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Trevano FQ, Vela-Bernal S, Facchetti R, Cuspidi C, Mancia G, Grassi G. Habitual coffee consumption and office, home, and ambulatory blood pressure: results of a 10-year prospective study. J Hypertens 2024; 42:1094-1100. [PMID: 38646971 PMCID: PMC11064901 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Heterogeneous are the results of the published studies aimed at determining the long-term effects of habitual coffee consumption on blood pressure (BP). Specifically, no data are available on the longitudinal association between habitual coffee consumption and office, home and 24 h BP profile and variability. METHODS In 1408 subjects recruited in the Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate E Loro Associazioni (PAMELA) study, followed for a 10 year follow-up period and classified as coffee consumers and nonconsumers (self-reporting), we prospectically investigated the association between habitual coffee consumption and office, home and 24-h ambulatory BP; 24-h BP variability; and development of a new hypertensive state. Data were also analysed according to gender. RESULTS When data were adjusted for confounders habitual coffee nonconsumers and consumers displayed similar long-term BP changes during the follow-up in office, home, and ambulatory BP. No difference was found between heavy and moderate coffee consumers. Furthermore, also new-onset hypertension and patterns of BP variability were superimposable in coffee nonconsumers and consumers, independently on confounders including gender, number, and characteristics of the antihypertensive drug treatment. CONCLUSION The present study, which is the first longitudinal investigation never performed examining in a prospective fashion the long-term (10 year) effects of coffee consumption on office, home, and ambulatory BP, provides conclusive evidence that habitual coffee consumption is associated with neutral effects on in-office and out-of-office BP values and related variabilities. This is the also the case for the new-onset hypertensive state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fosca Quarti Trevano
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Vela-Bernal
- Cardiometabolic Risk and Diabetes Research Group, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute and Internal Medicine Hospital Clinico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rita Facchetti
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Guido Grassi
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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Rojas-Orduña E, Hernández-Carrión M, Gómez-Franco JD, Narváez-Cuenca CE, Sánchez-Camargo ADP. Utilization of red and yellow Coffea arabica var. Caturra pulp: macronutrient analysis, carotenoid extraction, and encapsulation for dairy product enrichment. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1231049. [PMID: 37720375 PMCID: PMC10501141 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1231049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the macronutrient and carotenoid content of red and yellow Coffea arabica var. Caturra pulp, a by-product of coffee processing in Colombia. The study employed ultra-sound-assisted extraction (UAE) to extract carotenoids, and a 23 factorial design was used to evaluate the effects of pulp color, biomass-solvent ratio, and solvent mixture composition on carotenoid content and extraction yield. The condition that provided the highest carotenoid extraction was further encapsulated by spray drying and added to a dairy product. The results showed that coffee pulp has significant dietary fiber content and high levels of carotenoids, with yellow pulp having a higher content than red pulp. Lutein isomers and lutein esters were the most abundant carotenoids found in both red and yellow coffee pulp. The highest carotenoid extraction was achieved using a 1:40 (g/mL) biomass:solvent ratio and a 20:80% v/v Ethanol:Ethyl Acetate solvent mixture for the yellow pulp. The carotenoid extract also demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency (46.57 ± 4.03%) and was found to be stable when added to a fermented milk product. This study presents an alternative solution for utilizing coffee by-products in Colombia, which could positively impact the families of over half a million Colombian coffee producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elkin Rojas-Orduña
- Group of Product and Process Design, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Hernández-Carrión
- Group of Product and Process Design, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan David Gómez-Franco
- Food Chemistry Research Group, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos-Eduardo Narváez-Cuenca
- Food Chemistry Research Group, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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Shah S, Cho IJ, Lee W, Pyun WB, Ha E. Coffee intake and hypertension in Korean adults: results from KNHANES 2012-2016. Clin Hypertens 2023; 29:20. [PMID: 37452364 PMCID: PMC10349480 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-023-00239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee is the most popular and widely consumed drink in the world. Coffee consumption seems to have both benefits and risk with respect to hypertension; results from studies evaluating effect of frequency of coffee consumption on risk of hypertension are mixed and inconsistent. Hence, we investigated the association of coffee consumption and hypertension in Korean adults. METHODS Data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2012-2016 was obtained and 12,133 eligible participants were selected. The coffee consumption was attained using a food frequency questionnaire. Subsequently coffee intake was grouped into two categories: ≤2 and > 2 servings per day. Hypertension status was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, use of antihypertensive drug treatment, or both. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association of coffee consumption and hypertension. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis showed that consumption of more than two servings of coffee a day was inversely associated with hypertension with odds ratio (OR) 0.84 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73-0.99). Similar results were seen in the propensity score-matched analysis (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.69-0.98). Adults having age more than median value (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.65-0.89) and normal cholesterol (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.70-0.99) had significantly inverse association with hypertension, when coffee consumption was more than two servings daily. CONCLUSIONS More than two servings of coffee intake per day was inversely associated with hypertension as compared to consumption of ≤ 2 servings coffee per day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Shah
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jeong Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Whanhee Lee
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, College of Information and Biomedical Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Wook Bum Pyun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunhee Ha
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Haghighatdoost F, Hajihashemi P, de Sousa Romeiro AM, Mohammadifard N, Sarrafzadegan N, de Oliveira C, Silveira EA. Coffee Consumption and Risk of Hypertension in Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3060. [PMID: 37447390 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The association between coffee intake and hypertension (HTN) risk is controversial. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at summarizing the current evidence on the association of coffee with hypertension risk in observational studies. METHODS PubMed/Medline and Web of Science were searched for observational studies up to February 2023. Observational studies which assessed the risk of HTN in the highest category of coffee consumption in comparison with the lowest intake were included in the current meta-analysis (registration number: CRD42022371494). The pooled effect of coffee on HTN was evaluated using a random-effects model. RESULTS Twenty-five studies i.e., thirteen cross-sectional studies and twelve cohorts were identified to be eligible. Combining 13 extracted effect sizes from cohort studies showed that higher coffee consumption was associated with 7% reduction in the risk of HTN (95% CI: 0.88, 0.97; I2: 22.3%), whereas combining 16 effect sizes from cross-sectional studies illustrated a greater reduction in HTN risk (RR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.87; I2 = 63.2%). These results varied by studies characteristics, such as the region of study, participants' sex, study quality, and sample size. CONCLUSIONS An inverse association was found between coffee consumption and hypertension risk in both cross-sectional and cohort studies. However, this association was dependent on studies characteristics. Further studies considering such factors are required to confirm the results of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran
| | - Parisa Hajihashemi
- Isfahan Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran
| | - Amanda Maria de Sousa Romeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, Brazil
| | - Noushin Mohammadifard
- Hypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, Brazil
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Lopuszanska-Dawid M. Trends in Health Behavior of Polish Women in 1986-2021: The Importance of Socioeconomic Status. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3964. [PMID: 36900975 PMCID: PMC10001600 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the last 35 years Poland has undergone a series of fundamental economic, social, and biological transformations. With the transition from a centrally planned to a free-market economy, a period of economic and social transformation, Poland's accession to the European Union, and the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, living conditions in the country have seen dramatic changes. The aim of this study was to assess whether there were changes in the basic health behaviors of Polish women, and if so, in what directions and with what strength, and whether there were differences in these changes depending on the socioeconomic status. Information on basic lifestyle factors (drinking alcohol, smoking, coffee drinking, and physical activity) and socioeconomic status (level of education, Gini coefficient, Gender Inequality Index, women total employment, employed women being in managerial positions, women among scientists) of 5806 women aged 40-50 years were analyzed. During the 1986-2021 period, based on the same methodology, team of technicians and research tools, six birth cohorts of women were examined in 1986, 1991, 1996, 2006, 2019 and 2021. Highly statistically significant changes were found in the frequencies of declared health behaviors from 1986-2021, according to the order of significance in coffee and alcohol consumption, physical activity levels, and smoking and smoking intensity. In subsequent cohorts, there were fewer and fewer women who did not drink coffee and alcohol, while more drank more than two cups of coffee a day and drank alcohol more often than 2× a week. Furthermore, they were more likely to be physically active, and slightly fewer were smokers. The lifestyles of the women were less likely to depend on their socio-economic status than the cohorts. In 1991 and 1996, there was a marked intensification of unhealthy behavior. Changes in the analyzed health behaviors may have been caused by adaptation to the high level of psychosocial stress observed during the transition of the 1986-2021 period and may result in changes in the biological condition and quality and length of life of Polish women. Research on social differences in health behavior provides an opportunity to analyze the biological effects of changes in the living environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Lopuszanska-Dawid
