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Xu JJ, Kan WJ, Wang TY, Li L, Zhang Y, Ge ZY, Xu JY, Yin ZJ, Feng Y, Wang G, Du J. Ganoderic acid A ameliorates depressive-like behaviors in CSDS mice: Insights from proteomic profiling and molecular mechanisms. J Affect Disord 2024; 358:270-282. [PMID: 38723681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ganoderic Acid A (GAA), a primary bioactive component in Ganoderma, has demonstrated ameliorative effects on depressive-like behaviors in a Chronic Social Defeat Stress (CSDS) mouse model. This study aims to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms through proteomic analysis. METHODS C57BL/6 J mice were allocated into control (CON), chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), GAA, and imipramine (IMI) groups. Post-depression induction via CSDS, the GAA and IMI groups received respective treatments of GAA (2.5 mg/kg) and imipramine (10 mg/kg) for five days. Behavioral assessments utilized standardized tests. Proteins from the prefrontal cortex were analyzed using LC-MS, with further examination via bioinformatics and PRM for differential expression. Western blot analysis confirmed protein expression levels. RESULTS Chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) induced depressive-like behaviors in mice, which were significantly alleviated by GAA treatment, comparably to imipramine (IMI). Proteomic analysis identified distinct proteins in control (305), GAA-treated (949), and IMI-treated (289) groups. Enrichment in mitochondrial and synaptic proteins was evident from GO and PPI analyses. PRM analysis revealed significant expression changes in proteins crucial for mitochondrial and synaptic functions (namely, Naa30, Bnip1, Tubgcp4, Atxn3, Carmil1, Nup37, Apoh, Mrpl42, Tprkb, Acbd5, Dcx, Erbb4, Ppp1r2, Fam3c, Rnf112, and Cep41). Western blot validation in the prefrontal cortex showed increased levels of Mrpl42, Dcx, Fam3c, Ppp1r2, Rnf112, and Naa30 following GAA treatment. CONCLUSION GAA exhibits potential antidepressant properties, with its action potentially tied to the modulation of synaptic functions and mitochondrial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jie Xu
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wei-Jing Kan
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tian-Yi Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lei Li
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zi-Yu Ge
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ji-Yi Xu
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zi-Jia Yin
- Harbin Medical University Daqing Campus, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Gang Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Jing Du
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Ruan Y, Yuan R, He J, Jiang Y, Chu S, Chen N. New perspective on sustained antidepressant effect: focus on neurexins regulating synaptic plasticity. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:205. [PMID: 38693106 PMCID: PMC11063156 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01974-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is highly prevalent globally, however, currently available medications face challenges such as low response rates and short duration of efficacy. Additionally, depression mostly accompany other psychiatric disorders, further progressing to major depressive disorder without long-term effective management. Thus, sustained antidepressant strategies are urgently needed. Recently, ketamine and psilocybin gained attention as potential sustained antidepressants. Review of recent studies highlights that synaptic plasticity changes as key events of downstream long-lasting changes in sustained antidepressant effect. This underscores the significance of synaptic plasticity in sustained antidepressant effect. Moreover, neurexins, key molecules involved in the regulation of synaptic plasticity, act as critical links between synaptic plasticity and sustained antidepressant effects, involving mechanisms including protein level, selective splicing, epigenetics, astrocytes, positional redistribution and protein structure. Based on the regulation of synaptic plasticity by neurexins, several drugs with potential for sustained antidepressant effect are also discussed. Focusing on neurexins in regulating synaptic plasticity promises much for further understanding underlying mechanisms of sustained antidepressant and the next step in new drug development. This research represents a highly promising future research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ruan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ruolan Yuan
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jiaqi He
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yutong Jiang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shifeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Naihong Chen
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, PR China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.
