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Nofi CP, Prince JM, Aziz M, Wang P. The Novel MFG-E8-derived Oligopeptide, MOP3, Improves Outcomes in a Preclinical Murine Model of Neonatal Sepsis. J Pediatr Surg 2024; 59:1282-1290. [PMID: 38582704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neonatal sepsis is a devastating inflammatory condition that remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Milk fat globule-EGF-factor VIII (MFG-E8) is a glycoprotein that reduces inflammation, whereas extracellular cold-inducible RNA binding protein (eCIRP) worsens inflammation. This study aimed to determine the therapeutic potential of a novel MFG-E8-derived oligopeptide 3 (MOP3) designed to clear eCIRP and protect against inflammation, organ injury, and mortality in neonatal sepsis. METHODS C57BL6 mouse pups were injected intraperitoneally with cecal slurry (CS) and treated with MOP3 (20 μg/g) or vehicle. 10 h after injection, blood, lungs, and intestines were collected for analyses, and in a 7-day experiment, pups were monitored for differences in mortality. RESULTS MOP3 treatment protected septic pups from inflammation by reducing eCIRP, IL-6, TNFα, and LDH. MOP3 reduced lung and intestinal inflammation and injury as assessed by reductions in tissue mRNA levels of inflammatory markers, histopathologic injury, and apoptosis in lung and intestines. MOP3 also significantly improved 7-day overall survival for CS-septic mouse pups compared to vehicle (75% vs. 46%, respectively). CONCLUSION Deriving from MFG-E8 and designed to clear eCIRP, MOP3 protects against sepsis-induced inflammation, organ injury, and mortality in a preclinical model of neonatal sepsis, implicating it as an exciting potential new therapeutic. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen P Nofi
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA.
| | - Jose M Prince
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA; Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA
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Rashid MMU, Ullah A, Khatun MS, Kim HR, Chae HJ. Triple threat: neutrophil ER stress, NETosis, airway inflammation escalation. Trends Cell Biol 2024:S0962-8924(24)00074-6. [PMID: 38834379 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
This report aims to propose the novel term 'neutrophil endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress' (NERS). NERS explores the influence of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and exacerbation of respiratory ailments. This inquiry aims to advance comprehension in neutrophil biology and respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mamun Ur Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahsan Ullah
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mst Sahida Khatun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Ryong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk, National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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Nofi CP, Prince JM, Wang P, Aziz M. Chromatin as alarmins in necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1403018. [PMID: 38881893 PMCID: PMC11176418 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1403018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease primarily affecting premature neonates, marked by poorly understood pro-inflammatory signaling cascades. Recent advancements have shed light on a subset of endogenous molecular patterns, termed chromatin-associated molecular patterns (CAMPs), which belong to the broader category of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). CAMPs play a crucial role in recognizing pattern recognition receptors and orchestrating inflammatory responses. This review focuses into the realm of CAMPs, highlighting key players such as extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), cell-free DNA, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), histones, and extracellular RNA. These intrinsic molecules, often perceived as foreign, have the potential to trigger immune signaling pathways, thus contributing to NEC pathogenesis. In this review, we unravel the current understanding of the involvement of CAMPs in both preclinical and clinical NEC scenarios. We also focus on elucidating the downstream signaling pathways activated by these molecular patterns, providing insights into the mechanisms that drive inflammation in NEC. Moreover, we scrutinize the landscape of targeted therapeutic approaches, aiming to mitigate the impact of tissue damage in NEC. This in-depth exploration offers a comprehensive overview of the role of CAMPs in NEC, bridging the gap between preclinical and clinical insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen P Nofi
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Jose M Prince
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
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Gebeyehu GM, Rashidiani S, Farkas B, Szabadi A, Brandt B, Pap M, Rauch TA. Unveiling the Role of Exosomes in the Pathophysiology of Sepsis: Insights into Organ Dysfunction and Potential Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4898. [PMID: 38732114 PMCID: PMC11084308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are tools for intercellular communication, mediating molecular transport processes. Emerging studies have revealed that EVs are significantly involved in immune processes, including sepsis. Sepsis, a dysregulated immune response to infection, triggers systemic inflammation and multi-organ dysfunction, posing a life-threatening condition. Although extensive research has been conducted on animals, the complex inflammatory mechanisms that cause sepsis-induced organ failure in humans are still not fully understood. Recent studies have focused on secreted exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles from various body cells, and have shed light on their involvement in the pathophysiology of sepsis. During sepsis, exosomes undergo changes in content, concentration, and function, which significantly affect the metabolism of endothelia, cardiovascular functions, and coagulation. Investigating the role of exosome content in the pathogenesis of sepsis shows promise for understanding the molecular basis of human sepsis. This review explores the contributions of activated immune cells and diverse body cells' secreted exosomes to vital organ dysfunction in sepsis, providing insights into potential molecular biomarkers for predicting organ failure in septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizaw Mamo Gebeyehu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (G.M.G.); (S.R.); (B.F.)
