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Marchetto A, Leidescher S, van Hoi T, Hirschberger N, Vogel F, Köhler S, Bedei IA, Axt-Fliedner R, Shoukier M, Keil C. Prenatal Diagnosis of Fryns Syndrome through Identification of Two Novel Splice Variants in the PIGN Gene-A Case Series. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:628. [PMID: 38792648 PMCID: PMC11122441 DOI: 10.3390/life14050628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Fryns syndrome (FS) is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome with different multisystemic malformations. These include congenital diaphragmatic hernia, pulmonary hypoplasia, and craniofacial dysmorphic features in combination with malformations of the central nervous system such as agenesis of the corpus callosum, cerebellar hypoplasia, and enlarged ventricles. We present a non-consanguineous northern European family with two recurrent cases of FS: a boy with multiple congenital malformations who died at the age of 2.5 months and a female fetus with a complex developmental disorder with similar features in a following pregnancy. Quad whole exome analysis revealed two likely splicing-affecting disease-causing mutations in the PIGN gene: a synonymous mutation c.2619G>A, p.(Leu873=) in the last nucleotide of exon 29 and a 30 bp-deletion c.996_1023+2del (NM_176787.5) protruding into intron 12, with both mutations in trans configuration in the affected patients. Exon skipping resulting from these two variants was confirmed via RNA sequencing. Our molecular and clinical findings identified compound heterozygosity for two novel splice-affecting variants as the underlying pathomechanism for the development of FS in two patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Marchetto
- Eurofins Humangenetik und Pränatal-Medizin MVZ GmbH, 80639 Munich, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Susanne Leidescher
- Eurofins Humangenetik und Pränatal-Medizin MVZ GmbH, 80639 Munich, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Theresia van Hoi
- Eurofins Humangenetik und Pränatal-Medizin MVZ GmbH, 80639 Munich, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Niklas Hirschberger
- Eurofins Humangenetik und Pränatal-Medizin MVZ GmbH, 80639 Munich, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Florian Vogel
- Eurofins Humangenetik und Pränatal-Medizin MVZ GmbH, 80639 Munich, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Siegmund Köhler
- Department of Prenatal Medicine and Fetal Therapy, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Ivonne Alexandra Bedei
- Department of Prenatal Medicine and Fetal Therapy, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Roland Axt-Fliedner
- Department of Prenatal Medicine and Fetal Therapy, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Moneef Shoukier
- Eurofins Humangenetik und Pränatal-Medizin MVZ GmbH, 80639 Munich, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Corinna Keil
- Department of Prenatal Medicine and Fetal Therapy, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
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Bayat A, Lindau T, Aledo-Serrano A, Gil-Nagel A, Barić I, Bartoniček D, Mateševac J, Ramadža DP, Žigman T, Pušeljić S, Dorner S, Bupp C, Devries S, Møller RS. GPI-anchoring disorders and the heart: Is cardiomyopathy an overlooked feature? Clin Genet 2023; 104:598-603. [PMID: 37489290 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchoring disorders (GPI-ADs) are a subgroup of congenital disorders of glycosylation. GPI biosynthesis requires proteins encoded by over 30 genes of which 24 genes are linked to neurodevelopmental disorders. Patients, especially those with PIGA-encephalopathy, have a high risk of premature mortality which sometimes is attributed to cardiomyopathy. We aimed to explore the occurrence of cardiomyopathy among patients with GPI-ADs and to raise awareness about this potentially lethal feature. Unpublished patients with genetically proven GPI-ADs and cardiomyopathy were identified through an international collaboration and recruited through the respective clinicians. We also reviewed the literature for published patients with cardiomyopathy and GPI-AD and contacted the corresponding authors for additional information. We identified four novel and unrelated patients with GPI-AD and cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyopathy was diagnosed before adulthood and was the cause of early demise in two patients. Only one patients underwent cardiac workup after being diagnosed with a GPI-AD. All were diagnosed with PIGA-encephalopathy and three had a disease-causing variant at the same residue. The literature reports five additional children with GPI-AD related cardiomyopathy, three of which died before adulthood. We have shown that patients with GPI-ADs are at risk of developing cardiomyopathy and that regular cardiac workup with echocardiography is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Bayat
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tobias Lindau
- Department of General Pediatrics, Gemeinschaftsklinikum Mittelrhein, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Angel Aledo-Serrano
- Epilepsy Program, Neurology Department, Hospital Ruber Internacional, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Gil-Nagel
- Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Ruber Internacional, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivo Barić
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Josipa Mateševac
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danijela Petković Ramadža
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamara Žigman
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Silvija Pušeljić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Sanja Dorner
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Center Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Caleb Bupp
- Medical Genetics and Genomics at Corewell Health and Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Seth Devries
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Rikke Steensbjerre Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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3
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Loong L, Tardivo A, Knaus A, Hashim M, Pagnamenta AT, Alt K, Böhrer-Rabel H, Caro-Llopis A, Cole T, Distelmaier F, Edery P, Ferreira CR, Jezela-Stanek A, Kerr B, Kluger G, Krawitz PM, Kuhn M, Lemke JR, Lesca G, Lynch SA, Martinez F, Maxton C, Mierzewska H, Monfort S, Nicolai J, Orellana C, Pal DK, Płoski R, Quarrell OW, Rosello M, Rydzanicz M, Sabir A, Śmigiel R, Stegmann APA, Stewart H, Stumpel C, Szczepanik E, Tzschach A, Wolfe L, Taylor JC, Murakami Y, Kinoshita T, Bayat A, Kini U. Biallelic variants in PIGN cause Fryns syndrome, multiple congenital anomalies-hypotonia-seizures syndrome, and neurologic phenotypes: A genotype-phenotype correlation study. Genet Med 2023; 25:37-48. [PMID: 36322149 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Biallelic PIGN variants have been described in Fryns syndrome, multiple congenital anomalies-hypotonia-seizure syndrome (MCAHS), and neurologic phenotypes. The full spectrum of clinical manifestations in relation to the genotypes is yet to be reported. METHODS Genotype and phenotype data were collated and analyzed for 61 biallelic PIGN cases: 21 new and 40 previously published cases. Functional analysis was performed for 2 recurrent variants (c.2679C>G p.Ser893Arg and c.932T>G p.Leu311Trp). RESULTS Biallelic-truncating variants were detected in 16 patients-10 with Fryns syndrome, 1 with MCAHS1, 2 with Fryns syndrome/MCAHS1, and 3 with neurologic phenotype. There was an increased risk of prenatal or neonatal death within this group (6 deaths were in utero or within 2 months of life; 6 pregnancies were terminated). Incidence of polyhydramnios, congenital anomalies (eg, diaphragmatic hernia), and dysmorphism was significantly increased. Biallelic missense or mixed genotype were reported in the remaining 45 cases-32 showed a neurologic phenotype and 12 had MCAHS1. No cases of diaphragmatic hernia or abdominal wall defects were seen in this group except patient 1 in which we found the missense variant p.Ser893Arg to result in functionally null alleles, suggesting the possibility of an undescribed functionally important region in the final exon. For all genotypes, there was complete penetrance for developmental delay and near-complete penetrance for seizures and hypotonia in patients surviving the neonatal period. CONCLUSION We have expanded the described spectrum of phenotypes and natural history associated with biallelic PIGN variants. Our study shows that biallelic-truncating variants usually result in the more severe Fryns syndrome phenotype, but neurologic problems, such as developmental delay, seizures, and hypotonia, present across all genotypes. Functional analysis should be considered when the genotypes do not correlate with the predicted phenotype because there may be other functionally important regions in PIGN that are yet to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Loong
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Agostina Tardivo
- National Center of Medical Genetics, National Administration of Health Laboratories and Institutes, National Ministry of Health, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alexej Knaus
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mona Hashim
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair T Pagnamenta
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kerstin Alt
- Genetikum, Center for Human Genetics, Neu-Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Alfonso Caro-Llopis
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Trevor Cole
- West Midlands Clinical Genetics Unit, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS FT and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Distelmaier
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Edery
- Department of Medical Genetics, Lyon University Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Carlos R Ferreira
