1
|
Porporatti AL, Schroder ÂGD, Lebel A, Moreau N, Misery L, Alajbeg I, Braud A, Boucher Y. Is burning mouth syndrome associated with stress? A meta-analysis. J Oral Rehabil 2023; 50:1279-1315. [PMID: 37332081 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies have shown burning mouth syndrome (BMS) as comorbid psychosocial and psychiatric disorders, and as well, pointed at stress as a major risk factor. OBJECTIVE The aim of this meta-analysis was to answer the following question: 'Is there an association between BMS and stress, compared to healthy controls?' METHODS Two reviewers searched for the effect of stress in BMS and published on five main databases and three from the grey literature. Various questionnaires and biomarkers were analysed. Of the 2489 selected articles, 30 met the inclusion criteria. Studies englobed questionnaires, such as Perceived Stress Questionnaire, Lipp Stress Symptoms Inventory, Holmes-Rahe scale, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Recent Experience Test; and various biomarkers, such as cortisol, opiorphin, IgA, α-amylase and interleukins. RESULTS In all studies with questionnaires, stress was significantly increased in the BMS group vs. control. Patients with BMS presented 25.73% higher cortisol levels, 28.17% higher IgA levels and 40.62% higher α-amylase levels than controls. Meta-analysis found that BMS subjects presented 3.01 nmoL/L [0.53; 5.50] higher cortisol levels, 84.35 kU/L [15.00; 153.71] higher α-amylase levels, 29.25 mg/mL [9.86; 48.64] higher IgA levels and 258.59 pg/mL [59.24; 457.94] higher IL-8 levels than control. No differences were found for opiorphin concentration in ng/mL [-0.96; 2.53]. For interleukins, no differences were founded for IL-1 β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α. CONCLUSION Based on the available evidence, this meta-analysis suggests more stress factors in questionnaire-based studies, and higher levels of cortisol, α-amylase, IgA and IL-8 biomarkers in BMS subjects than controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Luís Porporatti
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie Oro-Faciale (EA 7543), Université Paris Cité, France and GHPS Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Ashley Lebel
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie OroFaciale, Université Paris Cité, France and GHPS Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nathan Moreau
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie Oro-Faciale (EA 7543), Université Paris Cité and Hôpital Bretonneau (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | | | | | - Adeline Braud
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie Oro-Faciale (EA 7543), Université Paris Cité, France and GHPS Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Yves Boucher
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie Oro-Faciale (EA 7543), Université Paris Cité, France and GHPS Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Clavo B, Cánovas-Molina A, Díaz-Garrido JA, Cañas S, Ramallo-Fariña Y, Laffite H, Federico M, Rodríguez-Abreu D, Galván S, García-Lourve C, González-Beltrán D, Caramés MA, Hernández-Fleta JL, Serrano-Aguilar P, Rodríguez-Esparragón F. Effects of ozone therapy on anxiety and depression in patients with refractory symptoms of severe diseases: a pilot study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1176204. [PMID: 37599784 PMCID: PMC10437070 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1176204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with refractory symptoms of severe diseases frequently experience anxiety, depression, and an altered health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Some publications have described the beneficial effect of ozone therapy on several symptoms of this kind of patient. The aim of this study was to preliminarily evaluate, in patients treated because of refractory symptoms of cancer treatment and advanced nononcologic diseases, if ozone therapy has an additional impact on self-reported anxiety and depression. Methods Before and after ozone treatment, we assessed (i) anxiety and depression according to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); (ii) the HRQOL (according to the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire), which includes a dimension on anxiety and depression and a visual analog scale (VAS) measuring self-perceived general health. Results Before ozone therapy, 56% of patients were on anxiolytic and/or antidepressant treatment. Before and after ozone therapy, the anxiety and depression HADS subscales (i) significantly correlated with the anxiety/depression dimension of the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire and (ii) inversely correlated with the health status as measured by the VAS. After ozone therapy, we found a significant improvement in anxiety and depression measured by both the (i) HADS subscales and (ii) EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Conclusion The addition of ozone therapy for patients with refractory symptoms of cancer treatment and advanced chronic nononcologic diseases can decrease anxiety and depression severity levels. Additional, more focused studies are ongoing to provide the needed explanatory information for this finding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardino Clavo
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Chronic Pain Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria/Tenerife, Spain
- Universitary Institute for Research in Biomedicine and Health (iUIBS), Molecular and Translational Pharmacology Group, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias de la Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Group of Clinical Research in Radiation Oncology (GICOR), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angeles Cánovas-Molina
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Chronic Pain Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria/Tenerife, Spain
| | - Juan A. Díaz-Garrido
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Silvia Cañas
- Psychiatry Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Yolanda Ramallo-Fariña
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria/Tenerife, Spain
- Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Servicio de Evaluación y Planificación del Servicio Canario de Salud (SESCS), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de la Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Horus Laffite
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Mario Federico
- Radiation Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Delvys Rodríguez-Abreu
- Medical Oncology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Saray Galván
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Carla García-Lourve
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria/Tenerife, Spain
| | - Damián González-Beltrán
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Caramés
- Chronic Pain Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jose L. Hernández-Fleta
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Pedro Serrano-Aguilar
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria/Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de la Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Francisco Rodríguez-Esparragón
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria/Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias de la Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hassamal S. Chronic stress, neuroinflammation, and depression: an overview of pathophysiological mechanisms and emerging anti-inflammatories. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1130989. [PMID: 37252156 PMCID: PMC10213648 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1130989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In a subset of patients, chronic exposure to stress is an etiological risk factor for neuroinflammation and depression. Neuroinflammation affects up to 27% of patients with MDD and is associated with a more severe, chronic, and treatment-resistant trajectory. Inflammation is not unique to depression and has transdiagnostic effects suggesting a shared etiological risk factor underlying psychopathologies and metabolic disorders. Research supports an association but not necessarily a causation with depression. Putative mechanisms link chronic stress to dysregulation of the HPA axis and immune cell glucocorticoid resistance resulting in hyperactivation of the peripheral immune system. The chronic extracellular release of DAMPs and immune cell DAMP-PRR signaling creates a feed forward loop that accelerates peripheral and central inflammation. Higher plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines, most consistently interleukin IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, are correlated with greater depressive symptomatology. Cytokines sensitize the HPA axis, disrupt the negative feedback loop, and further propagate inflammatory reactions. Peripheral inflammation exacerbates central inflammation (neuroinflammation) through several mechanisms including disruption of the blood-brain barrier, immune cellular trafficking, and activation of glial cells. Activated glial cells release cytokines, chemokines, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species into the extra-synaptic space dysregulating neurotransmitter systems, imbalancing the excitatory to inhibitory ratio, and disrupting neural circuitry plasticity and adaptation. In particular, microglial activation and toxicity plays a central role in the pathophysiology of neuroinflammation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies most consistently show reduced hippocampal volumes. Neural circuitry dysfunction such as hypoactivation between the ventral striatum and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex underlies the melancholic phenotype of depression. Chronic administration of monoamine-based antidepressants counters the inflammatory response, but with a delayed therapeutic onset. Therapeutics targeting cell mediated immunity, generalized and specific inflammatory signaling pathways, and nitro-oxidative stress have enormous potential to advance the treatment landscape. Future clinical trials will need to include immune system perturbations as biomarker outcome measures to facilitate novel antidepressant development. In this overview, we explore the inflammatory correlates of depression and elucidate pathomechanisms to facilitate the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Hassamal
