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Collins ML, Williams D, Pierson BE, D'Orio CS, Oliver MA, Moffatt LT, Shupp JW, Travis TE, Carney BC. Wound Healing and Scar Patterning After Addition of Autologous Skin Cell Suspension to Meshed Grafts. J Surg Res 2024; 302:925-935. [PMID: 39276425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A common treatment for large deep-to-full-thickness burns is excision and grafting with a widely meshed split-thickness skin graft (mSTSG). Due to the differential healing of the interstices and adhered split-thickness skin graft, wound patterning and delayed wound healing are common outcomes of this treatment. Delayed healing may increase infection rates and wound care requirements, while wound patterning may be psychologically and aesthetically consequential for patients. Autologous skin cell suspension (ASCS) can be used to "over spray" a meshed autograft. It was hypothesized that the use of ASCS combined with mSTSG would increase the rate of wound healing and decrease patterning in healed burn wounds. METHODS Full-thickness burns or excisional wounds (n = 8 each) were created in red Duroc pigs and received 4:1 mSTSGs after wound bed preparation. Half of the wounds received ASCS and half did not at the time of grafting. Percent re-epithelialization, patterning, rete ridge ratio, cellularity, dermal and epidermal thickness, immunofluorescent S100β staining, and melanin index were assessed for each scar. RESULTS Wounds that received ASCS exhibited increased rates of re-epithelialization (burn +ACSC versus burn-ASCS; day 3 (53.9 ± 3.1 versus 34.3 ± 3.3, P = 0.009): day 5 (68.1 ± 1.6 versus 40.8 ± 3.2, P < 0.001)). Excision +ASCS versus excision-ASCS; day 7 (98.1 ± 1.2 versus 86.4 ± 2.0, day 7 P = 0.022) compared to wounds not treated with ASCS. There was no difference in rete ridge ratio, cellularity, dermal thickness, epidermal thickness, S100β staining, melanin index, or patterning was measured between wounds that received ASCS and those that did not. CONCLUSIONS The addition of ASCS to 4:1 mSTSGs leads to increased rate of wound healing but does not impact the degree of patterning in this model, suggesting that ASCS application likely robustly transfers keratinocytes but not functioning melanocytes at acute timepoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica L Collins
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Dillon Williams
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia; Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Brooke E Pierson
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Cameron S D'Orio
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Mary A Oliver
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Lauren T Moffatt
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jeffrey W Shupp
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia; The Burn Center, Department of Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Taryn E Travis
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia; The Burn Center, Department of Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Bonnie C Carney
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia.
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Stanton EW, Manasyan A, Boudiab E, Carey JN, Daar DA. The Impact of Increased Body Mass Index on Patient Outcomes and Complications in Microsurgical Lower Extremity Reconstruction. Microsurgery 2024; 44:e31231. [PMID: 39235078 DOI: 10.1002/micr.31231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated body mass index (BMI) is a known perioperative risk factor for complications such as delayed wound healing and infection. However, there is a gap in understanding how elevated BMI impacts outcomes after posttraumatic lower extremity (LE) microvascular reconstruction. METHODS A retrospective review was performed at a level 1 trauma center between 2007 and 2022 of patients who underwent posttraumatic microvascular LE reconstruction. Demographics, flap/wound details, complications, and outcomes were recorded. Patients were stratified into BMI Center for Disease Control categories. RESULTS A total of 398 patients were included with an average BMI of 28.2 ± 5.8. Nearly half (45%) of LE defects were located in the distal third of the leg, 27.5% in the middle third, and 34.4% in the proximal third. Most reconstructions utilized muscle-containing flaps (74.4%) compared with fasciocutaneous flaps (16.8%). Surgical approaches included free flaps (47.6%) and local flaps (52.5%). Class III obese patients were significantly more likely to be nonambulatory than nonobese patients (OR: 4.10, 95% CI 1.10-15.2, p = 0.035). At final follow-up, 30.1% of patients with Class III obesity were ambulatory, requiring either wheelchairs (42.3%) or assistance devices (26.9%). There were no significant differences in complication rates based on obesity status (0.704). The average follow-up time for the entire cohort was 5.8 years. CONCLUSIONS BMI is critical for patient care and surgical decision-making in LE reconstruction. Further research is warranted to optimize outcomes for higher BMI patients, thereby potentially reducing the burden of postoperative complications and enhancing overall patient recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloise W Stanton
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Artur Manasyan
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth Boudiab
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Joseph N Carey
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David A Daar
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Stroffolini T, Stroffolini G. Prevalence and Modes of Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Historical Worldwide Review. Viruses 2024; 16:1115. [PMID: 39066277 PMCID: PMC11281430 DOI: 10.3390/v16071115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus infection affects over 58 million individuals and is responsible for 290,000 annual deaths. The infection spread in the past via blood transfusion and iatrogenic transmission due to the use of non-sterilized glass syringes mostly in developing countries (Cameroon, Central Africa Republic, Egypt) but even in Italy. High-income countries have achieved successful results in preventing certain modes of transmission, particularly in ensuring the safety of blood and blood products, and to a lesser extent, reducing iatrogenic exposure. Conversely, in low-income countries, unscreened blood transfusions and non-sterile injection practices continue to play major roles, highlighting the stark inequalities between these regions. Currently, injection drug use is a major worldwide risk factor, with a growing trend even in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Emerging high-risk groups include men who have sex with men (MSM), individuals exposed to tattoo practices, and newborns of HCV-infected pregnant women. The World Health Organization (WHO) has proposed direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy as a tool to eliminate infection by interrupting viral transmission from infected to susceptible individuals. However, the feasibility of this ambitious and overly optimistic program generates concern about the need for universal screening, diagnosis, linkage to care, and access to affordable DAA regimens. These goals are very hard to reach, especially in LMICs, due to the cost and availability of drugs, as well as the logistical complexities involved. Globally, only a small proportion of individuals infected with HCV have been tested, and an even smaller fraction of those have initiated DAA therapy. The absence of an effective vaccine is a major barrier to controlling HCV infection. Without a vaccine, the WHO project may remain merely an illusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Stroffolini
- Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Stroffolini
- Department of Infectious-Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Don A. Sempreboni, 5, 37024 Negrar, Verona, Italy
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Schuster CR, Reiche E, Keller PR, Hu S, Soares V, Rahmayanti S, Suresh V, Harris TGW, Doloff JC, Tuffaha S, Coon D. Testosterone Promotes Nerve Tethering and Acellular Biomaterial Perineural Fibrosis in a Rat Wound Repair Model. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2024. [PMID: 38775428 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2024.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: Nerve scarring after traumatic or iatrogenic exposure can lead to impaired function and pain. Nerve-adjacent biomaterials promoting a regenerative tissue response may help reduce perineural fibrosis. Our prior work suggests that testosterone may promote fibrotic skin scarring, but it is unknown how testosterone alters nerve fibrosis or shifts the response to biomaterials. Approach: Sterilized Lewis rats received either testosterone cypionate (+T) or placebo (-T) biweekly. Fifteen days later, wounds were created over the sciatic nerve and covered with an acellular matrix (AM) or closed via primary closure (PC). At day 42, force gauge testing measured the force required to mobilize the nerve, and wound tissue was analyzed. Results: Nerve mobilization force was greater in +T versus -T wounds (p < 0.01). Nerves tore before gliding in 60% of +T versus 6% of -T rats. Epidermal gap (p < 0.01), scar width (p < 0.01), and cross-sectional scar tissue area (p = 0.02) were greater in +T versus -T rats. +T versus -T rats expressed less Col-3 (p = 0.02) and CD68 (p = 0.02). Nerve mobilization force trended nonsignificantly higher for PC versus AM wounds and for +T versus -T wounds within the AM cohort. Innovation: Testosterone increases nerve tethering in the wound healing milieu, altering repair and immune cell balances. Conclusion: Testosterone significantly increases the force required to mobilize nerves in wound beds and elevates histological markers of scarring, suggesting that testosterone-induced inflammation may increase perineural adhesion. Testosterone may reduce the potential anti-tethering protective effect of AM. Androgen receptor antagonism may represent a therapeutic target to reduce scar-related nerve morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin R Schuster
- Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Erik Reiche
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick R Keller
- Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sophia Hu
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vance Soares
- Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Siti Rahmayanti
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Visakha Suresh
- Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas G W Harris
- Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua C Doloff
- Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sami Tuffaha
- Departments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Devin Coon
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Perelmuter S, Burns R, Shearer K, Grant R, Soogoor A, Jun S, Meurer JA, Krapf J, Rubin R. Genitourinary syndrome of lactation: a new perspective on postpartum and lactation-related genitourinary symptoms. Sex Med Rev 2024; 12:279-287. [PMID: 38757214 DOI: 10.1093/sxmrev/qeae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a well-documented condition characterized by a range of genitourinary symptoms in peri- and postmenopausal women. As with GSM, postpartum lactating women experience reduced estrogen and androgen levels. However, there is limited research on the impact of symptoms during the postpartum breastfeeding period. OBJECTIVES The aim was to review the literature for genitourinary health in the postpartum breastfeeding population and summarize key findings and potential treatments. METHODS We performed a comprehensive literature review in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus from inception of database to November 2023 using the following keywords individually and in combination: "physiology of postpartum" or "physiology of lactogenesis" or "vulvovaginal health" or "vaginal atrophy" or "vaginal dryness" or "dyspareunia" or "urinary incontinence" or "lactation" or "breastfeeding" or "vaginal estrogen." All identified articles published in English were considered. Relevant studies were extracted, evaluated, and analyzed. The work presented in this article represents a summative review of the identified literature. RESULTS During lactation, high levels of prolactin inhibit estrogen and androgen secretion via negative feedback, which leads to an increased prevalence of vulvovaginal atrophy, vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, and urinary incontinence in lactating postpartum women. Despite these highly prevalent and potentially devastating symptoms, there is a lack of consistent screening at postpartum visits and no treatment guidelines available to health care providers. CONCLUSION Postpartum breastfeeding women experience similar physiology and symptoms to the postmenopausal phase, as seen in GSM. We propose the introduction of a novel term to describe the genitourinary changes seen in postpartum breastfeeding individuals: genitourinary syndrome of lactation. The diagnostic use of genitourinary syndrome of lactation will equip health care providers with an all-encompassing term to bring awareness to the symptoms experienced by postpartum breastfeeding individuals and lead to improved screening and treatment for the high numbers of individuals experiencing these genitourinary changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Perelmuter
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, United States
| | - Ramzy Burns
- Department of Urology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 47405, United States
| | - Katie Shearer
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, United States
| | - Raeven Grant
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Anantha Soogoor
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, William Carey University, Hattiesburg, MS 39401, United States
| | - Soyoun Jun
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Janine Alexis Meurer
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14203, United States
| | - Jill Krapf
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Vulvovaginal Disorders, Washington, DC 20037, United States
| | - Rachel Rubin
- Department of Urology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, United States
