1
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Mou K, Chan SMH, Vlahos R. Musculoskeletal crosstalk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and comorbidities: Emerging roles and therapeutic potentials. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 257:108635. [PMID: 38508342 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a multifaceted respiratory disorder characterized by progressive airflow limitation and systemic implications. It has become increasingly apparent that COPD exerts its influence far beyond the respiratory system, extending its impact to various organ systems. Among these, the musculoskeletal system emerges as a central player in both the pathogenesis and management of COPD and its associated comorbidities. Muscle dysfunction and osteoporosis are prevalent musculoskeletal disorders in COPD patients, leading to a substantial decline in exercise capacity and overall health. These manifestations are influenced by systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and hormonal imbalances, all hallmarks of COPD. Recent research has uncovered an intricate interplay between COPD and musculoskeletal comorbidities, suggesting that muscle and bone tissues may cross-communicate through the release of signalling molecules, known as "myokines" and "osteokines". We explored this dynamic relationship, with a particular focus on the role of the immune system in mediating the cross-communication between muscle and bone in COPD. Moreover, we delved into existing and emerging therapeutic strategies for managing musculoskeletal disorders in COPD. It underscores the development of personalized treatment approaches that target both the respiratory and musculoskeletal aspects of COPD, offering the promise of improved well-being and quality of life for individuals grappling with this complex condition. This comprehensive review underscores the significance of recognizing the profound impact of COPD on the musculoskeletal system and its comorbidities. By unravelling the intricate connections between these systems and exploring innovative treatment avenues, we can aspire to enhance the overall care and outcomes for COPD patients, ultimately offering hope for improved health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Mou
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stanley M H Chan
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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2
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Hughes D, Yong K, Ramasamy K, Stern S, Boyle E, Ashcroft J, Basheer F, Rabin N, Pratt G. Diagnosis and management of smouldering myeloma: A British Society for Haematology Good Practice Paper. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:1193-1206. [PMID: 38393718 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a bone marrow-based plasma cell tumour that develops from asymptomatic pre-cursor conditions smouldering myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance and all are characterised by the presence of a monoclonal protein in the blood. Diagnosis and distinction between these conditions is based on blood tests, the bone marrow biopsy and cross sectional imaging. There are various risk stratification models that group patients with smouldering myeloma into risk groups based on risk of progression to symptomatic disease. Management is mainly observational for patients with smouldering myeloma although clinical trials for high-risk disease may be available. Restaging is required if evidence for progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hughes
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kwee Yong
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Karthik Ramasamy
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Translational Myeloma Centre, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon Stern
- Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - Eileen Boyle
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - John Ashcroft
- The Mid Yorkshire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Wakefield, UK
| | - Faisal Basheer
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Neil Rabin
- University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Guy Pratt
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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3
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Adhikari M, Kaur J, Sabol HM, Anloague A, Khan S, Kurihara N, Diaz-delCastillo M, Andreasen CM, Barnes CL, Stambough JB, Palmieri M, Reyes-Castro O, Ambrogini E, Almeida M, O’Brien CA, Nookaw I, Delgado-Calle J. Single-cell Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Senescent Osteocytes as Contributors to Bone Destruction in Breast Cancer Metastasis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4047486. [PMID: 38558984 PMCID: PMC10980159 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4047486/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer bone metastases increase fracture risk and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among women. Upon colonization by tumor cells, the bone microenvironment undergoes profound reprogramming to support cancer progression that disrupts the balance between osteoclasts and osteoblasts, leading to bone lesions. Whether such reprogramming affects matrix-embedded osteocytes remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that osteocytes in breast cancer bone metastasis develop premature senescence and a distinctive senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that favors bone destruction. Single-cell RNA sequencing identified osteocytes from mice with breast cancer bone metastasis enriched in senescence and SASP markers and pro-osteoclastogenic genes. Using multiplex in situ hybridization and AI-assisted analysis, we detected osteocytes with senescence-associated distension of satellites, telomere dysfunction, and p16Ink4a expression in mice and patients with breast cancer bone metastasis. In vitro and ex vivo organ cultures showed that breast cancer cells promote osteocyte senescence and enhance their osteoclastogenic potential. Clearance of senescent cells with senolytics suppressed bone resorption and preserved bone mass in mice with breast cancer bone metastasis. These results demonstrate that osteocytes undergo pathological reprogramming by breast cancer cells and identify osteocyte senescence as an initiating event triggering bone destruction in breast cancer metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Adhikari
- Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, US
| | - Japneet Kaur
- Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, US
| | - Hayley M. Sabol
- Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, US
| | - Aric Anloague
- Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, US
| | - Sharmin Khan
- Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, US
| | - Noriyoshi Kurihara
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, US
| | | | - Christina Møller Andreasen
- Molecular Bone Histology lab, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Pathologyogy, Odense University Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - C. Lowry Barnes
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, US
| | - Jeffrey B. Stambough
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, US
| | - Michela Palmieri
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, US
| | - Olivia Reyes-Castro
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, US
| | - Elena Ambrogini
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, US
| | - Maria Almeida
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, US
| | - Charles A. O’Brien
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, US
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, US
| | - Intawat Nookaw
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, US
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, US
| | - Jesus Delgado-Calle
- Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, US
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, US
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4
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Yin Z, Gong G, Liu X, Yin J. Mechanism of regulating macrophages/osteoclasts in attenuating wear particle-induced aseptic osteolysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1274679. [PMID: 37860014 PMCID: PMC10582964 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1274679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Joint replacement surgery is the most effective treatment for end-stage arthritis. Aseptic loosening caused by periprosthetic osteolysis is a common complication after joint replacement. Inflammation induced by wear particles derived from prosthetic biomaterials is a major cause of osteolysis. We emphasize that bone marrow-derived macrophages and their fusion-derived osteoclasts play a key role in this pathological process. Researchers have developed multiple intervention approaches to regulate macrophage/osteoclast activation. Aiming at wear particle-induced periprosthetic aseptic osteolysis, this review separately discusses the molecular mechanism of regulation of ROS formation and inflammatory response through intervention of macrophage/osteoclast RANKL-MAPKs-NF-κB pathway. These molecular mechanisms regulate osteoclast activation in different ways, but they are not isolated from each other. There is also a lot of crosstalk among the different mechanisms. In addition, other bone and joint diseases related to osteoclast activation are also briefly introduced. Therefore, we discuss these new findings in the context of existing work with a view to developing new strategies for wear particle-associated osteolysis based on the regulation of macrophages/osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang), Lianyungang, China
| | - Ge Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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5
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Sangadala S, Kim CH, Fernandes LM, Makkar P, Beck GR, Boden SD, Drissi H, Presciutti SM. Sclerostin small-molecule inhibitors promote osteogenesis by activating canonical Wnt and BMP pathways. eLife 2023; 12:e63402. [PMID: 37560905 PMCID: PMC10431921 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical healing environment after a posterior spinal arthrodesis surgery is one of the most clinically challenging bone-healing environments across all orthopedic interventions due to the absence of a contained space and the need to form de novo bone. Our group has previously reported that sclerostin in expressed locally at high levels throughout a developing spinal fusion. However, the role of sclerostin in controlling bone fusion remains to be established. Methods We computationally identified two FDA-approved drugs, as well as a single novel small-molecule drug, for their ability to disrupt the interaction between sclerostin and its receptor, LRP5/6. The drugs were tested in several in vitro biochemical assays using murine MC3T3 and MSCs, assessing their ability to (1) enhance canonical Wnt signaling, (2) promote the accumulation of the active (non-phosphorylated) form of β-catenin, and (3) enhance the intensity and signaling duration of BMP signaling. These drugs were then tested subcutaneously in rats as standalone osteoinductive agents on plain collagen sponges. Finally, the top drug candidates (called VA1 and C07) were tested in a rabbit posterolateral spine fusion model for their ability to achieve a successful fusion at 6 wk. Results We show that by controlling GSK3b phosphorylation our three small-molecule inhibitors (SMIs) simultaneously enhance canonical Wnt signaling and potentiate canonical BMP signaling intensity and duration. We also demonstrate that the SMIs produce dose-dependent ectopic mineralization in vivo in rats as well as significantly increase posterolateral spine fusion rates in rabbits in vivo, both as standalone osteogenic drugs and in combination with autologous iliac crest bone graft. Conclusions Few if any osteogenic small molecules possess the osteoinductive potency of BMP itself - that is, the ability to form de novo ectopic bone as a standalone agent. Herein, we describe two such SMIs that have this unique ability and were shown to induce de novo bone in a stringent in vivo environment. These SMIs may have the potential to be used in novel, cost-effective bone graft substitutes for either achieving spinal fusion or in the healing of critical-sized fracture defects. Funding This work was supported by a Veteran Affairs Career Development Award (IK2-BX003845).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreedhara Sangadala
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDecaturUnited States
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaUnited States
| | - Chi Heon Kim
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaUnited States
| | - Lorenzo M Fernandes
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDecaturUnited States
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaUnited States
| | - Pooja Makkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab UniversityChandigarhIndia
| | - George R Beck
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDecaturUnited States
- Emory University, Division of EndocrinologyAtlantaUnited States
| | - Scott D Boden
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaUnited States
| | - Hicham Drissi
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDecaturUnited States
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaUnited States
| | - Steven M Presciutti
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDecaturUnited States
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaUnited States
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6
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Kitase Y, Prideaux M. Regulation of the Osteocyte Secretome with Aging and Disease. Calcif Tissue Int 2023; 113:48-67. [PMID: 37148298 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-023-01089-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
