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Fan J, Chen B, Luo Q, Li J, Huang Y, Zhu M, Chen Z, Li J, Wang J, Liu L, Wei Q, Cao D. Potential molecular biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116312. [PMID: 38417288 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a common malignant tumor of urinary system, which can be divided into muscle-invasive BC (MIBC) and nonmuscle-invasive BC (NMIBC). The number of BC patients has been gradually increasing currently. At present, bladder tumours are diagnosed and followed-up using a combination of cystoscopic examination, cytology and histology. However, the detection of early grade tumors, which is much easier to treat effectively than advanced stage disease, is still insufficient. It frequently recurs and can progress when not expeditiously diagnosed and monitored following initial therapy for NMIBC. Treatment strategies are totally different for different stage diseases. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study new biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. In this review, we summarize the current state of biomarker development in BC diagnosis and prognosis prediction. We retrospectively analyse eight diagnostic biomarkers and eight prognostic biomarkers, in which CK, P53, PPARγ, PTEN and ncRNA are emphasized for discussion. Eight molecular subtype systems are also identified. Clinical translation of biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring and treatment will hopefully improve outcomes for patients. These potential biomarkers provide an opportunity to diagnose tumors earlier and with greater accuracy, and help identify those patients most at risk of disease recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junping Fan
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiuping Luo
- Out-patient Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinze Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Huang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengli Zhu
- Research Core Facility, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangren Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Dehong Cao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Rasouli M, Safari F, Sobhani N, Alavi M, Roudi R. Regulation of Cellular-Signaling Pathways by Mammalian Proteins Containing Bacterial EPIYA or EPIYA-Like Motifs Predicted to be Phosphorylated. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:74-84. [PMID: 38153368 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The effector proteins of several pathogenic bacteria contain the Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) motif or other similar motifs. The EPIYA motif is delivered into the host cells by type III and IV secretion systems, through which its tyrosine residue undergoes phosphorylation by host kinases. These motifs atypically interact with a wide range of Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing mammalian proteins through tyrosine phosphorylation, which leads to the perturbation of multiple signaling cascades, the spread of infection, and improved bacterial colonization. Interestingly, it has been reported that EPIYA (or EPIYA-like) motifs exist in mammalian proteomes and regulate mammalian cellular-signaling pathways, leading to homeostasis and disease pathophysiology. It is possible that pathogenic bacteria have exploited EPIYA (or EPIYA-like) motifs from mammalian proteins and that the mammalian EPIYA (or EPIYA-like) motifs have evolved to have highly specific interactions with SH2 domain-containing proteins. In this review, we focus on the regulation of mammalian cellular-signaling pathways by mammalian proteins containing these motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rasouli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Safari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Navid Sobhani
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mana Alavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Raheleh Roudi
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Xu X, Zhang L, Ye G, Shi J, Peng Y, Xin F, Lin Y, Wu Q, Lin X, Chen W. Hepatitis B doubly spliced protein (HBDSP) promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis via ETS1/GATA2/YY1-mediated p53 transcription. J Virol 2023; 97:e0108723. [PMID: 37929990 PMCID: PMC10688342 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01087-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Hepatitis B virus (HBV) spliced variants are associated with viral persistence or pathogenicity. Hepatitis B doubly spliced protein (HBDSP), which has been previously reported as a pleiotropic transactivator protein, can potentially serve as an HBV virulence factor. However, the underlying mechanisms of HBDSP in HBV-associated liver diseases remain to be elucidated. In this study, we revealed that HBDSP promotes cellular apoptosis and induces wt-p53-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway in wt-p53 hepatocellular cells by transactivating p53 transcription, and increases the release of HBV progeny. Therefore, HBDSP may promote the HBV particles release through wt-p53-dependent hepatocellular apoptosis. Our findings suggest that blocking HBDSP-induced wt-p53-dependent apoptosis might have therapeutic values for chronic hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiazhen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guiying Ye
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiajian Shi
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yibin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fan Xin
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wannan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Tumor Microbiology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Wu YQ, Zhang CS, Xiong J, Cai DQ, Wang CZ, Wang Y, Liu YH, Wang Y, Li Y, Wu J, Wu J, Lan B, Wang X, Chen S, Cao X, Wei X, Hu HH, Guo H, Yu Y, Ghafoor A, Xie C, Wu Y, Xu Z, Zhang C, Zhu M, Huang X, Sun X, Lin SY, Piao HL, Zhou J, Lin SC. Low glucose metabolite 3-phosphoglycerate switches PHGDH from serine synthesis to p53 activation to control cell fate. Cell Res 2023; 33:835-850. [PMID: 37726403 PMCID: PMC10624847 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00874-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycolytic intermediary metabolites such as fructose-1,6-bisphosphate can serve as signals, controlling metabolic states beyond energy metabolism. However, whether glycolytic metabolites also play a role in controlling cell fate remains unexplored. Here, we find that low levels of glycolytic metabolite 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) can switch phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) from cataplerosis serine synthesis to pro-apoptotic activation of p53. PHGDH is a p53-binding protein, and when unoccupied by 3-PGA interacts with the scaffold protein AXIN in complex with the kinase HIPK2, both of which are also p53-binding proteins. This leads to the formation of a multivalent p53-binding complex that allows HIPK2 to specifically phosphorylate p53-Ser46 and thereby promote apoptosis. Furthermore, we show that PHGDH mutants (R135W and V261M) that are constitutively bound to 3-PGA abolish p53 activation even under low glucose conditions, while the mutants (T57A and T78A) unable to bind 3-PGA cause constitutive p53 activation and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, even in the presence of high glucose. In vivo, PHGDH-T57A induces apoptosis and inhibits the growth of diethylnitrosamine-induced mouse HCC, whereas PHGDH-R135W prevents apoptosis and promotes HCC growth, and knockout of Trp53 abolishes these effects above. Importantly, caloric restriction that lowers whole-body glucose levels can impede HCC growth dependent on PHGDH. Together, these results unveil a mechanism by which glucose availability autonomously controls p53 activity, providing a new paradigm of cell fate control by metabolic substrate availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chen-Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jinye Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Dong-Qi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chen-Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yan-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Bin Lan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xianglei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hui-Hui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Huiling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yaxin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Abdul Ghafoor
