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Qazi REM, Khan I, Haneef K, Malick TS, Naeem N, Ahmad W, Salim A, Mohsin S. Combination of mesenchymal stem cells and three-dimensional collagen scaffold preserves ventricular remodeling in rat myocardial infarction model. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:633-657. [PMID: 36157910 PMCID: PMC9453269 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i8.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of mortality worldwide. Regeneration of the damaged myocardium remains a challenge due to mechanical constraints and limited healing ability of the adult heart tissue. Cardiac tissue engineering using biomaterial scaffolds combined with stem cells and bioactive molecules could be a highly promising approach for cardiac repair. Use of biomaterials can provide suitable microenvironment to the cells and can solve cell engraftment problems associated with cell transplantation alone. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are potential candidates in cardiac tissue engineering because of their multilineage differentiation potential and ease of isolation. Use of DNA methyl transferase inhibitor, such as zebularine, in combination with three-dimensional (3D) scaffold can promote efficient MSC differentiation into cardiac lineage, as epigenetic modifications play a fundamental role in determining cell fate and lineage specific gene expression.
AIM To investigate the role of collagen scaffold and zebularine in the differentiation of rat bone marrow (BM)-MSCs and their subsequent in vivo effects.
METHODS MSCs were isolated from rat BM and characterized morphologically, immunophenotypically and by multilineage differentiation potential. MSCs were seeded in collagen scaffold and treated with 3 μmol/L zebularine in three different ways. Cytotoxicity analysis was done and cardiac differentiation was analyzed at the gene and protein levels. Treated and untreated MSC-seeded scaffolds were transplanted in the rat myocardial infarction (MI) model and cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography. Cell tracking was performed by DiI dye labeling, while regeneration and neovascularization were evaluated by histological and immunohistochemical analysis, respectively.
RESULTS MSCs were successfully isolated and seeded in collagen scaffold. Cytotoxicity analysis revealed that zebularine was not cytotoxic in any of the treatment groups. Cardiac differentiation analysis showed more pronounced results in the type 3 treatment group which was subsequently chosen for the transplantation in the in vivo MI model. Significant improvement in cardiac function was observed in the zebularine treated MSC-seeded scaffold group as compared to the MI control. Histological analysis also showed reduction in fibrotic scar, improvement in left ventricular wall thickness and preservation of ventricular remodeling in the zebularine treated MSC-seeded scaffold group. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed significant expression of cardiac proteins in DiI labeled transplanted cells and a significant increase in the number of blood vessels in the zebularine treated MSC-seeded collagen scaffold transplanted group.
CONCLUSION Combination of 3D collagen scaffold and zebularine treatment enhances cardiac differentiation potential of MSCs, improves cell engraftment at the infarcted region, reduces infarct size and improves cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida-e-Maria Qazi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Khan
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Haneef
- Dr.Zafar H. Zaidi Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Tuba Shakil Malick
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Naeem
- Dow Research Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedical Sciences (DRIBBS), Dow University of Health and Sciences, Ojha Campus, Karachi 74200, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Salim
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States
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Inhibitors of DNA Methylation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1389:471-513. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-11454-0_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Li QY, Chen J, Luo YH, Zhang W, Xiao EH. Sodium Butyrate Pre-Treatment Enhance Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) into Hepatocytes and Improve Liver Injury. Curr Mol Med 2021; 22:663-674. [PMID: 34649486 DOI: 10.2174/1566524021666211014161716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The treatment of liver failure by stem cell transplantation has attracted growing interest. Herein, we aim to explore the role of sodium butyrate (NaB) in the hepatic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) under liver-specific factors induction in vitro and vivo. MATERIALS & METHODS We isolated BM-MSCs from the mononuclear cell fraction of rabbit bone marrow samples, and identified the cells by Immunophenotypic analysis. We investigated the effects of different concentrations and induction conditions. The histone deacetylase inhibitor NaB induced hepatic differentiation of BM-MSCs under liver-specific factors induction in vitro. Morphological features, liver-specific gene and protein expression, and functional analyses in vitro and vivo were performed to evaluate the hepatic differentiation of BM-MSCs. RESULTS Our results showed that pre-treated NaB inhibited the expression of liver-specific protein in a dose-dependent manner. The induction efficiency of NaB with 24h pre-treatment was higher than that of NaB continuous intervention. 0.5 mM 24h NaB pre-treated cells can improve liver tissue damage in vivo. And the liver ALB, AAT and the serum TP were significantly increased, while the serum ALT was significantly reduced. CONCLUSION Continuous NaB treatment can inhibit BM-MSCs proliferation in a dose-dependent manner at a certain concentration range. 0.5 mM 24h pre-treatment of NaB enhanced differentiation of BM-MSCs into hepatocytes and improves liver injury in vitro and vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yun Li
