1
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Puri B, Majumder S, Gaikwad AB. Significance of LncRNAs in AKI-to-CKD transition: A therapeutic and diagnostic viewpoint. Life Sci 2024; 342:122509. [PMID: 38387702 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease (AKI-to-CKD) transition is a complex intermingling of characteristics of both AKI and CKD. Pathophysiologically, the transition lasts seven days after the AKI episode and thereafter silently progresses towards CKD. Growing reports confirm that the AKI-to-CKD transition is heavily regulated by epigenetic modifiers. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) share a diverse role in gene regulation at transcriptional and translational levels and have been reported to be involved in the regulation and progression of AKI-to-CKD transition. Several lncRNAs have been considered potential biomarkers for diagnosing kidney disease, including AKI and CKD. Targeting lncRNAs gives a promising therapeutic strategy against kidney diseases. The primitive role of lncRNA in the progression of the AKI-to-CKD transition is yet to be fully understood. As known, the lncRNAs could be used as a biomarker and a therapeutic target to halt the CKD development and progression after AKI. This review aims to deepen our understanding of the current knowledge regarding the involvement of lncRNAs in the AKI-to-CKD transition. This review primarily discusses the role of lncRNAs and the change in their mechanisms during different stages of kidney disease, such as in AKI, AKI-to-CKD transition, and CKD. Further, we have discussed the potential diagnostic and pharmacological outcomes of targeting lncRNAs to prevent or slow the progression of AKI-to-CKD transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupendra Puri
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Syamantak Majumder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India.
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2
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Sabet Sarvestani F, Afshari A, Azarpira N. The role of non-protein-coding RNAs in ischemic acute kidney injury. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1230742. [PMID: 38390339 PMCID: PMC10881863 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1230742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a condition characterized by a rapid decline in kidney function within a span of 48 hours. It is influenced by various factors including inflammation, oxidative stress, excessive calcium levels within cells, activation of the renin-angiotensin system, and dysfunction in microcirculation. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is recognized as a major cause of AKI; however, the precise mechanisms behind this process are not yet fully understood and effective treatments are still needed. To enhance the accuracy of diagnosing AKI during its early stages, the utilization of innovative markers is crucial. Numerous studies suggest that certain noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play a central role in regulating gene expression and protein synthesis. These ncRNAs are closely associated with the development and recovery of AKI and have been detected in both kidney tissue and bodily fluids. Furthermore, specific ncRNAs may serve as diagnostic markers and potential targets for therapeutic interventions in AKI. This review aims to summarize the functional roles and changes observed in noncoding RNAs during ischemic AKI, as well as explore their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Afsoon Afshari
- Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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3
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Jasim SA, Aziz DZ, Mustafa YF, Margiana R, Al-Alwany AA, Hjazi A, Alawadi A, Yumashev A, Alsalamy A, Fenjan MN. Role of genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cell exosomes and LncRNAs in respiratory diseases treatment. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155135. [PMID: 38295461 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The term acute respiratory disease encompasses a wide range of acute lung diseases, which in recent years have been ranked among the top three deadly diseases in the world. Since conventional treatment methods, including the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, have had no significant effect on the treatment process of these diseases, the attention of the medical community has been drawn to alternative methods. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotential stem/progenitor cells that have extensive immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties and also play a critical role in the microenvironment of injured tissue. MSC secretomes (containing large extracellular vesicles, microvesicles, and exosomes) are a newly introduced option for cell-free therapies that can circumvent the hurdles of cell-based therapies while maintaining the therapeutic role of MSC themselves. The therapeutic capabilities of MSCs have been showed in many acute respiratory diseases, including chronic respiratory disease (CRD), novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID -19), and pneumonia. MSCs offer novel therapeutic approaches for chronic and acute lung diseases due to their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of MSC-derived products in preclinical models of lung diseases and highlight the biologically active compounds present in the MSC secretome and their mechanisms involved in anti-inflammatory activity and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dhifaf Zeki Aziz
- College of Science, Department of pathological Analyses, University of Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq.
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.
| | - Ria Margiana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Master's Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | | | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of technical engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Alexey Yumashev
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia.
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of technical engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq.
| | - Mohammed N Fenjan
- College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq.
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4
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Goleij P, Sanaye PM, Rezaee A, Tabari MAK, Arefnezhad R, Motedayyen H. RNA therapeutics for kidney injury. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2024; 204:69-95. [PMID: 38458744 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
RNA therapy involves utilizing RNA-based molecules to control biological pathways, aiming to cure specific diseases. As our understanding of RNA functions and their roles has expanded, the application of RNA therapies has broadened to target various therapeutic points. This approach holds promise for treating a range of diseases, including kidney diseases. Therapeutic RNA can be employed to target specific genes or pathways implicated in the development of kidney conditions, such as inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress. This review highlights the therapeutic potential of RNA-based therapies across different types of kidney diseases, encompassing infection, inflammation, nephrotoxicity, and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Furthermore, studies have pinpointed the specific kidney cells involved in RNA therapy. To address challenges hindering the potential impact of RNA-based drugs on their targets, nanotechnology is integrated, and RNA-loaded vehicles with ligands are explored for more efficient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Aryan Rezaee
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Khazeei Tabari
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; USERN Office, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reza Arefnezhad
- Coenzyme R Research Institute, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Hossein Motedayyen
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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5
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Huang J, Shen HL, Feng ML, Li Z, An S, Cao GL. Induction of lncRNA MALAT1 by hypoxia promotes bone formation by regulating the miR-22-3p/CEBPD axis. Histol Histopathol 2023; 38:1043-1053. [PMID: 36541404 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Adaptation to hypoxia promotes fracture healing. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. Increasing evidence has indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in several diseases, including fracture healing. In the present study, lncRNA microarray analysis was performed to assess the expression levels of different lncRNAs in MC3T3-E1 cells cultured under hypoxic conditions. A total of 42 lncRNAs exhibited significant differences in their expression, including metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), maternally expressed 3, AK046686, AK033442, small nucleolar RNA host gene 2 and distal-less homeobox 1 splice variant 2. Furthermore, overexpression of MALAT1 promoted osteoblast differentiation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and matrix mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells, whereas its knockdown diminished hypoxia-induced cell differentiation, ALP activity and matrix mineralization in these cells. Moreover, functional analysis indicated that MALAT1 regulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein δ by competitively binding to microRNA-22-3p. Adenoviral-mediated MALAT1 knockdown inhibited fracture healing in a mouse model. Taken together, the results indicated that MALAT1 may serve a role in hypoxia-mediated osteogenesis and bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Liang Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Li Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai An
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Lei Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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6
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Saigusa H, Mimura I, Kurata Y, Tanaka T, Nangaku M. Hypoxia-inducible lncRNA MIR210HG promotes HIF1α expression by inhibiting miR-93-5p in renal tubular cells. FEBS J 2023; 290:4040-4056. [PMID: 37029581 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hypoxia in the renal tubular interstitium has been reported to contribute to the progression of chronic kidney disease. Recently, long-noncoding RNAs have been shown to be involved in various pathological conditions, including hypoxia, one of which is the MIR210 host gene (MIR210HG). To elucidate the function of MIR210HG in renal hypoxia, we exposed primary cultured renal proximal tubular epithelial cells to hypoxia and examined the temporal profile of MIR210HG expression and the role of MIR210HG interaction with hypoxia-inducible factor1α (HIF1α, encoded by HIF1A). MIR210HG expression was induced by hypoxia. HIF1A silencing and cobalt chloride exposure showed that MIR210HG expression in hypoxia is HIF1α-dependent. MIR210HG silencing significantly reduced both the mRNA and protein levels of HIF1α, pointing to positive feedback regulation. To further investigate the details of this regulation, we turned to the in-silico miRNA targets of MIR210HG. We found that miR-93-5p levels increased when MIR210HG was knocked down. We then showed that miR-93-5p reduced the expression of HIF1A mRNA and MIR210HG. Furthermore, a dual luciferase assay confirmed that miR-93-5p binds to MIR210HG and HIF1A 3' UTR, inhibiting their expression. In conclusion, the long-noncoding RNA MIR210HG is induced shortly after hypoxia, and it promotes HIF1α expression by competing for miR-93-5p and inhibiting it. MIR210HG plays a crucial role in the biological response to hypoxia in renal tubular epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanako Saigusa
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Imari Mimura
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Yu Kurata
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Tanaka
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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7
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Rahbar Saadat Y, Hosseiniyan Khatibi SM, Sani A, Zununi Vahed S, Ardalan M. Ischemic tubular injury: Oxygen-sensitive signals and metabolic reprogramming. Inflammopharmacology 2023:10.1007/s10787-023-01232-x. [PMID: 37131045 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The kidneys are the most vulnerable organs to severe ischemic insult that results in cellular hypoxia under pathophysiological conditions. Large amounts of oxygen are consumed by the kidneys, mainly to produce energy for tubular reabsorption. Beyond high oxygen demand and the low oxygen supply, different other factors make kidneys vulnerable to ischemia which is deemed to be a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). On the other hand, kidneys are capable of sensing and responding to oxygen alternations to evade harms resulting from inadequate oxygen. The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is the main conserved oxygen-sensing mechanism that maintains homeostasis under hypoxia through direct/indirect regulation of several genes that contribute to metabolic adaptation, angiogenesis, energy conservation, erythropoiesis, and so on. In response to oxygen availability, prolyl-hydroxylases (PHDs) control the HIF stability. This review focuses on the oxygen-sensing mechanisms in kidneys, particularly in proximal tubular cells (PTCs) and discusses the molecules involved in ischemic response and metabolic reprogramming. Moreover, the possible roles of non-coding RNAs (microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs) in the development of ischemic AKI are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anis Sani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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8