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Physical Education, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Marymoncka 34, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland
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Nina R, Lingling H, Qiushuang L, Honglin G, Liyuan S, Yuting Z. Association of coffee consumption pattern and metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and older adults: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1022616. [PMID: 36860390 PMCID: PMC9970040 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1022616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The association between coffee consumption and the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains inconsistent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between coffee intake and components of MetS. Method A cross-sectional survey including 1,719 adults was conducted in Guangdong, China. Data on age, gender, education level, marriage status, body mass index (BMI), current smoking and drinking status and breakfast habit, coffee consumption type, and daily servings were derived based on 2-day, 24-h recall. MetS were assessed according to the International Diabetes Federation definition. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to examine the association between the coffee consumption type, daily servings, and the components of MetS. Results Regardless of the coffee type, compared with non-coffee consumers, coffee consumers had higher odds ratios (ORs) of the elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) in both men [OR: 3.590; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 2.891-4.457] and women (OR: 3.590; 95% CI: 2.891-4.457). In women, the risk of elevated blood pressure (BP) was 0.553 times (OR: 0.553; 95% CI: 0.372-0.821, P = 0.004) for people who drank total coffee > 1 serving/day than for non-coffee drinkers. Conclusion In conclusion, regardless of type, coffee intake is associated with an increased prevalence of FBG in both men and women, but has a protective effect on hypertension only in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Nina
- Internet Medical Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huang Lingling
- Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Qiushuang
- Health Management Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guo Honglin
- School of Public Administration, South Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Sun Liyuan
- Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhang Yuting
- Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Zhang Yuting ✉
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Han M, Oh Y, Myung SK. Coffee Intake and Risk of Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies. J Korean Med Sci 2022; 37:e332. [PMID: 36413800 PMCID: PMC9678658 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear whether coffee intake is associated with the risk of hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the association between coffee intake and the risk of hypertension by using a meta-analysis of cohort studies. METHODS PubMed and Embase were searched using keywords in September 2022 to identify studies on coffee intake and the risk of hypertension. RESULTS We included a total of 13 longitudinal cohort studies, which involved a total of 64,650 incident cases of hypertension among 314,827 participants. In a random effects model meta-analysis of all the studies, coffee intake was not significantly associated with the risk of hypertension (relative risk [RR], 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90–1.05; I² = 58.0%; n = 13). In the subgroup meta-analysis, coffee intake was associated with a decreased risk of hypertension in studies conducted in America (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.87-0.98; I² = 4.6%; n = 5) and in low-quality studies (RR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.88-0.96; I² = 0.0%; n = 7). In the remaining subgroup meta-analyses by amount of coffee intake, gender, type of coffee (decaffeinated vs. caffeinated), smoking, and years of follow-up, coffee intake was not significantly associated with the risk of hypertension. CONCLUSION The current meta-analysis showed that coffee intake is not associated with the risk of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Han
- Department of Family Medicine, MyongJi Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yoonjin Oh
- Department of Family Medicine and Center for Cancer Prevention and Detection, National Cancer Center Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seung-Kwon Myung
- Department of Family Medicine and Center for Cancer Prevention and Detection, National Cancer Center Hospital, Goyang, Korea
- Department of Cancer AI & Digital Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Korea
- Cancer Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Data Science, National Cancer Research Institute, Goyang, Korea.
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Lu Y, Zhao YC, Liu Y, Song M. Residual confounding by antioxidants and multicollinearity in the polyphenol-colorectal cancer association. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:617-618. [PMID: 35781485 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Lu
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu Chen Zhao
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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K Alhabeeb M, M Alazzmi M, S Alrashidi M, Al-Sowayan NS. Effect of Caffeinated and Decaffeinated Coffee on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate of Healthy Individuals. Pak J Biol Sci 2022; 25:337-344. [PMID: 35638528 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.337.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Caffeine is the most widely consumed stimulant in the world with 80% of it consumed in the form of coffee. It is used as an ingredient in pharmaceuticals, owing to the high content of nutrients and antioxidants, including phenols and polyphenols, that have cardioprotective properties. This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee on blood pressure and heart rate. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> In this study, experimental days were divided over 2 weeks: February 21 to March 6. Each week, the participants were provided with a specific type of coffee to drink. They were advised to avoid exercise and vigorous physical activity and to get enough sleep. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured in resting/sitting position from the left arm using a blood pressure device, OMRON Model BP5100. The participants were clear of any cardiovascular diseases or hypertension. Any participants, who suffered from hypertension or hypotension were excluded. <b>Results:</b> We compared the impact of coffee with caffeine and without caffeine on systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. No difference in heart rates or blood pressure was observed in participants after 30-90 min of drinking either caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee. <b>Conclusion:</b> Based on the tests performed on 40 participants, we conclude that there are no significant differences in the influence of either type of coffee on blood pressure or heart rate.
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Association between hypertension and coffee drinking based on CYP1A2 rs762551 single nucleotide polymorphism in Taiwanese. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2021; 18:78. [PMID: 34391463 PMCID: PMC8364041 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-021-00605-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension increases the likelihood of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is related to caffeine metabolism and the risk of CVD among coffee drinkers. CYP1A2 rs762551 influenced the risk of stroke among hypertensive patients. We examined the relationship between hypertension and coffee drinking based on CYP1A2 rs762551 SNP in Taiwanese adults. Methods We used data contained in the Taiwan Biobank database (2011–2018) and included 19,133 participants having complete information on hypertension, rs762551 polymorphism, coffee intake, etc. The risk of hypertension was determined using multiple logistic regression. Results Coffee intake was significantly associated with a lower risk of hypertension. The odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and p-value were 0.877, 0.807–0.954, and 0.0032, respectively. CYP1A2 rs762551 was not significantly associated with the risk of hypertension, but it had a significant interactive association with coffee drinking (p value = 0.0303). After stratification by rs762551 genotypes, the inverse coffee drinking-hypertension association was retained, but significant results were observed only in those with the AC + CC genotype (OR 0.678, 95% CI 0.722–900, p value = 0.0001). According to the combination of coffee drinking and rs762551 genotypes (reference group: no coffee drinking and rs762551 AA), the coffee drinking-AC + CC group had a lower risk of hypertension (OR 0.888, 95% CI 0.789–0.999, p value = 0.0483). Conclusion Coffee drinking, particularly among individuals with the CYP1A2 rs762551 AC + CC genotype was associated with lower odds of hypertension.
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Abstract
Purpose of Review Coffee is a very popular drink and an estimated 2.25 billion cups worldwide are consumed daily. Such popularity of coffee makes it the most consumed drink next to water. Numerous studies have shown a beneficial effect of habitual and moderate coffee consumption on the functioning of the nervous, digestive, and cardiovascular systems, as well as on kidney function. Taking into account the very high prevalence of arterial hypertension in the world (31.1% of adults), much controversy has been raised about the influence of coffee consumption on blood pressure and the risk of arterial hypertension. Moreover, there have been extensive discussions about the safety of coffee consumption for hypertensive persons. Recent Findings There are over 1000 chemical compounds in coffee. The best characterized of these are caffeine, chlorogenic acid, trigonelline, kahweol, cafestol, ferulic acid, and melanoidins. These compounds have bidirectional influences on blood pressure regulation. The results of numerous studies and meta-analyses indicate that moderate and habitual coffee consumption does not increase and may even reduce the risk of developing arterial hypertension. Conversely, occasional coffee consumption has hypertensinogenic effects. Moderate habitual coffee consumption in hypertensive persons does not appear to increase the risk of uncontrolled blood pressure and may even reduce the risk of death from any cause. Summary Moderate and habitual consumption of coffee (1-–3 cups / day) does not adversely affect blood pressure in most people, including those with arterial hypertension.