- California University of Sciences and Medicine, Colton, CA, United States
- Clinicaltriallink, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- California Neuropsychiatric Institute, Ontario, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ho CSH, Soh MWT, Tay GWN. The diagnostic utility of miRNA and elucidation of pathological mechanisms in major depressive disorder. Compr Psychiatry 2023; 121:152363. [PMID: 36580691 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Our study aims to explore how miRNAs can elucidate the molecular mechanisms of major depressive disorder (MDD) by comparing the miRNA levels in the blood serum of patients with depression and healthy individuals. It also explores the potential of miRNAs to differentiate between depressed patients and healthy controls. METHODS 60 healthy controls (n = 45 females) were matched to 60 depressed patients (n = 10 unmedicated) for age (±7), sex, ethnicity, and years of education. Depression severity was measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and venous blood was collected using PAXgene Blood RNA tubes for miRNA profiling. To further identify the depression-related biological pathways that are influenced by differentially expressed miRNAs, networks were constructed using QIAGEN Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were also conducted to examine the discriminative ability of miRNAs to distinguish between depressed and healthy individuals. RESULTS Six miRNAs (miR-542-3p, miR-181b-3p, miR-190a-5p, miR-33a-3p, miR-3690 and miR-6895-3p) showed to be considerably down-regulated in unmedicated depressed patients relative to healthy controls. miR-542-3p, in particular, also has experimentally verified mRNA targets that are predicted to be associated with MDD. ROC analyses found that a panel combining miR-542-3p, miR-181b-3p and miR-3690 produced an area under the curve value of 0.67 in distinguishing between depressed and healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS miRNAs - most notably, miR-542-3p, miR-181b-3p and miR-3690 - may be biomarkers with targets that are implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. They could also be used to distinguish between depressed and healthy individuals with reasonable accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Su Hui Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Michelle Wei Ting Soh
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gabrielle Wann Nii Tay
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dahchour A. Anxiolytic and antidepressive potentials of rosmarinic acid: A review with a focus on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106421. [PMID: 36096427 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are the most prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders that have emerged as global health concerns. Anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs, such as benzodiazepines, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and tricyclics, are the first line used in treating anxiety and depression. Although these drugs lack efficacy and have a delayed response time and numerous side effects, their widespread abuse and market continue to grow. Over time, traditional practices using natural and phytochemicals as alternative therapies to chemical drugs have emerged to treat many pathological conditions, including anxiety and depression. Recent preclinical studies have demonstrated that the phenolic compound, rosmarinic acid, is effective against several neuropsychiatric disorders, including anxiety and depression. In addition, rosmarinic acid showed various pharmacological effects, such as cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, lung protective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. However, the potentialities of the use of rosmarinic acid in the treatment of nervous system-related disorders, such as anxiety and depression, are less or not yet reviewed. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to present several preclinical and clinical studies, when available, from different databases investigating the effects of rosmarinic acid on anxiety and depression. These studies showed that rosmarinic acid produces advantageous effects on anxiety and depression through its powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This review will examine and discuss the possibility that the anxiolytic and anti-depressive effects of rosmarinic acid could be associated with its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkader Dahchour
- Clinical Neurosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bayo Jimenez MT, Frenis K, Hahad O, Steven S, Cohen G, Cuadrado A, Münzel T, Daiber A. Protective actions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and downstream pathways against environmental stressors. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 187:72-91. [PMID: 35613665 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Environmental risk factors, including noise, air pollution, chemical agents, ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and mental stress have a considerable impact on human health. Oxidative stress and inflammation are key players in molecular pathomechanisms of environmental pollution and risk factors. In this review, we delineate the impact of environmental risk factors and the protective actions of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) in connection to oxidative stress and inflammation. We focus on well-established studies that demonstrate the protective actions of NRF2 and its downstream pathways against different environmental stressors. State-of-the-art mechanistic considerations on NRF2 signaling are discussed in detail, e.g. classical concepts like KEAP1 oxidation/electrophilic modification, NRF2 ubiquitination and degradation. Specific focus is also laid on NRF2-dependent heme oxygenase-1 induction with detailed presentation of the protective down-stream pathways of heme oxygenase-1, including interaction with BACH1 system. The significant impact of all environmental stressors on the circadian rhythm and the interactions of NRF2 with the circadian clock will also be considered here. A broad range of NRF2 activators is discussed in relation to environmental stressor-induced health side effects, thereby suggesting promising new mitigation strategies (e.g. by nutraceuticals) to fight the negative effects of the environment on our health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Bayo Jimenez
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katie Frenis
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Omar Hahad
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany; Leibniz Insitute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Steven
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Guy Cohen
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, 86910, Israel; Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat Campus, Eilat, 8855630, Israel
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols' UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Polysaccharides from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua Reduce Depression-Like Behavior in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress-Calpain-1-NLRP3 Signaling Axis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2566917. [PMID: 35498131 PMCID: PMC9045988 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2566917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (PSP) exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant effects. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of the calpain system and the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome are closely related to the pathogenesis of depression. However, the relationships among those pathways and the protective effects of PSP have not been characterized. In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and chronic unpredictable mild stress- (CUMS-) induced depression models were used to evaluate the protective mechanisms of PSP against depression. ROS levels were measured in HT-22 cells using flow cytometry. Brain tissues were collected to determine the levels of oxidation-related indicators and inflammatory cytokines. The protein levels of calpain-1, calpain-2, calpastatin, phosphatase and Tensin Homolog deleted on Chromosome 10 (PTEN), suprachiasmatic nucleus circadian oscillatory protein (SCOP), nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), caspase-1, cleaved-caspase-1, ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured using western blotting or immunofluorescence. In cellular experiments, we showed that PSP attenuated LPS-induced production of ROS in HT-22 cells. In animal experiments, we found that LPS increased the expression of calpain-1, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, cleaved-caspase-1, Iba1, p-ERK, NF-κB, and GFAP and reduced the expression of calpastatin, PTEN, SCOP, and Nrf2. Administration of PSP reversed these changes. N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) administration also inhibited oxidative stress and activation of the calpain system and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, PSP, calpeptin, MCC950 (a selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor), and NAC reduced LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine release. We also showed that PSP prevented CUMS-induced changes in the calpain system and the Nrf2 and NLRP3 signaling pathways and reduced depression-like behavior. These results indicate that PSP exerts antidepressant effects through regulation of the oxidative stress-calpain-1-NLRP3 signaling axis.
