1
|
Flynn M, Campbell IC, Schmidt U. Concurrent self-administered transcranial direct current stimulation and attention bias modification training in binge eating disorder: feasibility randomised sham-controlled trial. BJPsych Open 2024; 10:e118. [PMID: 38840537 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2024.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge eating disorder (BED) is a common and disabling condition, typically presenting with multiple psychiatric and obesity-related comorbidities. Evidence-based treatments are either resource-intensive (psychotherapies) or have side-effects (medications): these achieve remission in around 50% of cases. Novel treatments are needed. AIMS This randomised sham-controlled trial aimed to assess feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of at-home, self-administered transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and attention bias modification training (ABMT) in adults with binge eating disorder. METHOD Eighty-two participants with binge eating disorder were randomly allocated to real tDCS with ABMT, sham tDCS with ABMT, ABMT only or waitlist control. Intervention groups received ten sessions of their allocated treatment over 2-3 weeks. tDCS (2 mA, 20 min) was self-administered using a bilateral (anode right/cathode left) montage targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, post-treatment and 6-week follow-up. RESULTS Prespecified feasibility criteria (recruitment ≥80 participants and retention rate ≥75%) were exceeded, and treatment completion rates were high (98.7%). All interventions reduced binge eating episodes, eating disorder symptoms and related psychopathology between baseline and follow-up, relative to waitlist control (medium-to-large between-group effect sizes for change scores). Small-to-medium effect sizes for change scores favoured real tDCS with ABMT versus comparators, suggesting the verum intervention produces superior outcomes. CONCLUSIONS At-home, self-administered tDCS with ABMT is feasible and acceptable, and preliminary data on efficacy are promising. This approach could be a useful and scalable alternative or adjunct to established treatments for binge eating disorder. Confirmatory trials can, and should, be pursued.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Flynn
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Iain C Campbell
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; and Outpatient Eating Disorder Service, Maudsley Hospital, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shao L, Wei H, Liu J, Ma W, Yu P, Wang M, Mao L. Graphdiyne as a Highly Efficient and Neuron-Targeted Photothermal Transducer for in Vivo Neuromodulation. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38838347 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Photothermal modulation of neural activity offers a promising approach for understanding brain circuits and developing therapies for neurological disorders. However, the low neuron selectivity and inefficient light-to-heat conversion of existing photothermal nanomaterials significantly limit their potential for neuromodulation. Here, we report that graphdiyne (GDY) can be developed into an efficient neuron-targeted photothermal transducer for in vivo modulation of neuronal activity through rational surface functionalization. We functionalize GDY with polyethylene glycol (PEG) through noncovalent hydrophobic interactions, followed by antibody conjugation to specifically target the temperature-sensitive transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) on the surface of neural cells. The nanotransducer not only exhibits high photothermal conversion efficiency in the near-infrared region but also shows great TRPV1-targeting capability. This enables photothermal activation of TRPV1, leading to neurotransmitter release in cells and modulation of neural firing in living mice. With its precision and selectivity, the GDY-based transducer provides an innovative avenue for understanding brain function and developing therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leihou Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Institute of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology (Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis), Beijing 100089, China
| | - Huan Wei
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Institute of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology (Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis), Beijing 100089, China
| | - Wenjie Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lanqun Mao
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ma LH, Li S, Jiao XH, Li ZY, Zhou Y, Zhou CR, Zhou CH, Zheng H, Wu YQ. BLA-involved circuits in neuropsychiatric disorders. Ageing Res Rev 2024:102363. [PMID: 38838785 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The basolateral amygdala (BLA) is the subregion of the amygdala located in the medial of the temporal lobe, which is connected with a wide range of brain regions to achieve diverse functions. Recently, an increasing number of studies have focused on the participation of the BLA in many neuropsychiatric disorders from the neural circuit perspective, aided by the rapid development of viral tracing methods and increasingly specific neural modulation technologies. However, how to translate this circuit-level preclinical intervention into clinical treatment using noninvasive or minor invasive manipulations to benefit patients struggling with neuropsychiatric disorders is still an inevitable question to be considered. In this review, we summarized the role of BLA-involved circuits in neuropsychiatric disorders including Alzheimer's disease, perioperative neurocognitive disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, posttraumatic stress disorders, autism spectrum disorders, and pain-associative affective states and cognitive dysfunctions. Additionally, we provide insights into future directions and challenges for clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hui Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xin-Hao Jiao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Zi-Yi Li
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Chen-Rui Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Cheng-Hua Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Yu-Qing Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xia AWL, Jin M, Qin PPI, Kan RLD, Zhang BBB, Giron CG, Lin TTZ, Li ASM, Kranz GS. Instantaneous effects of prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation on brain oxygenation: A systematic review. Neuroimage 2024; 293:120618. [PMID: 38636640 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review investigates how prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) immediately influences neuronal excitability based on oxygenation changes measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). A thorough understanding of TMS-induced excitability changes may enable clinicians to adjust TMS parameters and optimize treatment plans proactively. Five databases were searched for human studies evaluating brain excitability using concurrent TMS/fMRI or TMS/fNIRS. Thirty-seven studies (13 concurrent TMS/fNIRS studies, 24 concurrent TMS/fMRI studies) were included in a qualitative synthesis. Despite methodological inconsistencies, a distinct pattern of activated nodes in the frontoparietal central executive network, the cingulo-opercular salience network, and the default-mode network emerged. The activated nodes included the prefrontal cortex (particularly dorsolateral prefrontal cortex), insula cortex, striatal regions (especially caudate, putamen), anterior cingulate cortex, and thalamus. High-frequency repetitive TMS most consistently induced expected facilitatory effects in these brain regions. However, varied stimulation parameters (e.g., intensity, coil orientation, target sites) and the inter- and intra-individual variability of brain state contribute to the observed heterogeneity of target excitability and co-activated regions. Given the considerable methodological and individual variability across the limited evidence, conclusions should be drawn with caution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam W L Xia
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Minxia Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Penny P I Qin
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rebecca L D Kan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bella B B Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cristian G Giron
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tim T Z Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ami S M Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Georg S Kranz
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; Mental Health Research Center (MHRC), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ehrhardt SE, Wards Y, Rideaux R, Marjańska M, Jin J, Cloos MA, Deelchand DK, Zöllner HJ, Saleh MG, Hui SCN, Ali T, Shaw TB, Barth M, Mattingley JB, Filmer HL, Dux PE. Neurochemical Predictors of Generalized Learning Induced by Brain Stimulation and Training. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1676232024. [PMID: 38531634 PMCID: PMC11112648 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1676-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Methods of cognitive enhancement for humans are most impactful when they generalize across tasks. However, the extent to which such "transfer" is possible via interventions is widely debated. In addition, the contribution of excitatory and inhibitory processes to such transfer is unknown. Here, in a large-scale neuroimaging individual differences study with humans (both sexes), we paired multitasking training and noninvasive brain stimulation (transcranial direct current stimulation, tDCS) over multiple days and assessed performance across a range of paradigms. In addition, we varied tDCS dosage (1.0 and 2.0 mA), electrode montage (left or right prefrontal regions), and training task (multitasking vs a control task) and assessed GABA and glutamate concentrations via ultrahigh field 7T magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Generalized benefits were observed in spatial attention, indexed by visual search performance, when multitasking training was combined with 1.0 mA stimulation targeting either the left or right prefrontal cortex (PFC). This transfer effect persisted for ∼30 d post intervention. Critically, the transferred benefits associated with right prefrontal tDCS were predicted by pretraining concentrations of glutamate in the PFC. Thus, the effects of this combined stimulation and training protocol appear to be linked predominantly to excitatory brain processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shane E Ehrhardt
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yohan Wards
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Reuben Rideaux
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Małgorzata Marjańska
- Department of Radiology, Centre for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Jin Jin
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Siemens Healthcare Pty Ltd., Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Martijn A Cloos
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Dinesh K Deelchand
- Department of Radiology, Centre for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Helge J Zöllner
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Muhammad G Saleh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Steve C N Hui
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Tonima Ali
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Thomas B Shaw
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Markus Barth
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jason B Mattingley
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Hannah L Filmer
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Paul E Dux
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lee HH, Fernández A, Carrasco M. Adaptation and exogenous attention interact in the early visual cortex: A TMS study. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.27.563093. [PMID: 37961163 PMCID: PMC10634897 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.27.563093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to early visual cortex modulates the effect of adaptation and eliminates the effect of exogenous (involuntary) attention on contrast sensitivity. Here we investigated whether adaptation modulates exogenous attention under TMS to V1/V2. Observers performed an orientation discrimination task while attending to one of two stimuli, with or without adaptation. Following an attentional cue, two stimuli were presented in the stimulated region and its contralateral symmetric region. A response cue indicated the stimulus whose orientation observers had to discriminate. Without adaptation, in the distractor-stimulated condition, contrast sensitivity increased at the attended location and decreased at the unattended location via response gain-but these effects were eliminated in the target-stimulated condition. Critically, after adaptation, exogenous attention altered performance similarly in both distractor-stimulated and target-stimulated conditions. These results reveal that (1) adaptation and attention interact in the early visual cortex, and (2) adaptation shields exogenous attention from TMS effects.