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Giannuzzi F, Maiullari S, Gesualdo L, Sallustio F. The Mission of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Human Adult Renal Stem/Progenitor Cells and Renal Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081115. [PMID: 37190024 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a large, heterogeneous class of transcripts and key regulators of gene expression at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in different cellular contexts and biological processes. Understanding the potential mechanisms of action of lncRNAs and their role in disease onset and development may open up new possibilities for therapeutic approaches in the future. LncRNAs also play an important role in renal pathogenesis. However, little is known about lncRNAs that are expressed in the healthy kidney and that are involved in renal cell homeostasis and development, and even less is known about lncRNAs involved in human adult renal stem/progenitor cells (ARPC) homeostasis. Here we give a thorough overview of the biogenesis, degradation, and functions of lncRNAs and highlight our current understanding of their functional roles in kidney diseases. We also discuss how lncRNAs regulate stem cell biology, focusing finally on their role in human adult renal stem/progenitor cells, in which the lncRNA HOTAIR prevents them from becoming senescent and supports these cells to secrete high quantities of α-Klotho, an anti-aging protein capable of influencing the surrounding tissues and therefore modulating the renal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giannuzzi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Silvia Maiullari
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
- MIRROR-Medical Institute for Regeneration, Repairing and Organ Replacement, Interdepartmental Center, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
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9
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Kowluru RA. Cross Talks between Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Epigenetics in Diabetic Retinopathy. Cells 2023; 12:300. [PMID: 36672234 PMCID: PMC9857338 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy, one of the most devastating complications of diabetes, is a multifactorial progressing disease with a very complex etiology. Although many metabolic, molecular, functional and structural changes have been identified in the retina and its vasculature, the exact molecular mechanism of its pathogenesis still remains elusive. Sustained high-circulating glucose increases oxidative stress in the retina and also activates the inflammatory cascade. Free radicals increase inflammatory mediators, and inflammation can increase production of free radicals, suggesting a positive loop between them. In addition, diabetes also facilitates many epigenetic modifications that can influence transcription of a gene without changing the DNA sequence. Several genes associated with oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy are also influenced by epigenetic modifications. This review discusses cross-talks between oxidative stress, inflammation and epigenetics in diabetic retinopathy. Since epigenetic changes are influenced by external factors such as environment and lifestyle, and they can also be reversed, this opens up possibilities for new strategies to inhibit the development/progression of this sight-threatening disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu A Kowluru
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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10
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LncRNA 148400 Promotes the Apoptosis of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells in Ischemic AKI by Targeting the miR-10b-3p/GRK4 Axis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243986. [PMID: 36552750 PMCID: PMC9776552 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although recent studies have reported that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is involved in the development of ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI), the exact function and regulatory mechanism of lncRNAs in ischemic AKI remain largely unknown. Herein, we found that ischemic injury promoted the expression of lncRNA 148400 in mouse proximal tubule-derived cell line (BUMPT) and C57BL/6J mice. Furthermore, the lncRNA148400 mediates ischemic injury-induced apoptosis of BUMPT cells. Mechanistically, lncRNA 148400 sponged miR-10b-3p to promote apoptosis via GRK4 upregulation. Finally, knockdown of lncRNA 148400 alleviated the I/R-induced deterioration of renal function, renal tubular injury, and cell apoptosis. In addition, cleaved caspase-3 is increased via targeting the miR-10b-3p/GRK4 axis. Collectively, these results showed that lncRNA 148400/miR-10b-3p/GRK4 axis mediated the development of ischemic AKI.
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11
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Amini N, Badavi M, Mard SA, Dianat M, Moghadam MT. The renoprotective effects of gallic acid on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory effects, and downregulation of lncRNA TUG1. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 395:691-701. [PMID: 35303125 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02227-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin, an antineoplastic drug used in cancer therapy, -induced nephrotoxicity mediated by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Gallic acid (GA) is identified as an antioxidant substance with free radical scavenging properties. This research was designed to examine the ameliorative impact of GA caused by cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through apoptosis and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) expression. Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats (200 - 220 g) were randomly allocated to four groups: (1) control group; (2) rats treated with cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg, i.p.) on the fourth day; and the two other groups include rats pretreated with GA (20 and 40 mg/kg by gavage) for s7 days and cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg, i.p.) at the fourth day. The rats were anesthetized and sacrificed for collecting samples, 72 h after cisplatin administration. The blood samples were used to investigate biochemical factors and kidney tissue was evaluated for measuring oxidative stress and inflammatory factors and the gene expression of molecular parameters. The results indicated that GA administration increased the B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) mRNA and lncRNA TUG1 expression, and reduced Bcl-2-associated x protein (Bax), and caspase-3 expression. Likewise, the TAC level increased, and kidney MDA content decreased by administration of GA. GA also decreased the inflammatory factor levels, including IL-1β and TNF-α. Moreover, GA led to the improvement of kidney dysfunction as evidenced by reducing plasma BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and Cr (creatinine). Taken together, GA could protect the kidney against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptosis properties and reduction of lncRNA TUG1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Amini
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- The Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Badavi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- The Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Ali Mard
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- The Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahin Dianat
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- The Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahin Taheri Moghadam
- Department of Anatomical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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12
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Cao Y, Liu J, Lu Q, Huang K, Yang B, Reilly J, Jiang N, Shu X, Shang L. An update on the functional roles of long non‑coding RNAs in ischemic injury (Review). Int J Mol Med 2022; 50:91. [PMID: 35593308 PMCID: PMC9170192 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic injuries result from ischemia and hypoxia in cells. Tissues and organs receive an insufficient supply of nutrients and accumulate metabolic waste, which leads to the development of inflammation, fibrosis and a series of other issues. Ischemic injuries in the brain, heart, kidneys, lungs and other organs can cause severe adverse effects. Acute renal ischemia induces acute renal failure, heart ischemia induces myocardial infarction and cerebral ischemia induces cerebrovascular accidents, leading to loss of movement, consciousness and possibly, life-threatening disabilities. Existing evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regulatory sequences involved in transcription, post-transcription, epigenetic regulation and multiple physiological processes. lncRNAs have been shown to be differentially expressed following ischemic injury, with the severity of the ischemic injury being affected by the upregulation or downregulation of certain types of lncRNA. The present review article provides an extensive summary of the functional roles of lncRNAs in ischemic injury, with a focus on the brain, heart, kidneys and lungs. The present review mainly summarizes the functional roles of lncRNA MALAT1, lncRNA MEG3, lncRNA H19, lncRNA TUG1, lncRNA NEAT1, lncRNA AK139328 and lncRNA CAREL, among which lncRNA MALAT1, in particular, plays a crucial role in ischemic injury and is currently a hot research topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqun Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, P.R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, P.R. China
| | - Quzhe Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, P.R. China
| | - Kai Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, P.R. China
| | - Baolin Yang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - James Reilly
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK
| | - Na Jiang
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Shu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Shang
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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13
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Yang L, Wang B, Ma L, Fu P. An Update of Long-Noncoding RNAs in Acute Kidney Injury. Front Physiol 2022; 13:849403. [PMID: 35350698 PMCID: PMC8957988 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.849403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a global public health concern with high morbidity, mortality, and medical costs. Despite advances in medicine, effective therapeutic regimens for AKI remain limited. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a subtype of non-coding RNAs, which longer than 200 nucleotides and perform extremely diverse functions in biological processes. Recently, lncRNAs have emerged as promising biomarkers and key mediators to AKI. Meanwhile, existing research reveals that the aberrant expression of lncRNAs has been linked to major pathological processes in AKI, including the inflammatory response, cell proliferation, and apoptosis, via forming the lncRNA/microRNA/target gene regulatory axis. Following a comprehensive and systematic search of the available literature, 87 relevant papers spanning the years 2005 to 2021 were identified. This review aims to provide and update an overview of lncRNAs in AKI, and further shed light on their potential utility as AKI biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Yang
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Kidney Research Institute, Division of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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14
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Li D, Niu G, Landén NX. Beyond the Code: Noncoding RNAs in Skin Wound Healing. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2022; 14:a041230. [PMID: 35197246 PMCID: PMC9438779 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been found to regulate gene expression and protein functions, playing important roles in diverse biological processes and diseases. Their crucial functions have been reported in almost every cell type and all stages of skin wound healing. Evidence of their pathogenetic roles in common wound complications, such as chronic nonhealing wounds and excessive scarring, is also accumulating. Given their unique expression and functional properties, ncRNAs are promising therapeutic and diagnostic entities. In this review, we discuss current knowledge about the functional roles of noncoding elements, such as microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs, in skin wound healing, focusing on in vivo evidence from studies of human wound samples and animal wound models. Finally, we provide a perspective on the outlook of ncRNA-based therapeutics in wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Guanglin Niu
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ning Xu Landén
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Stockholm Node, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Kowluru RA. Long Noncoding RNAs and Mitochondrial Homeostasis in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:915031. [PMID: 35733767 PMCID: PMC9207305 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.915031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinopathy is one of the most devastating complications of diabetes, which a patient fears the most. Hyperglycemic environment results in many structural, functional, molecular and biochemical abnormalities in the retina, and overproduction of mitochondrial superoxide, induced by hyperglycemic milieu, is considered to play a central role in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Expression of many genes associated with maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is also altered. Recent research has shown that several long noncoding RNAs, RNAs with more than 200 nucleotides but without any reading frames, are aberrantly expressed in diabetes, and altered expression of these long noncoding RNAs is now being implicated in the development of diabetes and its complications including retinopathy. This review focuses the role of long noncoding RNAs in the development of diabetic retinopathy, with a special emphasis on the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis.
