatment. To work toward an additional level of patient characterization, we assessed the abundance and activity of 27 proteins in 134 patients whose tumors had previously undergone whole-exome and RNA sequencing within the Molecularly Aided Stratification for Tumor Eradication Research (MASTER) program of National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg. Proteomic and phosphoproteomic targets were selected to reflect the most relevant therapeutic baskets in MASTER. Among six different therapeutic baskets, the proteomic data supported treatment recommendations that were based on DNA and RNA analyses in 10% to 57% and frequently suggested alternative treatment options. In several cases, protein activities explained the patients' clinical course and provided potential explanations for treatment failure. Our study indicates that the integrative analysis of DNA, RNA and protein data may refine therapeutic stratification of individual patients and, thus, holds potential to increase the success rate of precision cancer therapy. Prospective validation studies are needed to advance the integration of proteomic analysis into precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie W Wahjudi
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Bernhardt
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Khalid Abnaof
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Horak
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simon Kreutzfeldt
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Heining
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany.,Center for Personalized Oncology, National Center for Tumour Diseases (NCT) Dresden and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden at TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Simone Borgoni
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Corinna Becki
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Berg
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Richter
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
| | - Barbara Hutter
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Uhrig
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katrin Pfütze
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Hanno Glimm
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany.,Center for Personalized Oncology, National Center for Tumour Diseases (NCT) Dresden and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden at TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Benedikt Brors
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof von Kalle
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Functional Cancer Genomics, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Albrecht Stenzinger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Korf
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Fröhling
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
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42
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Zeng P, Schmaier A. Ponatinib and other CML Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Thrombosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186556. [PMID: 32911643 PMCID: PMC7555546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abl1 kinase has important biological roles. The Bcr-Abl1 fusion protein creates undesired kinase activity and is pathogenic in 95% of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and 30% of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. Targeted therapies to these diseases are tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The extent of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor’s targets determines the degree of biologic effects of the agent that may influence the well-being of the patient. This fact is especially true with tyrosine kinase inhibitor effects on the cardiovascular system. Thirty-one percent of ponatinib-treated patients, the tyrosine kinase inhibitor with the broadest inhibitory spectrum, have thrombosis associated with its use. Recent experimental investigations have indicated the mechanisms of ponatinib-associated thrombosis. Further, an antidote to ponatinib is in development by re-purposing an FDA-approved medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Alvin Schmaier
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-216-368-0796; Fax: +1-216-368-3014
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43
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Delihas N. Genesis of Non-Coding RNA Genes in Human Chromosome 22-A Sequence Connection with Protein Genes Separated by Evolutionary Time. Noncoding RNA 2020; 6:E36. [PMID: 32899105 PMCID: PMC7549372 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna6030036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A small phylogenetically conserved sequence of 11,231 bp, termed FAM247, is repeated in human chromosome 22 by segmental duplications. This sequence forms part of diverse genes that span evolutionary time, the protein genes being the earliest as they are present in zebrafish and/or mice genomes, and the long noncoding RNA genes and pseudogenes the most recent as they appear to be present only in the human genome. We propose that the conserved sequence provides a nucleation site for new gene development at evolutionarily conserved chromosomal loci where the FAM247 sequences reside. The FAM247 sequence also carries information in its open reading frames that provides protein exon amino acid sequences; one exon plays an integral role in immune system regulation, specifically, the function of ubiquitin-specific protease (USP18) in the regulation of interferon. An analysis of this multifaceted sequence and the genesis of genes that contain it is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Delihas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794-5222, USA
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44
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Selective and sensitive detection of chronic myeloid leukemia using fluorogenic DNAzyme probes. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1123:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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45
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Kuang Y, Han X, Cao P, Xiong D, Peng Y, Liu Z, Xu Z, Liang L, Roy M, Liu J, Nie L, Zhang J. p19 INK4d inhibits proliferation and enhances imatinib efficacy through BCR-ABL signaling pathway in chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2020; 85:102477. [PMID: 32711219 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2020.102477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a kind of myeloproliferative disorder caused by a constitutively active BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), imatinib and its derivatives, have achieved great progress in the treatment of CML. However, many CML patients do not respond to TKIs alone. p19INK4d, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, plays important roles in proliferation, DNA damage repair, apoptosis and cell differentiation, but its role in CML is unknown. Herein, we found that the expression of p19INK4d in CML patients was significantly lower than that in healthy controls. p19INK4d overexpression inhibits cell proliferation through cell cycle arrest, and cooperates with imatinib to inhibit CML more effectively in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, p19INK4d decreased the expression of BCR-ABL and its downstream molecules p-Mek1/2, moreover, the expression of Gli-1, c-myc, MUC1, Shh and TC48 also reduced significantly. Collectively, p19INK4d inhibits proliferation and enhances imatinib efficacy in the treatment of CML. These findings maybe have implications for developing potential targets to increase imatinib sensitivity for CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijin Kuang
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xu Han
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Pengfei Cao
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Dehui Xiong
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Yuanliang Peng
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Zhaoping Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang 421000, China
| | - Zhenru Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang 421000, China
| | - Long Liang
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Mridul Roy
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Erythropoiesis Research Center, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ling Nie
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of South China University, Hengyang 421000, China.