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Changchuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yaying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zheni Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Cixiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Mingxia Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiufeng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shu-Yong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hai-Long Piao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jianyin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Sheng-Cai Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Angarola BL, Sharma S, Katiyar N, Gu Kang H, Nehar-Belaid D, Park S, Gott R, Eryilmaz GN, LaBarge MA, Palucka K, Chuang JH, Korstanje R, Ucar D, Anczukow O. Comprehensive single cell aging atlas of mammary tissues reveals shared epigenomic and transcriptomic signatures of aging and cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.20.563147. [PMID: 37961129 PMCID: PMC10634680 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.20.563147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the greatest risk factor for breast cancer; however, how age-related cellular and molecular events impact cancer initiation is unknown. We investigate how aging rewires transcriptomic and epigenomic programs of mouse mammary glands at single cell resolution, yielding a comprehensive resource for aging and cancer biology. Aged epithelial cells exhibit epigenetic and transcriptional changes in metabolic, pro-inflammatory, or cancer-associated genes. Aged stromal cells downregulate fibroblast marker genes and upregulate markers of senescence and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Among immune cells, distinct T cell subsets (Gzmk+, memory CD4+, γδ) and M2-like macrophages expand with age. Spatial transcriptomics reveal co-localization of aged immune and epithelial cells in situ. Lastly, transcriptional signatures of aging mammary cells are found in human breast tumors, suggesting mechanistic links between aging and cancer. Together, these data uncover that epithelial, immune, and stromal cells shift in proportions and cell identity, potentially impacting cell plasticity, aged microenvironment, and neoplasia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Neerja Katiyar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Hyeon Gu Kang
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - SungHee Park
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Giray N Eryilmaz
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Mark A LaBarge
- Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Karolina Palucka
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Chuang
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Duygu Ucar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Olga Anczukow
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
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6
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Su Y, Du Y, Ye S, Jia G, Ding B, Yu J. Clinical importance and PI3K/Akt pathway-dependent anti-proliferative role of PALMD and DPT in breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154717. [PMID: 37556876 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify novel differentially expressed genes in breast cancer and to explore the clinical value and the anti-tumor or oncogenic effects of the identified genes using bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments. The differentially expressed genes in breast cancer patients were identified using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database with the cut-off criteria p < 0.05 and |logFC| > 1. The expression levels of palmdelphin (PALMD) and dermatopontin (DPT) in normal tissues and breast cancer tissues were evaluated based on GEPIA and UALCAN databases. PALMD and DPT expression levels in clinical subgroups of patients with breast cancer were analyzed to assess the association of PALMD and DPT expression with clinical characteristics. The prognostic and diagnostic values of PALMD and DPT in breast cancer were evaluated from Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curves and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Pearson's correlation coefficient was performed using LinkedOmics. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was performed using DAVID. The protein levels were evaluated using western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was assessed using MTT and EdU assays. Two important genes, PALMD and DPT, were identified in breast cancer. The expression levels of PALMD and DPT were significantly lower in breast cancer tissues. The expression levels of PALMD were closely related to age, histological type, and T stage of breast cancer patients. The expression levels of DPT were closely related to age, histological type, T stage, N stage, estrogen receptor status, and progesterone receptor status of breast cancer patients. The K-M survival curves showed that PALMD or DPT was not an independent prognostic factor for breast cancer. The ROC curves showed that both PALMD and DPT had good diagnostic potential for breast cancer. KEGG pathway enrichment results showed that PI3K/Akt pathway was an important overlapping signaling for PALMD and DPT. Further studies proved that overexpression of PALMD and DPT inhibited proliferation in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells by suppressing the PI3K/Akt pathway. PALMD and DPT knockdown promoted proliferation in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. These results collectively suggested that PALMD and DPT might serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Su
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang 473004, China; Key Laboratory of Thyroid Tumor Prevention and Treatment of Nanyang, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang 473004, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang 473004, China; Key Laboratory of Thyroid Tumor Prevention and Treatment of Nanyang, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang 473004, China
| | - Shouwan Ye
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang 473004, China; Key Laboratory of Thyroid Tumor Prevention and Treatment of Nanyang, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang 473004, China
| | - Guangwei Jia
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang 473004, China; Key Laboratory of Thyroid Tumor Prevention and Treatment of Nanyang, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang 473004, China
| | - Bo Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang 473004, China
| | - Jinsong Yu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang 473004, China; Key Laboratory of Thyroid Tumor Prevention and Treatment of Nanyang, Nanyang First People's Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Nanyang 473004, China.
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7
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Chen Q, Wu Y, Dai Z, Zhang Z, Yang X. Phosphorylation and specific DNA improved the incorporation ability of p53 into functional condensates. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123221. [PMID: 36634798 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor p53 acted as a critical tumor suppressor by activating the expression of various target genes to regulate diverse cellular responses. The phosphorylation of p53 influenced the binding of p53 to promotor-specific DNA and the choice of cell fate. In this study, we found that full-length wild-type p53 and pol II CTD could form heterotypic phase separation condensates in vitro. The heterotypic condensates of p53 and pol II CTD were mediated by electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between pol II CTD and multiple domains of p53. The mobility of heterotypic p53 and pol II CTD droplets was significantly higher than that of p53 droplet. The phosphorylation promoted p53 to be recruited into pol II CTD droplets and transcription condensates. The specific DNA could further enhance the incorporation ability of p53 into functional condensates. Therefore, we proposed that the p53 droplet might be in a mediate state, the mutations resulting in p53 mutants with gain-of-function impelled the aggregate of p53, while the phosphorylation promoted p53 to be recruited into functional condensates as a client molecule to exert its function. This study might provide insights into the regulation mechanism that the phosphorylation and nuclei acid affected the phase behavior of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunyang Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510006, PR China
| | - Yiping Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510006, PR China
| | - Zhuojun Dai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510006, PR China
| | - Zhuqing Zhang
- College of life sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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8
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Selective Induction of Intrinsic Apoptosis in Retinoblastoma Cells by Novel Cationic Antimicrobial Dodecapeptides. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112507. [PMID: 36432697 PMCID: PMC9694048 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Host defense peptides represent an important component of innate immunity. In this work, we report the anticancer properties of a panel of hyper-charged wholly cationic antimicrobial dodecapeptides (CAPs) containing multiple canonical forms of lysine and arginine residues. These CAPs displayed excellent bactericidal activities against a broad range of pathogenic bacteria by dissipating the cytoplasmic membrane potential. Specifically, we identified two CAPs, named HC3 and HC5, that effectively killed a significant number of retinoblastoma (WERI-Rb1) cells (p ≤ 0.01). These two CAPs caused the shrinkage of WERI-Rb1 tumor spheroids (p ≤ 0.01), induced intrinsic apoptosis in WERI-Rb1 cells via activation of caspase 9 and caspase 3, cleaved the PARP protein, and triggered off the phosphorylation of p53 and γH2A.X. Combining HC3 or HC5 with the standard chemotherapeutic drug topotecan showed synergistic anti-cancer activities. Overall, these results suggest that HC3 and HC5 can be exploited as potential therapeutic agents in retinoblastoma as monotherapy or as adjunctive therapy to enhance the effectiveness of currently used treatment modalities.
