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Su X, Lu F, Chen Y, Wang M, Tang G, Lin W, Liu Y, Wang H, Yin H, Wang Y. α 2 -ADRENORECEPTOR ANTAGONIST AMELIORATES SEPSIS-ASSOCIATED PULMONARY FIBROSIS BY SUPPRESSING NOREPINEPHRINE-MEDIATED FIBROBLAST DIFFERENTIATION VIA INHIBITING PKC ACTIVATION. Shock 2023; 60:771-780. [PMID: 37878498 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pulmonary fibrosis is an important factor affecting the prognosis of severe septic patients with acute lung injury. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of norepinephrine (NE) and α 2 -adrenoreceptor (AR) on sepsis-associated pulmonary fibrosis and the mechanism underlying these effects. We found pulmonary fibrotic changes, and increased NE production and α 2A -AR expression in the pulmonary tissue of mice subjected to cecal ligation and puncture surgery. Reserpine and yohimbine alleviated pulmonary fibrosis in mice with sepsis by exhausting NE derived from the lung's adrenergic nerve and blocking α 2 -AR, respectively. There was no significant difference in the expression of the three α 1 -AR subtypes. The effect of NE on promoting pulmonary fibroblast differentiation in vitro was suppressed by yohimbine. Both the protein and mRNA expression levels of α 2A -AR were increased in pulmonary fibroblasts treated with LPS. Clonidine, a selective α 2 -AR agonist, enhanced LPS-induced differentiation in pulmonary fibroblasts, as indicated by the increase in α-smooth muscle actin and collagen I/III, which was mitigated by inhibiting PKC and p38. Further in vivo results indicated that yohimbine alleviated pulmonary fibrosis and inhibited the phosphorylation of PKC, p38, and Smad2/3 in lung tissue of mice exposed to LPS for 4 weeks. Clonidine showed the opposite effect to yohimbine, which aggravated LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis. These findings demonstrated that the sepsis-induced increase in NE promoted fibroblast differentiation via activating α 2 -AR. Blockage of α 2 -AR effectively ameliorated sepsis-associated pulmonary fibrosis by abolishing NE-induced lung fibroblast differentiation and inhibiting the PKC-p38-Smad2/3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingwen Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huadong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Yin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Hobai IA. MECHANISMS OF CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION IN SEPSIS. Shock 2023; 59:515-539. [PMID: 36155956 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Studies in animal models of sepsis have elucidated an intricate network of signaling pathways that lead to the dysregulation of myocardial Ca 2+ handling and subsequently to a decrease in cardiac contractile force, in a sex- and model-dependent manner. After challenge with a lethal dose of LPS, male animals show a decrease in cellular Ca 2+ transients (ΔCa i ), with intact myofilament function, whereas female animals show myofilament dysfunction, with intact ΔCa i . Male mice challenged with a low, nonlethal dose of LPS also develop myofilament desensitization, with intact ΔCa i . In the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model, the causative mechanisms seem similar to those in the LPS model in male mice and are unknown in female subjects. ΔCa i decrease in male mice is primarily due to redox-dependent inhibition of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ ATP-ase (SERCA). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are overproduced by dysregulated mitochondria and the enzymes NADPH/NADH oxidase, cyclooxygenase, and xanthine oxidase. In addition to inhibiting SERCA, ROS amplify cardiomyocyte cytokine production and mitochondrial dysfunction, making the process self-propagating. In contrast, female animals may exhibit a natural redox resilience. Myofilament dysfunction is due to hyperphosphorylation of troponin I, troponin T cleavage by caspase-3, and overproduction of cGMP by NO-activated soluble guanylate cyclase. Depleted, dysfunctional, or uncoupled mitochondria likely synthesize less ATP in both sexes, but the role of energy deficit is not clear. NO produced by NO synthase (NOS)-3 and mitochondrial NOSs, protein kinases and phosphatases, the processes of autophagy and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum stress, and β-adrenergic insensitivity may also play currently uncertain roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ion A Hobai
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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3
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Tang X, Zhang C, Tian T, Dai X, Xing Y, Wang Y, Yang D, Li H, Wang Y, Lv X, Wang H. Posttreatment with dexmedetomidine aggravates LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction partly via activating cardiac endothelial α 2A-AR in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109724. [PMID: 36696856 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dexmedetomidine (DEX) administered before or at 30 min after sepsis induction was reported to alleviate septic cardiomyopathy in experimental models. However, sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction due to infection-induced dysregulated host response, whether DEX treatment in the presence of organ dysfunction affects septic cardiomyopathy is unknown. This study investigated the effect of DEX posttreatment on septic cardiomyopathy. METHODS Male wild-type and α2A-adrenergic receptor (AR) knockout mice were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or cecal ligation