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Laurent C, Flores M, Chartier L, Huet S, Bolen CR, Venstrom JM, Chassagne-Clément C, Dartigues-Cuilléres P, Charlotte F, Tesson B, Salles G, Morschhauser F, Xerri L. Long-term follow-up confirms the favourable prognostic impact of high numbers of tumour infiltrating CD3 T-cells in follicular lymphoma patients treated by rituximab-maintenance regimen. Br J Haematol 2023; 202:686-689. [PMID: 37218065 PMCID: PMC10755216 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Laurent
- Institut Universitaire Cancer-Oncopole, CHU Toulouse, INSERM U1037, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Sarah Huet
- Hospices Civils De Lyon, Pierre Bénite, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gilles Salles
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Luc Xerri
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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2
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Jung M, Lee JA, Yoo SY, Bae JM, Kang GH, Kim JH. Intratumoral spatial heterogeneity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes is a significant factor for precisely stratifying prognostic immune subgroups of microsatellite instability-high colorectal carcinomas. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:2011-2022. [PMID: 35869301 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-022-01137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although the density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is known to be linked to prognosis in various cancers, the prognostic impact and immunologic significance of the spatial heterogeneity of TILs have been rarely investigated. In this study, CD3+ and CD8+ TILs were quantified in independent cohorts (discovery, n = 73; and external validation, n = 93) of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) utilizing whole-slide image analysis of CD3/CD8 immunohistochemistry. The Shannon and Simpson indices, which measure intratumoral patch-to-patch evenness of TIL densities, were used to quantitatively assess the spatial heterogeneity of TILs in each case. To uncover immune-related gene expression signatures of spatial heterogeneity-based TIL subgroups of MSI-H CRCs, representative cases were subjected to GeoMx digital spatial profiler (DSP) analysis. As expected, a low density of TILs was significantly associated with poor disease-free survival (DFS) in MSI-H CRCs. The TIL-low tumors were further classified into two subgroups based on the spatial heterogeneity of TILs: TIL-low/heterogeneity-high and TIL-low/heterogeneity-low subgroups. In both discovery and validation cohorts, the TIL-low/heterogeneity-high, TIL-low/heterogeneity-low, and TIL-high subgroups were significantly associated with poor, intermediate, and good DFS, respectively. In the DSP analysis, the TIL-low/heterogeneity-high subgroup showed higher spatial diversity in the expression of immune-related genes than that of the TIL-low/heterogeneity-low subgroup and exhibited upregulation of genes related to immune checkpoints, chemokine/cytokine receptors, and myeloid cells. TIL-low/heterogeneity-high tumors were also enriched with gene sets related to good response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. In conclusion, TIL-low MSI-H CRCs are prognostically heterogeneous and can be divided into prognostically and immunologically distinct subgroups by considering the spatial heterogeneity of TILs. Our data suggest that intratumoral spatial heterogeneity of TILs can be used as a key element for clinically relevant immunologic subtyping of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsun Jung
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Ae Lee
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeon Yoo
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Seegene Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Mo Bae
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Hoon Kang
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Gršković P, Hančić S, Dotlić S, Matulić M, Ostojić Kolonić S, Gašparov S, Dominis M, Korać P. CD4+/CD57+/CD69+ T lymphocytes and CD14+ dendritic cells accumulate in advanced follicular lymphoma. Immunobiology 2022; 227:152257. [PMID: 35964344 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma is the second most frequent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, accounting for around 20 % of all lymphomas in Western countries. Initially, it behaves indolently, but in time becomes more aggressive and less susceptible to chemotherapy. Multiple features correlate with the survival of the patients and the progression of the disease, such as therapy with rituximab, tumour microenvironment and the intrafollicular proliferation index. Our research was focused on the association of specific components of tumour microenvironment and the tumour behaviour. The presence and the relative percentage of T lymphocytes, follicular dendritic cells, dendritic cells and macrophages was detected by immunohistochemical staining of the antigens specific for certain cell populations. Our results show that T lymphocytes and dendritic cells affect tumour growth, possibly through interactions with tumour cells. Higher patients' ECOG score and the outcome of the disease are associated with the presence of CD14+ dendritic cells in tumour tissue, while the worse overall survival of patients is associated with the increased number of activated helper T lymphocytes that express marker of exhaustion CD57. Taken together, our results suggest that the efficiency of the immune response against follicular lymphoma depends on more than one type of immune cells. Also, we found that the phenotype of these cells, rather than just their number, affects the tumour behaviour and in consequence survival of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Gršković
