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Chen T, Chen Y, Li K, Chen Z, Zhao Q, Fan Y, Liu Y, Zhang S, Hao Z. Ginkgo biloba Extract Preventively Intervenes in Citrobacter Rodentium-Induced Colitis in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15082008. [PMID: 37111225 PMCID: PMC10145670 DOI: 10.3390/nu15082008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a highly recurrent gastrointestinal disorder and global public health issue. However, it lacks effective and safe strategies for its control. Although Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) has been suggested to exhibit preventive and therapeutic activity for the control of IBD, whether its activity is associated with its ability to modulate intestinal microbiota remains to be addressed. To investigate the effect of GBE on controlling IBD, a Citrobacter Rodentium (CR)-induced mouse colitis model was used, and then histopathological examinations, biochemical assays, immunohistochemistry, and immunoblotting were performed to detect histological changes, cytokines, and tight junction (TJ) proteins in the intestine samples. We also studied 16s rRNA to detect changes in intestinal microbiota and used GC-MS to determine the microbiota-related metabolites short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The results of our studies revealed that pre-treatment with GBE was sufficient for protecting the animals from CR-induced colitis. As a mechanism for GBE activity, GBE treatment was able to modulate the intestinal microbiota and increase the SCFAs capable of decreasing the pro-inflammatory factors and up-regulating the anti-inflammatory factors while elevating the intestinal-barrier-associated proteins to maintain the integrity of the intestines. Accordingly, our results led to a strong suggestion that GBE should be seriously considered in the preventive control of CR-induced colitis and in the development of effective and safe therapeutic strategies for controlling IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kaiyuan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yimeng Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Suxia Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhihui Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Medicinal Function of Food, National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100193, China
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Anachad O, Taouil A, Taha W, Bennis F, Chegdani F. The Implication of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Obesity and Diabetes. Microbiol Insights 2023; 16:11786361231162720. [PMID: 36994236 PMCID: PMC10041598 DOI: 10.1177/11786361231162720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence indicates that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) generated from the gut microbiota play crucial roles in host metabolism. They contribute to metabolic regulation and energy acquisition of the host by influencing the development of metabolic disorders. This review aims to synthesize recent advances from the literature to investigate the implication of SCFAs in the modulation of obesity and diabetes pathologies. For a better understanding of the relationships between SCFAs and host metabolism, we need to answer some questions: What is the biochemistry of SCFAs, and how they are generated by gut microbiota? What are the bacteria producing of SCFAs and from which routes? How SCFAs are absorbed and transported in the gut by different mechanisms and receptors? How SCFAs involved in obesity and diabetes pathologies?
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Affiliation(s)
- Oumaima Anachad
- Oumaima Anachad, Laboratory of Immunology and biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, B.P 2693 Maarif, Casablanca 20100, Morocco.
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Wu Z, Tian E, Chen Y, Dong Z, Peng Q. Gut microbiota and its roles in the pathogenesis and therapy of endocrine system diseases. Microbiol Res 2023; 268:127291. [PMID: 36542917 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A new field of microbial research is the relationship between microorganisms and multicellular hosts. It is known that gut microbes can cause various endocrine system diseases, such as diabetes and thyroid disease. Changes in the composition or structure and the metabolites of gut microbes may cause gastrointestinal disorders, including ulcers or intestinal perforation and other inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In recent years, reports on the interactions between intestinal microorganisms and endocrine system diseases have been increasingly documented. In the meantime, the treatment based on gut microbiome has also been paid much attention. For example, fecal microbiota transplantation is found to have a therapeutic effect on many diseases. As such, understanding the gut microbiota-endocrine system interactions is of great significance for the theranostic of endocrine system diseases. Herein, we summarize the relations of gut microbiome with endocrine system diseases, and discuss the potentials of regulating gut microbiome in treating those diseases. In addition, the concerns and possible solutions regarding the gut microbiome-based therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoxuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Erkang Tian
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuyang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zaiquan Dong
- Mental Health Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Qiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Short-Chain Fatty Acids as Bacterial Enterocytes and Therapeutic Target in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Biomedicines 2022; 11:biomedicines11010072. [PMID: 36672580 PMCID: PMC9855839 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a disease with multiple gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea or constipation, abdominal pain, bloating) whose pathogenesis is multifactorial. The most important of these factors is the enteric nervous system, also known as the "second brain"; a part of the peripheral nervous system capable of functioning independently of the central nervous system. Modulation of the enteric nervous system can be done by short-chain fatty acids, which are bacterial metabolites of the intestinal microbiota. In addition, these acids provide multiple benefits in diabetes, particularly by stimulating glucagon-like peptide 1 and insulin secretion. However, it is not clear what type of nutraceuticals (probiotics, prebiotics, and alimentary supplements) can be used to increase the amount of short-chain fatty acids and achieve the beneficial effects in diabetes. Thus, even if several studies demonstrate that the gut microbiota modulates the activity of the ENS, and thus, may have a positive effect in diabetes, further studies are needed to underline this effect. This review outlines the most recent data regarding the involvement of SCFAs as a disease modifying agent in diabetes mellitus type 2. For an in-depth understanding of the modulation of gut dysbiosis with SCFAs in diabetes, we provide an overview of the interplay between gut microbiota and ENS.
