1
|
Hao B, Li R, Wang P, Wang Y, Li X, Xu P, Zhang Q, Zhu X, Zhang X, Zhu Y. Minimally Protected and Stereoselective O-Glycosylation of Carboxylic Acid Allows Rapid Access to α-1- O- and 2- O-Acyl Glycosides. J Am Chem Soc 2025; 147:13744-13753. [PMID: 40164973 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5c01845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2025]
Abstract
We herein reported a catalytic, minimally protected, and highly α-stereoselective glycosylation protocol using carboxylic acid as an acceptor and glycosyl 8-alkynyl-1-naphthoate as a donor, enabling efficient access to unprotected α-1-O- and 2-O-acyl glycosides. This method demonstrates excellent functional compatibility and scope generality, allowing for the glycosylation of a wide range of complex carboxylic acids. Notably, we successfully synthesized two natural products, α-penta-O-galloyl-d-glucopyranose and nyctanthesin A, using this protocol. Mechanistic studies highlighted the crucial role of the 1-O ester functionality in ensuring chemoselectivity and the important contribution of the 2-O functionality in facilitating the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bangxing Hao
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519090, China
| | - Rongxia Li
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519090, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peifan Xu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519090, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinhao Zhu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Yugen Zhu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang D, Ding H, Zhang XL, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Liu XW. Esterification and Etherification of Aliphatic Alcohols Enabled by Catalytic Strain-Release of Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropane. Org Lett 2024; 26:4986-4991. [PMID: 38842488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
We herein disclose a highly efficient protocol for the esterification and etherification of alcohols, leveraging a Sc(OTf)3-catalyzed ring-strain release event in the meticulously designed, chromatographically stable mixed anhydrides or benzyl esters that incorporate an intramolecular donor-acceptor cyclopropane (DAC). This versatile method facilitates the straightforward functionalization of sugar, terpene, and steroid alcohols under mild acidic conditions, as showcased by the single-catalyst-driven, dual protection of sugar diol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Han Ding
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Lin Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Huajun Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mukherjee MM, Ghosh R, Hanover JA. Recent Advances in Stereoselective Chemical O-Glycosylation Reactions. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:896187. [PMID: 35775080 PMCID: PMC9237389 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.896187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates involving glycoconjugates play a pivotal role in many life processes. Better understanding toward glycobiological events including the structure–function relationship of these biomolecules and for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes including tailor-made vaccine development and synthesis of structurally well-defined oligosaccharides (OS) become important. Efficient chemical glycosylation in high yield and stereoselectivity is however challenging and depends on the fine tuning of a protection profile to get matching glycosyl donor–acceptor reactivity along with proper use of other important external factors like catalyst, solvent, temperature, activator, and additive. So far, many glycosylation methods have been reported including several reviews also. In the present review, we will concentrate our discussion on the recent trend on α- and β-selective glycosylation reactions reported during the past decade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mana Mohan Mukherjee
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rina Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
- *Correspondence: John A. Hanover, ; Rina Ghosh,
| | - John A. Hanover
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: John A. Hanover, ; Rina Ghosh,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qiu X, Garden AL, Fairbanks AJ. Protecting group free glycosylation: one-pot stereocontrolled access to 1,2- trans glycosides and (1→6)-linked disaccharides of 2-acetamido sugars. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4122-4130. [PMID: 35440979 PMCID: PMC8985506 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00222a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Unprotected 2-acetamido sugars may be directly converted into their oxazolines using 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride (DMC), and a suitable base, in aqueous solution. Freeze drying and acid catalysed reaction with an alcohol as solvent produces the corresponding 1,2-trans-glycosides in good yield. Alternatively, dissolution in an aprotic solvent system and acidic activation in the presence of an excess of an unprotected glycoside as a glycosyl acceptor, results in the stereoselective formation of the corresponding 1,2-trans linked disaccharides without any protecting group manipulations. Reactions using aryl glycosides as acceptors are completely regioselective, producing only the (1→6)-linked disaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qiu
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | - Anna L Garden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand.,The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington Wellington 6140 New Zealand
| | - Antony J Fairbanks
