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Itzhaki Ben Zadok O, Groarke JD, Caron J, Novak P, Redd RA, Ng A, Neilan TG, Nohria A. Ivabradine in the management of elevated resting heart rate associated with mediastinal radiation therapy. Heart Rhythm 2024; 21:230-232. [PMID: 37967758 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Osnat Itzhaki Ben Zadok
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - John D Groarke
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jesse Caron
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Peter Novak
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert A Redd
- Department of Data Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrea Ng
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tomas G Neilan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anju Nohria
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Gillmore JD, Judge DP, Cappelli F, Fontana M, Garcia-Pavia P, Gibbs S, Grogan M, Hanna M, Hoffman J, Masri A, Maurer MS, Nativi-Nicolau J, Obici L, Poulsen SH, Rockhold F, Shah KB, Soman P, Garg J, Chiswell K, Xu H, Cao X, Lystig T, Sinha U, Fox JC. Efficacy and Safety of Acoramidis in Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 2024; 390:132-142. [PMID: 38197816 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2305434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy is characterized by the deposition of misfolded monomeric transthyretin (TTR) in the heart. Acoramidis is a high-affinity TTR stabilizer that acts to inhibit dissociation of tetrameric TTR and leads to more than 90% stabilization across the dosing interval as measured ex vivo. METHODS In this phase 3, double-blind trial, we randomly assigned patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy in a 2:1 ratio to receive acoramidis hydrochloride at a dose of 800 mg twice daily or matching placebo for 30 months. Efficacy was assessed in the patients who had an estimated glomerular filtration rate of at least 30 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area. The four-step primary hierarchical analysis included death from any cause, cardiovascular-related hospitalization, the change from baseline in the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level, and the change from baseline in the 6-minute walk distance. We used the Finkelstein-Schoenfeld method to compare all potential pairs of patients within strata to generate a P value. Key secondary outcomes were death from any cause, the 6-minute walk distance, the score on the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-Overall Summary, and the serum TTR level. RESULTS A total of 632 patients underwent randomization. The primary analysis favored acoramidis over placebo (P<0.001); the corresponding win ratio was 1.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4 to 2.2), with 63.7% of pairwise comparisons favoring acoramidis and 35.9% favoring placebo. Together, death from any cause and cardiovascular-related hospitalization contributed more than half the wins and losses to the win ratio (58% of all pairwise comparisons); NT-proBNP pairwise comparisons yielded the highest ratio of wins to losses (23.3% vs. 7.0%). The overall incidence of adverse events was similar in the acoramidis group and the placebo group (98.1% and 97.6%, respectively); serious adverse events were reported in 54.6% and 64.9% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS In patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy, the receipt of acoramidis resulted in a significantly better four-step primary hierarchical outcome containing components of mortality, morbidity, and function than placebo. Adverse events were similar in the two groups. (Funded by BridgeBio Pharma; ATTRibute-CM ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03860935.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian D Gillmore
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Daniel P Judge
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Francesco Cappelli
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Marianna Fontana
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Pablo Garcia-Pavia
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Simon Gibbs
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Martha Grogan
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Mazen Hanna
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - James Hoffman
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Ahmad Masri
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Mathew S Maurer
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Jose Nativi-Nicolau
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Laura Obici
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Steen Hvitfeldt Poulsen
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Frank Rockhold
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Keyur B Shah
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Prem Soman
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Jyotsna Garg
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Karen Chiswell
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Haolin Xu
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Xiaofan Cao
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Ted Lystig
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Uma Sinha
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
| | - Jonathan C Fox
- From the National Amyloidosis Centre, Division of Medicine, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London (J.D.G., M.F.); the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (D.P.J.); Tuscan Regional Amyloidosis Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Florence (F.C.), and the Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia (L.O.) - both in Italy; the Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Centro de Investigacíon Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovaculares, and Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (P.G.-P.) - both in Madrid; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart, Amsterdam (P.G.-P.); the Victorian and Tasmanian Amyloidosis Service, Department of Haematology, Monash University Eastern Health Clinical School, Box Hill, VIC, Australia (S.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (M.G.); the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (M.H.); the Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami (J.H.), and the Amyloidosis Program, Department of Transplant, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville (J.N.-N.) - both in Florida; the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (A.M.); the Cardiac Amyloidosis Program, Division of Cardiology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (M.S.M.); the Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (S.H.P.); Duke Clinical Research Institute (F.R., J.G., K.C., H.X.) and Duke University Medical Center (F.R.) - both in Durham, NC; the Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (K.B.S.); the Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh (P.S.); and Eidos Therapeutics affiliate of BridgeBio Pharma, San Francisco (X.C., T.L., U.S., J.C.F.)
