1
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Pennington T, Eshima J, Smith BS. Identification of volatile metabolites produced from levodopa metabolism by different bacteria strains of the gut microbiome. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:260. [PMID: 38997651 PMCID: PMC11245815 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03373-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Interspecies pathways in the gut microbiome have been shown to metabolize levodopa, the primary treatment for Parkinson's disease, and reduce its bioavailability. While the enzymatic reactions have been identified, the ability to establish the resulting macromolecules as biomarkers of microbial metabolism remains technically challenging. In this study, we leveraged an untargeted mass spectrometry-based approach to investigate volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced during levodopa metabolism by Enterococcus faecalis, Clostridium sporogenes, and Eggerthella lenta. We cultured these organisms with and without their respective bioactive metabolites and detected levodopa-induced shifts in VOC profiles. We then utilized bioinformatics to identify significant differences in 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 4,6-dimethylpyrimidine, and 4,5-dimethylpyrimidine associated with its biotransformation. Supplementing cultures with inhibitors of levodopa-metabolizing enzymes revealed specific modulation of levodopa-associated diazines, verifying their relationship to its metabolism. Furthermore, functional group analysis depicts strain-specific VOC profiles that reflect interspecies differences in metabolic activity that can be leveraged to assess microbiome functionality in individual patients. Collectively, this work identifies previously uncharacterized metabolites of microbe-mediated levodopa metabolism to determine potential indicators of this activity and further elucidate the metabolic capabilities of different gut bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Pennington
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Jarrett Eshima
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Barbara S Smith
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
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2
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Bouranis JA, Tfaily MM. Inside the microbial black box: a redox-centric framework for deciphering microbial metabolism. Trends Microbiol 2024:S0966-842X(24)00134-3. [PMID: 38825550 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Microbial metabolism influences the global climate and human health and is governed by the balance between NADH and NAD+ through redox reactions. Historically, oxidative (i.e., catabolism) and reductive (i.e., fermentation) pathways have been studied in isolation, obscuring the complete metabolic picture. However, new omics technologies and biotechnological tools now allow an integrated system-level understanding of the drivers of microbial metabolism through observation and manipulation of redox reactions. Here we present perspectives on the importance of viewing microbial metabolism as the dynamic interplay between oxidative and reductive processes and apply this framework to diverse microbial systems. Additionally, we highlight novel biotechnologies to monitor and manipulate microbial redox status to control metabolism in unprecedented ways. This redox-focused systems biology framework enables a more mechanistic understanding of microbial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Bouranis
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Malak M Tfaily
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA.
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3
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Yang Q, Liao W, Wei Z, Qiu R, Zheng Q, Wu Q, Chen Y. Degradation and humification of steroidal estrogens in the soil environment: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:142043. [PMID: 38626810 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Emerging pollutants are toxic and harmful chemical substances characterized by environmental persistence, bioaccumulation and biotoxicity, which can harm the ecological environment and even threaten human health. There are four categories of emerging pollutants that are causing widespread concern, namely, persistent organic pollutants, endocrine disruptors, antibiotics, and microplastics. The distribution of emerging pollutants has spatial and temporal heterogeneity, which is influenced by factors such as geographical location, climatic conditions, population density, emission amount, etc. Steroidal estrogens (SEs) discussed in this paper belong to the category of endocrine disruptors. There are generally three types of fate for SEs in the soil environment: sorption, degradation and humification. Humification is a promising pathway for the removal of SEs, especially for those that are difficult to degrade. Through humification, these difficult-to-degrade SEs can be effectively transferred or fixed, thus reducing their impact on the environment and organisms. Contrary to the well-studied process of sorption and degradation, the role and promise of the humification process for the removal of SEs has been underestimated. Based on the existing research, this paper reviews the sources, classification, properties, hazards and environmental behaviors of SEs in soil, and focuses on the degradation and humification processes of SEs and the environmental factors affecting their processes, such as temperature, pH, etc. It aims to provide references for the follow-up research of SEs, and advocates further research on the humification of organic pollutants in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Weishan Liao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zebin Wei
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Qitang Wu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yangmei Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, 525000, China.
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4
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Skinner JP, Palar S, Allen C, Raderstorf A, Blake P, Morán Reyes A, Berg RN, Muse C, Robles A, Hamdan N, Chu MY, Delgado AG. Acetylene Tunes Microbial Growth During Aerobic Cometabolism of Trichloroethene. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:6274-6283. [PMID: 38531380 PMCID: PMC11008246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Microbial aerobic cometabolism is a possible treatment approach for large, dilute trichloroethene (TCE) plumes at groundwater contaminated sites. Rapid microbial growth and bioclogging pose a persistent problem in bioremediation schemes. Bioclogging reduces soil porosity and permeability, which negatively affects substrate distribution and contaminant treatment efficacy while also increasing the operation and maintenance costs of bioremediation. In this study, we evaluated the ability of acetylene, an oxygenase enzyme-specific inhibitor, to decrease biomass production while maintaining aerobic TCE cometabolism capacity upon removal of acetylene. We first exposed propane-metabolizing cultures (pure and mixed) to 5% acetylene (v v-1) for 1, 2, 4, and 8 d and we then verified TCE aerobic cometabolic activity. Exposure to acetylene overall decreased biomass production and TCE degradation rates while retaining the TCE degradation capacity. In the mixed culture, exposure to acetylene for 1-8 d showed minimal effects on the composition and relative abundance of TCE cometabolizing bacterial taxa. TCE aerobic cometabolism and incubation conditions exerted more notable effects on microbial ecology than did acetylene. Acetylene appears to be a viable approach to control biomass production that may lessen the likelihood of bioclogging during TCE cometabolism. The findings from this study may lead to advancements in aerobic cometabolism remediation technologies for dilute plumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin P. Skinner
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 650 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Skye Palar
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 650 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Channing Allen
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 650 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Alia Raderstorf
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 650 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Presley Blake
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 650 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Arantza Morán Reyes
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Instituto
de Energías Renovables, Universidad
Nacional Autónoma de México, Xochicalco s/n, Azteca, Temixco, Morelos 62588, Mexico
| | - Riley N. Berg
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 650 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Christopher Muse
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 650 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Aide Robles
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 650 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Haley
& Aldrich, Inc., 400 E Van Buren St., Suite 545, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, United States
| | - Nasser Hamdan
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 650 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Min-Ying Chu
- Haley
& Aldrich, Inc., 400 E Van Buren St., Suite 545, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, United States
| | - Anca G. Delgado
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 650 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
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5
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Kabir SF, Sundar SV, Robles A, Miranda EM, Delgado AG, Fini EH. Microbially Mediated Rubber Recycling to Facilitate the Valorization of Scrap Tires. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1017. [PMID: 38611275 PMCID: PMC11013845 DOI: 10.3390/polym16071017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The recycling of scrap tire rubber requires high levels of energy, which poses challenges to its proper valorization. The application of rubber in construction requires significant mechanical and/or chemical treatment of scrap rubber to compatiblize it with the surrounding matrix. These methods are energy-consuming and costly and may lead to environmental concerns associated with chemical leachates. Furthermore, recent methods usually call for single-size rubber particles or a narrow rubber particle size distribution; this, in turn, adds to the pre-processing cost. Here, we used microbial etching (e.g., microbial metabolism) to modify the surface of rubber particles of varying sizes. Specifically, we subjected rubber particles with diameters of 1.18 mm and 0.6 mm to incubation in flask bioreactors containing a mineral medium with thiosulfate and acetate and inoculated them with a microbial culture from waste-activated sludge. The near-stoichiometric oxidation of thiosulfate to sulfate was observed in the bioreactors. Most notably, two of the most potent rubber-degrading bacteria (Gordonia and Nocardia) were found to be significantly enriched in the medium. In the absence of added thiosulfate in the medium, sulfate production, likely from the desulfurization of the rubber, was also observed. Microbial etching increased the surface polarity of rubber particles, enhancing their interactions with bitumen. This was evidenced by an 82% reduction in rubber-bitumen separation when 1.18 mm microbially etched rubber was used. The study outcomes provide supporting evidence for a rubber recycling method that is environmentally friendly and has a low cost, promoting pavement sustainability and resource conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Faisal Kabir
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, 660 S College Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
- Center for Research and Education in Advanced Transportation Engineering Systems (CREATEs), Rowan University, South Jersey Technology Park, 107 Gilbreth Parkway, Mullica Hill, NJ 08062, USA
| | - Skanda Vishnu Sundar
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA (E.M.M.)