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Sun Q, Xu W, Liu Y, Zhan S, Shao X, Wu Z, Weng P, Cheng K, Zhang X. Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Demonstrates the Regulation of Peach Polysaccharides on Circadian Rhythm Disturbance. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2101170. [PMID: 35598297 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Plant polysaccharides are thought to have a prebiotic effect, promoting the growth of probiotics, which may regulate circadian rhythms. This study evaluates the regulation of peach polysaccharides (PPS) on circadian rhythm disturbance through intestinal microbiota by a mouse model. METHODS AND RESULTS PPS is administered to mice with circadian rhythm disturbance for 4 weeks. The study finds that PPS ameliorated the structural disorder of intestinal microbiota induced by continuous darkness, decreasing the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B), thereby regulating furfural degradation, penicillin and cephalosporin biosynthesis, and antibiotic biosynthesis. Single-cell transcriptomics is used to determine the type of hypothalamus cells and the expression of clock genes in mice, showing that the number of astrocytes and oligoendrocytes cells in the hypothalamus of the transplanted mice is up-regulated, and the expression of neuroprotective genes such as Sox9 and Mobp increased. In addition, clock genes such as Cry2 and Per3 show significant callback. CONCLUSION This study shows that PPS can ameliorate the imbalance of intestinal microbiota and cell dysfunction caused by circadian rhythm disorder, suggesting that PPS is a feasible strategy for the prevention and treatment of circadian rhythm disorder and related cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Sun
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Wenqing Xu
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Yanan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Shengnan Zhan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Xingfeng Shao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Zufang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Peifang Weng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Kejun Cheng
- Chemical Biology Center, Lishui Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Lishui, 323000, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
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Wang L, Zhang W, Wu X, Liang X, Cao L, Zhai J, Yang Y, Chen Q, Liu H, Zhang J, Ding Y, Zhu F, Tang J. MIAOME: Human Microbiome Affect The Host Epigenome. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:2455-2463. [PMID: 35664224 PMCID: PMC9136154 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides the genetic factors having tremendous influences on the regulations of the epigenome, the microenvironmental factors have recently gained extensive attention for their roles in affecting the host epigenome. There are three major types of microenvironmental factors: microbiota-derived metabolites (MDM), microbiota-derived components (MDC) and microbiota-secreted proteins (MSP). These factors can regulate host physiology by modifying host gene expression through the three highly interconnected epigenetic mechanisms (e.g. histone modifications, DNA modifications, and non-coding RNAs). However, no database was available to provide the comprehensive factors of these types. Herein, a database entitled 'Human Microbiome Affect The Host Epigenome (MIAOME)' was constructed. Based on the types of epigenetic modifications confirmed in the literature review, the MIAOME database captures 1068 (63 genus, 281 species, 707 strains, etc.) human microbes, 91 unique microbiota-derived metabolites & components (16 fatty acids, 10 bile acids, 10 phenolic compounds, 10 vitamins, 9 tryptophan metabolites, etc.) derived from 967 microbes; 50 microbes that secreted 40 proteins; 98 microbes that directly influence the host epigenetic modification, and provides 3 classifications of the epigenome, including (1) 4 types of DNA modifications, (2) 20 histone modifications and (3) 490 ncRNAs regulations, involved in 160 human diseases. All in all, MIAOME has compiled the information on the microenvironmental factors influence host epigenome through the scientific literature and biochemical databases, and allows the collective considerations among the different types of factors. It can be freely assessed without login requirement by all users at: http://miaome.idrblab.net/ttd/
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xianglu Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive and Development, Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lijie Cao
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jincheng Zhai
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yiyang Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qiuxiao Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hongqing Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yubin Ding
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive and Development, Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Corresponding authors at: School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China (J. Tang).
| | - Feng Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Corresponding authors at: School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China (J. Tang).
| | - Jing Tang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproductive and Development, Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Corresponding authors at: School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China (J. Tang).