Collapse
|
7
|
Grosshagauer S, Woletz M, Vasileiadi M, Linhardt D, Nohava L, Schuler AL, Windischberger C, Williams N, Tik M. Chronometric TMS-fMRI of personalized left dorsolateral prefrontal target reveals state-dependency of subgenual anterior cingulate cortex effects. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02535-3. [PMID: 38532009 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02535-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to a left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) area with a specific connectivity profile to the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) has emerged as a highly effective non-invasive treatment option for depression. However, antidepressant outcomes demonstrate significant variability among therapy plans and individuals. One overlooked contributing factor is the individual brain state at the time of treatment. In this study we used interleaved TMS-fMRI to investigate the influence of brain state on acute TMS effects, both locally and remotely. TMS was performed during rest and during different phases of cognitive task processing. Twenty healthy participants were included in this study. In the first session, imaging data for TMS targeting were acquired, allowing for identification of individualized targets in the left DLPFC based on highest anti-correlation with the sgACC. The second session involved chronometric interleaved TMS-fMRI measurements, with 10 Hz triplets of TMS administered during rest and at distinct timings during an N-back task. Consistent with prior findings, interleaved TMS-fMRI revealed significant BOLD activation changes in the targeted network. The precise timing of TMS relative to the cognitive states during the task demonstrated distinct BOLD response in clinically relevant brain regions, including the sgACC. Employing a standardized timing approach for TMS using a task revealed more consistent modulation of the sgACC at the group level compared to stimulation during rest. In conclusion, our findings strongly suggest that acute local and remote effects of TMS are influenced by brain state during stimulation. This study establishes a basis for considering brain state as a significant factor in designing treatment protocols, possibly improving TMS treatment outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Grosshagauer
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Woletz
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Vasileiadi
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Linhardt
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lena Nohava
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna-Lisa Schuler
- Research Group Cognition and Plasticity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Windischberger
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nolan Williams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Martin Tik
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Noda T, Aschauer DF, Chambers AR, Seiler JPH, Rumpel S. Representational maps in the brain: concepts, approaches, and applications. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1366200. [PMID: 38584779 PMCID: PMC10995314 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1366200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Neural systems have evolved to process sensory stimuli in a way that allows for efficient and adaptive behavior in a complex environment. Recent technological advances enable us to investigate sensory processing in animal models by simultaneously recording the activity of large populations of neurons with single-cell resolution, yielding high-dimensional datasets. In this review, we discuss concepts and approaches for assessing the population-level representation of sensory stimuli in the form of a representational map. In such a map, not only are the identities of stimuli distinctly represented, but their relational similarity is also mapped onto the space of neuronal activity. We highlight example studies in which the structure of representational maps in the brain are estimated from recordings in humans as well as animals and compare their methodological approaches. Finally, we integrate these aspects and provide an outlook for how the concept of representational maps could be applied to various fields in basic and clinical neuroscience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Noda
- Institute of Physiology, Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dominik F. Aschauer
- Institute of Physiology, Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna R. Chambers
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Johannes P.-H. Seiler
- Institute of Physiology, Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Simon Rumpel
- Institute of Physiology, Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University-Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Toth J, Kurtin DL, Brosnan M, Arvaneh M. Opportunities and obstacles in non-invasive brain stimulation. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1385427. [PMID: 38562225 PMCID: PMC10982339 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1385427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is a complex and multifaceted approach to modulating brain activity and holds the potential for broad accessibility. This work discusses the mechanisms of the four distinct approaches to modulating brain activity non-invasively: electrical currents, magnetic fields, light, and ultrasound. We examine the dual stochastic and deterministic nature of brain activity and its implications for NIBS, highlighting the challenges posed by inter-individual variability, nebulous dose-response relationships, potential biases and neuroanatomical heterogeneity. Looking forward, we propose five areas of opportunity for future research: closed-loop stimulation, consistent stimulation of the intended target region, reducing bias, multimodal approaches, and strategies to address low sample sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jake Toth
- Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, Neuroscience Institute, Insigneo Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Méadhbh Brosnan
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mahnaz Arvaneh
- Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, Neuroscience Institute, Insigneo Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sack AT, Paneva J, Küthe T, Dijkstra E, Zwienenberg L, Arns M, Schuhmann T. Target Engagement and Brain State Dependence of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Implications for Clinical Practice. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:536-544. [PMID: 37739330 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is capable of noninvasively inducing lasting neuroplastic changes when applied repetitively across multiple treatment sessions. In recent years, repetitive TMS has developed into an established evidence-based treatment for various neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression. Despite significant advancements in our understanding of the mechanisms of action of TMS, there is still much to learn about how these mechanisms relate to the clinical effects observed in patients. If there is one thing about TMS that we know for sure, it is that TMS effects are state dependent. In this review, we describe how the effects of TMS on brain networks depend on various factors, including cognitive brain state, oscillatory brain state, and recent brain state history. These states play a crucial role in determining the effects of TMS at the moment of stimulation and are therefore directly linked to what is referred to as target engagement in TMS therapy. There is no control over target engagement without considering the different brain state dependencies of our TMS intervention. Clinical TMS protocols are largely ignoring this fundamental principle, which may explain the large variability and often still limited efficacy of TMS treatments. We propose that after almost 30 years of research on state dependency of TMS, it is time to change standard clinical practice by taking advantage of this fundamental principle. Rather than ignoring TMS state dependency, we can use it to our clinical advantage to improve the effectiveness of TMS treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Sack
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Brain + Nerve Center, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Jasmina Paneva
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tara Küthe
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Eva Dijkstra
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Heart and Brain Group, Brainclinics Foundation, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Neurowave, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lauren Zwienenberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Heart and Brain Group, Brainclinics Foundation, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Synaeda Psycho Medisch Centrum, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn Arns
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Brain + Nerve Center, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Heart and Brain Group, Brainclinics Foundation, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Teresa Schuhmann
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zrenner C, Ziemann U. Closed-Loop Brain Stimulation. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:545-552. [PMID: 37743002 PMCID: PMC10881194 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
In the same way that beauty lies in the eye of the beholder, what a stimulus does to the brain is determined not simply by the nature of the stimulus but by the nature of the brain that is receiving the stimulus at that instant in time. Over the past decades, therapeutic brain stimulation has typically applied open-loop fixed protocols and has largely ignored this principle. Only recent neurotechnological advancements have enabled us to predict the nature of the brain (i.e., the electrophysiological brain state in the next instance in time) with sufficient temporal precision in the range of milliseconds using feedforward algorithms applied to electroencephalography time-series data. This allows stimulation exclusively whenever the targeted brain area is in a prespecified excitability or connectivity state. Preclinical studies have shown that repetitive stimulation during a particular brain state (e.g., high-excitability state), but not during other states, results in lasting modification (e.g., long-term potentiation) of the stimulated circuits. Here, we survey the evidence that this is also possible at the systems level of the human cortex using electroencephalography-informed transcranial magnetic stimulation. We critically discuss opportunities and difficulties in developing brain state-dependent stimulation for more effective long-term modification of pathological brain networks (e.g., in major depressive disorder) than is achievable with conventional fixed protocols. The same real-time electroencephalography-informed transcranial magnetic stimulation technology will allow closing of the loop by recording the effects of stimulation. This information may enable stimulation protocol adaptation that maximizes treatment response. This way, brain states control brain stimulation, thereby introducing a paradigm shift from open-loop to closed-loop stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Zrenner
- Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology & Stroke, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Ulf Ziemann