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, Arizona State University, 501 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Aide Robles
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA (E.M.M.)
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, Arizona State University, 501 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Evelyn M. Miranda
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA (E.M.M.)
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, Arizona State University, 501 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Anca G. Delgado
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA (E.M.M.)
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, Arizona State University, 501 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Elham H. Fini
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, 660 S College Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
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6
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Miranda EM, McLaughlin CM, Reep JK, Edgar M, Landrum C, Severson C, Grubb DG, Hamdan N, Hansen S, Santisteban L, Delgado AG. High Efficacy Two-Stage Metal Treatment Incorporating Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag and Microbiological Sulfate Reduction. ACS ES&T ENGINEERING 2024; 4:433-444. [PMID: 38357246 PMCID: PMC10862489 DOI: 10.1021/acsestengg.3c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic sulfate-reducing biochemical reactors (SRBRs) can be implemented as passive treatment for mining-influenced water (MIW) mitigating the potentially deleterious effects of MIW acidic pH, and high concentrations of metal(loid)s and SO42-. In this study, a novel two-stage treatment for MIW was designed, where basic oxygen furnace slag (slag stage) and microbial SO42- reduction (SRBR stage) were incorporated in series. The SRBRs contained spent brewing grains or sugarcane bagasse as sources of lignocellulose. The slag reactor removed >99% of the metal(loid) concentration present in the MIW (130 ± 40 mg L-1) and increased MIW pH from 2.6 ± 0.2 to 12 ± 0.3. The alkaline effluent pH of the slag reactor was mitigated by remixing slag effluent with acidic MIW before SRBR treatment. The SRBR stage removed the bulk of SO42- from MIW, additional metal(loid)s, and yielded a circumneutral effluent pH. Cadmium, copper, and zinc showed high removal rates in SRBRs (≥96%) and likely precipitated as sulfide minerals. The microbial communities developed in SRBRs were enriched in hydrolytic, fermentative, and sulfate-reducing taxa. However, the SRBRs developed distinct community compositions due to the different lignocellulose sources employed. Overall, this study underscores the potential of a two-stage treatment employing steel slag and SRBRs for full-scale implementation at mining sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn M. Miranda
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-Mediated & Bio-Inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 425 E. University Dr., Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- School
for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Caleb M. McLaughlin
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-Mediated & Bio-Inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 425 E. University Dr., Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, 660 S. College Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Jeffrey K. Reep
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-Mediated & Bio-Inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 425 E. University Dr., Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, 660 S. College Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Michael Edgar
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-Mediated & Bio-Inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 425 E. University Dr., Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, 660 S. College Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Colton Landrum
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-Mediated & Bio-Inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 425 E. University Dr., Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Carli Severson
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-Mediated & Bio-Inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 425 E. University Dr., Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Dennis G. Grubb
- Jacobs
Engineering, 2001 Market
St., Suite 900, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Nasser Hamdan
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-Mediated & Bio-Inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 425 E. University Dr., Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, 660 S. College Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Shane Hansen
- Freeport-McMoRan
Inc., 800 E. Pima Mine Road, Sahuarita, Arizona 85629, United States
| | - Leonard Santisteban
- Freeport-McMoRan
Inc., 800 E. Pima Mine Road, Sahuarita, Arizona 85629, United States
| | - Anca G. Delgado
- Biodesign
Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Engineering
Research Center for Bio-Mediated & Bio-Inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, 425 E. University Dr., Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- School
of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, 660 S. College Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
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7
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Pan C, Yang H, Gao W, Wei Z, Song C, Mi J. Optimization of organic solid waste composting process through iron-related additives: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119952. [PMID: 38171126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Composting is an environmentally friendly method that facilitates the biodegradation of organic solid waste, ultimately transforming it into stable end-products suitable for various applications. The element iron (Fe) exhibits flexibility in form and valence. The typical Fe-related additives include zero-valent-iron, iron oxides, ferric and ferrous ion salts, which can be targeted to drive composting process through different mechanisms and are of keen interest to academics. Therefore, this review integrated relevant literature from recent years to provide more comprehensive overview about the influence and mechanisms of various Fe-related additives on composting process, including organic components conversion, humus formation and sequestration, changes in biological factors, stability and safety of composting end-products. Meanwhile, it was recommended that further research be conducted on the deep action mechanisms, biochemical pathways, budget balance analysis, products stability and application during organic solid waste composting with Fe-related additives. This review provided guidance for the subsequent targeted application of Fe-related additives in compost, thereby facilitating cost reduction and promoting circular economy objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaonan Pan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Wenfang Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Zimin Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Caihong Song
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Jiaying Mi
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
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8
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Candry P, Flinkstrom Z, Henriikka Winkler MK. Wetlands harbor lactic acid-driven chain elongators. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0210523. [PMID: 38084977 PMCID: PMC10783096 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02105-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Wetlands are globally significant carbon cycling hotspots that both sequester large amounts of CO2 as soil carbon as well as emit a third of all CH4 globally. Their outsized role in the global carbon cycle makes it critical to understand microbial processes contributing to carbon breakdown and storage in these ecosystems. Here, we confirm the presence of chain-elongating organisms in freshwater wetland soils. These organisms take small carbon compounds formed during the breakdown of biomass and turn them into larger compounds (six to eight carbon organic acids) that may potentially contribute to the formation of soil organic matter and long-term carbon storage. Moreover, we find that these chain-elongating organisms may be widely distributed in wetlands globally. Future work should identify these organisms' contribution to carbon cycling in wetlands and the potential role of the products they form in carbon sequestration in wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Candry