puncture (CLP), and cultured cardiac endothelial cells were used. Mouse survival, myocardial function, inflammatory response and related signaling pathways were determined. RESULTS DEX treatment at 6, 9 h after LPS challenge significantly reduced survival rate of LPS-challenged mice, especially at 9 h. DEX administered at 9 h after LPS injection or CLP significantly reduced survival in LPS or CLP-induced sepsis in wild-type mice, but not in α2A-AR knockout mice. LPS treatment for 20 h decreased the left ventricle + dp/dt, increased myocardial interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 concentrations as well as cardiac endothelial tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and ICAM-1 expression, which were enhanced by DEX treated at 9 h after LPS injection in wild-type mice, but not in α2A-AR knockout mice. Furthermore, DEX posttreatment increased p38 phosphorylation, c-Fos nuclear translocation and VCAM-1 expression in LPS-treated cardiac endothelial cells, which were eliminated by α2A-AR knockout or PKC inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS DEX posttreatment aggravates LPS-induced cardiac inflammation and myocardial dysfunction, at least in part, via activating cardiac endothelial α2A-AR-mediated PKC signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxu Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Chanjuan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaomeng Dai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Xing
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Duomeng Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuxiu Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China.
| | - Huadong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China.
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4
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Hobai IA. CARDIOMYOCYTE REPROGRAMMING IN ANIMAL MODELS OF SEPTIC SHOCK. Shock 2023; 59:200-213. [PMID: 36730767 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cardiomyocyte reprogramming plays a pivotal role in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy through the induction or overexpression of several factors and enzymes, ultimately leading to the characteristic decrease in cardiac contractility. The initial trigger is the binding of LPS to TLR-2, -3, -4, and -9 and of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF, IL-1, and IL-6, to their respective receptors. This induces the nuclear translocation of nuclear factors, such as NF-κB, via activation of MyD88, TRIF, IRAK, and MAPKs. Among the latter, ROS- and estrogen-dependent p38 and ERK 1/2 are proinflammatory, whereas JNK may play antagonistic, anti-inflammatory roles. Nuclear factors induce the synthesis of cytokines, which can amplify the inflammatory signal in a paracrine fashion, and of several effector enzymes, such as NOS-2, NOX-1, and others, which are ultimately responsible for the degradation of cardiomyocyte contractility. In parallel, the downregulation of enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation causes metabolic reprogramming, followed by a decrease in ATP production and the release of fragmented mitochondrial DNA, which may augment the process in a positive feedback loop. Other mediators, such as NO, ROS, the enzymes PI3K and Akt, and adrenergic stimulation may play regulatory roles, but not all signaling pathways that mediate cardiac dysfunction of sepsis do that by regulating reprogramming. Transcription may be globally modulated by miRs, which exert protective or amplifying effects. For all these mechanisms, differentiating between modulation of cardiomyocyte reprogramming versus systemic inflammation has been an ongoing but worthwhile experimental challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ion A Hobai
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, GRB 444, Boston, MA
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5
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Jabir NR, Firoz CK, Zughaibi TA, Alsaadi MA, Abuzenadah AM, Al-Asmari AI, Alsaieedi A, Ahmed BA, Ramu AK, Tabrez S. A literature perspective on the pharmacological applications of yohimbine. Ann Med 2022; 54:2861-2875. [PMID: 36263866 PMCID: PMC9590431 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2131330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Phytochemicals have garnered much attention because they are useful in managing several human diseases. Yohimbine is one such phytochemical with significant pharmacological potential and could be exploited for research by medicinal chemists. It is an indole alkaloid obtained from various natural/synthetic sources.Aims and Results: The research on yohimbine started early, and its use as a stimulant and aphrodisiac by humans has been reported for a long time. The pharmacological activity of yohimbine is mediated by the combined action of the central and peripheral nervous systems. It selectively blocks the pre and postsynaptic α2-adrenergic receptors and has a moderate affinity for α1 and α2 subtypes. Yohimbine also binds to other behaviourally relevant monoaminergic receptors in the following order: α-2 NE > 5HT-1A>, 5HT-1B > 1-D > D3 > D2 receptors.Conclusion: The current review highlights some significant findings that contribute to developing yohimbine-based drugs. It also highlights the therapeutic potential of yohimbine against selected human diseases. However, further research is recommended on the pharmacokinetics, molecular mechanisms, and drug safety requirements using well-designed randomized clinical trials to produce yohimbine as a pharmaceutical agent for human use.Key MessagesYohimbine is a natural indole alkaloid with significant pharmacological potential.Humans have used it as a stimulant and aphrodisiac from a relatively early time.It blocks the pre- and postsynaptic α2-adrenergic receptors that could be exploited for managing erectile dysfunction, myocardial dysfunction, inflammatory disorders, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasimudeen R Jabir