- Department of Neurology & Stroke, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Strohman A, Isaac G, Payne B, Verdonk C, Khalsa SS, Legon W. Low-intensity focused ultrasound to the human insular cortex differentially modulates the heartbeat-evoked potential: a proof-of-concept study. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.08.584152. [PMID: 38559271 PMCID: PMC10979877 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.08.584152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Background The heartbeat evoked potential (HEP) is a brain response time-locked to the heartbeat and a potential marker of interoceptive processing. The insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) are brain regions that may be involved in generating the HEP. Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that can selectively target sub-regions of the insula and dACC to better understand their contributions to the HEP. Objective Proof-of-concept study to determine whether LIFU modulation of the anterior insula (AI), posterior insula (PI), and dACC influences the HEP. Methods In a within-subject, repeated-measures design, healthy human participants (n=16) received 10 minutes of stereotaxically targeted LIFU to the AI, PI, dACC or Sham at rest during continuous electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) recording on separate days. Primary outcome was change in HEP amplitudes. Relationships between LIFU pressure and HEP changes were examined using linear mixed modelling. Peripheral indices of visceromotor output including heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) were explored between conditions. Results Relative to sham, LIFU to the PI, but not AI or dACC, decreased HEP amplitudes; this was partially explained by increased LIFU pressure. LIFU did not affect time or frequency dependent measures of HRV. Conclusions These results demonstrate the ability to modulate HEP amplitudes via non-invasive targeting of key interoceptive brain regions. Our findings have implications for the causal role of these areas in bottom-up heart-brain communication that could guide future work investigating the HEP as a marker of interoceptive processing in healthy and clinical populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Strohman
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
| | - Gabriel Isaac
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24016, USA
| | - Brighton Payne
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
| | - Charles Verdonk
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- VIFASOM (EA 7330 Vigilance Fatigue, Sommeil et Santé Publique), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Sahib S. Khalsa
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Wynn Legon
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
- Center for Human Neuroscience Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
- Center for Health Behaviors Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24016, USA
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carilion Clinic, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhao W, Yu YM, Wang XY, Xia SH, Ma Y, Tang H, Tao M, Li H, Xu Z, Yang JX, Wu P, Zhang H, Ding HL, Cao JL. CRF regulates pain sensation by enhancement of corticoaccumbal excitatory synaptic transmission. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02488-7. [PMID: 38454083 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02488-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Both peripheral and central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) systems have been implicated in regulating pain sensation. However, compared with the peripheral, the mechanisms underlying central CRF system in pain modulation have not yet been elucidated, especially at the neural circuit level. The corticoaccumbal circuit, a structure rich in CRF receptors and CRF-positive neurons, plays an important role in behavioral responses to stressors including nociceptive stimuli. The present study was designed to investigate whether and how CRF signaling in this circuit regulated pain sensation under physiological and pathological pain conditions. Our studies employed the viral tracing and circuit-, and cell-specific electrophysiological methods to label the CRF-containing circuit from the medial prefrontal cortex to the nucleus accumbens shell (mPFCCRF-NAcS) and record its neuronal propriety. Combining optogenetic and chemogenetic manipulation, neuropharmacological methods, and behavioral tests, we were able to precisely manipulate this circuit and depict its role in regulation of pain sensation. The current study found that the CRF signaling in the NAc shell (NAcS), but not NAc core, was necessary and sufficient for the regulation of pain sensation under physiological and pathological pain conditions. This process was involved in the CRF-mediated enhancement of excitatory synaptic transmission in the NAcS. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the mPFCCRF neurons monosynaptically connected with the NAcS neurons. Chronic pain increased the protein level of CRF in NAcS, and then maintained the persistent NAcS neuronal hyperactivity through enhancement of this monosynaptic excitatory connection, and thus sustained chronic pain behavior. These findings reveal a novel cell- and circuit-based mechanistic link between chronic pain and the mPFCCRF → NAcS circuit and provide a potential new therapeutic target for chronic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weinan Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Mei Yu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sun-Hui Xia
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huimei Tang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingshu Tao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - He Li
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun-Xia Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai-Lei Ding
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun-Li Cao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dadarlat MC, Sun YJ, Stryker MP. Activity-dependent recruitment of inhibition and excitation in the awake mammalian cortex during electrical stimulation. Neuron 2024; 112:821-834.e4. [PMID: 38134920 PMCID: PMC10949925 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Electrical stimulation is an effective tool for mapping and altering brain connectivity, with applications ranging from treating pharmacology-resistant neurological disorders to providing sensory feedback for neural prostheses. Paramount to the success of these applications is the ability to manipulate electrical currents to precisely control evoked neural activity patterns. However, little is known about stimulation-evoked responses in inhibitory neurons nor how stimulation-evoked activity patterns depend on ongoing neural activity. In this study, we used 2-photon imaging and cell-type specific labeling to measure single-cell responses of excitatory and inhibitory neurons to electrical stimuli in the visual cortex of awake mice. Our data revealed strong interactions between electrical stimulation and pre-stimulus activity of single neurons in awake animals and distinct recruitment and response patterns for excitatory and inhibitory neurons. This work demonstrates the importance of cell-type-specific labeling of neurons in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Dadarlat
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
| | - Yujiao Jennifer Sun
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Michael P Stryker
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Roalf DR, Figee M, Oathes DJ. Elevating the field for applying neuroimaging to individual patients in psychiatry. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:87. [PMID: 38341414 PMCID: PMC10858949 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02781-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Although neuroimaging has been widely applied in psychiatry, much of the exuberance in decades past has been tempered by failed replications and a lack of definitive evidence to support the utility of imaging to inform clinical decisions. There are multiple promising ways forward to demonstrate the relevance of neuroimaging for psychiatry at the individual patient level. Ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging is developing as a sensitive measure of neurometabolic processes of particular relevance that holds promise as a new way to characterize patient abnormalities as well as variability in response to treatment. Neuroimaging may also be particularly suited to the science of brain stimulation interventions in psychiatry given that imaging can both inform brain targeting as well as measure changes in brain circuit communication as a function of how effectively interventions improve symptoms. We argue that a greater focus on individual patient imaging data will pave the way to stronger relevance to clinical care in psychiatry. We also stress the importance of using imaging in symptom-relevant experimental manipulations and how relevance will be best demonstrated by pairing imaging with differential treatment prediction and outcome measurement. The priorities for using brain imaging to inform psychiatry may be shifting, which compels the field to solidify clinical relevance for individual patients over exploratory associations and biomarkers that ultimately fail to replicate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David R Roalf
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Neurodevelopment & Psychosis Section, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Martijn Figee
- Nash Family Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Desmond J Oathes
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Center for Brain Imaging and Stimulation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Penn Brain Science Translation, Innovation, and Modulation Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Young MJ, Fecchio M, Bodien YG, Edlow BL. Covert cortical processing: a diagnosis in search of a definition. Neurosci Conscious 2024; 2024:niad026. [PMID: 38327828 PMCID: PMC10849751 DOI: 10.1093/nc/niad026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Historically, clinical evaluation of unresponsive patients following brain injury has relied principally on serial behavioral examination to search for emerging signs of consciousness and track recovery. Advances in neuroimaging and electrophysiologic techniques now enable clinicians to peer into residual brain functions even in the absence of overt behavioral signs. These advances have expanded clinicians' ability to sub-stratify behaviorally unresponsive and seemingly unaware patients following brain injury by querying and classifying covert brain activity made evident through active or passive neuroimaging or electrophysiologic techniques, including functional MRI, electroencephalography (EEG), transcranial magnetic stimulation-EEG, and positron emission tomography. Clinical research has thus reciprocally influenced clinical practice, giving rise to new diagnostic categories including cognitive-motor dissociation (i.e. 'covert consciousness') and covert cortical processing (CCP). While covert consciousness has received extensive attention and study, CCP is relatively less understood. We describe that CCP is an emerging and clinically relevant state of consciousness marked by the presence of intact association cortex responses to environmental stimuli in the absence of behavioral evidence of stimulus processing. CCP is not a monotonic state but rather encapsulates a spectrum of possible association cortex responses from rudimentary to complex and to a range of possible stimuli. In constructing a roadmap for this evolving field, we emphasize that efforts to inform clinicians, philosophers, and researchers of this condition are crucial. Along with strategies to sensitize diagnostic criteria and disorders of consciousness nosology to these vital discoveries, democratizing access to the resources necessary for clinical identification of CCP is an emerging clinical and ethical imperative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Young
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 101 Merrimac Street, Suite 310, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Matteo Fecchio
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 101 Merrimac Street, Suite 310, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yelena G Bodien
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 101 Merrimac Street, Suite 310, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 1st Ave, Charlestown, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Brian L Edlow
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 101 Merrimac Street, Suite 310, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 149 13th St, Charlestown, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Marzetti L, Makkinayeri S, Pieramico G, Guidotti R, D'Andrea A, Roine T, Mutanen TP, Souza VH, Kičić D, Baldassarre A, Ermolova M, Pankka H, Ilmoniemi RJ, Ziemann U, Luca Romani G, Pizzella V. Towards real-time identification of large-scale brain states for improved brain state-dependent stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 158:196-203. [PMID: 37827877 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marzetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy; Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy.