As the most numerous and long-lived of all bone cells, osteocytes have essential functions in regulating skeletal health. Through the lacunar-canalicular system, secreted proteins from osteocytes can reach cells throughout the bone. Furthermore, the intimate connectivity between the lacunar-canalicular system and the bone vasculature allows for the transport of osteocyte-secreted factors into the circulation to reach the entire body. Local and endocrine osteocyte signaling regulates physiological processes such as bone remodeling, bone mechanoadaptation, and mineral homeostasis. However, these processes are disrupted by impaired osteocyte function induced by aging and disease. Dysfunctional osteocyte signaling is now associated with the pathogenesis of many disorders, including chronic kidney disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, and periodontitis. In this review, we focus on the targeting of bone and extraskeletal tissues by the osteocyte secretome. In particular, we highlight the secreted osteocyte proteins, which are known to be dysregulated during aging and disease, and their roles during disease progression. We also discuss how therapeutic or genetic targeting of osteocyte-secreted proteins can improve both skeletal and systemic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Kitase
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Matthew Prideaux
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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7
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Gerov V, Gerova D, Micheva I, Nikolova M, Mihaylova G, Galunska B. Dynamics of Bone Disease Biomarkers Dickkopf-1 and Sclerostin in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4440. [PMID: 37445475 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) and sclerostin are essential Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitors, playing an important role in multiple myeloma bone disease (MBD). We aimed to examine the serum DKK-1 and sclerostin variations in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients at diagnosis and in the course of therapy, including autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). This study included 41 NDMM-patients and 33 controls. MBD was assessed by whole-body low-dose computed tomography. DKK-1 and sclerostin were assayed by commercial ELISA kits. At diagnosis, NDMM-patients revealed significantly higher DKK-1 and sclerostin values (p < 0.0001), showing dependence on disease stage (lowest in ISS-I and highest in ISS-III: p < 0.0012 and p < 0.025, respectively, for both proteins). Bone lesions revealed significant positive correlation with both DKK-1 (p < 0.05) and sclerostin (p < 0.0001). In the course of therapy, significant reduction, more prominent after ASCT, was observed for both parameters in each treatment point compared to the baseline (p < 0.0001). Markedly lower sclerostin (p < 0.01) and DKK-1 (p < 0.05) values were observed in patients with complete and very good partial response compared to those with partial response, stable, or progressive disease. Sclerostin and DKK-1 in NDMM patients reflect the MBD severity and the effect of therapy. Both proteins could represent a novel tool for better disease monitoring and effectiveness of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Gerov
- Clinic of Hematology, "St. Marina" University Hospital, 9010 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Daniela Gerova
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Varna, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Ilina Micheva
- Clinic of Hematology, "St. Marina" University Hospital, 9010 Varna, Bulgaria
- Second Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Varna, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Miglena Nikolova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Galya Mihaylova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Bistra Galunska
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
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8
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Ngomdir L, Bharathwaj VV, Nimmy P, Sindhu R, Dhamodhar D, Sathiyapriya S, Prabu D, RajMohan M. Therapeutic Use of Anti-Sclerostin Antibody in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2023; 15:S738-S741. [PMID: 37654355 PMCID: PMC10466553 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_560_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a malignant cancerous condition that is characterized by abnormal plasma cell production and can lead to bone destruction due to increased osteoclastic activity and decreased osteoblastic activity. Many therapeutic therapies are used to treat diseases, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In recent years, anti-sclerostin antibody treatment has been under investigation for its effect on the multiple myeloma. The present study was conducted to assess the effective therapeutic use of anti-sclerostin antibody in the treatment of multiple myeloma. The literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed Central using the following MeSH terms: "multiple myeloma", "anti-sclerostin antibody", "ubiquitin-proteasome pathway", "proteasome inhibitor", "Wnt pathway". A total of 348 articles were screened. Twenty-five out of 348 were full-text articles assessed for eligibility, and four articles were used in this systematic review. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used for the reporting of this systematic review. A total of four randomized control trials (RCT) were included and used in this systematic review. The anti-sclerostin antibodies were various other drugs, and it was found that the anti-sclerostin antibody was effective in preventing autoantibody formation, decreasing bone destruction, and increasing trabecular bone. Anti-sclerostin antibody was found to be effective in decreasing bone destruction by reducing osteoclastic activity and increasing osteoblastic activity associated with multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Ngomdir
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V V Bharathwaj
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Nimmy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Sindhu
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dinesh Dhamodhar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Sathiyapriya
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D Prabu
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M RajMohan
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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9
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Anloague A, Delgado-Calle J. Osteocytes: New Kids on the Block for Cancer in Bone Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2645. [PMID: 37174109 PMCID: PMC10177382 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays a central role in the onset and progression of cancer in the bone. Cancer cells, either from tumors originating in the bone or from metastatic cancer cells from other body systems, are located in specialized niches where they interact with different cells of the bone marrow. These interactions transform the bone into an ideal niche for cancer cell migration, proliferation, and survival and cause an imbalance in bone homeostasis that severely affects the integrity of the skeleton. During the last decade, preclinical studies have identified new cellular mechanisms responsible for the dependency between cancer cells and bone cells. In this review, we focus on osteocytes, long-lived cells residing in the mineral matrix that have recently been identified as key players in the spread of cancer in bone. We highlight the most recent discoveries on how osteocytes support tumor growth and promote bone disease. Additionally, we discuss how the reciprocal crosstalk between osteocytes and cancer cells provides the opportunity to develop new therapeutic strategies to treat cancer in the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aric Anloague
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Jesus Delgado-Calle
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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10
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Lungu O, Toscani D, Burroughs-Garcia J, Giuliani N. The Metabolic Features of Osteoblasts: Implications for Multiple Myeloma (MM) Bone Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054893. [PMID: 36902326 PMCID: PMC10003241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of osteoblast (OB) metabolism has recently received increased attention due to the considerable amount of energy used during the bone remodeling process. In addition to glucose, the main nutrient for the osteoblast lineages, recent data highlight the importance of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism in providing the fuel necessary for the proper functioning of OBs. Among the amino acids, it has been reported that OBs are largely dependent on glutamine (Gln) for their differentiation and activity. In this review, we describe the main metabolic pathways governing OBs' fate and functions, both in physiological and pathological malignant conditions. In particular, we focus on multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease, which is characterized by a severe imbalance in OB differentiation due to the presence of malignant plasma cells into the bone microenvironment. Here, we describe the most important metabolic alterations involved in the inhibition of OB formation and activity in MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Lungu
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Denise Toscani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Giuliani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence:
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11
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Schäfer J, Wenck N, Janik K, Linnert J, Stingl K, Kohl S, Nagel-Wolfrum K, Wolfrum U. The Usher syndrome 1C protein harmonin regulates canonical Wnt signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1130058. [PMID: 36846582 PMCID: PMC9944737 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1130058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Usher syndrome (USH) is the most common form of hereditary combined deaf-blindness. USH is a complex genetic disorder, and the pathomechanisms underlying the disease are far from being understood, especially in the eye and retina. The USH1C gene encodes the scaffold protein harmonin which organizes protein networks due to binary interactions with other proteins, such as all USH proteins. Interestingly, only the retina and inner ear show a disease-related phenotype, although USH1C/harmonin is almost ubiquitously expressed in the human body and upregulated in colorectal cancer. We show that harmonin binds to β-catenin, the key effector of the canonical Wnt (cWnt) signaling pathway. We also demonstrate the interaction of the scaffold protein USH1C/harmonin with the stabilized acetylated β-catenin, especially in nuclei. In HEK293T cells, overexpression of USH1C/harmonin significantly reduced cWnt signaling, but a USH1C-R31* mutated form did not. Concordantly, we observed an increase in cWnt signaling in dermal fibroblasts derived from an USH1C R31*/R80Pfs*69 patient compared with healthy donor cells. RNAseq analysis reveals that both the expression of genes related to the cWnt signaling pathway and cWnt target genes were significantly altered in USH1C patient-derived fibroblasts compared to healthy donor cells. Finally, we show that the altered cWnt signaling was reverted in USH1C patient fibroblast cells by the application of Ataluren, a small molecule suitable to induce translational read-through of nonsense mutations, hereby restoring some USH1C expression. Our results demonstrate a cWnt signaling phenotype in USH establishing USH1C/harmonin as a suppressor of the cWnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Schäfer
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology and Photoreceptor Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nicole Wenck
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology and Photoreceptor Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Janik
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology and Photoreceptor Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joshua Linnert
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology and Photoreceptor Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katarina Stingl
- Centre for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Kohl
- Centre for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Nagel-Wolfrum
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology and Photoreceptor Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany,Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Uwe Wolfrum
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology and Photoreceptor Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany,*Correspondence: Uwe Wolfrum,
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12
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Fairfield H, Condruti R, Farrell M, Di Iorio R, Gartner CA, Vary C, Reagan MR. Development and characterization of three cell culture systems to investigate the relationship between primary bone marrow adipocytes and myeloma cells. Front Oncol 2023; 12:912834. [PMID: 36713534 PMCID: PMC9874147 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.912834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The unique properties of the bone marrow (BM) allow for migration and proliferation of multiple myeloma (MM) cells while also providing the perfect environment for development of quiescent, drug-resistant MM cell clones. BM adipocytes (BMAds) have recently been identified as important contributors to systemic adipokine levels, bone strength, hematopoiesis, and progression of metastatic and primary BM cancers, such as MM. Recent studies in myeloma suggest that BMAds can be reprogrammed by tumor cells to contribute to myeloma-induced bone disease, and, reciprocally, BMAds support MM cells in vitro. Importantly, most data investigating BMAds have been generated using adipocytes generated by differentiating BM-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) into adipocytes in vitro using adipogenic media, due to the extreme technical challenges associated with isolating and culturing primary adipocytes. However, if studies could be performed with primary adipocytes, then they likely will recapitulate in vivo biology better than BMSC-derived adipocytes, as the differentiation process is artificial and differs from in vivo differentiation, and progenitor cell(s) of the primary BMAd (pBMAds) may not be the same as the BMSCs precursors used for adipogenic differentiation in vitro. Therefore, we developed and refined three methods for culturing pBMAds: two-dimensional (2D) coverslips, 2D transwells, and three-dimensional (3D) silk scaffolds, all of which can be cultured alone or with MM cells to investigate bidirectional tumor-host signaling. To develop an in vitro model with a tissue-like structure to mimic the BM microenvironment, we developed the first 3D, tissue engineered model utilizing pBMAds derived from human BM. We found that pBMAds, which are extremely fragile, can be isolated and stably cultured in 2D for 10 days and in 3D for up to 4 week in vitro. To investigate the relationship between pBMAds and myeloma, MM cells can be added to investigate physical relationships through confocal imaging and soluble signaling molecules via mass spectrometry. In summary, we developed three in vitro cell culture systems to study pBMAds and myeloma cells, which could be adapted to investigate many diseases and biological processes involving the BM, including other bone-homing tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Fairfield