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Zhang ET, Wells KL, Bergman AJ, Ryan EE, Steinmetz LM, Baker JC. Uterine injury during diestrus leads to placental and embryonic defects in future pregnancies in mice†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:819-833. [PMID: 38206869 PMCID: PMC11017118 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Uterine injury from procedures such as Cesarean sections (C-sections) often have severe consequences on subsequent pregnancy outcomes, leading to disorders such as placenta previa, placenta accreta, and infertility. With rates of C-section at ~30% of deliveries in the USA and projected to continue to climb, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which these pregnancy disorders arise and opportunities for intervention are needed. Here we describe a rodent model of uterine injury on subsequent in utero outcomes. We observed three distinct phenotypes: increased rates of resorption and death, embryo spacing defects, and placenta accreta-like features of reduced decidua and expansion of invasive trophoblasts. We show that the appearance of embryo spacing defects depends entirely on the phase of estrous cycle at the time of injury. Using RNA-seq, we identified perturbations in the expression of components of the COX/prostaglandin pathway after recovery from injury, a pathway that has previously been demonstrated to play an important role in embryo spacing. Therefore, we demonstrate that uterine damage in this mouse model causes morphological and molecular changes that ultimately lead to placental and embryonic developmental defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa T Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kristen L Wells
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Abby J Bergman
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Emily E Ryan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lars M Steinmetz
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julie C Baker
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Collazos J, Pérez-Is L, de la Fuente B, Morano L, Rivas-Carmenado M, Rodriguez M, Romero-Favela A, de Jesús Fonseca-González G, Melón S, Diaz-Arias J, Valle-Garay E, Asensi V. No gender differences in the 24-month course of non-invasive liver fibrosis markers after DAA therapy in HCV-mono and HCV/HIV-coinfected patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7534. [PMID: 38553507 PMCID: PMC10980728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Untreated HCV mono and HCV/HIV coinfected women have lower degrees of liver fibrosis (LF) compared to men. Direct acting antiviral (DAA) therapy attains viral eradication in > 90% of patients with progressive LF decline in parallel. Gender-related differences in LF regression in the long term assessed by non-invasive liver fibrosis markers (NILFM) in HCV mono and HCV/HIV coinfected after DAA treatment have not been explored so far. 374 HCV-infected adult patients, 214 of them HCV/HIV coinfected, were followed-up for 24 months after starting DAA therapy. LF was assessed by NILFM: transient elastometry (TE) and several biochemical indexes (APRI, Forns, FIB-4). Men had significantly more advanced LF at baseline than women assessed by NILFM. No LF differences at baseline in age, HIV coinfection course (CD4, HIV viral load), and HCV features (HCV viral load, genotype) were detected. No significant gender differences in LF decline after comparing 24-month and baseline LF values were observed. LF changes after DAA therapy were similar in HCV mono and HCV/HIV coinfected patients and in both sexes. Gender did not influence the course of LF decline after DAA assessed by NILFM: TE (P = 0.8), APRI (P = 0.9), Forns (P = 0.4) and FIB-4 (P = 0.7) by multivariate analysis. No gender differences in the 24 month LF decline after DAA with independence of having HCV mono or HCV/HIV coinfection were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Collazos
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital of Galdakao-Usansolo, Galdácano Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Laura Pérez-Is
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oviedo Medical School, Oviedo, Spain
- Group of Translational Research in Infectious Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Luis Morano
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI), Vigo, Spain
| | - Maria Rivas-Carmenado
- Infectious Diseases-HIV Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo Medical School, Oviedo, Spain
- Group of Translational Research in Infectious Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodriguez
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Service, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo Medical School, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | | | - Santiago Melón
- Virology Division, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo Medical School, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Javier Diaz-Arias
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oviedo Medical School, Oviedo, Spain
- Group of Translational Research in Infectious Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eulalia Valle-Garay
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oviedo Medical School, Oviedo, Spain
- Group of Translational Research in Infectious Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Víctor Asensi
- Infectious Diseases-HIV Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo Medical School, Oviedo, Spain.
- Group of Translational Research in Infectious Diseases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.
- Infectious Diseases-HIV Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Avenida de Roma S/N, 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
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Nanda N, Huang LC, Chen SC, Berry LD, Talatala ERR, Clark E, Ye W, Gelbard A, Francis D. Association between Estrogen Exposure and Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:825-830. [PMID: 37668331 PMCID: PMC10842213 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) is a rare, recurrent, fibroinflammatory disease affecting the larynx and proximal trachea. Given it occurs primarily in adult females, estrogen is speculated to play a central pathophysiological role. This study aimed to evaluate relationships between estrogen exposure, disease progression, and recurrence. METHODS North American Airway Collaborative (NoAAC) data of adults with iSGS obstructive airway lesions, who underwent index endoscopic airway dilation, were used to identify associations between estrogen exposure, disease characteristics, and time to recurrence (TTR), and interventions were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and Pearson coefficient. Cox proportional hazards regression models compared hazard ratios by estrogen exposure. Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted for TTR based on menopausal status. RESULTS In all, 533 females had complete estrogen data (33% premenopausal, 17% perimenopausal, 50% postmenopausal). Median estrogen exposure was 28 years. Overall, there was no dose-response relationship between estrogen exposure and disease recurrence. Premenopausal patients had significantly shorter time from symptom manifestation to diagnosis (1.17 vs. 1.42 years perimenopausal vs. 2.08 years postmenopausal, p < 0.001), shorter time from diagnosis to index endoscopic airway dilation (1.90 vs. 2.50 vs. 3.76 years, p = 0.005), and higher number of procedures (1.73 vs. 1.20 vs. 1.08 procedures, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate premenopausal patients may have a more aggressive disease variant than their peri- and postmenopausal counterparts. However, it is unclear as to whether this is related to reduced estrogen in the peri- and postmenopausal states or the age-related physiology of wound healing and inflammation, regardless of estrogen. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 134:825-830, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nainika Nanda
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Li-Ching Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Sheau-Chiann Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Lynn D. Berry
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Evan Clark
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Wenda Ye
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Alexander Gelbard
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - David Francis
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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Schmidt A, Singer D, Aden H, von Woedtke T, Bekeschus S. Gas Plasma Exposure Alters Microcirculation and Inflammation during Wound Healing in a Diabetic Mouse Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:68. [PMID: 38247492 PMCID: PMC10812527 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes can disrupt physiological wound healing, caused by decreased levels or impaired activity of angiogenic factors. This can contribute to chronic inflammation, poor formation of new blood vessels, and delayed re-epithelialization. The present study describes the preclinical application of medical gas plasma to treat a dermal, full-thickness ear wound in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Gas plasma-mediated effects occurred in both sexes but with gender-specific differences. Hyperspectral imaging demonstrated gas plasma therapy changing microcirculatory parameters, particularly oxygen saturation levels during wound healing, presumably due to the gas plasma's tissue delivery of reactive species and other bioactive components. In addition, gas plasma treatment significantly affected cell adhesion by regulating focal adhesion kinase and vinculin, which is important in maintaining skin barrier function by regulating syndecan expression and increasing re-epithelialization. An anticipated stimulation of blood vessel formation was detected via transcriptional and translational increase of angiogenic factors in gas plasma-exposed wound tissue. Moreover, gas plasma treatment significantly affected inflammation by modulating systemic growth factors and cytokine levels. The presented findings may help explain the mode of action of successful clinical plasma therapy of wounds of diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Schmidt
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Debora Singer
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venerology, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstr. 13, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Henrike Aden
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas von Woedtke
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Greifswald University Medical Center, Sauerbruchstr., 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venerology, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstr. 13, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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10
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Singh P, Sharma S, Sharma PK, Alam A. Topical Anti-ulcerogenic Effect of the Beta-adrenergic Blockers on Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Recent Advances and Future Prospectives. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:23-37. [PMID: 37867269 DOI: 10.2174/0115733998249061231009093006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes suffer from major complications like Diabetic Retinopathy, Diabetic Coronary Artery Disease, and Diabetic Foot ulcers (DFUs). Diabetes complications are a group of ailments whose recovery time is especially delayed, irrespective of the underlying reason. The longer duration of wound healing enhances the probability of problems like sepsis and amputation. The delayed healing makes it more critical for research focus. By understanding the molecular pathogenesis of diabetic wounds, it is quite easy to target the molecules involved in the healing of wounds. Recent research on beta-adrenergic blocking drugs has revealed that these classes of drugs possess therapeutic potential in the healing of DFUs. However, because the order of events in defective healing is adequately defined, it is possible to recognize moieties that are currently in the market that are recognized to aim at one or several identified molecular processes. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore some molecules with different therapeutic categories that have demonstrated favorable effects in improving diabetic wound healing, also called the repurposing of drugs. METHOD Various databases like PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar and Web of Science (WoS) of all English language articles were searched, and relevant information was collected regarding the role of beta-adrenergic blockers in diabetic wounds or diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) using the relevant keywords for the literature review. RESULT The potential beta-blocking agents and their mechanism of action in diabetic foot ulcers were studied, and it was found that these drugs have a profound effect on diabetic foot ulcer healing as per reported literatures. CONCLUSION There is a need to move forward from preclinical studies to clinical studies to analyze clinical findings to determine the effectiveness and safety of some beta-antagonists in diabetic foot ulcer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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11
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Couturier A, Calissi C, Cracowski JL, Sigaudo-Roussel D, Khouri C, Roustit M. Mouse models of diabetes-related ulcers: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. EBioMedicine 2023; 98:104856. [PMID: 38251464 PMCID: PMC10755106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a common complication of diabetes, associated with important morbidity. Appropriate animal models of DFUs may improve drug development, and subsequently the success rate of clinical trials. However, while many models have been proposed, they are extremely heterogeneous, and no standard has emerged. We thus propose a systematic review with a network meta-analysis (NMA) to gather direct and indirect evidence, and compare the different mouse models of diabetes-related ulcers. METHODS The systematic search was performed in Pubmed and Embase. The main outcomes were wound size measurement at days 3, 7, 11 and 15 (±1 day). The risk of bias and methodological quality of all included studies was assessed by using the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) risk of bias tool. Meta-regressions were done on prespecified variables, including mouse strain, type of ulcer, sex, age, and use of a splint. FINDINGS We included 295 studies. Among all models, only db/db, ob/ob, streptozotocin (STZ), and STZ + high fat diet mice showed a significantly delayed wound healing, compared with controls, at each time point. Age, sex and ulcer type had influence on wound healing, although not at all time points. INTERPRETATION In conclusion, the db/db model is associated with the largest delay in wound healing The STZ model also exhibits significantly decreased wound healing. STZ + high fat diet and ob/ob mice may also be relevant models of diabetes-related ulcers, although the results rely on a more limited number of studies. FUNDING This work was funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (grant ANR-18-CE17-0017).