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Suzana Hančić
- Institute of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Snježana Dotlić
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Pathology, Medical School Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Matulić
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Slobodanka Ostojić Kolonić
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; Division of Haematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Slavko Gašparov
- Institute of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Pathology, Medical School Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mara Dominis
- Institute of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Pathology, Medical School Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Korać
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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4
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Maharaj K, Uriepero A, Sahakian E, Pinilla-Ibarz J. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) in lymphoid malignancies and the impact of novel therapies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:943354. [PMID: 35979372 PMCID: PMC9376239 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.943354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are responsible for maintaining immune homeostasis by controlling immune responses. They can be characterized by concomitant expression of FoxP3, CD25 and inhibitory receptors such as PD-1 and CTLA-4. Tregs are key players in preventing autoimmunity and are dysregulated in cancer, where they facilitate tumor immune escape. B-cell lymphoid malignancies are a group of diseases with heterogenous molecular characteristics and clinical course. Treg levels are increased in patients with B-cell lymphoid malignancies and correlate with clinical outcomes. In this review, we discuss studies investigating Treg immunobiology in B-cell lymphoid malignancies, focusing on clinical correlations, mechanisms of accumulation, phenotype, and function. Overarching trends suggest that Tregs can be induced directly by tumor cells and recruited to the tumor microenvironment where they suppress antitumor immunity to facilitate disease progression. Further, we highlight studies showing that Tregs can be modulated by novel therapeutic agents such as immune checkpoint blockade and targeted therapies. Treg disruption by novel therapeutics may beneficially restore immune competence but has been associated with occurrence of adverse events. Strategies to achieve balance between these two outcomes will be paramount in the future to improve therapeutic efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamira Maharaj
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Angimar Uriepero
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Eva Sahakian
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Javier Pinilla-Ibarz
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Javier Pinilla-Ibarz,
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5
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Immune infiltrate diversity confers a good prognosis in follicular lymphoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:3573-3585. [PMID: 33929583 PMCID: PMC8571143 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-02945-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Follicular lymphoma (FL) prognosis is influenced by the composition of the tumour microenvironment. We tested an automated approach to quantitatively assess the phenotypic and spatial immune infiltrate diversity as a prognostic biomarker for FL patients. Methods Diagnostic biopsies were collected from 127 FL patients initially treated with rituximab-based therapy (52%), radiotherapy (28%), or active surveillance (20%). Tissue microarrays were constructed and stained using multiplex immunofluorescence (CD4, CD8, FOXP3, CD21, PD-1, CD68, and DAPI). Subsequently, sections underwent automated cell scoring and analysis of spatial interactions, defined as cells co-occurring within 30 μm. Shannon’s entropy, a metric describing species biodiversity in ecological habitats, was applied to quantify immune infiltrate diversity of cell types and spatial interactions. Immune infiltrate diversity indices were tested in multivariable Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier analysis for overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results Increased diversity of cell types (HR = 0.19 95% CI 0.06–0.65, p = 0.008) and cell spatial interactions (HR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.20–0.75, p = 0.005) was associated with favourable OS, independent of the Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index. In the rituximab-treated subset, the favourable trend between diversity and PFS did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion Multiplex immunofluorescence and Shannon’s entropy can objectively quantify immune infiltrate diversity and generate prognostic information in FL. This automated approach warrants validation in additional FL cohorts, and its applicability as a pre-treatment biomarker to identify high-risk patients should be further explored. The multiplex image dataset generated by this study is shared publicly to encourage further research on the FL microenvironment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00262-021-02945-0.