| | - Shima Rashidiani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (G.M.G.); (S.R.); (B.F.)
| | - Benjámin Farkas
- Institute of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (G.M.G.); (S.R.); (B.F.)
| | - András Szabadi
- Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7623 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Barbara Brandt
- Hungary Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (B.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Marianna Pap
- Hungary Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (B.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Tibor A. Rauch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (G.M.G.); (S.R.); (B.F.)
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Heil M. Self-DNA driven inflammation in COVID-19 and after mRNA-based vaccination: lessons for non-COVID-19 pathologies. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1259879. [PMID: 38439942 PMCID: PMC10910434 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1259879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic triggered an unprecedented concentration of economic and research efforts to generate knowledge at unequalled speed on deregulated interferon type I signalling and nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer in B-cells (NF-κB)-driven interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-18 secretion causing cytokine storms. The translation of the knowledge on how the resulting systemic inflammation can lead to life-threatening complications into novel treatments and vaccine technologies is underway. Nevertheless, previously existing knowledge on the role of cytoplasmatic or circulating self-DNA as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) was largely ignored. Pathologies reported 'de novo' for patients infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 to be outcomes of self-DNA-driven inflammation in fact had been linked earlier to self-DNA in different contexts, e.g., the infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1, sterile inflammation, and autoimmune diseases. I highlight particularly how synergies with other DAMPs can render immunogenic properties to normally non-immunogenic extracellular self-DNA, and I discuss the shared features of the gp41 unit of the HIV-1 envelope protein and the SARS-CoV 2 Spike protein that enable HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 to interact with cell or nuclear membranes, trigger syncytia formation, inflict damage to their host's DNA, and trigger inflammation - likely for their own benefit. These similarities motivate speculations that similar mechanisms to those driven by gp41 can explain how inflammatory self-DNA contributes to some of most frequent adverse events after vaccination with the BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer/BioNTech) or the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine, i.e., myocarditis, herpes zoster, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune nephritis or hepatitis, new-onset systemic lupus erythematosus, and flare-ups of psoriasis or lupus. The hope is to motivate a wider application of the lessons learned from the experiences with COVID-19 and the new mRNA vaccines to combat future non-COVID-19 diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Heil
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Laboratorio de Ecología de Plantas, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV)-Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato, Mexico
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Shahriari S, Damodara S, Selvaganapathy PR. Isoelectric trapping and discrimination of histones from plasma in a microfluidic device using dehydrated isoelectric gate. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:131. [PMID: 38351209 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06223-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Histones are basic proteins with an isoelectric point around 11. It has been shown that the level of plasma circulating histones increases significantly during sepsis, and circulating free histones are associated with sepsis severity and mortality. It was found that the median plasma total free histone concentration of sepsis ICU non-survivors is higher compared to survivors. Therefore, histone concentration can serve as a prognostic indicator and there is a need for a simple, low-cost, and rapid method for measuring histone levels. In this work, we have developed a microfluidic device containing an isoelectric membrane made of dehydrated agarose gel of a specific pH embedded in a porous membrane for isoelectric trapping of histones rapidly. Although isoelectric gates have been used for trapping proteins before, they have to be introduced at the time of the experiment. Here, we show that isoelectric gates formed by gels loaded in a scaffold can be integrated directly into the fabrication process flow, dehydrated for storage, and rehydrated during the experiment and still function effectively to achieve isoelectric trapping. A low-cost and rapid microfabrication technique, xurography, was used for agarose integration and device fabrication. The integrated device was tested with samples containing buffered histone, histone in the presence of high-concentration bovine serum albumin (BSA), and histone spiked in blood plasma. The results show that the device can be used to distinguish between survivors and non-survivors of sepsis in less than 10 min, making it suitable as a point-of-care device for sepsis prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Shahriari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sreekant Damodara
