1
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Niu H, Ma J, Gan L, Li K. The Acid Roles of PtSn@Al 2O 3 in the Synthesis and Performance of Propane Dehydrogenation. Molecules 2024; 29:2959. [PMID: 38998911 PMCID: PMC11243666 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29132959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, a PtSn/Al2O3 catalyst with bimetallic uniform distribution in the sphere was synthesized. The PDH performance and characterization analyses, such as with FTIR, XPS, and NH3-TPD, were investigated. The effects of acid on the PDH performance were analyzed. Citric acid (CA) acted as a competing adsorbent in the preparation process of the PtSn/Al2O3 catalyst to synthesize the uniform catalyst. Water washing and alkali-treated samples were also studied. SEM line scanning revealed that increased the apparent concentration of Pt metal from 0.23 to 0.30 with citric acid. In contrast to the fresh PtSn/Al2O3 catalyst, the addition of citric acid increased the PDH selectivity from 74% to 93%. After alkali or water washing treatments, the catalyst's selectivity further increased to 96%. Strong acid sites promoted the breaking of C-C bonds during the PDH reaction, resulting in more methane and ethylene byproducts, and decreased catalyst selectivity for fresh PtSn/Al2O3. From the PDH reaction thermodynamic analysis, a relatively sub-atmospheric pressure environment with a lower propane pressure could be the reasonable choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejingying Niu
- School of Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jinhua Ma
- School of Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lina Gan
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Kezhi Li
- Institute of Engineering Technology, Sinopec Catalyst Co., Ltd., Beijing 101111, China
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2
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Nassereddine A, Prat A, Ould-Chikh S, Lahera E, Proux O, Delnet W, Costes A, Maurin I, Kieffer I, Min S, Rovezzi M, Testemale D, Cerrillo Olmo JL, Gascon J, Hazemann JL, Aguilar Tapia A. Novel high-pressure/high-temperature reactor cell for in situ and operando x-ray absorption spectroscopy studies of heterogeneous catalysts at synchrotron facilities. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2024; 95:055103. [PMID: 38690984 DOI: 10.1063/5.0202557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents the development of a novel high-pressure/high-temperature reactor cell dedicated to the characterization of catalysts using synchrotron x-ray absorption spectroscopy under operando conditions. The design of the vitreous carbon reactor allows its use as a plug-flow reactor, monitoring catalyst samples in a powder form with a continuous gas flow at high-temperature (up to 1000 °C) and under high pressure (up to 1000 bar) conditions, depending on the gas environment. The high-pressure/high-temperature reactor cell incorporates an automated gas distribution system and offers the capability to operate in both transmission and fluorescence detection modes. The operando x-ray absorption spectroscopy results obtained on a bimetallic InCo catalyst during CO2 hydrogenation reaction at 300 °C and 50 bar are presented, replicating the conditions of a conventional microreactor. The complete setup is available for users and permanently installed on the Collaborating Research Groups French Absorption spectroscopy beamline in Material and Environmental (CRG-FAME) sciences and French Absorption spectroscopy beamline in Material and Environmental sciences at ultra-high dilution (FAME-UHD) beamlines (BM30 and BM16) at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble, France.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alain Prat
- Institut Néel, UPR 2940 CNRS - Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38000, France
| | - Samy Ould-Chikh
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eric Lahera
- OSUG, UAR 832 CNRS - Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Proux
- OSUG, UAR 832 CNRS - Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - William Delnet
- OSUG, UAR 832 CNRS - Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Anael Costes
- Institut Néel, UPR 2940 CNRS - Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38000, France
| | - Isabelle Maurin
- Institut Néel, UPR 2940 CNRS - Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38000, France
| | - Isabelle Kieffer
- OSUG, UAR 832 CNRS - Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Sophie Min
- OSUG, UAR 832 CNRS - Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Mauro Rovezzi
- OSUG, UAR 832 CNRS - Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Denis Testemale
- Institut Néel, UPR 2940 CNRS - Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38000, France
| | - Jose Luis Cerrillo Olmo
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jorge Gascon
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Advanced Catalytic Materials, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jean-Louis Hazemann
- Institut Néel, UPR 2940 CNRS - Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38000, France
| | - Antonio Aguilar Tapia
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, UAR2607 CNRS- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38000, France
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3
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Liu Z, Mao M, Yangcheng R, Lv S. Investigating the Sole Olefin-Based Cycle in Small-Cage MCM-35-Catalyzed Methanol-to-Olefins Reactions. Molecules 2024; 29:2037. [PMID: 38731528 PMCID: PMC11085503 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Small-pore zeolites catalyze the methanol-to-olefins (MTO) reaction via a dual-cycle mechanism, encompassing both olefin- and aromatic-based cycles. Zeolite topology is crucial in determining both the catalytic pathway and the product selectivity of the MTO reaction. Herein, we investigate the mechanistic influence of MCM-35 zeolite on the MTO process. The structural properties of the as-synthesized MCM-35 catalyst, including its confined cages (6.19 Å), were characterized, confirming them as the catalytic centers. Then, the MTO reactions were systematically performed and investigated over a MCM-35 catalyst. Feeding pure methanol to the reactor yielded minimal MTO activity despite the formation of some aromatic species within the zeolite. The results suggest that the aromatic-based cycle is entirely suppressed in MCM-35, preventing the simultaneous occurrence of the olefin-based cycle. However, cofeeding a small amount of propene in methanol can obviously enhance the methanol conversion under the same studied reaction conditions. Thus, the exclusive operation of the olefin-based cycle in the MTO reaction, independent of the aromatic-based cycle, was demonstrated in MCM-35 zeolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Liu
- Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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4
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Bols ML, Ma J, Rammal F, Plessers D, Wu X, Navarro-Jaén S, Heyer AJ, Sels BF, Solomon EI, Schoonheydt RA. In Situ UV-Vis-NIR Absorption Spectroscopy and Catalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2352-2418. [PMID: 38408190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
This review highlights in situ UV-vis-NIR range absorption spectroscopy in catalysis. A variety of experimental techniques identifying reaction mechanisms, kinetics, and structural properties are discussed. Stopped flow techniques, use of laser pulses, and use of experimental perturbations are demonstrated for in situ studies of enzymatic, homogeneous, heterogeneous, and photocatalysis. They access different time scales and are applicable to different reaction systems and catalyst types. In photocatalysis, femto- and nanosecond resolved measurements through transient absorption are discussed for tracking excited states. UV-vis-NIR absorption spectroscopies for structural characterization are demonstrated especially for Cu and Fe exchanged zeolites and metalloenzymes. This requires combining different spectroscopies. Combining magnetic circular dichroism and resonance Raman spectroscopy is especially powerful. A multitude of phenomena can be tracked on transition metal catalysts on various supports, including changes in oxidation state, adsorptions, reactions, support interactions, surface plasmon resonances, and band gaps. Measurements of oxidation states, oxygen vacancies, and band gaps are shown on heterogeneous catalysts, especially for electrocatalysis. UV-vis-NIR absorption is burdened by broad absorption bands. Advanced analysis techniques enable the tracking of coking reactions on acid zeolites despite convoluted spectra. The value of UV-vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy to catalyst characterization and mechanistic investigation is clear but could be expanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max L Bols
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), University of Ghent, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 125, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fatima Rammal
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dieter Plessers
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xuejiao Wu
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Navarro-Jaén
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexander J Heyer
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Bert F Sels
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Edward I Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Robert A Schoonheydt
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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5