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Couturier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1300, HP2, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Clément Calissi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1300, HP2, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Jean-Luc Cracowski
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1300, HP2, Grenoble 38000, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm CIC1406, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble 38000, France
| | | | - Charles Khouri
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1300, HP2, Grenoble 38000, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm CIC1406, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Matthieu Roustit
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1300, HP2, Grenoble 38000, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm CIC1406, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble 38000, France.
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12
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Zomer HD, Cooke PS. Targeting estrogen signaling and biosynthesis for aged skin repair. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1281071. [PMID: 38028803 PMCID: PMC10645088 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1281071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-healing skin wounds are disproportionally prevalent in older adults. Current treatments do not account for the particularities of aged skin and result in inadequate outcomes. Overall, healing chronic wounds in the elderly remains a major unmet clinical need. Estrogens play a critical role in reproduction but also have important actions in non-reproductive organs. Estrogen biosynthesis and signaling pathways are locally activated during physiological wound healing, processes that are inhibited in elderly estrogen-deprived skin. Estrogen deprivation has been shown to be a critical mediator of impaired wound healing in both postmenopausal women and aged men, and topical estrogen application reverses age-associated delayed wound healing in both elderly men and women. These data indicate that adequate estrogen biosynthesis and properly regulated estrogen signaling pathways are essential for normal wound healing and can be targeted to optimize tissue repair in the elderly. However, due to fundamental questions regarding how to safely restore estrogen signaling locally in skin wounds, there are currently no therapeutic strategies addressing estrogen deficiency in elderly chronic wounds. This review discusses established and recent literature in this area and proposes the hypothesis that estrogen plays a pleiotropic role in skin aging and that targeting estrogen signaling and biosynthesis could promote skin repair in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena D. Zomer
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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13
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Tian J, Li XJ, Ma Y, Mai Z, Yang Y, Luo M, Xu W, Chen K, Chen X, Tang J, Cheng B, Cui X. Correlation of bioactive components of platelet rich plasma derived from human female adult peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood with age. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18428. [PMID: 37891219 PMCID: PMC10611812 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45747-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has gained significant attention in the field of regenerative medicine due to its potential therapeutic applications. However, few studies have reported the components, especially anti-ageing-related components, of PRP derived from umbilical cord blood (UCB). It is essential to understand the influence of age on the composition and efficacy of PRP to optimize its clinical use. The present study compared the concentrations of bioactive components in PRP from healthy female adults and UCB-derived PRP. PRP was obtained from blood samples from females in four age groups (12 per group): neonates (UCB donors) and adults aged 18-25, 26-45, and 46-65 years, respectively. The concentrations of epidermal growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), insulin-like growth factor-1, platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA), PDGF-AB/BB, vascular endothelial growth factor A, RANTES, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, GDF11, and clusterin and activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the PRP samples were determined and compared among groups. Pairwise comparisons between the groups showed statistically significant differences in the concentrations of some bioactive components of PRP, such as FGF-2, PDGF-AB/BB, and clusterin, and GPx activity. UCB-derived PRP contains various active ingredients such as VEGF-A, CAT activity, and TIMP-2. Contrary to expectations, UCB-derived PRP did not show higher concentrations of the anti-ageing protein GDF11. Because UCB is a rich source of bioactive components with low immunogenicity, its use in PRP preparation is an important research direction for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Tian
- Department of Plastic Surgery, People's Hospital of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan, 528421, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiong Jie Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, People's Hospital of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan, 528421, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongshi Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiming Mai
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Luo
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Wenping Xu
- Department of General Practice, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Kui Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Xuri Chen
- Department of General Practice, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Jianbing Tang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area of Chinese PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China.
| | - Xiao Cui
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China.
- Department of Physiotherapy, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong, China.
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14
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Abu-Romman A, Scholand KK, Pal-Ghosh S, Yu Z, Kelagere Y, Yazdanpanah G, Kao WWY, Coulson-Thomas VJ, Stepp MA, de Paiva CS. Conditional deletion of CD25 in the corneal epithelium reveals sex differences in barrier disruption. Ocul Surf 2023; 30:57-72. [PMID: 37516317 PMCID: PMC10812880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE IL-2 promotes activation, clonal expansion, and deletion of T cells. IL-2 signals through its heterotrimeric receptor (IL-2R) consisting of the CD25, CD122 and CD132 chains. CD25 knockout (KO) mice develop Sjögren Syndrome-like disease. This study investigates whether corneal CD25/IL-2 signaling is critical for ocular health. METHODS Eyes from C57BL/6 mice were collected and prepared for immunostaining or in-situ hybridization. Bulk RNA sequencing was performed on the corneal epithelium from wild-type and CD25KO mice. We generated a conditional corneal-specific deletion of CD25 in the corneal epithelium (CD25Δ/ΔCEpi). Corneal barrier function was evaluated based on the uptake of a fluorescent dye. Mice were subjected to unilateral corneal debridement, followed by epithelial closure over time. RESULTS In C57BL/6 mice, CD25 mRNA was expressed in ocular tissues. Protein expression of CD25, CD122, and CD132 was confirmed in the corneal epithelium. Delayed corneal re-epithelization was seen in female but not male CD25KO mice. There were 771 differentially expressed genes in the corneal epithelium of CD25KO compared to wild-type mice. While barrier function is disrupted in CD25Δ/ΔCEpi mice, re-epithelialization rates are not delayed. CONCLUSIONS All three chains of the IL-2R are expressed in the corneal epithelium. Our results indicate for the first time, deleting CD25 systemically in all tissues in the mouse and deleting CD25 locally in just the corneal epithelium compromises corneal epithelial barrier function, leading to dry eye disease in female mice. Future studies are needed to delineate the pathways used by IL-2 signaling to influence cornea homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmar Abu-Romman
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Kaitlin K Scholand
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Sonali Pal-Ghosh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States.
| | - Zhiyuan Yu
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Yashaswini Kelagere
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Ghasem Yazdanpanah
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Winston W-Y Kao
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
| | | | - Mary Ann Stepp
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States.
| | - Cintia S de Paiva
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States.
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15
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Li M, Li M, Dai Y, Li D, Yu H, Liu J, Gao H, Zhong Y, Huang M, Lin J, Xie Y, Guo Z, Chen X. 16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals the correlation between the gut microbiota and the susceptibility to pathological scars. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1215884. [PMID: 37434704 PMCID: PMC10332274 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1215884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome profile in patients with pathological scars remains rarely known, especially those patients who are susceptible to pathological scars. Previous studies demonstrated that gut microbial dysbiosis can promote the development of a series of diseases via the interaction between gut microbiota and host. The current study aimed to explore the gut microbiota of patients who are prone to suffer from pathological scars. 35 patients with pathological scars (PS group) and 40 patients with normal scars (NS group) were recruited for collection of fecal samples to sequence the 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) V3-V4 region of gut microbiota. Alpha diversity of gut microbiota showed a significant difference between NS group and PS group, and beta diversity indicated that the composition of gut microbiota in NS and PS participants was different, which implied that dysbiosis exhibits in patients who are susceptible to pathological scars. Based on phylum, genus, species levels, we demonstrated that the changing in some gut microbiota (Firmicutes; Bacteroides; Escherichia coli, etc.) may contribute to the occurrence or development of pathological scars. Moreover, the interaction network of gut microbiota in NS and PS group clearly revealed the different interaction model of each group. Our study has preliminary confirmed that dysbiosis exhibits in patients who are susceptible to pathological scars, and provide a new insight regarding the role of the gut microbiome in PS development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minghao Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingting Dai
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dang Li
- Nursing Department of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Han Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Area Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Fuzhou MineButy Clinics, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hangqi Gao
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingquan Huang
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yide Xie
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaosong Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, China
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16
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Kim HY, Im HY, Chang HK, Jeong HD, Park JH, Kim HI, Yi HS, Kim YS. Correlation between Collagen Type I/III Ratio and Scar Formation in Patients Undergoing Immediate Reconstruction with the Round Block Technique after Breast-Conserving Surgery. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041089. [PMID: 37189707 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the collagen type I/III ratio and scarring in patients who underwent immediate reconstruction with the round block technique (RBT) after breast conservation surgery. Seventy-eight patients were included, and demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. The collagen type I/III ratio was measured using immunofluorescence staining and digital imaging, and scarring was assessed using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS). The mean VSS scores were 1.92 ± 2.01 and 1.79 ± 1.89, as assessed by two independent plastic surgeons, with good reliability of the scores. A significant positive correlation was found between VSS and the collagen type I/III ratio (r = 0.552, p < 0.01), and a significant negative correlation was found between VSS and the collagen type III content (r = −0.326, p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the collagen type I/III ratio had a significant positive effect on VSS (β = 0.415, p = 0.028), whereas the collagen type I and collagen type III content had no significant effect on VSS. These findings suggest that the collagen type I/III ratio is associated with scar development in patients undergoing RBT after breast conservation surgery. Further research is needed to develop a patient-specific scar prediction model based on genetic factors affecting the collagen type I/III ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-young Kim
- We Are the Plastic Surgery, 415, Haeun-daero, Haeundae-gu, Busan 48064, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-young Im
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Kosin University, 262, Seo-gu, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-kyung Chang
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kosin University, 262, Seo-gu, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-do Jeong
- Kosin Innovative Smart Healthcare Research Center, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, 262, Seo-gu, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-hyung Park
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Kosin University, 262, Seo-gu, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-il Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Kosin University, 262, Seo-gu, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-suk Yi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Kosin University, 262, Seo-gu, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-soo Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Kosin University, 262, Seo-gu, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea
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17
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Perioperative Medication Management in Elective Plastic Surgery Procedures. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:1131-1136. [PMID: 36735455 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perioperative medication management is vital to maintain patient safety while under anesthesia, as well as to avoid postoperative complications. Plastic surgeons make daily decisions on whether to ask a patient to stop taking medication before their surgery. These important decisions can affect bleeding risk, wound healing, and interactions with anesthetics, which can range from minor to life-threatening. Current plastic surgery literature lacks a comprehensive review of perioperative medication management, with existing reports focusing on specific procedures and specific medication classes. METHODS A PubMed database search was conducted for articles through July 2021. The bibliographies of included studies were also examined for articles not acquired in the initial search queries. The authors included studies on medication usage and perioperative guidance in patients undergoing elective plastic surgery procedures. The authors excluded studies unrelated to plastic surgery and studies where the medications were used as an intervention. Abstracts, animal studies, studies involving the pediatric population, and book chapters were also excluded, as well as articles not published in English. RESULTS A total of 801 papers were identified by our search terms. After title and abstract screening, 35 papers were selected for full-text review. After full-text review, 20 papers were selected for inclusion, with an additional 6 papers from cited references added. Of the 26 papers, 6 papers discussed psychotropic drugs, 6 papers discussed medications affecting hemostasis, 4 papers discussed hormone-containing medications, 3 papers discussed antilipid medications, 2 papers discussed antihypertensive medications, 2 papers discussed herbal supplements, 1 paper discussed both psychotropic and herbal supplements, 1 paper discussed medications affecting wound healing, and 1 paper discussed rheumatologic medications. A summary of those recommendations was then compiled together. CONCLUSIONS The perioperative medication management in elective plastic surgery procedures remains a complex and multidisciplinary process. It is important to manage these patients in a case-by-case manner and to consult a specialist when necessary. Careful medication reconciliation is essential to decrease the likelihood of adverse outcomes and interactions with perioperative anesthetics.