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011. China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011. China
| | - Yong-Heng Luo
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Second people's hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, 410007. China
| | - En-Hua Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011. China
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Gasiūnienė M, Zubova A, Utkus A, Navakauskienė R. Epigenetic and metabolic alterations in human amniotic fluid stem cells induced to cardiomyogenic differentiation by DNA methyltransferases and p53 inhibitors. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:8129-8143. [PMID: 30485506 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AF-MSCs) may be a valuable source for cell therapy and regenerative medicine. In this study, the potential of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) inhibitors Decitabine, Zebularine, RG108 alone or combined with Zebularine and p53 inhibitor Pifithrin-α to induce cardiomyogenic differentiation of AF-MSCs was investigated. Differentiation into cardiomyocyte-like cells initiation was indicated with all agents by changes in the cell phenotype, upregulation of the relative expression of the main cardiac genes (NKX2-5, TNNT2, MYH6, and DES) as well as of cardiac ion channels genes (sodium, calcium, and potassium) as determined by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the increase in Connexin43 levels as detected from Western blot and immunofluorescence data. Cellular energetics and mitochondrial function in induced cells were assessed using Seahorse analyzer and revealed the initiation of AF-MSCs metabolic transformation into cardiomyocyte-like cells. All used inducers were nontoxic to AF-MSCs, arrested cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, and upregulated p53 and p21 expression. The relative expression of miR-34a and miR-145 that are related to cell cycle regulation was also observed. Furthermore, the evaluated levels of chromatin remodeling proteins enhancer of zeste homolog 2, suppressor of zeste 12 protein homolog, DNMT1, histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), HDAC2, and heterochromatin protein 1α, as well as the rate of activating histone modifications, exhibited rearrangements of chromatin after the induction of cardiomyogenic differentiation. In conclusion, we demonstrated that all explored DNMT and p53 inhibitors initiated cardiomyogenesis-related alterations in AF-MSCs through rather similar mechanisms but to a different extent providing useful insights for the future research and potential applications of AF-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gasiūnienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Anastasija Zubova
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Utkus
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rūta Navakauskienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Gasiūnienė M, Zentelytė A, Wojtas B, Baronaitė S, Krasovskaja N, Savickienė J, Gielniewski B, Kaminska B, Utkus A, Navakauskienė R. DNA methyltransferases inhibitors effectively induce gene expression changes suggestive of cardiomyogenic differentiation of human amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells via chromatin remodeling. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:469-481. [PMID: 30637987 DOI: 10.1002/term.2800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AF-MSCs) are a new potential stem cell source for cell therapy and regenerative medicine. These are fetal mesenchymal stem cells with multilineage differentiation potential found in amniotic fluid. The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vitro differentiation initiation of AF-MSCs into cardiac progenitors upon application of inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT), such as Decitabine (DEC; 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine) and Zebularine (ZEB). We assessed epigenetic changes and explored patterns of genes, enriched in association with hyperacetylated H4 after induced differentiation. Upregulation of cardiomyogenesis-related genes (TNNT2, MYH6, ACTN2, and DES) and cardiac ion channels genes, downregulation of pluripotency genes markers as well as increase in Connexin43 expression indicated cardiomyogenic commitment. Evaluation of global epigenetic changes showed that levels of chromatin modifying enzymes, such as Polycomb repressive complex 2 proteins (EZH2, SUZ12), DNMT1, histone deacetylases 1 and 2 were reduced to the similar extent by both differentiation agents. Levels of specific histone marks keeping active state of chromatin (H3K4me3, H3K9Ac, and H4hyperAc) increased and marks of repressed chromatin state (H3K27me3 and H3K9me3) decreased after DEC or ZEB treatment. Chip-Seq analysis after chromatin immunoprecipitation with H4hyperAc demonstrated enrichment of around 100 functionally annotated genes, related to chromatin reorganization and cardiomyogenesis and confirmed relation between H4 hyperacetylation and gene expression. Our results demonstrate that both DEC and ZEB can be potentially used as cardiomyogenic differentiation inducers in AF-MSCs, and they cause various genetic and epigenetic changes resulting in global chromatin remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gasiūnienė