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Cordero-Lanzac T, Capel Berdiell I, Airi A, Chung SH, Mancuso JL, Redekop EA, Fabris C, Figueroa-Quintero L, Navarro de Miguel JC, Narciso J, Ramos-Fernandez EV, Svelle S, Van Speybroeck V, Ruiz-Martínez J, Bordiga S, Olsbye U. Transitioning from Methanol to Olefins (MTO) toward a Tandem CO 2 Hydrogenation Process: On the Role and Fate of Heteroatoms (Mg, Si) in MAPO-18 Zeotypes. JACS AU 2024; 4:744-759. [PMID: 38425934 PMCID: PMC10900493 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The tandem CO2 hydrogenation to hydrocarbons over mixed metal oxide/zeolite catalysts (OXZEO) is an efficient way of producing value-added hydrocarbons (platform chemicals and fuels) directly from CO2via methanol intermediate in a single reactor. In this contribution, two MAPO-18 zeotypes (M = Mg, Si) were tested and their performance was compared under methanol-to-olefins (MTO) conditions (350 °C, PCH3OH = 0.04 bar, 6.5 gCH3OH h-1 g-1), methanol/CO/H2 cofeed conditions (350 °C, PCH3OH/PCO/PH2 = 1:7.3:21.7 bar, 2.5 gCH3OH h-1 g-1), and tandem CO2 hydrogenation-to-olefin conditions (350 °C, PCO2/PH2 = 7.5:22.5 bar, 1.4-12.0 gMAPO-18 h molCO2-1). In the latter case, the zeotypes were mixed with a fixed amount of ZnO:ZrO2 catalyst, well-known for the conversion of CO2/H2 to methanol. Focus was set on the methanol conversion activity, product selectivity, and performance stability with time-on-stream. In situ and ex situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), sorption experiments, and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) calculations were performed to correlate material performance with material characteristics. The catalytic tests demonstrated the better performance of MgAPO-18 versus SAPO-18 at MTO conditions, the much superior performance of MgAPO-18 under methanol/CO/H2 cofeeds, and yet the increasingly similar performance of the two materials under tandem conditions upon increasing the zeotype-to-oxide ratio in the tandem catalyst bed. In situ FT-IR measurements coupled with AIMD calculations revealed differences in the MTO initiation mechanism between the two materials. SAPO-18 promoted initial CO2 formation, indicative of a formaldehyde-based decarboxylation mechanism, while CO and ketene were the main constituents of the initiation pool in MgAPO-18, suggesting a decarbonylation mechanism. Under tandem CO2 hydrogenation conditions, the presence of high water concentrations and low methanol partial pressure in the reaction medium led to lower, and increasingly similar, methanol turnover frequencies for the zeotypes. Despite both MAPO-18 zeotypes showing signs of activity loss upon storage due to the interaction of the sites with ambient humidity, they presented a remarkable stability after reaching steady state under tandem reaction conditions and after steaming and regeneration cycles at high temperatures. Water adsorption experiments at room temperature confirmed this observation. The faster activity loss observed in the Mg version is assigned to its harder Mg2+-ion character and the higher concentration of CHA defects in the AEI structure, identified by solid-state NMR and XRD. The low stability of a MgAPO-34 zeotype (CHA structure) upon storage corroborated the relationship between CHA defects and instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Cordero-Lanzac
- Department
of Chemistry, SMN Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Izar Capel Berdiell
- Department
of Chemistry, SMN Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Alessia Airi
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS Center and INSTM Reference Center, University of Turin, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Sang-Ho Chung
- KAUST
Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jenna L. Mancuso
- Center
for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Evgeniy A. Redekop
- Department
of Chemistry, SMN Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Claudia Fabris
- Department
of Chemistry, SMN Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Leidy Figueroa-Quintero
- Inorganic
Chemistry Department, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, University Materials Institute of Alicante, University
of Alicante, Apartado 99, Alicante 03080, Spain
| | - Juan C. Navarro de Miguel
- KAUST
Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javier Narciso
- Inorganic
Chemistry Department, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, University Materials Institute of Alicante, University
of Alicante, Apartado 99, Alicante 03080, Spain
| | - Enrique V. Ramos-Fernandez
- Inorganic
Chemistry Department, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, University Materials Institute of Alicante, University
of Alicante, Apartado 99, Alicante 03080, Spain
| | - Stian Svelle
- Department
of Chemistry, SMN Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Javier Ruiz-Martínez
- KAUST
Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS Center and INSTM Reference Center, University of Turin, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Unni Olsbye
- Department
of Chemistry, SMN Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
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6
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Vollmer I, Jenks MJF, Rejman S, Meirer F, Gurinov A, Baldus M, Weckhuysen BM. Unravelling potential reaction intermediates during catalytic pyrolysis of polypropylene with microscopy and spectroscopy. Catal Sci Technol 2024; 14:894-902. [PMID: 38379714 PMCID: PMC10876043 DOI: 10.1039/d3cy01473h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
While plastics-to-plastics recycling via melting and re-extrusion is often the preferred option due to a relatively low CO2 footprint, this technique requires a highly sorted waste stream and plastic properties can often not be maintained. Obtaining aromatics, such as benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX), via catalytic pyrolysis of polyolefins, such as polypropylene and polyethylene, offers another attractive recycling technology. In this process, a discarded crude oil refinery catalyst (ECAT) was previously shown to lower the unwanted formation of deactivating coke species compared to a fresh crude oil refinery catalyst (FCC-cat), while yielding 20 wt% aromatics from polypropylene. In this work, we study the underlying reaction mechanism for this chemical recycling process over the fresh and used refinery catalyst as well as a model system, not containing any zeolite material, using a combination of microscopy and spectroscopy. More specifically, by using in situ fluorescence microscopy, in situ infrared spectroscopy, in situ ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy as well as ex situ solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, we observe highly fluorescent methylated aromatic intermediates that differ for the three catalyst materials under study both in their fluorescence, IR, UV-vis, and NMR spectroscopy features. This detailed micro-spectroscopic comparison informs which potential reaction intermediates lead to increased coke formation. Our results suggests that a next generation of catalyst materials for this process would profit from a higher accessibility and a milder acidity compared to an FCC-cat and shows the great potential of using ECAT to reduce coking and obtain a BTX stream, which could be become the chemical building blocks for the manufacturing of e.g., plastics and coating materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Vollmer
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Michael J F Jenks
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Rejman
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Florian Meirer
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Andrei Gurinov
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University Padualaan 8 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marc Baldus
- NMR Spectroscopy, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University Padualaan 8 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Bert M Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
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7
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Yi X, Chen W, Xiao Y, Liu F, Yu X, Zheng A. Spectroscopically Visualizing the Evolution of Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27471-27479. [PMID: 37993784 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Understanding chemical bond variations is the soul of chemistry as it is essential for any chemical process. The evolution of hydrogen bonds is one of the most fundamental and emblematic events during proton transfer; however, its experimental visualization remains a formidable challenge because of the transient timescales. Herein, by subtly regulating the proton-donating ability of distinct proton donors (zeolites or tungstophosphoric acid), a series of different hydrogen-bonding configurations were precisely manipulated. Then, an advanced two-dimensional (2D) heteronuclear correlation nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic technique was utilized to simultaneously monitor the electronic properties of proton donors and acceptors (2-13C-acetone or trimethylphosphine oxide) through chemical shifts. Parabolic 1H-13C NMR relationships combined with single-well and double-well potential energy surfaces derived from theoretical simulations quantitatively identified the hydrogen bond types and allowed the evolution of hydrogen bonds to be visualized in diverse acid-base interaction complexes during proton transfer. Our findings provide a new perspective to reveal the nature and evolution of hydrogen bonds and confirm the superiority of 2D NMR techniques in identifying the subtle distinctions of various hydrogen-bonding configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Yao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Fengqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Anmin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of NMR and Molecular Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, P. R. China
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8
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Filosa C, Gong X, Bavykina A, Chowdhury AD, Gallo JMR, Gascon J. Enabling the Methanol Economy: Opportunities and Challenges for Heterogeneous Catalysis in the Production of Liquid Fuels via Methanol. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:3492-3503. [PMID: 37991494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusThirty years ago, George A. Olah proposed the concept of the methanol economy, where methanol replaces fossil fuels as a means of energy storage, ground transportation fuel, and raw material for the manufacture of other carbon-based products. Over the years, with rising global warming concerns, the concept has evolved. A special interest is devoted to the development of catalytic processes that allow the transformation of carbon dioxide, via methanol, into CO2 neutral liquid hydrocarbons. These products could replace the oil-based fuels currently used by combustion engines. The rapid depletion of such fuels would avoid a considerable amount of CO2 emissions during the current energy transition.Over the past decade, we have focused on different key processes that should allow for maximal atom efficiency and, therefore, minimal energy consumption in a field, CO2 valorization, that can easily become a zero-sum game. In this Account, we highlight the importance of catalyst design to overcome the process challenges in the production of liquid fuels from methanol. Additionally, progress in multifunctional catalysts able to directly convert, in one single reactor, CO2 to liquid fuels is also discussed in detail. This integrated option is of particular interest since it allows an important decrease in operational units while increasing throughput by converting, in situ, a thermodynamically limited intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Filosa