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3
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Grice ASB, Sloofman L, Levy T, Walker H, Ganesh G, de Los Santos MR, Armini P, Buxbaum JD, Kolevzon A, Kostic A, Breen MS. Transient peripheral blood transcriptomic response to ketamine treatment in children with ADNP syndrome. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.29.24301949. [PMID: 38352457 PMCID: PMC10863029 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.29.24301949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder resulting in intellectual disability, developmental delay and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and is due to mutations in the ADNP gene. Ketamine treatment has emerged as a promising therapeutic option for ADNP syndrome, showing safety and apparent behavioral improvements in a first open label study. However, the molecular perturbations induced by ketamine remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the longitudinal effect of ketamine on the blood transcriptome of 10 individuals with ADNP syndrome. Transcriptomic profiling was performed before and at multiple time points after a single low-dose intravenous ketamine infusion (0.5mg/kg). We show that ketamine triggers immediate and profound gene expression alterations, with specific enrichment of monocyte-related expression patterns. These acute alterations encompass diverse signaling pathways and co-expression networks, implicating up-regulation of immune and inflammatory-related processes and down-regulation of RNA processing mechanisms and metabolism. Notably, these changes exhibit a transient nature, returning to baseline levels 24 hours to 1 week after treatment. These findings enhance our understanding of ketamine's molecular effects and lay the groundwork for further research elucidating its specific cellular and molecular targets. Moreover, they contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies for ADNP syndrome and potentially, ASD more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariela S Buxbaum Grice
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Sloofman
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tess Levy
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hannah Walker
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gauri Ganesh
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miguel Rodriguez de Los Santos
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pardis Armini
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph D Buxbaum
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Kolevzon
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ana Kostic
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael S Breen
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Qiao X, Grieco SF, Yu Z, Holmes TC, Xu X. Intranasal Delivery of Ketamine Induces Cortical Disinhibition. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0107-23.2023. [PMID: 38164560 PMCID: PMC10849039 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0107-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies find that subcutaneously administered (s.c.) subanesthetic ketamine promotes sustained cortical disinhibition and plasticity in adult mouse binocular visual cortex (bV1). We hypothesized that intranasal delivery (i.n.) of subanesthetic ketamine may have similar actions. To test this, we delivered ketamine (10 mg/kg, i.n.) to adult mice and then recorded excitatory pyramidal neurons or PV+ interneurons in L2/3 of bV1 slices. In pyramidal neurons the baseline IPSC amplitudes from mice treated with ketamine are significantly weaker than those in control mice. Acute bath application of neuregulin-1 (NRG1) to cortical slices increases these IPSC amplitudes in mice treated with ketamine but not in controls. In PV+ interneurons, the baseline EPSC amplitudes from mice treated with ketamine are significantly weaker than those in control mice. Acute bath application of NRG1 to cortical slices increases these EPSC amplitudes in mice treated with ketamine but not in controls. We also found that mice treated with ketamine exhibit increased pCREB staining in L2/3 of bV1. Together, our results show that a single intranasal delivery of ketamine reduces PV+ interneuron excitation and reduces pyramidal neuron inhibition and that these effects are acutely reversed by NRG1. These results are significant as they show that intranasal delivery of ketamine induces cortical disinhibition, which has implications for the treatment of psychiatric, neurologic, and ophthalmic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine 92697, California
| | - Steven F Grieco
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine 92697, California
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine 92697, California
| | - Zhaoxia Yu
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine 92697, California
- Department of Statistics, Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, Irvine 92697, California
| | - Todd C Holmes
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine 92697, California
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine 92697, California
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine 92697, California
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine 92697, California
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5