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Vallam, Thanjavur, India
| | - Chelapram K Firoz
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, MIMS College of Allied Health Sciences, ASTER MIMS Academy, Malappuram, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Kerala, India
| | - Torki A Zughaibi
- Toxicology and Forensic Science Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdullah Alsaadi
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel M Abuzenadah
- Toxicology and Forensic Science Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Ibrahim Al-Asmari
- Toxicology and Forensic Science Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Laboratory Department, King Abdul-Aziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahdab Alsaieedi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bakrudeen Ali Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Vallam, Thanjavur, India
| | - Arun Kumar Ramu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Vallam, Thanjavur, India
| | - Shams Tabrez
- Toxicology and Forensic Science Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Liao J, Su X, Wang M, Jiang L, Chen X, Liu Z, Tang G, Zhou L, Li H, Lv X, Yin J, Wang H, Wang Y. The E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP protects against sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction by inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammation via promoting ubiquitination and degradation of karyopherin-α 2. Transl Res 2022; 255:50-65. [PMID: 36400309 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac dysfunction has been recognized as a major contributor to mortality in sepsis, which is closely associated with inflammatory reactions. The carboxy terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP), a U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase, defends against cardiac injury caused by other factors, but its role in sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction has yet to be determined. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of CHIP on cardiac dysfunction caused by sepsis and the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes. We discovered that the CHIP level decreased gradually in the heart at different time points after septic model construction. The decline in CHIP expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cardiomyocytes was related to c-Jun activation that inhibited the transcription of CHIP. Functional biology experiments indicated that CHIP bound directly to karyopherin-α 2 (KPNA2) and promoted its degradation through polyubiquitination in cardiomyocytes. CHIP overexpression in cardiomyocytes obviously inhibited LPS-initiated release of TNF-α and IL-6 by promoting KPNA2 degradation, reducing NF-κB translocation into the nucleus. Consistent with the in vitro results, data obtained from animal experiments indicated that septic transgenic mice with heart-specific CHIP overexpression showed a weaker proinflammatory response and reduced cardiac dysfunction than septic control mice. Furthermore, we found that the therapeutic effect of compound YL-109 on cardiac dysfunction in septic mice was due to the upregulation of myocardial CHIP expression. These findings demonstrated that sepsis-initiated the activation of c-Jun suppressed CHIP transcription. CHIP directly promoted ubiquitin-mediated degradation of KPNA2, which reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the translocation of NF-κB from the cytoplasm into the nucleus in myocardium, thereby attenuating sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingyu Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lucen Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Zixi Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoqing Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hongmei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuxiu Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Huadong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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7
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Alves GF, Aimaretti E, Einaudi G, Mastrocola R, de Oliveira JG, Collotta D, Porchietto E, Aragno M, Cifani C, Sordi R, Thiemermann C, Fernandes D, Collino M. Pharmacological Inhibition of FAK-Pyk2 Pathway Protects Against Organ Damage and Prolongs the Survival of Septic Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:837180. [PMID: 35178052 PMCID: PMC8843946 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.837180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis and septic shock are associated with high mortality and are considered one of the major public health concerns. The onset of sepsis is known as a hyper-inflammatory state that contributes to organ failure and mortality. Recent findings suggest a potential role of two non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases, namely Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2), in the inflammation associated with endometriosis, cancer, atherosclerosis and asthma. Here we investigate the role of FAK-Pyk2 in the pathogenesis of sepsis and the potential beneficial effects of the pharmacological modulation