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand .,Biomolecular Interaction Centre, University of Canterbury Private Bag 4800 Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xiao K, Hu Y, Wan Y, Li X, Nie Q, Yan H, Wang L, Liao J, Liu D, Tu Y, Sun J, Codée JDC, Zhang Q. Hydrogen bond activated glycosylation under mild conditions. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1600-1607. [PMID: 35282639 PMCID: PMC8826775 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05772c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report a new glycosylation system for the highly efficient and stereoselective formation of glycosidic bonds using glycosyl N-phenyl trifluoroacetimidate (PTFAI) donors and a charged thiourea hydrogen-bond-donor catalyst. The glycosylation protocol features broad substrate scope, controllable stereoselectivity, good to excellent yields and exceptionally mild catalysis conditions. Benefitting from the mild reaction conditions, this new hydrogen bond-mediated glycosylation system in combination with a hydrogen bond-mediated aglycon delivery system provides a reliable method for the synthesis of challenging phenolic glycosides. In addition, a chemoselective glycosylation procedure was developed using different imidate donors (trichloroacetimidates, N-phenyl trifluoroacetimidates, N-4-nitrophenyl trifluoroacetimidates, benzoxazolyl imidates and 6-nitro-benzothiazolyl imidates) and it was applied for a trisaccharide synthesis through a novel one-pot single catalyst strategy. A mild glycosylation system was developed using glycosyl imidate donors and a charge-enhanced thiourea H-bond donor catalyst. The method can be used for the effective synthesis of O-, C-, S- and N-glycosides and chemoselective one-pot glycosylation.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xiao
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Yongxin Hu
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Yongyong Wan
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - XinXin Li
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Qin Nie
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Hao Yan
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Liming Wang
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Jinxi Liao
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Deyong Liu
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Yuanhong Tu
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Jiansong Sun
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| | - Jeroen D C Codée
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University Einsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Qingju Zhang
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China .,Key Laboratory of Functional Small Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Das P, Rahaman Molla M, Kumar A, Thakur R. o-Cyanobenzoate: A Recyclable and Reusable Stereo-directing Group for β-O-Glycosylation via Pd(0)-catalyzed Ferrier Rearrangement. Chem Asian J 2021; 17:e202101156. [PMID: 34866348 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Inner sphere Tsuji-Trost reaction has found recent application for β-selective Ferrier rearrangement of glycal substrates with alcohol nucleophiles. Herein, we report an efficient and stereoselective synthesis of 2,3-dideoxy-β-O-glycosides from C3-(o-cyanobenzoate) ester protected glycal donors via Ferrier rearrangement under Pd(0)-catalyzed Tsuji-Trost conditions. The synthesized donors indeed reacted with a variety of acceptors to afford the corresponding glycosides in good yields and excellent β-stereoselectivity. The stereochemical outcome of the reactions has been found to be independent of the nature of protecting groups or conformational flexibility of the glycal donors. Furthermore, regeneration of ortho-cyanobenzoic acid post rearrangement makes it a recyclable and reusable stereodirecting group. A preliminary mechanistic study demonstrates the importance of cyano-group for the observed rearrangement and stereoselectivity. Incorporation of the directing group on the benzoate ester has altered the reactivity of the ester group as a leaving group for Tsuji-Trost as well as Ferrier Rearrangement pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Das
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, 800005, India
| | - Mosidur Rahaman Molla
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, 800005, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, 801106, India
| | - Rima Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, 800005, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu M, Qin X, Ye XS. Glycan Assembly Strategy: From Concept to Application. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3256-3277. [PMID: 34498347 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glycans have been hot topics in recent years due to their exhibition of numerous biological activities. However, the heterogeneity of their natural source and the complexity of their chemical synthesis impede the progress in their biological research. Thus, the development of glycan assembly strategies to acquire plenty of structurally well-defined glycans is an important issue in carbohydrate chemistry. In this review, the latest advances in glycan assembly strategies from concepts to their applications in carbohydrate synthesis, including chemical and enzymatic/chemo-enzymatic approaches, as well as solution-phase and solid-phase/tag-assisted synthesis, are summarized. Furthermore, the automated glycan assembly techniques are also outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xianjin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing, 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Y, Jiao Y, Luo H, Huang N, Lai M, Zou K, Yao H. Catalyst-Controlled Regiodivergent Synthesis of 1- and 3-Thiosugars with High Stereoselectivity and Chemoselectivity. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuexin Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Functional Yeast (China National Light Industry), College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Functional Yeast (China National Light Industry), College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Huajun Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Functional Yeast (China National Light Industry), College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Nianyu Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Functional Yeast (China National Light Industry), College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Mengnan Lai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Functional Yeast (China National Light Industry), College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Kun Zou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Functional Yeast (China National Light Industry), College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, Key Laboratory of Functional Yeast (China National Light Industry), College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Khanam A, Kumar Mandal P. Influence of Remote Picolinyl and Picoloyl Stereodirecting Groups for the Stereoselective Glycosylation. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ariza Khanam