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Grieco SF, Johnston KG, Gao P, Garduño BM, Tang B, Yi E, Sun Y, Horwitz GD, Yu Z, Holmes TC, Xu X. Anatomical and molecular characterization of parvalbumin-cholecystokinin co-expressing inhibitory interneurons: implications for neuropsychiatric conditions. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:5293-5308. [PMID: 37443194 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitory interneurons are crucial to brain function and their dysfunction is implicated in neuropsychiatric conditions. Emerging evidence indicates that cholecystokinin (CCK)-expressing interneurons (CCK+) are highly heterogenous. We find that a large subset of parvalbumin-expressing (PV+) interneurons express CCK strongly; between 40 and 56% of PV+ interneurons in mouse hippocampal CA1 express CCK. Primate interneurons also exhibit substantial PV/CCK co-expression. Mouse PV+/CCK+ and PV+/CCK- cells show distinguishable electrophysiological and molecular characteristics. Analysis of single nuclei RNA-seq and ATAC-seq data shows that PV+/CCK+ cells are a subset of PV+ cells, not of synuclein gamma positive (SNCG+) cells, and that they strongly express oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes. We find that mitochondrial complex I and IV-associated OXPHOS gene expression is strongly correlated with CCK expression in PV+ interneurons at both the transcriptomic and protein levels. Both PV+ interneurons and dysregulation of OXPHOS processes are implicated in neuropsychiatric conditions, including autism spectrum (ASD) disorder and schizophrenia (SCZ). Analysis of human brain samples from patients with these conditions shows alterations in OXPHOS gene expression. Together these data reveal important molecular characteristics of PV-CCK co-expressing interneurons and support their implication in neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven F Grieco
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Kevin G Johnston
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Mathematics, School of Physical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Pan Gao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - B Maximiliano Garduño
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Bryan Tang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Elsie Yi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Yanjun Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Gregory D Horwitz
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Zhaoxia Yu
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Statistics, Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Todd C Holmes
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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6
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Dysfunction of NRG1/ErbB4 Signaling in the Hippocampus Might Mediate Long-term Memory Decline After Systemic Inflammation. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:3210-3226. [PMID: 36840846 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03278-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has suggested that a great proportion of sepsis survivors suffer from long-term cognitive impairments after hospital discharge, leading to decreased life quality and substantial caregiving burdens for family members. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we established a mouse model of systemic inflammation by repeated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injections. A combination of behavioral tests, biochemical, and in vivo electrophysiology techniques were conducted to test whether abnormal NRG1/ErbB4 signaling, parvalbumin (PV) interneurons, and hippocampal neural oscillations were involved in memory decline after repeated LPS injections. Here, we showed that LPS induced long-term memory decline, which was accompanied by dysfunction of NRG1/ErbB4 signaling and PV interneurons, and decreased theta and gamma oscillations. Notably, NRG1 treatment reversed LPS-induced decreases in p-ErbB4 and PV expressions, abnormalities in theta and gamma oscillations, and long-term memory decline. Together, our study demonstrated that dysfunction of NRG1/ErbB4 signaling in the hippocampus might mediate long-term memory decline in a mouse model of systemic inflammation induced by repeated LPS injections. Thus, targeting NRG1/ErbB4 signaling in the hippocampus may be promising for the prevention and treatment of this long-term memory decline.
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Psychedelics and Neural Plasticity: Therapeutic Implications. J Neurosci 2022; 42:8439-8449. [PMID: 36351821 PMCID: PMC9665925 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1121-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychedelic drugs have reemerged as tools to treat several brain disorders. Cultural attitudes toward them are changing, and scientists are once again investigating the neural mechanisms through which these drugs impact brain function. The significance of this research direction is reflected by recent work, including work presented by these authors at the 2022 meeting of the Society for Neuroscience. As of 2022, there were hundreds of clinical trials recruiting participants for testing the therapeutic effects of psychedelics. Emerging evidence suggests that psychedelic drugs may exert some of their long-lasting therapeutic effects by inducing structural and functional neural plasticity. Herein, basic and clinical research attempting to elucidate the mechanisms of these compounds is showcased. Topics covered include psychedelic receptor binding sites, effects of psychedelics on gene expression, and on dendrites, and psychedelic effects on microcircuitry and brain-wide circuits. We describe unmet clinical needs and the current state of translation to the clinic for psychedelics, as well as other unanswered basic neuroscience questions addressable with future studies.
