1
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Wang F, Zhou C, Zhu Y, Keshavarzi M. The microRNA Let-7 and its exosomal form: Epigenetic regulators of gynecological cancers. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:42. [PMID: 38836981 PMCID: PMC11153289 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Many types of gynecological cancer (GC) are often silent until they reach an advanced stage, and are therefore often diagnosed too late for effective treatment. Hence, there is a real need for more efficient diagnosis and treatment for patients with GC. During recent years, researchers have increasingly studied the impact of microRNAs cancer development, leading to a number of applications in detection and treatment. MicroRNAs are a particular group of tiny RNA molecules that regulate regular gene expression by affecting the translation process. The downregulation of numerous miRNAs has been observed in human malignancies. Let-7 is an example of a miRNA that controls cellular processes as well as signaling cascades to affect post-transcriptional gene expression. Recent research supports the hypothesis that enhancing let-7 expression in those cancers where it is downregulated may be a potential treatment option. Exosomes are tiny vesicles that move through body fluids and can include components like miRNAs (including let-7) that are important for communication between cells. Studies proved that exosomes are able to enhance tumor growth, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, metastasis, and immune evasion, thus suggesting their importance in GC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chundi Zhou
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Maryam Keshavarzi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Cui Y, Qi Y, Ding L, Ding S, Han Z, Wang Y, Du P. miRNA dosage control in development and human disease. Trends Cell Biol 2024; 34:31-47. [PMID: 37419737 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, miRNAs recognize target mRNAs via base pairing, which leads to a complex 'multiple-to-multiple' regulatory network. Previous studies have focused on the regulatory mechanisms and functions of individual miRNAs, but alterations of many individual miRNAs do not strongly disturb the miRNA regulatory network. Recent studies revealed the important roles of global miRNA dosage control events in physiological processes and pathogenesis, suggesting that miRNAs can be considered as a 'cellular buffer' that controls cell fate. Here, we review the current state of research on how global miRNA dosage is tightly controlled to regulate development, tumorigenesis, neurophysiology, and immunity. We propose that methods of controlling global miRNA dosage may serve as effective therapeutic tools to cure human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzi Cui
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ye Qi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Li Ding
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shuangjin Ding
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zonglin Han
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yangming Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Peng Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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3
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Wu Y, Zhang X, Liu C, Li Z, Wen Y, Zheng R, Xu C, Tian J, Wei L, Wang J, Yan Q, Zheng X, Ma J. Epstein-Barr virus microRNA miR-BART2-5p accelerates nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis by suppressing RNase Ⅲ endonuclease DICER1. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105082. [PMID: 37495108 PMCID: PMC10470218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. NPC is usually asymptomatic until it spreads to other sites, and more than 70% of cases are classified as locally advanced disease at diagnosis. EBV-positive nasopharyngeal cancer tissues express only limited viral latent proteins, but express high levels of the EBV-encoded BamHI-A rightward transcript (BART) miRNA molecules. Here, we report that EBV-miRNA-BART2-5p (BART2-5p) promotes NPC cell invasion and metastasis in vivo and in vitro but has no effect on NPC cell proliferation and apoptosis. In addition, BART2-5p altered the mRNA and miRNA expression profiles of NPC cells. The development of human tumors has been reported to be associated with altered miRNAs expression, and overall miRNAs expression is reduced in many types of tumors. We found that BART2-5p downregulated the expression of several miRNAs that could exert oncogenic functions. Mechanistically, BART2-5p directly targets the RNase III endonuclease DICER1, inhibiting its function of cleaving double-stranded stem-loop RNA into short double-stranded RNA, which in turn causes altered expression of a series of key epithelial-mesenchymal transition molecules, and reverting DICER1 expression can rescue this phenotype. Furthermore, analysis from clinical samples showed a negative correlation between BART2-5p and DICER1 expression. According to our study, high expression of BART2-5p in tissues and plasma of patients with NPC is associated with poor prognosis. Our results suggest that, BART2-5p can accelerate NPC metastasis through modulating miRNA profiles which are mediated by DICER1, implying a novel role of EBV miRNAs in the pathogenesis of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangge Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, China
| | - Can Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengshuo Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, China
| | - Yuqing Wen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, China
| | - Run Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, China
| | - Chenxiao Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, China
| | - Junrui Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, China
| | - Lingyu Wei
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Qun Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
| | - Jian Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, China.
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4
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Lam SSN, Shi Z, Ip CKM, Wong CKC, Wong AST. Environmental-relevant bisphenol A exposure promotes ovarian cancer stemness by regulating microRNA biogenesis. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:2792-2803. [PMID: 37610061 PMCID: PMC10494296 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous environmental xenobiotic impacting millions of people worldwide. BPA has long been proposed to promote ovarian carcinogenesis, but the detrimental mechanistic target remains unclear. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered as the trigger of tumour initiation and progression. Here, we show for the first time that nanomolar (environmentally relevant) concentration of BPA can markedly increase the formation and expansion of ovarian CSCs concomitant. This effect is observed in both oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive and ER-defective ovarian cancer cells, suggesting that is independent of the classical ERs. Rather, the signal is mediated through alternative ER G-protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), but not oestrogen-related receptor α and γ. Moreover, we report a novel role of BPA in the regulation of Exportin-5 that led to dysregulation of microRNA biogenesis through miR-21. The use of GPR30 siRNA or antagonist to inhibit GPR30 expression or activity, respectively, resulted in significant inhibition of ovarian CSCs. Similarly, the CSCs phenotype can be reversed by expression of Exportin-5 siRNA. These results identify for the first time non-classical ER and microRNA dysregulation as novel mediators of low, physiological levels of BPA function in CSCs that may underlie its significant tumour-promoting properties in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia S. N. Lam
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology LimitedHong Kong Science and Technology ParksHong KongChina
| | - Zeyu Shi
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology LimitedHong Kong Science and Technology ParksHong KongChina
| | - Carman K. M. Ip
- Cellular Screening CenterUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Alice S. T. Wong
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina
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5
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Tariq L, Arafah A, Sehar N, Ali A, Khan A, Rasool I, Rashid SM, Ahmad SB, Beigh S, Dar TUH, Rehman MU. Novel insights on perils and promises of miRNA in understanding colon cancer metastasis and progression. Med Oncol 2023; 40:282. [PMID: 37639075 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third highest frequent malignancy and ultimate critical source of cancer-associated mortality around the world. Regardless of latest advances in molecular and surgical targeted medicines that have increased remedial effects in CRC patients, the 5-year mortality rate for CRC patients remains dismally low. Evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) execute an essential part in the development and spread of CRC. The miRNAs are a type of short non-coding RNA that exhibited to control the appearance of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. miRNA expression profiling is already being utilized in clinical practice as analytical and prognostic biomarkers to evaluate cancer patients' tumor genesis, advancement, and counteraction to drugs. By modulating their target genes, dysregulated miRNAs are linked to malignant characteristics (e.g., improved proliferative and invasive capabilities, cell cycle aberration, evasion of apoptosis, and promotion of angiogenesis). This review presents an updated summary of circulatory miRNAs, tumor-suppressive and oncogenic miRNAs, and the potential reasons for dysregulated miRNAs in CRC. Further we will explore the critical role of miRNAs in CRC drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, 183254, India
| | - Azher Arafah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouroz Sehar
- Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Aarif Ali
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alusteng, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Andleeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iyman Rasool
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College (GMC-Srinagar), Karanagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Shahzada Mudasir Rashid
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alusteng, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Sheikh Bilal Ahmad
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alusteng, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Saba Beigh
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Al Baha University, 65431, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanveer Ul Hassan Dar
- Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, 183254, India
| | - Muneeb U Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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6
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Gupta J, Suliman M, Ali R, Margiana R, Hjazi A, Alsaab HO, Qasim MT, Hussien BM, Ahmed M. Double-edged sword role of miRNA-633 and miRNA-181 in human cancers. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154701. [PMID: 37542859 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the function and mode of operation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer is of growing interest. The short non-coding RNAs known as miRNAs, which target mRNA in multicellular organisms, are described as controlling essential cellular processes. The miR-181 family and miR-633 are well-known miRNAs that play a key role in the development and metastasis of tumor cells. They may facilitate either tumor-suppressive or oncogenic function in malignant cells, according to mounting evidence. Metastatic cells that are closely linked to cancer cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis can be identified by abnormal levels of miR-181 and miR-633. Numerous studies have demonstrated their capacity to control drug resistance, cell growth, apoptosis, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis process. Interestingly, the levels of miR-181 and miR-633 and their potential target genes in the basic cellular process can vary depending on the type of cancer cells and their gene expression profile. Such miRNAs' interactions with other non-coding RNAs such as long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs can influence tumor behaviors. Herein, we concentrated on the multifaceted roles of miR-181 and miR-633 and potential targets in human tumorigenesis, ranging from cell growth and metastasis to drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, U. P., India.