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Zachary Flinkstrom
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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9
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Edgar M, Rangan SM, Delgado AG, Boyer TH. Using selectivity to evaluate aqueous- and resin-phase denitrification during biological ion exchange. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:2443-2452. [PMID: 37966193 PMCID: wst_2023_337 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
An increased fertilizer application for agricultural purposes has resulted in increased nitrate (NO3-) levels in surface water and groundwater around the globe, highlighting demand for a low-maintenance NO3- treatment technology that can be applied to nonpoint sources. Ion exchange (IEX) is an effective NO3- treatment technology and research has shown that bioregeneration of NO3- laden resins has the potential to minimize operational requirements and brine waste production that often prevents IEX application for decentralized treatment. In this work, batch denitrification experiments were conducted using solutions with low IEX selectivity capable of supporting the growth of denitrifying bacteria, while minimizing NO3- desorption from resins, encouraging resin-phase denitrification. Although only 15% of NO3- was desorbed by the low selectivity solution, this initial desorption started a cycle in which desorbed NO3- was biologically transformed to NO2-, which further desorbed NO3- that could be biotransformed. Denitrification experiments resulted in a 43% conversion rate of initially adsorbed NO3-, but biotransformations stopped at NO2- due to pH limitations. The balance between adsorption equilibria and biotransformation observed in this work was used to propose a continuous-flow reactor configuration where gradual NO3- desorption might allow for complete denitrification in the short retention times used for IEX systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Edgar
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment (SSEBE), Arizona State University, P.O. Box 873005, Tempe, AZ 85287-3005, USA; Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA E-mail:
| | - Srivatsan Mohana Rangan
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment (SSEBE), Arizona State University, P.O. Box 873005, Tempe, AZ 85287-3005, USA; Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA; Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; Biodesign Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Anga G Delgado
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment (SSEBE), Arizona State University, P.O. Box 873005, Tempe, AZ 85287-3005, USA; Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA; Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Treavor H Boyer
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment (SSEBE), Arizona State University, P.O. Box 873005, Tempe, AZ 85287-3005, USA
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10
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Allaart MT, Fox BB, Nettersheim IHMS, Pabst M, Sousa DZ, Kleerebezem R. Physiological and stoichiometric characterization of ethanol-based chain elongation in the absence of short-chain carboxylic acids. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17370. [PMID: 37833311 PMCID: PMC10576071 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43682-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hexanoate is a valuable chemical that can be produced by microorganisms that convert short-chain- to medium-chain carboxylic acids through a process called chain elongation. These microorganisms usually produce mixtures of butyrate and hexanoate from ethanol and acetate, but direct conversion of ethanol to hexanoate is theoretically possible. Steering microbial communities to ethanol-only elongation to hexanoate circumvents the need for acetate addition and simplifies product separation. The biological feasibility of ethanol elongation to hexanoate was validated in batch bioreactor experiments with a Clostridium kluyveri-dominated enrichment culture incubated with ethanol, acetate and butyrate in different ratios. Frequent liquid sampling combined with high-resolution off-gas measurements allowed to monitor metabolic behavior. In experiments with an initial ethanol-to-acetate ratio of 6:1, acetate depletion occurred after ± 35 h of fermentation, which triggered a metabolic shift to direct conversion of ethanol to hexanoate despite the availability of butyrate (± 40 mCmol L-1). When only ethanol and no external electron acceptor was supplied, stable ethanol to hexanoate conversion could be maintained until 60-90 mCmol L-1 of hexanoate was produced. After this, transient production of either acetate and butyrate or butyrate and hexanoate was observed, requiring a putative reversal of the Rnf complex. This was not observed before acetate depletion or in presence of low concentrations (40-60 mCmol L-1) of butyrate, suggesting a stabilizing or regulatory role of butyrate or butyrate-related catabolic intermediates. This study sheds light on previously unknown versatility of chain elongating microbes and provides new avenues for optimizing (waste) bioconversion for hexanoate production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bartholomeus B Fox
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martin Pabst
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Z Sousa
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert Kleerebezem
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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11
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Sabbe K, D'Haen L, Boon N, Ganigué R. Predicting the performance of chain elongating microbiomes through flow cytometric fingerprinting. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 243:120323. [PMID: 37459796 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
As part of the circular bio-economy paradigm shift, waste management and valorisation practices have moved away from sanitation and towards the production of added-value compounds. Recently, the development of mixed culture bioprocess for the conversion of waste(water) to platform chemicals, such as medium chain carboxylic acids, has attracted significant interest. Often, the microbiology of these novel bioprocesses is less diverse and more prone to disturbances, which can lead to process failure. This issue can be tackled by implementing an advanced monitoring strategy based on the microbiology of the process. In this study, flow cytometry was used to monitor the microbiology of lactic acid chain elongation for the production of caproic acid, and assess its performance both qualitatively and quantitatively. Two continuous stirred tank reactors for chain elongation were monitored flow cytometrically for over 336 days. Through community typing, four specific community types could be identified and correlated to both a specific functionality and genotypic diversity. Additionally, the machine-learning algorithms trained in this study demonstrated the ability to predict production rates of, amongst others, caproic acid with high accuracy in the present (R² > 0.87) and intermediate accuracy in the near future (R² > 0.63). The identification of specific community types and the development of predictive algorithms form the basis of advanced bioprocess monitoring based on flow cytometry, and have the potential to improve bioprocess control and optimization, leading to better product quality and yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Sabbe