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He J, Chu Y, Li J, Meng Q, Liu Y, Jin J, Wang Y, Wang J, Huang B, Shi L, Shi X, Tian J, Zhufeng Y, Feng R, Xiao W, Gan Y, Guo J, Shao C, Su Y, Hu F, Sun X, Yu J, Kang Y, Li Z. Intestinal butyrate-metabolizing species contribute to autoantibody production and bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm1511. [PMID: 35148177 PMCID: PMC11093108 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The imbalance between pathogenic and beneficial species of the intestinal microbiome and metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unclarified. Here, using shotgun-based metagenome sequencing for a treatment-naïve patient cohort and a "quasi-paired cohort" method, we observed a deficiency of butyrate-producing species and an overwhelming number of butyrate consumers in RA patients. These outcomes mainly occurred in patients with positive ACPA, with a mean AUC of 0.94. This panel was also validated in established RA with an AUC of 0.986 in those with joint deformity. In addition, we showed that butyrate promoted Tregs, while suppressing Tconvs and osteoclasts, due to potentiation of the reduction in HDAC expression and down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokine genes. Dietary butyrate supplementation conferred anti-inflammatory benefits in a mouse model by rebalancing TFH cells and Tregs, as well as reducing antibody production. These findings reveal the critical role of butyrate-metabolizing species and suggest the potential of butyrate-based therapies for RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yanan Chu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China National Center for Bioinformatics, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Qingren Meng
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yudong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jiayang Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jian Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China National Center for Bioinformatics, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Lianjie Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xing Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People’s Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiayi Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yunzhi Zhufeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Ruiling Feng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wenjing Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yuzhou Gan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jianping Guo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Changjun Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China National Center for Bioinformatics, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yin Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Fanlei Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jun Yu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yu Kang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China National Center for Bioinformatics, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhanguo Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing 100044, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
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Bandala-Sanchez E, Roth-Schulze AJ, Oakey H, Penno MAS, Bediaga NG, Naselli G, Ngui KM, Smith AD, Huang D, Zozaya-Valdes E, Thomson RL, Brown JD, Vuillermin PJ, Barry SC, Craig ME, Rawlinson WD, Davis EA, Harris M, Soldatos G, Colman PG, Wentworth JM, Haynes A, Morahan G, Sinnott RO, Papenfuss AT, Couper JJ, Harrison LC. Women with type 1 diabetes exhibit a progressive increase in gut Saccharomyces cerevisiae in pregnancy associated with evidence of gut inflammation. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 184:109189. [PMID: 35051423 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Studies of the gut microbiome have focused on its bacterial composition. We aimed to characterize the gut fungal microbiome (mycobiome) across pregnancy in women with and without type 1 diabetes. METHODS Faecal samples (n = 162) were collected from 70 pregnant women (45 with and 25 without type 1 diabetes) across all trimesters. Fungi were analysed by internal transcribed spacer 1 amplicon sequencing. Markers of intestinal inflammation (faecal calprotectin) and intestinal epithelial integrity (serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein; I-FABP), and serum antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA) were measured. RESULTS Women with type 1 diabetes had decreased fungal alpha diversity by the third trimester, associated with an increased abundance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that was inversely related to the abundance of the anti-inflammatory butyrate-producing bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Women with type 1 diabetes had higher concentrations of calprotectin, I-FABP and ASCA. CONCLUSIONS Women with type 1 diabetes exhibit a shift in the gut mycobiome across pregnancy associated with evidence of gut inflammation and impaired intestinal barrier function. The relevance of these findings to the higher rate of pregnancy complications in type 1 diabetes warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Bandala-Sanchez
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexandra J Roth-Schulze
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Helena Oakey
- The University of Adelaide, Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Megan A S Penno
- The University of Adelaide, Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Naiara G Bediaga
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gaetano Naselli
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Katrina M Ngui
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alannah D Smith
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dexing Huang
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Enrique Zozaya-Valdes
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Thomson
- The University of Adelaide, Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - James D Brown
- The University of Adelaide, Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Peter J Vuillermin
- Faculty of School of Medicine, Deakin University and Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon C Barry
- The University of Adelaide, Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Maria E Craig