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8
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Vanicek T, Unterholzner J, Lanzenberger R, Naderi-Heiden A, Kasper S, Praschak-Rieder N. Intravenous esketamine leads to an increase in impulsive and suicidal behaviour in a patient with recurrent major depression and borderline personality disorder. World J Biol Psychiatry 2022; 23:715-718. [PMID: 35057708 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2022.2031287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: As clinical studies demonstrated that ketamine possesses rapid-acting antidepressant and antisuicidal effects, it is increasingly used in affective disorders. The neuroplastic properties of ketamine are well described in preclinical and imaging studies, and are highly related to its antidepressive mechanism of action.Methods: Here, we report on a female patient with recurrent major depression and borderline personality disorder (BPD) who was treated with intravenous (i.v.) esketamine as rapid-acting augmentation therapy to improve severe and acute depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviour.Results: Esketamine led to an initial improvement of these symptoms. However, during the course of treatment, loosened and disinhibited behaviour and severe suicidal ideation occurred during and immediately after esketamine application. Hence, i.v. esketamine was discontinued, and she further received treatment as usual, which demonstrated to be beneficial.Conclusions: With current knowledge at hand, one cannot exclude esketamine's effects on the equilibrium of neural plasticity in brain networks, potentially initiating undesirable symptoms as impulsive behaviour and emotional dysregulation. Therefore, until investigations focus on efficacy and side effects profile of esketamine in depressed patients with (comorbid) BPD, treatment with this fast-acting medication should be considered with caution in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Vanicek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Jakob Unterholzner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Rupert Lanzenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Angela Naderi-Heiden
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - Siegfried Kasper
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria
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9
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Zhang Y, Amaral ML, Zhu C, Grieco SF, Hou X, Lin L, Buchanan J, Tong L, Preissl S, Xu X, Ren B. Single-cell epigenome analysis reveals age-associated decay of heterochromatin domains in excitatory neurons in the mouse brain. Cell Res 2022; 32:1008-1021. [PMID: 36207411 PMCID: PMC9652396 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-022-00719-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of heterochromatin has been implicated as a cause of pre-mature aging and age-associated decline in organ functions in mammals; however, the specific cell types and gene loci affected by this type of epigenetic change have remained unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we probed chromatin accessibility at single-cell resolution in the brains, hearts, skeletal muscles, and bone marrows from young, middle-aged, and old mice, and assessed age-associated changes at 353,126 candidate cis-regulatory elements (cCREs) across 32 major cell types. Unexpectedly, we detected increased chromatin accessibility within specific heterochromatin domains in old mouse excitatory neurons. The gain of chromatin accessibility at these genomic loci was accompanied by the cell-type-specific loss of heterochromatin and activation of LINE1 elements. Immunostaining further confirmed the loss of the heterochromatin mark H3K9me3 in the excitatory neurons but not in inhibitory neurons or glial cells. Our results reveal the cell-type-specific changes in chromatin landscapes in old mice and shed light on the scope of heterochromatin loss in mammalian aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiao Zhang
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Maria Luisa Amaral
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Chenxu Zhu
- grid.1052.60000000097371625Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Steven Francis Grieco
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Xiaomeng Hou
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Lin Lin
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Justin Buchanan
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Liqi Tong
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Sebastian Preissl
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA ,grid.5963.9Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA. .,The Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Bing Ren
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Center for Epigenomics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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10