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16
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Liu XM, Zhang Z, Zhong J, Li N, Wang T, Wang L, Zhang Q. Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 modulates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury though the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway by sponging miRNA-133a-3p to target IGF1R expression. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 916:174719. [PMID: 34968461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a complex pathophysiological process that can lead to poor patient outcomes. Although LncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is reported to be highly expressed in myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury, the specific mechanism remains largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the roles and possible mechanism of MALAT1 in myocardial IR injury. IR model was established in rats by ligation of the anterior descending artery in vivo, and H9c2 and HL-1 cells were treated by hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) to construct the model in vitro. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) for MALAT1 and miR-133a-3p mimics, inhibitor was used to transfect the cells. The expression of MALAT1, miR-133a-3p in MIRI were evaluated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR),immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot (WB). Relationships between MALAT1, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) with miR-133a-3p were confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Annexin V-FITC/PI double-labeled flow cytometry, terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), serum creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were evaluated to examine the impact of MALAT1 on MIRI. Our results revealed that MALAT1 was highly expressed, while miR-133a-3p and IGF1R were repressed in IR and HR groups. Knockdown of MALAT1 alleviate the pro-apoptotic effect and myocardial injury in vitro and in vivo. Systematically, MALAT1 may serve as a sponge for miR-133a-3p to suppress IGF1R, which a direct target of miR-133a-3p, then inhibit the PI3K/Akt/eNOS survival pathway. Mechanistically, our study demonstrated that MALAT1 regulates PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling via miR-133a-3p. In summary, these results suggest that MALAT1 and miR-133a-3p play important roles in MIRI. MALAT1 regulates miR-133a-3p /IGF1R axis. These results show light on the underlying mechanisms of MIRI and provide potential therapeutic targets for MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ming Liu
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Zhenzhou Zhang
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jiuchang Zhong
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Ning Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lefeng Wang
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
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17
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Kaucsár T, Róka B, Tod P, Do PT, Hegedűs Z, Szénási G, Hamar P. Divergent regulation of lncRNA expression by ischemia in adult and aging mice. GeroScience 2021; 44:429-445. [PMID: 34697716 PMCID: PMC8811094 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00460-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Elderly patients have increased susceptibility to acute kidney injury (AKI). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) are key regulators of cellular processes, and have been implicated in both aging and AKI. Our aim was to study the effects of aging and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) on the renal expression of lncRNAs. Adult and old (10- and 26-30-month-old) C57BL/6 N mice were subjected to unilateral IRI followed by 7 days of reperfusion. Renal expression of 90 lncRNAs and mRNA expression of injury, regeneration, and fibrosis markers was measured by qPCR in the injured and contralateral control kidneys. Tubular injury, regeneration, and fibrosis were assessed by histology. Urinary lipocalin-2 excretion was increased in old mice prior to IRI, but plasma urea was similar. In the control kidneys of old mice tubular cell necrosis and apoptosis, mRNA expression of kidney injury molecule-1, fibronectin-1, p16, and p21 was elevated. IRI increased plasma urea concentration only in old mice, but injury, regeneration, and fibrosis scores and their mRNA markers were similar in both age groups. AK082072 and Y lncRNAs were upregulated, while H19 and RepA transcript were downregulated in the control kidneys of old mice. IRI upregulated Miat, Igf2as, SNHG5, SNHG6, RNCR3, Malat1, Air, Linc1633, and Neat1 v1, while downregulated Linc1242. LncRNAs H19, AK082072, RepA transcript, and Six3os were influenced by both aging and IRI. Our results indicate that both aging and IRI alter renal lncRNA expression suggesting that lncRNAs have a versatile and complex role in aging and kidney injury. An Ingenuity Pathway Analysis highlighted that the most downregulated H19 may be linked to aging/senescence through p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Kaucsár
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Róka
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pál Tod
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Phuong Thanh Do
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Hegedűs
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gábor Szénási
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
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18
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Zhao S, Chen W, Li W, Yu W, Li S, Rao T, Ruan Y, Zhou X, Liu C, Qi Y, Cheng F. LncRNA TUG1 attenuates ischaemia-reperfusion-induced apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells by sponging miR-144-3p via targeting Nrf2. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9767-9783. [PMID: 34547172 PMCID: PMC8505827 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury may induce kidney damage and dysfunction, in which oxidative stress and apoptosis play important roles. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are reported to be closely related to renal I/R, but the specific molecular mechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this research was to explore the regulatory effect of lncRNA TUG1 on oxidative stress and apoptosis in renal I/R injury. This research revealed that in renal I/R injury and hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R) injury in vitro, the expression level of lncRNA TUG1 was upregulated, and oxidative stress levels and apoptosis levels were negatively correlated with the expression level of lncRNA TUG1. Using bioinformatics databases such as TargetScan and microRNA.org, microRNA-144-3p (miR-144-3p) was predicted to be involved in the association between lncRNA TUG1 and Nrf2. This study confirmed that the level of miR-144-3p was significantly reduced following renal I/R injury and H/R injury in vitro, and miR-144-3p was determined to target Nrf2 and inhibit its expression. In addition, lncRNA TUG1 can reduce the inhibitory effect of miR-144-3p on Nrf2 by sponging miR-144-3p. In summary, our research shows that lncRNA TUG1 regulates oxidative stress and apoptosis during renal I/R injury through the miR-144-3p/Nrf2 axis, which may be a new treatment target for renal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhao
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Wu Chen
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Wei Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Weimin Yu
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ting Rao
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yuan Ruan
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xiangjun Zhou
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yucheng Qi
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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19
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Hu JM, He LJ, Wang PB, Yu Y, Ye YP, Liang L. Antagonist targeting miR‑106b‑5p attenuates acute renal injury by regulating renal function, apoptosis and autophagy via the upregulation of TCF4. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:169. [PMID: 34278441 PMCID: PMC8285052 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute renal injury (ARI) is a life‑threatening condition and a main contributor to end‑stage renal disease, which is mainly caused by ischemia‑reperfusion (I/R). miR‑106b‑5p is a kidney function‑related miRNA; however, whether miR‑106b‑5p regulates the progression of ARI remains unclear. The present study thus aimed to examine the effects of miR‑106b‑5p antagonist on the regulation of ARI progression. It was found that miR‑106b‑5p expression was upregulated in the renal tissue of rats with I/R‑induced ARI and in NRK‑52E rat renal proximal tubular epithelial cells subjected to hypoxia‑reoxygenation (H/R). In vitro, H/R induction suppressed the proliferation, and promoted the apoptosis and autophagy of NRK‑52E cells, whereas miR‑106b‑5p antagonist (inhibition of miR‑106b‑5p) promoted the proliferation, and attenuated the apoptosis and autophagy of NRK‑52E cells under the H/R condition. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay validated that transcription factor 4 (TCF4) was a target of miR‑106b‑5p. It was further found that TCF4 overexpression promoted the proliferation, and inhibited the apoptosis and autophagy of NRK‑52E cells subjected to H/R. Moreover, the effects of miR‑106b‑5p antagonist on NRK‑52E cell proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy were mediated through the regulation of TCF4. In vivo, miR‑106b‑5p antagonist reduced the severity of renal injury, decreased cell proliferation in renal tissues and lowered the serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in the blood samples from rats with I/R‑induced ARI. On the whole, the findings presented herein demonstrate that miR‑106b‑5p antagonist attenuates ARI by promoting the proliferation, and suppressing the apoptosis and autophagy of renal cells via upregulating TCF4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Meng Hu
- Department of Pathology, The Southern Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jie He
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Bo Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Ping Ye
- Department of Pathology, The Southern Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, The Southern Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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20
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Abstract
Epigenetics examines heritable changes in DNA and its associated proteins except mutations in gene sequence. Epigenetic regulation plays fundamental roles in kidney cell biology through the action of DNA methylation, chromatin modification via epigenetic regulators and non-coding RNA species. Kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, diabetic kidney disease and renal fibrosis are multistep processes associated with numerous molecular alterations even in individual kidney cells. Epigenetic alterations, including anomalous DNA methylation, aberrant histone alterations and changes of microRNA expression all contribute to kidney pathogenesis. These changes alter the genome-wide epigenetic signatures and disrupt essential pathways that protect renal cells from uncontrolled growth, apoptosis and development of other renal associated syndromes. Molecular changes impact cellular function within kidney cells and its microenvironment to drive and maintain disease phenotype. In this chapter, we briefly summarize epigenetic mechanisms in four kidney diseases including acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, diabetic kidney disease and renal fibrosis. We primarily focus on current knowledge about the genome-wide profiling of DNA methylation and histone modification, and epigenetic regulation on specific gene(s) in the pathophysiology of these diseases and the translational potential of identifying new biomarkers and treatment for prevention and therapy. Incorporating epigenomic testing into clinical research is essential to elucidate novel epigenetic biomarkers and develop precision medicine using emerging therapies.