- Advanced Catalytic Materials (ACM), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xuan Gong
- Advanced Catalytic Materials (ACM), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anastasiya Bavykina
- Advanced Catalytic Materials (ACM), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Jean Marcel R Gallo
- Advanced Catalytic Materials (ACM), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jorge Gascon
- Advanced Catalytic Materials (ACM), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Van Speybroeck V, Bocus M, Cnudde P, Vanduyfhuys L. Operando Modeling of Zeolite-Catalyzed Reactions Using First-Principles Molecular Dynamics Simulations. ACS Catal 2023; 13:11455-11493. [PMID: 37671178 PMCID: PMC10476167 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c01945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Within this Perspective, we critically reflect on the role of first-principles molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in unraveling the catalytic function within zeolites under operating conditions. First-principles MD simulations refer to methods where the dynamics of the nuclei is followed in time by integrating the Newtonian equations of motion on a potential energy surface that is determined by solving the quantum-mechanical many-body problem for the electrons. Catalytic solids used in industrial applications show an intriguing high degree of complexity, with phenomena taking place at a broad range of length and time scales. Additionally, the state and function of a catalyst critically depend on the operating conditions, such as temperature, moisture, presence of water, etc. Herein we show by means of a series of exemplary cases how first-principles MD simulations are instrumental to unravel the catalyst complexity at the molecular scale. Examples show how the nature of reactive species at higher catalytic temperatures may drastically change compared to species at lower temperatures and how the nature of active sites may dynamically change upon exposure to water. To simulate rare events, first-principles MD simulations need to be used in combination with enhanced sampling techniques to efficiently sample low-probability regions of phase space. Using these techniques, it is shown how competitive pathways at operating conditions can be discovered and how broad transition state regions can be explored. Interestingly, such simulations can also be used to study hindered diffusion under operating conditions. The cases shown clearly illustrate how first-principles MD simulations reveal insights into the catalytic function at operating conditions, which could not be discovered using static or local approaches where only a few points are considered on the potential energy surface (PES). Despite these advantages, some major hurdles still exist to fully integrate first-principles MD methods in a standard computational catalytic workflow or to use the output of MD simulations as input for multiple length/time scale methods that aim to bridge to the reactor scale. First of all, methods are needed that allow us to evaluate the interatomic forces with quantum-mechanical accuracy, albeit at a much lower computational cost compared to currently used density functional theory (DFT) methods. The use of DFT limits the currently attainable length/time scales to hundreds of picoseconds and a few nanometers, which are much smaller than realistic catalyst particle dimensions and time scales encountered in the catalysis process. One solution could be to construct machine learning potentials (MLPs), where a numerical potential is derived from underlying quantum-mechanical data, which could be used in subsequent MD simulations. As such, much longer length and time scales could be reached; however, quite some research is still necessary to construct MLPs for the complex systems encountered in industrially used catalysts. Second, most currently used enhanced sampling techniques in catalysis make use of collective variables (CVs), which are mostly determined based on chemical intuition. To explore complex reactive networks with MD simulations, methods are needed that allow the automatic discovery of CVs or methods that do not rely on a priori definition of CVs. Recently, various data-driven methods have been proposed, which could be explored for complex catalytic systems. Lastly, first-principles MD methods are currently mostly used to investigate local reactive events. We hope that with the rise of data-driven methods and more efficient methods to describe the PES, first-principles MD methods will in the future also be able to describe longer length/time scale processes in catalysis. This might lead to a consistent dynamic description of all steps-diffusion, adsorption, and reaction-as they take place at the catalyst particle level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Massimo Bocus
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Pieter Cnudde
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Louis Vanduyfhuys
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
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10
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Xing S, Turner S, Fu D, van Vreeswijk S, Liu Y, Xiao J, Oord R, Sann J, Weckhuysen BM. Silicalite-1 Layer Secures the Bifunctional Nature of a CO 2 Hydrogenation Catalyst. JACS AU 2023; 3:1029-1038. [PMID: 37124291 PMCID: PMC10131208 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Close proximity usually shortens the travel distance of reaction intermediates, thus able to promote the catalytic performance of CO2 hydrogenation by a bifunctional catalyst, such as the widely reported In2O3/H-ZSM-5. However, nanoscale proximity (e.g., powder mixing, PM) more likely causes the fast deactivation of the catalyst, probably due to the migration of metals (e.g., In) that not only neutralizes the acid sites of zeolites but also leads to the reconstruction of the In2O3 surface, thus resulting in catalyst deactivation. Additionally, zeolite coking is another potential deactivation factor when dealing with this methanol-mediated CO2 hydrogenation process. Herein, we reported a facile approach to overcome these three challenges by coating a layer of silicalite-1 (S-1) shell outside a zeolite H-ZSM-5 crystal for the In2O3/H-ZSM-5-catalyzed CO2 hydrogenation. More specifically, the S-1 layer (1) restrains the migration of indium that preserved the acidity of H-ZSM-5 and at the same time (2) prevents the over-reduction of the In2O3 phase and (3) improves the catalyst lifetime by suppressing the aromatic cycle in a methanol-to-hydrocarbon conversion step. As such, the activity for the synthesis of C2 + hydrocarbons under nanoscale proximity (PM) was successfully obtained. Moreover, an enhanced performance was observed for the S-1-coated catalyst under microscale proximity (e.g., granule mixing, GM) in comparison to the S-1-coating-free counterpart. This work highlights an effective shielding strategy to secure the bifunctional nature of a CO2 hydrogenation catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyou Xing
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute
for Nanomaterial Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular
Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Guangzhou
Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key
Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory
of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Savannah Turner
- Materials
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute
for Nanomaterial Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Donglong Fu
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute
for Nanomaterial Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular
Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie van Vreeswijk
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute
for Nanomaterial Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular
Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yuanshuai Liu
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute
for Nanomaterial Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular
Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jiadong Xiao
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute
for Nanomaterial Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular
Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ramon Oord
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute
for Nanomaterial Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular
Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim Sann
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Center for Materials
Research (LaMa), Justus-Liebig-University, Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute
for Nanomaterial Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular
Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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11
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Le TT, Qin W, Agarwal A, Nikolopoulos N, Fu D, Patton MD, Weiland C, Bare SR, Palmer JC, Weckhuysen BM, Rimer JD. Elemental zoning enhances mass transport in zeolite catalysts for methanol to hydrocarbons. Nat Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-023-00927-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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12
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Sakha MR, Halimitabrizi P, Soltanali S, Ektefa F, Hajjar Z, Salari D. Sustainable product-based approach in the production of olefins using a dual functional ZSM-5 catalyst. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7514-7523. [PMID: 36908541 PMCID: PMC9993066 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00037k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigation of the current industrial processes, such as methanol to olefin (MTO) and hexane to olefin (HTO), in terms of green and sustainable chemistry approaches in order to design the process, catalyst and reactor from the beginning in such a way as to minimize environmental pollution is compulsory. Therefore, the synthesis of a group of multifunctional catalysts, which can be used simultaneously in both industrial processes to produce a variety of products, was studied. The effect of incorporation of different metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Ga and Al) on the strengthening of each of the products was also studied. The investigation of reactor productivity (WHSVHTO = 25) in HTO showed that the production efficiency of propylene in microchannels is higher than the ideal value for all samples, which is a significant improvement for sustainable approaches in future technologies. Considering the overall performances, Ga-ZM showed the best performance in both processes due to the high P/E ratio. The significant effect of Ga on the increasing of propylene was confirmed in MTO at 400 °C (P/E ≃ ∞), which indicated the dramatic effect of this metal in directing the reaction mechanism to an olefin-based cycle by converting almost all ethylene to propylene by methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Rostami Sakha