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9
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Cai MY, Xu YL, Rong H, Yang H. Low Level of PALMD Contributes to the Metastasis of Uveal Melanoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:802941. [PMID: 35494064 PMCID: PMC9043551 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.802941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is a highly aggressive disease. There is an urgent need to develop the metastasis prediction markers of UM. This study aims to detect the key role of PALMD in UM metastasis. Transcriptome sequencing results of 2 sets of UM metastatic samples (GSE22138 and GSE156877) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and 18 overlapping differentially expressed genes were screened out, including PALMD. PALMD was significantly underexpressed in metastatic UM tissue. Low expression of PALMD was associated with poor prognosis in UM patients. The decreased expression of PALMD promoted the invasion and migration of 92-1 and Mel270 cells, while the high expression of PALMD inhibited the invasion and migration of UM cells. Furthermore, the levels of matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) 2 and MMP9 increased after transfection of siRNAs specifically targeting PALMD, whereas the levels of MMP2 and MMP9 were decreased after PALMD overexpression. However, PALMD did not affect the proliferation of UM cells. In addition, ZNF263 promoted the transcription of PALMD through the putative binding sequence using the JASPAR database, luciferase reporter gene analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. In summary, the expression of PALMD regulated by ZNF263 plays an important role in UM metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yun Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Li Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Jiangong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
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10
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Wang S, Yu H, Gao J, Chen J, He P, Zhong H, Tan X, Staines KA, Macrae VE, Fu X, Jiang L, Zhu D. PALMD regulates aortic valve calcification via altered glycolysis and NF-κB-mediated inflammation. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101887. [PMID: 35367413 PMCID: PMC9065630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association and transcriptome-wide association studies have identified an association between the PALMD locus, encoding palmdelphin, a protein involved in myoblast differentiation, and calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). Nevertheless, the function and underlying mechanisms of PALMD in CAVD remain unclear. We herein investigated whether and how PALMD affects the pathogenesis of CAVD using clinical samples from CAVD patients and a human valve interstitial cell (hVIC) in vitro calcification model. We showed that PALMD was upregulated in calcified regions of human aortic valves and calcified hVICs. Furthermore, silencing of PALMD reduced hVIC in vitro calcification, osteogenic differentiation, and apoptosis, whereas overexpression of PALMD had the opposite effect. RNA-Seq of PALMD-depleted hVICs revealed that silencing of PALMD reduced glycolysis and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)–mediated inflammation in hVICs and attenuated tumor necrosis factor α–induced monocyte adhesion to hVICs. Having established the role of PALMD in hVIC glycolysis, we examined whether glycolysis itself could regulate hVIC osteogenic differentiation and inflammation. Intriguingly, the inhibition of PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis significantly attenuated osteogenic differentiation and inflammation of hVICs. However, silencing of PFKFB3 inhibited PALMD-induced hVIC inflammation, but not osteogenic differentiation. Finally, we showed that the overexpression of PALMD enhanced hVIC osteogenic differentiation and inflammation, as opposed to glycolysis, through the activation of NF-κB. The present study demonstrates that the genome-wide association– and transcriptome-wide association–identified CAVD risk gene PALMD may promote CAVD development through regulation of glycolysis and NF-κB–mediated inflammation. We propose that targeting PALMD-mediated glycolysis may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for treating CAVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongjiao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pengcheng He
- Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, and Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Katherine A Staines
- Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Vicky E Macrae
- Functional Genetics and Development, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lei Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, and Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Dongxing Zhu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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11
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Park JS, Yang S, Hwang SH, Choi J, Kwok SK, Kong YY, Youn J, Cho ML, Park SH. B cell-specific deletion of Crif1 drives lupus-like autoimmunity by activation of IL-17, IL-6, and pathogenic Tfh cells. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74:1211-1222. [PMID: 35166061 DOI: 10.1002/art.42091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE CR6-interacting factor 1 (Crif1) is a nuclear transcriptional regulator and a mitochondrial inner membrane protein; however, its functions in B lymphocytes have been poorly defined. In this study, we investigated the effects of Crif1 on B-cell metabolic regulation, cell function, and autoimmune diseases. METHODS Using mice with B cell-specific deletion of Crif1 (Crif1ΔCD19 ), we assessed the relevance of Crif1 function for lupus disease parameters including anti-double-stranded DNA, cytokines, and kidney pathology. RNA sequencing was performed on B cells from Crif1ΔCD19 mice. The phenotypic and metabolic changes in immune cells were evaluated in Crif1ΔCD19 mice. Roquinsan/+ mice crossed with Crif1ΔCD19 mice were monitored to assess the functionality of Crif1-deficient B cells in lupus development. RESULTS Crif1ΔCD19 mice showed an autoimmune lupus-like phenotype, including high levels of autoantibodies to double-stranded DNA and severe lupus nephritis with increased mesangial hypercellularity. While loss of Crif1 in B cells showed impaired mitochondrial oxidative function, Crif1-deficient B cells promoted the production of IL-17 and IL-6 and was more potent in helping T cells develop into T follicular helper cells. In an autoimmune lupus mouse model, depletion of Crif1 in B cells exacerbated lupus severity and Crif1 overexpression prevented lupus development in Roquinsan/san mice. CONCLUSION These results showed that Crif1 was negatively correlated with disease severity, and overexpression of Crif1 ameliorated disease development. Our findings suggest that Crif1 is essential for preventing lupus development by maintaining B cell self-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sil Park
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SeungCheon Yang
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Hwang
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JeongWon Choi
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kwok
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Divison of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Yun Kong
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehee Youn
- Laboratory of Autoimmunology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Mi-La Cho
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Lifescience, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Divison of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Sáinz-Jaspeado M, Smith RO, Plunde O, Pawelzik SC, Jin Y, Nordling S, Ding Y, Aspenström P, Hedlund M, Bastianello G, Ascione F, Li Q, Demir CS, Fernando D, Daniel G, Franco-Cereceda A, Kroon J, Foiani M, Petrova TV, Kilimann MW, Bäck M, Claesson-Welsh L. Palmdelphin Regulates Nuclear Resilience to Mechanical Stress in the Endothelium. Circulation 2021; 144:1629-1645. [PMID: 34636652 PMCID: PMC8589083 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.054182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. PALMD (palmdelphin) belongs to the family of paralemmin proteins implicated in cytoskeletal regulation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the PALMD locus that result in reduced expression are strong risk factors for development of calcific aortic valve stenosis and predict severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Sáinz-Jaspeado
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Ross O Smith
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Oscar Plunde
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Sweden (O.P., S.-C.P., M.B.)
| | - Sven-Christian Pawelzik
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Sweden (O.P., S.-C.P., M.B.)
| | - Yi Jin
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Sofia Nordling
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Yindi Ding
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Pontus Aspenström
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Marie Hedlund
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Giulia Bastianello
- IFOM-FIRC (institute of molecular oncology - Fondazione italiana per la ricerca sul cancro), Milano, Italy (G.B., F.A., Q.L., M.F.).,University of Milan, Italy (G.B., M.F.)
| | - Flora Ascione
- IFOM-FIRC (institute of molecular oncology - Fondazione italiana per la ricerca sul cancro), Milano, Italy (G.B., F.A., Q.L., M.F.)
| | - Qingsen Li
- IFOM-FIRC (institute of molecular oncology - Fondazione italiana per la ricerca sul cancro), Milano, Italy (G.B., F.A., Q.L., M.F.)
| | - Cansaran Saygili Demir
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland (C.S.D., T.V.P.).,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Switzerland (C.S.D., T.V.P.)
| | - Dinesh Fernando
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala (D.F., G.D.)
| | - Geoffrey Daniel
- Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala (D.F., G.D.)
| | - Anders Franco-Cereceda
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (A.F.-C.)
| | - Jeffrey Kroon
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, The Netherlands (J.K.)
| | - Marco Foiani
- IFOM-FIRC (institute of molecular oncology - Fondazione italiana per la ricerca sul cancro), Milano, Italy (G.B., F.A., Q.L., M.F.).,University of Milan, Italy (G.B., M.F.)
| | - Tatiana V Petrova
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland (C.S.D., T.V.P.).,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Switzerland (C.S.D., T.V.P.)
| | - Manfred W Kilimann
- Department of Neuroscience (M.W.K.), Uppsala University, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany (M.W.K.)
| | - Magnus Bäck
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Sweden (O.P., S.-C.P., M.B.)
| | - Lena Claesson-Welsh
- Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratories, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (M.S.-J., R.O.S., Y.J., S.N., Y.D., P.A., M.H., L.C.-W.), Uppsala University, Sweden
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13
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Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease sits at the confluence of multiple world-wide epidemics of aging, obesity, diabetes, and renal dysfunction, and its prevalence is expected to nearly triple over the next 3 decades. This is of particularly dire clinical relevance, as calcific aortic valve disease can progress rapidly to aortic stenosis, heart failure, and eventually premature death. Unlike in atherosclerosis, and despite the heavy clinical toll, to date, no pharmacotherapy has proven effective to halt calcific aortic valve disease progression, with invasive and costly aortic valve replacement representing the only treatment option currently available. This substantial gap in care is largely because of our still-limited understanding of both normal aortic valve biology and the key regulatory mechanisms that drive disease initiation and progression. Drug discovery is further hampered by the inherent intricacy of the valvular microenvironment: a unique anatomic structure, a complex mixture of dynamic biomechanical forces, and diverse and multipotent cell populations collectively contributing to this currently intractable problem. One promising and rapidly evolving tactic is the application of multiomics approaches to fully define disease pathogenesis. Herein, we summarize the application of (epi)genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics to the study of valvular heart disease. We also discuss recent forays toward the omics-based characterization of valvular (patho)biology at single-cell resolution; these efforts promise to shed new light on cellular heterogeneity in healthy and diseased valvular tissues and represent the potential to efficaciously target and treat key cell subpopulations. Last, we discuss systems biology- and network medicine-based strategies to extract meaning, mechanisms, and prioritized drug targets from multiomics datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C. Blaser
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, CH
| | - Thomas F. Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, CH
- Heart Division, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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14
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Association of MicroRNA-21 with p53 at Mutant Sites R175H and R248Q, Clinicopathological Features, and Prognosis of NSCLC. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 19:208-217. [PMID: 33251333 PMCID: PMC7666326 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association of miRNA-21 with mutant p53 expression, prognosis, interaction, and clinicopathological features of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Tissue specimens from 200 NSCLC patients were collected for qRT-PCR analysis of miR-21 and p53 expression, and p53 mutations were analyzed by Sanger sequencing. NSCLC cell lines were used to determine the effects of miR-21 knockdown on cell viability, cell cycle distribution, and p53 expression. We found that miR-21 expression was upregulated in NSCLC tissues, which was associated with an increase in p53 mRNA levels and with advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages and lymph node metastasis. The most common mutant sites of p53 in NSCLC were R175H and R248Q. Moreover, elevated miR-21 and p53 expression levels were associated with shorter overall survival. Knockdown of miR-21 reduced NSCLC cell viability, arrested NSCLC cells at the G0-to-G1 phase of the cell cycle, and downregulated mutant p53 mRNA levels and phosphorylated p53 protein expression in A549 and H1650 cells compared to control cells. miR-21 is associated p53 at mutant sites R175H and R248Q, which seems not to be oncogenic, as it is being reported, since in a normal cell, without a mutated p53, it will probably have a protective role.