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Aleksandra Jezela-Stanek
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bronwyn Kerr
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter M Krawitz
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marius Kuhn
- Genetikum, Center for Human Genetics, Neu-Ulm, Germany
| | - Johannes R Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Department of Medical Genetics, Lyon University Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Sally Ann Lynch
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Health Ireland (CHI) at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Francisco Martinez
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Hanna Mierzewska
- Clinic of Pediatric Neurology, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sandra Monfort
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joost Nicolai
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen Orellana
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Deb K Pal
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rafał Płoski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Oliver W Quarrell
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Rosello
- Unidad de Genética, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Ataf Sabir
- West Midlands Clinical Genetics Unit, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS FT and Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Śmigiel
- Division Pediatric Propedeutics and Rare Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Alexander P A Stegmann
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Helen Stewart
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Constance Stumpel
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Elżbieta Szczepanik
- Clinic of Pediatric Neurology, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andreas Tzschach
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lynne Wolfe
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jenny C Taylor
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yoshiko Murakami
- Yabumoto Department of Intractable Disease Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taroh Kinoshita
- Yabumoto Department of Intractable Disease Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Allan Bayat
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark; Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Usha Kini
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Asegaonkar P, Kotecha U, Dongre M, Mistri M, Sharda S. Expanding the spectrum of ADNP-related disorder-Antenatally diagnosed congenital diaphragmatic hernia and a novel de novo mutation in ADNP gene. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:275-279. [PMID: 36321748 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
De novo heterozygous ADNP variants have been associated with a complex neurological phenotype characterized primarily by neurodevelopmental delay. Cardiac and renal anomalies have additionally been observed in a few patients. All reported cases to date have been ascertained postnatally. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has been previously observed in one child diagnosed with a de novo ADNP-related neurodevelopmental disorder. We report a fetus who presented with syndromic CDH associated with a de novo heterozygous ADNP variant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mehul Mistri
- Neuberg Centre for Genomic Medicine, Ahmedabad, India
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Vo Ngoc LDT, Osei R, Dohr K, Olsen C, Seneca S, Gheldof A. EDIR: exome database of interspersed repeats. Bioinformatics 2022; 39:6858440. [PMID: 36453866 PMCID: PMC9805566 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Intragenic exonic deletions are known to contribute to genetic diseases and are often flanked by regions of homology. RESULTS In order to get a more clear view of these interspersed repeats encompassing a coding sequence, we have developed EDIR (Exome Database of Interspersed Repeats) which contains the positions of these structures within the human exome. EDIR has been calculated by an inductive strategy, rather than by a brute force approach and can be queried through an R/Bioconductor package or a web interface allowing the per-gene rapid extraction of homology-flanked sequences throughout the exome. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The code used to compile EDIR can be found at https://github.com/lauravongoc/EDIR. The full dataset of EDIR can be queried via an Rshiny application at http://193.70.34.71:3857/edir/. The R package for querying EDIR is called 'EDIRquery' and is available on Bioconductor. The full EDIR dataset can be downloaded from https://osf.io/m3gvx/ or http://193.70.34.71/EDIR.tar.gz. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D T Vo Ngoc
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Clinical Sciences, Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Centre for Medical Genetics, Brussels 1090, Belgium
| | - Randy Osei
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Clinical Sciences, Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Centre for Medical Genetics, Brussels 1090, Belgium
| | - Katrin Dohr
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Research Unit of Analytical Mass Spectrometry, Cell Biology and Biochemistry of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Catharina Olsen
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Clinical Sciences, Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Centre for Medical Genetics, Brussels 1090, Belgium,Brussels Interuniversity Genomics High Throughput Core (BRIGHTcore), VUB-ULB, Brussels 1090, Belgium,Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels (IB)2, VUB-ULB, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Sara Seneca
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Clinical Sciences, Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Centre for Medical Genetics, Brussels 1090, Belgium
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Bukowska-Olech E, Glista F, Dinwiddie A, Pepler A, Jamsheer A. Rare multiple congenital anomalies-hypotonia-seizures syndrome type 1 (MCAHS1) - the clinical and molecular summary. Eur J Med Genet 2022; 66:104668. [PMID: 36384198 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Multiple congenital anomalies-hypotonia-seizures syndrome type 1 (MCAHS1) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disease belonging to glycosylphosphatidylinositols biosynthesis defects (GPIBD), a group of recessive disorders characterized by intellectual disability, hypotonia, and seizures. Glycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs) are glycolipids that anchor and remodel cell proteins. These processes are highly conserved and fundamental in the metabolism of all eukaryotes, including humans. Here, we have reported a male patient presenting with hypotonia, intellectual disability, and epilepsy, who underwent whole exome sequencing (WES). The analysis revealed the presence of two deleterious variants in PIGN that encodes GPI ethanolamine phosphate transferase-1 - one novel (c.1247_1251delAAGTG; p.Glu416Glyfs*22), and one that has been previously reported in the medical literature (c.1434+5G>A) resulting in MCAHS1. The detailed clinical assessment followed by the medical literature review also pointed out transient macrosomia and unreported in MCAHS1 advanced bone age and postnatal tall stature. These symptoms suggest that MCAHS1 shares a phenotypic overlap with disorders associated with overgrowth. To conclude, our case report and summary of the medical literature may be helpful for clinicians and geneticists who diagnose patients presenting with hypotonia accompanied by tall stature, advanced bone age, and transient macrosomia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filip Glista
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan, Poland
| | | | | | - Aleksander Jamsheer
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan, Poland; Centers for Medical Genetics GENESIS, Poznan, Poland.
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PIGN-Related Disease in Two Lithuanian Families: A Report of Two Novel Pathogenic Variants, Molecular and Clinical Characterisation. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58111526. [PMID: 36363484 PMCID: PMC9693321 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Pathogenic variants of PIGN are a known cause of multiple congenital anomalies-hypotonia-seizures syndrome 1 (MCAHS1). Many affected individuals have clinical features overlapping with Fryns syndrome and are mainly characterised by developmental delay, congenital anomalies, hypotonia, seizures, and specific minor facial anomalies. This study investigates the clinical and molecular data of three individuals from two unrelated families, the clinical features of which were consistent with a diagnosis of MCAHS1. Materials and Methods: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology was used to identify the changes in the DNA sequence. Sanger sequencing of gDNA of probands and their parents was used for validation and segregation analysis. Bioinformatics tools were used to investigate the consequences of pathogenic or likely pathogenic PIGN variants at the protein sequence and structure level. Results: The analysis of NGS data and segregation analysis revealed a compound heterozygous NM_176787.5:c.[1942G>T];[1247_1251del] PIGN genotype in family 1 and NG_033144.1(NM_176787.5):c.[932T>G];[1674+1G>C] PIGN genotype in family 2. In silico, c.1942G>T (p.(Glu648Ter)), c.1247_1251del (p.(Glu416GlyfsTer22)), and c.1674+1G>C (p.(Glu525AspfsTer68)) variants are predicted to result in a premature termination codon that leads to truncated and functionally disrupted protein causing the phenotype of MCAHS1 in the affected individuals. Conclusions: PIGN-related disease represents a wide spectrum of phenotypic features, making clinical diagnosis inaccurate and complicated. The genetic testing of every individual with this phenotype provides new insights into the origin and development of the disease.
