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Kwack MH, Lee S, Ha GU, Kim GH, Lee WJ. Effect of a Precision Cryotherapy Device with Temperature-Adjustability on Mice with Cutibacterium acnes-Induced Inflammation. Ann Dermatol 2023; 35:461-475. [PMID: 38086360 PMCID: PMC10733072 DOI: 10.5021/ad.22.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hee Kwack
- Department of Immunology and BK2 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seongjin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Gi Ung Ha
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Gun-Ho Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea.
| | - Weon Ju Lee
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
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Jue MS, Park E, Kang HS, Kim JS. A Correlation between Serum Level of Alkaline Phosphatase and Acne Severity in Children and Adolescents: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Ann Dermatol 2020; 32:206-212. [PMID: 33911739 PMCID: PMC7992616 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2020.32.3.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit and usually affects adolescents when the peak concentrations of growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1, and androgen are demonstrated. The activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which increases physiologically in growing children and adolescents, in the pilosebaceous unit has been reported. However, the correlation between the serum level of ALP and the number of acne lesions has not been studied. Objective The present cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the correlation between serum level of ALP and the numbers of non-inflammatory and inflammatory acne lesions in children and adolescents. Methods For this study, 202 pediatric and adolescent patients clinically diagnosed with acne vulgaris were included. Age, sex, serum level of ALP, number of non-inflammatory acne lesions, number of inflammatory acne lesions, and number of total acne lesions were evaluated. Additionally, the serum level of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate was evaluated in 117 patients. Multiple regression analysis was performed. Multicollinearity was quantified using the variance inflation factor. Results In the 202 patients, serum level of ALP was the only independent factor that significantly affected both the number of non-inflammatory acne lesions and of total acne lesions (regression coefficient=0.089 and 0.086, respectively, p<0.001). Conclusion There was a significant correlation between serum level of ALP and the extent of acne (non-inflammatory acne lesions and total acne lesions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihn-Sook Jue
- Department of Dermatology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunjung Park
- Department of Dermatology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Song Kang
- Department of Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joung Soo Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
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4
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Clayton RW, Langan EA, Ansell DM, de Vos IJHM, Göbel K, Schneider MR, Picardo M, Lim X, van Steensel MAM, Paus R. Neuroendocrinology and neurobiology of sebaceous glands. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:592-624. [PMID: 31970855 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The nervous system communicates with peripheral tissues through nerve fibres and the systemic release of hypothalamic and pituitary neurohormones. Communication between the nervous system and the largest human organ, skin, has traditionally received little attention. In particular, the neuro-regulation of sebaceous glands (SGs), a major skin appendage, is rarely considered. Yet, it is clear that the SG is under stringent pituitary control, and forms a fascinating, clinically relevant peripheral target organ in which to study the neuroendocrine and neural regulation of epithelia. Sebum, the major secretory product of the SG, is composed of a complex mixture of lipids resulting from the holocrine secretion of specialised epithelial cells (sebocytes). It is indicative of a role of the neuroendocrine system in SG function that excess circulating levels of growth hormone, thyroxine or prolactin result in increased sebum production (seborrhoea). Conversely, growth hormone deficiency, hypothyroidism, and adrenal insufficiency result in reduced sebum production and dry skin. Furthermore, the androgen sensitivity of SGs appears to be under neuroendocrine control, as hypophysectomy (removal of the pituitary) renders SGs largely insensitive to stimulation by testosterone, which is crucial for maintaining SG homeostasis. However, several neurohormones, such as adrenocorticotropic hormone and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, can stimulate sebum production independently of either the testes or the adrenal glands, further underscoring the importance of neuroendocrine control in SG biology. Moreover, sebocytes synthesise several neurohormones and express their receptors, suggestive of the presence of neuro-autocrine mechanisms of sebocyte modulation. Aside from the neuroendocrine system, it is conceivable that secretion of neuropeptides and neurotransmitters from cutaneous nerve endings may also act on sebocytes or their progenitors, given that the skin is richly innervated. However, to date, the neural controls of SG development and function remain poorly investigated and incompletely understood. Botulinum toxin-mediated or facial paresis-associated reduction of human sebum secretion suggests that cutaneous nerve-derived substances modulate lipid and inflammatory cytokine synthesis by sebocytes, possibly implicating the nervous system in acne pathogenesis. Additionally, evidence suggests that cutaneous denervation in mice alters the expression of key regulators of SG homeostasis. In this review, we examine the current evidence regarding neuroendocrine and neurobiological regulation of human SG function in physiology and pathology. We further call attention to this line of research as an instructive model for probing and therapeutically manipulating the mechanistic links between the nervous system and mammalian skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Clayton
- Centre for Dermatology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, U.K.,Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Mandalay Road, #17-01 Clinical Sciences Building, 308232, Singapore
| | - Ewan A Langan
- Centre for Dermatology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, U.K.,Department of Dermatology, Allergology und Venereology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, Lübeck, 23538, Germany
| | - David M Ansell
- Centre for Dermatology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, U.K.,Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Ivo J H M de Vos
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Mandalay Road, #17-01 Clinical Sciences Building, 308232, Singapore
| | - Klaus Göbel