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15
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Guo CH, Hsia S, Chung CH, Lin YC, Shih MY, Chen PC, Peng CL, Henning SM, Hsu GSW, Li Z. Nutritional supplements in combination with chemotherapy or targeted therapy reduces tumor progression in mice bearing triple-negative breast cancer. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 87:108504. [PMID: 32956826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The potential anti-cancer properties of selenium (Se) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)/docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been documented. However, few studies have been conducted examining anti-tumor effects of nutritional supplements (NS) containing Se and EPA/DHA in combination with anti-cancer agents, such as taxol (Tax), adriamycin (Adr), and avastin (Ava). Compared with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)-bearing positive control (TB) mice, a low dose of Tax, Adr, and Ava decreased tumor size and the incidence of metastasis in TB-Tax, TB-Adr, and TB-Ava groups. Combination treatment with anti-cancer agent and NS (2.7 μg Se and 5.1 mg EPA/3.7 mg DHA/g) induced additional decreases in TB-Tax-NS, TB-Adr-NS, and TB-Ava-NS groups. Th1-associated cytokines were increased, and Th2-type cytokines were decreased significantly in TB mice with combination treatment than that of anti-cancer agent treatment alone. Combination treatment with anti-cancer agents and NS has also been shown to further increased tumor malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, lowered hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, angiogenic markers (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] and CD31) and metastatic potential, as well as reduced heat shock proteins, receptor tyrosine kinase AXL, and surface markers of cancer stem cells, and increased apoptotic proteins. For immune checkpoint molecules, combination treatment was associated with a greater decrease in programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in both tumors and mammary glands, but PD-1 level in primary tumors was increased. Our results suggest that combination treatment with low-dose anti-cancer agents (Tax, Adr, and Ava) and oral supplementation of Se/ EPA/DHA significantly decreased tumor growth and metastatic progression in TNBC mice through multiple anti-tumor mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Guo
- Micronutrition and Biomedical Nutrition Lab, Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hung-Kuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan; Taiwan Nutraceutical Association, Taipei 105, Taiwan.
| | - Simon Hsia
- Taiwan Nutraceutical Association, Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | | | - Yi-Chun Lin
- Taiwan Nutraceutical Association, Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yi Shih
- Taiwan Nutraceutical Association, Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | | | - Chia-Lin Peng
- Taiwan Nutraceutical Association, Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | - Susanne M Henning
- UCLA Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Guoo-Shyng W Hsu
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Zhaoping Li
- UCLA Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
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16
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Sammons MA, Nguyen TAT, McDade SS, Fischer M. Tumor suppressor p53: from engaging DNA to target gene regulation. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:8848-8869. [PMID: 32797160 PMCID: PMC7498329 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 transcription factor confers its potent tumor suppressor functions primarily through the regulation of a large network of target genes. The recent explosion of next generation sequencing protocols has enabled the study of the p53 gene regulatory network (GRN) and underlying mechanisms at an unprecedented depth and scale, helping us to understand precisely how p53 controls gene regulation. Here, we discuss our current understanding of where and how p53 binds to DNA and chromatin, its pioneer-like role, and how this affects gene regulation. We provide an overview of the p53 GRN and the direct and indirect mechanisms through which p53 affects gene regulation. In particular, we focus on delineating the ubiquitous and cell type-specific network of regulatory elements that p53 engages; reviewing our understanding of how, where, and when p53 binds to DNA and the mechanisms through which these events regulate transcription. Finally, we discuss the evolution of the p53 GRN and how recent work has revealed remarkable differences between vertebrates, which are of particular importance to cancer researchers using mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan A Sammons
- Department of Biological Sciences and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Thuy-Ai T Nguyen
- Genome Integrity & Structural Biology Laboratory and Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Institutes of Health, 111 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Simon S McDade
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Martin Fischer
- Computational Biology Group, Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Beutenbergstraße 11, 07745 Jena, Germany
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17
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Li Z, Gaudreault N, Arsenault BJ, Mathieu P, Bossé Y, Thériault S. Phenome-wide analyses establish a specific association between aortic valve PALMD expression and calcific aortic valve stenosis. Commun Biol 2020; 3:477. [PMID: 32859967 PMCID: PMC7455695 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01210-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is a frequent heart disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Recent genomic studies have identified a locus near the gene PALMD (palmdelphin) strongly associated with CAVS. Here, we show that genetically-determined expression of PALMD in the aortic valve is inversely associated with CAVS, with a stronger effect in women, in a meta-analysis of two large cohorts totaling 2359 cases and 350,060 controls. We further demonstrate the specificity of this relationship by showing the absence of other significant association between the genetically-determined expression of PALMD in 9 tissues and 852 phenotypes. Using genome-wide association studies meta-analyses of cardiovascular traits, we identify a significant colocalized positive association between genetically-determined expression of PALMD in four non-cardiac tissues (brain anterior cingulate cortex, esophagus muscularis, tibial nerve and subcutaneous adipose tissue) and atrial fibrillation. The present work further establishes PALMD as a promising molecular target for CAVS. Zhonglin Li et al. perform phenome-wide analyses to explore the genetic association between the locus near PALMD and calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). Using previously reported aortic valve expression data and genotypes from large cohorts, they find a strong and specific association between genetically-determined PALMD expression in the aortic valve and CAVS as well as a novel association with atrial fibrillation in non-cardiac tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglin Li
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Nathalie Gaudreault
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Benoit J Arsenault
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Patrick Mathieu
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sébastien Thériault
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada. .,Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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18
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Andersson C, Lin H, Liu C, Levy D, Mitchell GF, Larson MG, Vasan RS. Integrated Multiomics Approach to Identify Genetic Underpinnings of Heart Failure and Its Echocardiographic Precursors. CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2019; 12:e002489. [DOI: 10.1161/circgen.118.002489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Heart failure (HF) may arise from alterations in metabolic, structural, and signaling pathways, but its genetic architecture is incompletely understood. To elucidate potential genetic contributors to cardiac remodeling and HF, we integrated genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms, gene expression, and DNA methylation using a transomics analytical approach.
Methods:
We used robust rank aggregation (where the position of a certain gene in a rank order list [based on statistical significance level] is tested against a randomly shuffled rank order list) to derive an integrative transomic score for each annotated gene associated with a HF trait.