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Bayat A, de Valles-Ibáñez G, Pendziwiat M, Knaus A, Alt K, Biamino E, Bley A, Calvert S, Carney P, Caro-Llopis A, Ceulemans B, Cousin J, Davis S, des Portes V, Edery P, England E, Ferreira C, Freeman J, Gener B, Gorce M, Heron D, Hildebrand MS, Jezela-Stanek A, Jouk PS, Keren B, Kloth K, Kluger G, Kuhn M, Lemke JR, Li H, Martinez F, Maxton C, Mefford HC, Merla G, Mierzewska H, Muir A, Monfort S, Nicolai J, Norman J, O'Grady G, Oleksy B, Orellana C, Orec LE, Peinhardt C, Pronicka E, Rosello M, Santos-Simarro F, Schwaibold EMC, Stegmann APA, Stumpel CT, Szczepanik E, Terczyńska I, Thevenon J, Tzschach A, Van Bogaert P, Vittorini R, Walsh S, Weckhuysen S, Weissman B, Wolfe L, Reymond A, De Nittis P, Poduri A, Olson H, Striano P, Lesca G, Scheffer IE, Møller RS, Sadleir LG. PIGN encephalopathy: Characterizing the epileptology. Epilepsia 2022; 63:974-991. [PMID: 35179230 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epilepsy is common in patients with PIGN diseases due to biallelic variants; however, limited epilepsy phenotyping data have been reported. We describe the epileptology of PIGN encephalopathy. METHODS We recruited patients with epilepsy due to biallelic PIGN variants and obtained clinical data regarding age at seizure onset/offset and semiology, development, medical history, examination, electroencephalogram, neuroimaging, and treatment. Seizure and epilepsy types were classified. RESULTS Twenty six patients (13 female) from 26 families were identified, with mean age 7 years (range = 1 month to 21 years; three deceased). Abnormal development at seizure onset was present in 25 of 26. Developmental outcome was most frequently profound (14/26) or severe (11/26). Patients presented with focal motor (12/26), unknown onset motor (5/26), focal impaired awareness (1/26), absence (2/26), myoclonic (2/26), myoclonic-atonic (1/26), and generalized tonic-clonic (2/26) seizures. Twenty of 26 were classified as developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE): 55% (11/20) focal DEE, 30% (6/20) generalized DEE, and 15% (3/20) combined DEE. Six had intellectual disability and epilepsy (ID+E): two generalized and four focal epilepsy. Mean age at seizure onset was 13 months (birth to 10 years), with a lower mean onset in DEE (7 months) compared with ID+E (33 months). Patients with DEE had drug-resistant epilepsy, compared to 4/6 ID+E patients, who were seizure-free. Hyperkinetic movement disorder occurred in 13 of 26 patients. Twenty-seven of 34 variants were novel. Variants were truncating (n = 7), intronic and predicted to affect splicing (n = 7), and missense or inframe indels (n = 20, of which 11 were predicted to affect splicing). Seven variants were recurrent, including p.Leu311Trp in 10 unrelated patients, nine with generalized seizures, accounting for nine of the 11 patients in this cohort with generalized seizures. SIGNIFICANCE PIGN encephalopathy is a complex autosomal recessive disorder associated with a wide spectrum of epilepsy phenotypes, typically with substantial profound to severe developmental impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Bayat
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
| | | | - Manuela Pendziwiat
- Department of Neuropediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian Albrecht University, Kiel, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian Albrecht University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexej Knaus
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Elisa Biamino
- Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Annette Bley
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Center for Rare Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sophie Calvert
- Department of Neurosciences, Queensland Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Patrick Carney
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Berten Ceulemans
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Janice Cousin
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Suzanne Davis
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Patrick Edery
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Eleina England
- Center for Mendelian Genomics, Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carlos Ferreira
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeremy Freeman
- Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Blanca Gener
- Department of Genetics, Cruces University Hospital, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | - Delphine Heron
- Department of Genetics, Intellectual Disability and Autism Clinical Research Group, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Public Hospital Network of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Michael S Hildebrand
- Royal Children's Hospital, Florey institute and Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Epilepsy Research Centre, Department of Medicine (Austin Health), University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aleksandra Jezela-Stanek
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pierre-Simon Jouk
- Inserm U1209, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital Center, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Boris Keren
- Department of Genetics, Intellectual Disability and Autism Clinical Research Group, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Public Hospital Network of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Katja Kloth
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Johannes R Lemke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Center for Rare Diseases, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hong Li
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Francisco Martinez
- Genomics Unit, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Heather C Mefford
- Center for Pediatric Neurological Disease Research, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St, Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Giuseppe Merla
- Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Hanna Mierzewska
- Department of Mother and Child Neurology, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alison Muir
- Center for Pediatric Neurological Disease Research, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St, Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sandra Monfort
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost Nicolai
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Gina O'Grady
- Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Barbara Oleksy
- Department of Child and Adolescent Neurology, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carmen Orellana
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Elena Orec
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Pediatric Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Ewa Pronicka
- Department of Medical Genetics, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monica Rosello
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Alexander P A Stegmann
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Constance T Stumpel
- Department of Clinical Genetics and School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Elzbieta Szczepanik
- Department of Child and Adolescent Neurology, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Terczyńska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Julien Thevenon
- Department of Genetics, University of Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Andreas Tzschach
- Institute of Clinical Genetics, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Roberta Vittorini
- Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Sonja Walsh
- Institute of Clinical Genetics, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sarah Weckhuysen
- Neurology Department, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Applied and Translational Genomics Group, Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Barbara Weissman
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Pediatric Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lynne Wolfe
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexandre Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Annapurna Poduri
- Epilepsy Genetics Program, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Heather Olson
- Epilepsy Genetics Program, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Gaetan Lesca
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ingrid E Scheffer
- Royal Children's Hospital, Florey institute and Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Departments of Medicine and Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Lynette G Sadleir
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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9
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Bendixen C, Brosens E, Chung WK. Genetic Diagnostic Strategies and Counseling for Families Affected by Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2021; 31:472-481. [PMID: 34911129 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a relatively common and severe birth defect with variable clinical outcome and associated malformations in up to 60% of patients. Mortality and morbidity remain high despite advances in pre-, intra-, and postnatal management. We review the current literature and give an overview about the genetics of CDH to provide guidelines for clinicians with respect to genetic diagnostics and counseling for families. Until recently, the common practice was (molecular) karyotyping or chromosome microarray if the CDH diagnosis is made prenatally with a 10% diagnostic yield. Undiagnosed patients can be reflexed to trio exome/genome sequencing with an additional diagnostic yield of 10 to 20%. Even with a genetic diagnosis, there can be a range of clinical outcomes. All families with a child with CDH with or without additional malformations should be offered genetic counseling and testing in a family-based trio approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bendixen
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Erwin Brosens
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wendy Kay Chung
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
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10
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Delanne J, Bruel AL, Huet F, Moutton S, Nambot S, Grisval M, Houcinat N, Kuentz P, Sorlin A, Callier P, Jean-Marcais N, Mosca-Boidron AL, Mau-Them FT, Denommé-Pichon AS, Vitobello A, Lehalle D, El Chehadeh S, Francannet C, Lebrun M, Lambert L, Jacquemont ML, Gerard-Blanluet M, Alessandri JL, Willems M, Thevenon J, Chouchane M, Darmency V, Fatus-Fauconnier C, Gay S, Bournez M, Masurel A, Leguy V, Duffourd Y, Philippe C, Feillet F, Faivre L, Thauvin-Robinet C. The diagnostic rate of inherited metabolic disorders by exome sequencing in a cohort of 547 individuals with developmental disorders. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2021; 29:100812. [PMID: 34712575 PMCID: PMC8528787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2021.100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering that some Inherited Metabolic Disorders (IMDs) can be diagnosed in patients with no distinctive clinical features of IMDs, we aimed to evaluate the power of exome sequencing (ES) to diagnose IMDs within a cohort of 547 patients with unspecific developmental disorders (DD). IMDs were diagnosed in 12% of individuals with causative diagnosis (177/547). There are clear benefits of using ES in DD to diagnose IMD, particularly in cases where biochemical studies are unavailable. Synopsis Exome sequencing and diagnostic rate of Inherited Metabolic Disorders in individuals with developmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Delanne
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,CHU Dijon, Centre de référence maladies rares Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Génétique, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Ange-Line Bruel