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Harris E. Semaglutide Improved Cardiovascular Health in People Without Diabetes. JAMA 2023; 330:2241-2242. [PMID: 38019508 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.23508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
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She PF, Yang YF, Li LH, Zhou LY, Wu Y. [Antimicrobials discovery against Staphylococcus aureus by high throughput screening of drug library]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:1855-1861. [PMID: 38008577 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230418-00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
To develop antimicrobials against Staphylococcus aureus by high throughput screening of drug library. The type of this study is experimental research. The clinical isolates of S. aureus were collected from the sputum samples of respiratory inpatient department of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. The anti-planktonic cells growth inhibition activity of FDA-approved drugs library (including 1 573 molecules) was assessed by building a planktonic cells screening platform; The biofilm inhibitory effect of the FDA-approved drugs was detected by building a biofilm screening platform combined with crystal violet staining; Minimal inhibitory concentrations of the selected hits were determined by broth microdilution assay. Finally, the cytotoxicity of the selected hits was detected by CCK-8 assay. The results showed that 218 hits were exhibited effective growth inhibitory effects against S. aureus by setting the concentrations of the molecules in the FDA-approved library to 100 μmol/L. These selected molecules are mainly anti-infective drugs, accounting for 118 hits; Followed by anti-cancer drugs, anti-inflammatory/-immune drugs, neurological drugs, cardiovascular drugs, endocrine drugs, and metabolic disease drugs, which accounts for 40, 19, 12, 9, 8, and 3 hits; Other unclassified drugs accounts for 9 hits. The top 10 hits exhibiting anti-planktonic cells activity against S. aureus were mainly including antitumor drugs, followed by neurological drugs and unclassified drugs like vitamin K3 with the inhibition rate of 99.65%-100%. Similarly, the top 10 hits showing biofilm inhibitory effects against S. aureus were also mainly including antitumor drugs, followed by neurological drugs and anti-inflammatory/-immune drugs with the inhibition rate of 50.22%-92.95%. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the 51 hits by second round screening was determined by micro-dilution assay, which mainly include the antitumor drugs, cardiovascular drugs, endocrine drugs, anti-inflammatory/-immune drugs, metabolic disease drugs, neurological drugs and other unclassified drugs accounted for 22, 5, 3, 9, 2, 5 and 5 hits, respectively, with the MICs of 1.56-50 μmol/L, 6.25-25 μmol/L, 6.25-25 μmol/L, 0.2-50 μmol/L, 25-50 μmol/L, 1.56-50 μmol/L and 0.1-12.5 μmol/L, respectively. In conclusion, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of small molecules screened through high-throughput assay are at the level of micromolar with strong drug development potential and high modifiability. The high effective anti-planktonic cells and anti-biofilm activity by these molecules are expected to provide new ideas for the development of new antimicrobials against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F She
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Y F Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - L H Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - L Y Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine (the First Hospital of Changsha), Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Y Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine (the First Hospital of Changsha), Central South University, Changsha 410005, China
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Böhm M, Abdin A, Slawik J, Mahfoud F, Borer J, Ford I, Swedberg K, Tavazzi L, Batailler C, Komajda M. Time to benefit of heart rate reduction with ivabradine in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail 2023; 25:1429-1435. [PMID: 37092340 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS In the SHIFT (Systolic Heart failure treatment with the If inhibitor ivabradine Trial, ISRCTN70429960) study, ivabradine reduced cardiovascular death or heart failure (HF) hospitalizations in patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in sinus rhythm and with a heart rate (HR) ≥70 bpm. In this study, we sought to determine the clinical significance of the time durations of HR reduction and the significant treatment effect on outcomes among patients with HFrEF. METHODS AND RESULTS The time to statistically significant reduction of the primary outcome (HF hospitalization and cardiovascular death) and its components, all-cause death, and HF death, were assessed in a post-hoc analysis of the SHIFT trial in the overall population (HR ≥70 bpm) and at HR ≥75 bpm, representing the approved label in many countries. Compared to placebo, the primary