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - P Ravi Selvaganapathy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Li Y, Wang Y, Li T, Li Z, Guo T, Xue G, Duan Y, Yao Y. Sesquiterpene from Artemisia argyi seed extracts: A new anti-acute peritonitis agent that suppresses the MAPK pathway and promotes autophagy. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:447-460. [PMID: 37578619 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01297-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
To find novel anti-inflammatory drugs, we screened anti-inflammatory compounds from 18 different types of Artemisia argyi seed extracts. The in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of the screened compounds and their mechanisms were characterized. We first detected the cytotoxic effect of the compounds on RAW264.7 cells and the inhibitory effect on LPS-induced NO release. It was found that sesquiterpenoids CA-2 and CA-4 had low cytotoxic and strong NO inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 4.22 ± 0.61 μM and 2.98 ± 0.23 μM for NO inhibition, respectively. Therefore, compound CA-4 was studied in depth. We found that compound CA-4 inhibited LPS-induced pro-inflammatory factor production and M1 macrophage differentiation in RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, CA-4 inhibited the expression of p-ERK1/2, p-JNK, iNOS, and COX-2 by blocking the MAPK signaling pathway. CA-4 also promoted the expression of autophagy-related proteins such as LC3 II and Beclin-1 by inhibiting activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, and promoted the generation of autophagosomes. Finally, CA-4 significantly inhibited the degree of inflammation in mice with acute peritonitis, showing good anti-inflammatory activity in vivo. Consequently, compound CA-4 may be a promising drug for the treatment of acute inflammatory diseases and provide new ideas for the synthesis of novel anti-inflammatory compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinchao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuanhui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Tianxin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Tao Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Guimin Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Yongtao Duan
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China.
| | - Yongfang Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Murao A, Jha A, Aziz M, Wang P. Transcriptomic profiling of immune cells in murine polymicrobial sepsis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1347453. [PMID: 38343542 PMCID: PMC10853340 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Various immune cell types play critical roles in sepsis with numerous distinct subsets exhibiting unique phenotypes even within the same cell population. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables comprehensive transcriptome profiling and unbiased cell classification. In this study, we have unveiled the transcriptomic landscape of immune cells in sepsis through scRNA-seq analysis. Methods We induced sepsis in mice by cecal ligation and puncture. 20 h after the surgery, the spleen and peritoneal lavage were collected. Single-cell suspensions were processed using a 10× Genomics pipeline and sequenced on an Illumina platform. Count matrices were generated using the Cell Ranger pipeline, which maps reads to the mouse reference transcriptome, GRCm38/mm10. Subsequent scRNA-seq analysis was performed using the R package Seurat. Results After quality control, we subjected the entire data set to unsupervised classification. Four major clusters were identified as neutrophils, macrophages, B cells, and T cells according to their putative markers. Based on the differentially expressed genes, we identified activated pathways in sepsis for each cell type. In neutrophils, pathways related to inflammatory signaling, such as NF-κB and responses to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), cytokines, and hypoxia were activated. In macrophages, activated pathways were the ones related to cell aging, inflammatory signaling, and responses to PAMPs. In B cells, pathways related to endoplasmic reticulum stress were activated. In T cells, activated pathways were the ones related to inflammatory signaling, responses to PAMPs, and acute lung injury. Next, we further classified each cell type into subsets. Neutrophils consisted of four clusters. Some subsets were activated in inflammatory signaling or cell metabolism, whereas others possessed immunoregulatory or aging properties. Macrophages consisted of four clusters, namely, the ones with enhanced aging, lymphocyte activation, extracellular matrix organization, or cytokine activity. B cells consisted of four clusters, including the ones possessing the phenotype of cell maturation or aging. T cells consisted of six clusters, whose phenotypes include molecular translocation or cell activation. Conclusions Transcriptomic analysis by scRNA-seq has unveiled a comprehensive spectrum of immune cell responses and distinct subsets in the context of sepsis. These findings are poised to enhance our understanding of sepsis pathophysiology, offering avenues for targeting novel molecules, cells, and pathways to combat infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Murao