| | - Muath Suliman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rida Ali
- Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Ria Margiana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Master's Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Andrology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maytham T Qasim
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health and Medical Technololgy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Beneen M Hussien
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Muhja Ahmed
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
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7
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Kommoss FKF, Chong AS, Chong AL, Pfaff E, Jones DTW, Hiemcke-Jiwa LS, Kester LA, Flucke U, Gessler M, Schrimpf D, Sahm F, Clarke BA, Stewart CJR, Wang Y, Gilks CB, Kommoss F, Huntsman DG, Schüller U, Koelsche C, Glenn McCluggage W, von Deimling A, Foulkes WD. Genomic characterization of DICER1-associated neoplasms uncovers molecular classes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1677. [PMID: 36966138 PMCID: PMC10039902 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37092-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
DICER1 syndrome is a tumor predisposition syndrome that is associated with up to 30 different neoplastic lesions, usually affecting children and adolescents. Here we identify a group of mesenchymal tumors which is highly associated with DICER1 syndrome, and molecularly distinct from other DICER1-associated tumors. This group of DICER1-associated mesenchymal tumors encompasses multiple well-established clinicopathological tumor entities and can be further divided into three clinically meaningful classes designated "low-grade mesenchymal tumor with DICER1 alteration" (LGMT DICER1), "sarcoma with DICER1 alteration" (SARC DICER1), and primary intracranial sarcoma with DICER1 alteration (PIS DICER1). Our study not only provides a combined approach to classify DICER1-associated neoplasms for improved clinical management but also suggests a role for global hypomethylation and other recurrent molecular events in sarcomatous differentiation in mesenchymal tumors with DICER1 alteration. Our results will facilitate future investigations into prognostication and therapeutic approaches for affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix K F Kommoss
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne-Sophie Chong
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Avinguda de la Granvia de L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anne-Laure Chong
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elke Pfaff
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David T W Jones
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura S Hiemcke-Jiwa
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lennart A Kester
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Uta Flucke
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Gessler
- Theodor-Boveri-Institute/Biocenter, Developmental Biochemistry, Würzburg University & Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Schrimpf
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Blaise A Clarke
- Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Colin J R Stewart
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, WA, Australia
- School for Women's and Infants' Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yemin Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C Blake Gilks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Friedrich Kommoss
- Institute of Pathology, Medizin Campus Bodensee, Friedrichshafen, Germany
| | - David G Huntsman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Research Institute Children's Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Koelsche
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - W Glenn McCluggage
- Department of Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - William D Foulkes
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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8
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Kaya IH, Al-Harazi O, Colak D. Transcriptomic data analysis coupled with copy number aberrations reveals a blood-based 17-gene signature for diagnosis and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. Front Genet 2023; 13:1031086. [PMID: 36685857 PMCID: PMC9854115 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1031086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and third leading cause of cancer-associated deaths worldwide. Diagnosing CRC patients reliably at an early and curable stage is of utmost importance to reduce the risk of mortality. Methods: We identified global differentially expressed genes with copy number alterations in patients with CRC. We then identified genes that are also expressed in blood, which resulted in a blood-based gene signature. We validated the gene signature's diagnostic and prognostic potential using independent datasets of gene expression profiling from over 800 CRC patients with detailed clinical data. Functional enrichment, gene interaction networks and pathway analyses were also performed. Results: The analysis revealed a 17-gene signature that is expressed in blood and demonstrated that it has diagnostic potential. The 17-gene SVM classifier displayed 99 percent accuracy in predicting the patients with CRC. Moreover, we developed a prognostic model and defined a risk-score using 17-gene and validated that high risk score is strongly associated with poor disease outcome. The 17-gene signature predicted disease outcome independent of other clinical factors in the multivariate analysis (HR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.3-5.3, p = 0.005). In addition, our gene network and pathway analyses revealed alterations in oxidative stress, STAT3, ERK/MAPK, interleukin and cytokine signaling pathways as well as potentially important hub genes, including BCL2, MS4A1, SLC7A11, AURKA, IL6R, TP53, NUPR1, DICER1, DUSP5, SMAD3, and CCND1. Conclusion: Our results revealed alterations in various genes and cancer-related pathways that may be essential for CRC transformation. Moreover, our study highlights diagnostic and prognostic value of our gene signature as well as its potential use as a blood biomarker as a non-invasive diagnostic method. Integrated analysis transcriptomic data coupled with copy number aberrations may provide a reliable method to identify key biological programs associated with CRC and lead to improved diagnosis and therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H. Kaya
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Olfat Al-Harazi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dilek Colak
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Dilek Colak,
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9
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Muthamilselvan S, Ramasami Sundhar Baabu P, Palaniappan A. Microfluidics for Profiling miRNA Biomarker Panels in AI-Assisted Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231185284. [PMID: 37365928 PMCID: PMC10331788 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231185284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection of cancers and their precise subtyping are essential to patient stratification and effective cancer management. Data-driven identification of expression biomarkers coupled with microfluidics-based detection shows promise to revolutionize cancer diagnosis and prognosis. MicroRNAs play key roles in cancers and afford detection in tissue and liquid biopsies. In this review, we focus on the microfluidics-based detection of miRNA biomarkers in AI-based models for early-stage cancer subtyping and prognosis. We describe various subclasses of miRNA biomarkers that could be useful in machine-based predictive modeling of cancer staging and progression. Strategies for optimizing the feature space of miRNA biomarkers are necessary to obtain a robust signature panel. This is followed by a discussion of the issues in model construction and validation towards producing Software-as-Medical-Devices (SaMDs). Microfluidic devices could facilitate the multiplexed detection of miRNA biomarker panels, and an overview of the different strategies for designing such microfluidic systems is presented here, with an outline of the detection principles used and the corresponding performance measures. Microfluidics-based profiling of miRNAs coupled with SaMD represent high-performance point-of-care solutions that would aid clinical decision-making and pave the way for accessible precision personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha Muthamilselvan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ashok Palaniappan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
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10
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Park JM, Peng JM, Shen YS, Lin CY, Hsu TW, Su YH, Chen HA, Saengboonmee C, Chang JS, Chiu CF, Shan YS. Phosphomimetic Dicer S1016E triggers a switch to glutamine metabolism in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer. Mol Metab 2022; 65:101576. [PMID: 35995401 PMCID: PMC9460536 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Dicer is an enzyme that processes microRNAs (miRNAs) precursors into mature miRNAs, which have been implicated in various aspects of cancer progressions, such as clinical aggressiveness, prognosis, and survival outcomes. We previously showed that high expression of Dicer is associated with gemcitabine (GEM) resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); thus, in this study, we aimed to focus on how Dicer is involved in GEM resistance in PDAC, including cancer prognosis, cell proliferation, and metabolic regulation. Methods We generated stable shRNA knockdown of Dicer in GEM-resistant PANC-1 (PANC-1 GR) cells and explored cell viability by MTT and clonogenicity assays. Metabolomic profiling was employed to investigate metabolic changes between parental cells, PANC-1, and PANC-1 GR cells, and further implied to compare their sensitivity to the glutaminase inhibitor, CB839, and GEM treatments. To identify putative phosphorylation site involves with Dicer and its effects on GEM resistance in PDAC cells, we further generated phosphomimetic or phosphomutant Dicer at S1016 site and examined the changes in drug sensitivity, metabolic alteration, and miRNA regulation. Results We observed that high Dicer levels in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells were positively correlated with advanced pancreatic cancer and acquired resistance to GEM. Metabolomic analysis indicated that PANC-1 GR cells rapidly utilised glutamine as their major fuel and increased levels of glutaminase (GLS): glutamine synthetase (GLUL) ratio which is related to high Dicer expression. In addition, we found that phosphomimetic Dicer S1016E but not phosphomutant Dicer S1016A facilitated miRNA maturation, causing an imbalance in GLS and GLUL and resulting in an increased response to GLS inhibitors. Conclusion Our results suggest that phosphorylation of Dicer on site S1016 affects miRNA biogenesis and glutamine metabolism in GEM-resistant pancreatic cancer. Dicer expression is positively correlated with advanced pancreatic cancer. Dicer expression is significantly correlated with high level of GLS and GLS/GLUL ratio. Phosphomimetic Dicer S1016E enhances glutamine consumption and GLS inhibitor sensitivity. Phosphomimetic Dicer S1016E facilitates miRNAs maturation to increase GLS/GLUL ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Park
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Taipei Medical University and Affiliated Hospitals Pancreatic Cancer Groups, Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Taipei Medical University Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jei-Ming Peng
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shiuan Shen
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Medical University Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Lin
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Medical University Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hao Su
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Medical University and Affiliated Hospitals Pancreatic Cancer Groups, Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Taipei Medical University Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Taipei Medical University and Affiliated Hospitals Pancreatic Cancer Groups, Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Taipei Medical University Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Charupong Saengboonmee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jung-Su Chang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Medical University and Affiliated Hospitals Pancreatic Cancer Groups, Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Taipei Medical University Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yan-Shen Shan
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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11
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Dicer-mediated miR-200b expression contributes to cell migratory/invasive abilities and cancer stem cells properties of breast cancer cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:6520-6536. [PMID: 35951366 PMCID: PMC9467414 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Distant metastasis is the leading cause of death in patients with breast cancer. Despite considerable treatment advances, the clinical outcomes of patients with metastatic breast cancer remain poor. CSCs can self-renew, enhancing cancer progression and metastasis. Dicer, a microRNA (miRNA) processing–related enzyme, is required for miRNA maturation. Imbalanced Dicer expression may be pivotal in cancer progression. However, whether and how Dicer affects the stemness of metastatic breast cancer cells remains unclear. Here, we hypothesized that Dicer regulates the migration, invasion, and stemness of breast cancer cells. We established highly invasive cell lines (MCF-7/I-3 and MDA-MB-231/I-3) and observed that Dicer expression was conspicuously lower in the highly invasive cells than in the parental cells. The silencing of Dicer significantly enhanced the cell migratory/invasive abilities and CSCs properties of the breast cancer cells. Conversely, the overexpression of Dicer in the highly invasive cells reduced their migration, invasion, and CSCs properties. Our bioinformatics analyses demonstrated that low Dicer levels were correlated with increased breast cancer risk. Suppression of Dicer inhibited miR-200b expression, whereas miR-200b suppression recovered Dicer knockdown–induced migration, invasion, and cancer stem cells (CSCs) properties of the breast cancer cells. Thus, our findings reveal that Dicer is a crucial regulator of the migration, invasion, and CSCs properties of breast cancer cells and is significantly associated with poor survival in patients with breast cancer.