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique dans les maladies rares, Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique moléculaire, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Frédéric Huet
- Centre de Compétence Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Sébastien Moutton
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,CHU Dijon, Centre de référence maladies rares Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Génétique, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Sophie Nambot
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,CHU Dijon, Centre de référence maladies rares Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Génétique, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Margot Grisval
- Centre de Compétence Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Nada Houcinat
- CHU Dijon, Centre de référence maladies rares Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Génétique, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Paul Kuentz
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique dans les maladies rares, Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique moléculaire, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,Biologie moléculaire, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Arthur Sorlin
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,CHU Dijon, Centre de référence maladies rares Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Génétique, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique dans les maladies rares, Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique moléculaire, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Patrick Callier
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,Laboratoire de cytogénétique et génétique moléculaire, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Nolwenn Jean-Marcais
- CHU Dijon, Centre de référence maladies rares Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Génétique, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | | | - Frédéric Tran Mau-Them
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique dans les maladies rares, Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique moléculaire, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique dans les maladies rares, Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique moléculaire, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Antonio Vitobello
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique dans les maladies rares, Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique moléculaire, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Daphné Lehalle
- CHU Dijon, Centre de référence maladies rares Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Génétique, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Salima El Chehadeh
- CHU Dijon, Centre de référence maladies rares Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Génétique, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Christine Francannet
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de causes rares, CHU Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Marine Lebrun
- Laboratoire de génétique, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Marie-Line Jacquemont
- Unité de Génétique Médicale, Pole Femme-Mère-Enfant, Groupe Hospitalier Sud Réunion, CHU de La Réunion, La Réunion, France
| | | | - Jean-Luc Alessandri
- Service de Réanimation Néonatale, Pole Femme-Mère-Enfant, CH Felix Guyon, CHU de La Réunion, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France
| | - Marjolaine Willems
- Department of Medical Genetics, Reference Center for Rare Diseases, Developmental Disorders and Multiple Congenital Anomalies, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Julien Thevenon
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,CHU Dijon, Centre de référence maladies rares Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Génétique, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique dans les maladies rares, Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique moléculaire, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Mondher Chouchane
- Centre de Compétence Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Véronique Darmency
- Centre de Compétence Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | | | - Sébastien Gay
- Service de Pédiatrie, CH William Morey, Chalon-Sur-Saône, France
| | - Marie Bournez
- Centre de Compétence Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Alice Masurel
- CHU Dijon, Centre de référence maladies rares Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Génétique, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Vanessa Leguy
- Centre de Compétence Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Yannis Duffourd
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique dans les maladies rares, Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique moléculaire, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Christophe Philippe
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique dans les maladies rares, Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique moléculaire, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - François Feillet
- Department of Medical Genetics, Reference Center for Rare Diseases, Developmental Disorders and Multiple Congenital Anomalies, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,CHU Dijon, Centre de référence maladies rares Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Centre de Génétique, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique dans les maladies rares, Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique moléculaire, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- INSERM - University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1231 GAD Team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,Unité Fonctionnelle d'Innovation diagnostique dans les maladies rares, Laboratoire de Génétique chromosomique moléculaire, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France.,Centre de référence maladies rares Déficiences Intellectuelles de causes rares, Centre de Génétique, FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
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11
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De Giorgis V, Paoletti M, Varesio C, Gana S, Rognone E, Dallavalle G, Papalia G, Pichiecchio A. Novel insights into the clinico-radiological spectrum of phenotypes associated to PIGN mutations. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2021; 33:21-28. [PMID: 34051595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Autosomic recessive mutations in the PIGN gene have been described in less than 30 subjects to date, in whom multiple congenital anomalies combined with severe developmental delay, hypotonia, epileptic encephalopathy, and cerebellar atrophy have been described as crucial features. A clear-cut neuroradiological characterization of this entity, however, is still lacking. We aim to present three pediatric PIGN mutated cases with an in-depth evaluation of their brain abnormalities. METHODS We present the neuroradiological, clinical, and genetic characterization of three Caucasian pediatric subjects with pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in the PIGN gene revealed by Next Generation Sequencing analysis. RESULTS We identified three subjects (two siblings, one unrelated case) presenting with encephalopathy with early-onset epilepsy, hypotonia, and severe global developmental delay. No additional severe multiple congenital anomalies were detected. Neuroradiological evaluation showed extensive quantitative reduction of white matter, severe and progressive cortical atrophy, with frontal predominance and an anteroposterior gradient, combined with cerebellar and brainstem atrophy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings broaden and systematize the neuroradiological spectrum of abnormalities in PIGN related encephalopathy. Furthermore, our dataset confirms that mutations in PIGN gene appear to be pan-ethnic and represent an underestimated cause of early-onset encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina De Giorgis
- Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Paoletti
- Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center, Neuroradiology Department, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Costanza Varesio
- Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Simone Gana
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Rognone
- Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center, Neuroradiology Department, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Dallavalle
- Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Grazia Papalia
- Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Pichiecchio
- Advanced Imaging and Radiomics Center, Neuroradiology Department, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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12
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Kosinski P, Greczan M, Jezela-Stanek A. Diaphragmatic Hernia as a Prenatal Feature of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Biosynthesis Defects and the Overlap With Fryns Syndrome - Literature Review. Front Genet 2021; 12:674722. [PMID: 34163527 PMCID: PMC8215573 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.674722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fryns syndrome is an autosomal recessive multiple congenital anomaly syndrome, with diaphragmatic defects and secondary lung hypoplasia as cardinal features. Despite it was reported first in 1979, its exact etiology has not been established to date. With this review, we would like to draw attention to the prenatal presentation of multiple congenital anomalies syndromes, resulting from defects in the synthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors, to be considered in a prenatal assessment of fetuses with DH and Fryns-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemyslaw Kosinski
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Milena Greczan
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition, and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Jezela-Stanek
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Sun L, Yang X, Xu Y, Sun S, Wu Q. Prenatal diagnosis of familial recessive PIGN mutation associated with multiple anomalies: A case report. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2021; 60:530-533. [PMID: 33966742 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2021.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We present a novel homozygous splice site mutation in the PIGN gene identified by whole exome sequencing and explored the genotype-phenotype correlation. CASE REPORT A healthy 32-year-old woman underwent an ultrasound at 13 + 5 weeks of gestation. The ultrasound revealed multiple anomalies again including cystic hygroma, omphalocele and a ventricular septal defect. The pregnancy was subsequently terminated, and whole exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous splice site mutation in the PIGN gene c.963 G > A (p.Gln321Gln). The same variant was also detected by pedigree-based Sanger sequencing in both parents as heterozygous, while they had normal karyotypes. CONCLUSION Our case report enhances the phenotype-genotype correlation associated with homozygous loss of function mutations in the PIGN gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Yang
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, PR China
| | - Yasong Xu
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, PR China
| | - Shiyu Sun
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, PR China
| | - Qichang Wu
- Center of Prenatal Diagnosis, Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, PR China.