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Frieda Saeysstraat 1, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Liese D'Haen
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Frieda Saeysstraat 1, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ramon Ganigué
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Frieda Saeysstraat 1, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
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12
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Robles A, Sundar SV, Mohana Rangan S, Delgado AG. Butanol as a major product during ethanol and acetate chain elongation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1181983. [PMID: 37274171 PMCID: PMC10233103 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1181983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chain elongation is a relevant bioprocess in support of a circular economy as it can use a variety of organic feedstocks for production of valuable short and medium chain carboxylates, such as butyrate (C4), caproate (C6), and caprylate (C8). Alcohols, including the biofuel, butanol (C4), can also be generated in chain elongation but the bioreactor conditions that favor butanol production are mainly unknown. In this study we investigated production of butanol (and its precursor butyrate) during ethanol and acetate chain elongation. We used semi-batch bioreactors (0.16 L serum bottles) fed with a range of ethanol concentrations (100-800 mM C), a constant concentration of acetate (50 mM C), and an initial total gas pressure of ∼112 kPa. We showed that the butanol concentration was positively correlated with the ethanol concentration provided (up to 400 mM C ethanol) and to chain elongation activity, which produced H2 and further increased the total gas pressure. In bioreactors fed with 400 mM C ethanol and 50 mM C acetate, a concentration of 114.96 ± 9.26 mM C butanol (∼2.13 g L-1) was achieved after five semi-batch cycles at a total pressure of ∼170 kPa and H2 partial pressure of ∼67 kPa. Bioreactors with 400 mM C ethanol and 50 mM C acetate also yielded a butanol to butyrate molar ratio of 1:1. At the beginning of cycle 8, the total gas pressure was intentionally decreased to ∼112 kPa to test the dependency of butanol production on total pressure and H2 partial pressure. The reduction in total pressure decreased the molar ratio of butanol to butyrate to 1:2 and jolted H2 production out of an apparent stall. Clostridium kluyveri (previously shown to produce butyrate and butanol) and Alistipes (previously linked with butyrate production) were abundant amplicon sequence variants in the bioreactors during the experimental phases, suggesting the microbiome was resilient against changes in bioreactor conditions. The results from this study clearly demonstrate the potential of ethanol and acetate-based chain elongation to yield butanol as a major product. This study also supports the dependency of butanol production on limiting acetate and on high total gas and H2 partial pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aide Robles
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- Engineering Research Center for Bio-Mediated and Bio-Inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Skanda Vishnu Sundar
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Srivatsan Mohana Rangan
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- Engineering Research Center for Bio-Mediated and Bio-Inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Anca G. Delgado
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- Engineering Research Center for Bio-Mediated and Bio-Inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
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13
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Chu N, Jiang Y, Liang Q, Liu P, Wang D, Chen X, Li D, Liang P, Zeng RJ, Zhang Y. Electricity-Driven Microbial Metabolism of Carbon and Nitrogen: A Waste-to-Resource Solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:4379-4395. [PMID: 36877891 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electricity-driven microbial metabolism relies on the extracellular electron transfer (EET) process between microbes and electrodes and provides promise for resource recovery from wastewater and industrial discharges. Over the past decades, tremendous efforts have been dedicated to designing electrocatalysts and microbes, as well as hybrid systems to push this approach toward industrial adoption. This paper summarizes these advances in order to facilitate a better understanding of electricity-driven microbial metabolism as a sustainable waste-to-resource solution. Quantitative comparisons of microbial electrosynthesis and abiotic electrosynthesis are made, and the strategy of electrocatalyst-assisted microbial electrosynthesis is critically discussed. Nitrogen recovery processes including microbial electrochemical N2 fixation, electrocatalytic N2 reduction, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), and abiotic electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia (Abio-NRA) are systematically reviewed. Furthermore, the synchronous metabolism of carbon and nitrogen using hybrid inorganic-biological systems is discussed, including advanced physicochemical, microbial, and electrochemical characterizations involved in this field. Finally, perspectives for future trends are presented. The paper provides valuable insights on the potential contribution of electricity-driven microbial valorization of waste carbon and nitrogen toward a green and sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qinjun Liang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Panpan Liu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Donglin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xueming Chen
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Daping Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Peng Liang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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14
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Recent Applications and Strategies to Enhance Performance of Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 Gas into Value-Added Chemicals Catalyzed by Whole-Cell Biocatalysts. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the major greenhouse gases that has been shown to cause global warming. Decreasing CO2 emissions plays an important role to minimize the impact of climate change. The utilization of CO2 gas as a cheap and sustainable source to produce higher value-added chemicals such as formic acid, methanol, methane, and acetic acid has been attracting much attention. The electrochemical reduction of CO2 catalyzed by whole-cell biocatalysts is a promising process for the production of value-added chemicals because it does not require costly enzyme purification steps and the supply of exogenous cofactors such as NADH. This study covered the recent applications of the diversity of microorganisms (pure cultures such as Shewanella oneidensis MR1, Sporomusa species, and Clostridium species and mixed cultures) as whole-cell biocatalysts to produce a wide range of value-added chemicals including methane, carboxylates (e.g., formate, acetate, butyrate, caproate), alcohols (e.g., ethanol, butanol), and bioplastics (e.g., Polyhydroxy butyrate). Remarkably, this study provided insights into the molecular levels of the proteins/enzymes (e.g., formate hydrogenases for CO2 reduction into formate and electron-transporting proteins such as c-type cytochromes) of microorganisms which are involved in the electrochemical reduction of CO2 into value-added chemicals for the suitable application of the microorganism in the chemical reduction of CO2 and enhancing the catalytic efficiency of the microorganisms toward the reaction. Moreover, this study provided some strategies to enhance the performance of the reduction of CO2 to produce value-added chemicals catalyzed by whole-cell biocatalysts.