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME, United States,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Mariah Farrell
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME, United States,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Reagan Di Iorio
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME, United States,University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
| | - Carlos A. Gartner
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME, United States,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Calvin Vary
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME, United States,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michaela R. Reagan
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME, United States,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States,*Correspondence: Michaela R. Reagan,
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13
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Martiniakova M, Mondockova V, Biro R, Kovacova V, Babikova M, Zemanova N, Ciernikova S, Omelka R. The link between bone-derived factors osteocalcin, fibroblast growth factor 23, sclerostin, lipocalin 2 and tumor bone metastasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1113547. [PMID: 36926025 PMCID: PMC10012867 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1113547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The skeleton is the third most common site of metastatic disease, which causes serious bone complications and short-term prognosis in cancer patients. Prostate and breast cancers are responsible for the majority of bone metastasis, resulting in osteolytic or osteoblastic lesions. The crosstalk between bone cells and their interactions with tumor cells are important in the development of lesions. Recently, both preclinical and clinical studies documented the clinical relevance of bone-derived factors, including osteocalcin (OC) and its undercarboxylated form (ucOC), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), sclerostin (SCL), and lipocalin 2 (LCN2) as prognostic tumor biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in bone metastasis. Both OC and ucOC could be useful targets for the prevention of bone metastasis in breast cancer. Moreover, elevated OC level may be a metastatic marker of prostate cancer. FGF23 is particularly important for those forms of cancer that primarily affect bone and/or are characterized by bone metastasis. In other tumor entities, increased FGF23 level is enigmatic. SCL plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of both osteolytic and osteoblastic lesions, as its levels are high in metastatic breast and prostate cancers. Elevated expression levels of LCN2 have been found in aggressive subtypes of cancer. However, its role in anti-metastasis varies significantly between different cancer types. Anyway, all aforementioned bone-derived factors can be used as promising tumor biomarkers. As metastatic bone disease is generally not curable, targeting bone factors represents a new trend in the prevention of bone metastasis and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Martiniakova
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
- *Correspondence: Monika Martiniakova, ; Radoslav Omelka,
| | - Vladimira Mondockova
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Roman Biro
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Kovacova
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Martina Babikova
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Nina Zemanova
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Sona Ciernikova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Radoslav Omelka
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
- *Correspondence: Monika Martiniakova, ; Radoslav Omelka,
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14
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Dao A, McDonald MM, Savage PB, Little DG, Schindeler A. Preventing osteolytic lesions and osteomyelitis in multiple myeloma. J Bone Oncol 2022; 37:100460. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2022.100460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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15
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Dadzie TG, Green AC. The role of the bone microenvironment in regulating myeloma residual disease and treatment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:999939. [PMID: 36072809 PMCID: PMC9441696 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.999939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is an incurable haematological cancer. The increase in targeted therapies has improved the number of myeloma patients achieving a complete response and improved progression-free survival following therapy. However, a low level of disease or minimal residual disease (MRD) still persists which contributes to the inevitable relapse in myeloma patients. MRD has been attributed to the presence of dormant myeloma cells and their subsequent reactivation, which is controlled by the microenvironment and specialised niches within the bone marrow. This contributes to the evasion of the immune system and chemotherapy, eventually leading to relapse. The growth of myeloma tumours are heavily dependent on environmental stimuli from the bone marrow microenvironment, and this plays a key role in myeloma progression. The bone microenvironment also plays a critical role in myeloma bone disease and the development of skeletal-related events. This review focuses on the bone marrow microenvironment in relation to myeloma pathogenesis and cancer dormancy. Moreover, it reviews the current therapies targeting the bone microenvironment to treat myeloma and myeloma bone disease. Lastly, it identifies novel therapeutic targets for myeloma treatment and the associated bone disease.
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16
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Vlashi R, Zhang X, Wu M, Chen G. Wnt signaling: essential roles in osteoblast differentiation, bone metabolism and therapeutic implications for bone and skeletal disorders. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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17
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Bernstein ZS, Kim EB, Raje N. Bone Disease in Multiple Myeloma: Biologic and Clinical Implications. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152308. [PMID: 35954151 PMCID: PMC9367243 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells localized within the bone marrow. Bone disease with associated osteolytic lesions is a hallmark of MM and develops in the majority of MM patients. Approximately half of patients with bone disease will experience skeletal-related events (SREs), such as spinal cord compression and pathologic fractures, which increase the risk of mortality by 20–40%. At the cellular level, bone disease results from a tumor-cell-driven imbalance between osteoclast bone resorption and osteoblast bone formation, thereby creating a favorable cellular environment for bone resorption. The use of osteoclast inhibitory therapies with bisphosphonates, such as zoledronic acid and the RANKL inhibitor denosumab, have been shown to delay and lower the risk of SREs, as well as the need for surgery or radiation therapy to treat severe bone complications. This review outlines our current understanding of the molecular underpinnings of bone disease, available therapeutic options, and highlights recent advances in the management of MM-related bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary S. Bernstein
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - E. Bridget Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Noopur Raje
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence:
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18
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Liu H, He J, Bagheri-Yarmand R, Li Z, Liu R, Wang Z, Bach DH, Huang YH, Lin P, Guise TA, Gagel RF, Yang J. Osteocyte CIITA aggravates osteolytic bone lesions in myeloma. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3684. [PMID: 35760800 PMCID: PMC9237076 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31356-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteolytic destruction is a hallmark of multiple myeloma, resulting from activation of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and reduction of osteoblast-mediated bone formation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation and activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts within a myelomatous microenvironment remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the osteocyte-expressed major histocompatibility complex class II transactivator (CIITA) contributes to myeloma-induced bone lesions. CIITA upregulates the secretion of osteolytic cytokines from osteocytes through acetylation at histone 3 lysine 14 in the promoter of TNFSF11 (encoding RANKL) and SOST (encoding sclerostin), leading to enhanced osteoclastogenesis and decreased osteoblastogenesis. In turn, myeloma cell-secreted 2-deoxy-D-ribose, the product of thymidine catalyzed by the function of thymidine phosphorylase, upregulates CIITA expression in osteocytes through the STAT1/IRF1 signaling pathway. Our work thus broadens the understanding of myeloma-induced osteolysis and indicates a potential strategy for disrupting tumor-osteocyte interaction to prevent or treat patients with myeloma bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jin He
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rozita Bagheri-Yarmand
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zongwei Li
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rui Liu
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Duc-Hiep Bach
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yung-Hsing Huang
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pei Lin
- Department of Hematopathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Theresa A Guise
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert F Gagel
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Jing Yang
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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19
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Sabol HM, Amorim T, Ashby C, Halladay D, Anderson J, Cregor M, Sweet M, Nookaew I, Kurihara N, Roodman GD, Bellido T, Delgado-Calle J. Notch3 signaling between myeloma cells and osteocytes in the tumor niche promotes tumor growth and bone destruction. Neoplasia 2022; 28:100785. [PMID: 35390742 PMCID: PMC8990177 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2022.100785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Notch3 promotes proliferation and enhances the osteoclastogenic potential of multiple myeloma cells. Notch3 mediates the communication between myeloma cells and osteocytes that leads to tumor proliferation. Newly diagnosed MM patients with high Notch3 expression exhibit upregulation of gene signatures associated with cell proliferation and osteoclast formation. Genetic inhibition of Notch3 in MM cells markedly decreases tumor growth and bone destruction in an immunocompetent mouse model of MM disease.
In multiple myeloma (MM), communication via Notch signaling in the tumor niche stimulates tumor progression and bone destruction. We previously showed that osteocytes activate Notch, increase Notch3 expression, and stimulate proliferation in MM cells. We show here that Notch3 inhibition in MM cells reduced MM proliferation, decreased Rankl expression, and abrogated the ability of MM cells to promote osteoclastogenesis. Further, Notch3 inhibition in MM cells partially prevented the Notch activation and increased proliferation induced by osteocytes, demonstrating that Notch3 mediates MM-osteocyte communication. Consistently, pro-proliferative and pro-osteoclastogenic pathways were upregulated in CD138+ cells from newly diagnosed MM patients with high vs. low NOTCH3 expression. These results show that NOTCH3 signaling in MM cells stimulates proliferation and increases their osteoclastogenic potential. In contrast, Notch2 inhibition did not alter MM cell proliferation or communication with osteocytes. Lastly, mice injected with Notch3 knock-down MM cells had a 50% decrease in tumor burden and a 50% reduction in osteolytic lesions than mice bearing control MM cells. Together, these findings identify Notch3 as a mediator of cell communication among MM cells and between MM cells and osteocytes in the MM tumor niche and warrant future studies to exploit Notch3 as a therapeutic target to treat MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley M Sabol
- Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Tânia Amorim
- Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Cody Ashby
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States; Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | - David Halladay
- Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Judith Anderson
- Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Meloney Cregor
- Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Megan Sweet
- Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Intawat Nookaew
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States; Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | - Noriyoshi Kurihara
- Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - G David Roodman
- Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Teresita Bellido
- Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States; Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, United States; Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States
| | - Jesus Delgado-Calle
- Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States; Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States.