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Tan LJ, Jung H, Kim SA, Shin S. The Association Between Coffee Consumption and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the South Korean General Population. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100356. [PMID: 34319647 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE To identify the cross-sectional and prospective association between coffee consumption and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among South Korean adults. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants are selected from the Health Examinees study. NAFLD is defined using three non-invasive indexes: fatty liver index (FLI), hepatic steatosis index, and fibrosis-4 calculator (FIB-4). In the cross-sectional analysis, higher habitual coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk for NAFLD, define using the FLI, (men, odds ratio [OR] 0.702; women, OR 0.810) compared with non-consumers. Participants who consumed coffee with sugar and creamer also have a lower risk for NAFLD, defined using the FIB-4, compared with non-coffee-consumers (men, OR 0.739; women, OR 0.807). A prospective analysis indicated that higher coffee consumption is associated with a lower incidence of NAFLD, defined using the FLI, in men (hazard ratio, 0.706). In both men and women, a lower FIB-4 index score is associated with higher coffee consumption regardless of coffee type (all p-value <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Coffee consumption of >3 cups per day has a protective effect against the development of NAFLD to a certain extent, and a negative association is found between coffee consumed with sugar and creamer and the FIB-4 index score in South Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Tan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, South Korea
| | - Hyein Jung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, South Korea
| | - Seong-Ah Kim
- Department of Urban Society, The Seoul Institute, Seoul, 06756, South Korea
| | - Sangah Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, South Korea
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Longitudinal study of the relationship between coffee consumption and type 2 diabetes in Chinese adult residents: Data from China Health and Nutrition Survey. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251377. [PMID: 33970951 PMCID: PMC8109824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing coffee intake was inversely associated with risk of type 2 diabetes in Western countries. However, in China where coffee consumption and diabetes population has been growing fast in recent years, studies on the impact of coffee intakes on the onset of type 2 diabetes are lacking. This study attempts to determine the associations between coffee consumption and type 2 diabetes in Chinese adults. METHODS This longitudinal study analyzed 10447 adults who had participated in at least two rounds of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), which is a survey database of multistage, random cluster process during 1993-2011. Coffee consumption and type 2 diabetes incidence were measured in the survey. Body mass index (BMI), age, sex, place of residence, waves, education level, smoking, drinking alcohol and tea drinking frequency were adjusted as covariate. We used longitudinal fixed effects regression models to assess changes within person. RESULTS After adjusting confounding factors, lower risk of diabetes is observed among Chinese adults who drink coffee occasionally (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.34) and drink almost every day (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.45, 0.83), compared with those who do not or hardly drink. In the subgroup analysis, among women aged 45-59 who drink coffee one to three times a week (AOR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.08, 0.52) and men over 60 who drink coffee almost every day (AOR = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.07, 0.53), protective effects were found. For young men aged 19-29, drinking coffee almost every day showed a risk effect (AOR = 20.21, 95% CI = 5.96-68.57). CONCLUSIONS Coffee drinking habit is an independent protective factor for adult on type 2 diabetes in China. And it varies among people with different ages and genders. The rapid growth of coffee consumption in China in recent years may help reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, but at the same time, the risk of type 2 diabetes in adolescents needs attention.
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Luo YS, Chen Z, Blanchette AD, Zhou YH, Wright FA, Baker ES, Chiu WA, Rusyn I. Relationships between constituents of energy drinks and beating parameters in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-Derived cardiomyocytes. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 149:111979. [PMID: 33450301 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.111979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of energy drinks has been associated with adverse cardiovascular effects; however, little is known about the ingredients that may contribute to these effects. We therefore characterized the chemical profiles and in vitro effects of energy drinks and their ingredients on human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes, and identified the putative active ingredients using a multivariate prediction model. Energy drinks from 17 widely-available over-the-counter brands were evaluated in this study. The concentrations of six common ingredients (caffeine, taurine, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, adenine, and L-methionine) were quantified by coupling liquid chromatography with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer for the acquisition of LC-MS/MS spectra. In addition, untargeted analyses for each beverage were performed with a platform combining LC, ion mobility spectrometry and mass spectrometry (LC-IMS-MS) measurements. Approximately 300 features were observed across samples in the untargeted studies, and of these ~100 were identified. In vitro effects of energy drinks and some of their ingredients were then tested in iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Data on the beat rate (positive and negative chronotropy), ion channel function (QT prolongation), and cytotoxicity were collected in a dilution series. We found that some of the energy drinks elicited adverse effects on the cardiomyocytes with the most common being an increase in the beat rate, while QT prolongation was also observed at the lowest concentrations. Finally, concentration addition modeling using quantitative data from the 6 common ingredients and multivariate prediction modeling was used to determine potential ingredients responsible for the adverse effects on the cardiomyocytes. These analyses suggested theophylline, adenine, and azelate as possibly contributing to the in vitro effects of energy drinks on QT prolongation in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Syuan Luo
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Zunwei Chen
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Alexander D Blanchette
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Yi-Hui Zhou
- Departments of Statistics and Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Fred A Wright
- Departments of Statistics and Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Erin S Baker
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Weihsueh A Chiu
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ivan Rusyn
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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15
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Effects of Coffee and Its Components on the Gastrointestinal Tract and the Brain-Gut Axis. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010088. [PMID: 33383958 PMCID: PMC7824117 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most popular beverages consumed worldwide. Roasted coffee is a complex mixture of thousands of bioactive compounds, and some of them have numerous potential health-promoting properties that have been extensively studied in the cardiovascular and central nervous systems, with relatively much less attention given to other body systems, such as the gastrointestinal tract and its particular connection with the brain, known as the brain–gut axis. This narrative review provides an overview of the effect of coffee brew; its by-products; and its components on the gastrointestinal mucosa (mainly involved in permeability, secretion, and proliferation), the neural and non-neural components of the gut wall responsible for its motor function, and the brain–gut axis. Despite in vitro, in vivo, and epidemiological studies having shown that coffee may exert multiple effects on the digestive tract, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative effects on the mucosa, and pro-motility effects on the external muscle layers, much is still surprisingly unknown. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms of action of certain health-promoting properties of coffee on the gastrointestinal tract and to transfer this knowledge to the industry to develop functional foods to improve the gastrointestinal and brain–gut axis health.
