1
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Zhao Y, Yin X, Li P, Ren Z, Gu Z, Zhang Y, Song Y. Multifunctional Perovskite Photodetectors: From Molecular-Scale Crystal Structure Design to Micro/Nano-scale Morphology Manipulation. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:187. [PMID: 37515723 PMCID: PMC10387041 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional photodetectors boost the development of traditional optical communication technology and emerging artificial intelligence fields, such as robotics and autonomous driving. However, the current implementation of multifunctional detectors is based on the physical combination of optical lenses, gratings, and multiple photodetectors, the large size and its complex structure hinder the miniaturization, lightweight, and integration of devices. In contrast, perovskite materials have achieved remarkable progress in the field of multifunctional photodetectors due to their diverse crystal structures, simple morphology manipulation, and excellent optoelectronic properties. In this review, we first overview the crystal structures and morphology manipulation techniques of perovskite materials and then summarize the working mechanism and performance parameters of multifunctional photodetectors. Furthermore, the fabrication strategies of multifunctional perovskite photodetectors and their advancements are highlighted, including polarized light detection, spectral detection, angle-sensing detection, and self-powered detection. Finally, the existing problems of multifunctional detectors and the perspectives of their future development are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Yin
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengwei Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiu Ren
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenkun Gu
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yiqiang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlin Song
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Detectors that encode angles of incoming light as colour. Nature 2023:10.1038/d41586-023-01366-6. [PMID: 37165216 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-01366-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
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3
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Yi L, Hou B, Zhao H, Liu X. X-ray-to-visible light-field detection through pixelated colour conversion. Nature 2023:10.1038/s41586-023-05978-w. [PMID: 37165192 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05978-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Light-field detection measures both the intensity of light rays and their precise direction in free space. However, current light-field detection techniques either require complex microlens arrays or are limited to the ultraviolet-visible light wavelength ranges1-4. Here we present a robust, scalable method based on lithographically patterned perovskite nanocrystal arrays that can be used to determine radiation vectors from X-rays to visible light (0.002-550 nm). With these multicolour nanocrystal arrays, light rays from specific directions can be converted into pixelated colour outputs with an angular resolution of 0.0018°. We find that three-dimensional light-field detection and spatial positioning of light sources are possible by modifying nanocrystal arrays with specific orientations. We also demonstrate three-dimensional object imaging and visible light and X-ray phase-contrast imaging by combining pixelated nanocrystal arrays with a colour charge-coupled device. The ability to detect light direction beyond optical wavelengths through colour-contrast encoding could enable new applications, for example, in three-dimensional phase-contrast imaging, robotics, virtual reality, tomographic biological imaging and satellite autonomous navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Yi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bo Hou
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - He Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, Fuzhou, China.
- Center for Functional Materials, National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou, China.
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
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4
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Capshaw G, Brown AD, Peña JL, Carr CE, Christensen-Dalsgaard J, Tollin DJ, Womack MC, McCullagh EA. The continued importance of comparative auditory research to modern scientific discovery. Hear Res 2023; 433:108766. [PMID: 37084504 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
A rich history of comparative research in the auditory field has afforded a synthetic view of sound information processing by ears and brains. Some organisms have proven to be powerful models for human hearing due to fundamental similarities (e.g., well-matched hearing ranges), while others feature intriguing differences (e.g., atympanic ears) that invite further study. Work across diverse "non-traditional" organisms, from small mammals to avians to amphibians and beyond, continues to propel auditory science forward, netting a variety of biomedical and technological advances along the way. In this brief review, limited primarily to tetrapod vertebrates, we discuss the continued importance of comparative studies in hearing research from the periphery to central nervous system with a focus on outstanding questions such as mechanisms for sound capture, peripheral and central processing of directional/spatial information, and non-canonical auditory processing, including efferent and hormonal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Capshaw
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| | - Andrew D Brown
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - José L Peña
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Catherine E Carr
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | | | - Daniel J Tollin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Molly C Womack
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
| | - Elizabeth A McCullagh
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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5