| | - Saeed Makkinayeri
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy
| | - Giulia Pieramico
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy
| | - Roberto Guidotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy
| | - Antea D'Andrea
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy
| | - Timo Roine
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki, Aalto University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomas P Mutanen
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Victor H Souza
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki, Aalto University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dubravko Kičić
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki, Aalto University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antonello Baldassarre
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy
| | - Maria Ermolova
- Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; Department of Neurology & Stroke, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Hanna Pankka
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Risto J Ilmoniemi
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Ulf Ziemann
- Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; Department of Neurology & Stroke, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Gian Luca Romani
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy
| | - Vittorio Pizzella
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy; Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Abruzzo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Šimko P, Pupíková M, Gajdoš M, Klobušiaková P, Vávra V, Šimo A, Rektorová I. Exploring the impact of intensified multiple session tDCS over the left DLPFC on brain function in MCI: a randomized control trial. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1512. [PMID: 38233437 PMCID: PMC10794210 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51690-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with cognitive training (tDCS-cog) represents a promising approach to combat cognitive decline among healthy older adults and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In this 5-day-long double-blinded randomized trial, we investigated the impact of intensified tDCS-cog protocol involving two trains of stimulation per day on working memory (WM) enhancement in 35 amnestic and multidomain amnestic MCI patients. Specifically, we focused to improve WM tasks relying on top-down attentional control and hypothesized that intensified tDCS would enhance performance of visual object matching task (VOMT) immediately after the stimulation regimen and at a 1-month follow-up. Secondarily, we explored whether the stimulation would augment online visual working memory training. Using fMRI, we aimed to elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying the intervention effects by analyzing BOLD activations during VOMT. Our main finding revealed no superior after-effects of tDCS-cog over the sham on VOMT among individuals with MCI as indicated by insignificant immediate and long-lasting after-effects. Additionally, the tDCS-cog did not enhance online training as predicted. The fMRI analysis revealed brain activity alterations in right insula that may be linked to tDCS-cog intervention. In the study we discuss the insignificant behavioral results in the context of the current evidence in tDCS parameter space and opening the discussion of possible interference between trained cognitive tasks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Šimko
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology - CEITEC, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Pupíková
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology - CEITEC, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Gajdoš
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology - CEITEC, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Klobušiaková
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology - CEITEC, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Surgeon General Office of the, Slovak Armed Forces, Ružomberok, Slovak Republic
| | - V Vávra
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - A Šimo
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - I Rektorová
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology - CEITEC, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
van Rooij SJH, Arulpragasam AR, McDonald WM, Philip NS. Accelerated TMS - moving quickly into the future of depression treatment. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:128-137. [PMID: 37217771 PMCID: PMC10700378 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01599-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Accelerated TMS is an emerging application of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) aimed to reduce treatment length and improve response time. Extant literature generally shows similar efficacy and safety profiles compared to the FDA-cleared protocols for TMS to treat major depressive disorder (MDD), yet accelerated TMS research remains at a very early stage in development. The few applied protocols have not been standardized and vary significantly across a set of core elements. In this review, we consider nine elements that include treatment parameters (i.e., frequency and inter-stimulation interval), cumulative exposure (i.e., number of treatment days, sessions per day, and pulses per session), individualized parameters (i.e., treatment target and dose), and brain state (i.e., context and concurrent treatments). Precisely which of these elements is critical and what parameters are most optimal for the treatment of MDD remains unclear. Other important considerations for accelerated TMS include durability of effect, safety profiles as doses increase over time, the possibility and advantage of individualized functional neuronavigation, use of biological readouts, and accessibility for patients most in need of the treatment. Overall, accelerated TMS appears to hold promise to reduce treatment time and achieve rapid reduction in depressive symptoms, but at this time significant work remains to be done. Rigorous clinical trials combining clinical outcomes and neuroscientific measures such as electroencephalogram, magnetic resonance imaging and e-field modeling are needed to define the future of accelerated TMS for MDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanne J H van Rooij
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Amanda R Arulpragasam
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Providence, RI, USA
- VA RR&D Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA
| | - William M McDonald
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Noah S Philip
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Providence, RI, USA.
- VA RR&D Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology, VA Providence Healthcare System, Providence, RI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang M, Xu T, Li D, Wu Y, Zhang B, Zhang S. Enhanced and spatially controllable neuronal activity induced by transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation combined with phase-change nanodroplets. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 101:106686. [PMID: 37956511 PMCID: PMC10661601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive ultrasound neuromodulation (USNM) is a powerful tool to explore neural circuits and treat neurological disorders. Due to the heterogeneity of the skull and regional variations in modulation and treatment objectives, it is necessary to develop an efficient and spatially controllable neuromodulation approach. Recently, transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) combined with external biomicro/nanomaterials for brain stimulation has garnered significant attention. This study focused on tFUS combined with perfluoropentane (PFP) nanodroplets (NDs) to improve the efficacy and spatial controllability of USNM. The developed two-stage variable pulse tFUS sequence that include the acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) pulse for vaporizing PFP NDs into microbubbles (MBs) and the USNM sequence for inducing mechanical oscillations of the formed MBs to enhance neuronal activity. Further, adjusting the acoustic pressure of the ADV pulse generated the controllable vaporization regions, thereby achieving spatially controllable neuromodulation. The results showed that the mean densities of c-fos+ cells expression in the group of PFP NDs with ADV (109 ± 19 cells/mm2) were significantly higher compared to the group without ADV (37.34 ± 8.24 cells/mm2). The acoustic pressure of the ADV pulse with 1.98 MPa and 2.81 MPa in vitro generated the vaporization regions of 0.146 ± 0.032 cm2 and 0.349 ± 0.056 cm2, respectively. Under the same stimulation conditions, a larger vaporization region was also obtained with higher acoustic pressure in vivo, inducing a broader region of neuronal activation. Therefore, this study will serve as a valuable reference for developing the efficient and spatially controllable tFUS neuromodulation strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Tianqi Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yue Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Baochen Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Garcia-Sanz S, Serra Grabulosa JM, Cohen Kadosh R, Muñóz Aguilar N, Marín Gutiérrez A, Redolar Ripoll D. Effects of prefrontal and parietal neuromodulation on magnitude processing and integration. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2023; 282:95-121. [PMID: 38035911 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Numerical cognition is an essential skill for survival, which includes the processing of discrete and continuous quantities, involving a mainly right fronto-parietal network. However, the neurocognitive systems underlying the processing and integration of discrete and continuous quantities are currently under debate. Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques have been used in the study of the neural basis of numerical cognition with a spatial, temporal and functional resolution superior to other neuroimaging techniques. The present randomized sham-controlled single-blinded trial addresses the involvement of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the right intraparietal sulcus in magnitude processing and integration. Multifocal anodal transcranial direct current stimulation was applied online during the execution of magnitude comparison tasks in three conditions: right prefrontal, right parietal and sham stimulation. The results show that prefrontal stimulation produced a moderated decrease in response times in all magnitude processing and integration tasks compared to sham condition. While parietal stimulation had no significant effect on any of the tasks. The effect found is interpreted as a generalized improvement in processing speed and magnitude integration due to right prefrontal neuromodulation, which may be attributable to domain-general or domain-specific factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Garcia-Sanz
- Faculty of Psychology and Education, Universidad del Atlantico Medio, Las Palmas, Spain; Child Development Research Group, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia.