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Miranda AM, Goulart AC, Benseñor IM, Lotufo PA, Marchioni DM. Moderate coffee consumption is associated with lower risk of mortality in prior Acute Coronary Syndrome patients: a prospective analysis in the ERICO cohort. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 72:794-804. [PMID: 33349068 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1862069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the association between coffee consumption and all-cause mortality in patients with a prior acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina. Data were from the prospective study ERICO, totalising 928 patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). During 4 years' follow-up, a total of 111 deaths occurred. Moderate coffee consumption (1-2 and 2-3 cups/day) was inversely associated with total mortality (HR 0.13, 95% CI: 0.06-0.29 and 0.22, 95% CI: 0.13-0.39, respectively). For patients with higher coffee consumption (>3 cups/day), there was a positive association with mortality (HR 2.12, 95% CI: 1.06-4.24). After stratification by smoking status, the analysis revealed lower risk of mortality in never and former smokers, drinking 1-2 and 2-3 cups/day. Among current smokers there was a positive association between >3 cups/day and mortality. The moderate consumption of coffee was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality in patients with a prior ACS, particularly in non-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isabela Martins Benseñor
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Andrade Lotufo
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dirce Maria Marchioni
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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17
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Coffee consumption and risk of heart failure in the Physicians' Health Study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020; 40:133-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Miranda AM, Goulart AC, Benseñor IM, Lotufo PA, Marchioni DM. Coffee consumption and risk of hypertension: A prospective analysis in the cohort study. Clin Nutr 2020; 40:542-549. [PMID: 32576389 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages around the world. Dietary habits, specifically, coffee consumption has long been a suspected cause of hypertension. However, previous findings on coffee consumption and its association with the incidence of hypertension are not homogeneous and still inconsistent. PURPOSE To examine the association of habitual coffee consumption with the risk of developing hypertension in a middle-aged Brazilian cohort. METHODS Data were from the multicenter prospective cohort "Brazilian Longitudinal Study for Adult Health - ELSA-Brasil". The cohort comprises 15,105 civil servants, aged 35-74 years at baseline, who were sampled from universities located in six Brazilian cities. For the present study, we analyzed data from 8780 participants initially free of hypertension during a mean follow-up of 3.9 years. The consumption of coffee was obtained at baseline using a previously validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Subsequently coffee intake was categorized into four categories (cups/day): never/almost never, ≤1, 1-3, and >3. Hypertension status was defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, use of antihypertensive drug treatment, or both. Poisson regression model with a robust variance was performed to estimate relative risk (RR) and confidence interval (95% CI) for hypertension according to baseline coffee consumption. The effect of interaction between coffee consumption and smoking status was assessed. RESULTS Most participants (90%) drank coffee, and the median total coffee intake was 150 mL/day. A total of 1285 participants developed hypertension. Compared to participants who never or almost never drink coffee, the risk of hypertension was lower for individuals consuming 1-3 cups/day (RR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68-0.97) (P for interaction=0.018). After stratification by smoking status the analysis revealed a decreased risk of hypertension in never smokers drinking 1-3 cups of coffee per day (RR 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64-0.98), whereas the hypertension risk among former and current smokers was not associated with coffee consumption significantly. Moreover, upper category of coffee drinking (>3 cups/day) the association was not significant for risk of hypertension. CONCLUSION The association between coffee consumption and incidence of hypertension was related to smoking status. The beneficial effect of moderate coffee intake (1-3 cups/day) on risk of hypertension was observed only in never smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandra C Goulart
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela M Benseñor
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil; School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo A Lotufo
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil; School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Malinowski B, Fajardo Leighton RI, Hill CG, Szandorowski P, Wiciński M. Bioactive Compounds and Their Effect on Blood Pressure-A Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1659. [PMID: 32503160 PMCID: PMC7352988 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated blood pressure affects a great part of the elderly population and is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease. New approaches have been taken in the fight against this growing problem, in the form of diets (Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and intermittent fasting). Recent research has shown the promising results regarding diets and their effect on the prevention and improvement of elevated blood pressure. This review attempts to take this a step further, reviewing 26 studies in the search for dietary elements that may be causing this improvement. Although good evidence was found in favor of lycopene, Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), fiber and anthocyanin, further evidence is needed before any conclusions can be made. In contrast, the evidence shows that licorice increases blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Malinowski
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (R.I.F.L.); (C.G.H.); (P.S.); (M.W.)
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20
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Hu GL, Wang X, Zhang L, Qiu MH. The sources and mechanisms of bioactive ingredients in coffee. Food Funct 2019; 10:3113-3126. [PMID: 31166336 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00288j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coffee bioactive components include caffeine, chlorogenic acids (CGAs), trigonelline, tryptophan alkaloids, diterpenes and other secondary metabolites. During roasting, coffee metabolites undergo complex Maillard reactions, producing melanoidins and other degradation products, the most controversial among which is acrylamide, an ingredient widely found in baked food and listed as a second class carcinogen. Green and roasted coffee ingredients have good biological activities for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, and antibacterial, anti-diabetic, neuroprotection, and anti-cancer activities. To better understand the relationship between coffee ingredients and human health, and to effectively use the active ingredients, it is essential to understand the sources of coffee active ingredients and their mechanisms of action in the organism. This paper systematizes the available information and provides a critical overview of the sources of coffee active ingredients and the mechanisms of action in vivo or in vitro, and their combined effects on common human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
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21
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Ulivi L, Maccarrone M, Giannini N, Ferrari E, Caselli MC, Montano V, Chico L, Casani A, Navari E, Cerchiai N, Siciliano G, Bonuccelli U, Mancuso M. Oxidative Stress in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Dizziness Patients, Basally and After Polyphenol Compound Supplementation. Curr Mol Med 2019; 18:160-165. [PMID: 30033867 PMCID: PMC6225324 DOI: 10.2174/1566524018666180720165055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: Leukoaraiosis (LA) is a common radiological finding in elderly, frequently associated with several clinical disorders, including unexplained dizziness. The pathogenesis of LA is multifactorial, with a dysfunction of cerebral microcirculation resulting in chronic hypoperfusion and tissue loss, with oxidative stress involved in this cascade. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse some oxidative stress biomarkers in a cohort of LA patients. Method: Fifty-five consecutive patients (33 males, median age 75 years) with LA were recruited. In a subgroup of 33 patients with LA and unexplained dizziness, we have then performed an open study to evaluate if 60-day supplementation with a polyphenol compound may modify these biomarkers and influence quality of life, analysed with the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) scale. Results: At baseline, blood oxidative stress parameters values were outside normal ranges and compared to matched healthy controls. After the two months supplementation, we observed a significant decrement of advanced oxidation protein products values and a significant improvement of DHI. Conclusion: Oxidative stress biomarkers may be useful to detect redox imbalance in LA and to provide non-invasive tools to monitor disease status and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ulivi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Clinic, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Maccarrone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Clinic, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - N Giannini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Clinic, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - E Ferrari
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Clinic, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - M C Caselli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Clinic, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - V Montano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Clinic, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Chico
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Clinic, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Casani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Pathology, Otorhinolaryngology Section, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - E Navari
- Department of Medical and Surgical Pathology, Otorhinolaryngology Section, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - N Cerchiai
- Department of Medical and Surgical Pathology, Otorhinolaryngology Section, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Siciliano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Clinic, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - U Bonuccelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Clinic, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Mancuso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Clinic, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
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The association between genetic risk score and blood pressure is modified by coffee consumption: Gene–diet interaction analysis in a population-based study. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:1721-1728. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Caffeine and caffeine metabolites in relation to hypertension in U.S. adults. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 74:77-86. [PMID: 31019247 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-019-0430-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Most studies assessing the association between coffee consumption and hypertension ascertained caffeine intake in terms of number of cups per days, and yield mixed results. Although the inter-individuals variability in the caffeine metabolism is known, the relation of caffeine metabolites with hypertension remains unsettled. We examined the association of caffeine and 13 direct and indirect caffeine metabolites with hypertension in U.S. adults. METHODS Using data from 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we included 2278 individuals aged 18 to 80 years. Urinary methyluric acids (MU) and methylxanthines (MX) products of caffeine metabolism were measured using high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry. We used multivariate logistic regression to model hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥80 mmHg) as functions of urinary coffee metabolites. RESULTS The odds of hypertension decreased across quartiles of 3-MU, 7-MU, 3-MX and 7-MX, with 7-MU being the more powerful metabolite. Compared with adults in the bottom quartile of 7-MU, the odds of hypertension decreased by 81% (95% CI: -90 to -22%) in those in the upper quartile. In contrast, the odds ratio for being hypertensive from the bottom to the upper quartile were 4.47 (95% CI: 1.21-16.50) for 1,3-dimethyluric acid, 4.45 (95% CI: 1.48-13.39) for 1,3-dimethylxanthine, and 5.08 (95% CI: 1.11-23.36) for 1,7-dimethylxanthine. Neither insulin resistance nor abdominal obesity were moderators in these associations. CONCLUSIONS Final metabolites of caffeine (namely 3-MU, 7-MU, 3-MX and 7-MX), but not caffeine, significantly reduce the odds for hypertension in this population.