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21
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Jing H, Wang C, Zhao L, Cheng J, Qin P, Lin H. Propofol protects cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury via regulating MALAT1/miR-206/ATG3 axis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22880. [PMID: 34383354 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that propofol (PPF) plays a protective role in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in multiple organs and tissues. This study was aimed to explore the mechanism of PPF in ameliorating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). MIRI model was established with Sprague-Dawley rats, and PPF pretreatment was performed before reperfusion. Creatine kinase isoform (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and hematoxylin and eosin stain were used to evaluate the severity of MIRI. H9c2 cells were treated with hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to simulate I/R injury in vitro. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was employed to assess MALAT1 and microRNA (miR)-206 expressions. Autophagy-related 3 (ATG3), LC3BⅡ/LC3BⅠ, and Beclin-1 expression were examined by western blot. Apoptosis was monitored using flow cytometry. Interaction between MALAT1 and miR-206 was determined by bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, RIP assay, and RNA pull-down assay. PPF pretreatment remarkably reduced CK-MB level, LDH level, myocardial infarct size, and LC3BⅡ/LC3BⅠ ratio and Beclin-1 expression in the rats with MIRI, and repressed the apoptosis of H9c2 cells exposed to H/R. PPF pretreatment markedly suppressed MALAT1 expression and enhanced miR-206 expression in both in vivo and in vitro models. MiR-206 was identified as a target of MALAT1 in cardiomyocytes, and MALAT1 could increase the expression of ATG3. Additionally, the upregulation of MALAT1 partially reversed the protective effect of PPF on cardiomyocytes in vitro. PPF modulated MALAT1/miR-206/ATG3 axis to protect cardiomyocytes against I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan Jing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Central China Fuwai Hospital (Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Pengyu Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongqi Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Central China Fuwai Hospital (Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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22
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Xia W, He Y, Gan Y, Zhang B, Dai G, Ru F, Jiang Z, Chen Z, Chen X. Long Non-coding RNA: An Emerging Contributor and Potential Therapeutic Target in Renal Fibrosis. Front Genet 2021; 12:682904. [PMID: 34386039 PMCID: PMC8353329 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.682904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis (RF) is a pathological process that culminates in terminal renal failure in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Fibrosis contributes to progressive and irreversible decline in renal function. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in RF are complex and remain poorly understood. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a major type of non-coding RNAs, which significantly affect various disease processes, cellular homeostasis, and development through multiple mechanisms. Recent investigations have implicated aberrantly expressed lncRNA in RF development and progression, suggesting that lncRNAs play a crucial role in determining the clinical manifestation of RF. In this review, we comprehensively evaluated the recently published articles on lncRNAs in RF, discussed the potential application of lncRNAs as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers, proposed therapeutic targets for treating RF-associated diseases and subsequent CKD transition, and highlight future research directions in the context of the role of lncRNAs in the development and treatment of RF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Xia
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yao He
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Gan
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guoyu Dai
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Ru
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zexiang Jiang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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23
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To outline recent discoveries in epigenetic regulatory mechanisms that have potential implications in the development of renal fibrosis following kidney transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS The characterization of renal fibrosis following kidney transplantation has shown TGFβ/Smad signaling to play a major role in the progression to chronic allograft dysfunction. The onset of unregulated proinflammatory pathways are only exacerbated by the decline in regulatory mechanisms lost with progressive patient age and comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes. However, significant developments in the recognition of epigenetic regulatory markers upstream of aberrant TGFβ-signaling has significant clinical potential to provide therapeutic targets for the treatment of renal fibrosis. In addition, discoveries in extracellular vesicles and the characterization of their cargo has laid new framework for the potential to evaluate patient outcomes independent of invasive biopsies. SUMMARY The current review summarizes the main findings in epigenetic machinery specific to the development of renal fibrosis and highlights therapeutic options that have significant potential to translate into clinical practice.
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24
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Zhou X, Li Y, Wu C, Yu W, Cheng F. Novel lncRNA XLOC_032768 protects against renal tubular epithelial cells apoptosis in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating FNDC3B/TGF-β1. Ren Fail 2021; 42:994-1003. [PMID: 32972270 PMCID: PMC7534267 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2020.1818579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia–reperfusion injury is a leading cause of acute kidney injury, but its underlying mechanism remains poorly understood and effective therapies are still lacking. Here, we identified lncRNA XLOC_032768 as a novel target in renal ischemia–reperfusion injury by analyzing differentially expressed genes of the transcriptome data. PCR results show that XLOC_032768 was markedly downregulated in the kidney during renal ischemia–reperfusion in mice and in cultured kidney cells during hypoxia. Upon induction in vitro, XLOC_032768 overexpression repressed the expression of fibronectin type III domain containing 3B (FNDC3B) and tubular epithelial cells apoptosis. Administration of XLOC_032768 preserved FNDC3B expression and attenuated renal tubular epithelial cells apoptosis, resulting in protection against kidney injury in mice. Knockdown of FNDC3B markedly reduced the expression of TGF-β1 and apoptosis of renal tubular cells. Thus, XLOC_032768/FNDC3B/TGF-β1signaling pathway in ischemia–reperfusion injury may be targeted for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongwei Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Cheng Wu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weimin Yu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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25
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Transcriptomic Hallmarks of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071838. [PMID: 34360008 PMCID: PMC8305649 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is associated with a broad array of life-threatening medical conditions including myocardial infarct, cerebral stroke, and organ transplant. Although the pathobiology and clinical manifestations of IRI are well reviewed by previous publications, IRI-related transcriptomic alterations are less studied. This study aimed to reveal a transcriptomic hallmark for IRI by using the RNA-sequencing data provided by several studies on non-human preclinical experimental models. In this regard, we focused on the transcriptional responses of IRI in an acute time-point up to 48 h. We compiled a list of highly reported genes in the current literature that are affected in the context of IRI. We conducted Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses and found many of the up-regulated genes to be involved in cell survival, cell surface signaling, response to oxidative stress, and inflammatory response, while down-regulated genes were predominantly involved in ion transport. Furthermore, by GO analysis, we found that multiple inflammatory and stress response processes were affected after IRI. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathways were also highlighted in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis. In the last section, we discuss the treatment approaches and their efficacy for IRI by comparing RNA sequencing data from therapeutic interventions with the results of our cross-comparison of differentially expressed genes and pathways across IRI.