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20
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Sobh MM, Abdalbary M, Elnagar S, Nagy E, Elshabrawy N, Abdelsalam M, Asadipooya K, El-Husseini A. Secondary Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092382. [PMID: 35566509 PMCID: PMC9102221 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fragility fracture is a worldwide problem and a main cause of disability and impaired quality of life. It is primarily caused by osteoporosis, characterized by impaired bone quantity and or quality. Proper diagnosis of osteoporosis is essential for prevention of fragility fractures. Osteoporosis can be primary in postmenopausal women because of estrogen deficiency. Secondary forms of osteoporosis are not uncommon in both men and women. Most systemic illnesses and organ dysfunction can lead to osteoporosis. The kidney plays a crucial role in maintaining physiological bone homeostasis by controlling minerals, electrolytes, acid-base, vitamin D and parathyroid function. Chronic kidney disease with its uremic milieu disturbs this balance, leading to renal osteodystrophy. Diabetes mellitus represents the most common secondary cause of osteoporosis. Thyroid and parathyroid disorders can dysregulate the osteoblast/osteoclast functions. Gastrointestinal disorders, malnutrition and malabsorption can result in mineral and vitamin D deficiencies and bone loss. Patients with chronic liver disease have a higher risk of fracture due to hepatic osteodystrophy. Proinflammatory cytokines in infectious, autoimmune, and hematological disorders can stimulate osteoclastogenesis, leading to osteoporosis. Moreover, drug-induced osteoporosis is not uncommon. In this review, we focus on causes, pathogenesis, and management of secondary osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M. Sobh
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (M.M.S.); (M.A.); (S.E.); (E.N.); (N.E.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohamed Abdalbary
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (M.M.S.); (M.A.); (S.E.); (E.N.); (N.E.); (M.A.)
- Division of Nephrology, Bone and Mineral Metabolism, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Sherouk Elnagar
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (M.M.S.); (M.A.); (S.E.); (E.N.); (N.E.); (M.A.)
| | - Eman Nagy
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (M.M.S.); (M.A.); (S.E.); (E.N.); (N.E.); (M.A.)
| | - Nehal Elshabrawy
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (M.M.S.); (M.A.); (S.E.); (E.N.); (N.E.); (M.A.)
| | - Mostafa Abdelsalam
- Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (M.M.S.); (M.A.); (S.E.); (E.N.); (N.E.); (M.A.)
| | - Kamyar Asadipooya
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA;
| | - Amr El-Husseini
- Division of Nephrology, Bone and Mineral Metabolism, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-859-218-0934
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21
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Gau YC, Yeh TJ, Hsu CM, Hsiao SY, Hsiao HH. Pathogenesis and Treatment of Myeloma-Related Bone Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063112. [PMID: 35328533 PMCID: PMC8951013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a hematologic malignancy of plasma cells that causes bone-destructive lesions and associated skeletal-related events (SREs). The pathogenesis of myeloma-related bone disease (MBD) is the imbalance of the bone-remodeling process, which results from osteoclast activation, osteoblast suppression, and the immunosuppressed bone marrow microenvironment. Many important signaling cascades, including the RANKL/RANK/OPG axis, Notch signaling, the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathways, and signaling molecules, such as DKK-1, sclerostin, osteopontin, activin A, chemokines, and interleukins are involved and play critical roles in MBD. Currently, bisphosphonate and denosumab are the gold standard for MBD prevention and treatment. As the molecular mechanisms of MBD become increasingly well understood, novel agents are being thoroughly explored in both preclinical and clinical settings. Herein, we will provide an updated overview of the pathogenesis of MBD, summarize the clinical management and guidelines, and discuss novel bone-modifying therapies for further management of MBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Ching Gau
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (Y.-C.G.); (T.-J.Y.); (C.-M.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jang Yeh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (Y.-C.G.); (T.-J.Y.); (C.-M.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Mu Hsu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (Y.-C.G.); (T.-J.Y.); (C.-M.H.)
| | - Samuel Yien Hsiao
- Department of Biology, University of Rutgers-Camden, Camden, NJ 08102, USA;
| | - Hui-Hua Hsiao
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (Y.-C.G.); (T.-J.Y.); (C.-M.H.)
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +816-7-3162429
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22
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Peng F, Yan S, Liu H, Liu Z, Jiang F, Cao P, Fu R. Roles of LINC01473 and CD74 in osteoblasts in multiple myeloma bone disease. J Investig Med 2022; 70:1301-1307. [PMID: 35145037 PMCID: PMC9240337 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The suppression of osteoblast (OB) activity is partially responsible for multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a vital role in bone formation and resorption. However, their functions in OBs from patients with MM have rarely been reported. Through high-throughput sequencing of OBs from patients with MM and healthy controls, we identified several lncRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) with different expression profile and validated them using quantitative real-time PCR. In total, 22 upregulated and 21 downregulated lncRNAs were found in OBs from patients with MM. Moreover, 18 upregulated protein-coding mRNAs were identified. The expression levels of LINC01473 and its associated co-expression mRNA, CD74, were higher in patients with MM than in healthy controls (p=0.047 and p=0.016, respectively). LINC01473 expression demonstrated a negative correlation with serum interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor α levels, whereas the expression of mRNA CD74 was positively associated with serum lactic dehydrogenase in patients with MM. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs was observed in OBs from patients with MM. This study identifies new promising targets for further research on imbalanced bone formation and resorption and MM immune escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengping Peng
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Siyang Yan
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoyun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengjuan Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Panpan Cao
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Fu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Vasiliadis ES, Evangelopoulos DS, Kaspiris A, Benetos IS, Vlachos C, Pneumaticos SG. The Role of Sclerostin in Bone Diseases. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030806. [PMID: 35160258 PMCID: PMC8836457 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerostin has been identified as an important regulator of bone homeostasis through inhibition of the canonical Wnt-signaling pathway, and it is involved in the pathogenesis of many different skeletal diseases. Many studies have been published in the last few years regarding sclerostin’s origin, regulation, and mechanism of action. The ongoing research emphasizes the potential therapeutic implications of sclerostin in many pathological conditions with or without skeletal involvement. Antisclerostin antibodies have recently been approved for the treatment of osteoporosis, and several animal studies and clinical trials are currently under way to evaluate the effectiveness of antisclerostin antibodies in the treatment of other than osteoporosis skeletal disorders and cancer with promising results. Understanding the exact role of sclerostin may lead to new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of skeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias S. Vasiliadis
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, 16541 Athens, Greece; (D.-S.E.); (I.S.B.); (C.V.); (S.G.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-21-3208-6000
| | - Dimitrios-Stergios Evangelopoulos
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, 16541 Athens, Greece; (D.-S.E.); (I.S.B.); (C.V.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Angelos Kaspiris
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Division for Orthopaedic Research, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece;
| | - Ioannis S. Benetos
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, 16541 Athens, Greece; (D.-S.E.); (I.S.B.); (C.V.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Christos Vlachos
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, 16541 Athens, Greece; (D.-S.E.); (I.S.B.); (C.V.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Spyros G. Pneumaticos
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, KAT Hospital, 16541 Athens, Greece; (D.-S.E.); (I.S.B.); (C.V.); (S.G.P.)
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Abstract
Osteocytes, former osteoblasts encapsulated by mineralized bone matrix, are far from being passive and metabolically inactive bone cells. Instead, osteocytes are multifunctional and dynamic cells capable of integrating hormonal and mechanical signals and transmitting them to effector cells in bone and in distant tissues. Osteocytes are a major source of molecules that regulate bone homeostasis by integrating both mechanical cues and hormonal signals that coordinate the differentiation and function of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Osteocyte function is altered in both rare and common bone diseases, suggesting that osteocyte dysfunction is directly involved in the pathophysiology of several disorders affecting the skeleton. Advances in osteocyte biology initiated the development of novel therapeutics interfering with osteocyte-secreted molecules. Moreover, osteocytes are targets and key distributors of biological signals mediating the beneficial effects of several bone therapeutics used in the clinic. Here we review the most recent discoveries in osteocyte biology demonstrating that osteocytes regulate bone homeostasis and bone marrow fat via paracrine signaling, influence body composition and energy metabolism via endocrine signaling, and contribute to the damaging effects of diabetes mellitus and hematologic and metastatic cancers in the skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Delgado-Calle
- 1Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas,2Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Teresita Bellido
- 1Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas,2Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas,3Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW While the function of osteocytes under physiologic conditions is well defined, their role and involvement in cancer disease remains relatively unexplored, especially in a context of non-bone metastatic cancer. This review will focus on describing the more advanced knowledge regarding the interactions between osteocytes and cancer. RECENT FINDINGS We will discuss the involvement of osteocytes in the onset and progression of osteosarcoma, with the common bone cancers, as well as the interaction that is established between osteocytes and multiple myeloma. Mechanisms responsible for cancer dissemination to bone, as frequently occur with advanced breast and prostate cancers, will be reviewed. While a role for osteocytes in the stimulation and proliferation of cancer cells has been reported, protective effects of osteocytes against bone colonization have been described as well, thus increasing ambiguity regarding the role of osteocytes in cancer progression and dissemination. Lastly, supporting the idea that skeletal defects can occur also in the absence of direct cancer dissemination or osteolytic lesions directly adjacent to the bone, our recent findings will be presented showing that in the absence of bone metastases, the bone microenvironment and, particularly, osteocytes, can manifest a clear and dramatic response to the distant, non-metastatic tumor. Our observations support new studies to clarify whether treatments designed to preserve the osteocytes can be combined with traditional anticancer therapies, even when bone is not directly affected by tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Pin
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Matt Prideaux
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lynda F Bonewald
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrea Bonetto
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 980 W Walnut Street, R3-C522, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Antitumor Effect of Sclerostin against Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13236015. [PMID: 34885123 PMCID: PMC8656567 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Osteosarcoma is highly variable and heterogeneous, which is one of the reasons for its resistance to treatment. Because osteosarcoma is defined by abnormal bone formation, we hypothesize its suppression could lead to effective treatment for all types of osteosarcomas. Sclerostin is secreted by osteocytes and inhibits the canonical pathway by binding to LRP5/6, thereby suppressing bone formation. The resulting suppression of bone formation leads to bone loss and osteoporosis. Here, we investigated the antitumor effect of sclerostin against osteosarcoma and found that sclerostin suppressed the proliferative capacity and migratory ability of osteosarcoma cells. Abstract Various risk factors and causative genes of osteosarcoma have been reported in the literature; however, its etiology remains largely unknown. Bone formation is a shared phenomenon in all types of osteosarcomas, and sclerostin is an extracellular soluble factor secreted by osteocytes that prevents bone formation by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway. We aimed to investigate the antitumor effect of sclerostin against osteosarcoma. Osteosarcoma model mice were prepared by transplantation into the dorsal region of C3H/He and BALB/c-nu/nu mice using osteosarcoma cell lines LM8 (murine) and 143B (human), respectively. Cell proliferations were evaluated by using alamarBlue and scratch assays. The migratory ability of the cells was evaluated using a migration assay. Sclerostin was injected intraperitoneally for 7 days to examine the suppression of tumor size and extension of survival. The administration of sclerostin to osteosarcoma cells significantly inhibited the growth and migratory ability of osteosarcoma cells. Kaplan–Meier curves and survival data demonstrated that sclerostin significantly inhibited tumor growth and improved survival. Sclerostin suppressed the proliferative capacity and migratory ability of osteosarcoma cells. Osteosarcoma model mice inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival periods by the administration of sclerostin. The effect of existing anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin should be investigated for future clinical applications.