| | | | - Roi Cohen Kadosh
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Diego Redolar Ripoll
- Cognitive Neurolab, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Goldenkoff ER, Deluisi JA, Destiny DP, Lee TG, Michon KJ, Brissenden JA, Taylor SF, Polk TA, Vesia M. The behavioral and neural effects of parietal theta burst stimulation on the grasp network are stronger during a grasping task than at rest. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1198222. [PMID: 37954875 PMCID: PMC10637360 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1198222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is widely used in neuroscience and clinical settings to modulate human cortical activity. The effects of TMS on neural activity depend on the excitability of specific neural populations at the time of stimulation. Accordingly, the brain state at the time of stimulation may influence the persistent effects of repetitive TMS on distal brain activity and associated behaviors. We applied intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) to a region in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) associated with grasp control to evaluate the interaction between stimulation and brain state. Across two experiments, we demonstrate the immediate responses of motor cortex activity and motor performance to state-dependent parietal stimulation. We randomly assigned 72 healthy adult participants to one of three TMS intervention groups, followed by electrophysiological measures with TMS and behavioral measures. Participants in the first group received iTBS to PPC while performing a grasping task concurrently. Participants in the second group received iTBS to PPC while in a task-free, resting state. A third group of participants received iTBS to a parietal region outside the cortical grasping network while performing a grasping task concurrently. We compared changes in motor cortical excitability and motor performance in the three stimulation groups within an hour of each intervention. We found that parietal stimulation during a behavioral manipulation that activates the cortical grasping network increased downstream motor cortical excitability and improved motor performance relative to stimulation during rest. We conclude that constraining the brain state with a behavioral task during brain stimulation has the potential to optimize plasticity induction in cortical circuit mechanisms that mediate movement processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph A. Deluisi
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Danielle P. Destiny
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Taraz G. Lee
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Katherine J. Michon
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - James A. Brissenden
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Stephan F. Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Thad A. Polk
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Michael Vesia
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li J, Wu C, Zeng M, Zhang Y, Wei D, Sun J, Fan H. Functional material-mediated wireless physical stimulation for neuro-modulation and regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:9056-9083. [PMID: 37649427 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01354e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Nerve injuries and neurological diseases remain intractable clinical challenges. Despite the advantages of stem cell therapy in treating neurological disorders, uncontrollable cell fates and loss of cell function in vivo are still challenging. Recently, increasing attention has been given to the roles of external physical signals, such as electricity and ultrasound, in regulating stem cell fate as well as activating or inhibiting neuronal activity, which provides new insights for the treatment of neurological disorders. However, direct physical stimulations in vivo are short in accuracy and safety. Functional materials that can absorb energy from a specific physical field exerted in a wireless way and then release another localized physical signal hold great advantages in mediating noninvasive or minimally invasive accurate indirect physical stimulations to promote the therapeutic effect on neurological disorders. In this review, the mechanism by which various physical signals regulate stem cell fate and neuronal activity is summarized. Based on these concepts, the approaches of using functional materials to mediate indirect wireless physical stimulation for neuro-modulation and regeneration are systematically reviewed. We expect that this review will contribute to developing wireless platforms for neural stimulation as an assistance for the treatment of neurological diseases and injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Chengheng Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Devices, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingze Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Dan Wei
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hongsong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rezayof A, Ghasemzadeh Z, Sahafi OH. Addictive drugs modify neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity to impair memory formation through neurotransmitter imbalances and signaling dysfunction. Neurochem Int 2023; 169:105572. [PMID: 37423274 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Drug abuse changes neurophysiological functions at multiple cellular and molecular levels in the addicted brain. Well-supported scientific evidence suggests that drugs negatively affect memory formation, decision-making and inhibition, and emotional and cognitive behaviors. The mesocorticolimbic brain regions are involved in reward-related learning and habitual drug-seeking/taking behaviors to develop physiological and psychological dependence on the drugs. This review highlights the importance of specific drug-induced chemical imbalances resulting in memory impairment through various neurotransmitter receptor-mediated signaling pathways. The mesocorticolimbic modifications in the expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) impair reward-related memory formation following drug abuse. The contributions of protein kinases and microRNAs (miRNAs), along with the transcriptional and epigenetic regulation have also been considered in memory impairment underlying drug addiction. Overall, we integrate the research on various types of drug-induced memory impairment in distinguished brain regions and provide a comprehensive review with clinical implications addressing the upcoming studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Rezayof
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Ghasemzadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Oveis Hosseinzadeh Sahafi
- Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang Z, Zhu Z, Zhou P, Zou Y, Yang J, Haick H, Wang Y. Soft Bioelectronics for Therapeutics. ACS NANO 2023; 17:17634-17667. [PMID: 37677154 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Soft bioelectronics play an increasingly crucial role in high-precision therapeutics due to their softness, biocompatibility, clinical accuracy, long-term stability, and patient-friendliness. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest representative therapeutic applications of advanced soft bioelectronics, ranging from wearable therapeutics for skin wounds, diabetes, ophthalmic diseases, muscle disorders, and other diseases to implantable therapeutics against complex diseases, such as cardiac arrhythmias, cancer, neurological diseases, and others. We also highlight key challenges and opportunities for future clinical translation and commercialization of soft therapeutic bioelectronics toward personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongman Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Zhongtai Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yunfan Zou
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jiawei Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Hossam Haick
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hanning NM, Fernández A, Carrasco M. Dissociable roles of human frontal eye fields and early visual cortex in presaccadic attention. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5381. [PMID: 37666805 PMCID: PMC10477327 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40678-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Shortly before saccadic eye movements, visual sensitivity at the saccade target is enhanced, at the expense of sensitivity elsewhere. Some behavioral and neural correlates of this presaccadic shift of attention resemble those of covert attention, deployed during fixation. Microstimulation in non-human primates has shown that presaccadic attention modulates perception via feedback from oculomotor to visual areas. This mechanism also seems plausible in humans, as both oculomotor and visual areas are active during saccade planning. We investigated this hypothesis by applying TMS to frontal or visual areas during saccade preparation. By simultaneously measuring perceptual performance, we show their causal and differential roles in contralateral presaccadic attention effects: Whereas rFEF+ stimulation enhanced sensitivity opposite the saccade target throughout saccade preparation, V1/V2 stimulation reduced sensitivity at the saccade target only shortly before saccade onset. These findings are consistent with presaccadic attention modulating perception through cortico-cortical feedback and further dissociate presaccadic and covert attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina M Hanning
- Department of Psychology & Center for Neural Sciences, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
- Institut für Psychologie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Antonio Fernández
- Department of Psychology & Center for Neural Sciences, New York University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Marisa Carrasco
- Department of Psychology & Center for Neural Sciences, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yaakub SN, White TA, Roberts J, Martin E, Verhagen L, Stagg CJ, Hall S, Fouragnan EF. Transcranial focused ultrasound-mediated neurochemical and functional connectivity changes in deep cortical regions in humans. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5318. [PMID: 37658076 PMCID: PMC10474159 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40998-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is an emerging non-invasive technique for focally modulating human brain function. The mechanisms and neurochemical substrates underlying TUS neuromodulation in humans and how these relate to excitation and inhibition are still poorly understood. In 24 healthy controls, we separately stimulated two deep cortical regions and investigated the effects of theta-burst TUS, a protocol shown to increase corticospinal excitability, on the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and functional connectivity. We show that theta-burst TUS in humans selectively reduces GABA levels in the posterior cingulate, but not the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. Functional connectivity increased following TUS in both regions. Our findings suggest that TUS changes overall excitability by reducing GABAergic inhibition and that changes in TUS-mediated neuroplasticity last at least 50 mins after stimulation. The difference in TUS effects on the posterior and anterior cingulate could suggest state- or location-dependency of the TUS effect-both mechanisms increasingly recognized to influence the brain's response to neuromodulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siti N Yaakub
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
- Brain Research and Imaging Centre, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Tristan A White
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
- Brain Research and Imaging Centre, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Jamie Roberts
- Department of Clinical Measurement and Innovation, University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK
| | - Eleanor Martin
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lennart Verhagen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Charlotte J Stagg
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen Hall
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
- Brain Research and Imaging Centre, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Elsa F Fouragnan
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
- Brain Research and Imaging Centre, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Qian R, Cao Z, Li B, Bu J, Zhang S. A voltage-controlled current source for temporal interference stimulation: Analysis, design, and study. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:084708. [PMID: 38065185 DOI: 10.1063/5.0154684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The temporal interference stimulation is a new technique to modulate brain activity by applying multiple channels of voltage-controlled current source (VCCS) simultaneously to the receptor surface. In this paper, the envelopes of the overlapped current waves at several areas of the receptor were analyzed and discussed with different circuit structures of VCCS. A complementary differential current source (CDCS) was designed to fit the best circuit topology based on the analysis of the enhanced Howland current source structure. Experiments were conducted by injecting current to a swine tissue using the CDCS and conventional VCCS and acquiring the voltage waveform data from different parts of the tissue. The waveforms were compared and analyzed, revealing that the conventional VCCS may generate an interference envelope in unexpected regions, while the CDCS did not. The CDCS design approach in this paper provides a new solution for temporal interference stimulation VCCS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, AnHui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhenqian Cao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, AnHui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, AnHui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Junjie Bu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, AnHui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shengzhao Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, AnHui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Schutter DJ, Smits F, Klaus J. Mind matters: A narrative review on affective state-dependency in non-invasive brain stimulation. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2023; 23:100378. [PMID: 36866122 PMCID: PMC9971283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Variability in findings related to non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) have increasingly been described as a result of differences in neurophysiological state. Additionally, there is some evidence suggesting that individual differences in psychological states may correlate with the magnitude and directionality of effects of NIBS on the neural and behavioural level. In this narrative review, it is proposed that the assessment of baseline affective states can quantify non-reductive properties which are not readily accessible to neuroscientific methods. Particularly, affective-related states are theorized to correlate with physiological, behavioural and phenomenological effects of NIBS. While further systematic research is needed, baseline psychological states are suggested to provide a complementary cost-effective source of information for understanding variability in NIBS outcomes. Implementing measures of psychological state may potentially contribute to increasing the sensitivity and specificity of results in experimental and clinical NIBS studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis J.L.G. Schutter