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Sector 10, Jankipuram extn., Sitapur Road Lucknow 226 031 India
| | - Pintu Kumar Mandal
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute Sector 10, Jankipuram extn., Sitapur Road Lucknow 226 031 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Molla MR, Das P, Guleria K, Subramanian R, Kumar A, Thakur R. Cyanomethyl Ether as an Orthogonal Participating Group for Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,2- trans-β- O-Glycosides. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9955-9968. [PMID: 32600042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Stereoselective formation of glycosidic linkages has been the prime focus for contemporary carbohydrate chemistry. Herein, we report cyanomethyl (CNMe) ether as an efficient and effective participating orthogonal protecting group for the stereoselective synthesis of 1,2-trans-β-O-glycosides. The participating group facilitated good to high β-selective glycosylation with a broad range of electron-rich and electron-deficient glycosyl acceptors. Detailed experimental and theoretical studies reveal the involvement of CNMe ether in the formation of a six-membered imine-type cyclic intermediate for the observed stereoselectivity. Rapid incorporation and selective removal of the CNMe ether group in the presence of benzyl ether and isopropylidene acetal protection have also been reported here. The nitrile group provided an opportunity for the glycodiversification through further derivatizations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mosidur Rahaman Molla
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar 800005, India
| | - Pradip Das
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar 800005, India
| | - Kanika Guleria
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar 801103, India
| | - Ranga Subramanian
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar 801103, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar 801103, India
| | - Rima Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar 800005, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pal KB, Guo A, Das M, Báti G, Liu XW. Superbase-Catalyzed Stereo- and Regioselective Glycosylation with 2-Nitroglycals: Facile Access to 2-Amino-2-deoxy-O-glycosides. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Bhaskar Pal
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Aoxin Guo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Mrinmoy Das
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Gábor Báti
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li BH, Ye XS. Recent advances in glycan synthesis. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 58:20-27. [PMID: 32480314 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates play important roles in life science, but their synthesis is always hampered by their complicated chemical structures. Scientists have never stopped trying to solve the problem of glycan synthesis from various aspects. Here a brief overview of recent progress in glycan synthesis, including chemical approaches, chemoenzymatic approaches, and automated synthesis, will be discussed, focusing on the efficiency of new glycosylation methods, the stereoselectivity of coupled products, and their applications in the assembly of complex glycan chains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Han Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhao X, Zeng J, Meng L, Wan Q. Application of Interrupted Pummerer Reaction Mediated (IPRm) Glycosylation in Natural Product Synthesis. CHEM REC 2020; 20:743-751. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201900097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of PharmacyHuazhong University of Science and Technology 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of PharmacyHuazhong University of Science and Technology 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Lingkui Meng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of PharmacyHuazhong University of Science and Technology 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Qian Wan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of PharmacyHuazhong University of Science and Technology 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
- Institute of Brain ResearchHuazhong University of Science and Technology China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zu Y, Cai C, Sheng J, Cheng L, Feng Y, Zhang S, Zhang Q, Chai Y. n-Pentenyl-Type Glycosides for Catalytic Glycosylation and Their Application in Single-Catalyst One-Pot Oligosaccharide Assemblies. Org Lett 2019; 21:8270-8274. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Zu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Chenglin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Jingyuan Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Lili Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yingle Feng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Shengyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yonghai Chai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fang J, Zeng J, Sun J, Zhang S, Xiao X, Lu Z, Meng L, Wan Q. Total Syntheses of Resin Glycosides Murucoidins IV and V. Org Lett 2019; 21:6213-6216. [PMID: 31247754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Murucoidins IV and V, two bioactive resin glycosides with complex yet similar structures isolated from the morning glory family, were synthesized in a convergent manner. All of the glycosylations in these syntheses including the key [3 + 2] coupling were achieved by our recently developed interrupted Pummerer reaction mediated (IPRm) glycosylations. The broad functional group compatibility of IPRm glycosylation allowed us to employ a latent-active concept and a single-pot transient protection-glycosylation-deprotection strategy which significantly improved the global synthetic efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , P.R. China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , P.R. China