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aistė Zentelytė
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Bartosz Wojtas
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sandra Baronaitė
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Jūratė Savickienė
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Bartlomiej Gielniewski
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bozena Kaminska
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Algirdas Utkus
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rūta Navakauskienė
- Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Continuous zebularine treatment enhances hepatic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells under liver-specific factors induction in vitro. Life Sci 2018; 215:57-63. [PMID: 30473025 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effect of zebularine, a stable inhibitor of DNA methylation, on hepatic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) under liver-specific factors induction in vitro. MAIN METHODS BM-MSCs were isolated from the mononuclear cell fraction of rabbit bone marrow samples. The identification of these cells was carried out by immunophenotype analysis. The three hepatic differentiation protocols of BM-MSCs were as follows: liver-specific factors (hepatocyte growth factor and epidermal growth factor) without zebularine, liver-specific factors combined with a 24 h zebularine pre-treatment, and liver-specific factors combined with continuous zebularine treatment. BM-MSCs cultured in basic medium without the differentiation stimuli were set as the control. Morphological features, liver-specific gene and protein expression, and functional analyses were assessed to evaluate hepatic differentiation of BM-MSCs. Global DNA methylation status was tested for investigating the underlying mechanism. KEY FINDINGS Flow cytometry immunophenotyping proved the isolated cells with plastic adherence and a spindle shape were CD29, CD90 positive and CD34, CD45 negative. Albumin (ALB) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) messenger RNA and protein expression, glycogen storage and urea production were significantly higher in the continuous zebularine-treated group than the other groups while the differences between the zebularine-untreated group and 24 h zebularine pre-treated group were not significant. Meanwhile, significant decrease of global DNA methylation was observed in the continuous zebularine-treated group. SIGNIFICANCE We conclude that continuous zebularine treatment can improve hepatic differentiation of BM-MSCs under liver-specific factors induction in vitro, and the decrease of global DNA methylation maybe involved in this process.
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Micheu MM, Scarlatescu AI, Scafa-Udriste A, Dorobantu M. The Winding Road of Cardiac Regeneration-Stem Cell Omics in the Spotlight. Cells 2018; 7:cells7120255. [PMID: 30544622 PMCID: PMC6315576 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress in treating ischemic cardiac disease and succeeding heart failure, there is still an unmet need to develop effective therapeutic strategies given the persistent high-mortality rate. Advances in stem cell biology hold great promise for regenerative medicine, particularly for cardiac regeneration. Various cell types have been used both in preclinical and clinical studies to repair the injured heart, either directly or indirectly. Transplanted cells may act in an autocrine and/or paracrine manner to improve the myocyte survival and migration of remote and/or resident stem cells to the site of injury. Still, the molecular mechanisms regulating cardiac protection and repair are poorly understood. Stem cell fate is directed by multifaceted interactions between genetic, epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional mechanisms. Decoding stem cells’ “panomic” data would provide a comprehensive picture of the underlying mechanisms, resulting in patient-tailored therapy. This review offers a critical analysis of omics data in relation to stem cell survival and differentiation. Additionally, the emerging role of stem cell-derived exosomes as “cell-free” therapy is debated. Last but not least, we discuss the challenges to retrieve and analyze the huge amount of publicly available omics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miruna Mihaela Micheu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Alina Ioana Scarlatescu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Alexandru Scafa-Udriste
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
- Department 4-Cardiothoracic Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Eroii Sanitari Bvd. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Maria Dorobantu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Floreasca Street 8, 014461 Bucharest, Romania.