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18
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Zhuang R, Yang M, Xu L, Li Y, Li Y, Hu T, Chen Y, Nie X, Yan X, Kong X, Yang S, Guo S. Characteristics analysis of 157 cases of central airway stenosis due to tracheobronchial tuberculosis: A descriptive study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1115177. [PMID: 36817912 PMCID: PMC9932966 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1115177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tracheobronchial stenosis, particularly central airway stenosis, which frequently results in severe complications such as lung damage, occurs in patients with tracheobronchial tuberculosis (TBTB). Objectives To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with central airway stenosis due to tuberculosis (CASTB). Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical features, radiological features, bronchoscopic features and treatment of 157 patients who were diagnosed with CASTB in two tertiary hospitals in Chongqing, China, from May 2020 to May 2022. Results CASTB mostly occurs in young patients and females. Patients with CASTB exhibited different symptoms repeatedly during the disease, especially varying degrees of dyspnea, prompting many patients to undergo bronchoscopic intervention and even surgery. Patients with cicatricial strictures constituted the highest proportion of the TBTB subtype with CASTB and 35.7% of the patients with CASTB were found to have tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) under bronchoscopy. CASTB and TBM mainly involved the left main bronchus. Patients with lower levels of education had higher rates of TBM. Patients with TBM manifested shortness of breath more frequently than patients without TBM. Patients with TBTB who had undergone bronchoscopic interventions have a higher rate of TBM. Conclusions Despite mostly adequate anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, patients with TBTB can present with CASTB involving severe scarring stenosis, bronchial occlusion, tracheobronchomalacia and even destroyed lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjuan Zhuang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingjin Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yishi Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Nie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yan
- Department of Tuberculosis, Chong Qing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianghua Kong
- Department of Tuberculosis, Chong Qing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Chong Qing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuliang Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Shuliang Guo ✉
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Kuzinska MS, Rau B, Gül-Klein S. Erkenntnisse der Gendermedizin – Relevanz für die Chirurgie? Zentralbl Chir 2023; 148:5-8. [PMID: 36822181 DOI: 10.1055/a-2015-3821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Beate Rau
- Chirurgische Klinik, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Safak Gül-Klein
- Chirurgische Klinik, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
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The Role of Platelets in the Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Adenomyosis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12030842. [PMID: 36769489 PMCID: PMC9918158 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12030842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Widely viewed as an enigmatic disease, adenomyosis is a common gynecological disease with bewildering pathogenesis and pathophysiology. One defining hallmark of adenomyotic lesions is cyclic bleeding as in eutopic endometrium, yet bleeding is a quintessential trademark of tissue injury, which is invariably followed by tissue repair. Consequently, adenomyotic lesions resemble wounds. Following each bleeding episode, adenomyotic lesions undergo tissue repair, and, as such, platelets are the first responder that heralds the subsequent tissue repair. This repeated tissue injury and repair (ReTIAR) would elicit several key molecular events crucial for lesional progression, eventually leading to lesional fibrosis. Platelets interact with adenomyotic cells and actively participate in these events, promoting the lesional progression and fibrogenesis. Lesional fibrosis may also be propagated into their neighboring endometrial-myometrial interface and then to eutopic endometrium, impairing endometrial repair and causing heavy menstrual bleeding. Moreover, lesional progression may result in hyperinnervation and an enlarged uterus. In this review, the role of platelets in the pathogenesis, progression, and pathophysiology is reviewed, along with the therapeutic implication. In addition, I shall demonstrate how the notion of ReTIAR provides a much needed framework to tether to and piece together many seemingly unrelated findings and how it helps to make useful predictions.
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Rai V, Agrawal DK. Male or female sex: considerations and translational aspects in diabetic foot ulcer research using rodent models. Mol Cell Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Reiche E, Tan Y, Louis MR, Keller PR, Soares V, Schuster CR, Lu T, O’Brien Coon D. A Novel Mouse Model for Investigating the Effects of Gender-affirming Hormone Therapy on Surgical Healing. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2022; 10:e4688. [PMID: 36467118 PMCID: PMC9708152 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing problems are a major cause of morbidity for gender-affirming surgery (GAS) patients. Prior studies have shown sex differences in wound healing may exist. We hypothesized exogenous testosterone supplementation may impair post-GAS wound healing and developed a model to investigate this phenomenon. Mice were randomized by hormone regimen and gonadectomy (OVX). Gonadectomy or sham occurred on day 0 and mice were assigned to no testosterone (-T), mono- or bi-weekly (T/2T) testosterone groups. Dorsal splinted wounding occurred on day 14 and harvest on day 21. Serum testosterone levels were quantified with mass spectrometry. Tissue underwent analysis with planimetry, qPCR, ELISA, and immunofluorescence. Mean testosterone trough levels for bi-weekly regimen were higher compared to mono-weekly (397 versus 272 ng/dL; P = 0.027). At POD5, 2T injections led to 24.9% and 24.7% increases in mean wound size relative to SHAM and OVX/-T, respectively (P = 0.004; 0.001). Wounds in OVX/+2T mice demonstrated increased gene expression for inflammatory cytokines and macrophage marker F4/80 (P < 0.05). ELISA confirmed elevated wound TNFα levels (P < 0.05). Quantitative multiplex immunofluorescence with F4/80/NOS2/ARG1 showed significant increases in macrophage prevalence in OVX/+2T (P < 0.05). We developed a novel model of GAS hormonal milieu to study effects of exogenous testosterone on wound healing. Optimized twice-weekly dosing yielded serum levels comparable to clinical therapy. We showed exogenous testosterone administered to XX/OVX mice significantly impairs wound healing. A hyperinflammatory wound environment results in increased macrophage proliferation and elevated cytokines. Future efforts are directed toward mechanistic investigation and clinical validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Reiche
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
| | - Yu Tan
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
| | - Matthew R. Louis
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Patrick R. Keller
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Vance Soares
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
| | - Calvin R. Schuster
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
| | - Tingying Lu
- The Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
| | - Devin O’Brien Coon
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Mass
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Martinez FE, Cassettaria LL, Nicolaua NC, de Barros Camargoa VM, de Almeida Chuffaa LG, Pinheiroa PFF, Padovania CR, Martinez M. Ageing decreases the healing of wounds in the skin of alcohol-preferring rats. J Wound Care 2022; 31:872-881. [PMID: 36240793 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2022.31.10.872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol consumption combined with ageing alters the healing process of the skin. We evaluated whether ageing decreases the healing of incisional wounds in the skin of Wistar rats of Universidade de Chile of variety B (UChB). METHOD A total of 20 adult rats and 20 older UChB rats, divided into two groups which underwent surgical aggression in the anterior region of the abdomen, were used: G1, adult rats (100 days old, control) with water and 10% ethanol; G2, aged rats (540 days old, experimental) with water and 10% ethanol; evaluated at 4, 7, 14 and 21 days after surgery. RESULTS Ageing did not alter the rupture force and collagen elasticity and resistance. There were increases in telomerase with the implementation of cellular senescence, in interleukin 1-alpha (IL-1α) at 14 days of healing, in epidermal growth factor (EGF) at 14 and 21 days of healing with delayed growth and development of keratinocytes, also an increase of IL-β at 4 days, and decrease in tumour necrosis factor (TNFα) at 7 days, associated with chronic scarring. There was an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) at 4 and 7 days, responsible for the early vessels re-establishment. There was a decrease in transforming growth factor 2-beta (TGFβ2) and β3 at 4 and 7 days of healing respectively, and estradiol at 4 days. CONCLUSION Ageing decreases the skin healing in incisional wounds in alcohol-preferring rats.