| | - Jiuchang Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , P.R. China
| | - Shuxin Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , P.R. China
| | - Xiong Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , P.R. China
| | - Zimin Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , P.R. China
| | - Lingkui Meng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , P.R. China
| | - Qian Wan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 13 Hangkong Road , Wuhan , Hubei 430030 , P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
The translation of biological glycosylation in humans to the clinical applications involves systematic studies using homogeneous samples of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates, which could be accessed by chemical, enzymatic or other biological methods. However, the structural complexity and wide-range variations of glycans and their conjugates represent a major challenge in the synthesis of this class of biomolecules. To help navigate within many methods of oligosaccharide synthesis, this Perspective offers a critical assessment of the most promising synthetic strategies with an eye on the therapeutically relevant targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Krasnova
- Department of Chemistry , The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Department of Chemistry , The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States.,Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Báti G, He JX, Pal KB, Liu XW. Stereo- and regioselective glycosylation with protection-less sugar derivatives: an alluring strategy to access glycans and natural products. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:4006-4018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00905h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This review delivers insights for dedicated chemists into the development of efficient methods in accessing carbohydrates at a lower cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Báti
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Jing-Xi He
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
| | - Kumar Bhaskar Pal
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chatterjee S, Moon S, Hentschel F, Gilmore K, Seeberger PH. An Empirical Understanding of the Glycosylation Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11942-11953. [PMID: 30125122 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Reliable glycosylation reactions that allow for the stereo- and regioselective installation of glycosidic linkages are paramount to the chemical synthesis of glycan chains. The stereoselectivity of glycosylations is exceedingly difficult to control due to the reaction's high degree of sensitivity and its shifting, simultaneous mechanistic pathways that are controlled by variables of unknown degree of influence, dominance, or interdependency. An automated platform was devised to quickly, reproducibly, and systematically screen glycosylations and thereby address this fundamental problem. Thirteen variables were investigated in as isolated a manner as possible, to identify and quantify inherent preferences of electrophilic glycosylating agents (glycosyl donors) and nucleophiles (glycosyl acceptors). Ways to enhance, suppress, or even override these preferences using judicious environmental conditions were discovered. Glycosylations involving two specific partners can be tuned to produce either 11:1 selectivity of one stereoisomer or 9:1 of the other by merely changing the reaction conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Chatterjee
- Department of Biomolecular Systems , Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany
| | - Sooyeon Moon
- Department of Biomolecular Systems , Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Felix Hentschel
- Department of Biomolecular Systems , Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany
| | - Kerry Gilmore
- Department of Biomolecular Systems , Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems , Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Stereoselective oxidative glycosylation of anomeric nucleophiles with alcohols and carboxylic acids. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3650. [PMID: 30194299 PMCID: PMC6128909 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06016-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligosaccharides, one of the most abundant biopolymers, are involved in numerous biological processes. Although many efforts have been put in preparative carbohydrate chemistry, achieving optimal anomeric and regioselectivities remains challenging. Herein we describe an oxidative glycosylation method between anomeric stannanes and oxygen nucleophiles resulting in the formation of a C−O bond with consistently high anomeric control for glycosyl donors bearing a free C2-hydroxyl group. These reactions are promoted by hypervalent iodine reagents with catalytic or stoichiometric amounts of Cu or Zn salts. The generality of this transformation is demonstrated in 42 examples. Mechanistic studies indicate that the oxidative glycosylation is initiated by the hydroxyl-guided delivery of the hypervalent iodine and tosylate into the anomeric position, and results in excellent 1,2-trans selectivity. The unique mechanistic paradigm, high selectivities, and mild reaction conditions make this method suitable for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and for integration with other methodologies such as automated synthesis. Glycosylation of partially protected sugars is usually limited by suboptimal regio- and stereo-selectivities. Here, the authors show a general oxidative glycosylation between anomeric stannanes with a nonprotected hydroxyl group and oxygen nucleophiles, additionally providing mechanistic insights into the origin of selectivity.