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Lu HY, Wang GY, Zhao JW, Jiang HT. Knockdown of lncRNA MALAT1 ameliorates acute kidney injury by mediating the miR-204/APOL1 pathway. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23881. [PMID: 34240756 PMCID: PMC8373329 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) was characterized by loss of renal function, associated with chronic kidney disease, end‐stage renal disease, and length of hospital stay. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participated in AKI development and progression. Here, we aimed to investigate the roles and mechanisms of lncRNA MALAT1 in AKI. Methods AKI serum samples were obtained from 129 AKI patients. ROC analysis was conducted to confirm the diagnostic value of MALAT1 in differentiating AKI from healthy volunteers. After hypoxic treatment on HK‐2 cells, the expressions of inflammatory cytokines, MALAT1, miR‐204, APOL1, p65, and p‐p65, were measured by RT‐qPCR and Western blot assays. The targeted relationship between miR‐204 and MALAT1 or miR‐204 and APOL1 was determined by luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull‐down analysis. After transfection, CCK‐8, flow cytometry, and TUNEL staining assays were performed to evaluate the effects of MALAT1 and miR‐204 on AKI progression. Results From the results, lncRNA MALAT1 was strongly elevated in serum samples from AKI patients, with the high sensitivity and specificity concerning differentiating AKI patients from healthy controls. In vitro, we established the AKI cell model after hypoxic treatment. After experiencing hypoxia, we found significantly increased MALAT1, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α expressions along with decreased miR‐204 level. Moreover, the targeted relationship between MALAT1 and miR‐204 was confirmed. Silencing of MALAT1 could reverse hypoxia‐triggered promotion of HK‐2 cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, the increase of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α after hypoxia treatment could be repressed by MALAT1 knockdown as well. After co‐transfection with MALAT1 silencing and miR‐204 inhibition, we found that miR‐204 could counteract the effects of MALAT1 on HK‐2 cell progression and inflammation after under hypoxic conditions. Finally, NF‐κB signaling was inactivated while APOL1 expression was increased in HK‐2 cells after hypoxia treatment, and lncRNA MALAT1 inhibition reactivated NF‐κB signaling while suppressed APOL1 expression by sponging miR‐204. Conclusions Collectively, these results illustrated that knockdown of lncRNA MALAT1 could ameliorate AKI progression and inflammation by targeting miR‐204 through APOL1/NF‐κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yuan Lu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Guo-Yi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Jin-Wen Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Hai-Tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
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Naipauer J, García Solá ME, Salyakina D, Rosario S, Williams S, Coso O, Abba MC, Mesri EA, Lacunza E. A Non-Coding RNA Network Involved in KSHV Tumorigenesis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:687629. [PMID: 34222014 PMCID: PMC8242244 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.687629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory pathways involving non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), have gained great relevance due to their role in the control of gene expression modulation. Using RNA sequencing of KSHV Bac36 transfected mouse endothelial cells (mECK36) and tumors, we have analyzed the host and viral transcriptome to uncover the role lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA driven networks in KSHV tumorigenesis. The integration of the differentially expressed ncRNAs, with an exhaustive computational analysis of their experimentally supported targets, led us to dissect complex networks integrated by the cancer-related lncRNAs Malat1, Neat1, H19, Meg3, and their associated miRNA-target pairs. These networks would modulate pathways related to KSHV pathogenesis, such as viral carcinogenesis, p53 signaling, RNA surveillance, and cell cycle control. Finally, the ncRNA-mRNA analysis allowed us to develop signatures that can be used to an appropriate identification of druggable gene or networks defining relevant AIDS-KS therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Naipauer
- Tumor Biology Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Miami Center for AIDS Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- UM-CFAR/Sylvester CCC Argentina Consortium for Research and Training in Virally Induced AIDS-Malignancies, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Martín E. García Solá
- UM-CFAR/Sylvester CCC Argentina Consortium for Research and Training in Virally Induced AIDS-Malignancies, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daria Salyakina
- Tumor Biology Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Miami Center for AIDS Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Santas Rosario
- Tumor Biology Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Miami Center for AIDS Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Sion Williams
- UM-CFAR/Sylvester CCC Argentina Consortium for Research and Training in Virally Induced AIDS-Malignancies, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Neurology Basic Science Division, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Omar Coso
- UM-CFAR/Sylvester CCC Argentina Consortium for Research and Training in Virally Induced AIDS-Malignancies, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín C. Abba
- UM-CFAR/Sylvester CCC Argentina Consortium for Research and Training in Virally Induced AIDS-Malignancies, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Enrique A. Mesri
- Tumor Biology Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Miami Center for AIDS Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- UM-CFAR/Sylvester CCC Argentina Consortium for Research and Training in Virally Induced AIDS-Malignancies, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Ezequiel Lacunza
- UM-CFAR/Sylvester CCC Argentina Consortium for Research and Training in Virally Induced AIDS-Malignancies, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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Non-Coding RNAs in Kidney Diseases: The Long and Short of Them. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116077. [PMID: 34199920 PMCID: PMC8200121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in genomic research has highlighted the genome to be much more transcribed than expected. The formerly so-called junk DNA encodes a miscellaneous group of largely unknown RNA transcripts, which contain the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) family. lncRNAs are instrumental in gene regulation. Moreover, understanding their biological roles in the physiopathology of many diseases, including renal, is a new challenge. lncRNAs regulate the effects of microRNAs (miRNA) on mRNA expression. Understanding the complex crosstalk between lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA is one of the main challenges of modern molecular biology. This review aims to summarize the role of lncRNA on kidney diseases, the molecular mechanisms involved, and their function as emerging prognostic biomarkers for both acute and chronic kidney diseases. Finally, we will also outline new therapeutic opportunities to diminish renal injury by targeting lncRNA with antisense oligonucleotides.
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Gu YY, Dou JY, Huang XR, Liu XS, Lan HY. Transforming Growth Factor-β and Long Non-coding RNA in Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:684236. [PMID: 34054586 PMCID: PMC8155637 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.684236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is one of the most characterized pathological features in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Progressive fibrosis eventually leads to renal failure, leaving dialysis or allograft transplantation the only clinical option for CKD patients. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is the key mediator in renal fibrosis and is an essential regulator for renal inflammation. Therefore, the general blockade of the pro-fibrotic TGF-β may reduce fibrosis but may risk promoting renal inflammation and other side effects due to the diverse role of TGF-β in kidney diseases. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA transcripts with more than 200 nucleotides and have been regarded as promising therapeutic targets for many diseases. This review focuses on the importance of TGF-β and lncRNAs in renal inflammation, fibrogenesis, and the potential applications of TGF-β and lncRNAs as the therapeutic targets and biomarkers in renal fibrosis and CKD are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Yu Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing-Yun Dou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Weihai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weihai, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Huang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunity and Genetics of Chronic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Sheng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunity and Genetics of Chronic Kidney Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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30
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Zhang P, Yu C, Yu J, Li Z, Lan HY, Zhou Q. Arid2-IR promotes NF-κB-mediated renal inflammation by targeting NLRC5 transcription. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:2387-2404. [PMID: 33090288 PMCID: PMC11072509 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03659-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in a variety of disorders including kidney diseases. It is well recognized that inflammation is the initial step of kidney injury and is largely mediated by nuclear factor Kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. We had previously identified lncRNA-Arid2-IR is an inflammatory lncRNA associated with NF-κB-mediated renal injury. In this study, we examined the regulatory mechanism through which Arid2-IR activates NF-κB signaling. We found that Arid2-IR was differentially expressed in response to various kidney injuries and was induced by transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1). Using RNA sequencing and luciferase assays, we found that Arid2-IR regulated the activity of NF-κB signal via NLRC5-dependent mechanism. Arid2-IR masked the promoter motifs of NLRC5 to inhibit its transcription. In addition, during inflammatory response, Filamin A (Flna) was increased and functioned to trap Arid2-IR in cytoplasm, thereby preventing its nuclear translocation and inhibition of NLRC5 transcription. Thus, lncRNA Arid2-IR mediates NF-κB-driven renal inflammation via a NLRC5-dependent mechanism and targeting Arid2-IR may be a novel therapeutic strategy for inflammatory diseases in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puhua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaolun Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianwen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijian Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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31
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Ma T, Jia H, Ji P, He Y, Chen L. Identification of the candidate lncRNA biomarkers for acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2021; 21:77-89. [PMID: 33612038 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2021.1873131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: This meta-analysis aims to summarize the studies of lncRNAs dysregulation in individual acute kidney injury (AKI) and identify the potential lncRNA biomarkers of AKI.Research design and methods: We systematically searched four databases to identify the lncRNA expression studies of AKI in animal models and patients. The lncRNAs expression data were extracted from 38 included studies, and lncRNA vote-counting strategy was applied to identify significant lncRNA biomarkers. The predicted targets of lncRNA biomarkers were obtained by searching Co-LncRNA, RBPmap, and LncBase v.2. Further, GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed.Results: We recognized a significant lncRNA signature of 21 up-regulated and 11 down-regulated lncRNAs, among which TapSAKI, XIST, MALAT1, CASC2, and HOXA-AS2 were dysregulated both in AKI rodent models and patients. About 28.0% of these lncRNAs mainly exist in the nucleus, which was also the most enriched GO cellular components term. The most relevant GO terms in biological process and molecular function associated with these lncRNAs were splicing, processing, and binding of mRNA.Conclusions: The present meta-analysis identified 31 significant dysregulated lncRNAs from 38 studies. TapSAKI, XIST, MALAT1, CASC2, and HOXA-AS2 were considered as the potential predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Ma