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6
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Sohani AR, Maurer MJ, Giri S, Pitcher B, Chadburn A, Said JW, Bartlett NL, Czuczman MS, Martin P, Rosenbaum CA, Jung SH, Leonard JP, Cheson BD, Hsi ED. Biomarkers for Risk Stratification in Patients With Previously Untreated Follicular Lymphoma Receiving Anti-CD20-based Biological Therapy. Am J Surg Pathol 2021; 45:384-393. [PMID: 33136585 PMCID: PMC7878306 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an indolent B-cell neoplasm of germinal center origin. Standard treatment regimens consist of anti-CD20 therapy with or without chemotherapy. While high response rates to initial therapy are common, patients ultimately relapse or have progressive disease. Clinical risk factors such as the Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) have been identified, but there is a need for prognostic and predictive biomarkers. We studied markers of lymphoma cells and tumor microenvironment by immunohistochemistry in tissue samples from patients enrolled in 1 of 4 phase 2 trials of anti-CD20-based biological therapy for previously untreated grades 1 to 2 or 3A FL. Results were correlated with progression-free survival (PFS) and PFS status at 24 months. The 4 trials included 238 patients (51.1% male, median age: 55 y) with stage III, IV, or bulky stage II disease. By FLIPI, 24.6% had low-risk, 56.8% had intermediate-risk, and 18.6% had high-risk disease. The outcome differed significantly for patients treated with lenalidomide and rituximab (CALGB 50803) compared with the other 3 trials (median: PFS not reached vs. 3.0 y, hazard ratio=3.47, 95% confidence interval: 2.11-5.72); therefore, data were stratified by clinical trial (CALGB 50803 vs. all others) and adjusted for FLIPI risk group. Among 154 patients with available tissue, interfollicular BCL6 positivity, interfollicular CD10 positivity, and elevated Ki67 proliferation index ≥30% within neoplastic follicles were each associated with inferior PFS and a high risk of the early event by PFS status at 24 months. We identify promising biomarkers for FL risk stratification that warrant further validation in phase 3 trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliyah R. Sohani
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Sharmila Giri
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Brandelyn Pitcher
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sin-Ho Jung
- Alliance Statistics and Data Center, Duke University, Durham, NC
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7
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Ortega S, Halicek M, Fabelo H, Callico GM, Fei B. Hyperspectral and multispectral imaging in digital and computational pathology: a systematic review [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:3195-3233. [PMID: 32637250 PMCID: PMC7315999 DOI: 10.1364/boe.386338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and multispectral imaging (MSI) technologies have the potential to transform the fields of digital and computational pathology. Traditional digitized histopathological slides are imaged with RGB imaging. Utilizing HSI/MSI, spectral information across wavelengths within and beyond the visual range can complement spatial information for the creation of computer-aided diagnostic tools for both stained and unstained histological specimens. In this systematic review, we summarize the methods and uses of HSI/MSI for staining and color correction, immunohistochemistry, autofluorescence, and histopathological diagnostic research. Studies include hematology, breast cancer, head and neck cancer, skin cancer, and diseases of central nervous, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary systems. The use of HSI/MSI suggest an improvement in the detection of diseases and clinical practice compared with traditional RGB analysis, and brings new opportunities in histological analysis of samples, such as digital staining or alleviating the inter-laboratory variability of digitized samples. Nevertheless, the number of studies in this field is currently limited, and more research is needed to confirm the advantages of this technology compared to conventional imagery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ortega
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Institute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Campus de Tafira, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Martin Halicek
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Inst. of Tech. and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Himar Fabelo
- Institute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Campus de Tafira, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Gustavo M Callico
- Institute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Campus de Tafira, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Baowei Fei
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Advanced Imaging Research Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
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8