of this pathway by administering the potent reversible dual inhibitor of FAK and Pyk2, PF562271 (PF271) in a murine model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis. Five-month-old male C57BL/6 mice underwent CLP or Sham surgery and one hour after the surgical procedure, mice were randomly assigned to receive PF271 (25 mg/kg, s.c.) or vehicle. Twenty-four hours after surgery, organs and plasma were collected for analyses. In another group of mice, survival rate was assessed every 12 h over the subsequent 5 days. Experimental sepsis led to a systemic cytokine storm resulting in the formation of excessive amounts of both pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17 and IL-6) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The systemic inflammatory response was accompanied by high plasma levels of ALT, AST (liver injury), creatinine, (renal dysfunction) and lactate, as well as a high, clinical severity score. All parameters were attenuated following PF271 administration. Experimental sepsis induced an overactivation of FAK and Pyk2 in liver and kidney, which was associated to p38 MAPK activation, leading to increased expression/activation of several pro-inflammatory markers, including the NLRP3 inflammasome complex, the adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin and the enzyme NOS-2 and myeloperoxidase. Treatment with PF271 inhibited FAK-Pyk2 activation, thus blunting the inflammatory abnormalities orchestrated by sepsis. Finally, PF271 significantly prolonged the survival of mice subjected to CLP-sepsis. Taken together, our data show for the first time that the FAK-Pyk2 pathway contributes to sepsis-induced inflammation and organ injury/dysfunction and that the pharmacological modulation of this pathway may represents a new strategy for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Ferreira Alves
- Department of Neurosciences (Rita Levi Montalcini), University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Eleonora Aimaretti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Einaudi
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Raffaella Mastrocola
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Debora Collotta
- Department of Neurosciences (Rita Levi Montalcini), University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Porchietto
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Manuela Aragno
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Carlo Cifani
- Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Regina Sordi
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Christoph Thiemermann
- William Harvey Research Institute, Bart's and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Massimo Collino
- Department of Neurosciences (Rita Levi Montalcini), University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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8
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Yang D, Dai X, Xing Y, Tang X, Yang G, Harrison AG, Cahoon J, Li H, Lv X, Yu X, Wang P, Wang H. Intrinsic cardiac adrenergic cells contribute to LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction. Commun Biol 2022; 5:96. [PMID: 35079095 PMCID: PMC8789803 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03007-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic cardiac adrenergic (ICA) cells regulate both developing and adult cardiac physiological and pathological processes. However, the role of ICA cells in septic cardiomyopathy is unknown. Here we show that norepinephrine (NE) secretion from ICA cells is increased through activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) to aggravate myocardial TNF-α production and dysfunction by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In ICA cells, LPS activated TLR4-MyD88/TRIF-AP-1 signaling that promoted NE biosynthesis through expression of tyrosine hydroxylase, but did not trigger TNF-α production due to impairment of p65 translocation. In a co-culture consisting of LPS-treated ICA cells and cardiomyocytes, the upregulation and secretion of NE from ICA cells activated cardiomyocyte β1-adrenergic receptor driving Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) to crosstalk with NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Importantly, blockade of ICA cell-derived NE prevented LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction. Our findings suggest that ICA cells may be a potential therapeutic target for septic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duomeng Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaomeng Dai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Xing
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangxu Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Pathogen biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Andrew G Harrison
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Jason Cahoon
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Hongmei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuxiu Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Penghua Wang