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27
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Pathogenesis and treatment of multiple myeloma bone disease. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2021; 57:164-173. [PMID: 34611468 PMCID: PMC8477206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (Plasma cell myeloma), a malignancy of the plasma cells, exhibits tumor expansion preferentially in the bone marrow and the development of bone-destructive lesions. Multiple myeloma is still an incurable disease with changes in the bone marrow microenvironment in favor of the survival and proliferation of multiple myeloma cells and bone destruction. In this review, we described the recent findings on the regulators involved in the development of myeloma bone diseases, and succinctly summarize currently available therapeutic options and the development of novel bone modifying agents for myeloma treatment.
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Yuan Y, Guo M, Gu C, Yang Y. The role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the pathogenesis and treatment of multiple myeloma (review). Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:9932-9949. [PMID: 34650674 PMCID: PMC8507016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a refractory hematological malignancy characterized by aberrant accumulation of plasma cells. Patients with MM are susceptible to becoming resistant to chemotherapy, eventually leading to relapse. Progression of MM is largely dependent on the bone marrow microenvironment. Stromal cells in the bone marrow microenvironment secrete Wnt ligands to activate Wnt signaling in MM, which is mediated through the transcription regulator β-catenin. In addition, Wnt/β-catenin pathway encourages osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, dysregulation of which is responsible for proliferation and drug resistance of MM cells. As a result, direct inhibition or silencing of β-catenin or associated genes in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway has been proposed to be an effective therapeutic anti-MM strategy. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in MM remains to be fully elucidated. Herein, we summarized research advances on the specific genes and molecular biology process of Wnt/β-catenin pathway involved in tumorigenesis of MM, as well as the interaction with bone marrow microenvironment. Additionally, comprehensive summaries of drugs or small molecule inhibitors acting on Wnt/β-catenin pathway and targeting MM were introduced. This review intends to provide an overview of theoretical supports for novel Wnt/β-catenin pathway based treatment strategies in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Yuan
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210022, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengjie Guo
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunyan Gu
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210022, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210022, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
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29
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Myeloma-Bone Interaction: A Vicious Cycle via TAK1-PIM2 Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174441. [PMID: 34503251 PMCID: PMC8431187 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Myeloma cells interact with their ambient cells in the bone, such as bone marrow stromal cells, osteoclasts, and osteocytes, resulting in enhancement of osteoclastogenesis and inhibition of osteoblastogenesis while enhancing their growth and drug resistance. The activation of the TAK1–PIM2 signaling axis appears to be vital for this mutual interaction, posing it as an important therapeutic target to suppress tumor expansion and ameliorate bone destruction in multiple myeloma. Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) has a propensity to develop preferentially in bone and form bone-destructive lesions. MM cells enhance osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption through activation of the RANKL–NF-κB signaling pathway while suppressing bone formation by inhibiting osteoblastogenesis from bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) by factors elaborated in the bone marrow and bone in MM, including the soluble Wnt inhibitors DKK-1 and sclerostin, activin A, and TGF-β, resulting in systemic bone destruction with loss of bone. Osteocytes have been drawn attention as multifunctional regulators in bone metabolism. MM cells induce apoptosis in osteocytes to trigger the production of factors, including RANKL, sclerostin, and DKK-1, to further exacerbate bone destruction. Bone lesions developed in MM, in turn, provide microenvironments suited for MM cell growth/survival, including niches to foster MM cells and their precursors. Thus, MM cells alter the microenvironments through bone destruction in the bone where they reside, which in turn potentiates tumor growth and survival, thereby generating a vicious loop between tumor progression and bone destruction. The serine/threonine kinases PIM2 and TAK1, an upstream mediator of PIM2, are overexpressed in bone marrow stromal cells and osteoclasts as well in MM cells in bone lesions. Upregulation of the TAK1–PIM2 pathway plays a critical role in tumor expansion and bone destruction, posing the TAK1–PIM2 pathway as a pivotal therapeutic target in MM.
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30
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Johnson AA, Shokhirev MN, Lehallier B. The protein inputs of an ultra-predictive aging clock represent viable anti-aging drug targets. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 70:101404. [PMID: 34242807 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Machine learning models capable of predicting age given a set of inputs are referred to as aging clocks. We recently developed an aging clock that utilizes 491 plasma protein inputs, has an exceptional accuracy, and is capable of measuring biological age. Here, we demonstrate that this clock is extremely predictive (r = 0.95) when used to measure age in a novel plasma proteomic dataset derived from 370 human subjects aged 18-69 years. Over-representation analyses of the proteins that make up this clock in the Gene Ontology and Reactome databases predominantly implicated innate and adaptive immune system processes. Immunological drugs and various age-related diseases were enriched in the DrugBank and GLAD4U databases. By performing an extensive literature review, we find that at least 269 (54.8 %) of these inputs regulate lifespan and/or induce changes relevant to age-related disease when manipulated in an animal model. We also show that, in a large plasma proteomic dataset, the majority (57.2 %) of measurable clock proteins significantly change their expression level with human age. Different subsets of proteins were overlapped with distinct epigenetic, transcriptomic, and proteomic aging clocks. These findings indicate that the inputs of this age predictor likely represent a rich source of anti-aging drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maxim N Shokhirev
- Razavi Newman Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, United States
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31
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Silva PPB, Pereira RMR, Takayama L, Borba CG, Duarte FH, Trarbach EB, Martin RM, Bronstein MD, Tritos NA, Jallad RS. Impaired Bone Microarchitecture in Premenopausal Women With Acromegaly: The Possible Role of Wnt Signaling. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:2690-2706. [PMID: 33871626 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Acromegaly can impair bone integrity, increasing the risk of vertebral fractures (VFs). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of isolated GH/IGF-I hypersecretion on bone turnover markers, Wnt inhibitors, bone mineral density (BMD), microarchitecture, bone strength and vertebral fractures in female patients with acromegaly (Acro), compared with healthy control group (HC). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS Cross-sectional study including 83 premenopausal women without any pituitary deficiency:18 acromegaly in remission (AcroR), 12 in group with active acromegaly (AcroA), and 53 HC. Serum procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide, β-carboxy-terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type 1 collagen, osteocalcin, sclerostin, and DKK1 were measured in blood samples. dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and vertebral fractures evaluation were also assessed simultaneously. MAIN OUTCOME AND RESULTS AcroA showed significantly lower sclerostin and higher DKK1 compared with HC. On HR-pQCT of tibia and radius, Acro showed impairment of trabecular (area and trabecular number), increased cortical porosity, and increased cortical area and cortical thickness compared with HC. The only significant correlation found with HR-pQCT parameters was a positive correlation between cortical porosity and serum DKK1 (R = 0.45, P = 0.044). Mild VFs were present in approximately 30% of patients. CONCLUSIONS Eugonadal women with acromegaly without any pituitary deficiency showed increased cortical BMD, impairment of trabecular bone microstructure, and increased VF. Sclerostin was not correlated with any HR-pQCT parameters; however, DKK1 was correlated with cortical porosity in tibia (P = 0.027). Additional studies are needed to clarify the role of Wnt inhibitors on bone microarchitecture impairment in acromegaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula P B Silva
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP 05403-010, Brazil
| | - Rosa M R Pereira
- Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP 01246903, Brazil
- Rheumatology Division Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05403-010, Brazil
| | - Liliam Takayama
- Rheumatology Division Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05403-010, Brazil
| | - Clarissa G Borba
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP 05403-010, Brazil
| | - Felipe H Duarte
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP 05403-010, Brazil
| | - Ericka B Trarbach
- Laboratorio de Endocrinologia Celular e Molecular/LIM25, Disciplina de Endocrinologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 01246903, Brasil
| | - Regina Matsunaga Martin
- Diseases Unit Osteometabolic, Endocrinology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (HC-FMUSP), São Paulo, SP 05403-010, Brazil
| | - Marcello D Bronstein
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP 05403-010, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Endocrinologia Celular e Molecular/LIM25, Disciplina de Endocrinologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 01246903, Brasil
| | - Nicholas A Tritos
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Raquel S Jallad
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP 05403-010, Brazil
- Laboratorio de Endocrinologia Celular e Molecular/LIM25, Disciplina de Endocrinologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 01246903, Brasil
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32
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Sabol HM, Ferrari AJ, Adhikari M, Amorim T, McAndrews K, Anderson J, Vigolo M, Lehal R, Cregor M, Khan S, Cuevas PL, Helms JA, Kurihara N, Srinivasan V, Ebetino FH, Boeckman RK, Roodman GD, Bellido T, Delgado-Calle J. Targeting Notch inhibitors to the myeloma bone marrow niche decreases tumor growth and bone destruction without gut toxicity. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5102-5114. [PMID: 34348968 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inhibition of Notch with γ-secretase inhibitors (GSI) decreases multiple myeloma (MM) tumor growth, but the clinical use of GSI is limited due to its severe gastrointestinal toxicity. In this study, we generated a GSI Notch inhibitor specifically directed to the bone (BT-GSI). BT-GSI administration decreased Notch target gene expression in the bone marrow, but it did not alter Notch signaling in intestinal tissue or induce gut toxicity. In mice with established human or murine MM, treatment with BT-GSI decreased tumor burden and prevented the progression of MM-induced osteolytic disease by inhibiting bone resorption more effectively than unconjugated GSI at equimolar doses. These findings show that BT-GSI has dual anti-myeloma and anti-restorative properties, supporting the therapeutic approach of bone-targeted Notch inhibition for the treatment of MM and associated bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley M Sabol
- Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
| | - Adam J Ferrari
- Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Manish Adhikari
- Phyiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
| | - Tânia Amorim
- Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | | | - Judith Anderson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Indiana University Bloomington
| | | | | | - Meloney Cregor
- Phyiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
| | - Sharmin Khan
- Phyiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
| | - Pedro L Cuevas
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Jill A Helms
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Teresita Bellido
- Phyiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
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33
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Liu S, Wu D, Sun X, Fan Y, Zha R, Jalali A, Feng Y, Li K, Sano T, Vike N, Li F, Rispoli J, Sudo A, Liu J, Robling A, Nakshatri H, Li BY, Yokota H. Overexpression of Lrp5 enhanced the anti-breast cancer effects of osteocytes in bone. Bone Res 2021; 9:32. [PMID: 34230453 PMCID: PMC8260600 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteocytes are the most abundant cells in bone, which is a frequent site of breast cancer metastasis. Here, we focused on Wnt signaling and evaluated tumor-osteocyte interactions. In animal experiments, mammary tumor cells were inoculated into the mammary fat pad and tibia. The role of Lrp5-mediated Wnt signaling was examined by overexpressing and silencing Lrp5 in osteocytes and establishing a conditional knockout mouse model. The results revealed that administration of osteocytes or their conditioned medium (CM) inhibited tumor progression and osteolysis. Osteocytes overexpressing Lrp5 or β-catenin displayed strikingly elevated tumor-suppressive activity, accompanied by downregulation of tumor-promoting chemokines and upregulation of apoptosis-inducing and tumor-suppressing proteins such as p53. The antitumor effect was also observed with osteocyte-derived CM that was pretreated with a Wnt-activating compound. Notably, silencing Lrp5 in tumors inhibited tumor progression, while silencing Lrp5 in osteocytes in conditional knockout mice promoted tumor progression. Osteocytes exhibited elevated Lrp5 expression in response to tumor cells, implying that osteocytes protect bone through canonical Wnt signaling. Thus, our results suggest that the Lrp5/β-catenin axis activates tumor-promoting signaling in tumor cells but tumor-suppressive signaling in osteocytes. We envision that osteocytes with Wnt activation potentially offer a novel cell-based therapy for breast cancer and osteolytic bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rongrong Zha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Aydin Jalali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tomohiko Sano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Nicole Vike
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Fangjia Li
- Department of Physics, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joseph Rispoli
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Akihiro Sudo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Physics, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Alexander Robling
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. .,Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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34
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Lu H, Pundole X, Lee HC. The role of bone-modifying agents in myeloma bone disease. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10518. [PMID: 34368608 PMCID: PMC8328802 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone disease is common in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), which manifests as bone pain and skeletal-related events (SREs) such as pathological fractures and spinal cord compression. Myeloma bone disease (MBD) can adversely affect the quality of life of patients and have negative effects on morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of MBD is complex, and several factors are involved in the dysregulation of bone metabolism and uncoupling of bone remodeling, which result in net bone loss and devastating SREs. Broadly speaking, elevated osteoclast activity, suppressed osteoblast activity, and an aberrant marrow microenvironment play a role in MBD. Interaction of MM cells with the main bone cell osteocytes also promote further bone destruction. This review focuses on the role of bone-modifying agents in the prevention and treatment of MBD. The mainstay of MBD prevention are antiresorptive agents, bisphosphonates and denosumab. However, these agents do not play a direct role in bone formation and repair of existing MBD. Newer agents with anabolic effects such as anti-sclerostin antibodies, parathyroid hormone, anti-Dickkopf-1 antibodies, and others have shown potential in repair of MBD lesions. With the development of several new agents, the treatment landscape of MBD is likely to evolve in the coming years. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Lu
- Department of General Internal Medicine Section of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Houston Texas USA
| | - Xerxes Pundole
- Department of Health Services Research The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA.,Present address: Amgen Inc. Thousand Oaks CA USA
| | - Hans C Lee
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA
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Adhikari M, Delgado-Calle J. Role of Osteocytes in Cancer Progression in the Bone and the Associated Skeletal Disease. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2021; 19:247-255. [PMID: 33818732 PMCID: PMC8486016 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-021-00679-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this manuscript is to review the current knowledge on the role of osteocytes in cancer in the bone, discuss the potential of osteocytes as a therapeutic target, and propose future research needed to understand the crosstalk between cancer cells and osteocytes in the tumor niche. RECENT FINDINGS Numerous studies have established that cancer cells manipulate osteocytes to facilitate invasion and tumor progression in bone. Moreover, cancer cells dysregulate osteocyte function to disrupt physiological bone remodeling, leading to the development of bone disease. Targeting osteocytes and their derived factors has proven to effectively interfere with the progression of cancer in the bone and the associated bone disease. Osteocytes communicate with cancer cells and are also part of the vicious cycle of cancer in the bone. Additional studies investigating the role of osteocytes on metastases to the bone and the development of drug resistance are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Adhikari
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Jesús Delgado-Calle
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
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Sabol HM, Delgado-Calle J. The multifunctional role of Notch signaling in multiple myeloma. JOURNAL OF CANCER METASTASIS AND TREATMENT 2021; 7:20. [PMID: 34778567 PMCID: PMC8589324 DOI: 10.20517/2394-4722.2021.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic cancer characterized by uncontrolled growth of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow and currently is incurable. The bone marrow microenvironment plays a critical role in MM. MM cells reside in specialized niches where they interact with multiple marrow cell types, transforming the bone/bone marrow compartment into an ideal microenvironment for the migration, proliferation, and survival of MM cells. In addition, MM cells interact with bone cells to stimulate bone destruction and promote the development of bone lesions that rarely heal. In this review, we discuss how Notch signals facilitate the communication between adjacent MM cells and between MM cells and bone/bone marrow cells and shape the microenvironment to favor MM progression and bone disease. We also address the potential and therapeutic approaches used to target Notch signaling in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley M Sabol
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Jesus Delgado-Calle
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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Ziouti F, Rummler M, Steyn B, Thiele T, Seliger A, Duda GN, Bogen B, Willie BM, Jundt F. Prevention of Bone Destruction by Mechanical Loading Is Not Enhanced by the Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CC-292 in Myeloma Bone Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083840. [PMID: 33917250 PMCID: PMC8067978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Limiting bone resorption and regenerating bone tissue are treatment goals in myeloma bone disease (MMBD). Physical stimuli such as mechanical loading prevent bone destruction and enhance bone mass in the MOPC315.BM.Luc model of MMBD. It is unknown whether treatment with the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor CC-292 (spebrutinib), which regulates osteoclast differentiation and function, augments the anabolic effect of mechanical loading. CC-292 was administered alone and in combination with axial compressive tibial loading in the MOPC315.BM.Luc model for three weeks. However, neither CC-292 alone nor its use in combination with mechanical loading was more effective in reducing osteolytic bone disease or rescuing bone mass than mechanical stimuli alone, as evidenced by microcomputed tomography (microCT) and histomorphometric analysis. Further studies are needed to investigate novel anti-myeloma and anti-resorptive strategies in combination with physical stimuli to improve treatment of MMBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani Ziouti
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Maximilian Rummler
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, QC H4A 0A9, Canada; (M.R.); (B.S.)
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Julius Wolff Institute and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité−Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.T.); (A.S.); (G.N.D.)
| | - Beatrice Steyn
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, QC H4A 0A9, Canada; (M.R.); (B.S.)
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Tobias Thiele
- Julius Wolff Institute and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité−Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.T.); (A.S.); (G.N.D.)
| | - Anne Seliger
- Julius Wolff Institute and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité−Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.T.); (A.S.); (G.N.D.)
| | - Georg N. Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité−Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.T.); (A.S.); (G.N.D.)
| | - Bjarne Bogen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Bettina M. Willie
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, QC H4A 0A9, Canada; (M.R.); (B.S.)
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Julius Wolff Institute and Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité−Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (T.T.); (A.S.); (G.N.D.)
- Correspondence: (B.M.W.); (F.J.)
| | - Franziska Jundt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.M.W.); (F.J.)