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14
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Okuda T, Yonekawa T, Murakami Y, Kinoshita T, Ito T, Matsushita K, Koike Y, Inoue M, Uchida K, Yodoya N, Ohashi H, Sawada H, Iwamoto S, Mitani Y, Hirayama M.
PIGO
variants in a boy with features of Mabry syndrome who also exhibits Fryns syndrome with peripheral neuropathy. Am J Med Genet A 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taro Okuda
- Department of Pediatrics Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Mie Japan
| | - Takahiro Yonekawa
- Department of Pediatrics Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Mie Japan
| | - Yoshiko Murakami
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center Osaka University Osaka Japan
| | - Taroh Kinoshita
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases and World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center Osaka University Osaka Japan
| | - Takahiro Ito
- Department of Pediatrics Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Mie Japan
| | - Kohei Matsushita
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Mie Japan
| | - Yuhki Koike
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Mie Japan
| | - Mikihiro Inoue
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Mie Japan
| | - Keiichi Uchida
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Mie Japan
| | - Noriko Yodoya
- Department of Pediatrics Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Mie Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ohashi
- Department of Pediatrics Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Mie Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sawada
- Department of Pediatrics Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Mie Japan
| | - Shotaro Iwamoto
- Department of Pediatrics Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Mie Japan
| | - Yoshihide Mitani
- Department of Pediatrics Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Mie Japan
| | - Masahiro Hirayama
- Department of Pediatrics Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Mie Japan
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15
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PIGF deficiency causes a phenotype overlapping with DOORS syndrome. Hum Genet 2021; 140:879-884. [PMID: 33386993 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-020-02251-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
DOORS syndrome is characterized by deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, intellectual disability, and seizures. In this study, we report two unrelated individuals with DOORS syndrome without deafness. Exome sequencing revealed a homozygous missense variant in PIGF (NM_173074.3:c.515C>G, p.Pro172Arg) in both. We demonstrate impaired glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) biosynthesis through flow cytometry analysis. We thus describe the causal role of a novel disease gene, PIGF, in DOORS syndrome and highlight the overlap between this condition and GPI deficiency disorders. For each gene implicated in DOORS syndrome and/or inherited GPI deficiencies, there is considerable clinical variability so a high index of suspicion is warranted even though not all features are noted.
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16
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Bayat A, Kløvgaard M, Johannesen KM, Barakat TS, Kievit A, Montomoli M, Parrini E, Pietrafusa N, Schelhaas J, van Slegtenhorst M, Miya K, Guerrini R, Tranebjærg L, Tümer Z, Rubboli G, Møller RS. Deciphering the premature mortality in PIGA-CDG - An untold story. Epilepsy Res 2020; 170:106530. [PMID: 33508693 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) due to a defective phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class A protein (PIGA) is a severe X-linked developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Seizures are often treatment refractory, and patients have intellectual disability and global developmental delay. Previous reports have suggested that patients with PIGA-CDG have a high risk of premature mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the observed high mortality and the causes of death in PIGA-CDG patients. METHODS We reviewed the literature and collected additional unpublished patients through an international network. RESULTS In total, we reviewed the data of 88 patients of whom 30 patients born alive were deceased, and the overall mortality before the age of 20 years was 30 % (26/88). Age at death ranged from 15 days to 48 years of life. The median age at death was two years and more than half of the patients deceased in early childhood. The PIGA-specific mortality rate/1000 person-years was 44.9/1000 person-years (95 %, CI 31.4-64.3). There were no cases of definite or probable sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) and half of the patients died due to respiratory failure (15/30, 50 %) or possible SUDEP (3/30, 10 %). Three patients (10 %) died from severe cardiomyopathy, liver failure and gastrointestinal bleeding, respectively. The cause of death was unclassified in nine patients (30 %). Autopsies were rarely performed and the true cause of death remains unknown for the majority of patients. SIGNIFICANCE Our data indicate an increased risk of premature death in patients with PIGA-CDG when compared to most monogenic developmental and epileptic encephalopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Bayat
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; Department for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Marius Kløvgaard
- The Epilepsy Clinic, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katrine M Johannesen
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; Department for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tahsin Stefan Barakat
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anneke Kievit
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martino Montomoli
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Parrini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Nicola Pietrafusa
- Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Jurgen Schelhaas
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), the Netherlands
| | - Marjon van Slegtenhorst
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kazushi Miya
- Department of Educational Sciences (Human Development and Welfare Course), University of Toyama, Faculty of Human Development, Toyama, Japan
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisbeth Tranebjærg
- Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zeynep Tümer
- Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Guido Rubboli
- Department for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; Department for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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17
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Cody JD. The Consequences of Abnormal Gene Dosage: Lessons from Chromosome 18. Trends Genet 2020; 36:764-776. [PMID: 32660784 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Accurate interpretation of genomic copy number variation (CNV) remains a challenge and has important consequences for both congenital and late-onset disease. Hemizygosity dosage characterization of the genes on chromosome 18 reveals a spectrum of outcomes ranging from no clinical effect, to risk factors for disease, to both low- and high-penetrance disease. These data are important for accurate and predictive clinical management. Additionally, the potential mechanisms of reduced penetrance due to dosage compensation are discussed as a key to understanding avenues for potential treatment. This review describes the chromosome 18 findings, and discusses the molecular mechanisms that allow haploinsufficiency, reduced penetrance, and dosage compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannine DeMars Cody
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Chromosome 18 Registry and Research Society, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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18
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Gouronc A, Zilliox V, Jacquemont M, Darcel F, Leuvrey A, Nourisson E, Antin M, Alessandri J, Doray B, Gueguen P, Payet F, Randrianaivo H, Stoetzel C, Scheidecker S, Flodrops H, Dollfus H, Muller J. High prevalence of
Bardet‐Biedl
syndrome in
La Réunion
Island
is due to a founder variant in
ARL6/BBS3. Clin Genet 2020; 98:166-171. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Gouronc
- Laboratoires de Diagnostic GénétiqueHôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Vincent Zilliox
- Unité Fonctionnelle de Bioinformatique Médicale appliquée au diagnostic (UF7363)Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | | | - Françoise Darcel
- Service des Maladies Neurologiques RaresGHSR, CHU de La Réunion Saint Pierre La Réunion France
| | - Anne‐Sophie Leuvrey
- Laboratoires de Diagnostic GénétiqueHôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Elsa Nourisson