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Yang Y, Xie X, Li Y, Zhang Z, Peng Y, Wang C, Li E, Li Y, Chen H, Gao F. Radiative anti-parity-time plasmonics. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7678. [PMID: 36509769 PMCID: PMC9744817 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35447-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Space and guided electromagnetic waves, as widely known, are two crucial cornerstones in extensive wireless and integrated applications respectively. To harness the two cornerstones, radiative and integrated devices are usually developed in parallel based on the same physical principles. An emerging mechanism, i.e., anti-parity-time (APT) symmetry originated from non-Hermitian quantum mechanics, has led to fruitful phenomena in harnessing guided waves. However, it is still absent in harnessing space waves. Here, we propose a radiative plasmonic APT design to harness space waves, and experimentally demonstrate it with subwavelength designer-plasmonic structures. We observe two exotic phenomena unrealized previously. Rotating polarizations of incident space waves, we realize polarization-controlled APT phase transition. Tuning incidence angles, we observe multi-stage APT phase transition in higher-order APT systems, constructed by using the scalability of leaky-wave couplings. Our scheme shows promise in demonstrating novel APT physics, and constructing APT-symmetry-empowered radiative devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Yang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInterdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInternational Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XShaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000 China
| | - Xinrong Xie
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInterdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInternational Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XShaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000 China
| | - Yuanzhen Li
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInterdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInternational Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XShaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000 China
| | - Zijian Zhang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInterdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInternational Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XShaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000 China
| | - Yiwei Peng
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInterdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInternational Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XShaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000 China
| | - Chi Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInterdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInternational Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XShaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000 China
| | - Erping Li
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInterdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInternational Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XShaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000 China
| | - Ying Li
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInterdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInternational Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XShaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000 China
| | - Hongsheng Chen
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInterdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInternational Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XShaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000 China
| | - Fei Gao
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInterdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XInternational Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XKey Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321099 China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XShaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, 312000 China
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6
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Yi S, Xiang J, Zhou M, Wu Z, Yang L, Yu Z. Angle-based wavefront sensing enabled by the near fields of flat optics. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6002. [PMID: 34650050 PMCID: PMC8516895 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26169-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a long history of using angle sensors to measure wavefront. The best example is the Shack-Hartmann sensor. Compared to other methods of wavefront sensing, angle-based approach is more broadly used in industrial applications and scientific research. Its wide adoption is attributed to its fully integrated setup, robustness, and fast speed. However, there is a long-standing issue in its low spatial resolution, which is limited by the size of the angle sensor. Here we report a angle-based wavefront sensor to overcome this challenge. It uses ultra-compact angle sensor built from flat optics. It is directly integrated on focal plane array. This wavefront sensor inherits all the benefits of the angle-based method. Moreover, it improves the spatial sampling density by over two orders of magnitude. The drastically improved resolution allows angle-based sensors to be used for quantitative phase imaging, enabling capabilities such as video-frame recording of high-resolution surface topography. Generally, wavefronts are measured using angle-based sensors like the Shack-Hartmann sensor. Here, the authors present an angle-sensitive device that uses flat optics integrated on a focal plane array for compact wavefront sensing with improved resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soongyu Yi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jin Xiang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Zhicheng Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zongfu Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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7