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - William D Rawlinson
- Virology Research Laboratory, Serology and Virology Division, South Eastern Area Laboratory Services Microbiology, NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Davis
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Mark Harris
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia; Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Georgia Soldatos
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne and Diabetes and Vascular Medicine Unit, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter G Colman
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John M Wentworth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Aveni Haynes
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Grant Morahan
- Centre for Diabetes Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Richard O Sinnott
- Melbourne eResearch Group, School of Computing and Information Services, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anthony T Papenfuss
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology and School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Bioinformatics and Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer J Couper
- The University of Adelaide, Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Leonard C Harrison
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Chen J, Pi X, Liu W, Ding Q, Wang X, Jia W, Zhu L. Age-related changes of microbiota in midlife associated with reduced saccharolytic potential: an in vitro study. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:47. [PMID: 33588748 PMCID: PMC7885556 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota is critical in maintaining human health, of which diversity and abundance are subject to significantly reduce in seniors. Gut microbiota is reported to be stable across the long adulthood in general, but lack of careful examination, especially for the midlife people. RESULTS To characterize the gut microbiota in midlife, we investigated the faecal microbiota between two groups of healthy people, young, 20-39 years old, n = 15; and midlife, 40-60 years old, n = 15. Metabolic responses of the microbiota were studied through in vitro batch fermentation model. Although no difference was observed in the diversity indices between the two age groups, a wide range taxonomic changes were found in the faecal microbiota. Furthermore, substantial Bifidobacterium reduction was also found in both faecal and fermented samples. The faecal SCFAs are similar in both groups, as well as starch fermentation broth. However, after inulin fermentation, the acetate concentration and inulin degradation rate decreased while the gas production increased in midlife group, suggesting a deficiency of saccharolytic potential in midlife, especially for non-digestible carbohydrate. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that gut microbiota begins to change as early as in midlife. The reduction in Bifidobacterium dominates the change of the microbiota composition in midlife resulting in attenuated saccharolytic capacity of inulin, possibly leading to insufficient acetate production which might be associated with healthy problems in this transition period from young to elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junkui Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xionge Pi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qunfang Ding
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Jia
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China.
| | - Liying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
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10
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de Groot P, Nikolic T, Pellegrini S, Sordi V, Imangaliyev S, Rampanelli E, Hanssen N, Attaye I, Bakker G, Duinkerken G, Joosten A, Prodan A, Levin E, Levels H, Potter van Loon B, van Bon A, Brouwer C, van Dam S, Simsek S, van Raalte D, Stam F, Gerdes V, Hoogma R, Diekman M, Gerding M, Rustemeijer C, de Bakker B, Hoekstra J, Zwinderman A, Bergman J, Holleman F, Piemonti L, De Vos W, Roep B, Nieuwdorp M. Faecal microbiota transplantation halts progression of human new-onset type 1 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial. Gut 2021; 70:92-105. [PMID: 33106354 PMCID: PMC7788262 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterised by islet autoimmunity and beta cell destruction. A gut microbiota-immunological interplay is involved in the pathophysiology of T1D. We studied microbiota-mediated effects on disease progression in patients with type 1 diabetes using faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). DESIGN Patients with recent-onset (<6 weeks) T1D (18-30 years of age) were randomised into two groups to receive three autologous or allogenic (healthy donor) FMTs over a period of 4 months. Our primary endpoint was preservation of stimulated C peptide release assessed by mixed-meal tests during 12 months. Secondary outcome parameters were changes in glycaemic control, fasting plasma metabolites, T cell autoimmunity, small intestinal gene expression profile and intestinal microbiota composition. RESULTS Stimulated C peptide levels were significantly preserved in the autologous FMT group (n=10 subjects) compared with healthy donor FMT group (n=10 subjects) at 12 months. Small intestinal Prevotella was inversely related to residual beta cell function (r=-0.55, p=0.02), whereas plasma metabolites 1-arachidonoyl-GPC and 1-myristoyl-2-arachidonoyl-GPC levels linearly correlated with residual beta cell preservation (rho=0.56, p=0.01 and rho=0.46, p=0.042, respectively). Finally, baseline CD4 +CXCR3+T cell counts, levels of small intestinal Desulfovibrio piger and CCL22 and CCL5 gene expression in duodenal biopsies predicted preserved beta cell function following FMT irrespective of donor characteristics. CONCLUSION FMT halts decline in endogenous insulin production in recently diagnosed patients with T1D in 12 months after disease onset. Several microbiota-derived plasma metabolites and bacterial strains were linked to preserved residual beta cell function. This study provides insight into the role of the intestinal gut microbiome in T1D. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NTR3697.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter de Groot
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Nikolic