Collapse
|
8
|
Shen SY, Yu R, Li W, Liang LF, Han QQ, Huang HJ, Li B, Xu SF, Wu GC, Zhang YQ, Yu J. The neuroprotective effects of GPR55 against hippocampal neuroinflammation and impaired adult neurogenesis in CSDS mice. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 169:105743. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
|
9
|
Kwatra M, Ahmed S, Gangipangi VK, Panda SR, Gupta N, Shantanu PA, Gawali B, Naidu VGM. Lipopolysaccharide exacerbates chronic restraint stress-induced neurobehavioral deficits: Mechanisms by redox imbalance, ASK1-related apoptosis, autophagic dysregulation. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 144:462-482. [PMID: 34768069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the foremost leading psychiatric illness prevailing around the globe. It usually exists along with anxiety and other clinical conditions (cardiovascular, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and infectious diseases). Chronic restraint stress (RS) and LPS-induce neurobehavioral alterations in rodent models however their interaction studies in association with the pathogenesis of MDD are still unclear. Therefore, the current study was aimed to investigate the LPS influence on chronic RS mediated redox imbalance, apoptosis, and autophagic dysregulation in the hippocampus (HIP) and frontal cortex (FC) of mice brain. Male Balb/c mice were exposed to 28 days consecutive stress (6h/day) with a single-dose LPS challenge (0.83 mg/kg, i.p.) on the last day (Day 28). In addition, we also carried out separate study to understand physiological relevance, where we used the DSS (dextran sulfate sodium), a water soluble polysaccharide (negatively charged) and studied its influence on RS induced neurobehavioral and certain neurochemical anomalies. The obtained results in RS and RS + LPS animal groups showed significant immune dysfunction, depleted monoamines, lowered ATP & NAD level, elevated serum CORT level, serum and brain tissues IL-1β/TNF-α/IL-6, SOD activity but reduced CAT activity. Furthermore, the redox perturbation was found where significantly upregulated P-NFκB p65, Keap-1, Prx-SO3 and downregulated Nrf2, Srx1, Prx2 protein expression was seen in RS + LPS mice. The apoptosis signaling (P-ASK1, P-p38 MAPK, P-SAPK/JNK, cleaved PARP, cleaved Caspase-3, Cyto-C), autophagic impairment (p62, LC3II/I) were noticed in HIP and FC of RS and RS + LPS grouped animals. Our new findings provide a complex interplay of chemical (LPS) and physical (RS) stressors where both single dose LPS challenge and 3% DSS in drinking water (for 7 days) exaggerated chronic RS-induced inflammation, lowered redox status, increased apoptosis and dysregulated autophagy leading drastic neurobehavioral alterations in the mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kwatra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India
| | - Sahabuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India
| | - Vijaya Kumar Gangipangi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India
| | - Samir Ranjan Panda
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India
| | - Nitika Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India
| | - P A Shantanu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India
| | - Basveshwar Gawali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India
| | - V G M Naidu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Catalpol Weakens Depressive-like Behavior in Mice with Streptozotocin-induced Hyperglycemia via PI3K/AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway. Neuroscience 2021; 473:102-118. [PMID: 34358633 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Depression has huge social risks of high incidence, disability, and suicide. Its prevalence and harm in people with hyperglycemia are 2-3 times higher than in normal people. However, antidepressants with precise curative effects and clear mechanisms for patients with hyperglycemia are currently lacking. Prescriptions containing Rehmannia glutinosa, a traditional medicinal herb with a wide range of nutritional and medicinal values, are often used as antidepressants in Chinese clinical medicine. Catalpol is one of the main effective compounds of R. glutinosa, with multiple biological activities such as hypoglycemia. Here, the antidepressant effect of catalpol on the pathological state of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia and the underlying molecular mechanisms were analyzed. Results showed that administering catalpol orally to hyperglycemic mice for 21 consecutive days significantly reversed the abnormalities in tail suspension, forced swimming, and open field tests. Catalpol also reversed the abnormal phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT) and the abnormal levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s transferase, reduced glutathione, and malondialdehyde in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of STZ-induced hyperglycemic mice. Thus, catalpol attenuates depressive-like behavior in pathological hyperglycemic state, and the antidepressant mechanism could at least be partly attributed to the upregulation of the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in both brain regions, thus restoring the balance between oxidative and antioxidant damage. These data expanded the scientific understanding of catalpol and provided preclinical experimental evidence for its application.
Collapse
|
11
|
Role of Nrf2 in Synaptic Plasticity and Memory in Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081884. [PMID: 34440653 PMCID: PMC8391447 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important transcription factor that reduces oxidative stress. When reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are detected, Nrf2 translocates from the cytoplasm into the nucleus and binds to the antioxidant response element (ARE), which regulates the expression of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory genes. Nrf2 impairments are observed in the majority of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The classic hallmarks of AD include β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Oxidative stress is observed early in AD and is a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of AD. The nuclear translocation of Nrf2 is impaired in AD compared to controls. Increased oxidative stress is associated with impaired memory and synaptic plasticity. The administration of Nrf2 activators reverses memory and synaptic plasticity impairments in rodent models of AD. Therefore, Nrf2 activators are a potential novel therapeutic for neurodegenerative disorders including AD.