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Wang C, Lai J, Chen Q, Zhang F, Chen L. In Operando Visualization of Interfacial Band Bending in Photomultiplying Organic Photodetectors. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:8474-8480. [PMID: 34570518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Charge injection is a basic transport process that strongly affects performance of optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting diodes and photodetectors. In these devices, the charge injection barrier is related to the band bending at the active layer/electrode interface and exhibits sophisticated dependence on interface structure and device operating conditions, making it difficult to determine via either theoretical prediction or experimental measurements. Here, in operando cross-sectional scanning Kelvin probe microscopy (SKPM) has been applied in organic photodetectors to visualize the interfacial band bending. The photoinduced interfacial band bending becomes more significant with increasing reverse bias voltage, resulting in reduced charge injection barrier and facilitated charge injection. The photoinduced injection current is orders of magnitude higher than the photocurrent directly generated from light absorption and thus leads to significant photomultiplication. Furthermore, the interfacial structure is tuned to further enhance photoinduced interfacial band bending and the photomultiplication factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Junqi Lai
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qi Chen
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Fujun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Liwei Chen
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- In-Situ Center for Physical Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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8
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Chang B, Zhao D. Direct assembly of nanowires by electron beam-induced dielectrophoresis. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:415602. [PMID: 33721856 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abeeb5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Controllable self-assembly is an important tool to investigate interactions between nanoscale objects. Here we present an assembly strategy based on 3D aligned silicon nanowires. By illuminating the tips of nanowires locally by a focused electron beam, an attractive dielectrophoretic force can be induced, leading to elastic deformations and sticking between adjacent nanowires. The whole process is performed feasibly inside a vacuum environment free from capillary or hydrodynamic forces. Assembly mechanisms are discussed for nanowires in both one and two layers, and various ordered organizations are presented. With the help of moisture treatment, a hierarchical assembly can also be achieved. Notably, an unsynchronized assembly is observed in two layers of nanowires. This study helps with a better understanding of nanoscale sticking phenomena and electrostatic actuations in nanoelectromechanical systems, besides, it also provides possibilities to probe quantum effects like Casimir forces and phonon heat transport in a vacuum gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingdong Chang
- DTU Nanolab, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, Building 347, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ding Zhao
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
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9
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Shi X, Ge L, Liu B, Xu H, Cao D, Liu F. Optical metasurface composed of multiple antennas with anti-Hermitian coupling in a single layer. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:2252-2255. [PMID: 33988557 DOI: 10.1364/ol.421555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces consisting of different shapes of resonant units are used to manipulate light beams at subwavelength scales. In many cases, interactions among the resonant units are suppressed or avoided because of mode splitting in metasurfaces. Here we theoretically and numerically investigate metasurfaces composed of multiple antennas with anti-Hermitian coupling in a single layer. By utilizing the anti-Hermitian coupling, the results show that antennas with similar resonance frequencies at a subwavelength distance can individually absorb their corresponding frequency photons. The antennas whose reflection phase can be tailored by changing the number of antennas have the same resonance frequencies. This Letter paves the way for various potential applications in broadband absorption, photon sorting, image sensors, and phase modulation.
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10
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Wang S, Wang Y, Zou Y, Chen G, Ouyang J, Jia D, Zhou Y. Biologically Inspired Scalable-Manufactured Dual-layer Coating with a Hierarchical Micropattern for Highly Efficient Passive Radiative Cooling and Robust Superhydrophobicity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:21888-21897. [PMID: 33909403 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioinspired materials for temperature regulation have proven to be promising for passive radiation cooling, and super water repellency is also a main feature of biological evolution. However, the scalable production of artificial passive radiative cooling materials with self-adjusting structures, high-efficiency, strong applicability, and low cost, along with achieving superhydrophobicity simultaneously remains a challenge. Here, a biologically inspired passive radiative cooling dual-layer coating (Bio-PRC) is synthesized by a facile but efficient strategy, after the discovery of long-horned beetles' thermoregulatory behavior with multiscale fluffs, where an adjustable polymer-like layer with a hierarchical micropattern is constructed in various ceramic bottom skeletons, integrating multifunctional components with interlaced "ridge-like" architectures. The Bio-PRC coating reflects above 88% of solar irradiance and demonstrates an infrared emissivity >0.92, which makes the temperature drop by up to 3.6 °C under direct sunlight. Moreover, the hierarchical micro-/nanostructures also endow it with a superhydrophobic surface that has enticing damage resistance, thermal stability, and weatherability. Notably, we demonstrate that the Bio-PRC coatings can be potentially applied in the insulated gate bipolar transistor radiator, for effective temperature conditioning. Meanwhile, the coverage of the dense, super water-repellent top polymer-like layer can prevent the transport of corrosive liquids, ions, and electron transition, illustrating the excellent interdisciplinary applicability of our coatings. This work paves a new way to design next-generation thermal regulation coatings with great potential for applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Wang