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Abstract
AbstractThe WHO reported that high blood pressure (BP) is one of the primary causes of death worldwide. Hypertension (HPT) is a major risk factor for CVD and related diseases as well as for diseases, leading to a considerable increase in cardiovascular risk. Since BP response could also be influenced by caffeine, which is widely consumed with coffee and other items, it is important to define the possible effects associated with caffeine intake. The most recent findings aimed at clarifying the role of caffeine consumption on BP and HPT risk/incidence are conflicting and difficult to interpret. Therefore, in the present narrative review, we aimed to examine various methodological inaccuracies/aspects and factors that make studies difficult to be compared, in order to obtain a single consensus on the effects of caffeine intake on the risk of BP and HPT. We observed that this heterogeneity in results could be due to the presence of: (i) several variables affecting BP (such as age, sex, genetic and lifestyle aspects); (ii) different caffeine content of food and beverages; and (iii) caffeine metabolism. Moreover, different methodological aspects in the evaluation of daily dietary caffeine intake and in the BP measurement could add some other bias in the interpretation of results. Therefore, it is mandatory to consider all methodological aspects and confounding factors to generate a standardised methodology in order to increase cross-study consistency and minimise confounding effects of different variables on the relationship between BP response and HPT risk/incidence after caffeine intake.
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25
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Navarro A, Martinez-Gonzalez M, Gea A, Ramallal R, Ruiz-Canela M, Toledo E. Coffee consumption and risk of hypertension in the SUN Project. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:389-397. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Coffee consumption in hemodialysis patients: how many? Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 73:924-929. [PMID: 30297763 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide. However, fluid intake restriction is an important and difficult challenge for hemodialysis (HD) patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of coffee intake on hydration and nutritional parameters of HD patients. METHODS This was an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study where 373 HD patients from 8 dialysis centers in Portugal were enrolled. A face-to-face questionnaire was applied and patient's clinical and body composition parameters were analyzed. The sample was divided into 3 groups depending on coffee intake: group 1-don't drink coffee, group 2-drink 1-2 coffees/day and group 3-drink 3 or more coffees/day. Laboratory and body composition parameters were registered in the month prior to the questionnaire application. Body composition was assessed with the Body Composition Monitor (BCM; Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH, Germany). RESULTS Patient's mean age was 67.2 ± 14.4 years and the mean HD vintage was 61.3 ± 56.2 months. Patients who reported drinking 3 or more coffees daily were younger, presented higher levels of potassium, phosphorus, diastolic BP, albumin and interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) and lower dialysis adequacy (Kt/V). Regarding body composition, patients in the group 3 showed higher body cell mass index (BCMI) and lean tissue index (LTI). On the other hand, the group 1 were the oldest, had a higher Kt/V, a lower diastolic blood pressure (BP) and potassium levels, whereas G2 presented a lower LTI, BCMI and IDWG. CONCLUSIONS Drinking 3 or more coffees daily increases the risk of a higher diastolic BP, potassium and IDWG in HD patients.
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French and Mediterranean-style diets: Contradictions, misconceptions and scientific facts-A review. Food Res Int 2018; 116:840-858. [PMID: 30717015 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The determination of appropriate dietary strategies for the prevention of chronic degenerative diseases, cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases remains a challenging and highly relevant issue worldwide. Epidemiological dietary interventions have been studied for decades with contrasting impacts on human health. Moreover, research scientists and physicians have long debated diets encouraging alcohol intake, such as the Mediterranean and French-style diets, with regard to their impact on human health. Understanding the effects of these diets may help to improve in the treatment and prevention of diseases. However, further studies are warranted to determine which individual food components, or combinations thereof, have a beneficial impact on different diseases, since a large number of different compounds may occur in a single food, and their fate in vivo is difficult to measure. Most explanations for the positive effects of Mediterranean-style diet, and of the French paradox, have focused largely on the beneficial properties of antioxidants, among other compounds/metabolites, in foods and red wine. Wine is a traditional alcoholic beverage that has been associated with both healthy and harmful effects. Not withstanding some doubts, there is reasonable unanimity among researchers as to the beneficial effects of moderate wine consumption on cardiovascular disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, and longevity, which have been ascribed to polyphenolic compounds present in wine. Despite this, conflicting findings regarding the impact of alcohol consumption on human health, and contradictory findings concerning the effects of non-alcoholic wine components such as resveratrol, have led to confusion among consumers. In addition to these contradictions and misconceptions, there is a paucity of human research studies confirming known positive effects of polyphenols in vivo. Furthermore, studies balancing both known and unknown prognostic factors have mostly been conducted in vitro or using animal models. Moreover, current studies have shifted focus from red wine to dairy products, such as cheese, to explain the French paradox. The aim of this review is to highlight the contradictions, misconceptions, and scientific facts about wines and diets, giving special focus to the Mediterranean and French diets in disease prevention and human health improvement. To answer the multiplicity of questions regarding the effects of diet and specific diet components on health, and to relieve consumer uncertainty and promote health, comprehensive cross-demographic studies using the latest technologies, which include foodomics and integrated omics approaches, are warranted.
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Torres-Collado L, García-de la Hera M, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Compañ-Gabucio LM, Gonzalez-Palacios S, Vioque J. Coffee Drinking and Associated Factors in an Elderly Population in Spain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15081661. [PMID: 30082581 PMCID: PMC6121461 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Coffee consumption is highly prevalent worldwide, and many studies have reported positive and inverse associations of coffee with many diseases. However, factors associated with coffee consumption remain poorly characterized in some populations, such as the elderly. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with total, caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption in an elderly population in Spain. Data were analyzed from 903 participants, aged 65 years and above, from two population-based studies carried out in the Valencia region in Spain (Valencia Nutritional Survey (VNS) and European Eye Study (EUREYE-Study). Total, caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption was assessed through two specific questions using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Information on personal characteristics, anthropometry and lifestyles was collected in personal interviews. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the adjusted relative risk ratios (RRR) and confidence intervals (95% CI). The prevalence of total, caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption was 70%, 38% and 32%, respectively. The consumption of caffeinated coffee was positively associated with: Educational level, RRR = 1.63 (1.09–2.44); body mass index (≥30), RRR = 2.03 (1.05–3.95); tobacco smoking, RRR = 1.96 (1.13–3.39); alcohol intake [≥12 g/day category intake vs. no-alcohol intake, RRR = 6.25 (3.56–10.95)]; and energy intake (p < 0.05). Consumption of caffeinated coffee was negatively associated with: Age (≥75 years), RRR = 0.64 (0.43–0.94); and pre-existing hypertension, RRR = 0.67 (0.45–0.98). The consumption of decaffeinated coffee was positively associated with: Alcohol intake, RRR = 2.63 (1.19–4.64); pre-existing diabetes, RRR = 1.67 (1.06–2.62); and energy intake (p < 0.01). The consumption of coffee is high among elderly people in Spain. It is a novelty in this study with elderly population that tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking were the two main factors associated with higher coffee consumption. Self-reported hypertension was associated with a lower consumption of caffeinated coffee, and pre-existing diabetes was associated with a higher consumption of decaffeinated coffee. These associations should be taken into account when the health effects of coffee consumption are investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Torres-Collado
- Department of Public Health, History of Medicine and Gynecology, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research, ISABIAL⁻FISABIO Foundation, 03550 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Manuela García-de la Hera
- Department of Public Health, History of Medicine and Gynecology, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research, ISABIAL⁻FISABIO Foundation, 03550 Alicante, Spain.
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eva Maria Navarrete-Muñoz
- Department of Public Health, History of Medicine and Gynecology, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research, ISABIAL⁻FISABIO Foundation, 03550 Alicante, Spain.
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Laura Maria Compañ-Gabucio
- Department of Public Health, History of Medicine and Gynecology, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research, ISABIAL⁻FISABIO Foundation, 03550 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Sandra Gonzalez-Palacios
- Department of Public Health, History of Medicine and Gynecology, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research, ISABIAL⁻FISABIO Foundation, 03550 Alicante, Spain.