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fenne Smits
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Brain Research & Innovation Centre, Ministry of Defence, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jana Klaus
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Afraz A. Behavioral optogenetics in nonhuman primates; a psychological perspective. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 5:100101. [PMID: 38020813 PMCID: PMC10663131 DOI: 10.1016/j.crneur.2023.100101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Optogenetics has been a promising and developing technology in systems neuroscience throughout the past decade. It has been difficult though to reliably establish the potential behavioral effects of optogenetic perturbation of the neural activity in nonhuman primates. This poses a challenge on the future of optogenetics in humans as the concepts and technology need to be developed in nonhuman primates first. Here, I briefly summarize the viable approaches taken to improve nonhuman primate behavioral optogenetics, then focus on one approach: improvements in the measurement of behavior. I bring examples from visual behavior and show how the choice of method of measurement might conceal large behavioral effects. I will then discuss the "cortical perturbation detection" task in detail as an example of a sensitive task that can record the behavioral effects of optogenetic cortical stimulation with high fidelity. Finally, encouraged by the rich scientific landscape ahead of behavioral optogenetics, I invite technology developers to improve the chronically implantable devices designed for simultaneous neural recording and optogenetic intervention in nonhuman primates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Afraz
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hirosawa T, Soma D, Miyagishi Y, Furutani N, Yoshimura Y, Kameya M, Yamaguchi Y, Yaoi K, Sano M, Kitamura K, Takahashi T, Kikuchi M. Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on the functionality of 40 Hz auditory steady state response brain network: graph theory approach. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1156617. [PMID: 37363170 PMCID: PMC10288104 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1156617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Measuring whole-brain networks of the 40 Hz auditory steady state response (ASSR) is a promising approach to describe the after-effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tDCS on the brain network of 40 Hz ASSR in healthy adult males using graph theory. The second objective was to identify a population in which tDCS effectively modulates the brain network of 40 Hz ASSR. Methods This study used a randomized, sham-controlled, double-blinded crossover approach. Twenty-five adult males (20-24 years old) completed two sessions at least 1 month apart. The participants underwent cathodal or sham tDCS of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, after which 40 Hz ASSR was measured using magnetoencephalography. After the signal sources were mapped onto the Desikan-Killiany brain atlas, the statistical relationships between localized activities were evaluated in terms of the debiased weighted phase lag index (dbWPLI). Weighted and undirected graphs were constructed for the tDCS and sham conditions based on the dbWPLI. Weighted characteristic path lengths and clustering coefficients were then measured and compared between the tDCS and sham conditions using mixed linear models. Results The characteristic path length was significantly lower post-tDCS simulation (p = 0.04) than after sham stimulation. This indicates that after tDCS simulation, the whole-brain networks of 40 Hz ASSR show a significant functional integration. Simple linear regression showed a higher characteristic path length at baseline, which was associated with a larger reduction in characteristic path length after tDCS. Hence, a pronounced effect of tDCS is expected for those who have a less functionally integrated network of 40 Hz ASSR. Discussion Given that the healthy brain is functionally integrated, we conclude that tDCS could effectively normalize less functionally integrated brain networks rather than enhance functional integration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsu Hirosawa
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Daiki Soma
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Miyagishi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Furutani
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshimura
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Faculty of Education, Institute of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kameya
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yohei Yamaguchi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ken Yaoi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masuhiko Sano
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Koji Kitamura
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kikuchi
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yeh CH, Zhang C, Shi W, Lo MT, Tinkhauser G, Oswal A. Cross-Frequency Coupling and Intelligent Neuromodulation. CYBORG AND BIONIC SYSTEMS 2023; 4:0034. [PMID: 37266026 PMCID: PMC10231647 DOI: 10.34133/cbsystems.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cross-frequency coupling (CFC) reflects (nonlinear) interactions between signals of different frequencies. Evidence from both patient and healthy participant studies suggests that CFC plays an essential role in neuronal computation, interregional interaction, and disease pathophysiology. The present review discusses methodological advances and challenges in the computation of CFC with particular emphasis on potential solutions to spurious coupling, inferring intrinsic rhythms in a targeted frequency band, and causal interferences. We specifically focus on the literature exploring CFC in the context of cognition/memory tasks, sleep, and neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, and Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, we highlight the implication of CFC in the context and for the optimization of invasive and noninvasive neuromodulation and rehabilitation. Mainly, CFC could support advancing the understanding of the neurophysiology of cognition and motor control, serve as a biomarker for disease symptoms, and leverage the optimization of therapeutic interventions, e.g., closed-loop brain stimulation. Despite the evident advantages of CFC as an investigative and translational tool in neuroscience, further methodological improvements are required to facilitate practical and correct use in cyborg and bionic systems in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hung Yeh
- School of Information and Electronics,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chuting Zhang
- School of Information and Electronics,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Shi
- School of Information and Electronics,
Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Men-Tzung Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering,
National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Gerd Tinkhauser
- Department of Neurology,
Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ashwini Oswal
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit,
University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang S, Qin Y, Wang J, Yu Y, Wu L, Zhang T. Noninvasive Electrical Stimulation Neuromodulation and Digital Brain Technology: A Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1513. [PMID: 37371609 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We review the research progress on noninvasive neural regulatory systems through system design and theoretical guidance. We provide an overview of the development history of noninvasive neuromodulation technology, focusing on system design. We also discuss typical cases of neuromodulation that use modern noninvasive electrical stimulation and the main limitations associated with this technology. In addition, we propose a closed-loop system design solution of the "time domain", "space domain", and "multi-electrode combination". For theoretical guidance, this paper provides an overview of the "digital brain" development process used for noninvasive electrical-stimulation-targeted modeling and the development of "digital human" programs in various countries. We also summarize the core problems of the existing "digital brain" used for noninvasive electrical-stimulation-targeted modeling according to the existing achievements and propose segmenting the tissue. For this, the tissue parameters of a multimodal image obtained from a fresh cadaver were considered as an index. The digital projection of the multimodal image of the brain of a living individual was implemented, following which the segmented tissues could be reconstructed to obtain a "digital twin brain" model with personalized tissue structure differences. The "closed-loop system" and "personalized digital twin brain" not only enable the noninvasive electrical stimulation of neuromodulation to achieve the visualization of the results and adaptive regulation of the stimulation parameters but also enable the system to have individual differences and more accurate stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- The School of Artificial Intelligence, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641000, China
- The School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610056, China
- The NJNU-OMNISKY Smart Medical Engineering Applications Joint Laboratory, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641004, China
- The High Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Laboratory of Sichuan, Chengdu 610056, China
| | - Yuping Qin
- The School of Artificial Intelligence, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641000, China
- The NJNU-OMNISKY Smart Medical Engineering Applications Joint Laboratory, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641004, China
| | - Jiujiang Wang
- The School of Artificial Intelligence, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641000, China
- The NJNU-OMNISKY Smart Medical Engineering Applications Joint Laboratory, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641004, China
| | - Yuanyu Yu
- The School of Artificial Intelligence, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641000, China
- The NJNU-OMNISKY Smart Medical Engineering Applications Joint Laboratory, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641004, China
| | - Lin Wu
- The School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610056, China
- The High Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Laboratory of Sichuan, Chengdu 610056, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- The School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610056, China
- The High Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Laboratory of Sichuan, Chengdu 610056, China
- The Sichuan Institute for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Chengdu 610056, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ding Z, Guan L, He W, Gu H, Wang Y, Li X. Spatial characteristics of closed-loop TMS-EEG with occipital alpha-phase synchronized. Biomed Signal Process Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2023.104650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
35
|
He Y, Liu S, Chen L, Ke Y, Ming D. Neurophysiological mechanisms of transcranial alternating current stimulation. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1091925. [PMID: 37090788 PMCID: PMC10117687 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1091925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal oscillations are the primary basis for precise temporal coordination of neuronal processing and are linked to different brain functions. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) has demonstrated promising potential in improving cognition by entraining neural oscillations. Despite positive findings in recent decades, the results obtained are sometimes rife with variance and replicability problems, and the findings translation to humans is quite challenging. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms underlying tACS is necessitated for accurate interpretation of experimental results. Animal models are useful for understanding tACS mechanisms, optimizing parameter administration, and improving rational design for broad horizons of tACS. Here, we review recent electrophysiological advances in tACS from animal models, as well as discuss some critical issues for results coordination and translation. We hope to provide an overview of neurophysiological mechanisms and recommendations for future consideration to improve its validity, specificity, and reproducibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen He
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Long Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yufeng Ke
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin International Joint Research Center for Neural Engineering, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gozzi A, Zerbi V. Modeling Brain Dysconnectivity in Rodents. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 93:419-429. [PMID: 36517282 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Altered or atypical functional connectivity as measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a hallmark feature of brain connectopathy in psychiatric, developmental, and neurological disorders. However, the biological underpinnings and etiopathological significance of this phenomenon remain unclear. The recent development of MRI-based techniques for mapping brain function in rodents provides a powerful platform to uncover the determinants of functional (dys)connectivity, whether they are genetic mutations, environmental risk factors, or specific cellular and circuit dysfunctions. Here, we summarize the recent contribution of rodent fMRI toward a deeper understanding of network dysconnectivity in developmental and psychiatric disorders. We highlight substantial correspondences in the spatiotemporal organization of rodent and human fMRI networks, supporting the translational relevance of this approach. We then show how this research platform might help us comprehend the importance of connectional heterogeneity in complex brain disorders and causally relate multiscale pathogenic contributors to functional dysconnectivity patterns. Finally, we explore how perturbational techniques can be used to dissect the fundamental aspects of fMRI coupling and reveal the causal contribution of neuromodulatory systems to macroscale network activity, as well as its altered dynamics in brain diseases. These examples outline how rodent functional imaging is poised to advance our understanding of the bases and determinants of human functional dysconnectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gozzi
- Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Rovereto, Italy.