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yaming Wang
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yongchun Zou
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiahu Ouyang
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Dechang Jia
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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11
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Kim I, Martins RJ, Jang J, Badloe T, Khadir S, Jung HY, Kim H, Kim J, Genevet P, Rho J. Nanophotonics for light detection and ranging technology. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:508-524. [PMID: 33958762 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00895-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology, a laser-based imaging technique for accurate distance measurement, is considered one of the most crucial sensor technologies for autonomous vehicles, artificially intelligent robots and unmanned aerial vehicle reconnaissance. Until recently, LiDAR has relied on light sources and detectors mounted on multiple mechanically rotating optical transmitters and receivers to cover an entire scene. Such an architecture gives rise to limitations in terms of the imaging frame rate and resolution. In this Review, we examine how novel nanophotonic platforms could overcome the hardware restrictions of existing LiDAR technologies. After briefly introducing the basic principles of LiDAR, we present the device specifications required by the industrial sector. We then review a variety of LiDAR-relevant nanophotonic approaches such as integrated photonic circuits, optical phased antenna arrays and flat optical devices based on metasurfaces. The latter have already demonstrated exceptional functional beam manipulation properties, such as active beam deflection, point-cloud generation and device integration using scalable manufacturing methods, and are expected to disrupt modern optical technologies. In the outlook, we address the upcoming physics and engineering challenges that must be overcome from the viewpoint of incorporating nanophotonic technologies into commercially viable, fast, ultrathin and lightweight LiDAR systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inki Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Renato Juliano Martins
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre de Recherche sur l'Hétéro-Epitaxie et ses Applications (CRHEA), CNRS, Valbonne, France
| | - Jaehyuck Jang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Trevon Badloe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Samira Khadir
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre de Recherche sur l'Hétéro-Epitaxie et ses Applications (CRHEA), CNRS, Valbonne, France
| | - Ho-Youl Jung
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongdo Kim
- Advanced Technology Research Center, SL Corporation, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongun Kim
- Advanced Technology Research Center, SL Corporation, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Patrice Genevet
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre de Recherche sur l'Hétéro-Epitaxie et ses Applications (CRHEA), CNRS, Valbonne, France.
| | - Junsuk Rho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Wei J, Li Y, Wang L, Liao W, Dong B, Xu C, Zhu C, Ang KW, Qiu CW, Lee C. Zero-bias mid-infrared graphene photodetectors with bulk photoresponse and calibration-free polarization detection. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6404. [PMID: 33335090 PMCID: PMC7747747 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20115-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE), featuring polarization-dependent uniform photoresponse at zero external bias, holds potential for exceeding the Shockley-Queisser limit in the efficiency of existing opto-electronic devices. However, the implementation of BPVE has been limited to the naturally existing materials with broken inversion symmetry, such as ferroelectrics, which suffer low efficiencies. Here, we propose metasurface-mediated graphene photodetectors with cascaded polarization-sensitive photoresponse under uniform illumination, mimicking an artificial BPVE. With the assistance of non-centrosymmetric metallic nanoantennas, the hot photocarriers in graphene gain a momentum upon their excitation and form a shift current which is nonlocal and directional. Thereafter, we demonstrate zero-bias uncooled mid-infrared photodetectors with three orders higher responsivity than conventional BPVE and a noise equivalent power of 0.12 nW Hz−1/2. Besides, we observe a vectorial photoresponse which allows us to detect the polarization angle of incident light with a single device. Our strategy opens up alternative possibilities for scalable, low-cost, multifunctional infrared photodetectors. Here, graphene-based plasmonic metamaterials are used to generate an artificial bulk photovoltaic effect, enabling the realization of mid-infrared photodetectors with enhanced responsivity and calibration-free polarization detection at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Wei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore.,Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
| | - Ying Li
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Wugang Liao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Bowei Dong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore.,Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore.,Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
| | - Chunxiang Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Kah-Wee Ang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore.
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore. .,Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore.