- Department of Internal Medicine, LUMC, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia Pellegrini
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Sordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sultan Imangaliyev
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Rampanelli
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Nordin Hanssen
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Ilias Attaye
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Bakker
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Gaby Duinkerken
- Department of Internal Medicine, LUMC, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Antoinette Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, LUMC, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Andrei Prodan
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeni Levin
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Han Levels
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | | | - Arianne van Bon
- Internal Medicine, Rijnstate, Arnhem, Gelderland, The Netherlands
| | - Catherina Brouwer
- Internal Medicine, OLVG, Location Oost, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Sytze van Dam
- Internal Medicine, OLVG, Location Oost, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Suat Simsek
- Internal Medicine, North West Hospital Group, Alkmaar, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel van Raalte
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Stam
- Internal Medicine, North West Hospital Group, Alkmaar, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Victor Gerdes
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Hoogma
- Internal Medicine, Groene Hart Hospital, Gouda, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Diekman
- Internal Medicine, Deventer Hospital, Deventer, Overijssel, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Gerding
- Internal Medicine, Deventer Hospital, Deventer, Overijssel, The Netherlands
| | - Cees Rustemeijer
- Internal Medicine, Hospital Amstelland, Amstelveen, North Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Bernadette de Bakker
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Hoekstra
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Aeilko Zwinderman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques Bergman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frits Holleman
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Bart Roep
- Department of Internal Medicine, LUMC, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands,Department of Diabetes Immunology, Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute at the Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
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11
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Giampaoli O, Conta G, Calvani R, Miccheli A. Can the FUT2 Non-secretor Phenotype Associated With Gut Microbiota Increase the Children Susceptibility for Type 1 Diabetes? A Mini Review. Front Nutr 2020; 7:606171. [PMID: 33425974 PMCID: PMC7785815 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.606171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The global toll of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has steadily increased over the last decades. It is now widely acknowledged that T1D pathophysiology is more complex than expected. Indeed, a multifaceted interplay between genetic, metabolic, inflammatory and environmental factors exists that leads to heterogeneous clinical manifestations across individuals. Children with non-secretor phenotype and those affected by T1D share low abundance of bifidobacteria, low content of short-chain fatty acids, intestinal phosphatase alkaline and a high incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases. In this context, host-gut microbiota dyad may represent a relevant contributor to T1D development and progression due to its crucial role in shaping host immunity and susceptibility to autoimmune conditions. The FUT2 gene is responsible for the composition and functional properties of glycans in mucosal tissues and bodily secretions, including human milk. FUT2 polymorphisms may profoundly influence gut microbiota composition and host susceptibility to viral infections and chronic inflammatory disease. In this minireview, the possible interplay between mothers' phenotype, host FUT2 genetic background and gut microbiota composition will be discussed in perspective of the T1D onset. The study of FUT2-gut microbiota interaction may add a new piece on the puzzling T1D etiology and unveil novel targets of intervention to contrast T1D development and progression. Dietary interventions, including the intake of α-(1, 2)-fucosyl oligosaccharides in formula milk and the use of specific prebiotics and probiotics, could be hypothesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottavia Giampaoli
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgia Conta
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'Agostino Gemelli' IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Miccheli
- NMR-Based Metabolomics Laboratory (NMLab), Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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12
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Dedrick S, Sundaresh B, Huang Q, Brady C, Yoo T, Cronin C, Rudnicki C, Flood M, Momeni B, Ludvigsson J, Altindis E. The Role of Gut Microbiota and Environmental Factors in Type 1 Diabetes Pathogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:78. [PMID: 32174888 PMCID: PMC7057241 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is regarded as an autoimmune disease characterized by insulin deficiency resulting from destruction of pancreatic β-cells. The incidence rates of T1D have increased worldwide. Over the past decades, progress has been made in understanding the complexity of the immune response and its role in T1D pathogenesis, however, the trigger of T1D autoimmunity remains unclear. The increasing incidence rates, immigrant studies, and twin studies suggest that environmental factors play an important role and the trigger cannot simply be explained by genetic predisposition. Several research initiatives have identified environmental factors that potentially contribute to the onset of T1D autoimmunity and the progression of disease in children/young adults. More recently, the interplay between gut microbiota and the immune system has been implicated as an important factor