outcome and HF hospitalizations were significantly reduced at 102 days, while there was no effect on cardiovascular death, all-cause death, and HF death at HR ≥70 bpm. In the population with a baseline HR ≥75 bpm, a reduction of the primary outcome occurred after 67 days, HF hospitalization after 78 days, cardiovascular death after 169 days, death from HF after 157 days and all-cause death after 169 days. CONCLUSION Treatment with ivabradine should not be deferred in patients in sinus rhythm with a HR of ≥70 bpm to reduce the primary outcome and HF hospitalizations, in particular in patients with HR ≥75 bpm. At HR ≥75 bpm, the time to risk reduction was shorter for reduction of hospitalization and mortality outcomes in patients with HFrEF after initiation of guideline-directed medication, including beta-blockers at maximally tolerated doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Böhm
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Amr Abdin
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Jonathan Slawik
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Felix Mahfoud
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Jeffrey Borer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Howard Gilman Institute for Heart Valve Disease, State, University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Ian Ford
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Karl Swedberg
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Luigi Tavazzi
- Ettore Sansavini Health Science Foundation, Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Cotignola (RA), Italy
| | - Cécile Batailler
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Suresnes, France
| | - Michel Komajda
- Department of Cardiology, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph Paris, Paris Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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6
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Joury A. Optimizing heart rate with ivabradine in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: Insights from a post-hoc analysis of the SHIFT trial. Eur J Heart Fail 2023; 25:1436-1438. [PMID: 37370184 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Joury
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Cardiology McGill University, Health Centre McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- DREAM-CV Laboratory McGill University Health Centre McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- King Salman Heart Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Arena K, Trovato E, Mangraviti D, Occhiuto C, Rigano F, Occhiuto F, Cacciola F, Mondello L. Metabolomic profiling and antianginal activity of the bark of Sterculia setigera from Mali. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 230:115399. [PMID: 37084664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
The present work focuses on the phytochemical characterization and evaluation of antianginal activity of the bark of Sterculia setigera. It was collected and authenticated in the African region of Mali, where the local population largely employs this plant for the treatment of several diseases. In the context of traditional or folk medicine and recent progresses in alternative medicine practices, it is essential to expand the knowledge about the chemical composition of such medicinal plants. In this research, a direct-Mass Spectrometry (MS) technique, known as Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry (REIMS) was used for the identification of the main constituents of the Sterculia setigera bark. The REIMS source is here coupled with an electroknife as sampling device, so that the dried and pulverized bark was directly cut through the electroknife to generate a vapor, which was online transferred to the source via a Venture tube. In this way, an ambient MS approach was realized, which avoids any sample preparation procedure or pretreatment; the sample was analyzed in its native state according to a time-saving analytical process. A quadrupole-time of flight MS/MS analyzer was exploited for the identification process, based on mass accuracy data and MS/MS experiments for structure elucidation purposes. Lipids, including triterpenes, fatty acids, γ-sitosterol and α-tocopherol, and phenolic compounds were identified, some of them reported for the first time in a plant of the Sterculia genus and further confirmed through a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The obtained metabolomic profile was successfully correlated to the antianginal activity of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Arena
- Foundation A. Imbesi c/o University of Messina, I-98168 Messina, Italy; Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Trovato
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Domenica Mangraviti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Cristina Occhiuto
- Foundation A. Imbesi c/o University of Messina, I-98168 Messina, Italy; Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Rigano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy.