| | - Valerio Zerbi
- Neuro-X Institute, School of Engineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Hanning NM, Fernández A, Carrasco M. Dissociable roles of human frontal eye fields and early visual cortex in presaccadic attention - evidence from TMS. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.23.529691. [PMID: 36865228 PMCID: PMC9980111 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.23.529691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Shortly before each saccadic eye movement, presaccadic attention improves visual sensitivity at the saccade target 1-5 at the expense of lowered sensitivity at non-target locations 6-11 . Some behavioral and neural correlates of presaccadic attention and covert attention -which likewise enhances sensitivity, but during fixation 12 -are similar 13 . This resemblance has led to the debatable 13-18 notion that presaccadic and covert attention are functionally equivalent and rely on the same neural circuitry 19-21 . At a broad scale, oculomotor brain structures (e.g., FEF) are also modulated during covert attention 22-24 - yet by distinct neuronal subpopulations 25-28 . Perceptual benefits of presaccadic attention rely on feedback from oculomotor structures to visual cortices 29,30 ( Fig. 1a ); micro-stimulation of FEF in non-human primates affects activity in visual cortex 31-34 and enhances visual sensitivity at the movement field of the stimulated neurons 35-37 . Similar feedback projections seem to exist in humans: FEF+ activation precedes occipital activation during saccade preparation 38,39 and FEF TMS modulates activity in visual cortex 40-42 and enhances perceived contrast in the contralateral hemifield 40 . We investigated presaccadic feedback in humans by applying TMS to frontal or visual areas during saccade preparation. By simultaneously measuring perceptual performance, we show the causal and differential roles of these brain regions in contralateral presaccadic benefits at the saccade target and costs at non-targets: Whereas rFEF+ stimulation reduced presaccadic costs throughout saccade preparation, V1/V2 stimulation reduced benefits only shortly before saccade onset. These effects provide causal evidence that presaccadic attention modulates perception through cortico-cortical feedback and further dissociate presaccadic and covert attention.
Collapse
|
38
|
Krause MR, Vieira PG, Pack CC. Transcranial electrical stimulation: How can a simple conductor orchestrate complex brain activity? PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3001973. [PMID: 36716309 PMCID: PMC9886255 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is one of the oldest and yet least understood forms of brain stimulation. The idea that a weak electrical stimulus, applied outside the head, can meaningfully affect neural activity is often regarded as mysterious. Here, we argue that the direct effects of tES are not so mysterious: Extensive data from a wide range of model systems shows it has appreciable effects on the activity of individual neurons. Instead, the real mysteries are how tES interacts with the brain's own activity and how these dynamics can be controlled to produce desirable therapeutic effects. These are challenging problems, akin to repairing a complex machine while it is running, but they are not unique to tES or even neuroscience. We suggest that models of coupled oscillators, a common tool for studying interactions in other fields, may provide valuable insights. By combining these tools with our growing, interdisciplinary knowledge of brain dynamics, we are now in a good position to make progress in this area and meet the high demand for effective neuromodulation in neuroscience and psychiatry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Krause
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail: (MRK); (PGV); (CCP)
| | - Pedro G. Vieira
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail: (MRK); (PGV); (CCP)
| | - Christopher C. Pack
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail: (MRK); (PGV); (CCP)
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Weightman M, Lalji N, Lin CHS, Galea JM, Jenkinson N, Miall RC. Short duration event related cerebellar TDCS enhances visuomotor adaptation. Brain Stimul 2023; 16:431-441. [PMID: 36720304 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.01.1673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) is typically applied before or during a task, for periods ranging from 5 to 30 min. HYPOTHESIS We hypothesise that briefer stimulation epochs synchronous with individual task actions may be more effective. METHODS In two separate experiments, we applied brief bursts of event-related anodal stimulation (erTDCS) to the cerebellum during a visuomotor adaptation task. RESULTS The first study demonstrated that 1 s duration erTDCS time-locked to the participants' reaching actions enhanced adaptation significantly better than sham. A close replication in the second study demonstrated 0.5 s erTDCS synchronous with the reaching actions again resulted in better adaptation than standard TDCS, significantly better than sham. Stimulation either during the inter-trial intervals between movements or after movement, during assessment of visual feedback, had no significant effect. Because short duration stimulation with rapid onset and offset is more readily perceived by the participants, we additionally show that a non-electrical vibrotactile stimulation of the scalp, presented with the same timing as the erTDCS, had no significant effect. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that short duration, event related, anodal TDCS targeting the cerebellum enhances motor adaptation compared to the standard model. We discuss possible mechanisms of action and speculate on neural learning processes that may be involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Weightman
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK; School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Neeraj Lalji
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Chin-Hsuan Sophie Lin
- Cognitive Neuroscience and Computational Psychiatry Lab, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Ned Jenkinson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lorenzon N, Musoles-Lleó J, Turrisi F, Gomis-González M, De La Torre R, Dierssen M. State-of-the-art therapy for Down syndrome. Dev Med Child Neurol 2023. [PMID: 36692980 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, an important effort was made in the field of Down syndrome to find new interventions that improve cognition. These therapies have added to the traditional symptomatic treatments and to the drugs for treating Alzheimer disease in the general population repurposed for Down syndrome. Defining next-generation therapeutics will involve biomarker-based therapeutic decision-making, and preventive and multimodal interventions. However, translation of specific findings into effective therapeutic strategies has been disappointingly slow and has failed in many cases at the clinical level, leading to reduced credibility of mouse studies. This is aggravated by a tendency to favour large-magnitude effects and highly significant findings, leading to high expectations but also to a biased view of the complex pathophysiology of Down syndrome. Here, we review some of the most recent and promising strategies for ameliorating the cognitive state of individuals with Down syndrome. We studied the landscape of preclinical and clinical studies and conducted a thorough literature search on PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov for articles published between June 2012 and August 2022 on therapies for ameliorating cognitive function in individuals with Down syndrome. We critically assess current therapeutic approaches, why therapies fail in clinical trials in Down syndrome, and what could be the path forward. We discuss some intrinsic difficulties for translational research, and the need for a framework that improves the detection of drug efficacy to avoid discarding compounds too early from the companies' pipelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Lorenzon
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juanluis Musoles-Lleó
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federica Turrisi
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Gomis-González
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael De La Torre
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences Research Group, Neurosciences Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mara Dierssen
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Gebodh N, Miskovic V, Laszlo S, Datta A, Bikson M. A Scalable Framework for Closed-Loop Neuromodulation with Deep Learning. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.18.524615. [PMID: 36712027 PMCID: PMC9882307 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.18.524615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Closed-loop neuromodulation measures dynamic neural or physiological activity to optimize interventions for clinical and nonclinical behavioral, cognitive, wellness, attentional, or general task performance enhancement. Conventional closed-loop stimulation approaches can contain biased biomarker detection (decoders and error-based triggering) and stimulation-type application. We present and verify a novel deep learning framework for designing and deploying flexible, data-driven, automated closed-loop neuromodulation that is scalable using diverse datasets, agnostic to stimulation technology (supporting multi-modal stimulation: tACS, tDCS, tFUS, TMS), and without the need for personalized ground-truth performance data. Our approach is based on identified periods of responsiveness - detected states that result in a change in performance when stimulation is applied compared to no stimulation. To demonstrate our framework, we acquire, analyze, and apply a data-driven approach to our open sourced GX dataset, which includes concurrent physiological (ECG, EOG) and neuronal (EEG) measures, paired with continuous vigilance/attention-fatigue tracking, and High-Definition transcranial electrical stimulation (HD-tES). Our framework's decision process for intervention application identified 88.26% of trials as correct applications, showed potential improvement with varying stimulation types, or missed opportunities to stimulate, whereas 11.25% of trials were predicted to stimulate at inopportune times. With emerging datasets and stimulation technologies, our unifying and integrative framework; leveraging deep learning (Convolutional Neural Networks - CNNs); demonstrates the adaptability and feasibility of automated multimodal neuromodulation for both clinical and nonclinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Gebodh
- The Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, The City University of New York, New York USA
| | | | | | | | - Marom Bikson