in T1D pathogenesis. Although results often vary between studies, broad compositional and diversity patterns have emerged from both longitudinal and cross-sectional human studies. T1D patients have a less diverse gut microbiota, an increased prevalence of Bacteriodetes taxa and an aberrant metabolomic profile compared to healthy controls. In this comprehensive review, we present the data obtained from both animal and human studies focusing on the large longitudinal human studies. These studies are particularly valuable in elucidating the environmental factors that lead to aberrant gut microbiota composition and potentially contribute to T1D. We also discuss how environmental factors, such as birth mode, diet, and antibiotic use modulate gut microbiota and how this potentially contributes to T1D. In the final section, we focus on existing recent literature on microbiota-produced metabolites, proteins, and gut virome function as potential protectants or triggers of T1D onset. Overall, current results indicate that higher levels of diversity along with the presence of beneficial microbes and the resulting microbial-produced metabolites can act as protectors against T1D onset. However, the specifics of the interplay between host and microbes are yet to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Dedrick
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | | | - Qian Huang
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Claudia Brady
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Tessa Yoo
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Catherine Cronin
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Caitlin Rudnicki
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Michael Flood
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Babak Momeni
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Johnny Ludvigsson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Emrah Altindis
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Emrah Altindis
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13
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Targeting gut microbiota as a possible therapy for mastitis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 38:1409-1423. [PMID: 31079312 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03549-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mastitis, a disease that affects both dairy herds and humans, is recognized as the most common source of losses in the dairy industry. Antibiotics have been used for years as the primary treatment for mastitis. However, abuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of resistant strains and the presence of drug residues and has increased the difficulty of curing this disease. In addition, antibiotics kill most of the microbes that are present in the digestive tract, leading to imbalances in the gut microbiome and destruction of the ecosystem that is normally present in the gut. Gut microbiota play an important role in the host's health and could be considered the "second brain" of the body. In recent years, the gut microbiota and their metabolites, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), have been shown to participate in the development of mastitis. LPS is the main component of the cell walls of gram-negative bacteria. Overproduction of rumen-derived LPS injures the rumen epithelium, resulting in the entry of LPS into the blood and damaged liver function; once in the blood, it circulates into the mammary gland, increasing blood-barrier permeability and leading to mammary gland inflammation. SCFAs, which are produced by gut microbiota as fermentation products, have a protective effect on mammary gland inflammatory responses and help maintain the function of the blood-milk barrier. Recently, increasing attention has been focused on the use of probiotics as a promising alternative for the treatment of mastitis. This review summarizes the effects of the gut microbiome and its metabolites on mastitis as well as the current of probiotics in mastitis. This work may provide a valuable theoretical foundation for the development of fresh ideas for the prevention and treatment of mastitis.
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14
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Tan JK, McKenzie C, Mariño E, Macia L, Mackay CR. Metabolite-Sensing G Protein-Coupled Receptors-Facilitators of Diet-Related Immune Regulation. Annu Rev Immunol 2018; 35:371-402. [PMID: 28446062 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-051116-052235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition and the gut microbiome regulate many systems, including the immune, metabolic, and nervous systems. We propose that the host responds to deficiency (or sufficiency) of dietary and bacterial metabolites in a dynamic way, to optimize responses and survival. A family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) termed the metabolite-sensing GPCRs bind to various metabolites and transmit signals that are important for proper immune and metabolic functions. Members of this family include GPR43, GPR41, GPR109A, GPR120, GPR40, GPR84, GPR35, and GPR91. In addition, bile acid receptors such as GPR131 (TGR5) and proton-sensing receptors such as GPR65 show similar features. A consistent feature of this family of GPCRs is that they provide anti-inflammatory signals; many also regulate metabolism and gut homeostasis. These receptors represent one of the main mechanisms whereby the gut microbiome affects vertebrate physiology, and they also provide a link between the immune and metabolic systems. Insufficient signaling through one or more of these metabolite-sensing GPCRs likely contributes to human diseases such as asthma, food allergies, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, hepatic steatosis, cardiovascular disease, and inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian K Tan
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; , , ,
| | - Craig McKenzie
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; , , ,
| | - Eliana Mariño
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; , , , .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Laurence Macia
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; , , , .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Charles R Mackay
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; , , ,
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