| | - Francesco Occhiuto
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Cacciola
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; Department of Sciences and Technologies for Human and Environment, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128, Rome, Italy
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8
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Zhou Z, Peng H, Li J, Chen Z, Huo J, Zhou T. Real-time monitoring of the contractile properties of H9C2 cardiomyocytes by double resonator piezoelectric cytometry. Anal Methods 2023; 15:2839-2852. [PMID: 37272335 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00254c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Testing the mechanical properties of cardiomyocytes plays an important role in the study of the physiological and pathological processes of constant contraction and diastole of the cardiovascular system. However, there is currently no satisfactory and dynamic technology to measure the mechanical properties of cardiomyocytes in a sustained manner, greatly affecting their practical application in clinical diagnosis and treatment evaluation. Herein, a double resonator piezoelectric cytometry (DRPC) technique was employed for dynamic monitoring of H9C2 cardiomyocyte adhesion and the effects of two cardiovascular drugs on the contractile properties of H9C2 cardiomyocytes, i.e., isoprenaline (ISO, a positive inotropic agent) and verapamil (VRP, a negative inotropic agent). Specifically, we used 9 MHz AT and BT-cut bare gold and transparent ITO electrodes and compared their dynamic adhesion to the two electrodes modified with RGD and gelatin respectively versus unmodified to measure the cell generated stress (ΔS) exerted on the quartz crystal surface by a population of cells and the cell viscoelastic index (CVI). We found that the DRPC technique can quantitatively measure the magnitude and direction of the generated forces during the adhesion process of the cells and under the effect of drugs. In conclusion, the technique presented in this study can be used for the simultaneous measurement of cell adhesion, traction force and viscoelasticity of living cells in a noninvasive, dynamic and continuous way, making it an ideal tool for assessing the population contractility of cardiomyocytes and evaluating the efficacy and toxicity of cardiovascular drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhou
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Cell Mechanics and Function Analysis, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hange Peng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Cell Mechanics and Function Analysis, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jiali Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Cell Mechanics and Function Analysis, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Cell Mechanics and Function Analysis, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jingyi Huo
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Cell Mechanics and Function Analysis, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Tiean Zhou
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Cell Mechanics and Function Analysis, Changsha 410128, China
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9
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Dogan Z, Durmus S, Ergun DD, Gelisgen R, Uzun H. Ranolazine exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:2953-2963. [PMID: 37070896 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202304_31927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ranolazine on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and oxidative stress in H9c2 cardiomyocyte cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have assessed the effects of increasing concentrations of methotrexate (MTX) and ranolazine on proliferation of H9c2 rat cardiomyocyte cells by MTT assay. Malondialdehyde (MDA) protein oxidation [advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs)], lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) and xanthine oxidase (XO) activity as oxidative stress markers and HIF-1α levels increased and total thiol (T-SH), catalase (CAT) activity and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) antioxidant capacity markers decreased in MTX-treated cells compared to control cells. RESULTS Oxidative stress markers decreased, and antioxidant capacity markers increased in cells treated with ranolazine alone compared to control cells. For all parameters, we showed that the levels of oxidant, antioxidant markers and HIF-1α in cells treated with MTX and ranolazine together reached the level of the control group, and ranolazine reversed the oxidative damage caused by MTX. CONCLUSIONS The cell viability increased the levels of oxidant and prooxidant markers and decreased the levels of antioxidant markers decreased in H9c2 cardiomyocytes induced by oxidative stress. These results suggest that ranolazine may protect the cardiomyocytes from MTX-induced oxidative damage. The effects of ranolazine could result from its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Dogan