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15
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Baleeiro FCF, Varchmin L, Kleinsteuber S, Sträuber H, Neumann A. Formate-induced CO tolerance and methanogenesis inhibition in fermentation of syngas and plant biomass for carboxylate production. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:26. [PMID: 36805806 PMCID: PMC9936662 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02271-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Production of monocarboxylates using microbial communities is highly dependent on local and degradable biomass feedstocks. Syngas or different mixtures of H2, CO, and CO2 can be sourced from biomass gasification, excess renewable electricity, industrial off-gases, and carbon capture plants and co-fed to a fermenter to alleviate dependence on local biomass. To understand the effects of adding these gases during anaerobic fermentation of plant biomass, a series of batch experiments was carried out with different syngas compositions and corn silage (pH 6.0, 32 °C). RESULTS Co-fermentation of syngas with corn silage increased the overall carboxylate yield per gram of volatile solids (VS) by up to 29% (0.47 ± 0.07 g gVS-1; in comparison to 0.37 ± 0.02 g gVS-1 with a N2/CO2 headspace), despite slowing down biomass degradation. Ethylene and CO exerted a synergistic effect in preventing methanogenesis, leading to net carbon fixation. Less than 12% of the electrons were misrouted to CH4 when either 15 kPa CO or 5 kPa CO + 1.5 kPa ethylene was used. CO increased the selectivity to acetate and propionate, which accounted for 85% (electron equivalents) of all products at 49 kPa CO, by favoring lactic acid bacteria and actinobacteria over n-butyrate and n-caproate producers. Inhibition of n-butyrate and n-caproate production by CO happened even when an inoculum preacclimatized to syngas and lactate was used. Intriguingly, the effect of CO on n-butyrate and n-caproate production was reversed when formate was present in the broth. CONCLUSIONS The concept of co-fermenting syngas and plant biomass shows promise in three aspects: by making anaerobic fermentation a carbon-fixing process, by increasing the yields of short-chain carboxylates (propionate and acetate), and by minimizing electron losses to CH4. Moreover, a model was proposed for how formate can alleviate CO inhibition in certain acidogenic bacteria. Testing the fermentation of syngas and plant biomass in a continuous process could potentially improve selectivity to n-butyrate and n-caproate by enriching chain-elongating bacteria adapted to CO and complex biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio C F Baleeiro
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lukas Varchmin
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sabine Kleinsteuber
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heike Sträuber
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anke Neumann
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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16
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Van Nguyen T, Viver T, Mortier J, Liu B, Smets I, Bernaerts K, Faust K, Lavigne R, Poughon L, Dussap CG, Springael D. Isolation and characterization of a thermophilic chain elongating bacterium that produces the high commodity chemical n-caproate from polymeric carbohydrates. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 367:128170. [PMID: 36283667 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A thermophilic chain elongating bacterium, strain MDTJ8, was isolated from a thermophilic acidogenic anaerobic digestor producing n-caproate from human waste, growing optimally at 50-55 °C and pH 6.5. 16S rRNA gene analysis suggests that MDTJ8 represents a new species/genus within a group currently composed of mesophilic chain elongators of the Oscillospiraceae family. Genome analysis showed that strain MDTJ8 contains homologues of genes encoding for chain elongation and energy conservation but also indicated n-caproate production from carbohydrates including polymeric substances. This was confirmed by culturing experiments in which MDTJ8 converted, at pH 6.5 and 55 °C, mono-, di- and polymeric carbohydrates (starch and hemicellulose) to n-caproate reaching concentrations up to 283 mg/L and accounting for up to 10 % of the measured fermentation products. MDTJ8 is the first axenic organism that thermophilically performs chain elongation, opening doors to understand and intensify thermophilic bioprocesses targeting anaerobic digestion towards the production of the value-added chemical n-caproate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinh Van Nguyen
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium; Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Avenue Blaise Pascal 4, F-63178 Aubiére cedex, France
| | - Tomeu Viver
- Marine Microbiology Group, Mediterranean Institute of Advanced Studies (CSIC-UIB), C/Miquel Marqués 21, 07190 Esporles, Spain
| | - Jonah Mortier
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Bin Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology (Rega Institute), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilse Smets
- Chemical Reactor Engineering and Safety, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Kristel Bernaerts
- Chemical Reactor Engineering and Safety, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Karoline Faust
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology (Rega Institute), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rob Lavigne
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Laurent Poughon
- Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Avenue Blaise Pascal 4, F-63178 Aubiére cedex, France
| | - Claude-Gilles Dussap
- Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, Avenue Blaise Pascal 4, F-63178 Aubiére cedex, France
| | - Dirk Springael
- Division of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
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17
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Luo X, Huang L, Cai X, Zhou L, Zhou S, Yuan Y. Structure and core taxa of bacterial communities involved in extracellular electron transfer in paddy soils across China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157196. [PMID: 35810886 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microbial communities with extracellular electron transfer (EET) activity are capable of driving geochemical changes and cycles, but a comprehensive understanding of the key microbiota responsible for EET in complex soil matrices is still lacking. Herein, the EET activities, in terms of maximum current density (jmax) and accumulated charge output (Cout), of 41 paddy soils across China were evaluated from the exoelectrogenic properties with a conventional bioelectrochemical system (BES). The jmax with a range of 8.85 × 10-4 to 0.41 A/m2 and Cout with a range of 0.27 to 172.21C were obtained from these soil-based BESs. The bacterial community analyses revealed that the most abundant phylum, order, and genus were Firmicutes, Clostridiales, and Clostridum-sensus-stricto 10, respectively. Bacterial network analysis displayed the positive correlations between the majority of electroactive bacteria-containing genera and multiple other genera, indicating their underlying cooperation for the EET. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) model showed remarkable performance in describing the EET activity with 75 most abundant genera as input variables, identified that 32 genera were very important for governing the EET activities. Multiple linear regression (MLR) analyses further prioritized that the genera norank-c-Berkelbacteria and Fonticella were the key contributors, while the genus Paenibacillus was the key competitor against bacterial exoelectrogenesis in paddy soils. Moreover, the spearman analysis showed that the abundance of these keystone taxa was mainly influenced by the carbon content and pH. This approach provides a promising avenue to monitor the microbial activities in paddy soils as well as the links between microbial community composition and ecological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lingyan Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xixi Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lihua Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, School of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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18
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Meinel M, Delgado AG, Ilhan ZE, Aguero ML, Aguiar S, Krajmalnik-Brown R, Torres CI. Organic carbon metabolism is a main determinant of hydrogen demand and dynamics in anaerobic soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:134877. [PMID: 35577129 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen (H2) is a crucial electron donor for many processes in the environment including nitrate-, sulfate- and, iron-reduction, homoacetogenesis, and methanogenesis, and is a major determinant of microbial competition and metabolic pathways in groundwater, sediments, and soils. Despite the importance of H2 for many microbial processes in the environment, the total H2 consuming capacity (or H2 demand) of soils is generally unknown. Using soil microcosms with added H2, the aims of this study were 1) to measure the H2 demand of geochemically diverse soils and 2) to define the processes leading to this demand. Study results documented a large range of H2 demand in soil (0.034-1.2 millielectron equivalents H2 g-1 soil). The measured H2 demand greatly exceeded the theoretical demand predicted based on measured concentrations of common electron acceptors initially present in a library of 15 soils. While methanogenesis accounted for the largest fraction of H2 demand, humic acid reduction and acetogenesis were also significant contributing H2-consuming processes. Much of the H2 demand could be attributed to CO2 produced during incubation from fermentation and/or acetoclastic methanogenesis. The soil initial total organic carbon showed the strongest correlation to H2 demand. Besides external additions, H2 was likely generated or cycled in the microcosms. Apart from fermentative H2 production, carboxylate elongation to produce C4-C7 fatty acids may have accounted for additional H2 production in these soils. Many of these processes, especially the organic carbon contribution is underestimated in microbial models for H2 consumption in natural soil ecosystems or during bioremediation of contaminants in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Meinel
- Arizona State University, Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA; Arizona State University, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA; Arizona State University, Engineering Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Anca G Delgado
- Arizona State University, Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA; Arizona State University, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA; Arizona State University, Engineering Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Zehra Esra Ilhan
- Arizona State University, Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Marisol Luna Aguero
- Arizona State University, Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA; Arizona State University, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA; Arizona State University, Engineering Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Samuel Aguiar
- Arizona State University, Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA; Arizona State University, Engineering Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown
- Arizona State University, Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA; Arizona State University, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA; Arizona State University, Engineering Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA; Arizona State University, Biodesign Center for Health Through Microbiomes, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - César I Torres
- Arizona State University, Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA; Arizona State University, Engineering Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA; Arizona State University, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, USA.
