1
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Dewa T, Kimoto K, Kasagi G, Harada H, Sumino A, Kondo M. Functional Coupling of Biohybrid Photosynthetic Antennae and Reaction Center Complexes: Quantitative Comparison with Native Antennae. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:10315-10325. [PMID: 38015096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c04922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Light-harvesting (LH) complexes in photosynthetic organisms absorb photons within limited wavelength ranges over a broad solar spectrum. Extension of the LH wavelength has been realized by attaching artificial fluorophores to LH complexes (biohybrid LH complexes) for complementing the limited-wavelength regions. However, how efficiently such fluorophores in biohybrid LH complexes function to drive the photocatalytic reaction center (RC) has not been quantitatively evaluated, specifically in comparison with native LH antenna complexes. In this study, we prepared various biohybrid LH1-RC complexes (from Rhodopseudomonas palustris), to quantitatively evaluate the LH activity of the attached external chromophores through a photocurrent generation reaction by LH1-RC on an electrode. For a direct comparison of the LH activity among the LH chromophores that were examined, we introduced the k1 term, which represents the extent of the functional coupling of LH and the photochemical reactions in the RC. We determined that the hydrophobic fluorophore ATTO647N attached to LH1 possesses the highest LH activity among the examined hydrophilic fluorophores such as Alexa647, and its activity is comparable to that of native LH1(-RC). The LH activity of LH2 (from Rhodoblastus acidophilus strain 10050) and its biohybrid LH2s were examined for the comprehensive assessment of their LH activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehisa Dewa
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Komei Kimoto
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Genki Kasagi
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hiromi Harada
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Ayumi Sumino
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kondo
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
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2
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Williams JC, Faillace MS, Gonzalez EJ, Dominguez RE, Knappenberger K, Heredia DA, Moore TA, Moore AL, Allen JP. Mn-porphyrins in a four-helix bundle participate in photo-induced electron transfer with a bacterial reaction center. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023:10.1007/s11120-023-01051-9. [PMID: 37910331 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid complexes incorporating synthetic Mn-porphyrins into an artificial four-helix bundle domain of bacterial reaction centers created a system to investigate new electron transfer pathways. The reactions were initiated by illumination of the bacterial reaction centers, whose primary photochemistry involves electron transfer from the bacteriochlorophyll dimer through a series of electron acceptors to the quinone electron acceptors. Porphyrins with diphenyl, dimesityl, or fluorinated substituents were synthesized containing either Mn or Zn. Electrochemical measurements revealed potentials for Mn(III)/Mn(II) transitions that are ~ 0.4 V higher for the fluorinated Mn-porphyrins than the diphenyl and dimesityl Mn-porphyrins. The synthetic porphyrins were introduced into the proteins by binding to a four-helix bundle domain that was genetically fused to the reaction center. Light excitation of the bacteriochlorophyll dimer of the reaction center resulted in new derivative signals, in the 400 to 450 nm region of light-minus-dark spectra, that are consistent with oxidation of the fluorinated Mn(II) porphyrins and reduction of the diphenyl and dimesityl Mn(III) porphyrins. These features recovered in the dark and were not observed in the Zn(II) porphyrins. The amplitudes of the signals were dependent upon the oxidation/reduction midpoint potentials of the bacteriochlorophyll dimer. These results are interpreted as photo-induced charge-separation processes resulting in redox changes of the Mn-porphyrins, demonstrating the utility of the hybrid artificial reaction center system to establish design guidelines for novel electron transfer reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Williams
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - M S Faillace
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - E J Gonzalez
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - R E Dominguez
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - K Knappenberger
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - D A Heredia
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - T A Moore
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - A L Moore
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - J P Allen
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
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3
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Zhou M, Sun Y, Wang S, Liu Q, Li H. Photosynthesis Product Allocation and Yield in Sweet Potato in Response to Different Late-Season Irrigation Levels. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091780. [PMID: 37176838 PMCID: PMC10180913 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil water deficit is an important factor affecting the source-sink balance of sweet potato during its late-season growth, but water regulation during this period has not been well studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the appropriate irrigation level in late-season sweet potato, and the effect of irrigation level on accumulation and allocation of photosynthetic products. In this study, two yield-based field trials (2021-2022) were conducted in which five late-season irrigation levels set according to the crop evapotranspiration rate were tested (T0: non-irrigation, T1: 33% ETc, T2: 75% ETc, T3: 100% ETc, T4: 125% ETc). The effects of the different irrigation levels on photosynthetic physiological indexes, 13C transfer allocation, water use efficiency (WUE), water productivity (WP), and the yield and economic benefit of sweet potato were studied. The results showed that late-season irrigation significantly increased the total chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of functional leaves, in addition to promoting the accumulation of