- Laboratoires de Diagnostic GénétiqueHôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Manuela Antin
- Laboratoires de Diagnostic GénétiqueHôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Jean‐Luc Alessandri
- Pole Femme‐Mère‐Enfants, CH Félix GuyonCHU de La Réunion Saint‐Denis La Réunion France
| | - Bérénice Doray
- Service de Génétique, CH Félix GuyonCHU de La Réunion Saint‐Denis La Réunion France
| | - Paul Gueguen
- Service de Génétique, CH Félix GuyonCHU de La Réunion Saint‐Denis La Réunion France
| | - Frédérique Payet
- Service de Génétique, CH Félix GuyonCHU de La Réunion Saint‐Denis La Réunion France
| | | | - Corinne Stoetzel
- Laboratoire de Génétique MédicaleINSERM, UMRS_1112, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace (IGMA), Université de Strasbourg Faculté de médecine de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Sophie Scheidecker
- Laboratoires de Diagnostic GénétiqueHôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
- Laboratoire de Génétique MédicaleINSERM, UMRS_1112, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace (IGMA), Université de Strasbourg Faculté de médecine de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Hugues Flodrops
- Service de Pédiatrie, GHSRCHU de La Réunion Saint Pierre La Réunion France
| | - Hélène Dollfus
- Laboratoire de Génétique MédicaleINSERM, UMRS_1112, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace (IGMA), Université de Strasbourg Faculté de médecine de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
- Centre de Référence pour les affections rares en génétique ophtalmologique, CARGO, Filière SENSGENEHôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
- Service de Génétique MédicaleInstitut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
| | - Jean Muller
- Laboratoires de Diagnostic GénétiqueHôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
- Unité Fonctionnelle de Bioinformatique Médicale appliquée au diagnostic (UF7363)Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
- Laboratoire de Génétique MédicaleINSERM, UMRS_1112, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace (IGMA), Université de Strasbourg Faculté de médecine de Strasbourg Strasbourg France
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19
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Jezela-Stanek A, Mierzewska H, Szczepanik E. Vertical nystagmus as a feature of PIGN-related glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defects. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2020; 196:106033. [PMID: 32585529 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.106033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Vertical nystagmus is a known clinical feature, is however rarely observed in a specific neurodevelopmental disorder. Based on our experience with Polish patients with glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defects (GPIBD) due to PIGN variants, supported by literature review, we have verified the clinical significance of this feature in PIGN-related disorder. We hope to underline the clinical implication of vertical nystagmus in the evaluation of patients with developmental encephalopathy with epilepsy, which may accelerate the neurological diagnosis process by orientating it towards PIGN-GPIBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jezela-Stanek
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Hanna Mierzewska
- Clinic of Paediatric Neurology, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Szczepanik
- Clinic of Paediatric Neurology, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
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20
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Wu T, Yin F, Guang S, He F, Yang L, Peng J. The Glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis pathway in human diseases. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:129. [PMID: 32466763 PMCID: PMC7254680 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defects cause rare genetic disorders characterised by developmental delay/intellectual disability, seizures, dysmorphic features, and diverse congenital anomalies associated with a wide range of additional features (hypotonia, hearing loss, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and several other features). Glycosylphosphatidylinositol functions as an anchor to link cell membranes and protein. These proteins function as enzymes, adhesion molecules, complement regulators, or co-receptors in signal transduction pathways. Biallelic variants involved in the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored proteins biosynthetic pathway are responsible for a growing number of disorders, including multiple congenital anomalies-hypotonia-seizures syndrome; hyperphosphatasia with mental retardation syndrome/Mabry syndrome; coloboma, congenital heart disease, ichthyosiform dermatosis, mental retardation, and ear anomalies/epilepsy syndrome; and early infantile epileptic encephalopathy-55. This review focuses on the current understanding of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defects and the associated genes to further understand its wide phenotype spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenghui Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Children's Mental Disorders Research Center, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Fei Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Children's Mental Disorders Research Center, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shiqi Guang
- Department of Pediatrics, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Children's Mental Disorders Research Center, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Pediatrics, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Children's Mental Disorders Research Center, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.,Hunan Children's Mental Disorders Research Center, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China. .,Hunan Children's Mental Disorders Research Center, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan Province, China.
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21
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Bayat A, Knaus A, Pendziwiat M, Afenjar A, Barakat TS, Bosch F, Callewaert B, Calvas P, Ceulemans B, Chassaing N, Depienne C, Endziniene M, Ferreira CR, Moura de Souza CF, Freihuber C, Ganesan S, Gataullina S, Guerrini R, Guerrot A, Hansen L, Jezela‐Stanek A, Karsenty C, Kievit A, Kooy FR, Korff CM, Kragh Hansen J, Larsen M, Layet V, Lesca G, McBride KL, Meuwissen M, Mignot C, Montomoli M, Moore H, Naudion S, Nava C, Nougues M, Parrini E, Pastore M, Schelhaas JH, Skinner S, Szczałuba K, Thomas A, Thomassen M, Tranebjærg L, Slegtenhorst M, Wolfe LA, Lal D, Gardella E, Bomme Ousager L, Brünger T, Helbig I, Krawitz P, Møller RS. Lessons learned from 40 novel
PIGA
patients and a review of the literature. Epilepsia 2020; 61:1142-1155. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.16545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Allan Bayat
- Institute for Regional Health Services University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine Danish Epilepsy Center Dianalund Denmark
| | - Alexej Knaus
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics University Hospital Bonn Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐University Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Manuela Pendziwiat
- Department of Neuropediatrics University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Christian Albrechts University Kiel Germany
| | - Alexandra Afenjar
- CRMR Congenital Malformations and Diseases of the Cerebellum and Rare Causes of Intellectual Disabilities Department of Genetics Sorbonne University, AP‐HP, Trousseau Hospital Paris France
| | - Tahsin Stefan Barakat
- Department of Clinical Genetics Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam the Netherlands
| | | | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Patrick Calvas
- UMR1056 INSERM‐Université de Toulouse, Department of Genetics University Hospital of Toulouse Toulouse France
| | - Berten Ceulemans
- Department of Pediatric Neurology University Hospital and University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium
| | - Nicolas Chassaing
- UMR1056 INSERM‐Université de Toulouse, Department of Genetics University Hospital of Toulouse Toulouse France
| | - Christel Depienne
- Institute of Human Genetics University Hospital Essen University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
- UMR S1127, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225 Institute of brain and spinal cord Sorbonne University Paris France
| | - Milda Endziniene
- Neurology Department Medical Academy Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Carlos R. Ferreira
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health Bethesda MarylandUSA
| | | | - Cécile Freihuber
- Department of Pediatric Neurology AP‐HP, GHUEP Armand Trousseau University Hospital Paris France
- GRC ConCer‐LD Sorbonne University, UPMC University of Paris 06 Paris France
| | - Shiva Ganesan