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Huadong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Liao J, Li K, Su X, Chen Y, Wang Y, Tang X, Xing Y, Xu Y, Dai X, Teng J, Li H, Wang H, Lv X, Wang Y. Dexmedetomidine Promotes Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Differentiation of Cardiac Fibroblasts and Collagen I/III Synthesis through α 2A Adrenoreceptor-Mediated Activation of the PKC-p38-Smad2/3 Signaling Pathway in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312749. [PMID: 34884552 PMCID: PMC8657501 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a selective α2 adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist, is commonly used as a sedative drug during critical illness. In the present study, we explored a novel accelerative effect of DEX on cardiac fibroblast (CF) differentiation mediated by LPS and clarified its potential mechanism. LPS apparently increased the expression of α-SMA and collagen I/III and the phosphorylation of p38 and Smad-3 in the CFs of mice. These effects were significantly enhanced by DEX through increasing α2A-AR expression in CFs after LPS stimulation. The CFs from α2A-AR knockout mice were markedly less sensitive to DEX treatment than those of wild-type mice. Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) abolished the enhanced effects of DEX on LPS-induced differentiation of CFs. We also found that the α-SMA level in the second-passage CFs was much higher than that in the nonpassage and first-passage CFs. However, after LPS stimulation, the TNF-α released from the nonpassage CFs was much higher than that in the first- and second-passage CFs. DEX had no effect on LPS-induced release of TNF-α and IL-6 from CFs. Further investigation indicated that DEX promoted cardiac fibrosis and collagen I/III synthesis in mice exposed to LPS for four weeks. Our results demonstrated that DEX effectively accelerated LPS-induced differentiation of CFs to myofibroblasts through the PKC-p38-Smad2/3 signaling pathway by activating α2A-AR.
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Tang X, Xu Y, Dai X, Xing Y, Yang D, Huang Q, Li H, Lv X, Wang Y, Lu D, Wang H. The Long-term Effect of Dobutamine on Intrinsic Myocardial Function and Myocardial Injury in Septic Rats with Myocardial Dysfunction. Shock 2021; 56:582-592. [PMID: 34524268 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Dobutamine (DOB) is recommended as an inotrope for septic patients with low cardiac output, but its long-term impact on sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy remains unclear. This study investigated the long-term effect of DOB on septic myocardial dysfunction and injury. Rats were exposed to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), the intrinsic myocardial function, other organ functions, hemodynamics, inflammatory response, serum myocardial injury biomarkers, myocardial apoptosis, and vascular permeability were determined. At 6 h after CLP, the left ventricular ±dP/dt were significantly depressed, cardiac tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression were increased, but not serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP), creatinine, and urea nitrogen concentrations in CLP group compared with controls. At 9 h after CLP, hepatic dysfunction was present in CLP rats compared with controls. At 6 h after CLP, DOB treatment did not affect hemodynamics, the left ventricular ±dP/dt, cytokine levels in serum and myocardium, as well as cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac vascular hyperpermeability at 20 h after CLP. However, DOB (10.0 μg/kg) increased serum IL-10 level and improved survival in septic rats. These results indicate that the intrinsic myocardial depression occurs earlier than hepatic and renal dysfunction in sepsis and serum cTnI, NT-proBNP, and H-FABP are not suitable as early biomarkers for sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. Although DOB treatment (10.0 μg/kg) in the presence of myocardial dysfunction improves survival in septic rats, it neither improves myocardial function and hemodynamics nor attenuates myocardial injury at the later stage of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxu Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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11
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α2A-adrenoceptor deficiency attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury by increasing norepinephrine levels and inhibiting alveolar macrophage activation in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:1957-1971. [PMID: 32643759 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe condition with high morbidity and mortality and few interventions. The role of sympathetic stress in the pathogenesis of ARDS has attracted recent research attention. Blockade of α-2 or α2A-adrenoceptor (α2A-AR) has been shown to attenuate lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats. However, the mechanism is unclear. We confirmed the role of α2A-AR in ARDS using knockout mice and alveolar macrophages following LPS stimulation to assess the underlying mechanisms. We found that α2A-AR deficiency decreased the permeability of the alveolar capillary barrier in ARDS mice and suppressed lung inflammation by reducing inflammatory cell infiltration and the production of TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and CXCL2/MIP-2. LPS stimulation decreased NF-κB activation in lung tissues of α2A-AR deficient mice and increased norepinephrine concentrations. In vitro, we found that norepinephrine inhibited the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and CXCL2/MIP-2 and promoted the secretion of IL-10 from LPS-stimulated murine alveolar macrophages. Blockade of α2A-AR by a specific antagonist further inhibited the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10. Furthermore, norepinephrine down-regulated NF-κB activation in stimulated alveolar macrophages. Altogether, these results suggest that α2A-AR deficiency ameliorates lung injury by increasing norepinephrine concentrations in lung tissues and inhibiting the activation of alveolar macrophages.