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongshuai Jia
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Peili Ji
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yangzhige He
- Department of Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Limeng Chen
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Chen G, Liu B, Chen S, Li H, Liu J, Mai Z, Chen E, Zhou C, Sun G, Guo Z, Lei L, Huang S, Zhang L, Li M, Tan N, Li H, Liao Y, Liu J, Chen J, Liu Y. Novel biomarkers for post-contrast acute kidney injury identified from long non-coding RNA expression profiles. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:882-896. [PMID: 33767596 PMCID: PMC7975710 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.45294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) is a severe complication of cardiac catheterization. Emerging evidence indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) could serve as biomarkers for various diseases. However, the lncRNA expression profile and potential biomarkers in PC-AKI remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate novel lncRNA biomarkers for the early detection of PC-AKI. Methods: lncRNA profile in the kidney tissues of PC-AKI rats was evaluated through RNA sequencing. Potential lncRNA biomarkers were identified through human-rat homology analysis, kidney and blood filtering in rats and verified in 112 clinical samples. The expression patterns of the candidate lncRNAs were detected in HK-2 cells and rat models to evaluate their potential for early detection. Results: In total, 357 lncRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in PC-AKI. We identified lnc-HILPDA and lnc-PRND were conservative and remarkably upregulated in both kidneys and blood from rats and the blood of PC-AKI patients; these lncRNAs can precisely distinguish PC-AKI patients (area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.885 and 0.875, respectively). The combination of these two lncRNAs exhibited improved accuracy for predicting PC-AKI, with 100% sensitivity and 83.93% specificity. Time-course experiments showed that the significant difference was first noted in the blood of PC-AKI rats at 12 h for lnc-HILPDA and 24 h for lnc-PRND. Conclusion: Our study revealed that lnc-HILPDA and lnc-PRND may serve as the novel biomarkers for early detection and profoundly affect the clinical stratification and strategy guidance of PC-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanzhong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiqun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Huanqiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziling Mai
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Enzhao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunyun Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoli Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaodong Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Lei
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanyi Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Liyao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Li
- Guangzhou Jingke Bioscience Center, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiyan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
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Nowak A, Haddad G, Kistler AD, Nlandu-Khodo S, Beuschlein F, Wüthrich RP, Lorenzen JM, Kölling M. Circular RNA-based biomarkers in blood of patients with Fabry disease and related phenotypes. J Med Genet 2021; 59:279-286. [PMID: 33547137 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2020-107086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fabry disease is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the galactosidase α gene. Deficient activity of α-galactosidase A leads to glycosphingolipid accumulations in multiple organs. Circular RNAs represent strong regulators of gene expression. Their circular structure ensures high stability in blood. We hypothesised that blood-based circular RNA profiles improve phenotypic assignment and therapeutic monitoring of Fabry disease. METHODS A genome-wide circular RNA expression analysis was performed in blood of genetically diagnosed patients with Fabry disease (n=58), age-matched and sex-matched healthy volunteers (n=14) and disease control patients with acute kidney injury (n=109). Most highly dysregulated circular RNAs were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. Circular RNA biomarker sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and area under the curve (AUC) were determined. Linear regression analyses were conducted for validated circular RNA biomarkers and clinical patient characteristics. RESULTS A distinct circular RNA transcriptome signature identified patients with Fabry disease. Level of circular RNAs hsa_circ_0006853 (AUC=0.73), hsa_circ_0083766 (AUC=0.8) and hsa_circ_0002397 (AUC=0.8) distinguished patients with Fabry disease from both healthy controls and patients with acute kidney injury. Hsa_circ_0002397 was, furthermore, female-specifically expressed. Circular RNA level were significantly related to galactosidase α gene mutations, early symptoms, phenotypes, disease severities, specific therapies and long-term complications of Fabry disease. CONCLUSION The discovery of circular RNA-based and Fabry disease-specific biomarkers may advance future diagnosis of Fabry disease and help to distinguish related phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albina Nowak
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - George Haddad
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas D Kistler
- Department of Medicine, Frauenfeld Cantonal Hospital, Frauenfeld, Switzerland
| | | | - Felix Beuschlein
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rudolf P Wüthrich
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johan M Lorenzen
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Malte Kölling
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Haddad G, Kölling M, Wegmann UA, Dettling A, Seeger H, Schmitt R, Soerensen-Zender I, Haller H, Kistler AD, Dueck A, Engelhardt S, Thum T, Mueller TF, Wüthrich RP, Lorenzen JM. Renal AAV2-Mediated Overexpression of Long Non-Coding RNA H19 Attenuates Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury Through Sponging of microRNA-30a-5p. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:323-341. [PMID: 33478972 PMCID: PMC8054899 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020060775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of AKI. Noncoding RNAs are intricately involved in the pathophysiology of this form of AKI. Transcription of hypoxia-induced, long noncoding RNA H19, which shows high embryonic expression and is silenced in adults, is upregulated in renal I/R injury. METHODS Lentivirus-mediated overexpression, as well as antisense oligonucleotide-based silencing, modulated H19 in vitro. In vivo analyses used constitutive H19 knockout mice. In addition, renal vein injection of adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV2) carrying H19 caused overexpression in the kidney. Expression of H19 in kidney transplant patients with I/R injury was investigated. RESULTS H19 is upregulated in kidney biopsies of patients with AKI, in murine ischemic kidney tissue, and in cultured and ex vivo sorted hypoxic endothelial cells (ECs) and tubular epithelial cells (TECs). Transcription factors hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α, LHX8, and SPI1 activate H19 in ECs and TECs. H19 overexpression promotes angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In vivo, transient AAV2-mediated H19 overexpression significantly improved kidney function, reduced apoptosis, and reduced inflammation, as well as preserving capillary density and tubular epithelial integrity. Sponging of miR-30a-5p mediated the effects, which, in turn, led to target regulation of Dll4, ATG5, and Snai1. CONCLUSIONS H19 overexpression confers protection against renal injury by stimulating proangiogenic signaling. H19 overexpression may be a promising future therapeutic option in the treatment of patients with ischemic AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Haddad
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Malte Kölling
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs A. Wegmann
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Angela Dettling
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Harald Seeger
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland Schmitt
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Hermann Haller
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas D. Kistler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Frauenfeld, Frauenfeld, Switzerland
| | - Anne Dueck
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Engelhardt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany,Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Mueller
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rudolf P. Wüthrich
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johan M. Lorenzen
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Wang YN, Yang CE, Zhang DD, Chen YY, Yu XY, Zhao YY, Miao H. Long non-coding RNAs: A double-edged sword in aging kidney and renal disease. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 337:109396. [PMID: 33508306 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Aging as one of intrinsic biological processes is a risk factor for many chronic diseases. Kidney disease is a global problem and health care burden worldwide. The diagnosis of kidney disease is currently based on serum creatinine and urea levels. Novel biomarkers may improve diagnostic accuracy, thereby allowing early prevention and treatment. Over the past few years, advances in genome analyses have identified an emerging class of noncoding RNAs that play critical roles in the regulation of gene expression and epigenetic reprogramming. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are pervasively transcribed in the genome and could bind DNA, RNA and protein. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that lncRNAs played an important role in all stages of kidney disease. To date, only some lncRNAs were well identified and characterized, but the complexity of multilevel regulation of transcriptional programs involved in these processes remains undefined. In this review, we summarized the lncRNA expression profiling of large-scale identified lncRNAs on kidney diseases including acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy and kidney transplantation. We further discussed a number of annotated lncRNAs linking with complex etiology of kidney diseases. Finally, several lncRNAs were highlighted as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Targeting lncRNAs may represent a precise therapeutic strategy for progressive renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ni Wang
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Chang-E Yang
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Chen
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No. 2 Xihuamen, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710003, China.
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.
| | - Hua Miao
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.
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Long non-coding RNA review and implications in acute lung inflammation. Life Sci 2021; 269:119044. [PMID: 33454366 PMCID: PMC7808900 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung inflammatory diseases severely affect the patients' recovery and outcomes worldwide. Unregulated acute inflammatory response is fundamentally central to acute lung inflammation including acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). To limit the potentially deleterious effects of acute lung inflammation, complex transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulatory networks have been explored, which often involves long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA). LncRNAs are RNAs that longer than 200 nucleotides, functioning as scaffolds or decoys in the cytoplasm or nucleus. By now, lncRNAs have been found to join in all major cellular processes including cell proliferation, metabolism, stress response or death. Extensive advance over the last decade furthermore indicated a fundamental role of lncRNAs in acute lung inflammation. This article reviews and summarizes the current knowledge on lncRNA in acute lung inflammatory response.