Collapse
|
12
|
Naß J, Abdelfatah S, Efferth T. The triterpenoid ursolic acid ameliorates stress in Caenorhabditis elegans by affecting the depression-associated genes skn-1 and prdx2. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 88:153598. [PMID: 34111615 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Lower antioxidant concentrations and increased oxidative stress levels contribute to the development of depression. Effective and tolerable medications are urgently needed. Nrf2 and PRDX2 are promising targets in the treatment of oxidative stress and, therefore, promising for the development of novel antidepressants. Ursolic acid (UA), a natural triterpenoid found in various plants is known to exert neuroprotective and antioxidant effects. Skn-1 (which corresponds to human Nrf2) and prdx2 deficient mutants of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans are suitable models to study the effect of UA on these targets. Additionally, stress assays are used to mimic stress or depressed state. METHODS We examined the antioxidant activity of UA in Caenorhabditis elegans wildtype and skn-1- and prdx2-deficient strains by H2DCF-DA and juglone assays as well as osmotic and heat stress assays. Additionally, we analyzed the binding of UA to human PRDX2 and Skn-1 proteins by molecular docking and microscale thermophoresis. RESULTS UA exerted strong antioxidant activities. Additionally, induction of stress resistance towards osmotic and heat stress was observed. qRT-PCR revealed that UA upregulated the gene expression of skn-1 and prdx2. Molecular docking studies supported these findings. CONCLUSION Our findings implicate that the strong antioxidant activity of UA may exert anti-depressive effects by its interaction with the Skn-1 transcription factor, which is part of a detoxification network, and the antioxidant PRDX2 protein, which protects the organism from the detrimental effects of radical oxygen species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janine Naß
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sara Abdelfatah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Paladini MS, Spero V, Begni V, Marchisella F, Guidi A, Gruca P, Lason M, Litwa E, Papp M, Riva MA, Molteni R. Behavioral and molecular effects of the antipsychotic drug blonanserin in the chronic mild stress model. Pharmacol Res 2021; 163:105330. [PMID: 33276101 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders represent a critical challenge to our society, given their high global prevalence, complex symptomatology, elusive etiology and the variable effectiveness of pharmacological therapies. Recently, there has been a shift in investigating and redefining these diseases by integrating behavioral observations and multilevel neurobiological measures. Accordingly, endophenotype-oriented studies are needed to develop new therapeutic strategies, with the idea of targeting shared symptoms instead of one defined disease. With these premises, here we investigated the therapeutic properties of chronic treatment with the second-generation antipsychotic blonanserin in counteracting the alterations caused by 7 weeks of Chronic Mild Stress (CMS) in the rat. CMS is a well-established preclinical model able to induce depressive and anxiety-like alterations, which are shared by different psychiatric disorders. Our results demonstrated that the antipsychotic treatment normalizes the CMS-induced emotionality deficits, an effect that may be due to its ability in modulating, within the prefrontal cortex, redox mechanisms, a molecular dysfunction associated with several psychiatric disorders. These evidences provide new insights into the therapeutic properties and potential use of blonanserin as well as in its mechanisms of action and provide further support for the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Serena Paladini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittoria Spero
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Begni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Marchisella
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Guidi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Piotr Gruca
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Lason
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Litwa
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maurisz Papp
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marco A Riva
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Molteni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hagen JM, Sutterland AL, Schirmbeck F, Cohn DM, Lok A, Tan HL, Zwinderman AH, de Haan L. Skin autofluorescence of advanced glycation end products and course of affective disorders in the lifelines cohort study, a prospective investigation. J Affect Disord 2020; 276:424-432. [PMID: 32871673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin autofluorescence (SAF), indicating concentration of advanced glycation end products in the skin and oxidative stress, is cross-sectionally associated with affective disorders. Prospective studies of oxidative stress markers will help to clarify the pathophysiological role of oxidative stress. METHODS Data of a population-based cohort study were used. Presence of major depressive disorder, dysthymia, generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder or social phobia was assessed at baseline and at 5-year follow-up with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Associations between SAF at baseline and incidence and persistence/recurrence of affective disorders were assessed with logistic regression. RESULTS Of 43,267 participants with no disorder at baseline, 2885 (6.7%) developed an incident disorder during follow-up. In 1360 of 3648 participants (37.3%) with an affective disorder at baseline, a persisting/recurrent disorder was present at follow-up. A modest association existed between SAF and incident affective disorders (OR=1.07 [95%CI 1.03-1.12], P<.001), specifically major depressive disorder (OR=1.11 [95%CI 1.04-1.19], P=.003); this association lost statistical significance after adjustment for sociodemographic factors. Associations between SAF and persistence/recurrence were not significant. LIMITATIONS Many confounders might also act as intermediate: extensive adjustment for confounders caused overfitting and possibly masked effects of SAF on course of affective disorders. Relatively small sample sizes for analyses of SAF and persistence/recurrence of affective disorders resulted in a low power. CONCLUSIONS Increased SAF modestly raises the odds of incident affective disorders, particularly major depressive disorder, providing evidence that oxidative stress plays a role in subsequent occurrence of affective disorders. However, significance of effects faded after adjustment for socioeconomic status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Hagen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arjen L Sutterland
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frederike Schirmbeck
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Arkin Mental Health Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Danny M Cohn
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anja Lok
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands; The Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Hanno L Tan
- The Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Aeilko H Zwinderman
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Arkin Mental Health Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; The Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xu JF, Lu JJ, Cao Y, Wang W, Li HH, Chen JG, Wang F, Wu PF. Sulforaphane alleviates ethanol-mediated central inhibition and reverses chronic stress-induced aggravation of acute alcoholism via targeting Nrf2-regulated catalase expression. Neuropharmacology 2020; 176:108235. [PMID: 32710977 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Acute ethanol intoxication by excessive drinking is an important cause of alcohol-induced death. Stress exposure has been identified as one risk factor for alcohol abuse. Previous reports indicated that stressors may augment inhibitory effects of alcohol, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we reported that chronic unpredictable stress increased the sensitivity to the acute ethanol intoxication in mice via impairing nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)-catalase signaling. Nrf2 activity regulates the expression of catalase, a key antioxidant enzyme that mediates ethanol oxidation in the brain. Pharmacological blockade of catalase or Nrf2 activity significantly aggravated acute ethanol intoxication. Sulforaphane, a cruciferous vegetable-derived activator of Nrf2, significantly attenuated acute ethanol intoxication. Furthermore, the stress-induced aggravation of acute alcoholism was rapidly reversed by sulforaphane. Our findings suggest that Nrf2 may function as a novel drug target for the prevention of acute alcoholism, especially in psychiatric patients, by controlling catalase-mediated ethanol oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Feng Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jia-Jing Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hou-Hong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jian-Guo Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, The Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, The Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Peng-Fei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, The Institute of Brain Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST), Ministry of Education of China, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sayd A, Vargas-Caraveo A, Perea-Romero I, Robledo-Montaña J, Caso JR, Madrigal JLM, Leza JC, Orio L, Garcia-Bueno B. Depletion of brain perivascular macrophages regulates acute restraint stress-induced neuroinflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress in rat frontal cortex. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 34:50-64. [PMID: 32245674 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The central nervous system can respond to peripheral immune stimuli through the activation of the neurovascular unit. One of the cellular types implicated are perivascular macrophages (PVMs), hematopoietic-derived brain-resident cells located in the perivascular space. PVMs have been implicated in the immune surveillance and in the regulation of the accumulation/trafficking of macromolecules in brain-blood interfaces. Recent studies suggested that the role of PVMs could vary depending on the nature and duration of the immune challenge applied. Here, we investigate the role of PVMs in stress-induced neuroinflammation and oxidative/nitrosative consequences. The basal phagocytic activity of PVMs was exploited to selectively deplete them by ICV injection of liposomes encapsulating the pro-apoptotic drug clodronate. Acute restraint stress-induced neuroinflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress in rat brain frontal cortex samples were assessed by western blot and RT-PCR analyses. The depletion of PVMs: (1) decreased tumor necrosis-α levels (2) prevented the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription pathway and increased interleukin-6 receptor protein-expression in stress conditions; (3) prevented the stress-induced Toll-like receptor 4/Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 protein signaling pathway; (4) down-regulated the pro-inflammatory nuclear factor κB/cyclooxygenase-2 pathway; (5) prevented stress-induced lipid peroxidation and the concomitant increase of the endogenous antioxidant mediators nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, glutathione reductase 1 and Parkinsonism-associated deglycase mRNA expression. Our results point to PVMs as regulators of stress-induced neuroinflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress. Much more scientific effort is still needed to evaluate whether their selective manipulation is promising as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of stress-related neuropsychopathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Sayd