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Department of Public Health, History of Medicine and Gynecology, University Miguel Hernández, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research, ISABIAL⁻FISABIO Foundation, 03550 Alicante, Spain.
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Do Coffee Polyphenols Have a Preventive Action on Metabolic Syndrome Associated Endothelial Dysfunctions? An Assessment of the Current Evidence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7020026. [PMID: 29401716 PMCID: PMC5836016 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies from several countries have found that mortality rates associated with the metabolic syndrome are inversely associated with coffee consumption. Metabolic syndrome can lead to arteriosclerosis by endothelial dysfunction, and increases the risk for myocardial and cerebral infarction. Accordingly, it is important to understand the possible protective effects of coffee against components of the metabolic syndrome, including vascular endothelial function impairment, obesity and diabetes. Coffee contains many components, including caffeine, chlorogenic acid, diterpenes and trigonelline. Studies have found that coffee polyphenols, such as chlorogenic acids, have many health-promoting properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetes, and antihypertensive properties. Chlorogenic acids may exert protective effects against metabolic syndrome risk through their antioxidant properties, in particular toward vascular endothelial cells, in which nitric oxide production may be enhanced, by promoting endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression. These effects indicate that coffee components may support the maintenance of normal endothelial function and play an important role in the prevention of metabolic syndrome. However, results related to coffee consumption and the metabolic syndrome are heterogeneous among studies, and the mechanisms of its functions and corresponding molecular targets remain largely elusive. This review describes the results of studies exploring the putative effects of coffee components, especially in protecting vascular endothelial function and preventing metabolic syndrome.
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Xie C, Cui L, Zhu J, Wang K, Sun N, Sun C. Coffee consumption and risk of hypertension: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of cohort studies. J Hum Hypertens 2018; 32:83-93. [DOI: 10.1038/s41371-017-0007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Coffee consumption and risk of hypertension: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Eur J Nutr 2017; 58:271-280. [PMID: 29222637 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1591-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recently, a large prospective study provided additional information concerning the debated possible association between habitual coffee consumption and risk of hypertension (HPT). Therefore, we updated the state of knowledge on this issue by carrying out a comprehensive new systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis of the available relevant studies. METHODS We performed a systematic search for prospective studies on general population, published without language restrictions (1966-August 2017). A random-effects dose-response meta-analysis was conducted to combine study specific relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals. Potential non-linear relation was investigated using restricted cubic splines. RESULTS Four studies (196,256 participants, 41,184 diagnosis of HPT) met the inclusion criteria. Coffee intake was assessed by dietary questionnaire. Dose-response meta-analysis showed a non-linear relationship between coffee consumption and risk of HPT (p for non-linearity < 0.001). Whereas the habitual drinking of one or two cups of coffee per day, compared with non-drinking, was not associated with risk of HPT, a significantly protective effect of coffee consumption was found starting from the consumption of three cups of coffee per day (RR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.94 to 0.99), and was confirmed for greater consumption. CONCLUSIONS The results of this analysis indicate that habitual moderate coffee intake is not associated with higher risk of HPT in the general population and that in fact a non-linear inverse dose-response relationship occurs between coffee consumption and risk of HPT.
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Long-Term Coffee Consumption Is Associated with Decreased Incidence of New-Onset Hypertension: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080890. [PMID: 28817085 PMCID: PMC5579683 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To perform a dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies investigating the association between long-term coffee intake and risk of hypertension. Methods: An online systematic search of studies published up to November 2016 was performed. Linear and non-linear dose–response meta-analyses were conducted; potential evidence of heterogeneity, publication bias, and confounding effect of selected variables were investigated through sensitivity and meta-regression analyses. Results: Seven cohorts including 205,349 individuals and 44,120 cases of hypertension were included. In the non-linear analysis, there was a 9% significant decreased risk of hypertension per seven cups of coffee a day, while, in the linear dose–response association, there was a 1% decreased risk of hypertension for each additional cup of coffee per day. Among subgroups, there were significant inverse associations for females, caffeinated coffee, and studies conducted in the US with longer follow-up. Analysis of potential confounders revealed that smoking-related variables weakened the strength of association between coffee consumption and risk of hypertension. Conclusions: Increased coffee consumption is associated with a modest decrease in risk of hypertension in prospective cohort studies. Smoking status is a potential effect modifier on the association between coffee consumption and risk of hypertension.
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Micek A, Grosso G, Polak M, Kozakiewicz K, Tykarski A, Puch Walczak A, Drygas W, Kwaśniewska M, Pająk A. Association between tea and coffee consumption and prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Poland - results from the WOBASZ II study (2013-2014). Int J Food Sci Nutr 2017; 69:358-368. [PMID: 28789576 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1362690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to assess a relationship between tea and coffee consumption and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Cross-sectional study of a random sample of total Polish population was done (The WOBASZ II Study), and the present analysis included 5146 participants at age 20 years and above. Tea and coffee consumption was assessed by 24-h recall method. MetS was defined according to IDF/NHLBI/AHA criteria. After adjustment for covariates, coffee consumption was related to blood pressure and HDL cholesterol, and moderate drinkers had 17% lower odds of MetS compared with non-drinkers (OR = 0.83, 95%CI = 0.72-0.97). Tea consumption was related to some components but not to MetS in general. Inverse association between coffee consumption and MetS may reflect the content of the antioxidants that offer cardiovascular protection. However, weak relation of tea with components of MetS points toward the potential importance of composition of polyphenols and the types of tea consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Micek
- a Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies , Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College , Krakow , Poland
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- b Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico "Vittorio Emanuele" , Catania , Italy
| | - Maciej Polak
- a Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies , Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College , Krakow , Poland
| | - Krystyna Kozakiewicz
- c 3rd Department of Cardiology Cardiac Hospital , Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland
| | - Andrzej Tykarski
- d Department of Hypertension, Angiology, and Internal Medicine , Institute of Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Poznań , Poland
| | - Aleksandra Puch Walczak
- e Department of Prevention and Education, Department of Hypertension and Diabetology , Medical University of Gdansk , Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Wojciech Drygas
- f Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, and Health Promotion , Institute of Cardiology , Warsaw , Poland.,g Department of Preventive and Social Medicine , Medical University of Lodz , Łódź , Poland
| | - Magdalena Kwaśniewska
- g Department of Preventive and Social Medicine , Medical University of Lodz , Łódź , Poland
| | - Andrzej Pająk
- a Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies , Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College , Krakow , Poland
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Dietary Polyphenol Intake, but Not the Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity, Is Inversely Related to Cardiovascular Disease in Postmenopausal Polish Women: Results of WOBASZ and WOBASZ II Studies. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:5982809. [PMID: 28713488 PMCID: PMC5496126 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5982809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the dietary polyphenol intake (DPI) and the dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in postmenopausal women. Participants were 916 postmenopausal women diagnosed with CVD and 1683 postmenopausal women without history of CVD, who took part in the population-based studies carried out in Poland: WOBASZ (2003–2005) and WOBASZ II (2013-2014). Nutritional data were collected using a single 24-hour dietary recall. DPI and DTAC in the CVD women were significantly lower and accounted for 1766.39 mg/d and 10.84 mmol/d, respectively, versus 1920.57 mg/d and 11.85 mmol/d in the women without CVD, but these differences disappeared after the standardization for energy input. Also, in the multiple-adjustment model, higher DPI, but not DTAC, was associated with the reduced odds ratio for the prevalence of CVD. Beverages, mainly coffee and tea, contributed in more than 40% to DPI and in more than a half to DTAC. In this study, higher dietary polyphenol intake, but not the dietary total antioxidant capacity, was inversely associated with CVD in postmenopausal women, which points to the health benefits of increased polyphenol intake from food sources for these women.