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Nawwar DA, Zaki HF, Sayed RH. Role of the NRG1/ErbB4 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways in the anti-psychotic effects of aripiprazole and sertindole in ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like behaviors in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1891-1907. [PMID: 35876932 PMCID: PMC9499910 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01031-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a common mental disorder affecting patients' thoughts, behavior, and cognition. Recently, the NRG1/ErbB4 signaling pathway emerged as a candidate therapeutic target for schizophrenia. This study investigates the effects of aripiprazole and sertindole on the NRG1/ErbB4 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways in ketamine-induced schizophrenia in rats. Young male Wistar rats received ketamine (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 5 consecutive days and aripiprazole (3 mg/kg, orally) or sertindole (2.5 mg/kg, orally) for 14 days. The proposed pathway was investigated by injecting LY294002 (a selective PI3K inhibitor) (25 μg/kg, intrahippocampal injection) 30 min before the drugs. Twenty-four hours after the last injection, animals were subjected to behavioral tests: the open field test, sucrose preference test, novel object recognition task, and social interaction test. Both aripiprazole and sertindole significantly ameliorated ketamine-induced schizophrenic-like behavior, as expected, because of their previously demonstrated antipsychotic activity. Besides, both drugs alleviated ketamine-induced oxidative stress and neurotransmitter level changes in the hippocampus. They also increased the gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate levels and glutamate decarboxylase 67 and parvalbumin mRNA expression in the hippocampus. Moreover, aripiprazole and sertindole increased the NRG1 and ErbB4 mRNA expression levels and PI3K, p-Akt, and mTOR protein expression levels. Interestingly, pre-injecting LY294002 abolished all the effects of the drugs. This study reveals that the antipsychotic effects of aripiprazole and sertindole are partly due to oxidative stress reduction as well as NRG1/ErbB4 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways activation. The NRG1/ErbB4 and PI3K signaling pathways may offer a new therapeutic approach for treating schizophrenia in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia A Nawwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Hala F Zaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Rabab H Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini St, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
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11
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Hu L, Wang J, Zhao X, Cai D. Mechanism of saikogenin G against major depressive disorder determined by network pharmacology. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30193. [PMID: 36042622 PMCID: PMC9410695 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Many classic decoctions of Chinese medicine including Radix Bupleuri are used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD). Saikosaponin D is a representative bioactive ingredient discovered in Radix Bupleuri. The mechanism of saikogenin G (SGG) as a metabolite in MDD remains unclear to date. This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of SGG in treating MDD with network pharmacology. We evaluated the drug likeness of SGG with SwissADME web tool and predicted its targets using the SwissTargetPrediction and PharmMapper. MDD-related targets were identified from the following databases: DisGeNET, DrugBank, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, and GeneCards. The common targets of SGG and MDD were imported to the STRING11.0 database, and then a protein-protein interaction network was constructed. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment were analyzed with DAVID 6.8 database. The molecular weight of SGG was 472.7 g/mol, the topological polar surface area was 69.92 A2 <140 A2, the octanol/water partition coefficient (Consensus LogP0/W) was 4.80, the rotatable bond was 1, the hydrogen bond donors was 3, and the hydrogen bond acceptors was 4. A total of 322 targets of SGG were obtained and there were 1724 MDD-related targets. A total of 78 overlapping genes were selected as targets of MDD treatment including albumin, insulin-like growth factor I, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src, and epidermal growth factor receptor. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis suggested that proteoglycans in cancer, pathways in cancer, prostate cancer, hypoxia-inducible factor-1, central carbon metabolism in cancer, estrogen, PI3K-Akt, ErbB, Rap1, and prolactin signaling pathways played an important role(P < .0001). This study showed that SGG exhibits good drug-like properties and elucidated the potential mechanisms of SGG in treating MDD with regulating inflammation, energy metabolism, monoamine neurotransmitters, neuroplasticity, phosphocreatine-creatine kinase circuits, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Hu
- College of Basic Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
- *Correspondence: Lili Hu, College of Basic Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 121 DaXue Street, Jinzhong 030619, China (e-mail: )
| | - Jue Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| | - Xiaoge Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Donghui Cai
- College of Basic Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
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12
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Xu S, Yao X, Li B, Cui R, Zhu C, Wang Y, Yang W. Uncovering the Underlying Mechanisms of Ketamine as a Novel Antidepressant. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:740996. [PMID: 35872836 PMCID: PMC9301111 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.740996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a devastating psychiatric disorder which exacts enormous personal and social-economic burdens. Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, has been discovered to exert rapid and sustained antidepressant-like actions on MDD patients and animal models. However, the dissociation and psychotomimetic propensities of ketamine have limited its use for psychiatric indications. Here, we review recently proposed mechanistic hypotheses regarding how ketamine exerts antidepressant-like actions. Ketamine may potentiate α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptor (AMPAR)-mediated transmission in pyramidal neurons by disinhibition and/or blockade of spontaneous NMDAR-mediated neurotransmission. Ketamine may also activate neuroplasticity- and synaptogenesis-relevant signaling pathways, which may converge on key components like brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). These processes may subsequently rebalance the excitatory/inhibitory transmission and restore neural network integrity that is compromised in depression. Understanding the mechanisms underpinning ketamine’s antidepressant-like actions at cellular and neural circuit level will drive the development of safe and effective pharmacological interventions for the treatment of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbai Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bingjin Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cuilin Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Cuilin Zhu, ; Yao Wang, ; Wei Yang,
| | - Yao Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Cuilin Zhu, ; Yao Wang, ; Wei Yang,
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Cuilin Zhu, ; Yao Wang, ; Wei Yang,
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13
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Johnston KG, Grieco SF, Zhang H, Jin S, Xu X, Nie Q. Tracking longitudinal population dynamics of single neuronal calcium signal using SCOUT. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100207. [PMID: 35637911 PMCID: PMC9142684 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In vivo calcium imaging enables simultaneous recording of large neuronal ensembles engaged in complex operations. Many experiments require monitoring and identification of cell populations across multiple sessions. Population cell tracking across multiple sessions is complicated by non-rigid transformations induced by cell movement and imaging field shifts. We introduce SCOUT (Single-Cell spatiOtemporal longitUdinal Tracking), a fast, robust cell-tracking method utilizing multiple cell-cell similarity metrics, probabilistic inference, and an adaptive clustering methodology, to perform cell identification across multiple sessions. By comparing SCOUT with earlier cell-tracking algorithms on simulated, 1-photon, and 2-photon recordings, we show that our approach significantly improves cell-tracking quality, particularly when recordings exhibit spatial footprint movement between sessions or sub-optimal neural extraction quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin G. Johnston
- Department of Mathematics and the NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Steven F. Grieco
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Suoqin Jin
- Department of Mathematics and the NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- The Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- The Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Qing Nie
- Department of Mathematics and the NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- The Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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14
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Ma X, Yang S, Zhang Z, Liu L, Shi W, Yang S, Li S, Cai X, Zhou Q. Rapid and sustained restoration of astrocytic functions by ketamine in depression model mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 616:89-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Wei Y, Chang L, Hashimoto K. Molecular mechanisms underlying the antidepressant actions of arketamine: beyond the NMDA receptor. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:559-573. [PMID: 33963284 PMCID: PMC8960399 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of robust antidepressant actions exerted by the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist (R,S)-ketamine has been a crucial breakthrough in mood disorder research. (R,S)-ketamine is a racemic mixture of equal amounts of (R)-ketamine (arketamine) and (S)-ketamine (esketamine). In 2019, an esketamine nasal spray from Johnson & Johnson was approved in the United States of America and Europe for treatment-resistant depression. However, an increasing number of preclinical studies show that arketamine has greater potency and longer-lasting antidepressant-like effects than esketamine in rodents, despite the lower binding affinity of arketamine for the NMDAR. In clinical trials, non-ketamine NMDAR-related compounds did not exhibit ketamine-like robust antidepressant actions in patients with depression, despite these compounds showing antidepressant-like effects in rodents. Thus, the rodent data do not necessarily translate to humans due to the complexity of human psychiatric disorders. Collectively, the available studies indicate that it is unlikely that NMDAR plays a major role in the antidepressant action of (R,S)-ketamine and its enantiomers, although the precise molecular mechanisms underlying antidepressant actions of (R,S)-ketamine and its enantiomers remain unclear. In this paper, we review recent findings on the molecular mechanisms underlying the antidepressant actions of (R,S)-ketamine and its potent enantiomer arketamine. Furthermore, we discuss the possible role of the brain-gut-microbiota axis and brain-spleen axis in stress-related psychiatric disorders and in the antidepressant-like action of arketamine. Finally, we discuss the potential of arketamine as a treatment for cognitive impairment in psychiatric disorders, Parkinson's disease, osteoporosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wei
- grid.411500.1Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan ,grid.410578.f0000 0001 1114 4286Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan China
| | - Lijia Chang
- grid.411500.1Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan.