Results:
We evaluated ≤8372 FHS (Framingham Heart Study) participants (54% women; mean age, 55±17 years). Of these, 62 (0.7%) and 35 (0.4%) had prevalent HF with reduced ejection fraction and HF with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, respectively. During a mean follow-up of 8.5 years (minimum–maximum, 0.005–18.6 years), 223 (2.7%) and 234 (2.8%) individuals developed incident HF with reduced ejection fraction and HF with reduced ejection fraction, respectively. Top genes included
MMP20
and
MTSS1
(promotes actin assembly at intercellular junctions) for left ventricular systolic function;
ITGA9
(receptor for
VCAM1
[vascular cell protein 1]) and
C5
for left ventricular remodeling;
NUP210
(expressed during myogenic differentiation) and
ANK1
(cytoskeletal protein) for diastolic function;
TSPAN16
and
RAB11FIP3
(involved in regulation of actin cytoskeleton) for prevalent HF with reduced ejection fraction;
ANKRD13D
and
TRIM69
for incident HF with reduced ejection fraction;
HPCAL1
and
PTTG1IP
for prevalent HF with reduced ejection fraction; and
ZNF146
(close to the
COX7A1
enzyme) and
ZFP3
(close to
SLC52A1
—the riboflavin transporter) for incident HF with reduced ejection fraction. We tested the HF-related top single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the UK biobank, where
rs77059055
in
TPM1
(minor allele frequency, 0.023; odds ratio, 0.83;
P
=0.002) remained statistically significant upon Bonferroni correction.
Conclusions:
Our integrative transomics approach offers insights into potential molecular and genetic contributors to HF and its precursors. Although several of our candidate genes have been implicated in HF in animal models, independent replication is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Andersson
- Framingham Heart Study, MA (C.A., H.L., C.L., D.L., M.G.L., R.S.V.)
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark (C.A.)
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Framingham Heart Study, MA (C.A., H.L., C.L., D.L., M.G.L., R.S.V.)
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine (H.L.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Framingham Heart Study, MA (C.A., H.L., C.L., D.L., M.G.L., R.S.V.)
- Department of Biostatistics (C.L., M.G.L.), Boston University School of Public Health, MA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Framingham Heart Study, MA (C.A., H.L., C.L., D.L., M.G.L., R.S.V.)
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (D.L.)
| | | | - Martin G. Larson
- Framingham Heart Study, MA (C.A., H.L., C.L., D.L., M.G.L., R.S.V.)
- Department of Biostatistics (C.L., M.G.L.), Boston University School of Public Health, MA
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- Framingham Heart Study, MA (C.A., H.L., C.L., D.L., M.G.L., R.S.V.)
- Sections of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology and Cardiology, Department of Medicine (R.S.V.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA
- Department of Epidemiology (R.S.V.), Boston University School of Public Health, MA
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19
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Leferink PS, Dooves S, Hillen AEJ, Watanabe K, Jacobs G, Gasparotto L, Cornelissen-Steijger P, van der Knaap MS, Heine VM. Astrocyte Subtype Vulnerability in Stem Cell Models of Vanishing White Matter. Ann Neurol 2019; 86:780-792. [PMID: 31433864 PMCID: PMC6856690 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective Astrocytes have gained attention as important players in neurological disease. In line with their heterogeneous character, defects in specific astrocyte subtypes have been identified. Leukodystrophy vanishing white matter (VWM) shows selective vulnerability in white matter astrocytes, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Induced pluripotent stem cell technology is being extensively explored in studies of pathophysiology and regenerative medicine. However, models for distinct astrocyte subtypes for VWM are lacking, thereby hampering identification of disease‐specific pathways. Methods Here, we characterize human and mouse pluripotent stem cell–derived gray and white matter astrocyte subtypes to generate an in vitro VWM model. We examined morphology and functionality, and used coculture methods, high‐content microscopy, and RNA sequencing to study VWM cultures. Results We found intrinsic vulnerability in specific astrocyte subpopulations in VWM. When comparing VWM and control cultures, white matter–like astrocytes inhibited oligodendrocyte maturation, and showed affected pathways in both human and mouse cultures, involving the immune system and extracellular matrix. Interestingly, human white matter–like astrocytes presented additional, human‐specific disease mechanisms, such as neuronal and mitochondrial functioning. Interpretation Astrocyte subtype cultures revealed disease‐specific pathways in VWM. Cross‐validation of human‐ and mouse‐derived protocols identified human‐specific disease aspects. This study provides new insights into VWM disease mechanisms, which helps the development of in vivo regenerative applications, and we further present strategies to study astrocyte subtype vulnerability in neurological disease. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:780–792
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Affiliation(s)
- Prisca S Leferink
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stephanie Dooves
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anne E J Hillen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kyoko Watanabe
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerbren Jacobs
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa Gasparotto
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paulien Cornelissen-Steijger
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjo S van der Knaap
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vivi M Heine
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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20
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Yogosawa S, Yoshida K. Tumor suppressive role for kinases phosphorylating p53 in DNA damage-induced apoptosis. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3376-3382. [PMID: 30191640 PMCID: PMC6215896 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 plays an important role in cancer prevention. Under normal conditions, p53 is maintained at a low level. However, in response to various cellular stresses, p53 is stabilized and activated, which, in turn, initiates DNA repair, cell-cycle arrest, senescence and apoptosis. Post-translational modifications of p53 including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and acetylation at multiple sites are important to regulate its activation and subsequent transcriptional gene expression. Particularly, phosphorylation of p53 plays a critical role in modulating its activation to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. In this context, previous studies show that several serine/threonine kinases regulate p53 phosphorylation and downstream gene expression. The molecular basis by which p53 and its kinases induce apoptosis for cancer prevention has been extensively studied. However, the relationship between p53 phosphorylation and its kinases and how the activity of kinases is controlled are still largely unclear; hence, they need to be investigated. In this review, we discuss various roles for p53 phosphorylation and its responsible kinases to induce apoptosis and a new therapeutic approach in a broad range of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Yogosawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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A transcriptome-wide association study identifies PALMD as a susceptibility gene for calcific aortic valve stenosis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:988. [PMID: 29511167 PMCID: PMC5840407 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03260-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is a common and life-threatening heart disease and the current treatment options cannot stop or delay its progression. A GWAS on 1009 cases and 1017 ethnically matched controls was combined with a large-scale eQTL mapping study of human aortic valve tissues (n = 233) to identify susceptibility genes for CAVS. Replication was performed in the UK Biobank, including 1391 cases and 352,195 controls. A transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) reveals PALMD (palmdelphin) as significantly associated with CAVS. The CAVS risk alleles and increasing disease severity are both associated with decreased mRNA expression levels of PALMD in valve tissues. The top variant identified shows a similar effect and strong association with CAVS (P = 1.53 × 10−10) in UK Biobank. The identification of PALMD as a susceptibility gene for CAVS provides insights into the genetic nature of this disease, opens avenues to investigate its etiology and to develop much-needed therapeutic options. Progressive remodeling and calcification of the aortic valve leads to calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) and, ultimately, heart failure. In a combined GWAS and TWAS approach, Thériault et al. identify PALMD as a candidate causal gene for CAVS, which is further supported by Mendelian randomization.