- Reactor and Catalysis Research Lab., Department of Chemistry, University of Tabriz Iran
| | - Parya Halimitabrizi
- Reactor and Catalysis Research Lab., Department of Chemistry, University of Tabriz Iran
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz Iran
| | - Saeed Soltanali
- Catalysis Technologies Development Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Tehran Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ektefa
- Catalysis Technologies Development Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Tehran Iran
| | - Zeinab Hajjar
- Nanotechnology Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Tehran Iran
| | - Dariush Salari
- Reactor and Catalysis Research Lab., Department of Chemistry, University of Tabriz Iran
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13
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Liutkova A, Zhang H, Simons JFM, Mezari B, Mirolo M, Garcia GA, Hensen EJM, Kosinov N. Ca Cations Impact the Local Environment inside HZSM-5 Pores during the Methanol-to-Hydrocarbons Reaction. ACS Catal 2023; 13:3471-3484. [PMID: 36970466 PMCID: PMC10028611 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The methanol-to-hydrocarbons (MTH) process is an industrially relevant method to produce valuable light olefins such as propylene. One of the ways to enhance propylene selectivity is to modify zeolite catalysts with alkaline earth cations. The underlying mechanistic aspects of this type of promotion are not well understood. Here, we study the interaction of Ca2+ with reaction intermediates and products formed during the MTH reaction. Using transient kinetic and spectroscopic tools, we find strong indications that the selectivity differences between Ca/ZSM-5 and HZSM-5 are related to the different local environment inside the pores due to the presence of Ca2+. In particular, Ca/ZSM-5 strongly retains water, hydrocarbons, and oxygenates, which occupy as much as 10% of the micropores during the ongoing MTH reaction. This change in the effective pore geometry affects the formation of hydrocarbon pool components and in this way directs the MTH reaction toward the olefin cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Liutkova
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jérôme F. M. Simons
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Brahim Mezari
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Mirolo
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Gustavo A. Garcia
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, St Aubin, B.P. 48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Emiel J. M. Hensen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Nikolay Kosinov
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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14
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Yi X, Xiao Y, Xia C, Liu F, Liu Y, Hui Y, Yu X, Qin Y, Chen W, Liu Z, Song L, Zheng A. Adsorbate-driven dynamic active sites in stannosilicate zeolites. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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15
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Gong X, Ye Y, Chowdhury AD. Evaluating the Role of Descriptor- and Spectator-Type Reaction Intermediates During the Early Phases of Zeolite Catalysis. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiru Ye
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Abhishek Dutta Chowdhury
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei People’s Republic of China
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16
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van Vreeswijk S, Monai M, Oord R, Schmidt JE, Parvulescu AN, Yarulina I, Karwacki L, Poplawsky JD, Weckhuysen BM. Detecting Cage Crossing and Filling Clusters of Magnesium and Carbon Atoms in Zeolite SSZ-13 with Atom Probe Tomography. JACS AU 2022; 2:2501-2513. [PMID: 36465530 PMCID: PMC9709938 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of methanol to valuable hydrocarbon molecules is of great commercial interest, as the process serves as a sustainable alternative for the production of, for instance, the base chemicals for plastics. The reaction is catalyzed by zeolite materials. By the introduction of magnesium as a cationic metal, the properties of the zeolite, and thereby the catalytic performance, are changed. With atom probe tomography (APT), nanoscale relations within zeolite materials can be revealed: i.e., crucial information for a fundamental mechanistic understanding. We show that magnesium forms clusters within the cages of zeolite SSZ-13, while the framework elements are homogeneously distributed. These clusters of just a few nanometers were analyzed and visualized in 3-D. Magnesium atoms seem to initially be directed to the aluminum sites, after which they aggregate and fill one or two cages in the zeolite SSZ-13 structure. The presence of magnesium in zeolite SSZ-13 increases the lifetime as well as the propylene selectivity. By using operando UV-vis spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques, we are able to show that these findings are related to the suppression of aromatic intermediate products, while maintaining the formation of polyaromatic compounds. Further nanoscale analysis of the spent catalysts showed indications of magnesium redistribution after catalysis. Unlike zeolite H-SSZ-13, for which only a homogeneous distribution of carbon was found, carbon can be either homogeneously or heterogeneously distributed within zeolite Mg-SSZ-13 crystals as the magnesium decreases the coking rate. Carbon clusters were isolated, visualized, and analyzed and were assumed to be polyaromatic compounds. Small one-cage-filling polyaromatic compounds were identified; furthermore, large-cage-crossing aromatic molecules were found by isolating large coke clusters, demonstrating the unique coking mechanism in zeolite SSZ-13. Short-length-scale evidence for the formation of polyaromatic compounds at acid sites is discovered, as clear nanoscale relations between aluminum and carbon atoms exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie
H. van Vreeswijk
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht 3854 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Monai
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht 3854 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Ramon Oord
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht 3854 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Joel E. Schmidt
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht 3854 CG, The Netherlands
| | | | - Irina Yarulina
- BASF, Carl-Bosch-Straße 38, 67063 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Lukasz Karwacki
- BASF, Carl-Bosch-Straße 38, 67063 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Jonathan D. Poplawsky
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht 3854 CG, The Netherlands
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17
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Dong Z, Chen W, Xu K, Liu Y, Wu J, Zhang F. Understanding the Structure–Activity Relationships in Catalytic Conversion of Polyolefin Plastics by Zeolite-Based Catalysts: A Critical Review. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwen Dong
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Keqing Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Zhang J, Bai R, Zhou Y, Chen Z, Zhang P, Li J, Yu J. Impact of a polymer modifier on directing the non-classical crystallization pathway of TS-1 zeolite: accelerating nucleation and enriching active sites. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13006-13014. [PMID: 36425513 PMCID: PMC9667963 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04544c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The crystallization process directly affects the physicochemical properties and active centers of zeolites; however, controllable tuning of the zeolite crystallization process remains a challenge. Herein, we utilized a polymer (polyacrylamide, PAM) to control the precursor structure evolution of TS-1 zeolite through a two-step crystallization process, so that the crystallization path was switched from a classical to a non-classical mechanism, which greatly accelerated nucleation and enriched active Ti sites. The TS-1 crystallization process was investigated by means of various advanced characterization techniques. It was found that specific interactions between PAM and Si/Ti species promoted the assembly of colloidal precursors containing ordered structural fragments and stabilized Ti species in the precursors, leading to a 1.5-fold shortened crystallization time and enriched Ti content in TS-1 (Si/Ti = 29). The PAM-regulated TS-1 zeolite exhibited enhanced catalytic performance in oxidative reactions compared to conventional samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Risheng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Yida Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Ziyi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia B4H4R2 Canada
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia B4H4R2 Canada
| | - Jiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
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19
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Dai L, Zhou N, Lv Y, Cobb K, Chen P, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zou R, Lei H, Mohamed BA, Ruan R, Cheng Y. Catalytic reforming of polyethylene pyrolysis vapors to naphtha range hydrocarbons with low aromatic content over a high silica ZSM-5 zeolite. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157658. [PMID: 35908703 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the microwave-assisted pyrolysis coupled with ex-situ catalytic reforming of polyethylene for naphtha range hydrocarbons, with low aromatic content, was investigated. Experimental results revealed that ZSM-5 zeolites with low SiO2/Al2O3 ratios led to high aromatic selectivity, while an extremely high SiO2/Al2O3 ratio significantly reduced the aromatic selectivity. The high selectivity of C5-C12 hydrocarbons (98.9 %) with low selectivity of C5-C12 aromatics (28.5 %) was obtained over a high silica ZSM-5 zeolite at a pyrolysis temperature of 500 °C, catalytic cracking temperature of 460 °C, and a weight hourly space velocity of 7 h-1. The liquid oil produced was mainly composed of C5-C12 olefins that can be easily converted into paraffin-rich naphtha by hydrogenation or hydrogen transfer reactions as the feedstock for new plastic manufacturing. 8 cycles of regeneration-reaction cycles were carried out successfully with little change on the product distribution, showing the great potential for continuous production of low-aromatic liquid oil. Catalyst characterization showed that the catalyst deactivation was primarily caused by coke deposition (approximately 16.0 wt%) on the surface of the catalysts, and oxidative regeneration was able to recover most of the pore structure and acidity of the zeolite by effectively removing coke. This study provides a better understanding for the plastic-to-naphtha process and even for scale-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Dai