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13
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Kumar M, Lim J, Kim S, Seo H. Environment-Adaptable Photonic-Electronic-Coupled Neuromorphic Angular Visual System. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14108-14117. [PMID: 32985189 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Environment-adaptable photonic-electronic-coupled devices can help overcome major challenges related to the extraction of highly specific angular information, such as human visual perception. However, a true implementation of such a device has rarely been investigated thus far. Herein, we provide an approach and demonstrate a proof-of-concept solid-state semiconductor-based highly transparent, optical-electrical-coupled, self-adaptive angular visual perception system that can fulfill the versatile criteria of the human vision system. Specifically, all of the primitive functions of visual perception, such as broad angular sensing, processing, and manifold memory storage, are demonstrated and comodulated using optical and electric pulses. This development represents an essential step forward in the fabrication of an environment-adaptable artificial angular perception framework with deep implications in the fields of optoelectronics, artificial eyes, and memory storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseong Lim
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwan Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungtak Seo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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14
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Nagarajan A, Hara S, Satoh H, Panchanathan AP, Inokawa H. Angle-Sensitive Detector Based on Silicon-On-Insulator Photodiode Stacked with Surface Plasmon Antenna. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20195543. [PMID: 32998219 PMCID: PMC7582547 DOI: 10.3390/s20195543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We present a pixel-level angle sensitive detector composed of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) photodiode (PD) stacked with a gold surface plasmon (SP) antenna to affect the direction of the incoming light. The surface plasmons are excited in the grating-type SP antenna and enhance the diffraction efficiency of the grating. The diffracted light is coupled strongly with the propagation light in the SOI waveguide when the phase matching condition is satisfied. The phase matching takes place at a specific angle of light incidence, and the discrimination of the light based on the incident angle is achieved. As spatial patterns in the polar coordinate of the elevation-azimuth angles (θ, ϕ) of the incident light, we present the phase matching condition theoretically, the absorption efficiency in the SOI by simulation, and also the quantum efficiency of the SOI PD experimentally for different SP antennas of one-dimensional (1D) line-and-space (L/S) and two-dimensional (2D) hole array gratings under various polarization angles. 1D grating offers a polarization sensitive angle detection and 2D grating exhibits angle detection in two orthogonal directions, enabling a polarization independent angle sensitivity. A good agreement among the theory, simulation, and experiment are attained. The proposed device features relatively high quantum efficiency as an angle-sensitive pixel (ASP) and gives wider opportunities in applications such as three-dimensional (3D) imaging, depth-of-field extension, and lensless imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitharaj Nagarajan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan;
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 603 203, India;
| | - Shusuke Hara
- Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan; (S.H.); (H.S.)
| | - Hiroaki Satoh
- Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan; (S.H.); (H.S.)
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan
| | - Aruna Priya Panchanathan
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 603 203, India;
| | - Hiroshi Inokawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan;
- Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan; (S.H.); (H.S.)
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu 432-8011, Japan
- Correspondence:
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15
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Biologically inspired flexible photonic films for efficient passive radiative cooling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:14657-14666. [PMID: 32541048 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2001802117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperature is a fundamental parameter for all forms of lives. Natural evolution has resulted in organisms which have excellent thermoregulation capabilities in extreme climates. Bioinspired materials that mimic biological solution for thermoregulation have proven promising for passive radiative cooling. However, scalable production of artificial photonic radiators with complex structures, outstanding properties, high throughput, and low cost is still challenging. Herein, we design and demonstrate biologically inspired photonic materials for passive radiative cooling, after discovery of longicorn beetles' excellent thermoregulatory function with their dual-scale fluffs. The natural fluffs exhibit a finely structured triangular cross-section with two thermoregulatory effects which effectively reflects sunlight and emits thermal radiation, thereby decreasing the beetles' body temperature. Inspired by the finding, a photonic film consisting of a micropyramid-arrayed polymer matrix with random ceramic particles is fabricated with high throughput. The film reflects ∼95% of solar irradiance and exhibits an infrared emissivity >0.96. The effective cooling power is found to be ∼90.8 W⋅m-2 and a temperature decrease of up to 5.1 °C is recorded under direct sunlight. Additionally, the film exhibits hydrophobicity, superior flexibility, and strong mechanical strength, which is promising for thermal management in various electronic devices and wearable products. Our work paves the way for designing and fabrication of high-performance thermal regulation materials.