- Division of Neurology Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia PennsylvaniaUSA
- Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia PennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia PennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Svetlana Gataullina
- Sleep Disorders Center AP‐HP, Antoine‐Béclère Hospital Clamart France
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatal Intensive Care André Grégoire Hospital Montreuil France
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories Department of Neuroscience, A. Meyer Children's Hospital University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Anne‐Marie Guerrot
- Department of Genetics and Reference Center for Developmental Disorders Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine Normandy University, UNIROUEN Inserm U1245 and Rouen University Hospital Rouen France
| | - Lars Hansen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Faculty of Health Science Copenhagen Center for Glycomics Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Aleksandra Jezela‐Stanek
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Warsaw Poland
| | - Caroline Karsenty
- Neuropediatrics Department University Hospital of Toulouse Toulouse France
| | - Anneke Kievit
- Department of Clinical Genetics Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam the Netherlands
| | - Frank R. Kooy
- Department of Medical Genetics University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium
| | - Christian M. Korff
- Pediatric Neurology Unit Department of the Woman, Child, and Adolescent University Hospitals Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | | | - Martin Larsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark
- Human Genetics Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Valérie Layet
- Department of Genetics Du Havre Hospital Le Havre France
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- Department of Medical Genetics Lyon University Hospital Lyon France
- Institut Neuromyogene University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon University Lyon France
| | - Kim L. McBride
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine Nationwide Children's Hospital Columbus OhioUSA
- Center for Cardiovascular Research Nationwide Children's Hospital Columbus OhioUSA
- Department of Pediatrics Ohio State University Columbus OhioUSA
| | - Marije Meuwissen
- Department of Medical Genetics University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium
| | - Cyril Mignot
- APHP Department of Genetics Pitié‐Salpêtrière Hospital Reference Center for Rare Causes of Intellectual Disabilities Paris France
- Department of Genetics Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225 Institute for brain and spinal cord ICM, AP‐HP De la Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University Paris France
| | - Martino Montomoli
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories Department of Neuroscience, A. Meyer Children's Hospital University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Hannah Moore
- Greenwood Genetic Center Greenwood South CarolinaUSA
| | - Sophie Naudion
- Department of Genetics, University of Bordeaux Bordeaux France
| | - Caroline Nava
- Department of Genetics Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225 Institute for brain and spinal cord ICM, AP‐HP De la Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University Paris France
| | | | - Elena Parrini
- Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories Department of Neuroscience, A. Meyer Children's Hospital University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Matthew Pastore
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine Nationwide Children's Hospital Columbus OhioUSA
- Department of Pediatrics Ohio State University Columbus OhioUSA
| | | | | | | | - Ashley Thomas
- Department of Neurology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AlabamaUSA
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark
- Human Genetics Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Tranebjærg
- Department of Clinical Genetics Rigshospitalet/Kennedy Center Glostrup Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Marjon Slegtenhorst
- Department of Clinical Genetics Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam the Netherlands
| | - Lynne A. Wolfe
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Common Fund National Institutes of Health Bethesda MarylandUSA
- Section of Human Biochemical Genetics National Human Genome Research Institute Bethesda MarylandUSA
| | - Dennis Lal
- Cologne Center for Genomics University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne Cologne Germany
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard Cambridge MassachusettsUSA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MassachusettsUSA
- Epilepsy Center Neurological Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OhioUSA
- Genomic Medicine Institute Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OhioUSA
| | - Elena Gardella
- Institute for Regional Health Services University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine Danish Epilepsy Center Dianalund Denmark
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Danish Epilepsy Center Dianalund Denmark
| | - Lilian Bomme Ousager
- Department of Clinical Genetics Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark
- Human Genetics Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Tobias Brünger
- Cologne Center for Genomics University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Ingo Helbig
- Department of Neuropediatrics University Medical Center Schleswig‐Holstein Christian Albrechts University Kiel Germany
- Division of Neurology Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia PennsylvaniaUSA
- Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia PennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia PennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Neurology University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia PennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Peter Krawitz
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics University Hospital Bonn Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐University Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Rikke S. Møller
- Institute for Regional Health Services University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine Danish Epilepsy Center Dianalund Denmark
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22
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Analyzing clinical and genetic characteristics of a cohort with multiple congenital anomalies-hypotonia-seizures syndrome (MCAHS). Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:78. [PMID: 32220244 PMCID: PMC7099766 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01365-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To summarize and extend the phenotypic characterization of Multiple Congenital Anomalies-Hypotonia-Seizures Syndrome, and to discuss genotype-phenotype correlations. Methods Collecting clinical information of 17 patients with pathogenic variants in PIGN, PIGA, and PIGT. Genetic studies were performed on all patients. Results There were 7 patients with 15 PIGN mutations (one patient carrying 3 mutations), 8 patients with 8 PIGA mutations, and 2 patients with 5 PIGT mutations (one patient carrying 3 mutations). All patients had epilepsy and developmental delay, with 71% of them showed hypotonia. And among these patients’ various seizure types, the focal seizure was the most common one. Eighty-two percent patients showed a significant relationship between seizures and fever. Serum ALP was elevated in one patient with PIGN mutations and in two patients with PIGA mutations. Brain MRI showed enlarged subarachnoid space in 56% of patients. Some other different characteristics had also been found in our patients: First, atypical absence seizures presented in three patients with PIGN mutations; Second, diffuse slow waves mixed with focal or multifocal discharges of interictal EEG in 88% cases with PIGA-deficient; Third, phenotypes of seven out of eight patients with PIGA mutations were difficult to be classified as severe or less severe group; Last, mild neurological symptoms and developmental status rather than severe conditions occurred in one patient with PIGT mutations. Conclusion With epilepsy, developmental delay, and/or hypotonia as common features, the knowledge of MCAHS in terms of phenotype and genotype has been expanded. In cases with PIGN-deficient, we expanded the types of atypical absence seizures, and described one patient with elevated serum ALP. Focal seizures with diffuse slow waves mixed with focal or multifocal discharges on EEG rather than infantile spasms with hypsarrhythmia, which as previously reported were often seen in our patients with PIGA mutations. The classifications of phenotypes caused by PIGA mutations should be more continuous than discrete. The mild phenotype of one patient with PIGT mutations expanded the clinical presentation of MCAHS3.