- Department 4-Cardiothoracic Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Eroii Sanitari Bvd. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
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Generation of Progesterone-Responsive Endometrial Stromal Fibroblasts from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Role of the WNT/CTNNB1 Pathway. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:1136-1155. [PMID: 30392973 PMCID: PMC6234962 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Defective endometrial stromal fibroblasts (EMSFs) contribute to uterine factor infertility, endometriosis, and endometrial cancer. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from skin or bone marrow biopsies provide a patient-specific source that can be differentiated to various cells types. Replacement of abnormal EMSFs is a potential novel therapeutic approach for endometrial disease; however, the methodology or mechanism for differentiating iPSCs to EMSFs is unknown. The uterus differentiates from the intermediate mesoderm (IM) to form coelomic epithelium (CE) followed by the Müllerian duct (MD). Here, we successfully directed the differentiation of human iPSCs (hiPSCs) through IM, CE, and MD to EMSFs under molecularly defined embryoid body culture conditions using specific hormonal treatments. Activation of CTNNB1 was essential for expression of progesterone receptor that mediated the final differentiation step of EMSFs before implantation. These hiPSC-derived tissues illustrate the potential for iPSC-based endometrial regeneration for future cell-based treatments. We developed a molecularly defined system for differentiating hiPSCs to EMSFs hiPSC-derived EMSFs undergo decidualization in response to hormonal stimulation D14 embryoid bodies recapitulate the molecular signature of primary EMSFs The WNT/CTNNB1 pathway is required for induction of EMSF from hiPSCs
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Dong Y, Xu S, Liu J, Ponnusamy M, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Li P, Wang K. Non-coding RNA-linked epigenetic regulation in cardiac hypertrophy. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1133-1141. [PMID: 29989099 PMCID: PMC6036733 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.26215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive enlargement of myocardium in response to pressure overload caused various pathological insults, which is accompanied by alteration of a complex cascade of signaling pathways. During the hypertrophy process, many changes occur at cellular level including gene reprogramming by turning off chromatin regulators. Studies from the past decade have demonstrated that the abnormal epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and oxidative modification of nucleic acid, could lead to changes in chromosome structure and cardiac dysfunction. Increasing evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have functional significance in modulating the gene expression during those pathological events in the heart. Emerging evidences have highlighted that ncRNAs might serve as a signal for changing the state of chromatin, however, the knowledge about the ncRNA-linked epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in cardiac pathologies is still largely unexplored. In this review, we summarize the current information on association between ncRNAs and epigenetic modifications in cardiac hypertrophy, and we have discussed their crosstalk. In addition, this review provides insights into their therapeutic and diagnostic potential for treating hypertrophic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhan Dong
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Murugavel Ponnusamy
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Deng Zhou Road 38, Qingdao 266021, China
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Bhuvanalakshmi G, Arfuso F, Kumar AP, Dharmarajan A, Warrier S. Epigenetic reprogramming converts human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells into functional cardiomyocytes by differential regulation of Wnt mediators. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:185. [PMID: 28807014 PMCID: PMC5557557 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0638-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lineage commitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to cardiac differentiation is controlled by transcription factors that are regulated by epigenetic events, mainly histone deacetylation and promoter DNA methylation. Here, we studied the differentiation of human Wharton’s jelly MSCs (WJMSCs) into the cardiomyocyte lineage via epigenetic manipulations. Methods We introduced these changes using inhibitors of DNA methyl transferase and histone deacetylase, DC301, DC302, and DC303, in various combinations. We characterized for cardiogenic differentiation by assessing the expression of cardiac-specific markers by immunolocalization, quantitative RT-PCR, and flow cytometry. Cardiac functional studies were performed by FURA2AM staining and Greiss assay. The role of Wnt signaling during cardiac differentiation was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. In-vivo studies were performed in a doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxic mouse model by injecting cardiac progenitor cells. Promoter methylation status of the cardiac transcription factor Nkx2.5 and the Wnt antagonist, secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (sFRP4), after cardiac differentiation was studied by bisulfite sequencing. Results By induction with DC301 and DC302, WJMSCs differentiated into cardiomyocyte-like structures with an upregulation of Wnt antagonists, sFRP3 and sFRP4, and Dickkopf (Dkk)1 and Dkk3. The cardiac function enhancer, vinculin, and DDX20, a DEAD-box RNA helicase, were also upregulated in differentiated cardiomyocytes. Additionally, bisulfite sequencing revealed, for the first time in cardiogenesis, that sFRP4 is activated by promoter CpG island demethylation. In vivo, these MSC-derived cardiac progenitors could not only successfully engraft to the site of cardiac injury in mice with doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury, but also form functional cardiomyocytes and restore cardiac function. Conclusion The present study unveils a link between Wnt inhibition and epigenetic modification to initiate cardiac differentiation, which could enhance the efficacy of stem cell therapy for ischemic heart disorders. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0638-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bhuvanalakshmi
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore, 560 065, India
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.,School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore, 560 065, India.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia.,National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, 119074, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore, 560 065, India. .,School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia. .,Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6875, Australia.