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Wu Z, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Zhu Y, Xie Y, Zhou F, Cai L. Elevation of miR-302b prevents multiple myeloma cell growth and bone destruction by blocking DKK1 secretion. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:187. [PMID: 33789678 PMCID: PMC8011228 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01887-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloma bone disease (MBD) is a severe complication of multiple myeloma (MM) mainly due to an imbalance between enhanced osteoclast activity and reduced osteoblast function. Previous studies have demonstrated that miRNAs play a vital role in the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in MM. However, the value of miR‑302b in MBD remains to be further elucidated. The aim of this study is to explore the role of miR‑302b in the regulation of MBD osteogenic differentiation and evaluate the potential of a new therapeutic strategy for the clinical treatment of MBD. METHOD Our previous research demonstrated that MiR-302b belongs to the miR-302 cluster and is able to inhibit tumor growth and osteolysis in an orthotopic osteosarcoma xenograft tumor mouse model. In this study, we first transfected miR-302b mimics, miR-302b inhibitor, and miR-302b NC into MM1.S and RPMI8226 MM cells to detect the correlation between miR-302b expression in the pathological specimens and the clinicopathological features by qPCR, the target correlation between miR-302b and DKK1 by immunohistochemistry, qPCR and Western blot, and the correlation between miR-302b and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by Western blot. The effect of miR-302b on osteoblastogenesis was also studied in a subperiosteal tumorigenesis model of NOD/SCID nude mice. RESULTS We found that increased miR-302b suppressed cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in RPMI 8226 and MM1.S cells. TargetScan online bioinformatic analysis predicted that miR-302b is able to bind to 3'UTR of DKK1 mRNA. Target binding of miR-302b to DKK1 was demonstrated by dual-luciferase reporter assay, qPCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry, indicating that miR-302b is able to degrade DKK1 in RPMI 8226 and MM1.S cells. The model of co-culturing MM cells with preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells showed that miR-302b inhibits MM-induced suppression of osteoblast differentiation. Western blotting showed that miR-302b promotes the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in MM cells. Micro-CT and immunohistochemistry results showed that miR-302b suppresses myeloma bone destruction in vivo. CONCLUSION miR-302b is able to target DKK1 and promote the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyu Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufan Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanlong Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuling Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China.
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Du JS, Yen CH, Hsu CM, Hsiao HH. Management of Myeloma Bone Lesions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3389. [PMID: 33806209 PMCID: PMC8036461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell neoplasm characterized by clonal plasma-cell proliferation. The survival and prognosis of this condition have been significantly improved by treatment with active anti-MM drugs such as bortezomib or lenalidomide. Further, the discovery of novel agents has recently paved the way for new areas of investigation. However, MM, including myeloma-related bone diseases, remains fatal. Bone disease or bone destruction in MM is a consequence of skeletal involvement with bone pain, spinal cord compression, and bone fracture resulting from osteolytic lesions. These consequences affect disease outcomes, including patients' quality of life and survival. Several studies have sought to better understand MM bone disease (MBD) through the classification of its molecular mechanisms, including osteoclast activation and osteoblast inhibition. Bisphosphonates and the receptor activator of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) inhibitor, denosumab, prevent skeletal-related events in MM. In addition, several other bone-targeting agents, including bone-anabolic drugs, are currently used in preclinical and early clinical evaluations. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the pathogenesis of MBD and discusses novel agents that appear very promising and will soon enter clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeng-Shiun Du
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (J.-S.D.); (C.-M.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Yen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- National Natural Product Libraries and High-Throughput Screening Core Facility, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Mu Hsu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (J.-S.D.); (C.-M.H.)
| | - Hui-Hua Hsiao
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; (J.-S.D.); (C.-M.H.)
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Sun M, Chen Z, Wu X, Yu Y, Wang L, Lu A, Zhang G, Li F. The Roles of Sclerostin in Immune System and the Applications of Aptamers in Immune-Related Research. Front Immunol 2021; 12:602330. [PMID: 33717084 PMCID: PMC7946814 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.602330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is one of the fundamental pathways that play a major role in almost every aspect of biological systems. In addition to the well-known influence of Wnt signaling on bone formation, its essential role in the immune system also attracted increasing attention. Sclerostin, a confirmed Wnt antagonist, is also proven to modulate the development and differentiation of normal immune cells, particularly B cells. Aptamers, single-stranded (ss) oligonucleotides, are capable of specifically binding to a variety of target molecules by virtue of their unique three-dimensional structures. With in-depth study of those functional nucleic acids, they have been gradually applied to diagnostic and therapeutic area in immune diseases due to their various advantages over antibodies. In this review, we focus on several issues including the roles of Wnt signaling and Wnt antagonist sclerostin in the immune system. For the sake of understanding, current examples of aptamers applications for the immune diseases are also discussed. At the end of this review, we propose our ideas for the future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiheng Sun
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zihao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Wu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Arthritis Research, Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fangfei Li
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
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Hughes AM, Kolb AD, Shupp AB, Shine KM, Bussard KM. Printing the Pathway Forward in Bone Metastatic Cancer Research: Applications of 3D Engineered Models and Bioprinted Scaffolds to Recapitulate the Bone-Tumor Niche. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:507. [PMID: 33572757 PMCID: PMC7865550 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer commonly metastasizes to bone, resulting in osteolytic lesions and poor patient quality of life. The bone extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a critical role in cancer cell metastasis by means of the physical and biochemical cues it provides to support cellular crosstalk. Current two-dimensional in-vitro models lack the spatial and biochemical complexities of the native ECM and do not fully recapitulate crosstalk that occurs between the tumor and endogenous stromal cells. Engineered models such as bone-on-a-chip, extramedullary bone, and bioreactors are presently used to model cellular crosstalk and bone-tumor cell interactions, but fall short of providing a bone-biomimetic microenvironment. Three-dimensional bioprinting allows for the deposition of biocompatible materials and living cells in complex architectures, as well as provides a means to better replicate biological tissue niches in-vitro. In cancer research specifically, 3D constructs have been instrumental in seminal work modeling cancer cell dissemination to bone and bone-tumor cell crosstalk in the skeleton. Furthermore, the use of biocompatible materials, such as hydroxyapatite, allows for printing of bone-like microenvironments with the ability to be implanted and studied in in-vivo animal models. Moreover, the use of bioprinted models could drive the development of novel cancer therapies and drug delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M. Hughes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609, USA;
| | - Alexus D. Kolb
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (A.D.K.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Alison B. Shupp
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (A.D.K.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Kristy M. Shine
- Health Design Lab, Jefferson Bioprinting Lab, Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Karen M. Bussard
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (A.D.K.); (A.B.S.)
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Reagan MR, Fairfield H, Rosen CJ. Bone Marrow Adipocytes: A Link between Obesity and Bone Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:364. [PMID: 33498240 PMCID: PMC7863952 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers that grow in the bone marrow are for most patients scary, painful, and incurable. These cancers are especially hard to treat due to the supportive microenvironment provided by the bone marrow niche in which they reside. New therapies designed to target tumor cells have extended the life expectancy for these patients, but better therapies are needed and new ideas for how to target these cancers are crucial. This need has led researchers to interrogate whether bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds), which increase in number and size during aging and in obesity, contribute to cancer initiation or progression within the bone marrow. Across the globe, the consensus in the field is a unified "yes". However, how to target these adipocytes or the factors they produce and how BMAds interact with different tumor cells are open research questions. Herein, we review this research field, with the goal of accelerating research in the network of laboratories working in this area and attracting bright scientists with new perspectives and ideas to the field in order to bring about better therapies for patients with bone cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela R. Reagan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, ME 04074, USA; (H.F.); (C.J.R.)
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Heather Fairfield
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, ME 04074, USA; (H.F.); (C.J.R.)
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Clifford J. Rosen
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine, ME 04074, USA; (H.F.); (C.J.R.)
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
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Farrell M, Fairfield H, Costa S, D'Amico A, Falank C, Brooks DJ, Reagan MR. Sclerostin-Neutralizing Antibody Treatment Rescues Negative Effects of Rosiglitazone on Mouse Bone Parameters. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:158-169. [PMID: 32845528 PMCID: PMC8080259 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity, a growing pandemic, is a risk factor for many cancers and causes increased bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT). in vitro studies and obese animal models suggest that BMAT contributes to cancer progression, but there is a lack of preclinical models to directly test BMAT's role in cancer. Overactivation of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) can skew bone formation and resorption rates, resulting in increased BMAT and trabecular bone loss. Thiazolidinediones (eg, rosiglitazone) are anti-diabetic therapies that promote adipogenesis through PPARγ activation. We investigated if rosiglitazone increases BMAT in an immunocompromised model, commonly used in cancer research, and if these effects could be reversed by co-administering a bone anabolic agent (sclerostin-neutralizing antibody [Scl-Ab]), which has been shown to inhibit adipogenesis, using DXA, μCT, OsO4 μCT, and dynamic histomorphometry. Four weeks of rosiglitazone in female SCID Beige mice (cohort 1) significantly decreased trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) by about one-half, through increased osteoclast and suppressed osteoblast activity, and significantly increased BMAT. In cohort 2, mice were administered rosiglitazone ± Scl-Ab for 4 weeks, and then rosiglitazone was discontinued and Scl-Ab or vehicle were continued for 6 weeks. Scl-Ab significantly increased bone parameters (eg, BV/TV, N.Ob/B.Pm, and MS/BS) in both groups. Scl-Ab also overcame many negative effects of rosiglitazone (eg, effects on trabecular bone parameters, increased mineralization lag time [MLT], and decreased bone formation rate [BFR]). Interestingly, Scl-Ab significantly decreased rosiglitazone-induced BMAT in the femur, mostly due to a reduction in adipocyte size, but had a much weaker effect on tibial BMAT. These data suggest targeting sclerostin can prevent rosiglitazone-induced bone loss and reduce BM adiposity, in some, but not all BMAT locations. Collectively, our data demonstrate that rosiglitazone increases BMAT in SCID Beige mice, but concomitant changes in bone may confound its use to specifically determine BMAT's role in tumor models. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah Farrell
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA.,Biology Department, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Heather Fairfield
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA.,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samantha Costa
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Anastasia D'Amico
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA.,Biology Department, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Carolyne Falank
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Daniel J Brooks
- Center for Skeletal Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michaela R Reagan
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA.,Biology Department, University of Southern Maine, Portland, ME, USA.,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
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Rummler M, Ziouti F, Bouchard AL, Brandl A, Duda GN, Bogen B, Beilhack A, Lynch ME, Jundt F, Willie BM. Mechanical loading prevents bone destruction and exerts anti-tumor effects in the MOPC315.BM.Luc model of myeloma bone disease. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:247-258. [PMID: 33130307 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone continually adapts to changing external loading conditions via (re)modeling (modeling and remodeling) processes. While physical activity is known to beneficially enhance bone mass in healthy individuals, little is known in how physical stimuli affect osteolytic bone destruction in patients suffering from multiple myeloma bone disease. Multiple myeloma (MM) is caused by malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow, shifting the balance in bone remodeling towards massive resorption. We hypothesized that in vivo tibial mechanical loading has anabolic effects in mice with locally injected MOPC315.BM.Luc cells. Conventional microCT analysis revealed enhanced cortical bone mass and microstructure in loaded compared to nonloaded mice. State-of-the-art time-lapse microCT based image analysis demonstrated bone (re)modeling processes at the endosteal and periosteal surfaces as the underlying causes of increased bone mass. Loading prevented the progression and development of osteolytic destruction. Physical stimuli also diminished local MM cell growth and dissemination evidenced by quantification of MM cell-specific immunoglobulin A levels in the serum of mice and by bioluminescence analysis. These data indicate that mechanical loading not only rescues the bone phenotype, but also exerts cell-extrinsic anti-myeloma effects in the MOPC315.BM.Luc model. In conclusion, the use of physical stimuli should be further investigated as an anabolic treatment for osteolytic bone destruction in patients with MM.