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Tsakiroglou AM, Fergie M, Oguejiofor K, Linton K, Thomson D, Stern PL, Astley S, Byers R, West CML. Spatial proximity between T and PD-L1 expressing cells as a prognostic biomarker for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2019; 122:539-544. [PMID: 31806878 PMCID: PMC7028988 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0634-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fulfilling the promise of cancer immunotherapy requires novel predictive biomarkers to characterise the host immune microenvironment. Deciphering the complexity of immune cell interactions requires an automated multiplex approach to histological analysis of tumour sections. We tested a new automatic approach to select tissue and quantify the frequencies of cell-cell spatial interactions occurring in the PD1/PD-L1 pathway, hypothesised to reflect immune escape in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). Methods Single sections of diagnostic biopsies from 72 OPSCC patients were stained using multiplex immunofluorescence (CD8, PD1, PD-L1, CD68). Following multispectral scanning and automated regions-of-interest selection, the Hypothesised Interaction Distribution (HID) method quantified spatial proximity between cells. Method applicability was tested by investigating the prognostic significance of co-localised cells (within 30 μm) in patients stratified by HPV status. Results High frequencies of proximal CD8+ and PD-L1+ (HR 2.95, p = 0.025) and PD1+ and PD-L1+ (HR 2.64, p = 0.042) cells were prognostic for poor overall survival in patients with HPV negative OPSCC (n = 31). Conclusion The HID method can quantify spatial interactions considered to reflect immune escape and generate prognostic information in OPSCC. The new automated approach is ready to test in additional cohorts and its applicability should be explored in research and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Fergie
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PG, UK
| | - Ken Oguejiofor
- Dorset Cancer Centre, Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Poole, BH15 2JB, UK
| | - Kim Linton
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - David Thomson
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Peter L Stern
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Susan Astley
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Science, Manchester Breast Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, M13 9PG, Manchester, UK
| | - Richard Byers
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK.
| | - Catharine M L West
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK.
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9
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Xerri L, Huet S, Venstrom JM, Szafer-Glusman E, Fabiani B, Canioni D, Chassagne-Clément C, Dartigues-Cuilléres P, Charlotte F, Laurent C, Gelas-Dore B, Bolen CR, Punnoose E, Bouabdallah R, Brice P, Morschhauser F, Cartron G, Olive D, Salles G. Rituximab treatment circumvents the prognostic impact of tumor-infiltrating T-cells in follicular lymphoma patients. Hum Pathol 2017; 64:128-136. [PMID: 28414090 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous immunohistochemical (IHC) studies showed controversial data about the prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in follicular lymphoma (FL). To clarify this issue, a large series of FL samples from rituximab-treated patients enrolled in the randomized PRIMA trial was examined. IHC was quantified using automated image analysis in 417, 287, 418, 406, 379, and 369 patients for CD3, CD4, CD8, PD1, ICOS, and FOXP3, respectively. RNAseq analysis was used to quantify TIL-related mRNA transcripts from 148 patients. When each IHC marker was used as a continuous variable in the whole cohort, high CD3 counts were associated with better progression-free survival (PFS) (P = .025). When an optimal IHC cut point was applied to the whole patient population, high CD3 counts and high PD1 counts were associated with better PFS (P = .011 and P = .044, respectively), whereas none of the other TIL markers had any significant correlation with outcome. When a stringent analysis was performed by dividing the whole cohort into a training set and a validation set, none of the TIL markers showed a prognostic significance in both groups. RNAseq analysis showed a significant correlation between high levels of CD3 and CD8 transcripts and better PFS (P = .001 and P = .037, respectively). No prognostic correlation was found as to the level of other immune gene transcripts. These results suggest that the IHC prognostic value of TILs is circumvented by rituximab treatment, although there is a trend for high numbers of CD3+ TILs to correlate with better PFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Xerri
- Department of Bio-Pathology, Hematology, and Tumor Immunology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes and Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, Marseille, F-13009, France; CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, F-13009, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, F-13009, France; Aix-Marseille University, UM, 105, F-13284, Marseille, France.