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Muntean I, Togănel R, Benedek T. Genetics of Congenital Heart Disease: Past and Present. Biochem Genet 2016; 55:105-123. [PMID: 27807680 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-016-9780-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease is the most common congenital anomaly, representing an important cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Congenital heart disease represents a group of heart anomalies that include septal defects, valve defects, and outflow tract anomalies. The exact genetic, epigenetic, or environmental basis of congenital heart disease remains poorly understood, although the exact mechanism is likely multifactorial. However, the development of new technologies including copy number variants, single-nucleotide polymorphism, next-generation sequencing are accelerating the detection of genetic causes of heart anomalies. Recent studies suggest a role of small non-coding RNAs, micro RNA, in congenital heart disease. The recently described epigenetic factors have also been found to contribute to cardiac morphogenesis. In this review, we present past and recent genetic discoveries in congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda Muntean
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Transplantation, Clinic of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, 50 Gh Marinescu St, 540136, Tirgu Mures, Romania
| | - Rodica Togănel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Transplantation, Clinic of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, 50 Gh Marinescu St, 540136, Tirgu Mures, Romania.
| | - Theodora Benedek
- Clinic of Cardiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, Tirgu Mures, Romania
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Hmadcha A, Aguilera Y, Lozano-Arana MD, Mellado N, Sánchez J, Moya C, Sánchez-Palazón L, Palacios J, Antiñolo G, Soria B. Derivation of HVR1, HVR2 and HVR3 human embryonic stem cell lines from IVF embryos after preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for monogenic disorder. Stem Cell Res 2016; 16:635-9. [PMID: 27346196 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
From 106 human blastocyts donate for research after in vitro fertilization (IVF) and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) for monogenetic disorder, 3 human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) HVR1, HVR2 and HVR3 were successfully derived. HVR1 was assumed to be genetically normal, HVR2 carrying Becker muscular dystrophy and HVR3 Hemophilia B. Despite the translocation t(9;15)(q34.3;q14) detected in HVR2, all the 3 cell lines were characterised in vitro and in vivo as normal hESCs lines and were registered in the Spanish Stem Cell Bank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkrim Hmadcha
- Department of Stem Cells, Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Seville 41092, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólica asociada (CIBERDEM), Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Yolanda Aguilera
- Department of Stem Cells, Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Lozano-Arana
- Department of Genetics, Reproduction and Fetal Medicine, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Nuria Mellado
- Department of Stem Cells, Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Javier Sánchez
- Department of Genetics, Reproduction and Fetal Medicine, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Cristina Moya
- Department of Genetics, Reproduction and Fetal Medicine, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Luis Sánchez-Palazón
- Department of Stem Cells, Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Jose Palacios
- Department of Pathology, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Seville 41013, Spain; Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid 28034, Spain
| | - Guillermo Antiñolo
- Department of Genetics, Reproduction and Fetal Medicine, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Seville 41013, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Bernat Soria
- Department of Stem Cells, Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Seville 41092, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólica asociada (CIBERDEM), Madrid 28029, Spain
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Fontán-Lozano A, Capilla-Gonzalez V, Aguilera Y, Mellado N, Carrión AM, Soria B, Hmadcha A. Impact of transient down-regulation of DREAM in human embryonic stem cell pluripotency: The role of DREAM in the maintenance of hESCs. Stem Cell Res 2016; 16:568-78. [PMID: 26999760 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the functions of downstream regulatory element antagonist modulator (DREAM) in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, DREAM interacts with cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner, preventing CREB binding protein (CBP) recruitment. Furthermore, CREB and CBP are involved in maintaining ESC self-renewal and pluripotency. However, a previous knockout study revealed the protective function of DREAM depletion in brain aging degeneration and that aging is accompanied by a progressive decline in stem cells (SCs) function. Interestingly, we found that DREAM is expressed in different cell types, including human ESCs (hESCs), human adipose-derived stromal cells (hASCs), human bone marrow-derived stromal cells (hBMSCs), and human newborn foreskin fibroblasts (hFFs), and that transitory inhibition of DREAM in hESCs reduces their pluripotency, increasing differentiation. We stipulate that these changes are partly mediated by increased CREB transcriptional activity. Overall, our data indicates that DREAM acts in the regulation of hESC pluripotency and could be a target to promote or prevent differentiation in embryonic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fontán-Lozano
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - V Capilla-Gonzalez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Y Aguilera
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - N Mellado
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - A M Carrión
- División de Neurociencias, Universidad Pablo de Olavide de Sevilla, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - B Soria
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Sevilla 41092, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólica asociada (CIBERDEM), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - A Hmadcha
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Sevilla 41092, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólica asociada (CIBERDEM), Madrid 28029, Spain.