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Yuancai Lv
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Kirk Cobb
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Paul Chen
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Yunpu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yuhuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Rongge Zou
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Hanwu Lei
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Badr A Mohamed
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Roger Ruan
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
| | - Yanling Cheng
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Biochemical Engineering College, Beijing Union University, No. 18, Fatouxili 3 Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100023, China.
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20
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Bocus M, Van Speybroeck V. Insights into the Mechanism and Reactivity of Zeolite-Catalyzed Alkylphenol Dealkylation. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bocus
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, 9052Zwijnaarde, Belgium
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21
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Abstract
Zeolites with ordered microporous systems, distinct framework topologies, good spatial nanoconfinement effects, and superior (hydro)thermal stability are an ideal scaffold for planting diverse active metal species, including single sites, clusters, and nanoparticles in the framework and framework-associated sites and extra-framework positions, thus affording the metal-in-zeolite catalysts outstanding activity, unique shape selectivity, and enhanced stability and recyclability in the processes of Brønsted acid-, Lewis acid-, and extra-framework metal-catalyzed reactions. Especially, thanks to the advances in zeolite synthesis and characterization techniques in recent years, zeolite-confined extra-framework metal catalysts (denoted as metal@zeolite composites) have experienced rapid development in heterogeneous catalysis, owing to the combination of the merits of both active metal sites and zeolite intrinsic properties. In this review, we will present the recent developments of synthesis strategies for incorporating and tailoring of active metal sites in zeolites and advanced characterization techniques for identification of the location, distribution, and coordination environment of metal species in zeolites. Furthermore, the catalytic applications of metal-in-zeolite catalysts are demonstrated, with an emphasis on the metal@zeolite composites in hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, and oxidation reactions. Finally, we point out the current challenges and future perspectives on precise synthesis, atomic level identification, and practical application of the metal-in-zeolite catalyst system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shiqin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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22
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Chernyak SA, Corda M, Dath JP, Ordomsky VV, Khodakov AY. Light olefin synthesis from a diversity of renewable and fossil feedstocks: state-of the-art and outlook. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:7994-8044. [PMID: 36043509 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01036k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Light olefins are important feedstocks and platform molecules for the chemical industry. Their synthesis has been a research priority in both academia and industry. There are many different approaches to the synthesis of these compounds, which differ by the choice of raw materials, catalysts and reaction conditions. The goals of this review are to highlight the most recent trends in light olefin synthesis and to perform a comparative analysis of different synthetic routes using several quantitative characteristics: selectivity, productivity, severity of operating conditions, stability, technological maturity and sustainability. Traditionally, on an industrial scale, the cracking of oil fractions has been used to produce light olefins. Methanol-to-olefins, alkane direct or oxidative dehydrogenation technologies have great potential in the short term and have already reached scientific and technological maturities. Major progress should be made in the field of methanol-mediated CO and CO2 direct hydrogenation to light olefins. The electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to light olefins is a very attractive process in the long run due to the low reaction temperature and possible use of sustainable electricity. The application of modern concepts such as electricity-driven process intensification, looping, CO2 management and nanoscale catalyst design should lead in the near future to more environmentally friendly, energy efficient and selective large-scale technologies for light olefin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei A Chernyak
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University of Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, France.
| | - Massimo Corda
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University of Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, France.
| | - Jean-Pierre Dath
- Direction Recherche & Développement, TotalEnergies SE, TotalEnergies One Tech Belgium, Zone Industrielle Feluy C, B-7181 Seneffe, Belgium
| | - Vitaly V Ordomsky
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University of Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, France.
| | - Andrei Y Khodakov
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University of Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, France.
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23
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Quantitative principle of shape‐selective catalysis for a rational screening of zeolites for methanol‐to‐hydrocarbons. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Gong X, Çağlayan M, Ye Y, Liu K, Gascon J, Dutta Chowdhury A. First-Generation Organic Reaction Intermediates in Zeolite Chemistry and Catalysis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14275-14345. [PMID: 35947790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Zeolite chemistry and catalysis are expected to play a decisive role in the next decade(s) to build a more decentralized renewable feedstock-dependent sustainable society owing to the increased scrutiny over carbon emissions. Therefore, the lack of fundamental and mechanistic understanding of these processes is a critical "technical bottleneck" that must be eliminated to maximize economic value and minimize waste. We have identified, considering this objective, that the chemistry related to the first-generation reaction intermediates (i.e., carbocations, radicals, carbenes, ketenes, and carbanions) in zeolite chemistry and catalysis is highly underdeveloped or undervalued compared to other catalysis streams (e.g., homogeneous catalysis). This limitation can often be attributed to the technological restrictions to detect such "short-lived and highly reactive" intermediates at the interface (gas-solid/solid-liquid); however, the recent rise of sophisticated spectroscopic/analytical techniques (including under in situ/operando conditions) and modern data analysis methods collectively compete to unravel the impact of these organic intermediates. This comprehensive review summarizes the state-of-the-art first-generation organic reaction intermediates in zeolite chemistry and catalysis and evaluates their existing challenges and future prospects, to contribute significantly to the "circular carbon economy" initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Gong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Mustafa Çağlayan
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yiru Ye
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Kun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Jorge Gascon
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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25
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A study of the acidity on catalyst surface to control 1-butene reaction mechanism of metallosilicate catalysts. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Elucidation of radical- and oxygenate-driven paths in zeolite-catalysed conversion of methanol and methyl chloride to hydrocarbons. Nat Catal 2022; 5:605-614. [PMID: 35892076 PMCID: PMC7613158 DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00808-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Understanding hydrocarbon generation in the zeolite-catalysed conversions of methanol and methyl chloride requires advanced spectroscopic approaches to distinguish the complex mechanisms governing C-C bond formation, chain growth and the deposition of carbonaceous species. Here operando photoelectron photoion coincidence (PEPICO) spectroscopy enables the isomer-selective identification of pathways to hydrocarbons of up to C14 in size, providing direct experimental evidence of methyl radicals in both reactions and ketene in the methanol-to-hydrocarbons reaction. Both routes converge to C5 molecules that transform into aromatics. Operando PEPICO highlights distinctions in the prevalence of coke precursors, which is supported by electron paramagnetic resonance measurements, providing evidence of differences in the representative molecular structure, density and distribution of accumulated carbonaceous species. Radical-driven pathways in the methyl chloride-to-hydrocarbons reaction(s) accelerate the formation of extended aromatic systems, leading to fast deactivation. By contrast, the generation of alkylated species through oxygenate-driven pathways in the methanol-to-hydrocarbons reaction extends the catalyst lifetime. The findings demonstrate the potential of the presented methods to provide valuable mechanistic insights into complex reaction networks.