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Radhakrishnan R, Kowluru RA. Long Noncoding RNA MALAT1 and Regulation of the Antioxidant Defense System in Diabetic Retinopathy. Diabetes 2021; 70:227-239. [PMID: 33051272 PMCID: PMC7881848 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The retina experiences increased oxidative stress in diabetes, and the transcriptional activity of Nrf2, which is critical in regulating many antioxidant genes, is decreased. The nuclear movement/transcriptional activity of Nrf2 is mediated by its intracellular inhibitor Keap1, and retinal Keap1 levels are increased in diabetes. Gene expression is also regulated by long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs). Our aim was to investigate the role of LncRNA MALAT1 in the regulation of Keap1-Nrf2-antioxidant defense in diabetic retinopathy. LncRNA MALAT1 expression (quantitative real-time PCR, immunofluorescence, and RNA sequencing), its interactions with Keap1 (FACS), Keap1-Nrf2 interactions, and transcription of the antioxidant response genes (immunofluorescence and nuclear RNA sequencing) were investigated in retinal endothelial cells exposed to high glucose. Glucose increased LncRNA MALAT1 levels by increasing Sp1 transcription factor binding at its promoter. Downregulation of LncRNA MALAT1 by its siRNA prevented glucose-induced increase in Keap1 and facilitated Nrf2 nuclear translocation and antioxidant gene transcription. Retinal microvessels from streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and human donors with diabetic retinopathy also presented similar increases in LncRNA MALAT1 and its interactions with Keap1 and decreases in Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defense genes. Thus, LncRNA MALAT1, via Keap1-Nrf2, regulates antioxidant defense in diabetic retinopathy. Inhibition of LncRNA MALAT1 has potential to protect the retina from oxidative damage and to prevent or slow down diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renu A Kowluru
- Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
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Groeneweg KE, Au YW, Duijs JMGJ, Florijn BW, van Kooten C, de Fijter JW, Reinders MEJ, van Zonneveld AJ, Bijkerk R. Diabetic nephropathy alters circulating long noncoding RNA levels that normalize following simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:3451-3461. [PMID: 32353171 PMCID: PMC7754299 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT) replaces kidney function and restores endogenous insulin secretion in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Here, we aimed to identify circulating long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that are associated with DN and vascular injury in the context of SPKT. Based on a pilot study and a literature-based selection of vascular injury-related lncRNAs, we assessed 9 candidate lncRNAs in plasma samples of patients with diabetes mellitus with a kidney function >35 mL/min/1.73 m2 (DM; n = 12), DN (n = 14), SPKT (n = 35), healthy controls (n = 15), and renal transplant recipients (KTx; n = 13). DN patients were also studied longitudinally before and 1, 6, and 12 months after SPKT. Of 9 selected lncRNAs, we found MALAT1, LIPCAR, and LNC-EPHA6 to be higher in DN compared with healthy controls. SPKT caused MALAT1, LIPCAR, and LNC-EPHA6 to normalize to levels of healthy controls, which was confirmed in the longitudinal study. In addition, we observed a strong association between MALAT1, LNC-EPHA6, and LIPCAR and vascular injury marker soluble thrombomodulin and a subset of angiogenic microRNAs (miR-27a, miR-130b, miR-152, and miR-340). We conclude that specific circulating lncRNAs associate with DN-related vascular injury and normalize after SPKT, suggesting that lncRNAs may provide a promising novel monitoring strategy for vascular integrity in the context of SPKT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen E. Groeneweg
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology)Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Yu Wah Au
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology)Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Jacques M. G. J. Duijs
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology)Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Barend W. Florijn
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology)Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Cees van Kooten
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology)Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Johan W. de Fijter
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology)Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Marlies E. J. Reinders
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology)Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Anton Jan van Zonneveld
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology)Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Roel Bijkerk
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology)Einthoven Laboratory for Vascular and Regenerative MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
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Total Glucosides of Paeony Alleviate Cell Apoptosis and Inflammation by Targeting the Long Noncoding RNA XIST/MicroRNA-124-3p/ITGB1 Axis in Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:8869511. [PMID: 33299380 PMCID: PMC7710434 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8869511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (RI/RI) is the main cause of acute kidney injury. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) are a traditional Chinese medicine. This study was aimed at exploring the role of TGP in RI/RI and its underlying mechanism of action. Methods Rat RI/RI models were constructed by surgical operation. Serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were used to evaluate renal function. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA. RI/RI was simulated by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) treatment in renal cells in vitro. The lncRNA XIST (XIST) expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR. Then, the viability and apoptosis of renal cells were detected by MTT and flow cytometry assay. Additionally, dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the interactions among XIST, microRNA-124-3p (miR-124-3p), and ITGB1. Results TGP improved renal function and inhibited inflammatory responses after RI/RI. XIST expression was highly expressed in rat RI/RI models and H/R-treated renal cells, whereas treatment with TGP downregulated the XIST expression. Additionally, TGP increased viability and attenuated apoptosis and inflammation of H/R-treated renal cells via inhibiting XIST. Moreover, XIST was competitively bound to miR-124-3p, and ITGB1 was a target of miR-124-3p. miR-124-3p overexpression or ITGB1 inhibition rescued the reduction effect on viability and mitigated the promoting effects on cell apoptosis and inflammation caused by XIST overexpression in H/R-treated renal cells. Conclusions In vivo, TGP attenuated renal dysfunction and inflammation in RI/RI rats. In vitro, TGP inhibited XIST expression to modulate the miR-124-3p/ITGB1 axis, alleviating the apoptosis and inflammation of H/R-treated renal cells.
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Wang X, Zhao D, Xie H, Hu Y. Interplay of long non-coding RNAs and HIF-1α: A new dimension to understanding hypoxia-regulated tumor growth and metastasis. Cancer Lett 2020; 499:49-59. [PMID: 33217445 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a feature of the solid tumor microenvironment that is associated with poor clinical outcomes in multiple tumor types. Hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a master regulator of hypoxic adaption, has been demonstrated to modulate hypoxic gene expression profiling and signaling transduction networks, and is thus a potential therapeutic target. Despite hypoxic response signaling having being extensively studied, the involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the hypoxic response has become a new focus of attention. Emerging evidence has documented complex interactions between HIF-1α and lncRNAs, which contribute to the acquisition of multiple hallmarks of cancer. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the study of hypoxia and HIF-1α-regulated lncRNAs, and summarize the molecular mechanisms and functional outcomes of the interplay between lncRNAs and HIF-1α, which may provide important insights into cancer diagnosis and prognosis, enabling better control of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwen Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Provence, 150001, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Provence, 150001, China
| | - Hui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2 Yikuang, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ying Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Provence, 150001, China; Shenzhen Graduate School of Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Liu F, Yang Y, Liu T, Deng J, Zhang H, Luo D, Lou YL. Analysis of Differentially Expressed Long Noncoding RNA in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Kidney Blood Press Res 2020; 45:686-701. [PMID: 32799207 DOI: 10.1159/000508217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is one of the major causes of acute renal failure which seriously endangers the health and life of patients. Currently, there is still lack of comprehensive knowledge of the molecular mechanism of renal IR injury, and the regulatory role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in renal IR damage remains poorly understood. AIM The aim of this study was to analyze the expression spectrum of lncRNA in renal IR damage in mice and to explore specific lncRNA that may be involved in regulating the development of human renal IR injury. METHODS RNA-Seq was used to investigate the lncRNA profile of renal IR injury in a mouse model, and conservation analysis was performed on mouse lncRNAs with differential expression (fragments per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads ≥2) by BLASTN. The potential functions and associated pathways of the differentially expressed lncRNA were explored by bioinformatics analysis. The cell hypoxia model was used to detect the expression of the candidate lncRNA. RESULTS Of the 45,923 lncRNA transcripts detected in the samples, and 5,868 lncRNAs were found to be significantly differentially expressed (p < 0.05 and fold change ≥ 2) in 24-h IR kidney tissue compared to the expression in the control group. It was found that 56 differently expressed mouse lncRNA transcripts have human homology by analyzing the conserved sequences. We also found that lncRNA-NONHSAT183385.1 expression significantly increased in HK2 cells after 24 h of hypoxia and increased further 6 h after reoxygenation, and after 24 h of reoxygenation it was dramatically downregulated, indicating that NONHSAT183385.1 may be involved in the pathophysiological process of renal tubular epithelial cells in response to ischemia in human renal IR. CONCLUSION Our study revealed differentially expressed lncRNAs in renal IR damage in mice and identified a set of conserved lncRNAs, which would help to explore lncRNAs that may play important regulatory roles in human renal IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuan-Lei Lou
- Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,
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Chen H, Fan Y, Jing H, Tang S, Zhou J. Emerging role of lncRNAs in renal fibrosis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 692:108530. [PMID: 32768395 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is the final common pathological feature of a wide variety of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, an understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development of renal fibrosis remains challenging and controversial. As the current focus of molecular research, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular noncoding RNAs (circRNAs), have powerful and abundant biological functions, which essentially makes them mediators of the physiological and pathological processes of various system diseases. The role of ncRNAs in renal fibrosis has also received great attention in recent years, but most research has mainly focused on miRNAs. In fact, although a large number of studies of lncRNAs have emerged recently, the role these molecules play in renal fibrosis haven't been fully understood till now. Thus, this review discusses the discovery of lncRNAs and their biological functions in different types of renal fibrosis, as well as the imminent applications of these findings in clinical use. Undoubtedly, in the future, further understanding of the function of all types of lncRNAs will reveal large breakthroughs in the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510060, China
| | - Youling Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511400, China
| | - Huan Jing
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Simin Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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Emerging Roles of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Renal Fibrosis. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10080131. [PMID: 32752143 PMCID: PMC7460436 DOI: 10.3390/life10080131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is an unavoidable consequence that occurs in nearly all of the nephropathies. It is characterized by a superabundant deposition and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). All compartments in the kidney can be affected, including interstitium, glomeruli, vasculature, and other connective tissue, during the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. The development of this process eventually causes destruction of renal parenchyma and end-stage renal failure, which is a devastating disease that requires renal replacement therapies. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been emerging as key regulators governing gene expression and affecting various biological processes. These versatile roles include transcriptional regulation, organization of nuclear domains, and the regulation of RNA molecules or proteins. Current evidence proposes the involvement of lncRNAs in the pathologic process of kidney fibrosis. In this review, the biological relevance of lncRNAs in renal fibrosis will be clarified as important novel regulators and potential therapeutic targets. The biology, and subsequently the current understanding, of lncRNAs in renal fibrosis are demonstrated—highlighting the involvement of lncRNAs in kidney cell function, phenotype transition, and vascular damage and rarefaction. Finally, we discuss challenges and future prospects of lncRNAs in diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets, hoping to further inspire the management of renal fibrosis.