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16
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Kogos LC, Li Y, Liu J, Li Y, Tian L, Paiella R. Plasmonic ommatidia for lensless compound-eye vision. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1637. [PMID: 32242009 PMCID: PMC7118074 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15460-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The vision system of arthropods such as insects and crustaceans is based on the compound-eye architecture, consisting of a dense array of individual imaging elements (ommatidia) pointing along different directions. This arrangement is particularly attractive for imaging applications requiring extreme size miniaturization, wide-angle fields of view, and high sensitivity to motion. However, the implementation of cameras directly mimicking the eyes of common arthropods is complicated by their curved geometry. Here, we describe a lensless planar architecture, where each pixel of a standard image-sensor array is coated with an ensemble of metallic plasmonic nanostructures that only transmits light incident along a small geometrically-tunable distribution of angles. A set of near-infrared devices providing directional photodetection peaked at different angles is designed, fabricated, and tested. Computational imaging techniques are then employed to demonstrate the ability of these devices to reconstruct high-quality images of relatively complex objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard C Kogos
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Photonics Center, Boston University, 8 Saint Mary's Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yunzhe Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Photonics Center, Boston University, 8 Saint Mary's Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jianing Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Photonics Center, Boston University, 8 Saint Mary's Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yuyu Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Photonics Center, Boston University, 8 Saint Mary's Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Photonics Center, Boston University, 8 Saint Mary's Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Roberto Paiella
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Photonics Center, Boston University, 8 Saint Mary's Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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17
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Pan Q, Su M, Zhang Z, Chen B, Huang Z, Hu X, Cai Z, Song Y. Omnidirectional Photodetectors Based on Spatial Resonance Asymmetric Facade via a 3D Self-Standing Strategy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1907280. [PMID: 32108392 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201907280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Integration of photovoltaic materials directly into 3D light-matter resonance architectures can extend their functionality beyond traditional optoelectronics. Semiconductor structures at subwavelength scale naturally possess optical resonances, which provides the possibility to manipulate light-matter interactions. In this work, a structure and function integrated printing method to remodel 2D film to 3D self-standing facade between predesigned gold electrodes, realizing the advancement of structure and function from 2D to 3D, is demonstrated. Due to the enlarged cross section in the 3D asymmetric rectangular structure, the facade photodetectors possess sensitive light-matter interaction. The single 3D facade photodetectors can measure the incident angle of light in 3D space with a 10° angular resolution. The resonance interaction of the incident light at different illumination angles and the 3D subwavelength photosensitive facade is analyzed by the simulated light flow in the facade. The 3D facade structure enhances the manipulation of the light-matter interaction and extends metasurface nanophotonics to a wider range of materials. The monitoring of dynamic variation is achieved in a single facade photodetector. Together with the flexibility of structure and function integrated printing strategy, three and four branched photodetectors extend the angle detection to omnidirectional ranges, which will be significant for the development of 3D angle-sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Remodeling Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Meng Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zeying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Remodeling Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bingda Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Remodeling Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhandong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Remodeling Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zheren Cai
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Remodeling Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Remodeling Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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18
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Lee T, Nomura T, Su X, Iizuka H. Fano-Like Acoustic Resonance for Subwavelength Directional Sensing: 0-360 Degree Measurement. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1903101. [PMID: 32195101 PMCID: PMC7080540 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201903101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Directional sound sensing plays a critical role in many applications involving the localization of a sound source. However, the sensing range limit and fabrication difficulties of current acoustic sensing technologies pose challenges in realizing compact subwavelength direction sensors. Here, a subwavelength directional sensor is demonstrated, which can detect the angle of an incident wave in a full angle range (0°∼360°). The directional sensing is realized with acoustic coupling of Helmholtz resonators each supporting a monopolar resonance, which are monitored by conventional microphones. When these resonators scatter sound into free-space acoustic modes, the scattered waves from each resonator interfere, resulting in a Fano-like resonance where the spectral responses of the constituent resonators are drastically different from each other. This work provides a critical understanding of resonant coupling as well as a viable solution for directional sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehwa Lee
- Toyota Research Institute of North AmericaToyota Motor North AmericaAnn ArborMI48105USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Nomura
- Toyota Research Institute of North AmericaToyota Motor North AmericaAnn ArborMI48105USA
| | - Xiaoshi Su
- Toyota Research Institute of North AmericaToyota Motor North AmericaAnn ArborMI48105USA
| | - Hideo Iizuka
- Toyota Research Institute of North AmericaToyota Motor North AmericaAnn ArborMI48105USA
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19
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Wei J, Lee C. Anomalous plasmon hybridization in nanoantennas near interfaces. OPTICS LETTERS 2019; 44:6041-6044. [PMID: 32628214 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.006041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report on an anomalous plasmon hybridization in side-by-side coupled metallic nanoantennas on top of a silicon waveguide. Contrary to the conventional perception based on Coulomb coupling, the hybridized anti-symmetric mode in our structure possesses a higher resonance frequency than the symmetric mode. This unusual phenomenon reveals a new mechanism of plasmon hybridization, namely, coupling-induced charge redistribution. Our work includes numerical simulation, experimental validation, and theoretical analysis, emphasizing the importance of dielectric interfaces in coupled plasmonic structures, and offers new possibilities for non-Hermitian systems and integrated devices.