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Tamoxifen Prevents Peritendinous Adhesions: A Preliminary Report. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4250771. [PMID: 36177054 PMCID: PMC9514950 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4250771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Scarless healing comprises the ultimate goal after an injury. Since tendon healing results in a fibrotic scar, an injured tendon can never regain the mechanical potential and strength of its uninjured form. A wide variety of studies focus on the tendon healing with an absent or minimal peritendinous adhesions. However, no simple method has managed it at all. Possible complex actions and peritendinous environmental events take place during the tendon healing process. Tamoxifen (TAM), besides its breast cancer-related usage, is a potent antifibrotic drug. Here, we aimed to reduce the peritendinous adhesion with TAM administration. Methods Achilles tendons of 44 Wistar albino rats were randomly distributed in 4 groups. In group 1, bilateral lower extremities were used as control and sham. Groups 2 and 3 were comprised of low-dose (1 mg/kg) and high-dose (40 mg/kg) systemic administration of TAM, respectively. Group 4 included local administration (1 mg/kg) of TAM. Biomechanical, macroscopical, and histopathological analyses were done and compared statistically. Biomechanically, the maximum force that led to tendon rupture was determined, and tensile force data were recorded via tensile testing device. Macroscopical and histopathological analysis were composed of the quantity, quality, and grade of peritendinous adhesions. Results Macroscopic and histopathologic findings revealed that groups 2 and 3 had a variety of values ranging between slight to severe adhesions. In group 2, almost half of the animals had moderate adhesions, whereas in group 3, the majority of the animals had moderate adhesions. There were no animals with moderate or severe adhesions in group 4. Statistically significant values were calculated between sham and control groups. Biomechanically, group 2 showed the most significant result. The tendons in group 2 had the highest stiffness when maximal force was applied to rupture the tendons. Henceforth, all these consequences were proven statistically. Conclusion We achieved less peritendinous adhesion with the local administration of TAM when compared to systemic administration of TAM. A better understanding of the peritendinous environmental process will reveal to develop new therapies in the prevention of peritendinous adhesions.
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The Impact of Corticosteroid Administration at Different Time Points on Mucosal Wound Healing in Rats: An Experimental Pilot In Vivo Study. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11091309. [PMID: 36138788 PMCID: PMC9495556 DOI: 10.3390/biology11091309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the impact of corticosteroid (CS) administration at different time points on palatal wound healing in rats. Thirty-six young male rats were divided into three groups. The test groups were treated by CS in the early (1–4 days) and late (5–9 days) stages after palatal wounding, while the control group was left for spontaneous healing. Our findings do not support the positive impact of CS administration on palatal wound healing. While microscopically, we found no difference between the CS and control groups, CS exposure was associated with a macroscopically larger final wound area, reflecting a possible harmful effect of CS. Abstract Background: Conflicting results were found regarding the effect of corticosteroid (CS) administration upon wound healing. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the impact of CS administration at different time points on palatal wound healing in rats. Methods: A 4.2 mm diameter punch created a secondary healing excisional palatal defect in thirty-six (36) Wistar-derived, two-month-old male rats weighing 250–270 g. We evaluated the effect of CS by comparing wound healing between three equal groups: 12 rats who were not exposed to CS and two additional groups in which 1 mg/kg dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) was administered daily, early (1–4 days) and late (5–9 days) after injury. The dynamics of the healing process were evaluated weekly in 4 sacrificed rats from each group for three weeks. The wound area was assessed both macroscopically and microscopically; the inflammation score was assessed microscopically. Results: The initial wound area in all the rats was 13.85 mm2. At the end of the study, it decreased to 4.11 ± 0.88 mm2, 7.32 ± 2.11 mm2, and 8.87 ± 3.01 mm2 in control, early, and late CS administration groups, respectively (p = 0.075). Inflammation scores showed a tendency to decrease in the third week in all groups, with no statistical differences. Conclusions: Our findings do not support the positive impact of CS administration on palatal wound healing. While microscopically, we found no difference between the CS and control groups, CS exposure was associated with a macroscopically larger final wound area, reflecting a possible harmful effect of CS.
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Vasculature atrophy causes a stiffened microenvironment that augments epidermal stem cell differentiation in aged skin. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:592-600. [PMID: 37117774 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00244-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell loss causes tissue deterioration associated with aging. The accumulation of genomic and oxidative stress-induced DNA damage is an intrinsic cue for stem cell loss1,2; however, whether there is an external microenvironmental cue that triggers stem cell loss remains unclear. Here we report that the involution of skin vasculature causes dermal stiffening that augments the differentiation and hemidesmosome fragility of interfollicular epidermal stem cells (IFESCs) in aged mouse skin. Aging-related IFESC dysregulation occurs in plantar and tail skin, and is correlated with prolonged calcium influx, which is contributed by the mechanoresponsive ion channel Piezo1 (ref. 3). Epidermal deletion of Piezo1 ameliorated IFESC dysregulation in aged skin, whereas Piezo1 activation augmented IFESC differentiation and hemidesmosome fragility in young mice. The dermis stiffened with age, which was accompanied by dermal vasculature atrophy. Conversely, induction of the dermal vasculature softened the dermis and ameliorated IFESC dysregulation in aged skin. Single-cell RNA sequencing of dermal fibroblasts identified an aging-associated anti-angiogenetic secretory molecule, pentraxin 3 (ref. 4), which caused dermal sclerotization and IFESC dysregulation in aged skin. Our findings show that the vasculature softens the microenvironment for stem cell maintenance and provide a potential mechanobiology-based therapeutic strategy against skin disorders in aging.
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Trevissón B, Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo R, Sevillano D, González N, Losa-Iglesias ME, López-López D, Alou L. Influence of Sexual Dimorphism, Aging, and Differential Cell Capture Efficiency of Blood Separation Systems on the Quality of Platelet-Rich Plasma. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061683. [PMID: 35330008 PMCID: PMC8953315 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Few studies have checked the impact of the hormonal/immunological dimorphism of patients on the cellular composition of platelet-rich plasma products (PRP). Whole blood (WB) from 26 volunteers was concentrated using a device previously characterized. Platelet and white blood cell (WBC) counts in WB and PRP were compared between genders, and after the population was split into pre (≤50 years)- and post (>50 years)-menopausal ages. In WB, platelet−total WBC densities were comparable in men and women. The phagocytic cell composition differed (p ≤ 0.04). After dividing by ages, phagocytic cell discrepancies were linked to women > 50 years (p ≤ 0.05), and differences emerged in lymphocyte counts (lower in >50 years groups, within and between genders, p ≤ 0.05). In PRP, densities were significantly higher, but the PRP/WB ratios varied according to blood cell (lower for phagocytic cells) and between subjects (more favorable at a lower density of a particular blood cell in WB). This “system compensatory efficiency” reduced/reverted PRP differences in the leukocyte composition between genders/age−sex groups in WB. In PRP, neutrophils were higher in younger men than older women (p < 0.05). WB lymphocyte differences between age−sex groups persisted. Age is a more determining factor than sex in the preparation of PRP. Post-menopause, sexual dimorphism strongly influences the composition of leukocytes, also conditioned by the capture efficiency of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana Trevissón
- SALBIS Research Group, Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de León, 24004 León, Spain;
| | | | - David Sevillano
- Microbiology Section, Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.G.); (L.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Natalia González
- Microbiology Section, Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.G.); (L.A.)
| | | | - Daniel López-López
- Research, Health and Podiatry Group, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Industrial Campus of Ferrol, Universidade da Coruña, 15403 Ferrol, Spain;
| | - Luis Alou
- Microbiology Section, Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (N.G.); (L.A.)
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Mukai K, Horike SI, Meguro-Horike M, Nakajima Y, Iswara A, Nakatani T. Topical estrogen application promotes cutaneous wound healing in db/db female mice with type 2 diabetes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264572. [PMID: 35271602 PMCID: PMC8912242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Female sex hormones are beneficial effects for wound healing. However, till date, whether topical estrogen application can promote cutaneous wound healing in diabetes remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to validate the effect of topical estrogen application on cutaneous wound healing in a type 2 diabetes db/db mice model. In total, 22 db/db female mice with type 2 diabetes and eight C57BL/6J female mice were subjected to two full-thickness wound injuries. The mice were divided into the db/db, db/db + estrogen, db/db + vehicle, and wild type (WT) groups. Wound healing was assessed until day 14. The db/db group had a significantly high wound area ratio (wound area/initial wound area) on days 3–14 and a significantly low re-epithelialization ratio on days 7 and 14. Moreover, their angiogenesis ratio was significantly low on day 7 and high on day 14. In contrast, compared with the db/db group, the db/db + estrogen group had a significantly lower wound area ratio on days 1–14 and angiogenesis ratio on day 14, thereby indicating early withdrawal of new blood vessels, as well as a significantly higher re-epithelialization ratio on days 7 and 14 and Ym1+ M2 macrophage/macrophage ratio on day 7. Moreover, microarray analysis showed that the top 10 upregulated or downregulated genes in the db/db group were reversed by estrogen treatment, particularly on day 14, in comparison with the WT group. Thus, topical estrogen application reduced the wound area, promoted re-epithelialization and angiogenesis, and increased the number of M2 macrophages in mice with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, it improved the differential regulation of genes in db/db mice. Therefore, such treatment can enhance cutaneous wound healing in female mice with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Mukai
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shin-ichi Horike
- Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Makiko Meguro-Horike
- Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yukari Nakajima
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Arya Iswara
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Nursing, Graduate Course of Nursing Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Toshio Nakatani
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