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Goszcz K, Duthie GG, Stewart D, Leslie SJ, Megson IL. Bioactive polyphenols and cardiovascular disease: chemical antagonists, pharmacological agents or xenobiotics that drive an adaptive response? Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1209-1225. [PMID: 28071785 PMCID: PMC5429332 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are widely regarded to have a wide range of health-promoting qualities, including beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease. Historically, the benefits have been linked to their well-recognized powerful antioxidant activity. However, the concept that the beneficial effects are attributable to direct antioxidant activity in vivo does not pay sufficient heed to the fact that polyphenols degrade rapidly, are poorly absorbed and rapidly metabolized, resulting in very low bioavailability. This review explores alternative mechanisms by which polyphenols, or their metabolites, exert biological activity via mechanisms that can be activated by physiologically relevant concentrations. Evidence is presented to support the action of phenolic derivatives on receptors and signalling pathways to induce adaptive responses that drive changes in endogenous antioxidant, antiplatelet, vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory effects. The implications are that in vitro antioxidant measures as predictors of polyphenol protective activity in vivo hold little relevance and that closer attention needs to be paid to bioavailable metabolites to understand the mode of action of these diet-derived components. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Principles of Pharmacological Research of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.11/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Goszcz
- Department of Diabetes and Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health ScienceInvernessUK
| | - Garry G Duthie
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | - Derek Stewart
- The James Hutton InstituteDundeeUK
- School of Engineering and Physical SciencesHeriot‐Watt UniversityEdinburghUK
| | - Stephen J Leslie
- Department of Diabetes and Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health ScienceInvernessUK
- Cardiology UnitRaigmore HospitalInvernessUK
| | - Ian L Megson
- Department of Diabetes and Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health ScienceInvernessUK
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Marventano S, Godos J, Platania A, Galvano F, Mistretta A, Grosso G. Mediterranean diet adherence in the Mediterranean healthy eating, aging and lifestyle (MEAL) study cohort. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2017; 69:100-107. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1332170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Marventano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Justyna Godos
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico “Vittorio Emanuale”, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessio Platania
- Department of Out of Hours Primary Care, ASP3 Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Fabio Galvano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Mistretta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico “Vittorio Emanuale”, Catania, Italy
- NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health (Affiliated with: Cambridge University Health Partners, Wolfson College Cambridge and the British Dietetic Association), St John’s Innovation Centre, Cambridge, UK
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Chei CL, Loh JK, Soh A, Yuan JM, Koh WP. Coffee, tea, caffeine, and risk of hypertension: The Singapore Chinese Health Study. Eur J Nutr 2017; 57:1333-1342. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1412-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Godos J, Marventano S, Mistretta A, Galvano F, Grosso G. Dietary sources of polyphenols in the Mediterranean healthy Eating, Aging and Lifestyle (MEAL) study cohort. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2017; 68:750-756. [PMID: 28276907 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1285870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the dietary intake and major food sources of polyphenols in the Mediterranean healthy Eating, Aging and Lifestyles (MEAL) study cohort. A total of 1937 individuals (18 + y) of urban population of Catania, Italy, completed a validated 110-item food frequency questionnaire; Phenol-Explorer database was used to estimate polyphenol intake. Mean intake of polyphenols was 663.7 mg/d; the most abundant classes were phenolic acids (362.7 mg/d) and flavonoids (258.7 mg/d). The main dietary sources of total polyphenols were nuts, followed by tea and coffee as source of flavanols and hydroxycinnamic acids, respectively, fruits (i.e. cherries were sources of anthocyanins and citrus fruits of flavanones) and vegetables (i.e. artichokes and olives were sources of flavones and spinach and beans of flavonols); chocolate, red wine and pasta contributed to flavanols and tyrosols, respectively. These findings will be useful to assess the potential benefits of foods with high polyphenol content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Godos
- a Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Universitario Ospedaliera Policlinico "Vittorio Emanuale" , Catania , Italy
| | - Stefano Marventano
- b Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia" Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Antonio Mistretta
- b Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia" Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Fabio Galvano
- c Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- a Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Universitario Ospedaliera Policlinico "Vittorio Emanuale" , Catania , Italy
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Chrysant SG. The impact of coffee consumption on blood pressure, cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2017; 15:151-156. [PMID: 28128673 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2017.1287563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coffee is the most widely consumed beverage, next to water. However, there has been a long-standing controversy regarding its safety on blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and intuitively, physicians dissuaded their patients from coffee drinking. Areas covered: This controversy was, primarily, based on older prospective studies or case reports, which showed a positive association of coffee drinking with the incidence of hypertension and CVD. In contrast to these reports, recent, well controlled, studies have demonstrated either a neutral or beneficial effect of moderate coffee consumption (3-4 cups/day), on BP, CVD, heart failure (HF), cardiac arrhythmias, or diabetes mellitus (DM). For the preparation of this special report, an English language focused search of the Medline database was conducted between 2010 and 2016 on studies with data on effect on the coffee consumption in patients with high BP, CVD, HF, cardiac arrhythmias or DM. Of the 94 abstracts reviewed, 34 pertinent papers were selected, and the findings from these papers together with collateral literature will be discussed in this special report. Expert commentary: Based on the evidence from these studies, coffee consumption in moderation, is safe and is beneficial in both healthy persons as well as patients with high BP, CVD, HF, cardiac arrhythmias or DM. Therefore, coffee restriction is not warranted for these patients, although some caution should be exercised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven G Chrysant
- a Department of Cardiology , University of Oklahoma College of Medicine , Oklahoma City , OK , USA
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Patel YR, Gadiraju TV, Ellison RC, Hunt SC, Carr JJ, Heiss G, Arnett DK, Pankow JS, Gaziano JM, Djoussé L. Coffee consumption and calcified atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries: The NHLBI Family Heart Study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2017; 17:18-21. [PMID: 28361742 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS While a recent meta-analysis of prospective studies reported that coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease mortality, limited and inconsistent data are available on the relation of coffee intake with subclinical disease. Thus, the aim of the present study was to see the association of coffee consumption with the prevalence of atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary arteries in NHLBI Family Heart Study. METHODS In a cross-sectional design, we studied 1929 participants of the NHLBI Family Heart Study without known coronary heart disease. Coffee consumption was assessed by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and coronary-artery calcium (CAC) was measured by cardiac computed tomography. We defined prevalent CAC as an Agatston score of ≥100 and used generalized estimating equations to calculate prevalence ratios of CAC as well as a sensitivity analysis at a range of cutpoints for CAC. RESULTS Mean age was 56.7 years and 59% of the study subjects were female. In adjusted analysis for age, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, field center, and energy intake, prevalence ratio (95% CI) for CAC was 1.0 (reference), 0.92 (0.57-1.49), 1.34 (0.86-2.08), 1.30 (0.84-2.02), and 0.99 (0.60-1.64) for coffee consumption of almost never, <1/day, 1/day, 2-3/day, and ≥4 cups/day, respectively. In a sensitivity analysis, there was no evidence of association between coffee consumption and prevalent CAC when CAC cut points of 0, 50, 150, 200, and 300 were used. CONCLUSIONS These data do not provide evidence for an association between coffee consumption and prevalent CAC in adult men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash R Patel
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Taraka V Gadiraju
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Tulane Heart & Vascular Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - R Curtis Ellison
- Section of Preventive Medicine & Epidemiology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar; Cardiovascular Genetics Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - John Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Radiology, Cardiovascular Medicine and Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Gerardo Heiss
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology and Research Information Center (MAVERIC) and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Research Center (GRECC), Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Luc Djoussé
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology and Research Information Center (MAVERIC) and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Research Center (GRECC), Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States