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Kang D, Yu J, Xia J, Li X, Wang H, Zhao Y. Effect of norepinephrine combined with sodium phosphocreatine on cardiac function and prognosis of patients with septic shock. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2020; 34:2058738420950583. [PMID: 33206570 PMCID: PMC7683914 DOI: 10.1177/2058738420950583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Septic shock (SS) leads to a high mortality rate for sepsis patients. Norepinephrine (NE) is a preferred vasoactive agent in SS treatment. This study aimed to assess the effects of NE at different administration time and NE combined with SP treatment on the cardiac function and prognosis of SS. SS patients received NE treatment at different administration time and NE combined with SP treatment were enrolled in this study. The serum levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), ejection fraction (EF), and pressure-adjusted heart rate (PAR) value were analyzed to evaluate cardiac function. The 28-day survival information was collected and assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. The cardiac function of SS patients was improved significantly by NE treatment, especially in the patients received NE at 2 h after fluid infusion, which evidenced by the increased BNP and cTnI levels and EF% and the decreased RAP. In the NE-2 h group, SS patients had a better 28-day survival rate compared with those patients in NE-1 h and -3 h groups. Furthermore, the significantly improved cardiac function and survival outcomes were found in patients received NE combined SP treatment. Taken together, this study results show that NE administration at 2 h after fluid infusion may be the optimal time point for the treatment of SS and NE combined with SP treatment can improve early cardiac dysfunction and 28-day survival outcomes in patients with SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Kang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Jiading Xia
- Department of Intensive Care, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Xiuhua Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Huarong Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei, China
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13
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Shi Y, Zheng X, Zheng M, Wang L, Chen Y, Shen Y. Identification of mitochondrial function-associated lncRNAs in septic mice myocardium. J Cell Biochem 2020; 122:53-68. [PMID: 32786114 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles in septic mice heart and to identify potential lncRNAs and mRNAs that be responsible for cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction during sepsis. Mice were treated with 10 mg/kg of lipopolysaccharides to induce sepsis. LncRNAs and mRNAs expression were evaluated by using lncRNA and mRNA microarray or real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. LncRNA-mRNA coexpression network assay, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were performed. The results showed that 1275 lncRNAs were differentially expressed in septic myocardium compared with those in the control group. A total of 2769 mRNAs were dysregulated in septic mice heart, most of which are mainly related to the process of inflammation, mitochondrial metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Coexpression network analysis showed that 14 lncRNAs were highly correlated with 11 mitochondria-related differentially expressed mRNA. Among all lncRNAs and their cis-acting mRNAs, 41 lncRNAs-mRNA pairs (such as NONMMUG004378 and Apaf1 gene) were enriched in GO terms and KEGG pathways. In summary, we gained some specific lncRNAs and their potential target mRNAs that might be involved in mitochondrial dysfunction in septic myocardium. These findings provide a panoramic view of lncRNA and might allow developing new treatment strategies for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhou Shi
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohe Zheng
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingzhi Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedics of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueliang Shen
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Abstract
Purpose of Review To briefly review epidemiology and pathophysiology of SICM and provide a more extensive review of the data on diagnostic and management strategies. Recent Findings SICM is likely underdiagnosed and that has mortality implications. Current evidence supports speckle tracking echocardiography to identify decreased contractility irrespective of left ventricular ejection fraction for the diagnosis of SICM. There continues to be a dearth of large clinical trials evaluating the treatment of SICM and current consensus focuses on supportive measures such as vasopressors and inotropes. Summary Sepsis is a significant cause of mortality, and sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy has both prognostic and management implications for these patients. Individualized work-up and management of these patients is crucial to improving outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L'Heureux
- Division of Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980050, Richmond, VA, 23298-0050, USA.