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica UCM, Avda. Complutense s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Alejandra Vargas-Caraveo
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica UCM, Avda. Complutense s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain; Campus Lerma, Biological and Health Sciences Division, Metropolitan Autonomous University (UAM), Lerma 52005, Mexico
| | - Irene Perea-Romero
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica UCM, Avda. Complutense s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Javier Robledo-Montaña
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica UCM, Avda. Complutense s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Javier R Caso
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica UCM, Avda. Complutense s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Jose L M Madrigal
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica UCM, Avda. Complutense s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Juan C Leza
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica UCM, Avda. Complutense s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Laura Orio
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RTA) del Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Borja Garcia-Bueno
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica UCM, Avda. Complutense s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Oxidation-reduction mechanisms in psychiatric disorders: A novel target for pharmacological intervention. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 210:107520. [PMID: 32165136 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
While neurotransmitter dysfunction represents a key component in mental illnesses, there is now a wide agreement for a central pathophysiological hub that includes hormones, neuroinflammation, redox mechanisms as well as oxidative stress. With respect to oxidation-reduction (redox) mechanisms, preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that an imbalance in the pro/anti-oxidative homeostasis toward the increased production of substances with oxidizing potential may contribute to the etiology and manifestation of different psychiatric disorders. The substantial and continous demand for energy renders the brain highly susceptible to disturbances in its energy supply, especially following exposure to stressful events, which may lead to overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species under conditions of perturbed antioxidant defenses. This will eventually induce different molecular alterations, including extensive protein and lipid peroxidation, increased blood-brain barrier permeability and neuroinflammation, which may contribute to the changes in brain function and morphology observed in mental illnesses. This view may also reconcile different key concepts for psychiatric disorders, such as the neurodevelopmental origin of these diseases, as well as the vulnerability of selective cellular populations that are critical for specific functional abnormalities. The possibility to pharmacologically modulate the redox system is receiving increasing interest as a novel therapeutic strategy to counteract the detrimental effects of the unbalance in brain oxidative mechanisms. This review will describe the main mechanisms and mediators of the redox system and will examine the alterations of oxidative stress found in animal models of psychiatric disorders as well as in patients suffering from mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. In addition, it will discuss studies that examined the effects of psychotropic drugs, including antipsychotics and antidepressants, on the oxidative balance as well as studies that investigated the effectiveness of a direct modulation of oxidative mechanisms in counteracting the behavioral and functional alterations associated with psychiatric disorders, which supports the promising role of the redox system as a novel therapeutic target for the improved treatment of brain disorders.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zappettini S, Faivre E, Ghestem A, Carrier S, Buée L, Blum D, Esclapez M, Bernard C. Caffeine Consumption During Pregnancy Accelerates the Development of Cognitive Deficits in Offspring in a Model of Tauopathy. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:438. [PMID: 31680863 PMCID: PMC6797851 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychoactive drugs used during pregnancy can affect the development of the brain of offspring, directly triggering neurological disorders or increasing the risk for their occurrence. Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug, including during pregnancy. In Wild type mice, early life exposure to caffeine renders offspring more susceptible to seizures. Here, we tested the long-term consequences of early life exposure to caffeine in THY-Tau22 transgenic mice, a model of Alzheimer’s disease-like Tau pathology. Caffeine exposed mutant offspring developed cognitive earlier than water treated mutants. Electrophysiological recordings of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells in vitro revealed that early life exposure to caffeine changed the way the glutamatergic and GABAergic drives were modified by the Tau pathology. We conclude that early-life exposure to caffeine affects the Tau phenotype and we suggest that caffeine exposure during pregnancy may constitute a risk-factor for early onset of Alzheimer’s disease-like pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Zappettini
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - Emilie Faivre
- Inserm, CHU Lille, LabEx DISTALZ, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Antoine Ghestem
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - Sébastien Carrier
- Inserm, CHU Lille, LabEx DISTALZ, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Luc Buée
- Inserm, CHU Lille, LabEx DISTALZ, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - David Blum
- Inserm, CHU Lille, LabEx DISTALZ, UMR-S 1172 - JPArc, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Monique Esclapez
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Bernard
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang SJ, Song ZJ, Wang XC, Zhang ZR, Wu SB, Zhu GQ. Curculigoside facilitates fear extinction and prevents depression-like behaviors in a mouse learned helplessness model through increasing hippocampal BDNF. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:1269-1278. [PMID: 31028292 PMCID: PMC6786307 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-019-0238-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Curculigoside (CUR) is the main active component of traditional Chinese medicine Curculigoorchioides Gaertn (Xianmao in Chinese), which exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities. In this study we investigated the effects of CUR on fear extinction and related depression-like behaviors in mice. In fear conditioning task, we found that administration of CUR (1.6, 8, 40 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip, for 7 days) did not affect memory consolidation, but CUR at higher doses (8, 40 mg·kg-1·d-1) significantly facilitated fear extinction, especially on D3 and D4. Moreover, CUR administration significantly ameliorated the fear conditioning-induced depression-like behaviors, likely through promoting fear extinction. We showed that CUR increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and phosphorylation of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) in the hippocampus, and activated protein kinase B (Akt)-mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Administration of the selective TrkB agonist 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF, 5 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip) also facilitated fear extinction, ameliorated depression-like behaviors. We established a mouse learned helplessness (LH) model to evaluate the antidepressant activity of CUR. The spatial memory was assessed in Morris water maze. We showed that LH-induced depression-like behaviors, including prolonged immobility times in forced swim and tail suspension tests as well as spatial memory impairments; LH also downregulated BDNF expression and the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway in the hippocampus. Administration of CUR (1.6, 8, 40 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip, for 14 days) or 7,8-DHF (5 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip, for 3 days) prevented LH-induced depression-like behaviors and promoted BDNF expression and the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. In conclusion, CUR can accelerate the fear memory extinction and ameliorate depression-like behaviors in mice via promoting BDNF expression and activating the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway in the hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- San-Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Zhu-Jin Song
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Xun-Cui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Zheng-Rong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Sheng-Bing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
- Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Guo-Qi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China.
- Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang Z, Xue H, Dong Y, Zhang J, Pan Y, Shi L, Xiong P, Zhu J, Li W, Zheng W, Liu J, Du J. GKN2 promotes oxidative stress-induced gastric cancer cell apoptosis via the Hsc70 pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:338. [PMID: 31382983 PMCID: PMC6683576 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1336-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The GKN2 is a secretory protein, whose levels decrease in gastric cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the expression, function and mechanism of action of GKN2 in gastric cancer. METHODS Molecular biology assays were performed to elucidate the function and underlying mechanisms of GKN2 in gastric cancer under stress-induced condition in vivo and in vitro. Clinical specimens were used to assess the correlation of GKN2 and prognosis. RESULTS We found that overexpression of GKN2 significantly enhanced apoptosis and growth arrest in vitro. GKN2 expression increased in gastric cancer cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide and promoted reactive oxygen species-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and resulted in increased cell apoptosis via inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway and activation of JNK signaling pathway through the direct interaction of GKN2 with Hsc70. Trefoil factor 1 might contribute to the tumor suppressing effects of GKN2. MiR-216a downregulated GKN2 expression. GKN2 also inhibited xenograft tumor growth and was an independent and significant prognostic factor for patients with gastric cancer treated with oxaliplatin. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data indicate that GKN2 may increase sensitivity of GC cells to the drugs which increase ROS levels in tumors. Inhibition of the interaction between GKN2 and Hsc70 could attenuate the effects induced by GKN2. GKN2 overexpression could be used to determine the subgroup of patients to obtain the more favorable outcome of oxaliplatin treatment and may be used as biomarker of the prognosis of this cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Zhang
- Departments of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyuan Xue
- Departments of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanqiang Dong
- Departments of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Departments of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yida Pan
- Departments of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liubin Shi
- Departments of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Panpan Xiong
- Departments of Digestive Diseases, Dongfang Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Departments of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenshuai Li
- Departments of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanwei Zheng
- Departments of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Departments of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Du
- Departments of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Effects of Single Cage Housing on Stress, Cognitive, and Seizure Parameters in the Rat and Mouse Pilocarpine Models of Epilepsy. eNeuro 2019; 6:ENEURO.0179-18.2019. [PMID: 31331937 PMCID: PMC6709207 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0179-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Many experimental approaches require housing rodents in individual cages, including in epilepsy research. However, rats and mice are social animals; and individual housing constitutes a stressful situation. The goal of the present study was to determine the effects of individual housing as compared to conditions maintaining social contact on stress markers and epilepsy. Control male mice socially housed during pretest and then transferred to individual cages for six weeks displayed anhedonia, increased anxiety and biological markers of stress as compared to pretest values or mice kept socially housed during six weeks. Pilocarpine (pilo)-treated mice housed together showed increased levels of anhedonia, anxiety and stress markers as well as decreased cognitive performance as compared to the control group. The differences were more significant in pilo-treated mice housed individually. Anxiety correlated linearly with cognitive performance and stress markers independently of the experimental conditions. In the male rat pilo model, seizures were sixteen times more frequent in singly housed animals as compared to animals kept in pairs. Daily interactions with an experimenter in otherwise singly housed animals was sufficient to produce results identical to those found in animals kept in pairs. We propose that social isolation produces a severe phenotype in terms of stress and seizure frequency as compared to animals maintaining social contact (at least in these two models), a factor that needs to be taken into account for data interpretation, in particular for preclinical studies.