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22
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Regina C, Compagnone M, Peschiaroli A, Lena A, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Piro MC, Melino G, Candi E. Setdb1, a novel interactor of ΔNp63, is involved in breast tumorigenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:28836-48. [PMID: 26840455 PMCID: PMC5045360 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ΔNp63 has been recently involved in self-renewal potential of breast cancer stem cells. Although the p63 transcriptional profile has been extensively characterized, our knowledge of the p63-binding partners potentially involved in the regulation of breast tumour progression is limited. Here, we performed the yeast two hybrid approach to identify p63α interactors involved in breast tumorigenesis and we found that SETDB1, a histone lysine methyl transferases, interacts with ΔNp63α and that this interaction contributes to p63 protein stability. SETDB1 is often amplified in primary breast tumours, and its depletion confers to breast cancer cells growth disadvantage. We identified a list of thirty genes repressed by ΔNp63 in a SETDB1-dependent manner, whose expression is positively correlated to survival of breast cancer patients. These results suggest that p63 and SETDB1 expression, together with the repressed genes, may have diagnostic and prognostic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Regina
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Mirco Compagnone
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | | | - AnnaMaria Lena
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Cristina Piro
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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23
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Agostini M, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Melino G, Rufini A. Metabolic pathways regulated by TAp73 in response to oxidative stress. Oncotarget 2017; 7:29881-900. [PMID: 27119504 PMCID: PMC5058650 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species are involved in both physiological and pathological processes including neurodegeneration and cancer. Therefore, cells have developed scavenging mechanisms to maintain redox homeostasis under control. Tumor suppressor genes play a critical role in the regulation of antioxidant genes. Here, we investigated whether the tumor suppressor gene TAp73 is involved in the regulation of metabolic adaptations triggered in response to oxidative stress. H2O2 treatment resulted in numerous biochemical changes in both control and TAp73 knockout (TAp73−/−) mouse embryonic fibroblasts, however the extent of these changes was more pronounced in TAp73−/− cells when compared to control cells. In particular, loss of TAp73 led to alterations in glucose, nucleotide and amino acid metabolism. In addition, H2O2 treatment resulted in increased pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activity in null mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Overall, our results suggest that in the absence of TAp73, H2O2 treatment results in an enhanced oxidative environment, and at the same time in an increased pro-anabolic phenotype. In conclusion, the metabolic profile observed reinforces the role of TAp73 as tumor suppressor and indicates that TAp73 exerts this function, at least partially, by regulation of cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Agostini
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester, UK.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gerry Melino
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester, UK.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rufini
- Department of Cancer Studies, CRUK Leicester Cancer Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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24
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p73 promotes glioblastoma cell invasion by directly activating POSTN (periostin) expression. Oncotarget 2017; 7:11785-802. [PMID: 26930720 PMCID: PMC4914248 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma Multiforme is one of the most highly metastatic cancers and constitutes 70% of all gliomas. Despite aggressive treatments these tumours have an exceptionally bad prognosis, mainly due to therapy resistance and tumour recurrence. Here we show that the transcription factor p73 confers an invasive phenotype by directly activating expression of POSTN (periostin, HGNC:16953) in glioblastoma cells. Knock down of endogenous p73 reduces invasiveness and chemo-resistance, and promotes differentiation in vitro. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation and reporter assays we demonstrate that POSTN, an integrin binding protein that has recently been shown to play a major role in metastasis, is a transcriptional target of TAp73. We further show that POSTN overexpression is sufficient to rescue the invasive phenotype of glioblastoma cells after p73 knock down. Additionally, bioinformatics analysis revealed that an intact p73/POSTN axis, where POSTN and p73 expression is correlated, predicts bad prognosis in several cancer types. Taken together, our results support a novel role of TAp73 in controlling glioblastoma cell invasion by regulating the expression of the matricellular protein POSTN.
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25
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Marini A, Lena AM, Panatta E, Ivan C, Han L, Liang H, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Di Daniele N, Calin GA, Candi E, Melino G. Ultraconserved long non-coding RNA uc.63 in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:35669-35680. [PMID: 27447964 PMCID: PMC5482607 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcribed-ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs) are long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) encoded by a subset of long ultraconserved stretches in the human genome. Recent studies revealed that the expression of several T-UCRs is altered in cancer and growing evidences underline the importance of T-UCRs in oncogenesis, offering also potential new strategies for diagnosis and prognosis. We found that overexpression of one specific T-UCRs named uc.63 is associated with bad outcome in luminal A subtype of breast cancer patients. uc.63 is localized in the third intron of exportin-1 gene (XPO1) and is transcribed in the same orientation of its host gene. Interestingly, silencing of uc.63 induces apoptosis in vitro. However, silencing of host gene XPO1 does not cause the same effect suggesting that the transcription of uc.63 is independent of XPO1. Our results reveal an important role of uc.63 in promoting breast cancer cells survival and offer the prospect to identify a signature associated with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Marini
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Anna Maria Lena
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Panatta
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics and The Center for RNA interference and non-coding RNA, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Leng Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Nicola Di Daniele
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics and The Center for RNA interference and non-coding RNA, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- IDI-IRCCS, Biochemistry Laboratory, Rome, Italy
| | - Gerry Melino
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
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26
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Luo Q, Beaver JM, Liu Y, Zhang Z. Dynamics of p53: A Master Decider of Cell Fate. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8020066. [PMID: 28208785 PMCID: PMC5333055 DOI: 10.3390/genes8020066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular stress-induced temporal alterations—i.e., dynamics—are typically exemplified by the dynamics of p53 that serve as a master to determine cell fate. p53 dynamics were initially identified as the variations of p53 protein levels. However, a growing number of studies have shown that p53 dynamics are also manifested in variations in the activity, spatial location, and posttranslational modifications of p53 proteins, as well as the interplay among all p53 dynamical features. These are essential in determining a specific outcome of cell fate. In this review, we discuss the importance of the multifaceted features of p53 dynamics and their roles in the cell fate decision process, as well as their potential applications in p53-based cancer therapy. The review provides new insights into p53 signaling pathways and their potentials in the development of new strategies in p53-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyin Luo
- Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, Sichuan University West China School of Public Health, Chengdu 610041, China.
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.
| | - Jill M Beaver
- Biochemistry Ph.D. Program, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Yuan Liu
- Biochemistry Ph.D. Program, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, School of Integrated Sciences and Humanity, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Zunzhen Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, Sichuan University West China School of Public Health, Chengdu 610041, China.
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27
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Palmdelphin promotes myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41608. [PMID: 28148961 PMCID: PMC5288731 DOI: 10.1038/srep41608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of myoblasts is essential in the development and regeneration of skeletal muscles to form multinucleated, contractile muscle fibers. However, the process of myoblast differentiation in mammals is complicated and requires to be further investigated. In this study, we found Palmdelphin (Palmd), a cytosolic protein, promotes myoblast differentiation. Palmd is predominantly expressed in the cytosol of myoblasts and is gradually up-regulated after differentiation. Knockdown of Palmd by small interfering RNA (siRNA) in C2C12 markedly inhibits myogenic differentiation, suggesting a specific role of Palmd in the morphological changes of myoblast differentiation program. Overexpression of Palmd in C2C12 enhances myogenic differentiation. Remarkably, inhibition of Palmd results in impaired myotube formation during muscle regeneration after injury. These findings reveal a new cytosolic protein that promotes mammalian myoblast differentiation and provide new insights into the molecular regulation of muscle formation.
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28
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Differential regulated microRNA by wild type and mutant p53 in induced pluripotent stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2567. [PMID: 28032868 PMCID: PMC5260988 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The tumour suppressor p53 plays an important role in somatic cell reprogramming. While wild-type p53 reduces reprogramming efficiency, mutant p53 exerts a gain of function activity that leads to increased reprogramming efficiency. Furthermore, induced pluripotent stem cells expressing mutant p53 lose their pluripotency in vivo and form malignant tumours when injected in mice. It is therefore of great interest to identify targets of p53 (wild type and mutant) that are responsible for this phenotype during reprogramming, as these could be exploited for therapeutic use, that is, formation of induced pluripotent stem cells with high reprogramming efficiency, but no oncogenic potential. Here we studied the transcriptional changes of microRNA in a series of mouse embryonic fibroblasts that have undergone transition to induced pluripotent stem cells with wild type, knock out or mutant p53 status in order to identify microRNAs whose expression during reprogramming is dependent on p53. We identified a number of microRNAs, with known functions in differentiation and carcinogenesis, the expression of which was dependent on the p53 status of the cells. Furthermore, we detected several uncharacterised microRNAs that were regulated differentially in the different p53 backgrounds, suggesting a novel role of these microRNAs in reprogramming and pluripotency.