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Effectiveness of green tea cream in comparison with silver sulfadiazine cream in the treatment of second degree burn in human subjects. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Evaluation of the Number of Follow-up Surgical Procedures and Time Required for Delayed Breast Reconstruction by Clinical Risk Factors, Type of Oncological Therapy, and Reconstruction Approach. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022; 46:71-82. [PMID: 34595599 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-021-02580-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast reconstructive surgery is often a multistage process. The aim was to understand which factors might increase the number of follow-up surgeries and the length of time required to complete the reconstruction process. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was performed. Clinical data of 110 patients who underwent delayed postmastectomy breast reconstruction with a 5-year examination period were reviewed retrospectively. Impact of clinical risk factors, oncological therapy, and reconstruction approach on the number of surgeries and the length of required time was analyzed. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test were used. RESULTS In patients undergoing perioperative hormone therapy, an average of 2.9 surgeries and length of 20.2 months were required compared to 2.3 surgeries and 14.0 months in patients without hormone therapy (P = 0.003; P = 0.005). Previous abdominal surgery was associated with an increased number of breast reconstruction stages of 3.1 per patient (P = 0.056) and a longer reconstruction time of 23.0 months (P = 0.050). Patients undergoing nipple reconstruction or implant revision required an increased number of surgeries (P < 0.001; P = 0.012) and a longer reconstruction time (P = 0.002; P < 0.001). Contralateral breast surgery and flap revision were associated only with an increased number of surgeries (P < 0.001; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Perioperative hormone therapy was associated with a significantly higher number of surgeries and duration of time required to complete the reconstruction process. The highest increase in the number of surgeries was in patients with flap revision including anastomosis revision and necrectomy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Wilkinson HN, Reubinoff B, Shveiky D, Hardman MJ, Menachem-Zidon OB. Epithelial arginase-1 is a key mediator of age-associated delayed healing in vaginal injury. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:927224. [PMID: 36034415 PMCID: PMC9410732 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.927224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pelvic organ prolapse is a disorder that substantially affects the quality of life of millions of women worldwide. The greatest risk factors for prolapse are increased parity and older age, with the largest group requiring surgical intervention being post-menopausal women over 65. Due to ineffective healing in the elderly, prolapse recurrence rates following surgery remain high. Therefore, there is an urgent need to elucidate the cellular and molecular drivers of poor healing in pelvic floor dysfunction to allow effective management and even prevention. Recent studies have uncovered the importance of Arginase 1 for modulating effective healing in the skin. We thus employed novel in vitro and in vivo vaginal injury models to determine the specific role of Arginase 1 in age-related vaginal repair. Here we show, for the first time, that aged rat vaginal wounds have reduced Arginase 1 expression and delayed healing. Moreover, direct inhibition of Arginase 1 in human vaginal epithelial cells also led to delayed scratch-wound closure. By contrast, activation of Arginase 1 significantly accelerated healing in aged vaginal wounds in vivo, to rates comparable to those in young animals. Collectively, these findings reveal a new and important role for Arginase 1 in mediating effective vaginal repair. Targeting age-related Arginase 1 deficiency is a potential viable therapeutic strategy to promote vaginal healing and reduce recurrence rate after surgical repair of pelvic organ prolapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly N. Wilkinson
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Ofra Ben Menachem-Zidon, ; Holly N. Wilkinson,
| | - Benjamin Reubinoff
- The Hadassah Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center and the Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah – Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Shveiky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah – Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Section of Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Matthew J. Hardman
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Ofra Ben Menachem-Zidon
- The Hadassah Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center and the Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- *Correspondence: Ofra Ben Menachem-Zidon, ; Holly N. Wilkinson,
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Carney BC, Oliver MA, Erdi M, Kirkpatrick LD, Tranchina SP, Rozyyev S, Keyloun JW, Saruwatari MS, Daristotle JL, Moffatt LT, Kofinas P, Sandler AD, Shupp JW. Evaluation of Healing Outcomes Combining A Novel Polymer Formulation with Autologous Skin Cell Suspension to Treat Deep Partial and Full Thickness Wounds in a Porcine Model; A Pilot Study. Burns 2022; 48:1950-1965. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Kravchenko LB. Influence of Social Conditions on Humoral Adaptive Immunity in Bank (Clethrionomys glareolus) and Gray-Sided (Clethrionomys rufocanus) Voles: An Experimental Study. BIOL BULL+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359021090120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kaňuchová M, Urban L, Melegová N, Čoma M, Dvořánková B, Smetana K, Gál P. Genistein does not inhibit TGF-beta1-induced conversion of human dermal fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Physiol Res 2021; 70:815-820. [PMID: 34505520 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) is a pro-fibrotic cytokine with a key role in wound repair and regeneration, including induction of fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition. Genistein is a naturally occurring selective estrogen receptor modulator with promising anti-fibrotic properties. In the present study we aimed to investigate whether genistein modulates TGF-beta1 (canonical and non-canonical) signaling in normal dermal fibroblasts at the protein level (Western blot and immunofluorescence). We demonstrated that TGF-beta1 induces the myofibroblast-like phenotype in the studied fibroblast signaling via canonical (SMAD) and non-canonical (AKT, ERK1/2, ROCK) pathways. Genistein induced only ERK1/2 expression, whereas the combination of TGF-beta1 and genistein attenuated the ERK1/2 and ROCK signaling. Of note, the other studied pathways remained almost unaffected. From this point of view, genistein does not impair conversion of normal fibroblasts to myofibroblast-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kaňuchová
- Department of Pharmacology, MediPark and East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic. or
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Katayoshi T, Kusano Y, Shibata T, Uchida K, Tsuji-Naito K. Low-molecular-weight whey proteins promote collagen production in dermal fibroblasts via the TGF-β receptor/Smad pathway. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:2232-2240. [PMID: 34498684 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Whey proteins (WPs) reportedly enhance cutaneous tissue regeneration in in vivo studies. However, the underlying mechanisms of such regenerative processes are poorly understood. In this study, we show that low-molecular-weight WPs (LMWPs; 1-30 kDa) accelerate the dermal collagen production via the transforming growth factor β receptor (TβR)/Smad pathway. We showed that LMWPs increased type I and III collagen expression in normal human dermal fibroblasts. Moreover, LMWPs rapidly induced Smad protein phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Notably, type I TβR/Smad signaling inhibitor treatment or type II TβR siRNA knockdown blocked the LMWP-induced type I collagen expression. To identify the active components, we fractionated LMWPs and identified β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin as potential TβR/Smad signaling inducers. Our findings unravel novel biological functions of WPs, involving the TβR/Smad-dependent induction of dermal collagen synthesis, highlighting the therapeutic potential of LMWPs in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Katayoshi
- DHC Corporation Laboratories, Division 2, 2-42 Hamada, Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuri Kusano
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shibata
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koji Uchida
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tsuji-Naito
- DHC Corporation Laboratories, Division 2, 2-42 Hamada, Mihama-ku, Chiba, Japan
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Bielli A, Freitas-de-Melo A, Genovese P, Villagrán M, Tasende C, Ungerfeld R. Androgen and oestrogen receptors in the growing antlers velvet of adult and yearling pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) males. Anat Histol Embryol 2021; 50:947-955. [PMID: 34549460 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To determine the presence, quantity and distribution of androgen (AR) and oestrogen receptors (ER) in the antler velvet (AV), samples were collected from adult and yearling pampas deer males, as well as skin from the ventrolateral abdominal area (ASK). Samples were analysed with ligand-binding assays for AR and ER activity and processed for AR and ERβ immunohistochemistry. There was more content of AR in adults than in yearling males (p = 0.02), as well as a category and type of tissue interaction (p = 0.03). There was more ER content in adults than in yearling males (p = 0.005) and in the AV than in the skin (p = 0.0001). The AR-positive score (PS) was greater in AV than in ASK in the surface stroma (p = 0.0007). In the intermediate epidermis, the AR PS was greater in adults than in yearling males (p = 0.04) and in the ASK than in the AV (p < 0.0001). There was a male category and type of tissue interaction for AR PS in the sebaceous glands (p = 0.014). The ERβ PS in the surface stroma was greater in ASK than in AV (p = 0.004) and tended to be greater in yearling than in adult males (p = 0.093). The ERβ PS in the intermediate epithelium and the sebaceous glands was greater in adults than in yearlings (p = 0.004 and p = 0.007, respectively). In conclusion, we reported for the first time the presence of AR and ER in the velvet skin of growing antlers in pampas deer males. Therefore, the velvet skin is sensitive to both androgens and oestrogens. Furthermore, the greater content of oestrogen receptors in the velvet of adult males suggests that adults are more sensitive to this hormone than yearlings, and thus, oestrogens have greater importance in velvet activity regulation in adult males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Bielli
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1620, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Aline Freitas-de-Melo
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1620, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Patricia Genovese
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1620, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Matías Villagrán
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1620, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Celia Tasende
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1620, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rodolfo Ungerfeld
- Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1620, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Moset Zupan A, Nietupski C, Schutte SC. Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Eliminates Sex Differences in Estradiol-Induced Elastin Production from Engineered Dermal Substitutes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126358. [PMID: 34198681 PMCID: PMC8232104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of adult cells' ability to produce sufficient amounts of elastin and assemble functional elastic fibers is an issue for creating skin substitutes that closely match native skin properties. The effects of female sex hormones, primarily estrogen, have been studied due to the known effects on elastin post-menopause, thus have primarily included older mostly female populations. In this study, we examined the effects of female sex hormones on the synthesis of elastin by female and male human dermal fibroblasts in engineered dermal substitutes. Differences between the sexes were observed with 17β-estradiol treatment alone stimulating elastin synthesis in female substitutes but not male. TGF-β levels were significantly higher in male dermal substitutes than female dermal substitutes and the levels did not change with 17β-estradiol treatment. The male dermal substitutes had a 1.5-fold increase in cAMP concentration in the presence of 17β-estradiol compared to no hormone controls, while cAMP concentrations remained constant in the female substitutes. When cAMP was added in addition to 17β-estradiol and progesterone in the culture medium, the sex differences were eliminated, and elastin synthesis was upregulated by 2-fold in both male and female dermal substitutes. These conditions alone did not result in functionally significant amounts of elastin or complete elastic fibers. The findings presented provide insights into differences between male and female cells in response to female sex steroid hormones and the involvement of the cAMP pathway in elastin synthesis. Further explorations into the signaling pathways may identify better targets to promote elastic fiber synthesis in skin substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreja Moset Zupan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (A.M.Z.); (C.N.)
| | - Carolyn Nietupski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (A.M.Z.); (C.N.)
| | - Stacey C. Schutte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (A.M.Z.); (C.N.)
- Department of Research, Shriners Hospitals for Children-Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
- Correspondence:
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Wilkinson HN, Hardman MJ. A role for estrogen in skin ageing and dermal biomechanics. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 197:111513. [PMID: 34044023 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The skin is the body's primary defence against the external environment, preventing infection and desiccation. Therefore, alterations to skin homeostasis, for example with skin ageing, increase susceptibility to skin disease and injury. Skin biological ageing is uniquely influenced by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic (primarily photoageing) factors, with differential effects on skin structure and function. Interestingly, skin architecture rapidly changes following the menopause, as a direct result of reduced circulating 17β-estradiol. The traditional clinical benefit of estrogens are supported by recent experimental data, where 17β-estradiol supplementation prevents age-related decline in the skin's structural and mechanical properties. However, the off-target effects of 17β-estradiol continue to challenge therapeutic application. Here we discuss how ageing alters the physiological and structural properties of the dermal extracellular matrix, and explore how estrogen receptor-targeted therapies may restore the mechanical defects associated with skin ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly N Wilkinson
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, The University of Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Hardman
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, The University of Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom.