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KalantarMotamedi Y, Peymani M, Baharvand H, Nasr-Esfahani MH, Bender A. Systematic selection of small molecules to promote differentiation of embryonic stem cells and experimental validation for generating cardiomyocytes. Cell Death Discov 2016; 2:16007. [PMID: 27551501 PMCID: PMC4979408 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2016.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecules are being increasingly used for inducing the targeted differentiation of stem cells to different cell types. However, until now no systematic method for selecting suitable small molecules for this purpose has been presented. In this work, we propose an integrated and general bioinformatics- and cheminformatics-based approach for selecting small molecules which direct cellular differentiation in the desired way. The approach was successfully experimentally validated for differentiating stem cells into cardiomyocytes. All predicted compounds enhanced expression of cardiac progenitor (Gata4, Nkx2-5 and Mef2c) and mature cardiac markers (Actc1, myh6) significantly during and post-cardiac progenitor formation. The best-performing compound, Famotidine, increased the percentage of Myh6-positive cells from 33 to 56%, and enhanced the expression of Nkx2.5 and Tnnt2 cardiac progenitor and cardiac markers in protein level. The approach employed in the study is applicable to all other stem cell differentiation settings where gene expression data are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y KalantarMotamedi
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - M Peymani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR , Isfahan, Iran
| | - H Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR , Tehran, Iran
| | - M H Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cell Science Research Centre, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR , Isfahan, Iran
| | - A Bender
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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Lopez M, Halby L, Arimondo PB. DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitors: Development and Applications. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 945:431-473. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-43624-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Soria B, Gauthier BR, Martín F, Tejedo JR, Bedoya FJ, Rojas A, Hmadcha A. Using stem cells to produce insulin. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015; 15:1469-89. [PMID: 26156425 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2015.1066330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tremendous progress has been made in generating insulin-producing cells from pluripotent stem cells. The best outcome of the refined protocols became apparent in the first clinical trial announced by ViaCyte, based on the implantation of pancreatic progenitors that would further mature into functional insulin-producing cells inside the patient's body. AREAS COVERED Several groups, including ours, have contributed to improve strategies to generate insulin-producing cells. Of note, the latest results have gained a substantial amount of interest as a method to create a potentially functional and limitless supply of β-cell to revert diabetes mellitus. This review analyzes the accomplishments that have taken place over the last few decades, summarizes the state-of-art methods for β-cell replacement therapies based on the differentiation of embryonic stem cells into glucose-responsive and insulin-producing cells in a dish and discusses alternative approaches to obtain new sources of insulin-producing cells. EXPERT OPINION Undoubtedly, recent events preface the beginning of a new era in diabetes therapy. However, in our opinion, a number of significant hurdles still stand in the way of clinical application. We believe that the combination of the private and public sectors will accelerate the process of obtaining the desired safe and functional β-cell surrogates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernat Soria
- a 1 CABIMER, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Avda. Americo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain ; .,b 2 CIBERDEM, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders , 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Benoit R Gauthier
- a 1 CABIMER, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Avda. Americo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain ;
| | - Franz Martín
- a 1 CABIMER, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Avda. Americo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain ; .,b 2 CIBERDEM, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders , 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan R Tejedo
- a 1 CABIMER, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Avda. Americo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain ; .,b 2 CIBERDEM, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders , 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Bedoya
- a 1 CABIMER, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Avda. Americo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain ; .,b 2 CIBERDEM, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders , 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anabel Rojas
- a 1 CABIMER, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Avda. Americo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain ; .,b 2 CIBERDEM, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders , 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abdelkrim Hmadcha