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29
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Martínez-Montes AM, Fernández A, Pérez-Montarelo D, Alves E, Benítez RM, Nuñez Y, Óvilo C, Ibañez-Escriche N, Folch JM, Fernández AI. Using RNA-Seq SNP data to reveal potential causal mutations related to pig production traits and RNA editing. Anim Genet 2016; 48:151-165. [PMID: 27642173 DOI: 10.1111/age.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
RNA-Seq technology is widely used in quantitative gene expression studies and identification of non-annotated transcripts. However this technology also can be used for polymorphism detection and RNA editing in transcribed regions in an efficient and cost-effective way. This study used SNP data from an RNA-Seq assay to identify genes and mutations underlying production trait variations in an experimental pig population. The hypothalamic and hepatic transcriptomes of nine extreme animals for growth and fatness from an (Iberian × Landrace) × Landrace backcross were analyzed by RNA-Seq methodology, and SNP calling was conducted. More than 125 000 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were identified in each tissue, and 78% were considered to be potential SNPs, those SNVs segregating in the context of this study. Potential informative SNPs were detected by considering those showing a homozygous or heterozygous genotype in one extreme group and the alternative genotype in the other group. In this way, 4396 and 1862 informative SNPs were detected in hypothalamus and liver respectively. Out of the 32 SNPs selected for validation, 25 (80%) were confirmed as actual SNPs. Association analyses for growth, fatness and premium cut yields with 19 selected SNPs were carried out, and four potential causal genes (RETSAT, COPA, RNMT and PALMD) were identified. Interestingly, new RNA editing modifications were detected and validated for the NR3C1:g.102797 (ss1985401074) and ACSM2B:g.13374 (ss1985401075) positions and for the COG3:g3.4525 (ss1985401087) modification previously identified across vertebrates, which could lead to phenotypic variation and should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Martínez-Montes
- Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Ctra. de la Coruña km. 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Fernández
- Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Ctra. de la Coruña km. 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Pérez-Montarelo
- Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Ctra. de la Coruña km. 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Alves
- Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Ctra. de la Coruña km. 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - R M Benítez
- Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Ctra. de la Coruña km. 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Y Nuñez
- Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Ctra. de la Coruña km. 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Óvilo
- Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Ctra. de la Coruña km. 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Ibañez-Escriche
- Genètica i Millora Animal, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologies Agroalimentàries, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - J M Folch
- Genètica Animal, Centre de Recerca en Agrigenòmica (CRAG), Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.,Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A I Fernández
- Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Ctra. de la Coruña km. 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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30
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Bongiorno-Borbone L, Giacobbe A, Compagnone M, Eramo A, De Maria R, Peschiaroli A, Melino G. Anti-tumoral effect of desmethylclomipramine in lung cancer stem cells. Oncotarget 2016. [PMID: 26219257 PMCID: PMC4627282 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most feared of all cancers because of its heterogeneity and resistance to available treatments. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the cell population responsible for lung cancer chemoresistance and are a very good model for testing new targeted therapies. Clomipramine is an FDA-approved antidepressant drug, able to inhibit in vitro the E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch and potentiate the pro-apoptotic effects of DNA damaging induced agents in several cancer cell lines. Here, we investigated the potential therapeutic effect of desmethylclomipramine (DCMI), the active metabolite of Clomipramine, on the CSCs homeostasis. We show that DCMI inhibits lung CSCs growth, decreases their stemness potential and increases the cytotoxic effect of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs. Being DCMI an inhibitor of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch, we also verified the effect of Itch deregulation on CSCs survival. We found that the siRNA-mediated depletion of Itch induces similar anti-proliferative effects on lung CSCs, suggesting that DCMI might exert its effect, at least in part, by inhibiting Itch. Notably, Itch expression is a negative prognostic factor in two primary lung tumors datasets, supporting the potential clinical relevance of Itch inhibition to circumvent drug resistance in the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucilla Bongiorno-Borbone
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Giacobbe
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirco Compagnone
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier, Rome, Italy
| | - Adriana Eramo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier, Rome, Italy.,Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, Leicester University, Leicester, United Kingdom
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31
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Dashzeveg N, Yoshida K. Crosstalk between tumor suppressors p53 and PKCδ: Execution of the intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Cancer Lett 2016; 377:158-63. [PMID: 27130668 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
p53 and PKCδ are tumor suppressors that execute apoptotic mechanisms in response to various cellular stresses. p53 is a transcription factor that is frequently mutated in human cancers; it regulates apoptosis in transcription-dependent and -independent ways in response to genotoxic stresses. PKCδ is a serine/threonine protein kinase and mutated in human cancers. Available evidence shows that PKCδ activates p53 by direct and/or indirect mechanisms. Moreover, PKCδ is also implicated in the transcriptional regulation of p53 in response to DNA damage. Recent findings demonstrated that p53, in turn, binds onto the PKCδ promoter and induces its expression upon DNA damage to facilitate apoptosis. Both p53 and PKCδ are associated with the apoptotic mechanisms in the mitochondria by regulating Bcl-2 family proteins to provide mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization. This review discusses the crosstalk between p53 and PKCδ in the context of apoptotic cell death and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurmaa Dashzeveg
- Department of Biochemistry, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.
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32
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New in vitro biomarkers to detect toxicity in human placental cells: The example of benzo[A]pyrene. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 32:76-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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33
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Dashzeveg N, Yogosawa S, Yoshida K. Transcriptional induction of protein kinase C delta by p53 tumor suppressor in the apoptotic response to DNA damage. Cancer Lett 2016; 374:167-174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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34
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Velletri T, Xie N, Wang Y, Huang Y, Yang Q, Chen X, Chen Q, Shou P, Gan Y, Cao G, Melino G, Shi Y. P53 functional abnormality in mesenchymal stem cells promotes osteosarcoma development. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2015. [PMID: 26775693 PMCID: PMC4816167 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that p53 has a critical role in the differentiation and functionality of various multipotent progenitor cells. P53 mutations can lead to genome instability and subsequent functional alterations and aberrant transformation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The significance of p53 in safeguarding our body from developing osteosarcoma (OS) is well recognized. During bone remodeling, p53 has a key role in negatively regulating key factors orchestrating the early stages of osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Interestingly, changes in the p53 status can compromise bone homeostasis and affect the tumor microenvironment. This review aims to provide a unique opportunity to study the p53 function in MSCs and OS. In the context of loss of function of p53, we provide a model for two sources of OS: MSCs as progenitor cells of osteoblasts and bone tumor microenvironment components. Standing at the bone remodeling point of view, in this review we will first explain the determinant function of p53 in OS development. We will then summarize the role of p53 in monitoring MSC fidelity and in regulating MSC differentiation programs during osteogenesis. Finally, we will discuss the importance of loss of p53 function in tissue microenvironment. We expect that the information provided herein could lead to better understanding and treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Velletri
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - N Xie
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.,Biochemistry Laboratory IDI-IRCC, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Torvergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Y Wang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Y Huang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Q Yang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - X Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Q Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - P Shou
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Y Gan
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - G Cao
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - G Melino
- Biochemistry Laboratory IDI-IRCC, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Torvergata, Rome 00133, Italy.,Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Y Shi
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.,Soochow Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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35