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12
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Rajasekaran S, Khan E, Ching SR, Khan M, Siddiqui J, Gradia DF, Lin C, Bouley SJ, Mercadante D, Manning AL, Gerber AP, Walker J, Miles W. PUMILIO competes with AUF1 to control DICER1 RNA levels and miRNA processing. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:7048-7066. [PMID: 35736218 PMCID: PMC9262620 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DICER1 syndrome is a cancer pre-disposition disorder caused by mutations that disrupt the function of DICER1 in miRNA processing. Studying the molecular, cellular and oncogenic effects of these mutations can reveal novel mechanisms that control cell homeostasis and tumor biology. Here, we conduct the first analysis of pathogenic DICER1 syndrome allele from the DICER1 3'UTR. We find that the DICER1 syndrome allele, rs1252940486, abolishes interaction with the PUMILIO RNA binding protein with the DICER1 3'UTR, resulting in the degradation of the DICER1 mRNA by AUF1. This single mutational event leads to diminished DICER1 mRNA and protein levels, and widespread reprogramming of miRNA networks. The in-depth characterization of the rs1252940486 DICER1 allele, reveals important post-transcriptional regulatory events that control DICER1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetha Rajasekaran
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Eshan Khan
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Samuel R Ching
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Misbah Khan
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jalal K Siddiqui
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Daniela F Gradia
- Department of Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Chenyu Lin
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Stephanie J Bouley
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Dayna L Mercadante
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA
| | - Amity L Manning
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA
| | - André P Gerber
- Department of Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK
| | - James A Walker
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Wayne O Miles
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 614 366 2869;
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Jo H, Shim K, Jeoung D. Potential of the miR-200 Family as a Target for Developing Anti-Cancer Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115881. [PMID: 35682560 PMCID: PMC9180509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (18–24 nucleotides) that play significant roles in cell proliferation, development, invasion, cancer development, cancer progression, and anti-cancer drug resistance. miRNAs target multiple genes and play diverse roles. miRNAs can bind to the 3′UTR of target genes and inhibit translation or promote the degradation of target genes. miR-200 family miRNAs mostly act as tumor suppressors and are commonly decreased in cancer. The miR-200 family has been reported as a valuable diagnostic and prognostic marker. This review discusses the clinical value of the miR-200 family, focusing on the role of the miR-200 family in the development of cancer and anti-cancer drug resistance. This review also provides an overview of the factors that regulate the expression of the miR-200 family, targets of miR-200 family miRNAs, and the mechanism of anti-cancer drug resistance regulated by the miR-200 family.
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Chao HM, Wang TW, Chern E, Hsu SH. Regulatory RNAs, microRNA, long-non coding RNA and circular RNA roles in colorectal cancer stem cells. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:748-764. [PMID: 35582099 PMCID: PMC9048531 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i4.748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The properties of cancer stem cells (CSCs), such as self-renewal, drug resistance, and metastasis, have been indicated to be responsible for the poor prognosis of patients with colon cancers. The epigenetic regulatory network plays a crucial role in CSC properties. Regulatory non-coding RNA (ncRNA), including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, have an important influence on cell physiopathology. They modulate cells by regulating gene expression in different ways. This review discusses the basic characteristics and the physiological functions of colorectal cancer (CRC) stem cells. Elucidation of these ncRNAs will help us understand the pathological mechanism of CRC progression, and they could become a new target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Mei Chao
- Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Teh-Wei Wang
- niChe Lab for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Edward Chern
- niChe Lab for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shan-hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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15
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MiR-186 Suppressed Growth, Migration, and Invasion of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells via Targeting Dicer1. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:6217469. [PMID: 34804161 PMCID: PMC8601821 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6217469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective Globally, the fatal form of lung cancer is non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and its most common subtype is lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In cancer development and progression, miRNAs play key roles primarily in interacting with cancer-related genes. The main focus of this research was to examine the biological roles of miR-186 in LUAD. Methods We examined tissues of LUAD and lung cancer cell lines. The expressions of miR-186, Dicer1, Ki-67, and PCNA were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC), real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR), and western blot assays. The CCK-8 and transwell assays were used to determine cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. To determine the association between miR-186 and Dicer1, a luciferase assay was used. Results MiR-186 expression was found to be lower in LUAD tissues, and this was correlated to TNM stage and lymph node metastasis in LUAD patients. miR-186 upregulation significantly reduced the proliferation rate and the level of Ki67 and PCNA of LUAD cell lines HCC827 and A549. Transwell assay exhibited that miR-186 upregulation considerably reduced HCC827 and A549 cells' migration and invasion abilities. Furthermore, we also confirmed that Dicer1 was a direct target of miR-186. Importantly, Dicer1 overexpression abolished the suppression of miR-186 mimics on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC827 and A549 cells. Conclusion These results indicated that the miR-186/Dicer1 pathway is critical for regulating LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
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16
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Cinat D, Coppes RP, Barazzuol L. DNA Damage-Induced Inflammatory Microenvironment and Adult Stem Cell Response. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:729136. [PMID: 34692684 PMCID: PMC8531638 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.729136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells ensure tissue homeostasis and regeneration after injury. Due to their longevity and functional requirements, throughout their life stem cells are subject to a significant amount of DNA damage. Genotoxic stress has recently been shown to trigger a cascade of cell- and non-cell autonomous inflammatory signaling pathways, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory factors and an increase in the amount of infiltrating immune cells. In this review, we discuss recent evidence of how DNA damage by affecting the microenvironment of stem cells present in adult tissues and neoplasms can affect their maintenance and long-term function. We first focus on the importance of self-DNA sensing in immunity activation, inflammation and secretion of pro-inflammatory factors mediated by activation of the cGAS-STING pathway, the ZBP1 pathogen sensor, the AIM2 and NLRP3 inflammasomes. Alongside cytosolic DNA, the emerging roles of cytosolic double-stranded RNA and mitochondrial DNA are discussed. The DNA damage response can also initiate mechanisms to limit division of damaged stem/progenitor cells by inducing a permanent state of cell cycle arrest, known as senescence. Persistent DNA damage triggers senescent cells to secrete senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, which can act as strong immune modulators. Altogether these DNA damage-mediated immunomodulatory responses have been shown to affect the homeostasis of tissue-specific stem cells leading to degenerative conditions. Conversely, the release of specific cytokines can also positively impact tissue-specific stem cell plasticity and regeneration in addition to enhancing the activity of cancer stem cells thereby driving tumor progression. Further mechanistic understanding of the DNA damage-induced immunomodulatory response on the stem cell microenvironment might shed light on age-related diseases and cancer, and potentially inform novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cinat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Robert P Coppes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Lara Barazzuol
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Ma Y, Shen N, Wicha MS, Luo M. The Roles of the Let-7 Family of MicroRNAs in the Regulation of Cancer Stemness. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092415. [PMID: 34572067 PMCID: PMC8469079 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has long been viewed as a disease of normal development gone awry. Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), also termed as tumor-initiating cells (TICs), are increasingly recognized as a critical tumor cell population that drives not only tumorigenesis but also cancer progression, treatment resistance and metastatic relapse. The let-7 family of microRNAs (miRNAs), first identified in C. elegans but functionally conserved from worms to human, constitutes an important class of regulators for diverse cellular functions ranging from cell proliferation, differentiation and pluripotency to cancer development and progression. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding the roles of let-7 miRNAs in regulating cancer stemness. We outline several key RNA-binding proteins, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) involved in the regulation of let-7 biogenesis, maturation and function. We then highlight key gene targets and signaling pathways that are regulated or mutually regulated by the let-7 family of miRNAs to modulate CSC characteristics in various types of cancer. We also summarize the existing evidence indicating distinct metabolic pathways regulated by the let-7 miRNAs to impact CSC self-renewal, differentiation and treatment resistance. Lastly, we review current preclinical studies and discuss the clinical implications for developing let-7-based replacement strategies as potential cancer therapeutics that can be delivered through different platforms to target CSCs and reduce/overcome treatment resistance when applied alone or in combination with current chemo/radiation or molecularly targeted therapies. By specifically targeting CSCs, these strategies have the potential to significantly improve the efficacy of cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Na Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Max S. Wicha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.W.); (M.L.)
| | - Ming Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.W.); (M.L.)