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16
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Kang MJY, Hawken E, Vazquez GH. The Mechanisms Behind Rapid Antidepressant Effects of Ketamine: A Systematic Review With a Focus on Molecular Neuroplasticity. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:860882. [PMID: 35546951 PMCID: PMC9082546 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.860882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of action underlying ketamine's rapid antidepressant effects in patients with depression, both suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD), including treatment resistant depression (TRD), remains unclear. Of the many speculated routes that ketamine may act through, restoring deficits in neuroplasticity may be the most parsimonious mechanism in both human patients and preclinical models of depression. Here, we conducted a literature search using PubMed for any reports of ketamine inducing neuroplasticity relevant to depression, to identify cellular and molecular events, relevant to neuroplasticity, immediately observed with rapid mood improvements in humans or antidepressant-like effects in animals. After screening reports using our inclusion/exclusion criteria, 139 publications with data from cell cultures, animal models, and patients with BD or MDD were included (registered on PROSPERO, ID: CRD42019123346). We found accumulating evidence to support that ketamine induces an increase in molecules involved in modulating neuroplasticity, and that these changes are paired with rapid antidepressant effects. Molecules or complexes of high interest include glutamate, AMPA receptors (AMPAR), mTOR, BDNF/TrkB, VGF, eEF2K, p70S6K, GSK-3, IGF2, Erk, and microRNAs. In summary, these studies suggest a robust relationship between improvements in mood, and ketamine-induced increases in molecular neuroplasticity, particularly regarding intracellular signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody J Y Kang
- Center of Neuroscience Studies (CNS), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Emily Hawken
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Providence Care Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Gustavo Hector Vazquez
- Center of Neuroscience Studies (CNS), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Providence Care Hospital, Kingston, ON, Canada
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17
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Lin X, Chen L, Baglietto-Vargas D, Kamalipour P, Ye Q, LaFerla FM, Nitz DA, Holmes TC, Xu X. Spatial coding defects of hippocampal neural ensemble calcium activities in the triple-transgenic Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 162:105562. [PMID: 34838667 PMCID: PMC9482454 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) causes progressive age-related defects in memory and cognitive function and has emerged as a major health and socio-economic concern in the US and worldwide. To develop effective therapeutic treatments for AD, we need to better understand the neural mechanisms by which AD causes memory loss and cognitive deficits. Here we examine large-scale hippocampal neural population calcium activities imaged at single cell resolution in a triple-transgenic Alzheimer’s disease mouse model (3xTg-AD) that presents both amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary pathological features along with age-related behavioral defects. To measure encoding of environmental location in hippocampal neural ensembles in the 3xTg-AD mice in vivo, we performed GCaMP6-based calcium imaging using head-mounted, miniature fluorescent microscopes (“miniscopes”) on freely moving animals. We compared hippocampal CA1 excitatory neural ensemble activities during open-field exploration and track-based route-running behaviors in age-matched AD and control mice at young (3–6.5 months old) and old (18–21 months old) ages. During open-field exploration, 3xTg-AD CA1 excitatory cells display significantly higher calcium activity rates compared with Non-Tg controls for both the young and old age groups, suggesting that in vivo enhanced neuronal calcium ensemble activity is a disease feature. CA1 neuronal populations of 3xTg-AD mice show lower spatial information scores compared with control mice. The spatial firing of CA1 neurons of old 3xTg-AD mice also displays higher sparsity and spatial coherence, indicating less place specificity for spatial representation. We find locomotor speed significantly modulates the amplitude of hippocampal neural calcium ensemble activities to a greater extent in 3xTg-AD mice during open field exploration. Our data offer new and comprehensive information about age-dependent neural circuit activity changes in this important AD mouse model and provide strong evidence that spatial coding defects in the neuronal population activities are associated with AD pathology and AD-related memory behavioral deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Lin
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Lujia Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - David Baglietto-Vargas
- Departamento Biologia Celular, Genetica y Fisiologia, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga 29071, Spain; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorder, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Parsa Kamalipour
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Qiao Ye
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Frank M LaFerla
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorder, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Douglas A Nitz
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, United States of America; Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Todd C Holmes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America; Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorder, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America; Center for Neural Circuit Mapping, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America.
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18
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Choi Y, Kim B, Ham S, Chung S, Maeng S, Kim HS, Im HI. Subanesthetic ketamine rapidly alters medial prefrontal miRNAs involved in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256390. [PMID: 34437591 PMCID: PMC8389495 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic and a non-competitive NMDAR antagonist. At subanesthetic dose, ketamine can relieve pain and work as a fast-acting antidepressant, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the mode of action underlying the effects of acute subanesthetic ketamine treatment by bioinformatics analyses of miRNAs in the medial prefrontal cortex of male C57BL/6J mice. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses of the genes putatively targeted by ketamine-responsive prefrontal miRNAs revealed that acute subanesthetic ketamine modifies ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Validation analysis suggested that miR-148a-3p and miR-128-3p are the main players responsible for the subanesthetic ketamine-mediated alteration of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis through varied regulation of ubiquitin ligases E2 and E3. Collectively, our data imply that the prefrontal miRNA-dependent modulation of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis is at least partially involved in the mode of action by acute subanesthetic ketamine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjung Choi
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Baeksun Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Suji Ham
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sooyoung Chung
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sungho Maeng
- College of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Hye-Sun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Bundang-Gu, South Korea
| | - Heh-In Im
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
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