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Wierzbicka A, Mańkowska-Wierzbicka D, Cieślewicz S, Stelmach-Mardas M, Mardas M. Interventions Preventing Vaginitis, Vaginal Atrophy after Brachytherapy or Radiotherapy Due to Malignant Tumors of the Female Reproductive Organs-A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:3932. [PMID: 33918070 PMCID: PMC8070443 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18083932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy, as a method of treatment of cervical and uterine cancers, may induce severe late-onset vaginal side effects. Unfortunately, little evidence on the management of adverse effects has been presented. This study aimed to evaluate the available interventions which reduce symptoms of vaginitis and vaginal atrophy by improving dyspareunia, mucosal inflammation, vaginal pH and vaginal dryness in women who have undergone brachytherapy or radiotherapy due to uterine or cervical malignancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed following PRISMA guidelines. The systematic search was conducted using electronic databases, namely Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed, between October and November 2020 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) and, prospective randomized studies (PRS). RESULTS The analyzed population consists of 376 patients with uterine or cervical cancer, treated with hyaluronic acid, vitamin A, vitamin E, alpha-tocopherol acetate and dienestrol. Intervention with HA along with vitamin A and vitamin E revealed advantage in endpoints such as reduced dyspareunia, vaginal mucosal inflammation, vaginal dryness, bleeding, fibrosis and cellular atypia. Administration of alpha-tocopherol acetate reduced vaginal mucosal inflammation and improved vaginal acanthosis, whereas dienestrol resulted in reduced dyspareunia, vaginal caliber and bleeding. CONCLUSIONS Vaginal suppositories were found to be clinically effective at the management of late-onset vulvovaginal side effects after radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Wierzbicka
- Department of Obesity Treatment, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Science, Szamarzewskiego 84 St, 60-569 Poznan, Poland
| | - Dorota Mańkowska-Wierzbicka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Heliodor Święcicki Hospital, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland
| | - Stanisław Cieślewicz
- Department of Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Szamarzewskiego 82/84 St, 60-569 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Stelmach-Mardas
- Department of Obesity Treatment, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Science, Szamarzewskiego 84 St, 60-569 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Mardas
- Department of Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Science, Szamarzewskiego 82/84 St, 60-569 Poznan, Poland
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Ding X, Kakanj P, Leptin M, Eming SA. Regulation of the Wound Healing Response during Aging. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:1063-1070. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Hauck L, Dadson K, Chauhan S, Grothe D, Billia F. Inhibiting the Pkm2/b-catenin axis drives in vivo replication of adult cardiomyocytes following experimental MI. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:1398-1417. [PMID: 33288902 PMCID: PMC8027412 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult mammalian cardiomyocytes (CM) are postmitotic, differentiated cells that cannot re-enter the cell cycle after any appreciable injury. Therefore, understanding the factors required to induce CM proliferation for repair is of great clinical importance. While expression of muscle pyruvate kinase 2 (Pkm2), a cytosolic enzyme catalyzing the final step in glycolysis, is high in end-stage heart failure (HF), the loss of Pkm2 promotes proliferation in some cellular systems, in vivo. We hypothesized that in the adult heart CM proliferation may require low Pkm2 activity. Thus, we investigated the potential for Pkm2 to regulate CM proliferation in a mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI) employing inducible, cardiac-specific Pkm2 gene knockout (Pkm2KOi) mice. We found a lack of cardiac hypertrophy or expression of the fetal gene program in Pkm2KOi mice post MI, as compared to vehicle control animals (P < 0.01), correlating with smaller infarct size, improved mitochondrial (mt) function, enhanced angiogenesis, reduced degree of CM apoptosis, and reduced oxidative stress post MI. There was significantly higher numbers of dividing CM in the infarct zone between 3-9 days post MI (P < 0.001). Mechanistically, we determined that Pkm2 interacts with β-catenin (Ctnnb1) in the cytoplasm of CM, inhibiting Ctnnb1 phosphorylation at serine 552 and tyrosine 333, by Akt. In the absence of Pkm2, Ctnnb1 translocates to the nucleus leading to transcriptional activation of proliferation-associated target genes. All these effects are abrogated by genetic co-deletion of Pkm2 and Ctnnb1. Collectively, this work supports a novel antiproliferative function for Pkm2 in CM through the sequestration of Ctnnb1 in the cytoplasm of CM whereas loss of Pkm2 is essential for CM proliferation. Reducing cardiac Pkm2 expression may provide a useful strategy for cardiac repair after MI in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Hauck
- Toronto General Research Institute, 100 College St., M5G 1L7, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Keith Dadson
- Toronto General Research Institute, 100 College St., M5G 1L7, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shelly Chauhan
- Toronto General Research Institute, 100 College St., M5G 1L7, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniela Grothe
- Toronto General Research Institute, 100 College St., M5G 1L7, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Filio Billia
- Toronto General Research Institute, 100 College St., M5G 1L7, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Division of Cardiology, University Health Network (UHN), 200 Elizabeth St., Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.
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Baker Frost D, Savchenko A, Ogunleye A, Armstrong M, Feghali-Bostwick C. Elucidating the cellular mechanism for E2-induced dermal fibrosis. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:68. [PMID: 33640015 PMCID: PMC7913437 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02441-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both TGFβ and estradiol (E2), a form of estrogen, are pro-fibrotic in the skin. In the connective tissue disease, systemic sclerosis (SSc), both TGFβ and E2 are likely pathogenic. Yet the regulation of TGFβ in E2-induced dermal fibrosis remains ill-defined. Elucidating those regulatory mechanisms will improve the understanding of fibrotic disease pathogenesis and set the stage for developing potential therapeutics. Using E2-stimulated primary human dermal fibroblasts in vitro and human skin tissue ex vivo, we identified the important regulatory proteins for TGFβ and investigated the extracellular matrix (ECM) components that are directly stimulated by E2-induced TGFβ signaling. METHODS We used primary human dermal fibroblasts in vitro and human skin tissue ex vivo stimulated with E2 or vehicle (ethanol) to measure TGFβ1 and TGFβ2 levels using quantitative PCR (qPCR). To identify the necessary cell signaling proteins in E2-induced TGFβ1 and TGFβ2 transcription, human dermal fibroblasts were pre-treated with an inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK) pathway, U0126. Finally, human skin tissue ex vivo was pre-treated with SB-431542, a TGFβ receptor inhibitor, and ICI 182,780, an estrogen receptor α (ERα) inhibitor, to establish the effects of TGFβ and ERα signaling on E2-induced collagen 22A1 (Col22A1) transcription. RESULTS We found that expression of TGFβ1, TGFβ2, and Col22A1, a TGFβ-responsive gene, is induced in response to E2 stimulation. Mechanistically, Col22A1 induction was blocked by SB-431542 and ICI 182,780 despite E2 stimulation. Additionally, inhibiting E2-induced ERK/MAPK activation and early growth response 1 (EGR1) transcription prevents the E2-induced increase in TGFβ1 and TGFβ2 transcription and translation. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that E2-induced dermal fibrosis occurs in part through induction of TGFβ1, 2, and Col22A1, which is regulated through EGR1 and the MAPK pathway. Thus, blocking estrogen signaling and/or production may be a novel therapeutic option in pro-fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- DeAnna Baker Frost
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA.
| | - Alisa Savchenko
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
| | - Adeyemi Ogunleye
- Division of Plastic Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Milton Armstrong
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
| | - Carol Feghali-Bostwick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
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Thieman Mankin KM, Cohen ND. Randomized, controlled clinical trial to assess the effect of antimicrobial-impregnated suture on the incidence of surgical site infections in dogs and cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2021; 257:62-69. [PMID: 32538702 DOI: 10.2460/javma.257.1.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prophylactic efficacy of triclosan-coated (TC) suture in preventing surgical site infections (SSIs) in dogs and cats undergoing surgical procedures. ANIMALS 862 animals (794 dogs and 68 cats). PROCEDURES Incidences of SSI of surgical wounds closed with TC suture and surgical wounds closed with non-TC suture occurring between the time of surgery and 1 month postoperatively were compared. Animals were randomly assigned to TC or non-TC suture groups. When TC suture was assigned, all suture available as TC material was used rather than non-TC suture. Presence of an SSI was determined by an owner questionnaire or direct examination. RESULTS Overall, 50 of 862 (5.8%) animals developed SSIs. Incidence of SSI was 6% (24/428) in the non-TC suture group and 6% (26/434) in the TC suture group. No significant difference was found in the incidence of SSI between groups. No significant difference was detected in the incidence of incisional problems (eg, redness, dehiscence, and seroma formation) between animals in which TC suture was used and those in which non-TC suture was used. On multivariable analysis, other factors were associated with increased SSI rates, including an incision length > 10 cm, surgery performed by the soft tissue surgery department, and anesthesia duration of > 240 minutes. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE No significant difference in incidence of SSI was detected between animals undergoing surgical procedures performed with non-TC versus TC suture.