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20
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Christensen-Dalsgaard J, Manley GA. Sound localization by the internally coupled ears of lizards: From biophysics to biorobotics. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 146:4718. [PMID: 31893756 DOI: 10.1121/1.5138929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As they are generally small and only hear low frequencies, lizards have few cues for localizing sound. However, their ears show extreme directionality (up to 30 dB direction-dependent difference in eardrum vibrations) created by strong acoustical coupling of the eardrums, with almost perfect internal transmission from the contralateral ear over a broad frequency range. The activity of auditory nerve fibers reflects the eardrum directionality, so all auditory neurons are directional by default. This suggests that the ensuing neural processing of sound direction is simple in lizards. Even the simplest configuration of electrical analog models-two tympanic impedances connected via a central capacitor-produces directional patterns that are qualitatively similar to the experimental data on lizard ears. Several models, both analytical and (very recently) finite-element models, have been published. Robotic implementations using simplified models of the ear and of binaural comparison show that robust phonotaxic behavior can be generated with little additional processing and be performed by simple (and thus small and cheap) units. The authors review lizard directional processing and attempts at modeling and robotics with a twofold aim: to clarify the authors' understanding of central processing of sound localization in lizards, and to lead to technological developments of bioinspired robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geoffrey A Manley
- Department for Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University, Carl von Ossietzky Strasse 9-11, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany
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21
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Doiron CF, Naik GV. Non-Hermitian Selective Thermal Emitters using Metal-Semiconductor Hybrid Resonators. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1904154. [PMID: 31531907 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
All open systems that exchange energy with their environment are non-Hermitian. Thermal emitters are open systems that can benefit from the rich set of physical phenomena enabled by their non-Hermitian description. Using phase, symmetry, chirality, and topology, thermal radiation from hot surfaces can be unconventionally engineered to generate light with new states. Such thermal emitters are necessary for a wide variety of applications in sensing and energy conversion. Here, a non-Hermitian selective thermal emitter is experimentally demonstrated, which exhibits passive PT-symmetry in thermal emission at 700 °C. Furthermore, the effect of internal phase of the oscillator system on far-field thermal radiation is experimentally demonstrated. The ability to tune the oscillator phase provides new pathways for both engineering and controlling selective thermal emitters for applications in sensing and energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe F Doiron
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Gururaj V Naik
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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22
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Li Q, van de Groep J, Wang Y, Kik PG, Brongersma ML. Transparent multispectral photodetectors mimicking the human visual system. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4982. [PMID: 31676782 PMCID: PMC6825164 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12899-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Compact and lightweight photodetection elements play a critical role in the newly emerging augmented reality, wearable and sensing technologies. In these technologies, devices are preferred to be transparent to form an optical interface between a viewer and the outside world. For this reason, it is of great value to create detection platforms that are imperceptible to the human eye directly onto transparent substrates. Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) make ideal photodetectors as their optical resonances enable parsing of the multi-dimensional information carried by light. Unfortunately, these optical resonances also give rise to strong, undesired light scattering. In this work, we illustrate how a new optical resonance arising from the radiative coupling between arrayed silicon NWs can be harnessed to remove reflections from dielectric interfaces while affording spectro-polarimetric detection. The demonstrated transparent photodetector concept opens up promising platforms for transparent substrates as the base for opto-electronic devices and in situ optical measurement systems. For augmented reality technologies it is beneficial to create devices on transparent substrates that are imperceptible to the human eye. Here, the authors harness resonances from radiative coupling between arrayed silicon nanowire photodetectors to remove reflections while affording spectro-polarimetric detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qitong Li
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jorik van de Groep
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yifei Wang
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pieter G Kik
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Mark L Brongersma
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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23
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Abstract