above-ground-source organic biomass (p < 0.05). The rate of 13C allocation, maximum accumulation rate (Vmax), and average accumulation rate (Vmean) of dry matter in storage root were significantly higher under T2 irrigation than under the other treatments (p < 0.05). This suggests that both non-irrigation (T0) and over-irrigation (T4) were not conducive to the transfer and allocation of photosynthetic products to storage roots in late-season sweet potato. However, moderate irrigation (T2) effectively promoted the source-sink balance, enhanced the source photosynthetic rate and stimulated the sink activity, such that more photosynthate was allocated to the storage sink. The results also showed that T2 irrigation treatments significantly increased yield, WUE and WP compared to T0 and T4 (p < 0.05), suggesting that moderate irrigation (T2) can significantly promote the potential of storage root production and field productivity. There was a close relationship between economic benefit and marketable sweet potato yield, and both were highest under T2 (p < 0.05), increasing by 36.1% and 59.9% compared with T0 over the two-year study period. In conclusion, irrigation of late-season sweet potato with 75% evapotranspiration (T2) can improve both the yield and production potential. Together, these results support the use of late-season water management in the production of sweet potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Zhou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yiming Sun
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shaoxia Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Huan Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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4
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Jiang S, Wei Y, Li X, Shi SQ, Tian D, Fang Z, Li J. Scalable Manufacturing of Environmentally Stable All-Solid-State Plant Protein-Based Supercapacitors with Optimal Balance of Capacitive Performance and Mechanically Robust. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2207997. [PMID: 36932937 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of advanced biomaterial with mechanically robust and high energy density is critical for flexible electronics, such as batteries and supercapacitors. Plant proteins are ideal candidates for making flexible electronics due to their renewable and eco-friendly natures. However, due to the weak intermolecular interactions and abundant hydrophilic groups of protein chains, the mechanical properties of protein-based materials, especially in bulk materials, are largely constrained, which hinders their performance in practical applications. Here, a green and scalable method is shown for the fabrication of advanced film biomaterials with high mechanical strength (36.3 MPa), toughness (21.25 MJ m-3 ), and extraordinary fatigue-resistance (213 000 times) by incorporating tailor-made core-double-shell structured nanoparticles. Subsequently, the film biomaterials combine to construct an ordered, dense bulk material by stacking-up and hot-pressing techniques. Surprisingly, the solid-state supercapacitor based on compacted bulk material shows an ultrahigh energy density of 25.8 Wh kg-1 , which is much higher than those previously reported advanced materials. Notably, the bulk material also demonstrates long-term cycling stability, which can be maintained under ambient condition or immersed in H2 SO4 electrolyte for more than 120 days. Thus, this research improves the competitiveness of protein-based materials for real-world applications such as flexible electronics and solid-state supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaicheng Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yanqiang Wei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Xiaona Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Sheldon Q Shi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76203, USA
| | - Dan Tian
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, No. 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Zhen Fang
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Material and Green Manufacture, No. 300 Changjiang Road, Yantai, 264006, China
| | - Jianzhang Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, China
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5
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Hancock AM, Swainsbury DJK, Meredith SA, Morigaki K, Hunter CN, Adams PG. Enhancing the spectral range of plant and bacterial light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes with various synthetic chromophores incorporated into lipid vesicles. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 237:112585. [PMID: 36334507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Light-Harvesting (LH) pigment-protein complexes found in photosynthetic organisms have the role of absorbing solar energy with high efficiency and transferring it to reaction centre complexes. LH complexes contain a suite of pigments that each absorb light at specific wavelengths, however, the natural combinations of pigments within any one protein complex do not cover the full range of solar radiation. Here, we provide an in-depth comparison of the relative effectiveness of five different organic "dye" molecules (Texas Red, ATTO, Cy7, DiI, DiR) for enhancing the absorption range of two different LH membrane protein complexes (the major LHCII from plants and LH2 from purple phototrophic bacteria). Proteoliposomes were self-assembled from defined mixtures of lipids, proteins and dye molecules and their optical properties were quantified by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Both lipid-linked dyes and alternative lipophilic dyes were found to be effective excitation energy donors to LH protein complexes, without the need for direct chemical or generic modification of the proteins. The Förster theory parameters (e.g., spectral overlap) were compared between each donor-acceptor combination and found to be good predictors of an effective dye-protein combination. At the highest dye-to-protein ratios tested (over 20:1), the effective absorption strength integrated over the full spectral range was increased to ∼180% of its natural level for both LH complexes. Lipophilic dyes could be inserted into pre-formed membranes although their effectiveness was found to depend upon favourable physicochemical interactions. Finally, we demonstrated that these dyes can also be effective at increasing the spectral range of surface-supported models of photosynthetic membranes, using fluorescence microscopy. The results of this work provide insight into the utility of self-assembled lipid membranes and the great flexibility of LH complexes for interacting with different dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Hancock