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Chen CA, Crutcher E, Gill H, Nelson TN, Robak LA, Jongmans MCJ, Pfundt R, Prasad C, Berard RA, Fannemel M, Frengen E, Misceo D, Ramsey K, Yang Y, Schaaf CP, Wang X. The expanding clinical phenotype of germline ABL1-associated congenital heart defects and skeletal malformations syndrome. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:1738-1744. [PMID: 32643838 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart defects and skeletal malformations syndrome (CHDSKM) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by congenital heart disease, skeletal abnormalities, and failure to thrive. CHDSKM is caused by germline mutations in ABL1. To date, three variants have been in association with CHDSKM. In this study, we describe three de novo missense variants, c.407C>T (p.Thr136Met), c.746C>T (p.Pro249Leu), and c.1573G>A (p.Val525Met), and one recurrent variant, c.1066G>A (p.Ala356Thr), in six patients, thereby expanding the phenotypic spectrum of CHDSKM to include hearing impairment, lipodystrophy-like features, renal hypoplasia, and distinct ocular abnormalities. Functional investigation of the three novel variants showed an increased ABL1 kinase activity. The cardiac findings in additional patients with p.Ala356Thr contribute to the accumulating evidence that patients carrying either one of the recurrent variants, p.Tyr245Cys and p.Ala356Thr, have a high incidence of cardiac abnormalities. The phenotypic expansion has implications for the clinical diagnosis of CHDSKM in patients with germline ABL1 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-An Chen
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Emeline Crutcher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
- Development, Disease Models, and Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Harinder Gill
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Provincial Medical Genetics Program, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tanya N Nelson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Laurie A Robak
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Marjolijn C J Jongmans
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Chitra Prasad
- Genetics and Development, Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roberta A Berard
- Genetics and Development, Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, Children's Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Madeleine Fannemel
- Department of Medical Genetics, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirik Frengen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Doriana Misceo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Keri Ramsey
- Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Yaping Yang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, Texas
- AiLife Diagnostics, Pearland, Texas
| | - Christian P Schaaf
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, Texas
- AiLife Diagnostics, Pearland, Texas
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47
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Jones JK, Thompson EM. Allosteric Inhibition of ABL Kinases: Therapeutic Potential in Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1763-1769. [PMID: 32606014 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors have revolutionized the world of cancer treatment in recent years, profoundly improving survival of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and beyond. However, off-target toxicities of these inhibitors are well-described, and resistance has become a paramount concern. Novel allosteric inhibitors of the Abelson (ABL) family of tyrosine kinases, including GNF-2, GNF-5, and ABL-001, are equipped to overcome these issues. Several contemporary studies have demonstrated their potential efficacy in three key areas: primary hematologic and solid malignancies, metastasis, and combination with other small molecules. Further, ongoing clinical trials are investigating the efficacy of ABL-001 for the treatment of CML and recurrent solid tumors. This work reviews the current literature of the preclinical testing of GNF-2 and GNF-5 and the preclinical and clinical testing of ABL-001. Future research will continue to evaluate these promising inhibitors as both first-line therapy for solid tumors and salvage therapy when more traditional drugs such as imatinib fail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill K Jones
- Trinity College of Arts & Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Eric M Thompson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. .,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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48
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Heyer EE, Blackburn J. Sequencing Strategies for Fusion Gene Detection. Bioessays 2020; 42:e2000016. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin E. Heyer
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical Research 384 Victoria Street Darlinghurst NSW 2010 Australia
| | - James Blackburn
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreGarvan Institute of Medical Research 384 Victoria Street Darlinghurst NSW 2010 Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, St. Vincent's Clinical SchoolUNSW, St Vincent's Hospital Victoria Street Darlinghurst NSW 2010 Australia
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Role of DNA Damage Response in Suppressing Malignant Progression of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and Polycythemia Vera: Impact of Different Oncogenes. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040903. [PMID: 32272770 PMCID: PMC7226398 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory and oncogenic signaling, both known to challenge genome stability, are key drivers of BCR-ABL-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and JAK2 V617F-positive chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Despite similarities in chronic inflammation and oncogene signaling, major differences in disease course exist. Although BCR-ABL has robust transformation potential, JAK2 V617F-positive polycythemia vera (PV) is characterized by a long and stable latent phase. These differences reflect increased genomic instability of BCR-ABL-positive CML, compared to genome-stable PV with rare cytogenetic abnormalities. Recent studies have implicated BCR-ABL in the development of a "mutator" phenotype fueled by high oxidative damage, deficiencies of DNA repair, and defective ATR-Chk1-dependent genome surveillance, providing a fertile ground for variants compromising the ATM-Chk2-p53 axis protecting chronic phase CML from blast crisis. Conversely, PV cells possess multiple JAK2 V617F-dependent protective mechanisms, which ameliorate replication stress, inflammation-mediated oxidative stress and stress-activated protein kinase signaling, all through up-regulation of RECQL5 helicase, reactive oxygen species buffering system, and DUSP1 actions. These attenuators of genome instability then protect myeloproliferative progenitors from DNA damage and create a barrier preventing cellular stress-associated myelofibrosis. Therefore, a better understanding of BCR-ABL and JAK2 V617F roles in the DNA damage response and disease pathophysiology can help to identify potential dependencies exploitable for therapeutic interventions.
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50
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Lazarevic VL, Johansson B. Why classical cytogenetics still matters in acute myeloid leukemia. Expert Rev Hematol 2020; 13:95-97. [PMID: 31903786 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2020.1711733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Lj Lazarevic
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bertil Johansson
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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