Collapse
|
22
|
Núñez MT, Hidalgo C. Noxious Iron-Calcium Connections in Neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:48. [PMID: 30809110 PMCID: PMC6379295 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron and calcium share the common feature of being essential for normal neuronal function. Iron is required for mitochondrial function, synaptic plasticity, and the development of cognitive functions whereas cellular calcium signals mediate neurotransmitter exocytosis, axonal growth and synaptic plasticity, and control the expression of genes involved in learning and memory processes. Recent studies have revealed that cellular iron stimulates calcium signaling, leading to downstream activation of kinase cascades engaged in synaptic plasticity. The relationship between calcium and iron is Janus-faced, however. While under physiological conditions iron-mediated reactive oxygen species generation boosts normal calcium-dependent signaling pathways, excessive iron levels promote oxidative stress leading to the upsurge of unrestrained calcium signals that damage mitochondrial function, among other downstream targets. Similarly, increases in mitochondrial calcium to non-physiological levels result in mitochondrial dysfunction and a predicted loss of iron homeostasis. Hence, if uncontrolled, the iron/calcium self-feeding cycle becomes deleterious to neuronal function, leading eventually to neuronal death. Here, we review the multiple cell-damaging responses generated by the unregulated iron/calcium self-feeding cycle, such as excitotoxicity, free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation, and the oxidative modification of crucial components of iron and calcium homeostasis/signaling: the iron transporter DMT1, plasma membrane, and intracellular calcium channels and pumps. We discuss also how iron-induced dysregulation of mitochondrial calcium contributes to the generation of neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tulio Núñez
- Iron and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Hidalgo
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, CEMC, Physiology and Biophysics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sprick JD, Mallet RT, Przyklenk K, Rickards CA. Ischaemic and hypoxic conditioning: potential for protection of vital organs. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:278-294. [PMID: 30597638 DOI: 10.1113/ep087122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the topic of this review? Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) and hypoxic preconditioning as novel therapeutic approaches for cardiac and neuroprotection. What advances does it highlight? There is improved understanding of mechanisms and signalling pathways associated with ischaemic and hypoxic preconditioning, and potential pitfalls with application of these therapies to clinical trials have been identified. Novel adaptations of preconditioning paradigms have also been developed, including intermittent hypoxia training, RIPC training and RIPC-exercise, extending their utility to chronic settings. ABSTRACT Myocardial infarction and stroke remain leading causes of death worldwide, despite extensive resources directed towards developing effective treatments. In this Symposium Report we highlight the potential applications of intermittent ischaemic and hypoxic conditioning protocols to combat the deleterious consequences of heart and brain ischaemia. Insights into mechanisms underlying the protective effects of intermittent hypoxia training are discussed, including the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and Nrf2 transcription factors, synthesis of antioxidant and ATP-generating enzymes, and a shift in microglia from pro- to anti-inflammatory phenotypes. Although there is little argument regarding the efficacy of remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) in pre-clinical models, this strategy has not consistently translated into the clinical arena. This lack of translation may be related to the patient populations targeted thus far, and the anaesthetic regimen used in two of the major RIPC clinical trials. Additionally, we do not fully understand the mechanism through which RIPC protects the vital organs, and co-morbidities (e.g. hypercholesterolemia, diabetes) may interfere with its efficacy. Finally, novel adaptations have been made to extend RIPC to more chronic settings. One adaptation is RIPC-exercise (RIPC-X), an innovative paradigm that applies cyclical RIPC to blood flow restriction exercise (BFRE). Recent findings suggest that this novel exercise modality attenuates the exaggerated haemodynamic responses that may limit the use of conventional BFRE in some clinical settings. Collectively, intermittent ischaemic and hypoxic conditioning paradigms remain an exciting frontier for the protection against ischaemic injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin D Sprick
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30307, USA.,Department of Physiology & Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA
| | - Robert T Mallet
- Department of Physiology & Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA
| | - Karin Przyklenk
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Caroline A Rickards
- Department of Physiology & Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Uric Acid Protects against Focal Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Oxidative Stress via Activating Nrf2 and Regulating Neurotrophic Factor Expression. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6069150. [PMID: 30581534 PMCID: PMC6276484 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6069150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether uric acid (UA) might exert neuroprotection via activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and regulating neurotrophic factors in the cerebral cortices after transient focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (FCI/R) in rats. UA was intravenously injected through the tail vein (16 mg/kg) 30 min after the onset of reperfusion in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion for 2 h. Neurological deficit score was performed to analyze neurological function at 24 h after reperfusion. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dNTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining were used to detect histological injury of the cerebral cortex. Malondialdehyde (MDA), the carbonyl groups, and 8-hydroxyl-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were employed to evaluate oxidative stress. Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant protein, heme oxygenase- (HO-) 1,were detected by western blot. Nrf2 DNA-binding activity was observed using an ELISA-based measurement. Expressions of BDNF and NGF were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Our results showed that UA treatment significantly suppressed FCI/R-induced oxidative stress, accompanied by attenuating neuronal damage, which subsequently decreased the infarct volume and neurological deficit. Further, the treatment of UA activated Nrf2 signaling pathway and upregulated BDNF and NGF expression levels. Interestingly, the aforementioned effects of UA were markedly inhibited by administration of brusatol, an inhibitor of Nrf2. Taken together, the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects afforded by UA treatment involved the modulation of Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress and regulation of BDNF and NGF expression levels. Thus, UA treatment could be of interest to prevent FCI/R injury.
Collapse
|
25
|
Tong J, Fitzmaurice PS, Moszczynska A, Rathitharan G, Ang LC, Meyer JH, Mizrahi R, Boileau I, Furukawa Y, McCluskey T, Sailasuta N, Kish SJ. Normal glutathione levels in autopsied brain of chronic users of heroin and of cocaine. Drug Alcohol Depend 2018; 190:20-28. [PMID: 29960919 PMCID: PMC6078812 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal studies suggest that exposure to either of the two widely used drugs of abuse, heroin or cocaine, causes depletion of the antioxidant, reduced glutathione, a hallmark of oxidative stress, in the brain. However, the relevance of the animal findings to the human is uncertain and clinical trials with the antioxidant GSH precursor n-acetylcysteine have produced mixed results in cocaine dependence. METHODS Our major objective was to compare glutathione levels, determined by an HPLC-coulometric procedure, in autopsied brain of chronic heroin (n = 11) and cocaine users (n = 9), who were positive for the drugs in the brain, to those of matched controls (n = 16). Six brain regions were examined, including caudate, hippocampus, thalamus and frontal, temporal and insular cortices. RESULTS In contrast to experimental animal findings, we found no statistically significant difference between mean levels of reduced or oxidized glutathione in the drug user vs. control groups. Moreover, no correlation was found between levels of drugs in the brain and those of glutathione. CONCLUSIONS Acknowledging the many generic limitations of an autopsied human brain study and the preliminary nature of the findings, our data nevertheless suggest that any oxidative stress caused by heroin or cocaine in chronic users of the drugs might not be sufficient to cause substantial loss of stores of glutathione in the human brain, at least during early withdrawal. These findings, requiring replication, might also have some relevance to future clinical trials employing glutathione supplement therapy as an anti-oxidative strategy in chronic users of the two abused drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Tong
- Preclinical Imaging Unit, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Human Brain Laboratory, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Addiction Imaging Research Group, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | | | - Anna Moszczynska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Gausiha Rathitharan