- The Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, The City University of New York, New York USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Norup M, Bjørndal JR, Nielsen AL, Wiegel P, Lundbye-Jensen J. Dynamic motor practice improves movement accuracy, force control and leads to increased corticospinal excitability compared to isometric motor practice. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 16:1019729. [PMID: 36684837 PMCID: PMC9849878 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1019729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system has a remarkable ability to plan motor actions, to predict and monitor the sensory consequences during and following motor actions and integrate these into future actions. Numerous studies investigating human motor learning have employed tasks involving either force control during isometric contractions or position control during dynamic tasks. To our knowledge, it remains to be elucidated how motor practice with an emphasis on position control influences force control and vice versa. Furthermore, it remains unexplored whether these distinct types of motor practice are accompanied by differential effects on corticospinal excitability. In this study, we tested motor accuracy and effects of motor practice in a force or position control task allowing wrist flexions of the non-dominant hand in the absence of online visual feedback. For each trial, motor performance was quantified as errors (pixels) between the displayed target and the movement endpoint. In the main experiment, 46 young adults were randomized into three groups: position control motor practice (PC), force control motor practice (FC), and a resting control group (CON). Following assessment of baseline motor performance in the position and force control tasks, intervention groups performed motor practice with, augmented visual feedback on performance. Motor performance in both tasks was assessed following motor practice. In a supplementary experiment, measures of corticospinal excitability were obtained in twenty additional participants by application of transcranial magnetic stimulation to the primary motor cortex hot spot of the flexor carpi radialis muscle before and following either position or force control motor practice. Following motor practice, accuracy in the position task improved significantly more for PC compared to FC and CON. For the force control task, both the PC and FC group improved more compared to CON. The two types of motor practice thus led to distinct effects including positive between-task transfer accompanying dynamic motor practice The results of the supplementary study demonstrated an increase in corticospinal excitability following dynamic motor practice compared to isometric motor practice. In conclusion, dynamic motor practice improves movement accuracy, and force control and leads to increased corticospinal excitability compared to isometric motor practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malene Norup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise & Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Midwifery, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy and Psychomotor Therapy, Faculty of Health, University College Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,*Correspondence: Malene Norup,
| | - Jonas Rud Bjørndal
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise & Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - August Lomholt Nielsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise & Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patrick Wiegel
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise & Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Lundbye-Jensen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise & Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Shani-Narkiss H, Beniaguev D, Segev I, Mizrahi A. Stability and flexibility of odor representations in the mouse olfactory bulb. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1157259. [PMID: 37151358 PMCID: PMC10157098 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1157259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic changes in sensory representations have been basic tenants of studies in neural coding and plasticity. In olfaction, relatively little is known about the dynamic range of changes in odor representations under different brain states and over time. Here, we used time-lapse in vivo two-photon calcium imaging to describe changes in odor representation by mitral cells, the output neurons of the mouse olfactory bulb. Using anesthetics as a gross manipulation to switch between different brain states (wakefulness and under anesthesia), we found that odor representations by mitral cells undergo significant re-shaping across states but not over time within state. Odor representations were well balanced across the population in the awake state yet highly diverse under anesthesia. To evaluate differences in odor representation across states, we used linear classifiers to decode odor identity in one state based on training data from the other state. Decoding across states resulted in nearly chance-level accuracy. In contrast, repeating the same procedure for data recorded within the same state but in different time points, showed that time had a rather minor impact on odor representations. Relative to the differences across states, odor representations remained stable over months. Thus, single mitral cells can change dynamically across states but maintain robust representations across months. These findings have implications for sensory coding and plasticity in the mammalian brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haran Shani-Narkiss
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Beniaguev
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Idan Segev
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Neurobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Adi Mizrahi
- The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Neurobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- *Correspondence: Adi Mizrahi,
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Masina F, Montemurro S, Marino M, Manzo N, Pellegrino G, Arcara G. State-dependent tDCS modulation of the somatomotor network: A MEG study. Clin Neurophysiol 2022; 142:133-142. [PMID: 36037749 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2022.07.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive technique widely used to investigate brain excitability and activity. However, the variability in both brain and behavioral responses to tDCS limits its application for clinical purposes. This study aims to shed light on state-dependency, a phenomenon that contributes to the variability of tDCS. METHODS To this aim, we investigated changes in spectral activity and functional connectivity in somatomotor regions after Real and Sham tDCS using generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs), which allowed us to investigate how modulation depends on the initial state of the brain. RESULTS Results showed that changes in spectral activity, but not connectivity, in the somatomotor regions depend on the initial state of the brain, confirming state-dependent effects. Specifically, we found a non-linear interaction between stimulation conditions (Real vs Sham) and initial state: a reduction of alpha and beta power was observed only in participants that had higher alpha and beta power before Real tDCS. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of considering state-dependency to tDCS and shows how it can be taken into account with appropriate statistical models. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings bear insight into tDCS mechanisms, potentially leading to discriminate between tDCS responders and non-responders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marco Marino
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy; Department of Movement Sciences, Research Center for Motor Control and Neuroplasticity, KU Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Nicoletta Manzo
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy; Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Boyer M, Baudin P, Stengel C, Valero-Cabré A, Lohof AM, Charpier S, Sherrard RM, Mahon S. In vivo low-intensity magnetic pulses durably alter neocortical neuron excitability and spontaneous activity. J Physiol 2022; 600:4019-4037. [PMID: 35899578 DOI: 10.1113/jp283244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising technique to alleviate neurological and psychiatric disorders caused by alterations in cortical activity. Our knowledge of the cellular mechanisms underlying rTMS-based therapies remains limited. We combined in vivo focal application of low-intensity rTMS (LI-rTMS) to the rat somatosensory cortex with intracellular recordings of subjacent pyramidal neurons to characterize the effects of weak magnetic fields at single cell level. Ten minutes of LI-rTMS delivered at 10 Hz reliably evoked action potentials in cortical neurons during the stimulation period, and induced durable attenuation of their intrinsic excitability, synaptic activity, and spontaneous firing. These results help us better understand the mechanisms of weak magnetic stimulation and should allow optimizing the effectiveness of stimulation protocols for clinical use. ABSTRACT Magnetic brain stimulation is a promising treatment for neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, a better understanding of its effects at the individual neuron level is essential to improve its clinical application. We combined focal low-intensity repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LI-rTMS) to the rat somatosensory cortex with intracellular recordings of subjacent pyramidal neurons in vivo. Continuous 10 Hz LI-rTMS reliably evoked firing at ∼4-5 Hz during the stimulation period and induced durable attenuation of synaptic activity and spontaneous firing in cortical neurons, through membrane hyperpolarization and a reduced intrinsic excitability. However, inducing firing in individual neurons by repeated intracellular current injection did not reproduce LI-rTMS effects on neuronal properties. These data provide novel understanding of mechanisms underlying magnetic brain stimulation showing that, in addition to inducing biochemical plasticity, even weak magnetic fields can activate neurons and enduringly modulate their excitability. Abstract figure legend We examined by means of in vivo intracellular recordings in the rodent the effects of low-intensity (10 mT) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LI-rTMS) on the functional properties of primary somatosensory cortex pyramidal neurons. After a baseline period, during which cortical spontaneous activity and excitability were measured (Pre), LI-rTMS was applied at 10 Hz for 10 minutes. Despite their low intensity, magnetic pulses reliably evoked action potentials in cortical neurons. Ten minutes of LI-rTMS induced a progressive and long-lasting hyperpolarization of the neuronal membrane and a marked decrease in cell firing rate (Post). This was associated with an altered intrinsic neuronal excitability, characterized by reduced membrane input resistance and increased minimal current required to induce neuronal firing. A portion of this figure was created with biorender.com. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manon Boyer
- IBPS-B2A, UMR 8256 Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université & CNRS, Paris, 75005, France.,Paris Brain Institute-ICM, INSERM, CNRS, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, team 'Network Dynamics and cellular excitability', Sorbonne Université, Paris, France, 75013
| | - Paul Baudin
- Paris Brain Institute-ICM, INSERM, CNRS, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, team 'Network Dynamics and cellular excitability', Sorbonne Université, Paris, France, 75013
| | - Chloé Stengel
- Paris Brain Institute-ICM, INSERM, CNRS, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, team Cerebral Dynamics, Plasticity and Rehabilitation Group, FRONTLAB team, Sorbonne Université, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Antoni Valero-Cabré
- Paris Brain Institute-ICM, INSERM, CNRS, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, team Cerebral Dynamics, Plasticity and Rehabilitation Group, FRONTLAB team, Sorbonne Université, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Ann M Lohof
- IBPS-B2A, UMR 8256 Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université & CNRS, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Stéphane Charpier
- Paris Brain Institute-ICM, INSERM, CNRS, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, team 'Network Dynamics and cellular excitability', Sorbonne Université, Paris, France, 75013
| | - Rachel M Sherrard
- IBPS-B2A, UMR 8256 Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Sorbonne Université & CNRS, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Séverine Mahon
- Paris Brain Institute-ICM, INSERM, CNRS, APHP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, team 'Network Dynamics and cellular excitability', Sorbonne Université, Paris, France, 75013
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lin Y, Liu J, Shi W. Interactive relationship between neuronal circuitry and glioma: A narrative review. GLIOMA 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/glioma.glioma_15_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|