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Liu X, Meng X, Peng X, Yao Q, Zhu F, Ding Z, Sun H, Liu X, Li D, Lu Y, Tang H, Li B, Peng Z. Impaired AGO2/miR-185-3p/NRP1 axis promotes colorectal cancer metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:390. [PMID: 33846300 PMCID: PMC8042018 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that global downregulation of miRNA expression is a hallmark of human cancer, potentially due to defects in the miRNA processing machinery. In this study, we found that the protein expression of Argonaute 2 (AGO2), a key regulator of miRNA processing, was downregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues, which was also consistent with the findings of the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC). Furthermore, the correlation between the levels of AGO2 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (E-cadherin and vimentin) indicated that reduced levels of AGO2 promoted EMT in CRC. Low expression of AGO2 was an indicator of a poor prognosis among CRC patients. Knockdown of AGO2 in CRC cells promoted migration, invasion and metastasis formation in vitro and in vivo but had no influence on proliferation. To provide detailed insight into the regulatory roles of AGO2, we performed integrated transcriptomic, quantitative proteomic and microRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq) analyses of AGO2 knockdown cells and the corresponding wild-type cells and identified neuropilin 1 (NRP1) as a new substrate of AGO2 via miR-185-3p. Our data provided evidence that knockdown of AGO2 resulted in a reduction of miR-185-3p expression, leading to the upregulation of the expression of NRP1, which is a direct target of miR-185-3p, and elevated CRC cell metastatic capacity. Inhibition of NRP1 or treatment with a miR-185-3p mimic successfully rescued the phenotypes of impaired AGO2, which suggested that therapeutically targeting the AGO2/miR-185-3p/NRP1 axis may be a potential treatment approach for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xisheng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaole Meng
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao Peng
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qianlan Yao
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangming Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zhongyi Ding
- Laboratory Animal Center, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongze Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueni Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huamei Tang
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhihai Peng
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. .,Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic & Organ Transplantation Surgery Department, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Li WJ, Wang Y, Liu R, Kasinski AL, Shen H, Slack FJ, Tang DG. MicroRNA-34a: Potent Tumor Suppressor, Cancer Stem Cell Inhibitor, and Potential Anticancer Therapeutic. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:640587. [PMID: 33763422 PMCID: PMC7982597 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.640587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Overwhelming evidence indicates that virtually all treatment-naive tumors contain a subpopulation of cancer cells that possess some stem cell traits and properties and are operationally defined as cancer cell stem cells (CSCs). CSCs manifest inherent heterogeneity in that they may exist in an epithelial and proliferative state or a mesenchymal non-proliferative and invasive state. Spontaneous tumor progression, therapeutic treatments, and (epi)genetic mutations may also induce plasticity in non-CSCs and reprogram them into stem-like cancer cells. Intrinsic cancer cell heterogeneity and induced cancer cell plasticity, constantly and dynamically, generate a pool of CSC subpopulations with varying levels of epigenomic stability and stemness. Despite the dynamic and transient nature of CSCs, they play fundamental roles in mediating therapy resistance and tumor relapse. It is now clear that the stemness of CSCs is coordinately regulated by genetic factors and epigenetic mechanisms. Here, in this perspective, we first provide a brief updated overview of CSCs. We then focus on microRNA-34a (miR-34a), a tumor-suppressive microRNA (miRNA) devoid in many CSCs and advanced tumors. Being a member of the miR-34 family, miR-34a was identified as a p53 target in 2007. It is a bona fide tumor suppressor, and its expression is dysregulated and downregulated in various human cancers. By targeting stemness factors such as NOTCH, MYC, BCL-2, and CD44, miR-34a epigenetically and negatively regulates the functional properties of CSCs. We shall briefly discuss potential reasons behind the failure of the first-in-class clinical trial of MRX34, a liposomal miR-34a mimic. Finally, we offer several clinical settings where miR-34a can potentially be deployed to therapeutically target CSCs and advanced, therapy-resistant, and p53-mutant tumors in order to overcome therapy resistance and curb tumor relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jess Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Experimental Therapeutics Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ruifang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Andrea L Kasinski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Haifa Shen
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Frank J Slack
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dean G Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.,Experimental Therapeutics Graduate Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
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20
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Raue R, Frank AC, Syed SN, Brüne B. Therapeutic Targeting of MicroRNAs in the Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042210. [PMID: 33672261 PMCID: PMC7926641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor-microenvironment (TME) is an amalgamation of various factors derived from malignant cells and infiltrating host cells, including cells of the immune system. One of the important factors of the TME is microRNAs (miRs) that regulate target gene expression at a post transcriptional level. MiRs have been found to be dysregulated in tumor as well as in stromal cells and they emerged as important regulators of tumorigenesis. In fact, miRs regulate almost all hallmarks of cancer, thus making them attractive tools and targets for novel anti-tumoral treatment strategies. Tumor to stroma cell cross-propagation of miRs to regulate protumoral functions has been a salient feature of the TME. MiRs can either act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes (oncomiRs) and both miR mimics as well as miR inhibitors (antimiRs) have been used in preclinical trials to alter cancer and stromal cell phenotypes. Owing to their cascading ability to regulate upstream target genes and their chemical nature, which allows specific pharmacological targeting, miRs are attractive targets for anti-tumor therapy. In this review, we cover a recent update on our understanding of dysregulated miRs in the TME and provide an overview of how these miRs are involved in current cancer-therapeutic approaches from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Raue
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (R.R.); (A.-C.F.)
| | - Ann-Christin Frank
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (R.R.); (A.-C.F.)
| | - Shahzad Nawaz Syed
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (R.R.); (A.-C.F.)
- Correspondence: (S.N.S.); (B.B.); Tel.: +49-69-6301-7424 (B.B.)
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (R.R.); (A.-C.F.)
- Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.N.S.); (B.B.); Tel.: +49-69-6301-7424 (B.B.)
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21
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Jet T, Gines G, Rondelez Y, Taly V. Advances in multiplexed techniques for the detection and quantification of microRNAs. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:4141-4161. [PMID: 33538706 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00609b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA detection is currently a crucial analytical chemistry challenge: almost 2000 papers were referenced in PubMed in 2018 and 2019 for the keywords "miRNA detection method". MicroRNAs are potential biomarkers for multiple diseases including cancers, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. Since miRNAs are stably released in bodily fluids, they are of prime interest for the development of non-invasive diagnosis methods, such as liquid biopsies. Their detection is however challenging, as high levels of sensitivity, specificity and robustness are required. The analysis also needs to be quantitative, since the aim is to detect miRNA concentration changes. Moreover, a high multiplexing capability is also of crucial importance, since the clinical potential of miRNAs probably lays in our ability to perform parallel mapping of multiple miRNA concentrations and recognize typical disease signature from this profile. A plethora of biochemical innovative detection methods have been reported recently and some of them provide new solutions to the problem of sensitive multiplex detection. In this review, we propose to analyze in particular the new developments in multiplexed approaches to miRNA detection. The main aspects of these methods (including sensitivity and specificity) will be analyzed, with a particular focus on the demonstrated multiplexing capability and potential of each of these methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jet
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, CNRS SNC5096, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, F-75006 Paris, France.
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22
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The Role of miRNAs, miRNA Clusters, and isomiRs in Development of Cancer Stem Cell Populations in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031424. [PMID: 33572600 PMCID: PMC7867000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) have a critical role in regulating stem cells (SCs) during development and altered expression can cause developmental defects and/or disease. Indeed, aberrant miRNA expression leads to wide-spread transcriptional dysregulation which has been linked to many cancers. Mounting evidence also indicates a role for miRNAs in the development of the cancer SC (CSC) phenotype. Our goal herein is to provide a review of: (i) current research on miRNAs and their targets in colorectal cancer (CRC), and (ii) miRNAs that are differentially expressed in colon CSCs. MicroRNAs can work in clusters or alone when targeting different SC genes to influence CSC phenotype. Accordingly, we discuss the specific miRNA cluster classifications and isomiRs that are predicted to target the ALDH1, CD166, BMI1, LRIG1, and LGR5 SC genes. miR-23b and miR-92A are of particular interest because our previously reported studies on miRNA expression in isolated normal versus malignant human colonic SCs showed that miR-23b and miR-92a are regulators of the LGR5 and LRIG1 SC genes, respectively. We also identify additional miRNAs whose expression inversely correlated with mRNA levels of their target genes and associated with CRC patient survival. Altogether, our deliberation on miRNAs, their clusters, and isomiRs in regulation of SC genes could provide insight into how dysregulation of miRNAs leads to the emergence of different CSC populations and SC overpopulation in CRC.