| | - Sarah Huet
- INSERM1052, CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie de Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud Charles Mérieux, Hospices Civils De Lyon, Laboratoire d'hématologie, F-69495 Pierre Bénite cedex
| | | | | | - Bettina Fabiani
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Saint Antoine, F-75571 Paris, France
| | - Danielle Canioni
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Necker, F-75743 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Fréderic Charlotte
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtriére, F-75651 France
| | - Camille Laurent
- Department of Pathology, INSERM U.1037, Institut Universitaire du Cancer-Oncopole, F-31059 Toulouse
| | - Benedicte Gelas-Dore
- INSERM1052, CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie de Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud Charles Mérieux, Hospices Civils De Lyon, Laboratoire d'hématologie, F-69495 Pierre Bénite cedex
| | | | | | - Reda Bouabdallah
- Department of Bio-Pathology, Hematology, and Tumor Immunology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes and Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, Marseille, F-13009, France; CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, F-13009, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, F-13009, France; Aix-Marseille University, UM, 105, F-13284, Marseille, France
| | - Pauline Brice
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Saint Louis, F-75475 Paris, France
| | - Franck Morschhauser
- Department of Hematology, Hopital Claude Huriez, Unité GRITA, Université de Lille 2, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Cartron
- Departement of Hematology, CHU Montpellier, UMR CNRS-5235, F-34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Department of Bio-Pathology, Hematology, and Tumor Immunology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes and Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille, France; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, Marseille, F-13009, France; CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, F-13009, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, F-13009, France; Aix-Marseille University, UM, 105, F-13284, Marseille, France
| | - Gilles Salles
- INSERM1052, CNRS 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie de Lyon, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud Charles Mérieux, Hospices Civils De Lyon, Laboratoire d'hématologie, F-69495 Pierre Bénite cedex
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10
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Mansfield JR. Phenotyping Multiple Subsets of Immune Cells In Situ in FFPE Tissue Sections: An Overview of Methodologies. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1546:75-99. [PMID: 27896758 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6730-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The recent clinical success of new cancer immunotherapy agents and methods is driving the need to understand the role of immune cells in solid tissues, especially tumors. Immune cell phenotyping via flow cytometry, while a cornerstone of immunology, is not spatially resolved and cannot analyze immune cell subsets in situ in clinical biopsy sections or to determine their interrelationships. To address this problem, a number of methodologies have been developed in attempts to phenotype immune and other cells in images acquired from tissue sections and to assess their organization in the tumor and its microenvironment. This chapter review the staining and multiplex image analysis methods that have been developed for phenotyping immune and other cells in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections.
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11
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Abstract
Recent developments in studies of tumor heterogeneity have provoked new thoughts on cancer management. There is a desperate need to understand influence of the tumor microenvironment on cancer development and evolution. Applying principles and quantitative methods from ecology can suggest novel solutions to fulfil this need. We discuss spatial heterogeneity as a fundamental biological feature of the microenvironment, which has been largely ignored. Histological samples can provide spatial context of diverse cell types coexisting within the microenvironment. Advanced computer-vision techniques have been developed for spatial mapping of cells in histological samples. This has enabled the applications of experimental and analytical tools from ecology to cancer research, generating system-level knowledge of microenvironmental spatial heterogeneity. We focus on studies of immune infiltrate and tumor resource distribution, and highlight statistical approaches for addressing the emerging challenges based on these new approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyin Yuan
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer and Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London; and Centre for Molecular Pathology, Royal Marsden Hospital, London
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12
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van Krieken JH. New developments in the pathology of malignant lymphoma. A review of the literature published from September 2015-December 2015. J Hematop 2016; 9:19-27. [PMID: 26949423 PMCID: PMC4764620 DOI: 10.1007/s12308-016-0269-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Han van Krieken
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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