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Terpos E, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I. Controversies in the use of new bone-modifying therapies in multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2020; 193:1034-1043. [PMID: 33249579 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bone-modifying therapies are essential in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma. Zoledronic acid is preferred over other bisphosphonates due to its superiority in reducing the incidence of skeletal-related events and improving survival. The anti-receptor activator of nuclear factor-κΒ ligand (RANKL)-targeted agent denosumab has shown its non-inferiority compared to bisphosphonates in preventing skeletal-related events among newly diagnosed patients with myeloma bone disease. Denosumab may confer a survival benefit in patients eligible for autologous transplantation. Denosumab may present a safer profile for patients with renal impairment. Discontinuation of bone-directed therapies can be considered for patients with deep responses and after an adequate time period on treatment; however, a rebound effect may become evident especially in the case of denosumab. Three-monthly infusions of zoledronic acid or at-home denosumab administration should be considered during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Measures to prevent hypocalcaemia, renal toxicity and osteonecrosis of the jaw are important for all bone-modifying agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Chen J, Yuan X, Pilawski I, Liu X, Delgado-Calle J, Bellido T, Turkkahraman H, Helms JA. Molecular Basis for Craniofacial Phenotypes Caused by Sclerostin Deletion. J Dent Res 2020; 100:310-317. [PMID: 33078679 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520963584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Some genetic disorders are associated with distinctive facial features, which can aid in diagnosis. While considerable advances have been made in identifying causal genes, relatively little progress has been made toward understanding how a particular genotype results in a characteristic craniofacial phenotype. An example is sclerosteosis/van Buchem disease, which is caused by mutations in the Wnt inhibitor sclerostin (SOST). Affected patients have a high bone mass coupled with a distinctive appearance where the mandible is enlarged and the maxilla is foreshortened. Here, mice carrying a null mutation in Sost were analyzed using quantitative micro-computed tomographic (µCT) imaging and histomorphometric analyses to determine the extent to which the size and shape of craniofacial skeleton were altered. Sost-/- mice exhibited a significant increase in appositional bone growth, which increased the height and width of the mandible and reduced the diameters of foramina. In vivo fluorochrome labeling, histology, and immunohistochemical analyses indicated that excessive bone deposition in the premaxillary suture mesenchyme curtailed overall growth, leading to midfacial hypoplasia. The amount of bone extracellular matrix produced by Sost-/- cells was significantly increased; as a consequence, osteoid seams were evident throughout the facial skeleton. Collectively, these analyses revealed a remarkable fidelity between human characteristics of sclerosteosis/van Buchem disease and the Sost-/- phenotype and provide clues into the conserved role for sclerostin signaling in modulating craniofacial morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - X Yuan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - I Pilawski
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - X Liu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - J Delgado-Calle
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, and Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - T Bellido
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University School of Medicine, and Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - H Turkkahraman
- Department of Orthodontics & Oral Facial Genetics, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - J A Helms
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Abstract
Bone is the most frequent site for metastasis for many cancers, notably for tumours originating in the breast and the prostate. Tumour cells can escape from the primary tumour site and colonize the bone microenvironment. Within the bone, these disseminated tumour cells, as well as those arising in the context of multiple myeloma, may assume a state of dormancy, remaining quiescent for years before resuming proliferation and causing overt metastasis, which causes bone destruction via activation of osteoclast-mediated osteolysis. This structural damage can lead to considerable morbidity, including pain, fractures and impaired quality of life. Although treatment of bone metastases and myeloma bone disease is rarely curative, disease control is often possible for many years through the use of systemic anticancer treatments on a background of multidisciplinary supportive care. This care should include bone-targeted agents to inhibit tumour-associated osteolysis and prevent skeletal morbidity as well as use of appropriate local treatments such as radiation therapy, orthopaedic surgery and specialist palliative care to minimize the impact of metastatic bone disease on physical functioning. In this Primer, we provide an overview of the clinical features, the pathophysiology and the specific treatment approaches to prevent and treat bone metastases from solid tumours as well as myeloma bone disease.
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Osteocyte Vegf-a contributes to myeloma-associated angiogenesis and is regulated by Fgf23. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17319. [PMID: 33057033 PMCID: PMC7560700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74352-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple Myeloma (MM) induces bone destruction, decreases bone formation, and increases marrow angiogenesis in patients. We reported that osteocytes (Ocys) directly interact with MM cells to increase tumor growth and expression of Ocy-derived factors that promote bone resorption and suppress bone formation. However, the contribution of Ocys to enhanced marrow vascularization in MM is unclear. Since the MM microenvironment is hypoxic, we assessed if hypoxia and/or interactions with MM cells increases pro-angiogenic signaling in Ocys. Hypoxia and/or co-culture with MM cells significantly increased Vegf-a expression in MLOA5-Ocys, and conditioned media (CM) from MLOA5s or MM-MLOA5 co-cultured in hypoxia, significantly increased endothelial tube length compared to normoxic CM. Further, Vegf-a knockdown in MLOA5s or primary Ocys co-cultured with MM cells or neutralizing Vegf-a in MM-Ocy co-culture CM completely blocked the increased endothelial activity. Importantly, Vegf-a-expressing Ocy numbers were significantly increased in MM-injected mouse bones, positively correlating with tumor vessel area. Finally, we demonstrate that direct contact with MM cells increases Ocy Fgf23, which enhanced Vegf-a expression in Ocys. Fgf23 deletion in Ocys blocked these changes. These results suggest hypoxia and MM cells induce a pro-angiogenic phenotype in Ocys via Fgf23 and Vegf-a signaling, which can promote MM-induced marrow vascularization.
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Raimondi L, De Luca A, Giavaresi G, Raimondo S, Gallo A, Taiana E, Alessandro R, Rossi M, Neri A, Viglietto G, Amodio N. Non-Coding RNAs in Multiple Myeloma Bone Disease Pathophysiology. Noncoding RNA 2020; 6:ncrna6030037. [PMID: 32916806 PMCID: PMC7549375 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna6030037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling is uncoupled in the multiple myeloma (MM) bone marrow niche, resulting in enhanced osteoclastogenesis responsible of MM-related bone disease (MMBD). Several studies have disclosed the mechanisms underlying increased osteoclast formation and activity triggered by the various cellular components of the MM bone marrow microenvironment, leading to the identification of novel targets for therapeutic intervention. In this regard, recent attention has been given to non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules, that finely tune gene expression programs involved in bone homeostasis both in physiological and pathological settings. In this review, we will analyze major signaling pathways involved in MMBD pathophysiology, and report emerging evidence of their regulation by different classes of ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Raimondi
- IRCSS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche–SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (N.A.); Tel.: +39-091-6236011 (L.R.); +39-0961-3694159 (N.A.)
| | - Angela De Luca
- IRCSS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche–SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- IRCSS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche–SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (G.G.)
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (S.R.); (R.A.)
| | - Alessia Gallo
- IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione), Research Department, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Elisa Taiana
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (E.T.); (A.N.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (S.R.); (R.A.)
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Rossi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.R.); (G.V.)
| | - Antonino Neri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (E.T.); (A.N.)
- Hematology, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viglietto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.R.); (G.V.)
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.R.); (G.V.)
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (N.A.); Tel.: +39-091-6236011 (L.R.); +39-0961-3694159 (N.A.)
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Abstract
The success of targeted therapies and immunotherapies has created optimism that cancers may be curable. However, not all patients respond, drug resistance is common and many patients relapse owing to dormant cancer cells. These rare and elusive cells can disseminate early and hide in specialized niches in distant organs before being reactivated to cause disease relapse after successful treatment of the primary tumour. Despite their importance, we are yet to leverage knowledge generated from experimental models and translate the potential of targeting dormant cancer cells to prevent disease relapse in the clinic. This is due, at least in part, to the lack of adherence to consensus definitions by researchers, limited models that faithfully recapitulate this stage of metastatic spread and an absence of interdisciplinary approaches. However, the application of new high-resolution, single-cell technologies is starting to revolutionize the field and transcend classical reductionist models of studying individual cell types or genes in isolation to provide a global view of the complex underlying cellular ecosystem and transcriptional landscape that controls dormancy. In this Perspective, we synthesize some of these recent advances to describe the hallmarks of cancer cell dormancy and how the dormant cancer cell life cycle offers opportunities to target not only the cancer but also its environment to achieve a durable cure for seemingly incurable cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tri Giang Phan
- Immunology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Peter I Croucher
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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