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23
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Shi Z, To SKY, Zhang S, Deng S, Artemenko M, Zhang M, Tang J, Zeng JZ, Wong AS. Hypoxia-induced Nur77 activates PI3K/Akt signaling via suppression of Dicer/let-7i-5p to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Theranostics 2021; 11:3376-3391. [PMID: 33537093 PMCID: PMC7847671 DOI: 10.7150/thno.52190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) and the associated metastatic lesions are reported to be hypoxic. Hypoxia is a common feature in the tumor microenvironment and a potent stimulant of CRC. We have identified a regulatory role of Nur77 on Akt activation to enhance β-catenin signaling essential for CRC progression under hypoxic conditions. Methods: The functional role of Nur77 in hypoxia-induced EMT was examined by scattering assays to monitor the morphologies of CRC cell lines under 1% O2. Sphere formation assays were performed to investigate whether Nur77 induced cancer stem cell-like properties in hypoxic CRC cells. The expression of various epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness markers was analyzed by qPCR and Western blotting. Finally, Nur77 function and signaling in vivo was ascertained in subcutaneous tumor xenograft or liver metastasis model in nude mice using CRC cells stably transfected with appropriate constructs. Results: Herein, we show, for the first time, that Nur77 is a novel regulator of microRNA biogenesis that may underlie its significant tumor-promoting activities in CRC cells under hypoxia. Mechanistically, Nur77 interacted with the tumor suppressor protein p63, leading to the inhibition of p63-dependent transcription of Dicer, an important miRNA processor and subsequent decrease in the biogenesis of let-7i-5p which targeted the 3'UTR of p110α mRNA and regulated its stability. Knockdown of Nur77 or overexpression of let-7i-5p inhibited the tumor metastasis in vivo. Conclusion: Our data uncovered a novel mechanistic link connecting Nur77, Akt, and invasive properties of CRC in the hypoxic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Shi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Sally K. Y. To
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Shuaishuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shan Deng
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Margarita Artemenko
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Minda Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Juan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jin-Zhang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Alice S.T. Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
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24
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Kim T, Croce CM. MicroRNA and ER stress in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 75:3-14. [PMID: 33422566 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of biological technologies in genomics, proteomics, and bioinformatics has led to the identification and characterization of the complete set of coding genes and their roles in various cellular pathways in cancer. Nevertheless, the cellular pathways have not been fully figured out like a jigsaw puzzle with missing pieces. The discovery of noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) has provided the missing pieces of the cellular pathways. Likewise, miRNAs have settled many questions of inexplicable patches in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways. The ER stress-caused pathways typified by the unfolded protein response (UPR) are pivotal processes for cellular homeostasis and survival, rectifying uncontrolled proteostasis and determining the cell fate. Although various factors and pathways have been studied and characterized, the understanding of the ER stress requires more wedges to fill the cracks of knowledge about the ER stress pathways. Moreover, the roles of the ER stress and UPR are still controversial in cancer despite their strong potential to promote cancer. The noncoding RNAs, in particular, miRNAs aid in a better understanding of the ER stress and its role in cancer. In this review, miRNAs that are the more-investigated subtype of noncoding RNAs are focused on the interpretation of the ER stress in cancer, following the introduction of miRNA and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewan Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Histology & Developmental Biology, Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation, Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518055, China; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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25
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Huang X, Zhu X, Yu Y, Zhu W, Jin L, Zhang X, Li S, Zou P, Xie C, Cui R. Dissecting miRNA signature in colorectal cancer progression and metastasis. Cancer Lett 2020; 501:66-82. [PMID: 33385486 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Despite recent advancements in surgical and molecular targeted therapies that improved the therapeutic efficacy in CRC, the 5 years survival rate of CRC patients still remains frustratingly poor. Accumulated evidences indicate that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the progression and metastasis of CRC. Dysregulated miRNAs are closely associated with cancerous phenotypes (e.g. enhanced proliferative and invasive ability, evasion of apoptosis, cell cycle aberration, and promotion of angiogenesis) by regulating their target genes. In this review, we provide an updated overview of tumor suppressive and oncogenic miRNAs, circulatory miRNAs, and the possible causes of dysregulated miRNAs in CRC. In addition, we discuss the important functions of miRNAs in drug resistance of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjie Huang
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xinping Zhu
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yun Yu
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Wangyu Zhu
- Affiliated Zhoushan Hospital, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Libo Jin
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Wenzhou University-Wenzhou Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Shaotang Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Peng Zou
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Wenzhou University-Wenzhou Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Congying Xie
- First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Ri Cui
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Wenzhou University-Wenzhou Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
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26
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Xavier PLP, Müller S, Fukumasu H. Epigenetic Mechanisms in Canine Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:591843. [PMID: 33194754 PMCID: PMC7646326 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.591843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A plethora of data has highlighted the role of epigenetics in the development of cancer. Initiation and progression of different cancer types are associated with a variety of changes of epigenetic mechanisms, including aberrant DNA methylation, histone modifications, and miRNA expression. At the same time, advances in the available epigenetic tools allow to investigate and reverse these epigenetic changes and form the basis for the development of anticancer drugs in human oncology. Although human and canine cancer shares several common features, only recently that studies emerged investigating the epigenetic landscape in canine cancer and applying epigenetic modulators to canine cancer. This review focuses on the existing studies involving epigenetic changes in different types of canine cancer and the use of small-molecule inhibitors in canine cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Luiz Porfirio Xavier
- Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology (LOCT), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Susanne Müller
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Heidge Fukumasu
- Laboratory of Comparative and Translational Oncology (LOCT), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil
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27
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Brain Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Carriers of Disease Markers: Molecular Chaperones and MicroRNAs. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10196961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Primary and metastatic brain tumors are usually serious conditions with poor prognosis, which reveal the urgent need of developing rapid diagnostic tools and efficacious treatments. To achieve these objectives, progress must be made in the understanding of brain tumor biology, for example, how they resist natural defenses and therapeutic intervention. One resistance mechanism involves extracellular vesicles that are released by tumors to meet target cells nearby or distant via circulation and reprogram them by introducing their cargo. This consists of different molecules among which are microRNAs (miRNAs) and molecular chaperones, the focus of this article. miRNAs modify target cells in the immune system to avoid antitumor reaction and chaperones are key survival molecules for the tumor cell. Extracellular vesicles cargo reflects the composition and metabolism of the original tumor cell; therefore, it is a source of markers, including the miRNAs and chaperones discussed in this article, with potential diagnostic and prognostic value. This and their relatively easy availability by minimally invasive procedures (e.g., drawing venous blood) illustrate the potential of extracellular vesicles as useful materials to manage brain tumor patients. Furthermore, understanding extracellular vesicles circulation and interaction with target cells will provide the basis for using this vesicle for delivering therapeutic compounds to selected tumor cells.
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28
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Shah V, Shah J. Recent trends in targeting miRNAs for cancer therapy. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:1732-1749. [PMID: 32783235 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of small noncoding RNA employed by the cells for gene regulation. A single miRNA, typically 22 nucleotides in length, can regulate the expression of numerous genes. Over the past decade, the study of miRNA biology in the context of cancer has led to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities. KEY FINDINGS MicroRNA dysregulation is commonly associated with cancer, in part because miRNAs are actively involved in the mechanisms like genomic instabilities, aberrant transcriptional control, altered epigenetic regulation and biogenesis machinery defects. MicroRNAs can regulate oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes and thus when altered can lead to tumorigenesis. Expression profiling of miRNAs has boosted the possibilities of application of miRNAs as potential cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets, although the feasibility of these approaches will require further validation. SUMMARY In this review, we will focus on how miRNAs regulate tumour development and the potential applications of targeting miRNAs for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandit Shah
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Jigna Shah
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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29
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Exosomes-mediated synthetic Dicer substrates delivery for intracellular Dicer imaging detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 151:111907. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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30
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Zaheer U, Faheem M, Qadri I, Begum N, Yassine HM, Al Thani AA, Mathew S. Expression profile of MicroRNA: An Emerging Hallmark of Cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:642-653. [PMID: 30914015 DOI: 10.2174/1386207322666190325122821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNAs), a class of small, endogenous non-coding RNA molecules of about 21-24 nucleotides in length, have unraveled a new modulatory network of RNAs that form an additional level of posttranscriptional gene regulation by targeting messenger RNAs (mRNAs). These miRNAs possess the ability to regulate gene expression by modulating the stability of mRNAs, controlling their translation rates, and consequently regulating protein synthesis. Substantial experimental evidence established the involvement of miRNAs in most biological processes like growth, differentiation, development, and metabolism in mammals including humans. An aberrant expression of miRNAs has been implicated in several pathologies, including cancer. The association of miRNAs with tumor growth, development, and metastasis depicts their potential as effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Furthermore, exploitation of the role of different miRNAs as oncogenes or tumor suppressors has aided in designing several miRNA-based therapeutic approaches for treating cancer patients whose clinical trials are underway. In this review, we aim to summarize the biogenesis of miRNAs and the dysregulations in these pathways that result in various pathologies and in some cases, resistance to drug treatment. We provide a detailed review of the miRNA expression signatures in different cancers along with their diagnostic and prognostic utility. Furthermore, we elaborate on the potential employment of miRNAs to enhance cancer cell apoptosis, regress tumor progression and even overcome miRNA-induced drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Zaheer
- Postgraduate Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier's College, Kolkata, India
| | - Muhammed Faheem
- Department of Biology, King Abdul Aziz University, 80216 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishtiaq Qadri
- Department of Biology, King Abdul Aziz University, 80216 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nargis Begum
- Postgraduate Department of Biotechnology, Jamal Mohamed College, Trichy, India
| | - Hadi M Yassine
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asmaa A Al Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shilu Mathew
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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31
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Chua BA, Van Der Werf I, Jamieson C, Signer RAJ. Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Homeostatic, Stressed, and Malignant Stem Cells. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:138-159. [PMID: 32032524 PMCID: PMC7158223 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cellular identity is not driven by differences in genomic content but rather by epigenomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic heterogeneity. Although regulation of the epigenome plays a key role in shaping stem cell hierarchies, differential expression of transcripts only partially explains protein abundance. The epitranscriptome, translational control, and protein degradation have emerged as fundamental regulators of proteome complexity that regulate stem cell identity and function. Here, we discuss how post-transcriptional mechanisms enable stem cell homeostasis and responsiveness to developmental cues and environmental stressors by rapidly shaping the content of their proteome and how these processes are disrupted in pre-malignant and malignant states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette A Chua
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093 USA
| | - Inge Van Der Werf
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093 USA; Sanford Stem Cell Clinical Center, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Catriona Jamieson
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093 USA; Sanford Stem Cell Clinical Center, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Robert A J Signer
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093 USA.