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Arun G, Aggarwal D, Spector DL. MALAT1 Long Non-Coding RNA: Functional Implications. Noncoding RNA 2020; 6:E22. [PMID: 32503170 PMCID: PMC7344863 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna6020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian genome is pervasively transcribed and the functional significance of many long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcripts are gradually being elucidated. Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1) is one of the most well-studied lncRNAs. MALAT1 is a highly conserved nuclear retained lncRNA that is abundantly expressed in cells and tissues and has been shown to play a role in regulating genes at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in a context-dependent manner. However, Malat1 has been shown to be dispensable for normal development and viability in mice. Interestingly, accumulating evidence suggests that MALAT1 plays an important role in numerous diseases including cancer. Here, we discuss the current state-of-knowledge in regard to MALAT1 with respect to its function, role in diseases, and the potential therapeutic opportunities for targeting MALAT1 using antisense oligonucleotides and small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Arun
- Envisagenics, 101 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10013, USA;
| | - Disha Aggarwal
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794, USA;
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, NY 11724, USA
| | - David L. Spector
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794, USA;
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, NY 11724, USA
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Abstract
Currently, cardiovascular diseases continue to be the leading cause of death worldwide; therefore, atherosclerosis remains one of the most crucial public health problems. This chronic and complex disease is considered to be a result of aberrant lipid homeostasis and inflammation of the inner wall of arteries that leads to plaque development. In recent years, a specific class of non-coding RNAs that are characterised by transcript lengths longer than 200 nucleotides, called long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), has emerged. Moreover, a growing body of evidence indicates that deregulation of lncRNA expression may contribute to the development of many diseases. Despite continuous efforts in deciphering the molecular basis of atherosclerotic plaque (AP) formation, many aspects of this process remain elusive. Therefore, continuing efforts in this area should remain the highest priority in the coming years. Establishment of a standardised experimental pipeline and validation of lncRNAs as possible relevant biomarkers for cardiovascular disease would enable the translation of gathered findings into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Kraczkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Science, 6 Święcickiego Street, 60-781, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Paweł Piotr Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Science, 6 Święcickiego Street, 60-781, Poznan, Poland
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46
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Merta L, Gandalovičová A, Čermák V, Dibus M, Gutschner T, Diederichs S, Rösel D, Brábek J. Increased Level of Long Non-Coding RNA MALAT1 is a Common Feature of Amoeboid Invasion. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051136. [PMID: 32369931 PMCID: PMC7281393 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of cancer cells to adopt various migration modes (the plasticity of cancer cell invasiveness) is a substantive obstacle in the treatment of metastasis, yet still an incompletely understood process. We performed a comparison of publicly available transcriptomic datasets from various cell types undergoing a switch between the mesenchymal and amoeboid migration modes. Strikingly, lncRNA MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) was one of three genes that were found upregulated in all amoeboid cells analyzed. Accordingly, downregulation of MALAT1 in predominantly amoeboid cell lines A375m2 and A2058 resulted in decrease of active RhoA (Ras homolog family member A) and was accompanied by the amoeboid-mesenchymal transition in A375m2 cells. Moreover, MALAT1 downregulation in amoeboid cells led to increased cell proliferation. Our work is the first to address the role of MALAT1 in MAT/AMT (mesenchymal to amoeboid transition/amoeboid to mesenchymal transition) and suggests that increased MALAT1 expression is a common feature of amoeboid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Merta
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (A.G.); (V.Č.); (M.D.); (D.R.)
- Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Průmyslová 595, 25242 Vestec u Prahy, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Gandalovičová
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (A.G.); (V.Č.); (M.D.); (D.R.)
- Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Průmyslová 595, 25242 Vestec u Prahy, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Čermák
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (A.G.); (V.Č.); (M.D.); (D.R.)
- Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Průmyslová 595, 25242 Vestec u Prahy, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Dibus
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (A.G.); (V.Č.); (M.D.); (D.R.)
- Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Průmyslová 595, 25242 Vestec u Prahy, Czech Republic
| | - Tony Gutschner
- Medical Faculty, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Sven Diederichs
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Division of Cancer Research, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)—Partner Site Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 115, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
- Division of RNA Biology & Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Rösel
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (A.G.); (V.Č.); (M.D.); (D.R.)
- Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Průmyslová 595, 25242 Vestec u Prahy, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Brábek
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 12843 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (A.G.); (V.Č.); (M.D.); (D.R.)
- Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Průmyslová 595, 25242 Vestec u Prahy, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
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Gao C, Zhang CC, Yang HX, Hao YN. MALAT1 Protected the Angiogenesis Function of Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HBMECs) Under Oxygen Glucose Deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) Challenge by Interacting with miR-205-5p/VEGFA Pathway. Neuroscience 2020; 435:135-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Yao MY, Zhang WH, Ma WT, Liu QH, Xing LH, Zhao GF. Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 exacerbates acute respiratory distress syndrome by upregulating ICAM-1 expression via microRNA-150-5p downregulation. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6570-6585. [PMID: 32315984 PMCID: PMC7202495 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe form of acute lung injury in which severe inflammatory responses induce cell apoptosis, necrosis, and fibrosis. This study investigated the role of lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in ARDS and the underlying mechanism involved. The expression of MALAT1, microRNA-150-5p (miR-150-5p), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was determined in ARDS patients and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). Next, the interactions among MALAT1, miR-150-5p, and ICAM-1 were explored. Gain- or loss-of-function experiments in HPMECs were employed to determine cell apoptosis and inflammation. Furthermore, a mouse xenograft model of ARDS was established in order to verify the function of MALAT1 in vivo. MALAT1 and ICAM-1 were upregulated, while miR-150-5p was downregulated in both ARDS patients and LPS-treated HPMECs. MALAT1 upregulated ICAM-1 expression by competitively binding to miR-150-5p. MALAT1 silencing or miR-150-5p overexpression was shown to suppress HPMEC apoptosis, decrease the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) and E-selectin in HPMECs, as well as alleviated lung injury in nude mice. These findings demonstrated that MALAT1 silencing can potentially suppress HPMEC apoptosis and alleviate lung injury in ARDS via miR-150-5p-targeted ICAM-1, suggestive of a novel therapeutic target for ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ying Yao
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Nursing College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Tao Ma
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Hong Liu
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Xing
- Department of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Gao-Feng Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
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Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a major fraction of the transcriptome in multicellular organisms. Although a handful of well-studied lncRNAs are broadly recognized as biologically meaningful, the fraction of such transcripts out of the entire collection of lncRNAs remains a subject of vigorous debate. Here we review the evidence for and against biological functionalities of lncRNAs and attempt to arrive at potential modes of lncRNA functionality that would reconcile the contradictory conclusions. Finally, we discuss different strategies of phenotypic analyses that could be used to investigate such modes of lncRNA functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Gao
- Institute of Genomics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, 201 Pan-Chinese S & T Building, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ye Cai
- Institute of Genomics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, 201 Pan-Chinese S & T Building, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Philipp Kapranov
- Institute of Genomics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, 201 Pan-Chinese S & T Building, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Dongyang Xu
- Institute of Genomics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, 201 Pan-Chinese S & T Building, 668 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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Zhou Q, Chen W, Yu XQ. Long non-coding RNAs as novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets in kidney disease. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2020; 5:252-257. [PMID: 32055784 PMCID: PMC7005109 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have critical roles in the development of many diseases including kidney disease. An increasing number of studies have shown that lncRNAs are involved in kidney development and that their dysregulation can result in distinct disease processes, including acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Understanding the roles of lncRNAs in kidney disease may provide new diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities in the clinic. This review provides an overview of lncRNA characteristics, biological function and discusses specific studies that provide insight into the function and potential application of lncRNAs in kidney disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Xue-Qing Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.,Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
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