- Human Brain Laboratory, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada,Addiction Imaging Research Group, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lee-Cyn Ang
- Division of Neuropathology, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey H Meyer
- Research Imaging Centre and Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Romina Mizrahi
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; Institute of Medical Science, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Isabelle Boileau
- Addiction Imaging Research Group, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yoshiaki Furukawa
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University and Post Graduate University of Juntendo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tina McCluskey
- Human Brain Laboratory, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Napapon Sailasuta
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen J. Kish
- Human Brain Laboratory, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rossetti AC, Paladini MS, Colombo M, Gruca P, Lason-Tyburkiewicz M, Tota-Glowczyk K, Papp M, Riva MA, Molteni R. Chronic Stress Exposure Reduces Parvalbumin Expression in the Rat Hippocampus through an Imbalance of Redox Mechanisms: Restorative Effect of the Antipsychotic Lurasidone. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 21:883-893. [PMID: 29788232 PMCID: PMC6119300 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyy046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders are associated with altered function of inhibitory neurotransmission within the limbic system, which may be due to the vulnerability of selective neuronal subtypes to challenging environmental conditions, such as stress. In this context, parvalbumin-positive GABAergic interneurons, which are critically involved in processing complex cognitive tasks, are particularly vulnerable to stress exposure, an effect that may be the consequence of dysregulated redox mechanisms. METHODS Adult Male Wistar rats were subjected to the chronic mild stress procedure for 7 weeks. After 2 weeks, both control and stress groups were further divided into matched subgroups to receive chronic administration of vehicle or lurasidone (3 mg/kg/d) for the subsequent 5 weeks. Using real-time RT-PCR and western blot, we investigated the expression of GABAergic interneuron markers and the levels of key mediators of the oxidative balance in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus. RESULTS Chronic mild stress induced a specific decrease of parvalbumin expression in the dorsal hippocampus, an effect normalized by lurasidone treatment. Interestingly, the regulation of parvalbumin levels was correlated to the modulation of the antioxidant master regulator NRF2 and its chaperon protein KEAP1, which were also modulated by pharmacological intervention. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the susceptibility of parvalbumin neurons to stress may represent a key mechanism contributing to functional and structural impairments in specific brain regions relevant for psychiatric disorders. Moreover, we provide new insights on the mechanism of action of lurasidone, demonstrating that its chronic treatment normalizes chronic mild stress-induced parvalbumin alterations, possibly by potentiating antioxidant mechanisms, which may ameliorate specific functions that are deteriorated in psychiatric patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Rossetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Serena Paladini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Colombo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Piotr Gruca
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | | | | | - Mariusz Papp
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marco A Riva
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy,Correspondence: Marco A. Riva, PhD, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti, 9 - 20133 Milan, Italy ()
| | - Raffaella Molteni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Moreno-Galarza N, Mendieta L, Palafox-Sánchez V, Herrando-Grabulosa M, Gil C, Limón DI, Aguilera J. Peripheral Administration of Tetanus Toxin Hc Fragment Prevents MPP+ Toxicity In Vivo. Neurotox Res 2018; 34:47-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9853-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
28
|
Min JA, Lee HJ, Lee SH, Park YM, Kang SG, Park YG, Chae JH. RORA Polymorphism Interacts with Childhood Maltreatment in Determining Anxiety Sensitivity by Sex: A Preliminary Study in Healthy Young Adults. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2017; 15:402-406. [PMID: 29073752 PMCID: PMC5678479 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2017.15.4.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective Recent studies have reported associations of retinoid-related orphan receptor alpha (RORA) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with depression and anxiety disorders. Based on these, we attempt to test whether RORA polymorphism is associated with anxiety sensitivity (AS), the intermediate phenotype of depression and anxiety disorders. Considering gene-environment interactions and sex differences in AS, childhood maltreatment (CM) and sex were considered as confounders. Methods Two-hundred and five healthy young Korean adults (female: 98, male: 107; age, 23.0±3.2 years) completed genotyping for the RORA SNP rs11071547, as well as measures for AS and CM. Generalized linear models were used to examine the main and interaction effects of RORA genotype, CM, and sex in determining AS. Results The main effect of RORA polymorphisms was not found (p=0.760) whereas the main effect of CM and interaction effects among sex, genotype, and maltreatment were significant on AS. In separate analyses by sex, the interaction effect between RORA genotype and maltreatment was significant only in males (p<0.001). In females, the main effects of genotype and CM were significant (both were p<0.001), in which both a history of CM and C genotype tended to be associated with higher AS. Conclusion The association between RORA polymorphism and AS might differ by sex. The interaction between RORA polymorphism and CM was significant only in males whereas RORA genotype and CM independently associated with AS in females. Further studies are encouraged to confirm the relationship between RORA polymorphism and AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ah Min
- Department of Psychiatry, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Korea
| | - Heon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Division of Brain Korea 21 Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University College of Medicine, Ilsan, Korea
| | - Young-Min Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University College of Medicine, Ilsan, Korea
| | - Seung-Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Young-Gyu Park
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Chae
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Diminished stress resistance and defective adaptive homeostasis in age-related diseases. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:2573-2599. [PMID: 29070521 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive homeostasis is defined as the transient expansion or contraction of the homeostatic range following exposure to subtoxic, non-damaging, signaling molecules or events, or the removal or cessation of such molecules or events (Mol. Aspects Med. (2016) 49, 1-7). Adaptive homeostasis allows us to transiently adapt (and then de-adapt) to fluctuating levels of internal and external stressors. The ability to cope with transient changes in internal and external environmental stress, however, diminishes with age. Declining adaptive homeostasis may make older people more susceptible to many diseases. Chronic oxidative stress and defective protein homeostasis (proteostasis) are two major factors associated with the etiology of age-related disorders. In the present paper, we review the contribution of impaired responses to oxidative stress and defective adaptive homeostasis in the development of age-associated diseases.
Collapse
|
30
|
The Chinese herbal formula Free and Easy Wanderer ameliorates oxidative stress through KEAP1-NRF2/HO-1 pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11551. [PMID: 28912423 PMCID: PMC5599498 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) gains a lot of attention due to high prevalence and strong psychological upset, but the etiology remains undefined and effective treatment is quite limited. Growing studies demonstrated the involvement of oxidative stress in various psychiatry diseases, suggesting anti-oxidation therapy might be a strategy for PTSD treatment. Free and Easy Wanderer (FAEW) is a poly-herbal drug clinically used in China for hundreds of years in the treatment of psychiatric disorder. We hypothesized that FAEW exerts clinical effects through the activity against oxidative stress with fluoxetine as antidepressant control drug. Our results revealed that FAEW significantly reduced both endogenous and H2O2-induced exogenous ROS levels in the human glioblastoma T98G and neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell lines. Transcriptome-wide microarray analysis indicated NRF2/HO-1 as the common target of FAEW and fluoxetine. Western blotting assay proved that the two drugs promoted NRF2 release from KEAP1 in the cytoplasm and translocation to the nuclei in a KEAP1-dependent manner, the expression of the protein HO-1 increased accordingly, suggesting the participation of KEAP1-NRF2/HO-1 pathway. The chemical constituents of FAEW (i.e. paeoniflorin, baicalin) bound to KEAP1 in silico, which hence might be the effective substances of FAEW. In conclusion, FAEW counteracted H2O2-induced oxidative stress through KEAP1-NRF2/HO-1 pathway.
Collapse
|