Collapse
|
20
|
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Martin Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Leng WL, Yao H, He JX, Liu XW. Venturing beyond Donor-Controlled Glycosylation: New Perspectives toward Anomeric Selectivity. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:628-639. [PMID: 29469568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glycans are complex compounds consisting of sugars linked glycosidically, existing either as pure polysaccharides or as part of glycoconjugates. They are prevalent in nature and possess important functions in regulating biological pathways. However, their diversity coupled with physiochemical similarities makes it challenging to isolate them in large quantities for biochemical studies, hence hampering progress in glycobiology and glycomedicine. Glycochemistry presents an alternative strategy to obtain pure glycan compounds through artificial synthetic methods. Efforts in glycochemistry have been centered on glycosylation, the key reaction in glycochemistry, especially with regards to anomeric stereoselectivity in polysaccharides and glycoconjugates. In particular, the stereoelectronic and steric properties of glycosyl donors are commonly used to direct the stereoselectivity in glycosylation reactions. Classic glycosylation strategies typically involve saturated glycosyl donors, proceeding either directly using hydrogen bonds and conformational constraints or indirectly by installing moieties covalently through neighboring group participation and intramolecular aglycon delivery. Over the past years, new glycosylation strategies, tapping on the foundations of transition metal catalysis, have emerged. To leverage the power of coordination chemistry, unsaturated glycosyl donors were introduced. Not only are the number of protection/deprotection steps reduced, the resultant unsaturated glycoside provides opportunities for downstream functionalizations, allowing quick access to a variety of sugars, including rare sugars. Alongside the glycosyl donor, an equally important but neglected aspect for targeting stereoselective glycosylation is the glycosyl acceptor. In the case of dual-directing donors, glycosyl acceptors have proved themselves capable of becoming the dominating factor for stereocontrol. Interestingly, rational manipulation or selection of glycosyl acceptors with particular nucleophilicity and p Ka values can lead to different stereoselectivities, thereby proving the tunability of such acceptors to favor the formation of one anomer over the other stereoselectively. By further venturing beyond substrate controlled stereoselectivity, we are presented with the opportunity to effect stereoselective glycosylation through glycosylating reagents. Of the key reagents, stereoselective catalyst stands out as a greener and efficient alternative to direct stereoselective control with stoichiometric substrates. Recently, investigations into this approach of stereocontrol presented an intriguing range of stereoselectivities, achieved by merely varying the nature of catalysts used. Another crucial effort in glycochemistry is enhancing the efficiencies of glycosylations, by reducing the number of preparative steps before or during glycosylation. Through using transient masking groups or one-pot synthetic strategies, these streamlined approaches provide enormous convenience and practicability for oligosaccharide syntheses. This Account presents mainly our advancements beyond the conventional donor-controlled strategies over the past decade, with emphasis placed on mechanistic explanations of anomeric selectivities, thereby providing perspectives to inspire further progress toward a generalized unified strategy for preparing every type of glycan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lin Leng
- School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Hui Yao
- School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Jing-Xi He
- School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459 Singapore
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lu YJ, Lai YH, Lin YY, Wang YC, Liang PH. 2- O- N-Benzylcarbamoyl as a Protecting Group To Promote β-Selective Glycosylation and Its Applications in the Stereoselective Synthesis of Oligosaccharides. J Org Chem 2018; 83:3688-3701. [PMID: 29512381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the utility of the N-benzylcarbamoyl (BnCar) protecting group in glycosylation reactions of the parent O-2 protected carbohydrate donor. It was found that the BnCar group imparted exclusively β-selectivity with primary and secondary alcohols. A mechanistic study revealed the activated intermediate to be the glycosyl triflate in a skew conformation, which results in β-selective glycosylation via an SN2-like pathway. The BnCar group can be readily cleaved using tetrabutylammonium nitrite, without affecting ester and ether protecting groups. Taken together, these results show BnCar to be useful for the synthesis of complex oligosaccharides, an undertaking that requires delicate chemical differentiation of various protecting groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Jen Lu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsun Lai
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| | - You-Yu Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei 100 , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|