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Alok Jha
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
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Yamaga S, Aziz M, Murao A, Brenner M, Wang P. DAMPs and radiation injury. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1353990. [PMID: 38333215 PMCID: PMC10850293 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1353990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The heightened risk of ionizing radiation exposure, stemming from radiation accidents and potential acts of terrorism, has spurred growing interests in devising effective countermeasures against radiation injury. High-dose ionizing radiation exposure triggers acute radiation syndrome (ARS), manifesting as hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and neurovascular ARS. Hematopoietic ARS typically presents with neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, while gastrointestinal ARS results in intestinal mucosal injury, often culminating in lethal sepsis and gastrointestinal bleeding. This deleterious impact can be attributed to radiation-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress, leading to various forms of cell death, such as apoptosis, necrosis and ferroptosis. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are intrinsic molecules released by cells undergoing injury or in the process of dying, either through passive or active pathways. These molecules then interact with pattern recognition receptors, triggering inflammatory responses. Such a cascade of events ultimately results in further tissue and organ damage, contributing to the elevated mortality rate. Notably, infection and sepsis often develop in ARS cases, further increasing the release of DAMPs. Given that lethal sepsis stands as a major contributor to the mortality in ARS, DAMPs hold the potential to function as mediators, exacerbating radiation-induced organ injury and consequently worsening overall survival. This review describes the intricate mechanisms underlying radiation-induced release of DAMPs. Furthermore, it discusses the detrimental effects of DAMPs on the immune system and explores potential DAMP-targeting therapeutic strategies to alleviate radiation-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamaga
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Atsushi Murao
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Max Brenner
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Departments of Surgery and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
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Nofi CP, Tan C, Ma G, Kobritz M, Prince JM, Wang H, Aziz M, Wang P. A novel opsonic eCIRP inhibitor for lethal sepsis. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:385-400. [PMID: 37774691 PMCID: PMC10799304 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening inflammatory condition partly orchestrated by the release of various damage-associated molecular patterns such as extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP). Despite advances in understanding the pathogenic role of eCIRP in inflammatory diseases, novel therapeutic strategies to prevent its excessive inflammatory response are lacking. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-VIII (MFG-E8) is critical for the opsonic clearance of apoptotic cells, but its potential involvement in the removal of eCIRP was previously unknown. Here, we report that MFG-E8 can strongly bind eCIRP to facilitate αvβ3-integrin-dependent internalization and lysosome-dependent degradation of MFG-E8/eCIRP complexes, thereby attenuating excessive inflammation. Genetic disruption of MFG-E8 expression exaggerated sepsis-induced systemic accumulation of eCIRP and other cytokines, and consequently exacerbated sepsis-associated acute lung injury. In contrast, MFG-E8-derived oligopeptide recapitulated its eCIRP binding properties, and significantly attenuated eCIRP-induced inflammation to confer protection against sepsis. Our findings suggest a novel therapeutic approach to attenuate eCIRP-induced inflammation to improve outcomes of lethal sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen P Nofi
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY 11549, United States
| | - Chuyi Tan
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
| | - Gaifeng Ma
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
| | - Molly Kobritz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY 11549, United States
| | - Jose M Prince
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY 11549, United States
| | - Haichao Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY 11549, United States
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY 11549, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY 11549, United States
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY 11549, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY 11549, United States
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11