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - David J K Swainsbury
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Sophie A Meredith
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Kenichi Morigaki
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science and Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Rokkodaicho 1-1, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - C Neil Hunter
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Peter G Adams
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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6
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Villa F, Wu YL, Zerboni A, Cappitelli F. In Living Color: Pigment-Based Microbial Ecology At the Mineral-Air Interface. Bioscience 2022; 72:1156-1175. [PMID: 36451971 PMCID: PMC9699719 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biac091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pigment-based color is one of the most important phenotypic traits of biofilms at the mineral-air interface (subaerial biofilms, SABs), because it reflects the physiology of the microbial community. Because color is the hallmark of all SABs, we argue that pigment-based color could convey the mechanisms that drive microbial adaptation and coexistence across different terrestrial environments and link phenotypic traits to community fitness and ecological dynamics. Within this framework, we present the most relevant microbial pigments at the mineral-air interface and discuss some of the evolutionary landscapes that necessitate pigments as adaptive strategies for resource allocation and survivability. We report several pigment features that reflect SAB communities' structure and function, as well as pigment ecology in the context of microbial life-history strategies and coexistence theory. Finally, we conclude the study of pigment-based ecology by presenting its potential application and some of the key challenges in the research.
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7
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Oscillating light engine realized by photothermal solvent evaporation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5621. [PMID: 36153322 PMCID: PMC9509359 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous mechanical work output can be generated by using combustion engines and electric motors, as well as actuators, through on/off control via external stimuli. Solar energy has been used to generate electricity and heat in human daily life; however, the direct conversion of solar energy to continuous mechanical work has not been realized. In this work, a solar engine is developed using an oscillating actuator, which is realized through an alternating volume decrease of each side of a polypropylene/carbon black polymer film induced by photothermal-derived solvent evaporation. The anisotropic solvent evaporation and fast gradient diffusion in the polymer film sustains oscillating bending actuation under the illumination of divergent light. This light-driven oscillator shows excellent oscillation performance, excellent loading capability, and high energy conversion efficiency, and it can never stop with solvent supply. The oscillator can cyclically lift up a load and output work, exhibiting a maximum specific work of 30.9 × 10−5 J g−1 and a maximum specific power of 15.4 × 10−5 W g−1 under infrared light. This work can inspire the development of autonomous devices and provide a design strategy for solar engines. Developing an oscillating actuator that can directly convert solar energy into mechanical energy is highly desirable. Here, authors report a solvent-assisted light-driven oscillator by porous film that achieves excellent oscillating actuation performance and can even oscillate by carrying a load under light irradiation.
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8
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Li S, Li X, Ho SH. How to enhance carbon capture by evolution of microalgal photosynthesis? Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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9
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Paul N, Suresh L, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Alzakia FI, Vogt V, Jones MR, Wong ZJ, Tan SC. Plasmonic protein electricity generator. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:220-234. [PMID: 35043802 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00569c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Interest in acquiring green energy from sunlight is driving research into the incorporation of biological photosynthetic materials into biohybrid devices. A potential way to enhance solar energy conversion by photosynthetic proteins is to couple them to plasmonic nanomaterials to enhance absorption of incident radiation. In this work, a variety of plasmonic nanoparticles were used to boost the photocurrent output of a Protein Electricity Generator (PEG). Mixing gold nanoparticles (NPs) of five different architectures into the photoprotein/electrolyte contents of the cell was found to increase device performance, the most effective being ∼120 nm diameter star-shaped clusters that caused a ∼six-fold increase in photocurrent at the optimum dopant level. In addition, high-resolution electrohydrodynamic printing was used to create parallel line and square lattice patterns of silver nanoparticle ink on the tungsten rear electrode of the cells. Patterns with a 700 nm spacing between lines boosted photocurrents by up to three-fold and the effects of the gold and silver nanoparticles were additive, such that the ideal combination produced a ∼19-fold increase in photocurrent and device efficiency. We attribute the elevated performance to plasmonic enhancement of absorbance and scattering effects that increase the path length for photons in the device. Use of rear electrodes with silver nanoparticle lines and grids at 1100 nm spacing did not increase photocurrents, highlighting the importance of precision printing of nanostructures for the enhancement of device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Paul
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore.