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27
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Wang C, Chu Y, Hu M, Cai W, Wang Q, Li S, Xu J, Deng F. Influence of zeolite confinement effects on cation-π interactions in methanol-to-hydrocarbon conversion. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9242-9245. [PMID: 35899845 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02216h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By using 2D 13C-13C correlation MAS NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations, the nature of cation-π interactions between cyclopentenyl cations and benzene was clarified over H-ZSM-5, H-β and H-SSZ-13 zeolites. The cation-π interactions are favored over H-β and H-SSZ-13 with large channels or cages. The zeolite structure is identified to affect the arrangements of cyclopentenyl cations and benzene in the confined environment, leading to different extents of overlapping of positive-negative charge centers and cation-π interaction strength. The stronger cation-π interactions facilitate the bimolecular reactions between cyclopentenyl cations and benzene and the formation of coke species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Yueying Chu
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Min Hu
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenjin Cai
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Shenhui Li
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jun Xu
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Feng Deng
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
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28
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Wennmacher JTC, Mahmoudi S, Rzepka P, Sik Lee S, Gruene T, Paunović V, van Bokhoven JA. Electron Diffraction Enables the Mapping of Coke in ZSM-5 Micropores Formed during Methanol-to-Hydrocarbons Conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205413. [PMID: 35513343 PMCID: PMC9401574 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Unveiling the coke formation in zeolites is an essential prerequisite for tackling the deactivation of these catalysts in the transformations of hydrocarbons. Herein, we present the direct mapping of coke in the micropores of ZSM-5 catalysts used in methanol-to-hydrocarbons conversion by single-crystal electron diffraction analysis. The latter technique revealed a polycyclic aromatic structure along the straight channel, wherein the high-quality data permit refinement of its occupancy to about 40 %. These findings were exploited to analyze the evolution of micropore coke during the reaction. Herein, coke-associated signals, which correlate with the activity loss, indicate that the nucleation of coke commences in the intersections of sinusoidal and straight channels, while the formation of coke in the straight pores occurs in the late stages of deactivation. The findings uncover an attractive method for analyzing coke deposition in the micropore domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian T. C. Wennmacher
- Institute for Chemical and BioengineeringDepartment of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH ZurichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 18093ZurichSwitzerland
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable ChemistryPaul Scherrer InstituteForschungsstrasse 1115232Villigen PSISwitzerland
| | - Soheil Mahmoudi
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Strasse 421090ViennaAustria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem)University of ViennaWähringer Strasse 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Przemyslaw Rzepka
- Institute for Chemical and BioengineeringDepartment of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH ZurichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 18093ZurichSwitzerland
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable ChemistryPaul Scherrer InstituteForschungsstrasse 1115232Villigen PSISwitzerland
| | - Sung Sik Lee
- Scientific Center of Optical and Electron MicroscopyETH ZurichOtto-Stern-Weg 38093ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Tim Gruene
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Strasse 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Vladimir Paunović
- Institute for Chemical and BioengineeringDepartment of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH ZurichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 18093ZurichSwitzerland
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable ChemistryPaul Scherrer InstituteForschungsstrasse 1115232Villigen PSISwitzerland
| | - Jeroen A. van Bokhoven
- Institute for Chemical and BioengineeringDepartment of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH ZurichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 18093ZurichSwitzerland
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable ChemistryPaul Scherrer InstituteForschungsstrasse 1115232Villigen PSISwitzerland
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29
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Liu C, Uslamin EA, van Vreeswijk SH, Yarulina I, Ganapathy S, Weckhuysen BM, Kapteijn F, Pidko EA. An integrated approach to the key parameters in methanol-to-olefins reaction catalyzed by MFI/MEL zeolite materials. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63990-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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He S, Wang S, Fan S, Luo L, Yuan K, Qin Z, Dong M, Wang J, Fan W. Improvement of the catalytic performance of ITQ-13 zeolite in methanol to olefins via Ce modification. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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31
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Modulating inherent lewis acidity at the intergrowth interface of mortise-tenon zeolite catalyst. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2924. [PMID: 35614036 PMCID: PMC9133034 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30538-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The acid sites of zeolite are important local structures to control the products in the chemical conversion. However, it remains a great challenge to precisely design the structures of acid sites, since there are still lack the controllable methods to generate and identify them with a high resolution. Here, we use the lattice mismatch of the intergrown zeolite to enrich the inherent Lewis acid sites (LASs) at the interface of a mortise-tenon ZSM-5 catalyst (ZSM-5-MT) with a 90° intergrowth structure. ZSM-5-MT is formed by two perpendicular blocks that are atomically resolved by integrated differential phase contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy (iDPC-STEM). It can be revealed by various methods that novel framework-associated Al (AlFR) LASs are generated in ZSM-5-MT. Combining the iDPC-STEM results with other characterizations, we demonstrate that the partial missing of O atoms at interfaces results in the formation of inherent AlFR LASs in ZSM-5-MT. As a result, the ZSM-5-MT catalyst shows a higher selectivity of propylene and butene than the single-crystal ZSM-5 in the steady conversion of methanol. These results provide an efficient strategy to design the Lewis acidity in zeolite catalysts for tailored functions via interface engineering. The acid sites are important local structures to determine catalytic performances of zeolites. Here, the authors expand the interface engineering to the field of porous zeolites through the lattice mismatch of the intergrown zeolite to enrich the inherent Lewis acid sites at the interface of a mortise-tenon ZSM-5 catalyst.