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19
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Apul OG, Arrowsmith S, Hall CA, Miranda EM, Alam F, Dahlen P, Sra K, Kamath R, McMillen SJ, Sihota N, Westerhoff P, Krajmalnik-Brown R, Delgado AG. Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in a weathered, unsaturated soil is inhibited by peroxide oxidants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 433:128770. [PMID: 35364529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Field-weathered crude oil-containing soils have a residual concentration of hydrocarbons with complex chemical structure, low solubility, and high viscosity, often poorly amenable to microbial degradation. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-based oxidation can generate oxygenated compounds that are smaller and/or more soluble and thus increase petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradability. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of H2O2-based oxidation under unsaturated soil conditions to promote biodegradation in a field-contaminated and weathered soil containing high concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons (25200 mg TPH kg-1) and total organic carbon (80900 mg TOC kg-1). Microcosms amended with three doses of 48 g H2O2 kg-1 soil (unactivated or Fe2+-activated) or 24 g sodium percarbonate kg-1 soil and nutrients did not show substantial TPH changes during the experiment. However, 7.6-41.8% of the TOC concentration was removed. Furthermore, production of DOC was enhanced and highest in the microcosms with oxidants, with approximately 20-40-fold DOC increase by the end of incubation. In the absence of oxidants, biostimulation led to > 50% TPH removal in 42 days. Oxidants limited TPH biodegradation by diminishing the viable concentration of microorganisms, altering the composition of the soil microbial communities, and/or creating inhibitory conditions in soil. Study's findings underscore the importance of soil characteristics and petroleum hydrocarbon properties and inform on potential limitations of combined H2O2 oxidation and biodegradation in weathered soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur G Apul
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Sarah Arrowsmith
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Caitlyn A Hall
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; Engineering Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Evelyn M Miranda
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Fabiha Alam
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Paul Dahlen
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Kanwartej Sra
- Chevron Technical Center (a Chevron USA Inc. division), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roopa Kamath
- Chevron Technical Center (a Chevron USA Inc. division), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sara J McMillen
- Chevron Technical Center (a Chevron USA Inc. division), San Ramon, CA, USA
| | - Natasha Sihota
- Chevron Technical Center (a Chevron USA Inc. division), San Ramon, CA, USA
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; Biodesign Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Anca G Delgado
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA; Engineering Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
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20
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Calvo DC, Luna HJ, Arango JA, Torres CI, Rittmann BE. Determining global trends in syngas fermentation research through a bibliometric analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 307:114522. [PMID: 35066199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Syngas fermentation, in which microorganisms convert H2, CO, and CO2 to acids and alcohols, is a promising alternative for carbon cycling and valorization. The intellectual landscape of the topic was characterized through a bibliometric analysis using a search query (SQ) that included all relevant documents on syngas fermentation available through the Web of Science database up to December 31st, 2021. The SQ was validated with a preliminary analysis in bibliometrix and a review of titles and abstracts of all sources. Although syngas fermentation began in the early 1980s, it grew rapidly beginning in 2008, with 92.5% of total publications and 87.3% of total citations from 2008 to 2021. The field has been steadily moving from fundamentals towards applications, suggesting that the field is maturing scientifically. The greatest number of publications and citations are from the USA, and researchers in China, Germany, and Spain also are highly active. Although collaborations have increased in the past few years, author-cluster analysis shows specialized research domains with little collaboration between groups. Based on topic trends, the main challenges to be address are related to mass-transfer limitations, and researchers are starting to explore mixed cultures, genetic engineering, microbial chain elongation, and biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Calvo
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, PO Box 85287-3005, USA; Biodesign Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, PO Box 85287-3005, USA.
| | - Hector J Luna
- Grupo GRESIA, Department of Environmental Engineering, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, 110231, Colombia; Environmental and Chemical Technology Group, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus University, Campus Universitario, Brazil
| | - Jineth A Arango
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, 2362803, Chile.
| | - Cesar I Torres
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, PO Box 85287-3005, USA.
| | - Bruce E Rittmann
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, PO Box 85287-3005, USA.
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21
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Degradation or humification: rethinking strategies to attenuate organic pollutants. Trends Biotechnol 2022; 40:1061-1072. [PMID: 35339288 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The fate of organic pollutants in environmental matrices can be determined by degradation and humification. The humification process represents a promising strategy to remove organic pollutants, particularly those resistant to degradation. In contrast to the well-studied degradation process, the contribution and application prospects of the humification process for organic pollutant removal has been underestimated. The recent progress in synthesizing artificial humic substances (HS) has made directed humification of recalcitrant organic pollutants possible. This review focuses on degradation and humification of organic matter, especially recalcitrant organic pollutants. Challenges in understanding the contribution, underlying mechanisms, and artificial synthesis of HS for removing organic pollutants are also critically discussed. We advocate further investigating the humification of organic pollutants in future studies.
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22
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Miranda EM, Severson C, Reep JK, Hood D, Hansen S, Santisteban L, Hamdan N, Delgado AG. Continuous-mode acclimation and operation of lignocellulosic sulfate-reducing bioreactors for enhanced metal immobilization from acidic mining-influenced water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:128054. [PMID: 34986575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic sulfate-reducing bioreactors are an inexpensive passive approach for treatment of mining-influenced water (MIW). Typically, microbial community acclimation to MIW involves bioreactor batch-mode operation to initiate lignocellulose hydrolysis and fermentation and provide electron donors for sulfate-reducing bacteria. However, batch-mode operation could significantly prolong bioreactor start-up times (up to several months) and select for slow-growing microorganisms. In this study we assessed the feasibility of bioreactor continuous-mode acclimation to MIW (pH 2.5, 6.5 mM SO42-, 18 metal(loid)s) as an alternate start-up method. Results showed that bioreactors with spent brewing grains and sugarcane bagasse achieved acclimation in continuous mode at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 7-12-d within 16-22 days. During continuous-mode acclimation, extensive SO42- reduction (80 ± 20% -91 ± 3%) and > 98% metal(loid) removal was observed. Operation at a 3-d HRT further yielded a metal(loid) removal of 97.5 ± 1.3 -98.8 ± 0.9% until the end of operation. Sulfate-reducing microorganisms were detected closer to the influent in the spent brewing grains bioreactors, and closer to the effluent in the sugarcane bagasse bioreactors, giving insight as to where SO42- reduction was occurring. Results strongly support that a careful selection of lignocellulose and bioreactor operating parameters can bypass typical batch-mode acclimation, shortening bioreactor start-up times and promoting effective MIW metal(loid) immobilization and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn M Miranda
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States; Center for Bio-mediated & Bio-inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, 425 E University Dr, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States; School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, 501 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States
| | - Carli Severson
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States; Center for Bio-mediated & Bio-inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, 425 E University Dr, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States
| | - Jeffrey K Reep
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States; Center for Bio-mediated & Bio-inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, 425 E University Dr, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, 660 S College Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States
| | - Daniel Hood
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States; Center for Bio-mediated & Bio-inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, 425 E University Dr, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States
| | - Shane Hansen
- Freeport-McMoRan Inc., 800 E Pima Mine Rd, Sahuarita, AZ 85629, United States
| | - Leonard Santisteban
- Freeport-McMoRan Inc., 800 E Pima Mine Rd, Sahuarita, AZ 85629, United States
| | - Nasser Hamdan
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States; Center for Bio-mediated & Bio-inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, 425 E University Dr, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, 660 S College Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States
| | - Anca G Delgado
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States; Center for Bio-mediated & Bio-inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, 425 E University Dr, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, 660 S College Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States.