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Grosso G, Marventano S, D'Urso M, Mistretta A, Galvano F. The Mediterranean healthy eating, ageing, and lifestyle (MEAL) study: rationale and study design. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 68:577-586. [PMID: 27919168 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1262335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence suggesting that Mediterranean lifestyles, including nutrition and sleeping patterns as well as social integration, may play a role in reducing age-related diseases. However, the literature is mostly deficient of evidence provided by Italian Mediterranean islands that more closely adhered to the originally described lifestyles. In this paper, we described the rationale and the study design of the Mediterranean healthy Eating, Ageing, and Lifestyle (MEAL) study, a prospective population-based cohort established in Sicily, southern Italy. The main exposures investigated are classical determinants of health, including demographic, nutritional habits, smoking and physical activity status, as well as eating-related behaviors, sleeping habits, sun exposure, social resources, and perceived stress. Anthropometric measurements will be collected. The main outcomes included depression, quality of life, and, after the follow-up period, also cardiovascular disease and cancer. The MEAL study may provide important data to increase our knowledge regarding the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of age-related disorders in the Mediterranean region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grosso
- a Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele , Catania , Italy
| | - Stefano Marventano
- b Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences, and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Public Health , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | | | - Antonio Mistretta
- b Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences, and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Public Health , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Fabio Galvano
- d Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy
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Köksal E, Yardımcı H, Kocaadam B, Deniz Güneş B, Yılmaz B, Karabudak E. Relationship between dietary caffeine intake and blood pressure in adults. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 68:227-233. [PMID: 27589213 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1226276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the consumption frequency of caffeinated foods and beverages and daily caffeine consumption amounts, and examine relation between caffeine and blood pressure (BP). A cross sectional door-to-door interview was conducted with 1329 volunteers between the ages of 20 and 60 (mean ages 29.9 ± 10.8 years) and based in Ankara/Turkey. The rate of individuals whose BPs were above 140/90 mmHg was 13.5%. The median caffeine consumption was 150.0 ± 122.06 mg. Although no significant correlation was found between total caffeine intake and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of individuals, a positive correlation was observed between daily total caffeine and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p < .05). Also, when analyzed factors that could be associated with DBP and SBP, BMI had effect in the model formed for both types of BP (p < .05). While smoking status associated with SBP (p = .002), gender and waist circumference related to DBP (p < .05) As a result relationship between caffeine intake and BP was affected other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Köksal
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Hülya Yardımcı
- b Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Betül Kocaadam
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Burcu Deniz Güneş
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Birsen Yılmaz
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Efsun Karabudak
- a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
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Coffee consumption and mortality in three Eastern European countries: results from the HAPIEE (Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe) study. Public Health Nutr 2016; 20:82-91. [PMID: 27411779 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980016001749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the association between coffee consumption and risk of all-cause, CVD and cancer death in a European cohort. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment for potential confounders to estimate multivariable hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI were used. SETTING Czech Republic, Russia and Poland. SUBJECTS A total of 28561 individuals followed for 6·1 years. RESULTS A total of 2121 deaths (43·1 % CVD and 35·7 % cancer mortality) occurred during the follow-up. Consumption of 3-4 cups coffee/d was associated with lower mortality risk in men (HR=0·83; 95 % CI 0·71, 0·99) and women (HR=0·63; 95 % CI 0·47, 0·84), while further intake showed non-significant reduced risk estimates (HR=0·71; 95 % CI 0·49, 1·04 and HR=0·51; 95 % CI 0·24, 1·10 in men and women, respectively). Decreased risk of CVD mortality was also found in men (HR=0·71; 95 % CI 0·54, 0·93) for consumption of 3-4 cups coffee/d. Stratified analysis revealed that consumption of a similar amount of coffee was associated with decreased risk of all-cause (HR=0·61; 95 % CI 0·43, 0·87) and cancer mortality (HR=0·59; 95 % CI 0·35, 0·99) in non-smoking women and decreased risk of all-cause mortality for >4 cups coffee/d in men with no/moderate alcohol intake. CONCLUSIONS Coffee consumption was associated with decreased risk of mortality. The protective effect was even stronger when stratification by smoking status and alcohol intake was performed.
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Huang X, Zhou Z, Liu J, Song W, Chen Y, Liu Y, Zhang M, Dai W, Yi Y, Zhao S. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among China’s Sichuan Tibetan population: A cross-sectional study. Clin Exp Hypertens 2016; 38:457-63. [PMID: 27359364 DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2016.1163369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu. Sichuan, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhengyang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu. Sichuan, China
| | - Jianxiong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu. Sichuan, China
| | - Weifang Song
- Department of Pathophysiology, Fenyang School of Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, Shanxi, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu. Sichuan, China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wen Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yanjing Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu. Sichuan, China
| | - Shuiping Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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Marventano S, Salomone F, Godos J, Pluchinotta F, Del Rio D, Mistretta A, Grosso G. Coffee and tea consumption in relation with non-alcoholic fatty liver and metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Clin Nutr 2016; 35:1269-1281. [PMID: 27060021 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Diet plays a role in the onset and progression of metabolic disorders, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to systematically review and perform quantitative analyses of results from observational studies on coffee/tea consumption and NAFLD or MetS. METHODS A Medline and Embase search was performed to retrieve articles published up to March 2015. We used a combination of the keywords "coffee", "caffeine", "tea", "non-alcoholic fatty liver disease", "non-alcoholic steatohepatitis", "metabolic syndrome". Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by random-effects model. RESULTS Seven studies assessed coffee consumption in NAFLD patients. Fibrosis scores were reported in four out of seven; all four studies revealed an inverse association of coffee intake with fibrosis severity, although the lack of comparable exposure and outcomes did not allow to perform pooled analysis. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria to be included in the meta-analysis on coffee consumption and MetS. Individuals consuming higher quantities of coffee were less like to have MetS (RR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.79-0.96). However, the association of coffee and individual components of MetS was not consistent across the studies. Pooled analysis of six studies exploring the association between tea consumption and MetS resulted in decreased odds of MetS for individuals consuming more tea (RR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.73-0.95). CONCLUSIONS Studies on coffee and NAFLD suggest that coffee consumption could have a protective role on fibrosis. Both coffee and tea consumption are associated with less likelihood of having MetS but further research with better designed studies is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Marventano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Federico Salomone
- Division of Gastroenterology, Ospedale di Acireale, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Justyna Godos
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Daniele Del Rio
- Department of Food Science, The ψ2 Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Antonio Mistretta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Integrated Cancer Registry (RTI) of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Grosso G, Stepaniak U, Micek A, Stefler D, Bobak M, Pająk A. Dietary polyphenols are inversely associated with metabolic syndrome in Polish adults of the HAPIEE study. Eur J Nutr 2016; 56:1409-1420. [PMID: 26913852 PMCID: PMC5486632 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between total and individual classes and subclasses of dietary polyphenol intake and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the Polish arm of the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe cohort study. Methods A cross-sectional population-based survey including 8821 adults (51.4 % female) was conducted in Kraków, Poland. Dietary polyphenol intake was evaluated using food frequency questionnaires and matching food consumption data with the Phenol-Explorer database. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation definition. Linear and logistic regression models were performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs). Results Significant differences in age and energy intake among different categories of total dietary polyphenol intake were found. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, and triglycerides were significantly lower among individuals in the higher quartiles of polyphenol intake, but a linear association was found only for BMI and WC. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, individuals in the highest quartile of polyphenol intake were less likely to have MetS (OR 0.80; 95 % CI 0.64, 0.98 and OR 0.70; 95 % CI 0.56, 0.86 for both men and women, respectively). High total polyphenol intake was negatively associated with WC, blood pressure, high lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides in women, and fasting plasma glucose in both genders. Among individual classes of polyphenols, phenolic acids and stilbenes were significantly associated with MetS; lignans and stilbenes with WC; phenolic acids with blood pressure and triglycerides; and flavonoids with fasting plasma glucose. Among specific subclasses of polyphenols, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavanols, and dihydrochalcones had the most relevant role. Conclusions Total and individual classes and subclasses of dietary polyphenols were inversely associated with MetS and some of its components. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00394-016-1187-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grosso
- Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Via S. Sofia 85, 95123, Catania, Italy. .,Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Urszula Stepaniak
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Micek
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Denes Stefler
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Martin Bobak
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrzej Pająk
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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