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32
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Vodenkova S, Buchler T, Cervena K, Veskrnova V, Vodicka P, Vymetalkova V. 5-fluorouracil and other fluoropyrimidines in colorectal cancer: Past, present and future. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 206:107447. [PMID: 31756363 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an essential component of systemic chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) in the palliative and adjuvant settings. Over the past four decades, several modulation strategies including the implementation of 5-FU-based combination regimens and 5-FU pro-drugs have been developed and tested to increase the anti-tumor activity of 5-FU and to overcome the clinical resistance. Despite the encouraging progress in CRC therapy to date, the patients' response rates to therapy continue to remain low and the patients' benefit from 5-FU-based therapy is frequently compromised by the development of chemoresistance. Inter-individual differences in the treatment response in CRC patients may originate in the unique genetic and epigenetic make-up of each individual. The critical element in the current trend of personalized medicine is the proper comprehension of causes and mechanisms contributing to the low or lack of sensitivity of tumor tissue to 5-FU-based therapy. The identification and validation of predictive biomarkers for existing 5-FU-based and new targeted therapies for CRC treatment will likely improve patients' outcomes in the future. Herein we present a comprehensive review summarizing options of CRC treatment and the mechanisms of 5-FU action at the molecular level, including both anabolic and catabolic ways. The main part of this review comprises the currently known molecular mechanisms underlying the chemoresistance in CRC patients. We also focus on various 5-FU pro-drugs developed to increase the amount of circulating 5-FU and to limit toxicity. Finally, we propose future directions of personalized CRC therapy according to the latest published evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sona Vodenkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Medical Genetics, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 2411/87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Buchler
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Videnska 800, 140 59 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Cervena
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Veskrnova
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Videnska 800, 140 59 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Vymetalkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
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MicroRNA Biogenesis Pathway Genes Are Deregulated in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184460. [PMID: 31510013 PMCID: PMC6770105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Each step of their production and maturation has to be strictly regulated, as any disruption of control mechanisms may lead to cancer. Thus, we have measured the expression of 19 genes involved in miRNAs biogenesis pathway in tumor tissues of 239 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, 17 CRC patients with liver metastases and 239 adjacent tissues using real-time PCR. Subsequently, the expression of analyzed genes was correlated with the clinical-pathological features as well as with the survival of patients. In total, significant over-expression of all analyzed genes was observed in tumor tissues as well as in liver metastases except for LIN28A/B. Furthermore, it was shown that the deregulated levels of some of the analyzed genes significantly correlate with tumor stage, grade, location, size and lymph node positivity. Finally, high levels of DROSHA and TARBP2 were associated with shorter disease-free survival, while the over-expression of XPO5, TNRC6A and DDX17 was detected in tissues of patients with shorter overall survival and poor prognosis. Our data indicate that changed levels of miRNA biogenesis genes may contribute to origin as well as progression of CRC; thus, these molecules could serve as potential therapeutic targets.
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34
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Wang Z, Sun H, Provaznik J, Hackert T, Zöller M. Pancreatic cancer-initiating cell exosome message transfer into noncancer-initiating cells: the importance of CD44v6 in reprogramming. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:132. [PMID: 30890157 PMCID: PMC6425561 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1129-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-initiating cell (CIC) exosomes (CIC-TEX) are suggested reprogramming Non-CIC. Mode of message transfer and engagement of CIC-markers being disputed, we elaborated the impact of CD44v6 and Tspan8 on the response of Non-CIC. METHODS Non-metastasizing CD44v6- and Tspan8-knockdown (kd) pancreatic cancer cells served as Non-CIC. CIC-TEX coculture-induced changes were evaluated by deep-sequencing and functional assays. Tumor progression was surveyed during in vivo CIC-TEX treatment. RESULTS Deep-sequencing of CIC-TEX-cocultured CD44v6kd-Non-CIC revealed pronounced mRNA changes in signaling, transport, transcription and translation; altered miRNA affected metabolism, signaling and transcription. CIC-TEX coculture-induced changes in Tspan8kd-Non-CIC mostly relied on CIC-TEX-Tspan8 being required for targeting. CIC-TEX transfer supported apoptosis resistance and significantly promoted epithelial mesenchymal transition, migration, invasion and (lymph)angiogenesis of the kd Non-CIC in vitro and in vivo, deep-sequencing allowing individual mRNA and miRNA assignment to altered functions. Importantly, CIC-TEX act as a hub, initiated by CD44v6-dependent RTK, GPCR and integrin activation and involving CD44v6-assisted transcription and RNA processing. Accordingly, a kinase inhibitor hampered CIC-TEX-fostered tumor progression, which was backed by an anti-Tspan8 blockade of CIC-TEX binding. CONCLUSIONS This in depth report on the in vitro and in vivo impact of CIC-TEX on CD44v6kd and Tspan8kd Non-CIC unravels hub CIC-TEX activity, highlighting a prominent contribution of the CIC-markers CD44v6 to signaling cascade activation, transcription, translation and miRNA processing in Non-CIC and of Tspan8 to CIC-TEX targeting. Blocking CIC-TEX binding/uptake and uptake-initiated target cell activation significantly mitigated the deleterious CIC-TEX impact on CD44v6kd and Tspan8kd Non-CIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Pancreas Section, University Hospital of Surgery, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hanxue Sun
- Pancreas Section, University Hospital of Surgery, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Thilo Hackert
- Pancreas Section, University Hospital of Surgery, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Margot Zöller
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Pancreas Section, University Hospital of Surgery, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, D69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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35
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Kao SH, Cheng WC, Wang YT, Wu HT, Yeh HY, Chen YJ, Tsai MH, Wu KJ. Regulation of miRNA Biogenesis and Histone Modification by K63-Polyubiquitinated DDX17 Controls Cancer Stem-like Features. Cancer Res 2019; 79:2549-2563. [PMID: 30877109 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Markers of cancer stemness predispose patients to tumor aggressiveness, drug and immunotherapy resistance, relapse, and metastasis. DDX17 is a cofactor of the Drosha-DGCR8 complex in miRNA biogenesis and transcriptional coactivator and has been associated with cancer stem-like properties. However, the precise mechanism by which DDX17 controls cancer stem-like features remains elusive. Here, we show that the E3 ligase HectH9 mediated K63-polyubiquitination of DDX17 under hypoxia to control stem-like properties and tumor-initiating capabilities. Polyubiquitinated DDX17 disassociated from the Drosha-DGCR8 complex, leading to decreased biogenesis of anti-stemness miRNAs. Increased association of polyubiquitinated DDX17 with p300-YAP resulted in histone 3 lysine 56 (H3K56) acetylation proximal to stemness-related genes and their subsequent transcriptional activation. High expression of HectH9 and six stemness-related genes (BMI1, SOX2, OCT4, NANOG, NOTCH1, and NOTCH2) predicted poor survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma. Our findings demonstrate that concerted regulation of miRNA biogenesis and histone modifications through posttranslational modification of DDX17 underlies many cancer stem-like features. Inhibition of DDX17 ubiquitination may serve as a new therapeutic venue for cancer treatment. SIGNIFICANCE: Hypoxia-induced polyubiquitination of DDX17 controls its dissociation from the pri-miRNA-Drosha-DCGR8 complex to reduce anti-stemness miRNA biogenesis and association with YAP and p300 to enhance transcription of stemness-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Han Kao
- Research Center for Tumor Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Cheng
- Research Center for Tumor Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Tsang Wu
- Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yu Yeh
- Research Center for Tumor Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsui Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kou-Juey Wu
- Research Center for Tumor Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Genome Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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36
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Kim J, Lee J, Oh JH, Chang HJ, Sohn DK, Kwon O, Shin A, Kim J. Dietary Lutein Plus Zeaxanthin Intake and DICER1 rs3742330 A > G Polymorphism Relative to Colorectal Cancer Risk. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3406. [PMID: 30833603 PMCID: PMC6399314 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39747-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is unclear whether dietary lutein/zeaxanthin intake in colorectal cancer is associated with microRNA processing involved in DICER1 cleavage for messenger RNA translation. We investigated whether dietary lutein/zeaxanthin intake affects colorectal cancer risk in patients with a DICER1 rs3742330 polymorphism. In this hospital-based case-control study, we recruited 923 colorectal cancer patients and 1,846 controls based on eligibility criteria, a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire and the DICER1 rs3742330 genotype. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by unconditional logistic regression adjusted for confounders. The highest quartile of lutein/zeaxanthin consumption was inversely associated with a reduced colorectal cancer risk (OR, 95% CI = 0.25, 0.18-0.36). Carrying G allele (AG + GG) showed a significantly reduced colorectal cancer incidence compared with that of AA carriers (OR, 95% CI = 0.71, 0.55-0.91). Those carrying the G allele (AG + GG) along with high lutein/zeaxanthin consumption were markedly associated with a decreased colorectal cancer risk (OR, 95% CI = 0.32, 0.22-0.46, P for interaction = 0.018), particularly for rectal cancer (OR, 95% CI = 0.24, 0.15-0.39, P for interaction = 0.004), compared with that of AA carriers with low lutein/zeaxanthin intakes. In conclusion, colorectal cancer risk was related to an interactive effect between dietary lutein/zeaxanthin intake and the DICER1 rs3742330 polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimi Kim
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jeonghee Lee
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Oh
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Chang
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Dae Kyung Sohn
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Oran Kwon
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Aesun Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.