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23
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Sarkar O, Rova U, Christakopoulos P, Matsakas L. Organosolv pretreated birch sawdust for the production of green hydrogen and renewable chemicals in an integrated biorefinery approach. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126164. [PMID: 34699962 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable production of fuels and chemicals is the most important way to reduce the carbon footprint in the environment. Forest based abundant lignocellulosic biomass as a renewable feedstock can be an attractive source of biofuels and biochemicals. This study evaluated the production of hydrogen (H2) along with platform chemicals from an organosol pretreated birch sawdust (SD). Acidogenic fermentation (AF) of pretreated SD resulted in production of green H2 (121.4 mL/gVS) along with short (17.8 g/L) and medium (2.64 g/L) chain carboxylic acids. Further integration of AF with anaerobic digestion (AD) in a biorefinery framework offered production of biomethane (bioCH4: 246 mL/gVS) from the leftover SD from AF. Integration of bioH2 with bioCH4 at different time interval of digestion showed 8-14 L biohythane formation ran with a H2 fraction of 1.6-0.3 H2/(H2 + CH4) documenting energy content of 8-9.08 kJ/gVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omprakash Sarkar
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971‑87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Rova
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971‑87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Paul Christakopoulos
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971‑87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Leonidas Matsakas
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971‑87 Luleå, Sweden.
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24
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Baleeiro FCF, Ardila MS, Kleinsteuber S, Sträuber H. Effect of Oxygen Contamination on Propionate and Caproate Formation in Anaerobic Fermentation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:725443. [PMID: 34568301 PMCID: PMC8460912 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.725443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mixed microbial cultures have become a preferred choice of biocatalyst for chain elongation systems due to their ability to convert complex substrates into medium-chain carboxylates. However, the complexity of the effects of process parameters on the microbial metabolic networks is a drawback that makes the task of optimizing product selectivity challenging. Here, we studied the effects of small air contaminations on the microbial community dynamics and the product formation in anaerobic bioreactors fed with lactate, acetate and H2/CO2. Two stirred tank reactors and two bubble column reactors were operated with H2/CO2 gas recirculation for 139 and 116 days, respectively, at pH 6.0 and 32°C with a hydraulic retention time of 14 days. One reactor of each type had periods with air contamination (between 97 ± 28 and 474 ± 33 mL O2 L−1 d−1, lasting from 4 to 32 days), while the control reactors were kept anoxic. During air contamination, production of n-caproate and CH4 was strongly inhibited, whereas no clear effect on n-butyrate production was observed. In a period with detectable O2 concentrations that went up to 18%, facultative anaerobes of the genus Rummeliibacillus became predominant and only n-butyrate was produced. However, at low air contamination rates and with O2 below the detection level, Coriobacteriia and Actinobacteria gained a competitive advantage over Clostridia and Methanobacteria, and propionate production rates increased to 0.8–1.8 mmol L−1 d−1 depending on the reactor (control reactors 0.1–0.8 mmol L−1 d−1). Moreover, i-butyrate production was observed, but only when Methanobacteria abundances were low and, consequently, H2 availability was high. After air contamination stopped completely, production of n-caproate and CH4 recovered, with n-caproate production rates of 1.4–1.8 mmol L−1 d−1 (control 0.7–2.1 mmol L−1 d−1). The results underline the importance of keeping strictly anaerobic conditions in fermenters when consistent n-caproate production is the goal. Beyond that, micro-aeration should be further tested as a controllable process parameter to shape the reactor microbiome. When odd-chain carboxylates are desired, further studies can develop strategies for their targeted production by applying micro-aerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio C F Baleeiro
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 2, Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Magda S Ardila
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Process Engineering in Life Science 2, Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sabine Kleinsteuber
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heike Sträuber
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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25
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Adaptability of a caproate-producing bacterium contributes to its dominance in an anaerobic fermentation system. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0120321. [PMID: 34378978 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01203-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The transformation of diverse feedstocks into medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) by mixed cultures is a promising biorefinery route because of the high value of MCFAs. A particular concern is how to maintain the microbial consortia in mixed cultures to achieve stable MCFA production. Chinese strong aroma-type liquor (Baijiu) fermentation system continually produces caproic acid for decades through a spontaneous inoculation of anaerobes from pit mud into fermented grains. Therefore, illuminating the dominant caproate-producing bacterium (CPB) in pit mud and how the CPB sustains in the spontaneous fermentation system will benefit to reveal the microbiological mechanisms of the stable caproate production. Here, we examined pit mud samples across four Chinese strong aroma-type Baijiu producing areas and found that a caproate-producing Caproicibacterium sp. was widely distributed in these distilleries with relative abundance ranging from 1.4% to 35.5% and an average abundance of 11.4%. Through controlling carbon source availability, we achieved different simplified caproate-producing consortia and found that the growth advantage of Caproicibacterium sp. was highly dependent on glucose. Then two strains, named Caproicibacterium sp. LBM19010 and Caproicibacterium sp. JNU-WLY1368, were isolated from pit mud of two regions. The metabolic versatility of this bacterium utilizing starch, maltose, glucose and lactate reflected its adaptability to the fermentation environment where these carbon sources coexist. The simultaneous utilization of glucose and lactate contributed to the balance between cell growth and pH homeostasis. This study reveals that multiple adaptation strategies employed by the predominant CPB promotes its stability and dominance in a saccharide- and lactate-rich anaerobic habitat. IMPORTANCE Chinese strong aroma-type liquor (Baijiu) fermentation environment is a typical medium-chain fatty acid producing system with complex nutrients. Although several studies have revealed the correlation between microbial community composition and abiotic factors, the adaptation mechanisms of dominant species to abiotic environment are still unknown in this special anaerobic habitat. This study identified the predominant CPB in Chinese strong aroma-type Baijiu fermentation system. Metabolic versatility and flexibility of the dominant CPB with a small-size genome indicated that this bacterium can effectively exploit available carbon and nitrogen sources, which could be a key factor to promote its ecological success in a multi-species environment. The understanding of growth and metabolic features of CPB responsible for its dominance in microbial community will not only contribute to the improvement of Chinese strong aroma-type Baijiu production but also expand its potential industrial applications in caproate production.