| | - Lakshmi Suresh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore.
| | - Yixin Chen
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University, 701 H.R. Bright Building, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Yaoxin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore.
| | - Fuad Indra Alzakia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore.
| | - Victor Vogt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, 207 Reed McDonald Building, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Michael R Jones
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
| | - Zi Jing Wong
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University, 701 H.R. Bright Building, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, 207 Reed McDonald Building, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Swee Ching Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Singapore.
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10
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Lavrishcheva T, Osipova G, Lavtishchev A, Zhapparova A, Saljnikov E. Morphometric and biochemical properties of Cichorium intybus L. var. foliosum as affected by duration of growing period. ZEMLJISTE I BILJKA 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/zembilj2202102l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cichorium intybus is a valuable crop due to its high nutritional and pharmaceutical value. In this work, the study of the effect of harvesting time on the biometric and biochemical properties of Cichorium intybus L. var. foliosum (chicory salad witloof) was carried out on five varieties. The period of vegetation affects rosette diameter, number of leaves and root weight. A strong correlation between the weight of roots before laying for forcing and the weight of forcing heads (r = 0.79) was revealed. The roots of variety Conus, managed to accumulate a sufficient amount of nutrients for the formation of heads in a 98 days. The accumulation of sugars in forcing heads depended on their initial content in roots with a 75% reliability (r = 0.75). The results showed that in the northern latitudes the forcing can be carried out in winter in any room without light at a temperature of 10 to 17°C. In addition, subsurface heating of the substrate or maintaining water in the containers with roots provided a larger yield of heads obtained in a shorter time.
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11
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A bound iron porphyrin is redox active in hybrid bacterial reaction centers modified to possess a four-helix bundle domain. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 21:91-99. [PMID: 34850374 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00142-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we report the design of hybrid reaction centers with a novel redox-active cofactor. Reaction centers perform the primary photochemistry of photosynthesis, namely the light-induced transfer of an electron from the bacteriochlorophyll dimer to a series of electron acceptors. Hybrid complexes were created by the fusion of an artificial four-helix bundle to the M-subunit of the reaction center. Despite the large modification, optical spectra show that the purified hybrid reaction centers assemble as active complexes that retain the characteristic cofactor absorption peaks and are capable of light-induced charge separation. The four-helix bundle could bind iron-protoporphyrin in either a reduced and oxidized state. After binding iron-protoporphyrin to the hybrid reaction centers, light excitation results in a new derivative signal with a maximum at 402 nm and minimum at 429 nm. This signal increases in amplitude with longer light durations and persists in the dark. No signal is observed when iron-protoporphyrin is added to reaction centers without the four-helix bundle domain or when a redox-inactive zinc-protoporphyrin is bound. The results are consistent with the signal arising from a new redox reaction, electron transfer from the iron-protoporphyrin to the oxidized bacteriochlorophyll dimer. These outcomes demonstrate the feasibility of binding porphyrins to the hybrid reaction centers to gain new light-driven functions.