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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10
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Xu D, Xiao H, Wang S, Li H, Chen HJ, Liu C, Hu N. Universal and Sensitive Drug Assessment Biosensing Platform Using Optimal Mechanical Beating Detection of Single Cardiomyocyte. ACS Nano 2022; 16:15484-15494. [PMID: 36094397 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The preclinical assessment of efficacy and safety is essential for cardiovascular drug development in order to guarantee effective prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease and avoid human health endangerment and a huge waste of resources. Rhythmic mechanical beating as one of the crucial cardiomyocyte properties has been exploited to establish a drug assessment biosensing platform. However, the conventional label-free biosensing platforms are difficult to perform high-throughput and high-resolution mechanical beating detection for a single cardiomyocyte, while label-based strategies are limited by pharmacologically adverse effects and phototoxicity. Herein, we propose a biosensing platform involving the multichannel electrode array device and the universal mechanical beating detection system. The platform can determine the optimal characteristic working frequency of different devices and dynamically interrogate the viability of multisite single cardiomyocytes to establish the optimized cell-based model for sensitive drug assessment. The subtle changes of mechanical beating signals induced by cardiovascular drugs can be detected by the platform, thereby demonstrating its high performance in pharmacological assessment. The universal and sensitive drug assessment biosensing platform is believed to be widely applied in cardiology investigating and preclinical drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongbo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuzhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hui-Jiuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ning Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311200, China
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
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11
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Lewis GD, Voors AA, Cohen-Solal A, Metra M, Whellan DJ, Ezekowitz JA, Böhm M, Teerlink JR, Docherty KF, Lopes RD, Divanji PH, Heitner SB, Kupfer S, Malik FI, Meng L, Wohltman A, Felker GM. Effect of Omecamtiv Mecarbil on Exercise Capacity in Chronic Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: The METEORIC-HF Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2022; 328:259-269. [PMID: 35852527 PMCID: PMC9297119 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2022.11016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Exercise limitation is a cardinal manifestation of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) but is not consistently improved by any of the current guideline-directed medical therapies. OBJECTIVE To determine whether omecamtiv mecarbil, a novel direct myosin activator that improves cardiac performance and reduces the risk for cardiovascular death or first HF event in HFrEF, can improve peak exercise capacity in patients with chronic HFrEF. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial of patients with HFrEF (left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35%), New York Heart Association class II-III symptoms, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level of 200 pg/mL or greater, and baseline peak oxygen uptake (V̇o2) of 75% or less of predicted. Patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio (omecamtiv mecarbil to placebo) between March 2019 and May 2021 at 63 sites in North America and Europe, with the last patient visit occurring on November 29, 2021. INTERVENTIONS Omecamtiv mecarbil (n = 185) or matching placebo (n = 91), given orally twice daily at a dose of 25 mg, 37.5 mg, or 50 mg based on target plasma levels, for 20 weeks. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary end point was a change in exercise capacity (peak V̇o2) from baseline to week 20. Secondary end points included total workload, ventilatory efficiency, and daily physical activity as determined by accelerometry. RESULTS Among 276 patients who were randomized (median age, 64 years; IQR, 55-70 years; 42 women [15%]), 249 (90%) completed the trial. The median left ventricular ejection fraction was 28% (IQR, 21-33) and the median baseline peak V̇o2 was 14.2 mL/kg/min (IQR, 11.6-17.4) in the omecamtiv mecarbil group and 15.0 mL/kg/min (IQR, 12.0-17.2) in the placebo group. Mean change in peak V̇o2 did not differ significantly between the omecamtiv mecarbil and placebo groups (mean, -0.24 mL/kg/min vs 0.21 mL/kg/min; least square mean difference, -0.45 mL/kg/min [95% CI, -1.02 to 0.13]; P = .13). Adverse events included dizziness (omecamtiv mecarbil: 4.9%, placebo: 5.5%), fatigue (omecamtiv mecarbil: 4.9%, placebo: 4.4%), heart failure events (omecamtiv mecarbil: 4.9%, placebo: 4.4%), death (omecamtiv mecarbil: 1.6%, placebo: 1.1%), stroke (omecamtiv mecarbil: 0.5%, placebo: 1.1%), and myocardial infarction (omecamtiv mecarbil: 0%, placebo: 1.1%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In patients with chronic HFrEF, omecamtiv mecarbil did not significantly improve exercise capacity over 20 weeks compared with placebo. These findings do not support the use of omecamtiv mecarbil for treatment of HFrEF for improvement of exercise capacity. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03759392.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriaan A. Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alain Cohen-Solal