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Robles A, Yellowman TL, Joshi S, Mohana Rangan S, Delgado AG. Microbial Chain Elongation and Subsequent Fermentation of Elongated Carboxylates as H 2-Producing Processes for Sustained Reductive Dechlorination of Chlorinated Ethenes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:10398-10410. [PMID: 34283573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In situ anaerobic groundwater bioremediation of trichloroethene (TCE) to nontoxic ethene is contingent on organohalide-respiring Dehalococcoidia, the most common strictly hydrogenotrophic Dehalococcoides mccartyi (D. mccartyi). The H2 requirement for D. mccartyi is fulfilled by adding various organic substrates (e.g., lactate, emulsified vegetable oil, and glucose/molasses), which require fermenting microorganisms to convert them to H2. The net flux of H2 is a crucial controlling parameter in the efficacy of bioremediation. H2 consumption by competing microorganisms (e.g., methanogens and homoacetogens) can diminish the rates of reductive dechlorination or stall the process altogether. Furthermore, some fermentation pathways do not produce H2 or having H2 as a product is not always thermodynamically favorable under environmental conditions. Here, we report on a novel application of microbial chain elongation as a H2-producing process for reductive dechlorination. In soil microcosms bioaugmented with dechlorinating and chain-elongating enrichment cultures, near stoichiometric conversion of TCE (0.07 ± 0.01, 0.60 ± 0.03, and 1.50 ± 0.20 mmol L-1 added sequentially) to ethene was achieved when initially stimulated by chain elongation of acetate and ethanol. Chain elongation initiated reductive dechlorination by liberating H2 in the conversion of acetate and ethanol to butyrate and caproate. Syntrophic fermentation of butyrate, a chain-elongation product, to H2 and acetate further sustained the reductive dechlorination activity. Methanogenesis was limited during TCE dechlorination in soil microcosms and absent in transfer cultures fed with chain-elongation substrates. This study provides critical fundamental knowledge toward the feasibility of chlorinated solvent bioremediation based on microbial chain elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aide Robles
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave., Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Engineering Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Theodora L Yellowman
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave., Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Engineering Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Sayalee Joshi
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave., Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Engineering Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Srivatsan Mohana Rangan
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave., Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Engineering Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Anca G Delgado
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave., Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Engineering Research Center for Bio-mediated and Bio-inspired Geotechnics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
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27
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Ibrahim M, Raajaraam L, Raman K. Modelling microbial communities: Harnessing consortia for biotechnological applications. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:3892-3907. [PMID: 34584635 PMCID: PMC8441623 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbes propagate and thrive in complex communities, and there are many benefits to studying and engineering microbial communities instead of single strains. Microbial communities are being increasingly leveraged in biotechnological applications, as they present significant advantages such as the division of labour and improved substrate utilisation. Nevertheless, they also present some interesting challenges to surmount for the design of efficient biotechnological processes. In this review, we discuss key principles of microbial interactions, followed by a deep dive into genome-scale metabolic models, focussing on a vast repertoire of constraint-based modelling methods that enable us to characterise and understand the metabolic capabilities of microbial communities. Complementary approaches to model microbial communities, such as those based on graph theory, are also briefly discussed. Taken together, these methods provide rich insights into the interactions between microbes and how they influence microbial community productivity. We finally overview approaches that allow us to generate and test numerous synthetic community compositions, followed by tools and methodologies that can predict effective genetic interventions to further improve the productivity of communities. With impending advancements in high-throughput omics of microbial communities, the stage is set for the rapid expansion of microbial community engineering, with a significant impact on biotechnological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maziya Ibrahim
- Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
- Centre for Integrative Biology and Systems Medicine (IBSE), IIT Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
- Robert Bosch Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (RBCDSAI), IIT Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Lavanya Raajaraam
- Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
- Centre for Integrative Biology and Systems Medicine (IBSE), IIT Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
- Robert Bosch Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (RBCDSAI), IIT Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Karthik Raman
- Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
- Centre for Integrative Biology and Systems Medicine (IBSE), IIT Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
- Robert Bosch Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (RBCDSAI), IIT Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
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Mohana Rangan S, Krajmalnik-Brown R, Delgado AG. An Ion Chromatography Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Chromate, Arsenate, Selenate, Perchlorate, and Other Inorganic Anions in Environmental Media. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE 2021; 38:626-634. [PMID: 34316248 PMCID: PMC8312025 DOI: 10.1089/ees.2020.0347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) (VI) is a toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic water pollutant. The standard ion chromatography (IC) method for quantification of Cr (VI) in water samples is Environmental Protection Agency Method 218.7, which requires postcolumn derivatization with 1,5-diphenylcarbazide and UV-Vis spectroscopy detection. Method 218.7 is Cr (VI) specific; thus, it does not allow detection of co-occurring natural and anthropogenic anions in environmental media. In this study, we developed an isocratic IC method with suppressed conductivity detection, a Metrohm Metrosep A Supp 7 column, and sodium carbonate/acetonitrile as mobile phase for simultaneous quantification of Cr (VI),C l O 4 - , As (V) as arsenate, Se (VI) as selenate, and the common anions F-, Cl-,N O 2 - ,N O 3 - , andS O 4 2 - . The determination coefficient for every analyte was >0.99 and the method showed good accuracy in quantification. Cr (VI), As (V), Se (VI), andC l O 4 - limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.1-0.6 μg/L and 0.5-2.1 μg/L, respectively. Recovery of Cr (VI) in various aqueous samples (tap water, surface water, groundwater, and wastewater) was between 97.2% and 102.8%. Overall, most analytes showed acceptable recovery (80-120%) in the environmental samples tested. The IC method was applied to track Cr (VI) and other anion concentrations in laboratory batch microcosms experiments with soil, surface water, and anaerobic medium. The IC method developed in this study should prove useful to environmental practitioners, academic and research organizations, and industries for monitoring low concentrations of multiple anions in environmental media, helping to decrease the sample requirement, time, and cost of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srivatsan Mohana Rangan
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
- Engineering Research Center for Bio-Mediated and Bio-Inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
- Engineering Research Center for Bio-Mediated and Bio-Inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Anca G. Delgado
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
- Engineering Research Center for Bio-Mediated and Bio-Inspired Geotechnics (CBBG), Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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