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12
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Torabi N, Qiu X, López-Ortiz M, Loznik M, Herrmann A, Kermanpur A, Ashrafi A, Chiechi RC. Fullerenes Enhance Self-Assembly and Electron Injection of Photosystem I in Biophotovoltaic Devices. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:11465-11473. [PMID: 34544234 PMCID: PMC8495901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the fabrication of microfluidic devices with a focus on controlling the orientation of photosystem I (PSI) complexes, which directly affects the performance of biophotovoltaic devices by maximizing the efficiency of the extraction of electron/hole pairs from the complexes. The surface chemistry of the electrode on which the complexes assemble plays a critical role in their orientation. We compared the degree of orientation on self-assembled monolayers of phenyl-C61-butyric acid and a custom peptide on nanostructured gold electrodes. Biophotovoltaic devices fabricated with the C61 fulleroid exhibit significantly improved performance and reproducibility compared to those utilizing the peptide, yielding a 1.6-fold increase in efficiency. In addition, the C61-based devices were more stable under continuous illumination. Our findings show that fulleroids, which are well-known acceptor materials in organic photovoltaic devices, facilitate the extraction of electrons from PSI complexes without sacrificing control over the orientation of the complexes, highlighting this combination of traditional organic semiconductors with biomolecules as a viable approach to coopting natural photosynthetic systems for use in solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Torabi
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department
of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University
of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Xinkai Qiu
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel López-Ortiz
- IBEC—Institut
de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya, The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 15-21, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Network
Biomedical Research Center in Biomaterials, Bioengineering and Nanomedicine
(CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Mark Loznik
- Institute
of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI-Leibniz
Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Institute
of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI-Leibniz
Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ahmad Kermanpur
- Department
of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University
of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Ali Ashrafi
- Department
of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University
of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Ryan C. Chiechi
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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13
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Mondal S, Ghorai N, Bhunia S, Ghosh HN, Amdursky N. Long-range light-modulated charge transport across the molecular heterostructure doped protein biopolymers. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8731-8739. [PMID: 34257872 PMCID: PMC8246076 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00487e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological electron transfer (ET) across proteins is ubiquitous, such as the notable photosynthesis example, where light-induced charge separation takes place within the reaction center, followed by sequential ET via intramolecular cofactors within the protein. Far from biology, carbon dots (C-Dots) with their unique optoelectronic properties can be considered as game-changers for next-generation advanced technologies. Here, we use C-Dots for making heterostructure (HS) configurations by conjugating them to a natural ET mediator, the hemin molecule, thus making an electron donor-acceptor system. We show by transient absorption and emission spectroscopy that the rapid intramolecular charge separation happens following light excitation, which can be ascribed to an ultrafast electron and hole transfer (HT) from the C-Dot donor to the hemin acceptor. Upon integrating the HS into a protein matrix, we show that this HT within the HS configuration is 3.3 times faster compared to the same process in solution, indicating the active role of the protein in supporting the rapid light-induced long-range intermolecular charge separation. We further use impedance, electrochemical, and transient photocurrent measurements to show that the light-induced transient charge separation results in an enhanced ET and HT efficiency across the protein biopolymer. The charge conduction across our protein biopolymers, reaching nearly 0.01 S cm-1, along with the simplicity and low-cost of their formation promotes their use in a variety of optoelectronic devices, such as artificial photosynthesis, photo-responsive protonic-electronic transistors, and photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somen Mondal
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, Marathwada Campus Jalna Maharashtra 431 203 India
| | - Nandan Ghorai
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Mohali Punjab 160064 India
| | - Soumyadip Bhunia
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India
| | - Hirendra N Ghosh
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology Mohali Punjab 160064 India
| | - Nadav Amdursky
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel
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14
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Amoruso G, Liu J, Polak DW, Tiwari K, Jones MR, Oliver TAA. High-Efficiency Excitation Energy Transfer in Biohybrid Quantum Dot-Bacterial Reaction Center Nanoconjugates. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5448-5455. [PMID: 34081477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Reaction centers (RCs) are the pivotal component of natural photosystems, converting solar energy into the potential difference between separated electrons and holes that is used to power much of biology. RCs from anoxygenic purple photosynthetic bacteria such as Rhodobacter sphaeroides only weakly absorb much of the visible region of the solar spectrum, which limits their overall light-harvesting capacity. For in vitro applications such as biohybrid photodevices, this deficiency can be addressed by effectively coupling RCs with synthetic light-harvesting materials. Here, we studied the time scale and efficiency of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) in a nanoconjugate assembled from a synthetic quantum dot (QD) antenna and a tailored RC engineered to be fluorescent. Time-correlated single-photon counting spectroscopy of biohybrid conjugates enabled the direct determination of FRET from QDs to attached RCs on a time scale of 26.6 ± 0.1 ns and with a high efficiency of 0.75 ± 0.01.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Amoruso