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37
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Amaar YG, Reeves ME. RASSF1C regulates miR-33a and EMT marker gene expression in lung cancer cells. Oncotarget 2019; 10:123-132. [PMID: 30719208 PMCID: PMC6349430 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
RASSF1C functions as an oncogene in lung cancer cells by stimulating proliferation and migration, and reducing apoptosis. Further, RASSF1C up-regulates important protein-coding and non-coding genes involved in lung cancer cell growth, including the stem cell self-renewal gene, piwil1, and small noncoding PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). In this article, we report the identification of microRNAs (miRNAs) that are modulated in lung cancer cells over-expressing RASSF1C. A lung cancer-specific miRNA PCR array screen was performed to identify RASSF1C target miRNA-coding genes using RNA isolated from the lung cancer cell line H1299 stably over-expressing RASSF1C and corresponding control. Several modulated miRNA genes were identified that are important in cancer cell proliferation and survival. Among the miRNAs down-regulated by RASSF1C is miRNA-33a-5p (miRNA-33a), which functions as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer cells. We validated that over-expression of RASSF1C down-regulates miR-33a expression and RASSF1C knockdown up-regulates miR-33a expression. We found that RASSF1C over-expression also increases β-catenin, vimentin, and snail protein levels in cells over-expressing miR-33a. In addition, we found that RASSF1C up-regulates the expression of ABCA1 mRNA which is a known target of miR-33a. Our findings suggest that RASSF1C may promote lung epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), resulting in the development of a lung cancer stem cell phenotype, progression, and metastasis, in part, through modulation of miR-33a expression. Our findings reveal a new mechanistic insight into how RASSF1C functions as an oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef G Amaar
- Surgical Oncology Laboratory, Loma Linda VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Mark E Reeves
- Surgical Oncology Laboratory, Loma Linda VA Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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38
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Boudouresque F, Siret C, Dobric A, Silvy F, Soubeyran P, Iovanna J, Lombardo D, Berthois Y. Ribonuclease MCPiP1 contributes to the loss of micro-RNA-200 family members in pancreatic cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:35941-35961. [PMID: 30542509 PMCID: PMC6267598 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The microRNA-200 (miR-200) family is frequently down-regulated in tumors, including pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDACs). In this study we have examined the mechanisms involved in the loss of miR-200s in tumoral pancreatic cells. Whereas miR-200 gene promoters appear methylated in mature miR-200 deficient cell lines, miR-200 precursors are detected in nuclear but not cytoplasmic compartment of these cells, indicating that promoter hypermethylation is not sufficient to explain the deficit of mature miR-200s. The ribonuclease Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-induced Protein-1 (MCPiP1) may counteract Dicer1 in miRNA maturation process. MCPiP1/Dicer1 mRNA and protein ratios appear higher in miR-200 deficient compared to miR-200 proficient cells, suggesting that MCPiP1 may compete with Dicer1 in mature miR-200 deficient cells. Inhibition of MCPiP1 allows the detection of miR-200 precursors in cytoplasm of miR-200 deficient cells, confirming its involvement in the loss of miR-200s. Also, reversion of MCPiP1/Dicer1 ratio by over-expression of Dicer1 in miR-200 deficient cells leads to the recovery of mature miR-200s. Finally, whereas human malignant pancreatic tissues (PDACs) express lower miR-200 levels than non malignant tissues (non-MPDs), MCPiP1/Dicer1 ratio appears higher in PDACs, when compared to non-MPDs, supporting the hypothesis that MCPiP1/Dicer1 ratio is determinant in regulating miR-200 maturation process in a subset of tumoral pancreatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carole Siret
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM UMR 911, CRO2, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML Marseille, France
| | - Aurélie Dobric
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM UMR 911, CRO2, Marseille, France.,Present address: Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Pancreatic Cancer Team, Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Silvy
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM UMR 911, CRO2, Marseille, France.,Present address: Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Pancreatic Cancer Team, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Soubeyran
- Present address: Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Pancreatic Cancer Team, Marseille, France
| | - Juan Iovanna
- Present address: Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Pancreatic Cancer Team, Marseille, France
| | | | - Yolande Berthois
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM UMR 911, CRO2, Marseille, France.,Present address: Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Pancreatic Cancer Team, Marseille, France
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39
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Krajewska JB, Fichna J, Mosińska P. One step ahead: miRNA-34 in colon cancer-future diagnostic and therapeutic tool? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 132:1-8. [PMID: 30447913 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery that microRNAs (miRNAs) - short, non-coding RNA molecules which regulate gene expression - are implicated in many types of cancer has revolutionised cancer research, giving hope for a new perspective in diagnostics and treatment. Dysregulation of miRNAs occurs in various malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death and in most countries its incidence is still rising. Among several miRNAs which have been linked to CRC, miR-34 has attracted particular attention. This miRNA is involved in the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis through multiple signaling pathways such as p53, Ra and Wnt signaling. Understanding its role in CRC may facilitate its future use as a diagnostic tool and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia B Krajewska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Paula Mosińska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
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40
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Cheng L, Geng L, Dai B, Zheng T, Fu J, Qiao L, Cai W, Wang Y, Yang J. Repression of let-7a cluster prevents adhesion of colorectal cancer cells by enforcing a mesenchymal phenotype in presence of liver inflammation. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:489. [PMID: 29695839 PMCID: PMC5916926 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0477-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The liver is the most common site of metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer, and colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) is associated with poor rates of survival. However, CRLM occurs infrequently in livers exhibiting signs of hepatitis or cirrhosis, suggesting a role for inflammation in attenuating CRLM. The molecular mechanisms driving this phenomenon remain unclear. The aim of this study was to confirm the mechanism by which liver inflammation inhibits CRLM. We used BALB/c animal models of inflammatory liver diseases to confirm that liver inflammation inhibits CRLM, and then elucidated the molecular mechanisms governing that process. Out data showed that liver inflammation induces IFN-γ expression, which then downregulates expression of the let-7a cluster through IRF-1 in colorectal cancer cells. Finally, we showed that modulation of let-7a expression regulated the epithelial–mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer cell lines, and inhibited their capacity to metastasize in vivo. Cumulatively, we clarified the critical role played by the IFN-γ/IRF-1/let-7a cluster/EMT pathway in regulating the spread of circulating colorectal cancer cells to the liver, and highlighted the critical role that the hepatitis microenvironment plays in modulating that process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Cheng
- Department of Special Treatment and Liver Transplantation, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Li Geng
- Department of Special Treatment and Liver Transplantation, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Binghua Dai
- Department of Special Treatment and Liver Transplantation, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, People's Liberation Army Nanjing General Hospital, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Jun Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Spleen Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Department of Special Treatment and Liver Transplantation, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wenchang Cai
- Department of Special Treatment and Liver Transplantation, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Research Center of Developmental Biology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Jiamei Yang
- Department of Special Treatment and Liver Transplantation, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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41
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Guo J, Zhao Y, Fei C, Zhao S, Zheng Q, Su J, Wu D, Li X, Chang C. Dicer1 downregulation by multiple myeloma cells promotes the senescence and tumor-supporting capacity and decreases the differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:512. [PMID: 29724992 PMCID: PMC5938708 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) facilitate the growth of multiple myeloma (MM) cells, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study demonstrates that the senescence of MM-MSCs significantly increased, as evidenced by a decrease in proliferation and increase in the number of cells positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. Senescent MM-MSCs displayed decreased differentiation potential and increased tumor-supporting capacity. Dicer1 knockdown in the MSCs of healthy controls promoted cellular senescence and tumor-supporting capacity, while decreasing the differentiation capacity. Dicer1 overexpression in MM-MSCs reversed the effects on differentiation and reduced cellular senescence. In addition, decreased expression of the microRNA-17 family was identified as a favorable element responsible for increasing senescence, with the expression of p21 increased in Dicer1 knockdown cells. Furthermore, we observed decreased expression of miR-93 and miR-20a in MM-MSCs, while upregulation of miR-93/miR-20a decreased cellular senescence, as evidenced by the increased p21 expression. Importantly, we found that myeloma cells could induce the senescence of MSCs from healthy controls, as observed from the decreased expression of Dicer1 and miR-93/miR-20a and increased expression of p21. Overall, MM cells downregulate Dicer1 in MSCs, which leads to senescence; in turn, senescent MSCs promote MM cell growth, which most likely contributes to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Guo
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Youshan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengming Fei
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Sida Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqing Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiying Su
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunkang Chang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 200233, Shanghai, China.
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42
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Andres SF, Williams KN, Rustgi AK. The Molecular Basis of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2018; 14:69-79. [PMID: 30237756 PMCID: PMC6141197 DOI: 10.1007/s11888-018-0403-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is a vexing clinical problem. In contrast to early stage disease, once CRC metastasizes to other organs, long-term survival is compromised. We seek to review the molecular pathogenesis, animal models, and functional genomics for an enhanced understanding of how CRC metastasizes and how this can be exploited therapeutically. RECENT FINDINGS Mouse models may recapitulate certain aspects of metastatic human CRC and allow for studies to identify regulators of metastasis. Modulation of transcription factors, onco-proteins, or tumor suppressors have been identified to activate known metastatic pathways. CD44 variants, microRNAs and RNA binding proteins are emerging as metastatic modulators. SUMMARY CRC metastasis is a multi-faceted and heterogeneous disease. Despite common pathways contributing to metastatic development, there are numerous variables that modulate metastatic signals in subsets of patients. It is paramount that studies continue to investigate metastatic drivers, enhancers and inhibitors in CRC to develop therapeutic targets and improve disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah F Andres
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kathy N Williams
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Anil K Rustgi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
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O'Brien SJ, Carter JV, Burton JF, Oxford BG, Schmidt MN, Hallion JC, Galandiuk S. The role of the miR-200 family in epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer: a systematic review. Int J Cancer 2018; 142:2501-2511. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. O'Brien
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, The Hiram C. Polk Jr., M.D. Department of Surgery, University of Louisville; Louisville KY
| | - Jane V. Carter
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, The Hiram C. Polk Jr., M.D. Department of Surgery, University of Louisville; Louisville KY
- Department of Surgery; North Cumbria University Hospitals NHS Trust; Whitehaven Cumbria United Kingdom
| | - James F. Burton
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, The Hiram C. Polk Jr., M.D. Department of Surgery, University of Louisville; Louisville KY
| | - Brent G. Oxford
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, The Hiram C. Polk Jr., M.D. Department of Surgery, University of Louisville; Louisville KY
| | - Miranda N. Schmidt
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, The Hiram C. Polk Jr., M.D. Department of Surgery, University of Louisville; Louisville KY
| | - Jacob C. Hallion
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, The Hiram C. Polk Jr., M.D. Department of Surgery, University of Louisville; Louisville KY
| | - Susan Galandiuk
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, The Hiram C. Polk Jr., M.D. Department of Surgery, University of Louisville; Louisville KY
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Strubberg AM, Madison BB. MicroRNAs in the etiology of colorectal cancer: pathways and clinical implications. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:197-214. [PMID: 28250048 PMCID: PMC5374322 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.027441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-stranded RNAs that repress mRNA translation
and trigger mRNA degradation. Of the ∼1900 miRNA-encoding genes present
in the human genome, ∼250 miRNAs are reported to have changes in
abundance or altered functions in colorectal cancer. Thousands of studies have
documented aberrant miRNA levels in colorectal cancer, with some miRNAs reported
to actively regulate tumorigenesis. A recurrent phenomenon with miRNAs is their
frequent participation in feedback loops, which probably serve to reinforce or
magnify biological outcomes to manifest a particular cellular phenotype. Here,
we review the roles of oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs), tumor suppressive miRNAs
(anti-oncomiRs) and miRNA regulators in colorectal cancer. Given their stability
in patient-derived samples and ease of detection with standard and novel
techniques, we also discuss the potential use of miRNAs as biomarkers in the
diagnosis of colorectal cancer and as prognostic indicators of this disease.