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Cicchinelli S, Pignataro G, Gemma S, Piccioni A, Picozzi D, Ojetti V, Franceschi F, Candelli M. PAMPs and DAMPs in Sepsis: A Review of Their Molecular Features and Potential Clinical Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:962. [PMID: 38256033 PMCID: PMC10815927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a serious organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated immune host reaction to a pathogen. The innate immunity is programmed to react immediately to conserved molecules, released by the pathogens (PAMPs), and the host (DAMPs). We aimed to review the molecular mechanisms of the early phases of sepsis, focusing on PAMPs, DAMPs, and their related pathways, to identify potential biomarkers. We included studies published in English and searched on PubMed® and Cochrane®. After a detailed discussion on the actual knowledge of PAMPs/DAMPs, we analyzed their role in the different organs affected by sepsis, trying to elucidate the molecular basis of some of the most-used prognostic scores for sepsis. Furthermore, we described a chronological trend for the release of PAMPs/DAMPs that may be useful to identify different subsets of septic patients, who may benefit from targeted therapies. These findings are preliminary since these pathways seem to be strongly influenced by the peculiar characteristics of different pathogens and host features. Due to these reasons, while initial findings are promising, additional studies are necessary to clarify the potential involvement of these molecular patterns in the natural evolution of sepsis and to facilitate their transition into the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cicchinelli
- Department of Emergency, S.S. Filippo e Nicola Hospital, 67051 Avezzano, Italy;
| | - Giulia Pignataro
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRRCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (S.G.); (A.P.); (D.P.); (V.O.); (F.F.)
| | - Stefania Gemma
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRRCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (S.G.); (A.P.); (D.P.); (V.O.); (F.F.)
| | - Andrea Piccioni
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRRCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (S.G.); (A.P.); (D.P.); (V.O.); (F.F.)
| | - Domitilla Picozzi
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRRCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (S.G.); (A.P.); (D.P.); (V.O.); (F.F.)
| | - Veronica Ojetti
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRRCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (S.G.); (A.P.); (D.P.); (V.O.); (F.F.)
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRRCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (S.G.); (A.P.); (D.P.); (V.O.); (F.F.)
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological and Reanimation Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli—IRRCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (G.P.); (S.G.); (A.P.); (D.P.); (V.O.); (F.F.)
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12
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Santacroce L, Topi S, Charitos IA, Lovero R, Luperto P, Palmirotta R, Jirillo E. Current Views about the Inflammatory Damage Triggered by Bacterial Superantigens and Experimental Attempts to Neutralize Superantigen-Mediated Toxic Effects with Natural and Biological Products. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024; 31:18-31. [PMID: 38251046 PMCID: PMC10801599 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology31010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Superantigens, i.e., staphylococcal enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1, interact with T cells in a different manner in comparison to conventional antigens. In fact, they activate a larger contingent of T lymphocytes, binding outside the peptide-binding groove of the major histocompatibility complex class II. Involvement of many T cells by superantigens leads to a massive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma. Such a storm of mediators has been shown to account for tissue damage, multiorgan failure and shock. Besides conventional drugs and biotherapeutics, experiments with natural and biological products have been undertaken to attenuate the toxic effects exerted by superantigens. In this review, emphasis will be placed on polyphenols, probiotics, beta-glucans and antimicrobial peptides. In fact, these substances share a common functional denominator, since they skew the immune response toward an anti-inflammatory profile, thus mitigating the cytokine wave evoked by superantigens. However, clinical applications of these products are still scarce, and more trials are needed to validate their usefulness in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Santacroce
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Skender Topi
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, University ‘Alexander Xhuvani’ of Elbasan, 3001 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Ioannis Alexandros Charitos
- Division of Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation, Maugeri Clinical Scientific Research Institutes (IRCCS) of Pavia—Scientific Institute of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Lovero
- Clinical Pathology Unit, AOU Policlinico Consorziale di Bari-Ospedale Giovanni XXIII, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele Palmirotta
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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13