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23
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Murakami Y, Nguyen TTM, Baratang N, Raju PK, Knaus A, Ellard S, Jones G, Lace B, Rousseau J, Ajeawung NF, Kamei A, Minase G, Akasaka M, Araya N, Koshimizu E, van den Ende J, Erger F, Altmüller J, Krumina Z, Strautmanis J, Inashkina I, Stavusis J, El-Gharbawy A, Sebastian J, Puri RD, Kulshrestha S, Verma IC, Maier EM, Haack TB, Israni A, Baptista J, Gunning A, Rosenfeld JA, Liu P, Joosten M, Rocha ME, Hashem MO, Aldhalaan HM, Alkuraya FS, Miyatake S, Matsumoto N, Krawitz PM, Rossignol E, Kinoshita T, Campeau PM. Mutations in PIGB Cause an Inherited GPI Biosynthesis Defect with an Axonal Neuropathy and Metabolic Abnormality in Severe Cases. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 105:384-394. [PMID: 31256876 PMCID: PMC6698938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins anchored to the cell surface via glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) play various key roles in the human body, particularly in development and neurogenesis. As such, many developmental disorders are caused by mutations in genes involved in the GPI biosynthesis and remodeling pathway. We describe ten unrelated families with bi-allelic mutations in PIGB, a gene that encodes phosphatidylinositol glycan class B, which transfers the third mannose to the GPI. Ten different PIGB variants were found in these individuals. Flow cytometric analysis of blood cells and fibroblasts from the affected individuals showed decreased cell surface presence of GPI-anchored proteins. Most of the affected individuals have global developmental and/or intellectual delay, all had seizures, two had polymicrogyria, and four had a peripheral neuropathy. Eight children passed away before four years old. Two of them had a clinical diagnosis of DOORS syndrome (deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, mental retardation, and seizures), a condition that includes sensorineural deafness, shortened terminal phalanges with small finger and toenails, intellectual disability, and seizures; this condition overlaps with the severe phenotypes associated with inherited GPI deficiency. Most individuals tested showed elevated alkaline phosphatase, which is a characteristic of the inherited GPI deficiency but not DOORS syndrome. It is notable that two severely affected individuals showed 2-oxoglutaric aciduria, which can be seen in DOORS syndrome, suggesting that severe cases of inherited GPI deficiency and DOORS syndrome might share some molecular pathway disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Murakami
- Yabumoto Department of Intractable Disease Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Thi Tuyet Mai Nguyen
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Nissan Baratang
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Praveen K Raju
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Alexej Knaus
- Insitute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sian Ellard
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Gabriela Jones
- Clinical Genetics Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NGS 1PB, UK
| | - Baiba Lace
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Ville de Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Justine Rousseau
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Norbert Fonya Ajeawung
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Atsushi Kamei
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8505, Japan
| | - Gaku Minase
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Manami Akasaka
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8505, Japan
| | - Nami Araya
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8505, Japan
| | - Eriko Koshimizu
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | | | - Florian Erger
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Cologne, and Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Zita Krumina
- Deparment of Biology and Microbiology, Riga Stradinš University, Riga, LV-1029, Latvia
| | | | - Inna Inashkina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1 k-1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Janis Stavusis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str. 1 k-1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Areeg El-Gharbawy
- Department of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Jessica Sebastian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Ratna Dua Puri
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India
| | - Samarth Kulshrestha
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India
| | - Ishwar C Verma
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi 110060, India
| | - Esther M Maier
- Department of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Anil Israni
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - Julia Baptista
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Adam Gunning
- Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marieke Joosten
- Dept of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Mais O Hashem
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham M Aldhalaan
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Satoko Miyatake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Peter M Krawitz
- Insitute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Elsa Rossignol
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; Department of Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Taroh Kinoshita
- Yabumoto Department of Intractable Disease Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Philippe M Campeau
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.
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24
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Baratang NV, Jimenez Cruz DA, Ajeawung NF, Nguyen TTM, Pacheco-Cuéllar G, Campeau PM. Inherited glycophosphatidylinositol deficiency variant database and analysis of pathogenic variants. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e00743. [PMID: 31127708 PMCID: PMC6625143 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glycophosphatidylinositol‐anchored proteins (GPI‐APs) mediate several physiological processes such as embryogenesis and neurogenesis. Germline variants in genes involved in their synthesis can disrupt normal development and result in a variety of clinical phenotypes. With the advent of new sequencing technologies, more cases are identified, leading to a rapidly growing number of reported genetic variants. With this number expected to rise with increased accessibility to molecular tests, an accurate and up‐to‐date database is needed to keep track of the information and help interpret results. Methods We therefore developed an online resource (www.gpibiosynthesis.org) which compiles all published pathogenic variants in GPI biosynthesis genes which are deposited in the LOVD database. It contains 276 individuals and 192 unique public variants; 92% of which are predicted as damaging by bioinformatics tools. Results A significant proportion of recorded variants was substitution variants (81%) and resulted mainly in missense and frameshift alterations. Interestingly, five patients (2%) had deleterious mutations in untranslated regions. CADD score analysis placed 97% of variants in the top 1% of deleterious variants in the human genome. In genome aggregation database, the gene with the highest frequency of reported pathogenic variants is PIGL, with a carrier rate of 1/937. Conclusion We thus present the GPI biosynthesis database and review the molecular genetics of published variants in GPI‐anchor biosynthesis genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nissan Vida Baratang
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Thi Tuyet Mai Nguyen
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Philippe M Campeau
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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25
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Lerat J, Bonnet C, Cartault F, Loundon N, Jacquemont ML, Darcel F, Rouillon I, Mezouaghi K, Guichet A, Litzler J, Gesny R, Gherbi S, Aissa IB, Digeon FSJ, Garabedian EN, Bonnefont JP, Genin E, Denoyelle F, Jonard L, Marlin S. High prevalence of congenital deafness on Reunion Island is due to a founder variant of LHFPL5. Clin Genet 2018; 95:177-181. [PMID: 30298622 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Reunion Island is a French oversea department in the Indian Ocean with 1.6/1000, an estimated prevalence of deafness that is almost double as compared to the mainland France. Twelve children having isolated bilateral prelingual profound deafness along with motor delay attributed to vestibular areflexia were enrolled. Their mean walking age was 19 months. Electroretinography and temporal bone CT-scans were normal in all cases. A novel homozygous frameshift lipoma HMGIC fusion partner-like 5 (LHFPL5) variant c.185delT p.(Phe62Serfs*23) was identified using whole-exome sequencing. It was found in seven families. Four patients from two different families from both Reunion Island and mainland France, were compound heterozygous: c.185delT p.(Phe62Serfs*23) and c.472C > T p.(Arg158Trp). The phenotype observed in our patients completely mimics the hurry-scurry (hscy) murine Tmhs knock-out model. The recurrent occurrence of same LHFPL5 variant in Reunion Island is attributed to common ancestor couple born in 1693.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Lerat
- INSERM UMR_S1163 IHU Imagine - Institut des Maladies Génétiques - Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Génétique Moléculaire, Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Otorhinolaryngologie, CHU, Limoges, France
| | - Crystel Bonnet
- Institut de la Vision, UMRS 1120 INSERM/UPMC, Paris, France
| | - François Cartault
- Génétique Moléculaire, CHU La Réunion site Felix Guyon, Paris, France
| | - Natalie Loundon
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Surdités Génétiques, Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Otorhinolaryngologie Pédiatrique, Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Isabelle Rouillon
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Surdités Génétiques, Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Otorhinolaryngologie Pédiatrique, Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Kheira Mezouaghi
- Centre Régional de Compétences en Surdité Infantile, Sainte-Clothilde, France
| | | | | | | | - Souad Gherbi
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Surdités Génétiques, Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Ines Ben Aissa
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Surdités Génétiques, Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Eréa-Nöel Garabedian
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Surdités Génétiques, Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Otorhinolaryngologie Pédiatrique, Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Emmanuelle Genin
- UMR1078 Génétique, Génomique Fonctionnelle et Biotechnologies, Inserm, Université de Brest, CHU Brest, France
| | - Françoise Denoyelle
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Surdités Génétiques, Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Otorhinolaryngologie Pédiatrique, Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Jonard
- Génétique Moléculaire, Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Surdités Génétiques, Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Marlin
- INSERM UMR_S1163 IHU Imagine - Institut des Maladies Génétiques - Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence Maladies Rares, Surdités Génétiques, Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
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