- a 1 CABIMER, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine , Avda. Americo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain ; .,b 2 CIBERDEM, Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders , 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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Martinez SR, Gay MS, Zhang L. Epigenetic mechanisms in heart development and disease. Drug Discov Today 2015; 20:799-811. [PMID: 25572405 PMCID: PMC4492921 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2014.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Suboptimal intrauterine development has been linked to predisposition to cardiovascular disease in adulthood, a concept termed 'developmental origins of health and disease'. Although the exact mechanisms underlying this developmental programming are unknown, a growing body of evidence supports the involvement of epigenetic regulation. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and micro-RNA confer added levels of gene regulation without altering DNA sequences. These modifications are relatively stable signals, offering possible insight into the mechanisms underlying developmental origins of health and disease. This review will discuss the role of epigenetic mechanisms in heart development as well as aberrant epigenetic regulation contributing to cardiovascular disease. Additionally, we will address recent advances targeting epigenetic mechanisms as potential therapeutic approaches to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannalee R Martinez
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Maresha S Gay
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
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Schiano C, Vietri MT, Grimaldi V, Picascia A, De Pascale MR, Napoli C. Epigenetic-related therapeutic challenges in cardiovascular disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2015; 36:226-35. [PMID: 25758254 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Progress in human genetic and genomic research has led to the identification of genetic variants associated with specific cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), but the pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. Recent studies have analyzed the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone modifications in the development and progression of CVD. Preliminary work has investigated the correlations between DNA methylation, histone modifications, and RNA-based mechanisms with CVDs including atherosclerosis, heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), and cardiac hypertrophy. Remarkably, both in utero programming and postnatal hypercholesterolemia may affect the epigenetic signature in the human cardiovascular system, thereby providing novel early epigenetic-related pharmacological insights. Interestingly, some dietary compounds, including polyphenols, cocoa, and folic acid, can modulate DNA methylation status, whereas statins may promote epigenetic-based control in CVD prevention through histone modifications. We review recent findings on the epigenetic control of cardiovascular system and new challenges for therapeutic strategies in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Schiano
- Institute of Diagnostic and Nuclear Development (SDN), Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Via Emanuele Gianturco 113, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Vietri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Grimaldi
- Unità Operativa Complessa Division of Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology (SIMT), Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology (LIT), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria (AOU), Second University of Naples, Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonietta Picascia
- Unità Operativa Complessa Division of Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology (SIMT), Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology (LIT), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria (AOU), Second University of Naples, Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria De Pascale
- Unità Operativa Complessa Division of Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology (SIMT), Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology (LIT), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria (AOU), Second University of Naples, Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Institute of Diagnostic and Nuclear Development (SDN), Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Via Emanuele Gianturco 113, 80143 Naples, Italy; Unità Operativa Complessa Division of Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology (SIMT), Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology (LIT), Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria (AOU), Second University of Naples, Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
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McNamara LE, Turner LA, Burgess KV. Systems Biology Approaches Applied to Regenerative Medicine. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2015; 3:37-45. [PMID: 25722955 PMCID: PMC4333234 DOI: 10.1007/s40139-015-0072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Systems biology is the creation of theoretical and mathematical models for the study of biological systems, as an engine for hypothesis generation and to provide context to experimental data. It is underpinned by the collection and analysis of complex datasets from different biological systems, including global gene, RNA, protein and metabolite profiles. Regenerative medicine seeks to replace or repair tissues with compromised function (for example, through injury, deficiency or pathology), in order to improve their functionality. In this paper, we will address the application of systems biology approaches to the study of regenerative medicine, with a particular focus on approaches to study modifications to the genome, transcripts and small RNAs, proteins and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. McNamara
- Centre for Cell Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | | | - Karl V. Burgess
- Glasgow Polyomics, TCRC, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow, G61 1QH UK
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