Nature provides diverse solutions to passive visual depth sensing. Evolution has produced vision systems that are highly specialized and efficient, delivering depth-perception capabilities that often surpass those of existing artificial depth sensors. Here, we learn from the eyes of jumping spiders and demonstrate a metalens depth sensor that shares the compactness and high computational efficiency of its biological counterpart. Our device combines multifunctional metalenses, ultrathin nanophotonic components that control light at a subwavelength scale, and efficient computations to measure depth from image defocus. Compared with previous passive artificial depth sensors, our bioinspired design is lightweight, single-shot, and requires a small amount of computation. The integration of nanophotonics and efficient computation establishes a paradigm for design in computational sensing. Jumping spiders (Salticidae) rely on accurate depth perception for predation and navigation. They accomplish depth perception, despite their tiny brains, by using specialized optics. Each principal eye includes a multitiered retina that simultaneously receives multiple images with different amounts of defocus, and from these images, distance is decoded with relatively little computation. We introduce a compact depth sensor that is inspired by the jumping spider. It combines metalens optics, which modifies the phase of incident light at a subwavelength scale, with efficient computations to measure depth from image defocus. Instead of using a multitiered retina to transduce multiple simultaneous images, the sensor uses a metalens to split the light that passes through an aperture and concurrently form 2 differently defocused images at distinct regions of a single planar photosensor. We demonstrate a system that deploys a 3-mm-diameter metalens to measure depth over a 10-cm distance range, using fewer than 700 floating point operations per output pixel. Compared with previous passive depth sensors, our metalens depth sensor is compact, single-shot, and requires a small amount of computation. This integration of nanophotonics and efficient computation brings artificial depth sensing closer to being feasible on millimeter-scale, microwatts platforms such as microrobots and microsensor networks.
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24
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Baraban L, Ibarlucea B, Baek E, Cuniberti G. Hybrid Silicon Nanowire Devices and Their Functional Diversity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1900522. [PMID: 31406669 PMCID: PMC6685480 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In the pool of nanostructured materials, silicon nanostructures are known as conventionally used building blocks of commercially available electronic devices. Their application areas span from miniaturized elements of devices and circuits to ultrasensitive biosensors for diagnostics. In this Review, the current trends in the developments of silicon nanowire-based devices are summarized, and their functionalities, novel architectures, and applications are discussed from the point of view of analog electronics, arisen from the ability of (bio)chemical gating of the carrier channel. Hybrid nanowire-based devices are introduced and described as systems decorated by, e.g., organic complexes (biomolecules, polymers, and organic films), aimed to substantially extend their functionality, compared to traditional systems. Their functional diversity is explored considering their architecture as well as areas of their applications, outlining several groups of devices that benefit from the coatings. The first group is the biosensors that are able to represent label-free assays thanks to the attached biological receptors. The second group is represented by devices for optoelectronics that acquire higher optical sensitivity or efficiency due to the specific photosensitive decoration of the nanowires. Finally, the so-called new bioinspired neuromorphic devices are shown, which are aimed to mimic the functions of the biological cells, e.g., neurons and synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larysa Baraban
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute for Materials ScienceTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CfAED) TU Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Bergoi Ibarlucea
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute for Materials ScienceTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CfAED) TU Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Eunhye Baek
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute for Materials ScienceTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CfAED) TU Dresden01062DresdenGermany
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute for Materials ScienceTechnische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CfAED) TU Dresden01062DresdenGermany
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Chen J, Wang P, Ming H, Lakowicz JR, Zhang D. Fano resonance and polarization transformation induced by interpolarization coupling of Bloch surface waves. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B 2019; 99:115420. [PMID: 33842743 PMCID: PMC8034434 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.99.115420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the resonant coupling behaviors between the transverse-electric (TE) and transverse-magnetic (TM) Bloch surface waves (BSWs) on a dielectric multilayer have been theoretically studied. Due to the different penetration depths in the dielectric multilayer, the TM BSWs and TE BSWs can act as the radiative and dark electromagnetic modes, respectively. By using a rectangular grating on the dielectric multilayer, both Rabi splitting and Fano resonance phenomena based on the coupling of the two BSW modes were demonstrated, through tuning the period of the grating and the azimuthal angle of the incoming wave. Furthermore, by using the temporal coupled-mode theory, we show that the anti-Hermitian coupling between the two BSW modes contributes to the enhanced diffraction and the huge polarization transformation efficiency of incoming waves in the weak coupling regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxue Chen
- School of Science, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei Wang
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Optics and Optical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai Ming
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Optics and Optical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Joseph R. Lakowicz
- Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Douguo Zhang
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Optics and Optical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
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