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Mandalay Road, #17-01 Clinical Sciences Building, 308232, Singapore.,Department of Dermatology, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), and Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne, The University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, Cologne, 50931, Germany
| | - Marlon R Schneider
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R), Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, Berlin, 10589, Germany
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Centre of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Xinhong Lim
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Maurice A M van Steensel
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Mandalay Road, #17-01 Clinical Sciences Building, 308232, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ralf Paus
- Centre for Dermatology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, U.K.,Dr. Phllip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, RMSB 2023A, Miami, FL, 33136, U.S.A.,Monasterium Laboratory, Mendelstraße 17, Münster, 48149, Germany
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Abstract
As we gain a greater understanding of acne pathogenesis, both new agents as well as new uses for established drugs are being considered for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Multiple clinical trials assessing new formulations or combinations of established acne treatments have been conducted, and novel uses of antimicrobials such as modified diallyl disulfide oxide and nitric oxide are being assessed in clinical trials. There are also a multitude of new therapies currently being studied that target the inflammatory cascade of acne pathogenesis, including sebosuppressive and anti-inflammatory phytochemicals, and small molecule inhibitors targeting sebaceous glands and enzymes, among others. Laser and light therapy is also being modified for the treatment of acne through combination methods with metal nanoshells and vacuum assistance. Probiotics have gained popularity in medicine as greater knowledge of the microbiome and its effects on multiple organ systems is being elucidated. Studies describing the positive effects of certain ammonia-oxidizing bacterial strains in the regulation of the skin's inflammatory response are ongoing. Therapies for acne are constantly evolving and current gold-standard acne therapy may be supplemented with novel treatment modalities in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha K Trivedi
- School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Suzana S Bosanac
- School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Raja K Sivamani
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400, Sacramento, CA, 95816, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Larissa N Larsen
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400, Sacramento, CA, 95816, USA.
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Yang JH, Yoon JY, Kwon HH, Min S, Moon J, Suh DH. Seeking new acne treatment from natural products, devices and synthetic drug discovery. DERMATO-ENDOCRINOLOGY 2018; 9:e1356520. [PMID: 29484092 PMCID: PMC5821150 DOI: 10.1080/19381980.2017.1356520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite lots of research on the pathogenesis of acne, the development of new therapeutic agents is still stagnant. Conventional agents which target multiple pathological processes have some serious side effects and this makes seeking new treatment options important for treating acne. As new therapeutic options, researchers are focusing on natural products, synthetic drugs and devices. From natural products, epigallocatechin-3 gallate, lupeol, cannabidiol and Lactobacillus fermented Chamaecyperis obtusa were reported to be possible candidates for novel drugs, targeting multiple pathogenic factors. Synthetic anti-P.acnes agent, nitric oxide nanoparticles and α-mangostin nanoparticles are shown to be effective in acne treatment. Device or procedural methods such as fractional microneedling radiofrequency, cryolysis, photothermolysis and daylight photodynamic therapy have potential as new treatment options for acne. Further large clinical trials comparing these new treatments with existing agents will be necessary in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Acne, Rosacea, Seborrheic Dermatitis and Hidradenitis Suppurativa Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Young Yoon
- Department of Acne, Rosacea, Seborrheic Dermatitis and Hidradenitis Suppurativa Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyuck Hoon Kwon
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Acne, Rosacea, Seborrheic Dermatitis and Hidradenitis Suppurativa Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seonguk Min
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Acne, Rosacea, Seborrheic Dermatitis and Hidradenitis Suppurativa Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jungyoon Moon
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Acne, Rosacea, Seborrheic Dermatitis and Hidradenitis Suppurativa Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae Hun Suh
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Acne, Rosacea, Seborrheic Dermatitis and Hidradenitis Suppurativa Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Ataş H, Gönül M. Evaluation of the Efficacy of Cryosurgery in Patients With Sebaceous Hyperplasia of the Face. J Cutan Med Surg 2016; 21:202-206. [DOI: 10.1177/1203475416685076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cryosurgery is an effective treatment for sebaceous hyperplasia, but there have been few clinical studies. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cryosurgery in the treatment of sebaceous hyperplasia. Methods: Cryosurgery was performed 6 times, at 2-week intervals, with liquid nitrogen, and evaluated in 40 patients with 517 lesions ranging from 2 to 9 mm over the forehead, cheeks, and chin. All of the lesions were measured before and after the treatment. Results: The mean age of the participants was 54.7 ± 8.9 years, and the male/female ratio was 21/19 (1.1). The mean time of the disease duration was 4.2 ± 3.0 years. After 6 cooling cycles, an excellent response (76%-100%) was seen in 341 patients (65.9%), a very good response (51%-75%) was seen in 102 (19.7%), a good response (26%-50%) was seen in 57 (11.1%), a poor response (1%-25%) was seen in 15 (2.9%), and no response (0%) was seen in 2 (0.4%). Age ( P = .004) and sex ( P < .0001) were independent predictors of an excellent response. The excellent response rates were 71.4% for males, 61.8% for females, 70.4% for ages older than 55 years, and 61.8% for ages younger than 55 years. Temporary hyperpigmentation was found in 5 lesions (0.96%), and recurrence was not seen at the 4-month follow-up. Conclusions: The well-aimed and controlled used of cryosurgery is an effective method for treating significant cosmetic disfigurement in patients with sebaceous hyperplasia. It is a low-cost therapy without scarring, hypopigmentation, or recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Ataş
- Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Müzeyyen Gönül
- Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Ankara, Turkey
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