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El Mohtadi M, Whitehead K, Dempsey-Hibbert N, Belboul A, Ashworth J. Estrogen deficiency - a central paradigm in age-related impaired healing? EXCLI JOURNAL 2021; 20:99-116. [PMID: 33510594 PMCID: PMC7838826 DOI: 10.17179/excli2020-3210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a dynamic biological process achieved through four sequential, overlapping phases; hemostasis, inflammation, tissue proliferation and remodeling. For effective wound healing, all four phases must occur in the appropriate order and time frame. It is well accepted that the wound healing process becomes disrupted in the elderly, increasing the propensity of non-healing wound states that can lead to substantial patient morbidity and an enormous financial burden on healthcare systems. Estrogen deprivation in the elderly has been identified as the key driver of age-related delayed wound healing in both genders, with topical and systemic estrogen replacement reversing the detrimental effects of aging on wound repair. Evidence suggests estrogen deprivation may contribute to the development of chronic wound healing states in the elderly but research in this area is somewhat limited, warranting further investigations. Moreover, although the beneficial effects of estrogen on cutaneous healing have been widely explored, the development of estrogen-based treatments to enhance wound repair in the elderly have yet to be widely exploited. This review explores the critical role of estrogen in reversing age-related impaired healing and evaluates the prospect of developing more focused novel therapeutic strategies that enhance wound repair in the elderly via activation of specific estrogen signaling pathways in regenerating tissues, whilst leaving non-target tissues largely unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Mohtadi
- Department of Biology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire, L39 4QP, UK
| | - Kathryn Whitehead
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Nina Dempsey-Hibbert
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Amina Belboul
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Jason Ashworth
- Centre for Bioscience, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
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Ozawa S, Mukudai S, Sugiyama Y, Branski RC, Hirano S. Mechanisms Underlying the Antifibrotic Potential of Estradiol for Vocal Fold Fibrosis. Laryngoscope 2020; 131:2285-2291. [PMID: 33378560 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Vocal fold fibrosis remains a significant clinical challenge. Estrogens, steroid hormones predominantly responsible for secondary sexual characteristics in women, have been shown to alter wound healing and limit fibrosis, but the effects on vocal fold fibrosis are unknown. We sought to elucidate the expression of estrogen receptors and the effects of estrogens on TGF-β1 signaling in rat vocal fold fibroblasts (VFFs). STUDY DESIGN In vitro. METHODS VFFs were isolated from 10-week-old, male Sprague-Dawley rats, and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) were examined via immunostaining and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). VFFs were treated with estradiol (E2, 10-7 , 10-8 or 10-9 M) ± transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1, 10 ng/mL). ICI 182,780 (ICI, 10-7 M) or G36 (10-7 M) were employed as antagonists of ERα or GPR30, respectively. qPCR was employed to determine estrogen receptor-mediated effects of E2 on genes related to fibrosis. RESULTS ERα and GPR30 were expressed in VFFs at both the protein and the mRNA levels. E2 (10-7 M) did not alter Smad3, Smad7, Acta2 mRNA, or extracellular matrix related genes. However, the combination of E2 (10-8 M) and TGF-β1 significantly increased Smad7 (P = .03) and decreased Col1a1 (P = .04) compared to TGF-β1 alone; this response was negated by the combination of ICI and G36 (P = .009). CONCLUSIONS E2 regulated TGF-β1/Smad signaling via estrogen receptors in VFFs. These findings provide insight into potential mechanisms of estrogens on vocal fold injury with the goal of enhanced therapeutics for vocal fold fibrosis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 131:2285-2291, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Ozawa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Mukudai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Sugiyama
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryan C Branski
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, U.S.A.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, U.S.A
| | - Shigeru Hirano
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Jeon YK, Shin MJ, Saini SK, Custodero C, Aggarwal M, Anton SD, Leeuwenburgh C, Mankowski RT. Vascular dysfunction as a potential culprit of sarcopenia. Exp Gerontol 2020; 145:111220. [PMID: 33373710 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aging-related changes to biological structures such as cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems contribute to the development of comorbid conditions including cardiovascular disease and frailty, and ultimately lead to premature death. Although, frail older adults often demonstrate both cardiovascular and musculoskeletal comorbidities, the etiology of sarcopenia, and especially the contribution of cardiovascular aging is unclear. Aging-related vascular calcification is prevalent in older adults and is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death. The effect vascular calcification has on function during aging is not well understood. Emerging findings suggest vascular calcification can impact skeletal muscle perfusion, negatively affecting nutrient and oxygen delivery to skeletal muscle, ultimately accelerating muscle loss and functional decline. The present review summarizes existing evidence on the biological mechanisms linking vascular calcification with sarcopenia during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Kyung Jeon
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Jun Shin
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunil Kumar Saini
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Carlo Custodero
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Dipartimento Interdisciplinare di Medicina, Clinica Medica Cesare Frugoni, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Aggarwal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - Stephen D Anton
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Robert T Mankowski
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Back PI, Balestrin LA, Fachel FNS, Nemitz MC, Falkembach M, Soares G, Marques MDS, Silveira T, Dal Prá M, Horn AP, Braganhol E, von Poser GL, Dora CL, Teixeira HF. Hydrogels containing soybean isoflavone aglycones-rich fraction-loaded nanoemulsions for wound healing treatment - in vitro and in vivo studies. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 196:111301. [PMID: 32871442 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Soybean isoflavone aglycones have been investigated as potential wound healing compounds for topical application. The aim of this study was to evaluate the wound healing properties of a soybean isoflavone aglycones-rich fraction (IAF) when incorporated into lipid nanoemulsions dispersed in acrylic-acid hydrogels. Formulations exhibited a mean droplet size in the sub 200 nm range, negative ζ-potential (-60 mV), and displayed non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behavior. The addition of a gelling agent decreased the IAF release from formulations and improved the retention of these compounds in intact porcine ear skin when compared with a control propylene glycol solution. No IAF were detected in receptor fluid of Franz-type diffusion cells. However, increasing amounts of IAF were noticed in both skin layers and the receptor fluid when the tissue was partially injured (tape stripping), or when the epidermis was completely removed. In vitro studies showed that IAF elicits an increased proliferation and migration of keratinocytes (HaCaT cell line). Subsequently, the healing effect of the formulations was evaluated in a model of dorsal wounds in rats, by assessing the size of the lesions, histology, inflammatory markers, and antioxidant activity. Overall findings demonstrated the potential of IAF-loaded formulations to promote wound healing by increasing angiogenesis by ∼200 %, reducing the lipid oxidation (TBARS) by ∼52 % and the inflammation (TNFα) by ∼35 %, while increasing re-epithelialization by ∼500 %, visualized by the epithelium thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Inês Back
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucélia Albarello Balestrin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mariana Falkembach
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Nanotecnologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Nanotecnologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Magno da Silva Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Histologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Tony Silveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Nanotecnologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Morgana Dal Prá
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Horn
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Laboratório de Histologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gilsane Lino von Poser
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Lima Dora
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Nanotecnologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Helder Ferreira Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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von Loga IS, Batchelor V, Driscoll C, Burleigh A, Chia SLL, Stott B, Miotla-Zarebska J, Riley D, Dell'Accio F, Vincent TL. Does Pain at an Earlier Stage of Chondropathy Protect Female Mice Against Structural Progression After Surgically Induced Osteoarthritis? Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:2083-2093. [PMID: 32602242 DOI: 10.1002/art.41421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Female C57BL/6 mice exhibit less severe chondropathy than male mice. This study was undertaken to test the robustness of this observation and explore underlying mechanisms. METHODS Osteoarthritis was induced in male and female C57BL/6 or DBA/1 mice (n = 6-15 per group) by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) or partial meniscectomy (PMX). Some mice were ovariectomized (OVX) (n = 30). In vivo repair after focal cartilage defect or joint immobilization (sciatic neurectomy) following DMM was assessed. Histologic analysis, evaluation of gene expression in whole knees, and behavioral analysis using Laboratory Animal Behavior Observation Registration and Analysis System (LABORAS) and Linton incapacitance testing (n = 7-10 mice per group) were performed. RESULTS Female mice displayed less severe chondropathy (20-75% reduction) across both strains and after both surgeries. Activity levels after PMX were similar for male and female mice. Some repair-associated genes were increased in female mouse joints after surgery, but no repair differences were evident in vivo. Despite reduced chondropathy, female mice developed pain-like behavior at the same time as male mice. At the time of established pain-like behavior (10 weeks after PMX), pain-associated genes were significantly up-regulated in female mice, including Gdnf (mean ± SEM fold change 2.54 ± 0.30), Nrtn (6.71 ± 1.24), Ntf3 (1.92 ± 0.27), and Ntf5 (2.89 ± 0.48) (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.05, and P < 0.001, respectively, versus male mice). Inflammatory genes were not regulated in painful joints in mice of either sex. CONCLUSION We confirm strong structural joint protection in female mice that is not due to activity or intrinsic repair differences. Female mice develop pain at the same time as males, but induce a distinct set of neurotrophins. We speculate that heightened pain sensitivity in female mice protects the joint by preventing overuse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vicky Batchelor
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Clare Driscoll
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Annika Burleigh
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Shi-Lu L Chia
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bryony Stott
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - David Riley
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Tonia L Vincent
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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The Cutaneous Wound Innate Immunological Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228748. [PMID: 33228152 PMCID: PMC7699544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin represents the first line of defense and innate immune protection against pathogens. Skin normally provides a physical barrier to prevent infection by pathogens; however, wounds, microinjuries, and minor barrier impediments can present open avenues for invasion through the skin. Accordingly, wound repair and protection from invading pathogens are essential processes in successful skin barrier regeneration. To repair and protect wounds, skin promotes the development of a specific and complex immunological microenvironment within and surrounding the disrupted tissue. This immune microenvironment includes both innate and adaptive processes, including immune cell recruitment to the wound and secretion of extracellular factors that can act directly to promote wound closure and wound antimicrobial defense. Recent work has shown that this immune microenvironment also varies according to the specific context of the wound: the microbiome, neuroimmune signaling, environmental effects, and age play roles in altering the innate immune response to wounding. This review will focus on the role of these factors in shaping the cutaneous microenvironment and how this ultimately impacts the immune response to wounding.
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Sex differences in health and disease: A review of biological sex differences relevant to cancer with a spotlight on glioma. Cancer Lett 2020; 498:178-187. [PMID: 33130315 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The influence of biological sex differences on human health and disease, while being increasingly recognized, has long been underappreciated and underexplored. While humans of all sexes are more alike than different, there is evidence for sex differences in the most basic aspects of human biology and these differences have consequences for the etiology and pathophysiology of many diseases. In a disease like cancer, these consequences manifest in the sex biases in incidence and outcome of many cancer types. The ability to deliver precise, targeted therapies to complex cancer cases is limited by our current understanding of the underlying sex differences. Gaining a better understanding of the implications and interplay of sex differences in diseases like cancer will thus be informative for clinical practice and biological research. Here we review the evidence for a broad array of biological sex differences in humans and discuss how these differences may relate to observed sex differences in various diseases, including many cancers and specifically glioblastoma. We focus on areas of human biology that play vital roles in healthy and disease states, including metabolism, development, hormones, and the immune system, and emphasize that the intersection of sex differences in these areas should not go overlooked. We further propose that mathematical approaches can be useful for exploring the extent to which sex differences affect disease outcomes and accounting for those in the development of therapeutic strategies.
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