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Juntai Liu
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Daniel W Polak
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Kavita Tiwari
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K
| | - Michael R Jones
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K
| | - Thomas A A Oliver
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
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15
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Kasagi G, Yoneda Y, Kondo M, Miyasaka H, Nagasawa Y, Dewa T. Enhanced light harvesting and photocurrent generation activities of biohybrid light–harvesting 1–reaction center core complexes (LH1-RCs) from Rhodopseudomonas palustris. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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16
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Białek R, Thakur K, Ruff A, Jones MR, Schuhmann W, Ramanan C, Gibasiewicz K. Insight into Electron Transfer from a Redox Polymer to a Photoactive Protein. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:11123-11132. [PMID: 33236901 PMCID: PMC7735723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Biohybrid photoelectrochemical systems in photovoltaic or biosensor applications have gained considerable attention in recent years. While the photoactive proteins engaged in such systems usually maintain an internal charge separation quantum yield of nearly 100%, the subsequent steps of electron and hole transfer beyond the protein often limit the overall system efficiency and their kinetics remain largely uncharacterized. To reveal the dynamics of one of such charge-transfer reactions, we report on the reduction of Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction centers (RCs) by Os-complex-modified redox polymers (P-Os) characterized using transient absorption spectroscopy. RCs and P-Os were mixed in buffered solution in different molar ratios in the presence of a water-soluble quinone as an electron acceptor. Electron transfer from P-Os to the photoexcited RCs could be described by a three-exponential function, the fastest lifetime of which was on the order of a few microseconds, which is a few orders of magnitude faster than the internal charge recombination of RCs with fully separated charge. This was similar to the lifetime for the reduction of RCs by their natural electron donor, cytochrome c2. The rate of electron donation increased with increasing ratio of polymer to protein concentrations. It is proposed that P-Os and RCs engage in electrostatic interactions to form complexes, the sizes of which depend on the polymer-to-protein ratio. Our findings throw light on the processes within hydrogel-based biophotovoltaic devices and will inform the future design of materials optimally suited for this application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Białek
- Faculty
of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu
Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Kalyani Thakur
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Adrian Ruff
- Analytical
Chemistry—Center for Electrochemical Sciences, Faculty of Biochemistry
and Chemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael R. Jones
- School
of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K.
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical
Chemistry—Center for Electrochemical Sciences, Faculty of Biochemistry
and Chemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Charusheela Ramanan
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Gibasiewicz
- Faculty
of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu
Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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17
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Abstract
Transmembrane proteins involved in metabolic redox reactions and photosynthesis catalyse a plethora of key energy-conversion processes and are thus of great interest for bioelectrocatalysis-based applications. The development of membrane protein modified electrodes has made it possible to efficiently exchange electrons between proteins and electrodes, allowing mechanistic studies and potentially applications in biofuels generation and energy conversion. Here, we summarise the most common electrode modification and their characterisation techniques for membrane proteins involved in biofuels conversion and semi-artificial photosynthesis. We discuss the challenges of applications of membrane protein modified electrodes for bioelectrocatalysis and comment on emerging methods and future directions, including recent advances in membrane protein reconstitution strategies and the development of microbial electrosynthesis and whole-cell semi-artificial photosynthesis.
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18
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George DM, Vincent AS, Mackey HR. An overview of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria and their applications in environmental biotechnology for sustainable Resource recovery. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 28:e00563. [PMID: 33304839 PMCID: PMC7714679 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (APB) are a phylogenetically diverse group of organisms that can harness solar energy for their growth and metabolism. These bacteria vary broadly in terms of their metabolism as well as the composition of their photosynthetic apparatus. Unlike oxygenic phototrophic bacteria such as algae and cyanobacteria, APB can use both organic and inorganic electron donors for light-dependent fixation of carbon dioxide without generating oxygen. Their versatile metabolism, ability to adapt in extreme conditions, low maintenance cost and high biomass yield make APB ideal for wastewater treatment, resource recovery and in the production of high value substances. This review highlights the advantages of APB over algae and cyanobacteria, and their applications in photo-bioelectrochemical systems, production of poly-β-hydroxyalkanoates, single-cell protein, biofertilizers and pigments. The ecology of ABP, their distinguishing factors, various physiochemical parameters governing the production of high-value substances and future directions of APB utilization are also discussed.