MiRNAs also represent attractive candidates for targeted therapies because their
function can be manipulated through the use of synthetic antagonists and miRNA
mimics. Summary: This Review provides an overview of some important
microRNAs and their roles in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee M Strubberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Blair B Madison
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Fesler A, Guo S, Liu H, Wu N, Ju J. Overcoming chemoresistance in cancer stem cells with the help of microRNAs in colorectal cancer. Epigenomics 2017; 9:793-796. [DOI: 10.2217/epi-2017-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been recognized that acute resistance to chemotherapy mediated by post-transcriptional and translational control is crucial to influence response and survival in cancer treatment. Tumor cells are highly heterogeneous and have the ability to adapt a resistance phenotype through epigenetic regulations such as microRNAs. This poses a major challenge to the treatment of advanced stage colon cancer patients. Colon cancer stem cells have been identified as one of the major contributors to resistance of colon cancer to chemotherapy. Through various mechanisms, these cells are able to resist the effects of traditional chemotherapeutics. The challenge posed by these cells is further enhanced by their plastic nature, where cells can transition between non-stem cancer cells and cancer stem cells creating a moving target. In this editorial, we discuss some of the recent advancements in overcoming chemoresistance associated with colon cancer stem cells with the help of microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Fesler
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, 11794 NY, USA
| | - Shixiang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, 11794 NY, USA
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, 11794 NY, USA
| | - Ning Wu
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, 11794 NY, USA
| | - Jingfang Ju
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, 11794 NY, USA
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Paul P, Chakraborty A, Sarkar D, Langthasa M, Rahman M, Bari M, Singha RS, Malakar AK, Chakraborty S. Interplay between miRNAs and human diseases. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2007-2018. [PMID: 28181241 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding RNAs, which have evoked a great deal of interest due to their importance in many aspects of homeostasis and diseases. MicroRNAs are stable and are essential components of gene regulatory networks. They play a crucial role in healthy individuals and their dysregulations have also been implicated in a wide range of diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and cancer. This review summarized the current understanding of interactions between miRNAs and different diseases and their role in disease diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prosenjit Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | | | - Debasree Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | | | - Musfhia Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Minakshi Bari
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
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Wang XJ, Jiang FZ, Tong H, Ke JQ, Li YR, Zhang HL, Yan XF, Wang FY, Wan XP. Dicer1 dysfunction promotes stemness and aggression in endometrial carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317695967. [PMID: 28381177 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317695967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma is one of the most common gynecological malignancies, but the molecular events involved in the development and progression of endometrial carcinoma remain unclear. Dicer1 and cancer stem cells play important roles in cell motility and survival. This study investigated the role of the let-7 family and Dicer1 in the stemness of endometrial carcinoma cells. We profiled Dicer1 expression in clinical samples and explored its relationship with stem cell-associated markers and clinical parameters. We showed that Dicer1 dysfunction leads to the enrichment of tumor stemness features and tumor aggression both in vitro and in vivo. We also identified the mechanism related to this potential tumor-predisposing phenotype: loss of Dicer1 induced abnormal expression of the let-7 family, which comprises well-known tumor suppressors, thus regulating stemness in endometrial carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Wang
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Zhou Jiang
- 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huan Tong
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie-Qi Ke
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ran Li
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Lin Zhang
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Yan
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Wang
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Wan
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Noncoding RNAs in the development, diagnosis, and prognosis of colorectal cancer. Transl Res 2017; 181:108-120. [PMID: 27810413 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
More than 90% of the human genome is actively transcribed, but less than 2% of the total genome encodes protein-coding RNA, and thus, noncoding RNA (ncRNA) is a major component of the human transcriptome. Recently, ncRNA was demonstrated to play important roles in multiple biological processes by directly or indirectly interfering with gene expression, and the dysregulation of ncRNA is associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer. In this review, we summarize the function and mechanism of miRNA, long intergenic ncRNA, and some other types of ncRNAs, such as small nucleolar RNA, circular ncRNA, pseudogene RNA, and even protein-coding mRNA, in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). We also presented their clinical application in the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. The summary of the current state of ncRNA in CRC will contribute to our understanding of the complex processes of CRC initiation and development and will help in the discovery of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CRC diagnosis and treatment.
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Cai W, Xiong Chen Z, Rane G, Satendra Singh S, Choo Z, Wang C, Yuan Y, Zea Tan T, Arfuso F, Yap CT, Pongor LS, Yang H, Lee MB, Cher Goh B, Sethi G, Benoukraf T, Tergaonkar V, Prem Kumar A. Wanted DEAD/H or Alive: Helicases Winding Up in Cancers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017; 109:2957323. [PMID: 28122908 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most studied areas of human biology over the past century. Despite having attracted much attention, hype, and investments, the search to find a cure for cancer remains an uphill battle. Recent discoveries that challenged the central dogma of molecular biology not only further increase the complexity but also demonstrate how various types of noncoding RNAs such as microRNA and long noncoding RNA, as well as their related processes such as RNA editing, are important in regulating gene expression. Parallel to this aspect, an increasing number of reports have focused on a family of proteins known as DEAD/H-box helicases involved in RNA metabolism, regulation of long and short noncoding RNAs, and novel roles as "editing helicases" and their association with cancers. This review summarizes recent findings on the roles of RNA helicases in various cancers, which are broadly classified into adult solid tumors, childhood solid tumors, leukemia, and cancer stem cells. The potential small molecule inhibitors of helicases and their therapeutic value are also discussed. In addition, analyzing next-generation sequencing data obtained from public portals and reviewing existing literature, we provide new insights on the potential of DEAD/H-box helicases to act as pharmacological drug targets in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanpei Cai
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Zhi Xiong Chen
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Grishma Rane
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Shikha Satendra Singh
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Zhang'e Choo
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Chao Wang
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Yi Yuan
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Tuan Zea Tan
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Celestial T Yap
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Lorinc S Pongor
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Henry Yang
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Martin B Lee
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Boon Cher Goh
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Touati Benoukraf
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Affiliations of authors: Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore (WC, GR, SSS, CW, YY, TZT, HY, BCG, TB, APK); Departments of Pharmacology (WC, GR, SSS, CW, BCG, GS, APK), Physiology (ZXC, ZC, CTY), and Biochemistry (VT), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore (ZXC); Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory (FA), School of Biomedical Sciences (GS, APK), Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School (APK), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore (CTY, BCG, APK); 2 Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary (LSP); Department of Renal Medicine (MBL) and Department of Haematology-Oncology (BCG), National University Health System, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore (VT); Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia (VT); Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX (APK)
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50
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Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) and DNA methylation are the 2 epigenetic modifications that have emerged in recent years as the most critical players in the regulation of gene expression. Compelling evidence has indicated the roles of miRNAs and DNA methylation in modulating cellular transformation and tumorigenesis. miRNAs act as negative regulators of gene expression and are involved in the regulation of both physiologic conditions and during diseases, such as cancer, inflammatory diseases, and psychiatric disorders, among others. Meanwhile, aberrant DNA methylation manifests in both global genome changes and in localized gene promoter changes, which influences the transcription of cancer genes. In this review, we described the mutual regulation of miRNAs and DNA methylation in human cancers. miRNAs regulate DNA methylation by targeting DNA methyltransferases or methylation-related proteins. On the other hand, both hyper- and hypo-methylation of miRNAs occur frequently in human cancers and represent a new level of complexity in gene regulation. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying the mutual regulation of miRNAs and DNA methylation may provide helpful insights in the development of efficient therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Wang
- a Department of Oncology , Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong , P. R. China.,b Department of Systems Biology , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Wanyin Wu
- a Department of Oncology , Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, Guangdong , P. R. China
| | - Francois X Claret
- b Department of Systems Biology , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA.,c Experimental Therapeutics Academic Program and Cancer Biology Program , The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston , Houston , TX , USA
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