| | - Michael Sternberg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Lisa Brath
- Division of Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980050, Richmond, VA, 23298-0050, USA
| | - Jeremy Turlington
- Division of Cardiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Markos G Kashiouris
- Division of Pulmonary Disease & Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980050, Richmond, VA, 23298-0050, USA
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Qiu L, Ge L, Hu Q. Dexmedetomidine Protects SK-N-SH Nerve Cells from Oxidative Injury by Maintaining Iron Homeostasis. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:424-431. [PMID: 31839625 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is characterized by the accumulation of iron-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ferroptosis causes neuronal death in multiple neurological disorders. Dexmedetomidine (Dex), an extensively used anesthetic, has neuroprotective effects against ROS, but its effect on iron metabolism remains unknown. In this study, SK-N-SH cells were treated with Dex for 24 h before treatment with 100 µM tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP; an ROS inducer) for 1 h. Afterward, intracellular ROS and labile ferrous iron [Fe(II)] levels were assessed. Dex hindered the increase in cellular ROS and labile Fe(II) levels caused by t-BHP, although Dex alone had no effect on labile Fe(II) level. t-BHP increased the expression of iron importers, transferrin receptor-1 and divalent metal transporter-1, and iron regulatory protein 1 and 2. These effects were abrogated by Dex treatment and SP-1 knockdown. t-BHP increased the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4), the primary up-stream activators of SP-1, but Dex decreased this. This study, for the first time, revealed that the antioxidative effect of Dex is partly associated to the inhibition of intracellular iron accumulation induced by t-BHP. Dex regulates iron metabolism by regulating iron importers and exporters through JNK/Sp1 and Stat4/Sp1 signaling. It is worth investigating whether Dex can protect neurons from ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingqin Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology Gansu People's Hospital
| | - Li Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology Gansu People's Hospital
| | - Qionghua Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology Gansu People's Hospital
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16
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Li A, Zhao J, Fan C, Zhu L, Huang C, Li Q, Gan D, Wen C, Chen M, Lu D. Delivery of exogenous proteins by mesenchymal stem cells attenuates early memory deficits in a murine model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 86:81-91. [PMID: 31837910 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A promising intervention for Alzheimer's disease (AD) would ideally target key pathological factors that are involved in AD pathogenesis. Soluble factors produced by engrafted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mediate potential therapeutic effects in AD. However, these therapeutic benefits are largely hampered by the limited paracrine capacity of MSCs. In this study, we used adenovirus-mediated gene transduction of bone marrow MSCs to deliver exogenous proteins into the brain of APPswe/PSEN1dE9 (APP/PS1) mice in the early stage of impairment. We observed that engrafted MSCs carrying exogenous (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1) alone reduced the production of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-ɑ and improved synapse-related protein expression but not cognitive function. Transplantation of MSCs carrying CX3CL1 and Wnt3a (CX3CL1-Wnt3a-MSC) significantly attenuated the learning and memory impairment when compared with a control group. The improvement of neurobehavioral functions in APP/PS1 mice treated with CX3CL1-Wnt3a-MSC was related to the inhibition of microglial neurotoxicity and promotion of hippocampal neurogenesis. Transplantation of CX3CL1-Wnt3a-MSC also regulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase/activated protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling to inhibit the activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β). Taken together, these results indicate that the delivery of exogenous proteins via MSCs can modulate microglial function and enhance neurogenesis, thereby providing new insights into AD intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chongzhu Fan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihong Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuiqin Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Danhui Gan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Caiyan Wen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengfei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Daxiang Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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17
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Martin L, Derwall M, Al Zoubi S, Zechendorf E, Reuter DA, Thiemermann C, Schuerholz T. Response. Chest 2019; 155:647-648. [PMID: 30846068 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Martin
- Department of Intensive Care and Intermediate Care, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen; William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London.
| | - Matthias Derwall
- Department of Intensive Care and Intermediate Care, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen
| | - Sura Al Zoubi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London
| | - Elisabeth Zechendorf
- Department of Intensive Care and Intermediate Care, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen
| | - Daniel A Reuter
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital Rostock
| | | | - Tobias Schuerholz
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital Rostock
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