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Key Words
- ALA, 5-Aminolevulinic acid
- APB, Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria
- Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (APB)
- BChl, Bacteriochlorophyll
- BES, Bioelectrochemical systems
- BPV, Biophotovoltaic
- BPh, Bacteriopheophytin
- Bacteriochlorophyll (BChl)
- Chl, Chlorophyll
- CoQ10, Coenzyme Q10
- DET, Direct electron transfer
- DNA, Deoxyribonucleic acid
- DO, Dissolved oxygen
- DXP, 1 deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate
- FPP, Farnesyl pyrophosphate
- Fe-S, Iron-Sulfur
- GNSB, Green non sulfur bacteria
- GSB, Green sulfur bacteria
- IPP, Isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase
- LED, light emitting diode
- LH2, light-harvesting component II
- MFC, Microbial fuel cell
- MVA, Mevalonate
- PH3B, Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate
- PHA, Poly-β-hydroxyalkanoates
- PHB, Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate
- PNSB, Purple non sulfur bacteria
- PPB, Purple phototrophic bacteria
- PSB, Purple sulfur bacteria
- Pheo-Q, Pheophytin-Quinone
- Photo-BES, Photosynthetic bioelectrochemical systems
- Photo-MFC, Photo microbial fuel cell
- Poly-β-hydroxyalkanoates (PHA)
- Purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB)
- Resource recovery
- RuBisCO, Ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase
- SCP, Single-cell protein
- SOB, Sulfide oxidizing bacteria
- SRB, Sulfate reducing bacteria
- Single-cell proteins (SCP)
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Affiliation(s)
- Drishya M. George
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Annette S. Vincent
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- Biological Sciences Program, Carnegie Mellon University in Qatar, Qatar
| | - Hamish R. Mackey
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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19
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Keeble AH, Howarth M. Power to the protein: enhancing and combining activities using the Spy toolbox. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7281-7291. [PMID: 33552459 PMCID: PMC7844731 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01878c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins span an extraordinary range of shapes, sizes and functionalities. Therefore generic approaches are needed to overcome this diversity and stream-line protein analysis or application. Here we review SpyTag technology, now used in hundreds of publications or patents, and its potential for detecting and controlling protein behaviour. SpyTag forms a spontaneous and irreversible isopeptide bond upon binding its protein partner SpyCatcher, where both parts are genetically-encoded. New variants of this pair allow reaction at a rate approaching the diffusion limit, while reversible versions allow purification of SpyTagged proteins or tuned dynamic interaction inside cells. Anchoring of SpyTag-linked proteins has been established to diverse nanoparticles or surfaces, including gold, graphene and the air/water interface. SpyTag/SpyCatcher is mechanically stable, so is widely used for investigating protein folding and force sensitivity. A toolbox of scaffolds allows SpyTag-fusions to be assembled into defined multimers, from dimers to 180-mers, or unlimited 1D, 2D or 3D networks. Icosahedral multimers are being evaluated for vaccination against malaria, HIV and cancer. For enzymes, Spy technology has increased resilience, promoted substrate channelling, and assembled hydrogels for continuous flow biocatalysis. Combinatorial increase in functionality has been achieved through modular derivatisation of antibodies, light-emitting diodes or viral vectors. In living cells, SpyTag allowed imaging of protein trafficking, retargeting of CAR-T cell killing, investigation of heart contraction, and control of nucleosome position. The simple genetic encoding and rapid irreversible reaction provide diverse opportunities to enhance protein function. We describe limitations as well as future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony H Keeble
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , Oxford , OX1 3QU , UK . ; Tel: +44 (0)1865 613200
| | - Mark Howarth
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , Oxford , OX1 3QU , UK . ; Tel: +44 (0)1865 613200
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20
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Grattieri M, Beaver K, Gaffney EM, Dong F, Minteer SD. Advancing the fundamental understanding and practical applications of photo-bioelectrocatalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8553-8568. [PMID: 32578607 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02672g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Photo-bioelectrocatalysis combines the natural and highly sophisticated process of photosynthesis in biological entities with an abiotic electrode surface, to perform semi-artificial photosynthesis. However, challenges must be overcome, from the establishment and understanding of the photoexcited electron harvesting process at the electrode to the electrochemical characterization of these biotic/abiotic systems, and their subsequent tuning for enhancing energy generation (chemical and/or electrical). This Feature Article discusses the various approaches utilized to tackle these challenges, particularly focusing on powerful multi-disciplinary approaches for understanding and improving photo-bioelectrocatalysis. Among them is the combination of experimental evidence and quantum mechanical calculations, the use of bioinformatics to understand photo-bioelectrocatalysis at a metabolic level, or bioengineering to improve and facilitate photo-bioelectrocatalysis. Key aspects for the future development of photo-bioelectrocatalysis are presented alongside future research needs and promising applications of semi-artificial photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Grattieri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Rm 2020, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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