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32
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Electron Diffraction Enables the Mapping of Coke in ZSM‐5 Micropores Formed during Methanol‐to‐Hydrocarbons Conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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33
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Liutkova A, Uslamin E, Parastaev A, Bolshakov A, Mezari B, Hensen EJ, Kosinov N. A scanning pulse reaction technique for transient analysis of the methanol-to-hydrocarbons reaction. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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34
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Usman M, Ghanem AS, Niaz Ali Shah S, Garba MD, Yusuf Khan M, Khan S, Humayun M, Laeeq Khan A. A Review on SAPO-34 Zeolite Materials for CO 2 Capture and Conversion. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200039. [PMID: 35474280 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Among several known zeolites, silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO)-34 zeolite exhibits a distinct chemical structure, unique pore size distribution, and chemical, thermal, and ion exchange capabilities, which have recently attracted considerable research attention. Global carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions are a serious environmental issue. Current atmospheric CO2 level exceeds 414 parts per million (ppm), which greatly influences humans, fauna, flora, and the ecosystem as a whole. Zeolites play a vital role in CO2 removal, recycling, and utilization. This review summarizes the properties of the SAPO-34 zeolite and its role in CO2 capture and separation from air and natural gas. In addition, due to their high thermal stability and catalytic nature, CO2 conversions into valuable products over single metal, bi-metallic, and tri-metallic catalysts and their oxides supported on SAPO-34 were also summarized. Considering these accomplishments, substantial problems related to SAPO-34 are discussed, and future recommendations are offered in detail to predict how SAPO-34 could be employed for greenhouse gas mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), KFUPM Box 5040, Dhahran, 31261,', Saudi Arabia
| | - Akram S Ghanem
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Syed Niaz Ali Shah
- Center for Integrative Petroleum Research, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustapha D Garba
- Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mohd Yusuf Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), KFUPM Box 5040, Dhahran, 31261,', Saudi Arabia
| | - Sikandar Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Humayun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Asim Laeeq Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 45550, Islamabad, Pakistan
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35
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The Route from Green H2 Production through Bioethanol Reforming to CO2 Catalytic Conversion: A Review. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15072383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Currently, a progressively different approach to the generation of power and the production of fuels for the automotive sector as well as for domestic applications is being taken. As a result, research on the feasibility of applying renewable energy sources to the present energy scenario has been progressively growing, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Following more than one approach, the integration of renewables mainly involves the utilization of biomass-derived raw material and the combination of power generated via clean sources with conventional power generation systems. The aim of this review article is to provide a satisfactory overview of the most recent progress in the catalysis of hydrogen production through sustainable reforming and CO2 utilization. In particular, attention is focused on the route that, starting from bioethanol reforming for H2 production, leads to the use of the produced CO2 for different purposes and by means of different catalytic processes, passing through the water–gas shift stage. The newest approaches reported in the literature are reviewed, showing that it is possible to successfully produce “green” and sustainable hydrogen, which can represent a power storage technology, and its utilization is a strategy for the integration of renewables into the power generation scenario. Moreover, this hydrogen may be used for CO2 catalytic conversion to hydrocarbons, thus giving CO2 added value.
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36
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Liu C, Uslamin EA, Khramenkova E, Sireci E, Ouwehand LTLJ, Ganapathy S, Kapteijn F, Pidko EA. High Stability of Methanol to Aromatic Conversion over Bimetallic Ca,Ga-Modified ZSM-5. ACS Catal 2022; 12:3189-3200. [PMID: 35280436 PMCID: PMC8902757 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The production of
valuable aromatics and the rapid catalyst deactivation
due to coking are intimately related in the zeolite-catalyzed aromatization
reactions. Here, we demonstrate that these two processes can be decoupled
by promoting the Ga/HZSM-5 aromatization catalyst with Ca. The resulting
bimetallic catalysts combine high selectivity to light aromatics with
extended catalyst lifetime in the methanol-to-aromatics process. Evaluation
of the catalytic performance combined with detailed catalyst characterization
suggests that the added Ca interacts with the Ga-LAS, with a strong
effect on the aromatization processes. A genetic algorithm approach
complemented by ab initio thermodynamic analysis is used to elucidate
the possible structures of bimetallic extraframework species formed
under reaction conditions. The promotion effect of minute amounts
of Ca is attributed to the stabilization of the intra-zeolite extraframework
gallium oxide clusters with moderated dehydrogenation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuncheng Liu
- Inorganic Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
- Catalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeny A. Uslamin
- Inorganic Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Khramenkova
- Inorganic Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Enrico Sireci
- Inorganic Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas T. L. J. Ouwehand
- Inorganic Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Swapna Ganapathy
- Radiation Science and Technology Department, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 15, 2629 JB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Freek Kapteijn
- Catalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeny A. Pidko
- Inorganic Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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37
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Yang L, Wang C, Dai W, Wu G, Guan N, Li L. Progressive steps and catalytic cycles in methanol-to-hydrocarbons reaction over acidic zeolites. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 2:184-192. [PMID: 38933155 PMCID: PMC11197791 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the complete reaction network and mechanism of methanol-to-hydrocarbons remains a key challenge in the field of zeolite catalysis and C1 chemistry. Inspired by the identification of the reactive surface methoxy species on solid acids, several direct mechanisms associated with the formation of the first C-C bond in methanol conversion have been recently disclosed. Identifying the stepwise involvement of the initial intermediates containing the first C-C bond in the whole reaction process of methanol-to-hydrocarbons conversion becomes possible and attractive for the further development of this important reaction. Herein, several initial unsaturated aldehydes/ketones containing the C-C bond are identified via complementary spectroscopic techniques. With the combination of kinetic and spectroscopic analyses, a complete roadmap of the zeolite-catalyzed methanol-to-hydrocarbons conversion from the initial C-C bonds to the hydrocarbon pool species via the oxygen-containing unsaturated intermediates is clearly illustrated. With the participation of both Brønsted and Lewis acid sites in H-ZSM-5 zeolite, an initial aldol-cycle is proposed, which can be closely connected to the well-known dual-cycle mechanism in the methanol-to-hydrocarbons conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Chang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Weili Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Guangjun Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Naijia Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Landong Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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38
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Zeng Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Dai L, Wu Q, Xia M, Zhang S, Ke L, Zou R, Ruan R. Microwave catalytic co-pyrolysis of waste cooking oil and low-density polyethylene to produce monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Effect of different catalysts and pyrolysis parameters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:152182. [PMID: 34883177 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It is promising to convert waste oil and plastics to renewable fuels and chemicals by microwave catalytic co-pyrolysis, enabling pollution reduction and resource recovery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of catalysts on the product selectivity of microwave-assisted co-pyrolysis of waste cooking oil and low-density polyethylene and optimize the pyrolysis process, including pyrolysis temperature, catalytic temperature, waste cooking oil to low-density polyethylene ratio, and catalyst to feedstocks ratio. The results indicated that catalysts had a great influence on the product distribution, and the yield of BTX (benzene, toluene, and xylenes), which increased in the following order: SAPO-34 < Hβ < HY < HZSM-5. HZSM-5 was more active for the formation of light aromatic hydrocarbons as compared to others, where the concentrations of toluene, benzene and xylenes reached 252.59 mg/mL, 114.7 mg/mL and 132.91 mg/mL, respectively. The optimum pyrolysis temperature, catalytic temperature, waste cooking oil to low-density polyethylene ratio and catalyst to feedstocks ratio could be 550 °C, 450 °C, 1:1 and 1:2, respectively, to maximize the formation of BTX and inhibit the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yunpu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Yuhuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Leilei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Qiuhao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Meiling Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Linyao Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Rongge Zou
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354-1671, USA
| | - Roger Ruan
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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Paunović V, Sushkevich V, Rzepka P, Artiglia L, Hauert R, Sik Lee S, van Bokhoven JA. Reactivation of catalysts for methanol–to–hydrocarbons conversion with hydrogen. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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40
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A green approach to improve the yield of SAPO-34 crystal as well as its methanol-to-olefin performance. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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41