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Nicolai S, Pieraccioli M, Peschiaroli A, Melino G, Raschellà G. Neuroblastoma: oncogenic mechanisms and therapeutic exploitation of necroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e2010. [PMID: 26633716 PMCID: PMC4720889 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial childhood tumor classified in five stages (1, 2, 3, 4 and 4S), two of which (3 and 4) identify chemotherapy-resistant, highly aggressive disease. High-risk NB frequently displays MYCN amplification, mutations in ALK and ATRX, and genomic rearrangements in TERT genes. These NB subtypes are also characterized by reduced susceptibility to programmed cell death induced by chemotherapeutic drugs. The latter feature is a major cause of failure in the treatment of advanced NB patients. Thus, proper reactivation of apoptosis or of other types of programmed cell death pathways in response to treatment is relevant for the clinical management of aggressive forms of NB. In this short review, we will discuss the most relevant genomic rearrangements that define high-risk NB and the role that destabilization of p53 and p73 can have in NB aggressiveness. In addition, we will propose a strategy to stabilize p53 and p73 by using specific inhibitors of their ubiquitin-dependent degradation. Finally, we will introduce necroptosis as an alternative strategy to kill NB cells and increase tumor immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nicolai
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - M Pieraccioli
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - A Peschiaroli
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), CNR, Via E. Ramarini 32, Rome 00015, Italy
| | - G Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, Rome 00133, Italy.,Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Hodgkin Building, Leicester University, Lancaster Road, PO Box 138, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - G Raschellà
- ENEA Research Center Casaccia, Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment, Via Anguillarese, 301, Rome 00123, Italy
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36
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The p53 tetramer shows an induced-fit interaction of the C-terminal domain with the DNA-binding domain. Oncogene 2015; 35:3272-81. [PMID: 26477317 PMCID: PMC4929483 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Trp53 gene is the most frequently mutated gene in all human cancers. Its protein product p53 is a very powerful transcription factor that can activate different biochemical pathways and affect the regulation of metabolism, senescence, DNA damage response, cell cycle and cell death. The understanding of its function at the molecular level could be of pivotal relevance for therapy. Investigation of long-range intra- and interdomain communications in the p53 tetramer–DNA complex was performed by means of an atomistic model that included the tetramerization helices in the C-terminal domain, the DNA-binding domains and a consensus DNA-binding site of 18 base pairs. Nonsymmetric dynamics are illustrated in the four DNA-binding domains, with loop L1 switching from inward to outward conformations with respect to the DNA major groove. Direct intra- and intermonomeric long-range communications between the tetramerization and DNA-binding domains are noted. These long-distance conformational changes link the C terminus with the DNA-binding domain and provide a biophysical rationale for the reported functional regulation of the p53 C-terminal region. A fine characterization of the DNA deformation caused by p53 binding is obtained, with ‘static' deformations always present and measured by the slide parameter in the central thymine–adenine base pairs; we also detect ‘dynamic' deformations switched on and off by particular p53 tetrameric conformations and measured by the roll and twist parameters in the same base pairs. These different conformations can indeed modulate the electrostatic potential isosurfaces of the whole p53–DNA complex. These results provide a molecular/biophysical understanding of the evident role of the C terminus in post-translational modification that regulates the transcriptional function of p53. Furthermore, the unstructured C terminus is able to facilitate contacts between the core DNA-binding domains of the tetramer.
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37
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Lei M, Xie W, Sun E, Sun Y, Tian D, Liu C, Han R, Li N, Liu M, Han R, Liu L. microRNA-21 Regulates Cell Proliferation and Migration and Cross Talk with PTEN and p53 in Bladder Cancer. DNA Cell Biol 2015; 34:626-32. [PMID: 26230405 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2015.2868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mingde Lei
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanqin Xie
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Erlin Sun
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Tian
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Han
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifa Han
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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38
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Petrova V, Mancini M, Agostini M, Knight RA, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Barlev NA, Melino G, Amelio I. TAp73 transcriptionally represses BNIP3 expression. Cell Cycle 2015; 14:2484-93. [PMID: 25950386 PMCID: PMC4612661 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1044178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
TAp73 is a tumor suppressor transcriptional factor, belonging to p53 family. Alteration of TAp73 in tumors might lead to reduced DNA damage response, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Carcinogen-induced TAp73(-/-) tumors display also increased angiogenesis, associated to hyperactivition of hypoxia inducible factor signaling. Here, we show that TAp73 suppresses BNIP3 expression, directly binding its gene promoter. BNIP3 is a hypoxia responsive protein, involved in a variety of cellular processes, such as autophagy, mitophagy, apoptosis and necrotic-like cell death. Therefore, through different cellular process altered expression of BNIP3 may differently contribute to cancer development and progression. We found a significant upregulation of BNIP3 in human lung cancer datasets, and we identified a direct association between BNIP3 expression and survival rate of lung cancer patients. Our data therefore provide a novel transcriptional target of TAp73, associated to its antagonistic role on HIF signaling in cancer, which might play a role in tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Petrova
- Medical Research Council; Toxicology Unit; Leicester University; Leicester, UK
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory; Saint-Petersburg Institute of Technology; Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mara Mancini
- Medical Research Council; Toxicology Unit; Leicester University; Leicester, UK
| | - Massimiliano Agostini
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery; University of Rome “Tor Vergata”; Rome, Italy
| | - Richard A Knight
- Medical Research Council; Toxicology Unit; Leicester University; Leicester, UK
| | | | - Nikolai A Barlev
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory; Saint-Petersburg Institute of Technology; Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Gene Expression Laboratory; Institute of Cytology; Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Gerry Melino
- Medical Research Council; Toxicology Unit; Leicester University; Leicester, UK
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory; Saint-Petersburg Institute of Technology; Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery; University of Rome “Tor Vergata”; Rome, Italy
- Biochemistry Laboratory IDI-IRCC; Rome, Italy
| | - Ivano Amelio
- Medical Research Council; Toxicology Unit; Leicester University; Leicester, UK
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39
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Dashzeveg N, Yoshida K. Cell death decision by p53 via control of the mitochondrial membrane. Cancer Lett 2015; 367:108-12. [PMID: 26231733 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is mutated in more than half of human cancers. Recent evidence has revealed that p53 not only regulates apoptosis but also regulates necrotic/necroptotic cell death via the mitochondria. The regulation of apoptosis by p53 is tightly connected to the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and the induction of and interaction with Bcl-2 family members. Interestingly, p53-mediated regulation of necrosis/necroptosis is correlated with mitochondrial permeabilization pore opening via interactions with CypD and Drp1. This review discusses the p53-regulating molecules that induce apoptosis or necrosis/necroptosis via the mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurmaa Dashzeveg
- Department of Biochemistry, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Kiyotsugu Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.
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40
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Fan H, Liu F, Dong G, Ren D, Xu Y, Dou J, Wang T, Sun L, Hou Y. Activation-induced necroptosis contributes to B-cell lymphopenia in active systemic lupus erythematosus. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1416. [PMID: 25210799 PMCID: PMC4225223 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
B-cell abnormality including excessive activation and lymphopenia is a central feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although activation threshold, auto-reaction and death of B cells can be affected by intrinsical and/or external signaling, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Herein, we demonstrate that co-activation of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and B-cell receptor (BCR) pathways is a core event for the survival/dead states of B cells in SLE. We found that the mortalities of CD19(+)CD27(-) and CD19(+)IgM(+) B-cell subsets were increased in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of SLE patients. The gene microarray analysis of CD19(+) B cells from active SLE patients showed that the differentially expressed genes were closely correlated to TLR7, BCR, apoptosis, necroptosis and immune pathways. We also found that co-activation of TLR7 and BCR could trigger normal B cells to take on SLE-like B-cell characters including the elevated viability, activation and proliferation in the first 3 days and necroptosis in the later days. Moreover, the necroptotic B cells exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction and hypoxia, along with the elevated expression of necroptosis-related genes, consistent with that in both SLE B-cell microarray and real-time PCR verification. Expectedly, pretreatment with the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) inhibitor Necrostatin-1, and not the apoptosis inhibitor zVAD, suppressed B-cell death. Importantly, B cells from additional SLE patients also significantly displayed high expression levels of necroptosis-related genes compared with those from healthy donors. These data indicate that co-activation of TLR7 and BCR pathways can promote B cells to hyperactivation and ultimately necroptosis. Our finding provides a new explanation on B-cell lymphopenia in active SLE patients. These data suggest that extrinsic factors may increase the intrinsical abnormality of B cells in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fan
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - F Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - G Dong
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - D Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Dou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - T Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, China
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