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Kobritz M, Nofi C, Sfakianos M, Coppa G, Aziz M, Wang P. Targeting sting to reduce sepsis-induced acute intestinal injury. Surgery 2023; 174:1071-1077. [PMID: 37517896 PMCID: PMC10529857 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a dysregulated host response to infection syndrome leading to life-threatening organ dysfunction. Sepsis-induced intestinal dysfunction is a key element in the progression to multisystem organ failure. The stimulator of interferon genes is an intracellular protein implicated in intestinal injury in sepsis. H151, a small molecule inhibitor of stimulator of interferon genes, has not yet been studied as a potential therapeutic in sepsis. We hypothesize that H151 therapeutically reduces sepsis-induced acute intestinal injury. METHODS Male mice underwent cecal ligation and puncture and were treated with intraperitoneal H151 (10 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle. Intestines and serum were collected for analysis 20 hours after cecal ligation and puncture. Oral gavage of mice with FITC-dextran was performed 15 hours after cecal ligation and puncture. Five hours after gavage, serum was collected, and intestinal permeability was assessed. Mice were monitored for 10 days after cecal ligation and puncture to assess survival. RESULTS Zonula occludens 1 tight junctional protein expression was reduced after cecal ligation and puncture and recovered with H151 treatment. This was associated with a 62.3% reduction in intestinal permeability as assessed by fluorimetry. After cecal ligation and puncture, treatment with H151 was associated with a 58.7% reduction in intestinal histopathologic injury (P < .05) and a 56.6% reduction in intestinal apoptosis (P < .05). Intestinal myeloperoxidase activity was decreased by 70.8% after H151 treatment (P < .05). Finally, H151 improved 10-day survival from 33% to 80% after cecal ligation and puncture (P = .011). CONCLUSION H151, a novel stimulator of interferon genes inhibitor, reduces intestinal injury, inflammation, and permeability when administered as a treatment for cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis. Thus, targeting stimulator of interferon genes shows promise as a therapeutic strategy to ameliorate sepsis-induced acute intestinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Kobritz
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Colleen Nofi
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Maria Sfakianos
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Gene Coppa
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
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14
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Nong Y, Wei X, Yu D. Inflammatory mechanisms and intervention strategies for sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e860. [PMID: 37249297 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) is the leading cause of death in patients with sepsis in the intensive care units. The main manifestations of SIMD are systolic and diastolic dysfunctions of the myocardium. Despite our initial understanding of the SIMD over the past three decades, the incidence and mortality of SIMD remain high. This may be attributed to the large degree of heterogeneity among the initiating factors, disease processes, and host states involved in SIMD. Previously, organ dysfunction caused by sepsis was thought to be an impairment brought about by an excessive inflammatory response. However, many recent studies have shown that SIMD is a consequence of a combination of factors shaped by the inflammatory responses between the pathogen and the host. In this article, we review the mechanisms of the inflammatory responses and potential novel therapeutic strategies in SIMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Nong
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuebiao Wei
- Department of Geriatric Intensive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danqing Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Sepsis is a severe inflammatory disease syndrome caused by the dysregulated host response to infection. Neutrophils act as the first line of defense against pathogens by releasing effector molecules such as reactive oxygen species, myeloperoxidase, and neutrophil extracellular traps. However, uncontrolled activation of neutrophils and extensive release of effector molecules often cause a "friendly fire" to damage organ systems. Although neutrophils are considered a short-lived, terminally differentiated homogeneous population, recent studies have revealed its heterogeneity comprising different subsets or states implicated in sepsis pathophysiology. Besides the well-known N1 and N2 subsets of neutrophils, several new subsets including aged, antigen-presenting, reverse-migrated, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 + , low-density, olfactomedin 4 + , and Siglec-F + neutrophils have been reported. These neutrophils potentially contribute to the pathogenesis of sepsis based on their proinflammatory and immunosuppressive functions. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous molecules to induce inflammation by stimulating pattern recognition receptors on immune cells. Different kinds of DAMPs have been shown to contribute to sepsis pathophysiology, including extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein, high-mobility group box 1, extracellular histones, and heat shock proteins. In this review, we summarize the different subsets of neutrophils and their association with sepsis and discuss the novel roles of DAMPs on neutrophil heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Murao
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
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