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Xie J, Firth DS, Cordero-Lanzac T, Airi A, Negri C, Øien-Ødegaard S, Lillerud KP, Bordiga S, Olsbye U. MAPO-18 Catalysts for the Methanol to Olefins Process: Influence of Catalyst Acidity in a High-Pressure Syngas (CO and H 2) Environment. ACS Catal 2022; 12:1520-1531. [PMID: 35096471 PMCID: PMC8788383 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The transition from integrated petrochemical complexes toward decentralized chemical plants utilizing distributed feedstocks calls for simpler downstream unit operations. Less separation steps are attractive for future scenarios and provide an opportunity to design the next-generation catalysts, which function efficiently with effluent reactant mixtures. The methanol to olefins (MTO) reaction constitutes the second step in the conversion of CO2, CO, and H2 to light olefins. We present a series of isomorphically substituted zeotype catalysts with the AEI topology (MAPO-18s, M = Si, Mg, Co, or Zn) and demonstrate the superior performance of the M(II)-substituted MAPO-18s in the conversion of MTO when tested at 350 °C and 20 bar with reactive feed mixtures consisting of CH3OH/CO/CO2/H2. Co-feeding high pressure H2 with methanol improved the catalyst activity over time, but simultaneously led to the hydrogenation of olefins (olefin/paraffin ratio < 0.5). Co-feeding H2/CO/CO2/N2 mixtures with methanol revealed an important, hitherto undisclosed effect of CO in hindering the hydrogenation of olefins over the Brønsted acid sites (BAS). This effect was confirmed by dedicated ethene hydrogenation studies in the absence and presence of CO co-feed. Assisted by spectroscopic investigations, we ascribe the favorable performance of M(II)APO-18 under co-feed conditions to the importance of the M(II) heteroatom in altering the polarity of the M-O bond, leading to stronger BAS. Comparing SAPO-18 and MgAPO-18 with BAS concentrations ranging between 0.2 and 0.4 mmol/gcat, the strength of the acidic site and not the density was found to be the main activity descriptor. MgAPO-18 yielded the highest activity and stability upon syngas co-feeding with methanol, demonstrating its potential to be a next-generation MTO catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiu Xie
- Centre
for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Saelandsvei 26, Oslo N-0315, Norway
| | - Daniel S. Firth
- Centre
for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Saelandsvei 26, Oslo N-0315, Norway
| | - Tomás Cordero-Lanzac
- Centre
for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Saelandsvei 26, Oslo N-0315, Norway
| | - Alessia Airi
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via G. Quarello 15, I-10135 and Via P. Giuria 7, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - Chiara Negri
- Centre
for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Saelandsvei 26, Oslo N-0315, Norway
| | - Sigurd Øien-Ødegaard
- Centre
for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Saelandsvei 26, Oslo N-0315, Norway
| | - Karl Petter Lillerud
- Centre
for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Saelandsvei 26, Oslo N-0315, Norway
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via G. Quarello 15, I-10135 and Via P. Giuria 7, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - Unni Olsbye
- Centre
for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Sem Saelandsvei 26, Oslo N-0315, Norway
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42
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Abstract
Catalysis is at the core of chemistry and has been essential to make all the goods surrounding us, including fuels, coatings, plastics and other functional materials. In the near future, catalysis will also be an essential tool in making the shift from a fossil-fuel-based to a more renewable and circular society. To make this reality, we have to better understand the fundamental concept of the active site in catalysis. Here, we discuss the physical meaning - and deduce the validity and, therefore, usefulness - of some common approaches in heterogeneous catalysis, such as linking catalyst activity to a 'turnover frequency' and explaining catalytic performance in terms of 'structure sensitivity' or 'structure insensitivity'. Catalytic concepts from the fields of enzymatic and homogeneous catalysis are compared, ultimately realizing that the struggle that one encounters in defining the active site in most solid catalysts is likely the one we must overcome to reach our end goal: tailoring the precise functioning of the active sites with respect to many different parameters to satisfy our ever-growing needs. This article ends with an outlook of what may become feasible within the not-too-distant future with modern experimental and theoretical tools at hand.
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43
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Plessow PN, Enss AE, Huber P, Studt F. A new mechanistic proposal for the aromatic cycle of the MTO process based on a computational investigation for H-SSZ-13. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00021k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The paring mechanism of the aromatic cycle of the hydrocarbon pool is reinvestigated based on the heptamethylbenzenium cation adsorbed within H-SSZ-13 using quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp N. Plessow
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Annika E. Enss
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Philipp Huber
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Felix Studt
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 18, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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44
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Airi A, Damin A, Xie J, Olsbye U, Bordiga S. Catalyst sites and active species in the early stages of MTO conversion over cobalt AlPO-18 followed by IR spectroscopy. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00303a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction-time resolved IR spectroscopy highlights the role of CO and surface –OCH3 in the MTO conversion catalysed by CoAPO-18 with maximised concentration of acidic sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Airi
- Department of Chemistry, NIS, and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Damin
- Department of Chemistry, NIS, and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135, Turin, Italy
| | - Jingxiu Xie
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo N-0315, Norway
| | - Unni Olsbye
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo N-0315, Norway
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry, NIS, and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135, Turin, Italy
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45
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Lissens MEML, Mendes PSF, Lei T, Sabbe MK, Thybaut JW. The intricacies of the “steady-state” regime in methanol-to-hydrocarbon experimentation over H-ZSM-5. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01306h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The operating conditions window and experimental procedures ensuring “steady-state” operation in methanol to hydrocarbon conversion have been experimentally determined over an H-ZSM-5 zeolite with considerable acidity (Si/Al = 40).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro S. F. Mendes
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tingjun Lei
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maarten K. Sabbe
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joris W. Thybaut
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
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46
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Wang C, Chu Y, Hu M, Cai W, Wang Q, Qi G, Li S, Xu J, Deng F. Insight into Carbocation‐Induced Noncovalent Interactions in the Methanol‐to‐Olefins Reaction over ZSM‐5 Zeolite by Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yueying Chu
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Min Hu
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Wenjin Cai
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Guodong Qi
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Shenhui Li
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Feng Deng
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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47
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Wang C, Chu Y, Hu M, Cai W, Wang Q, Qi G, Li S, Xu J, Deng F. Insight into Carbocation-Induced Noncovalent Interactions in the Methanol-to-Olefins Reaction over ZSM-5 Zeolite by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26847-26854. [PMID: 34636120 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Carbocations such as cyclic carbenium ions are important intermediates in the zeolite-catalyzed methanol-to-olefins (MTO) reaction. The MTO reaction propagates through a complex hydrocarbon pool process. Understanding the carbocation-involved hydrocarbon pool reaction on a molecular level still remains challenging. Here we show that electron-deficient cyclopentenyl cations stabilized in ZSM-5 zeolite are able to capture the alkanes, methanol, and olefins produced during MTO reaction via noncovalent interactions. Intermolecular spatial proximities/interactions are identified by using two-dimensional 13 C-13 C correlation solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Combined NMR experiments and theoretical analysis suggests that in addition to the dispersion and CH/π interactions, the multiple functional groups in the cyclopentenyl cations produce strong attractive force via cation-induced dipole, cation-dipole and cation-π interactions. These carbocation-induced noncovalent interactions modulate the product selectivity of hydrocarbon pool reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yueying Chu
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Min Hu
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wenjin Cai
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guodong Qi
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shenhui Li
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Feng Deng
- National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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48
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Sun H, Zhang B, Wei C, Cao L, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Gao J, Xu C. Intensifying Ethylene and Propylene of Pentene Cracking of FCC Gasoline by Modulating the Brønsted Acid Site Concentrations. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Binrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Chenhao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Liyuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Jinsen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
| | - Chunming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
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49
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Mortén M, Cordero-Lanzac T, Cnudde P, Redekop EA, Svelle S, van Speybroeck V, Olsbye U. Acidity effect on benzene methylation kinetics over substituted H-MeAlPO-5 catalysts. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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50
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Le TT, Shilpa K, Lee C, Han S, Weiland C, Bare SR, Dauenhauer PJ, Rimer JD. Core-shell and egg-shell zeolite catalysts for enhanced hydrocarbon processing. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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