- Paris University, UMR-S 942, Department of Cardiology, Lariboisiere Hospital, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marco Metra
- Cardiology, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - David J. Whellan
- Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Michael Böhm
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Saarland University, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - John R. Teerlink
- Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California, San Francisco
| | - Kieran F. Docherty
- BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Renato D. Lopes
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | | | - Stuart Kupfer
- Cytokinetics, Incorporated, South San Francisco, California
| | - Fady I. Malik
- Cytokinetics, Incorporated, South San Francisco, California
| | - Lisa Meng
- Cytokinetics, Incorporated, South San Francisco, California
| | - Amy Wohltman
- Cytokinetics, Incorporated, South San Francisco, California
| | - G. Michael Felker
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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12
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Shah R, Nayyar M, Le FK, Labroo A, Nasr A, Rashid A, Davis DA, Weintraub WS, Boden WE. A meta-analysis of optimal medical therapy with or without percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Coron Artery Dis 2022; 33:91-97. [PMID: 33878073 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000001041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) improves clinical outcomes in patients with chronic angina and stable coronary artery disease (CAD) has been a continuing area of investigation for more than two decades. The recently reported results of the International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness with Medical and Invasive Approaches, the largest prospective trial of optimal medical therapy (OMT) with or without myocardial revascularization, provides a unique opportunity to determine whether there is an incremental benefit of revascularization in stable CAD patients. METHODS Scientific databases and websites were searched to find randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Pooled risk ratios were calculated using the random-effects model. RESULTS Data from 10 RCTs comprising 12 125 patients showed that PCI, when added to OMT, were not associated with lower all-cause mortality (risk ratios, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.87-1.08), cardiovascular mortality (risk ratios, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.79-1.05) or myocardial infarction (MI) (risk ratios, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.78-1.04) as compared with OMT alone. However, OMT+PCI was associated with improved anginal symptoms and a lower risk for revascularization (risk ratios, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.37-0.75). CONCLUSIONS In patient with chronic stable CAD (without left main disease or reduced ejection fraction), PCI in addition to OMT did not improve mortality or MI compared to OMT alone. However, this strategy is associated with a lower rate of revascularization and improved anginal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahman Shah
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
- Department of Cardiology, Gulf Coast Medical center, Alabama University of Osteopathic Medicine, Panama City, Florida
| | - Mannu Nayyar
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Francis K Le
- Department of Cardiology, Gulf Coast Medical center, Alabama University of Osteopathic Medicine, Panama City, Florida
| | - Ajay Labroo
- Department of Cardiology, Gulf Coast Medical center, Alabama University of Osteopathic Medicine, Panama City, Florida
| | - Abrar Nasr
- Department of Biology, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Abdul Rashid
- Department of Cardiology, University of Tennessee, Jackson, Tennessee
| | - Donnie A Davis
- Department of Cardiology, Gulf Coast Medical center, Alabama University of Osteopathic Medicine, Panama City, Florida
| | | | - William E Boden
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs (VA) New England Healthcare System, Boston University
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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13
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Qiao P, Zhang B, Liu X, Xu J, Li X. Effects of Escin on Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis of H9c2 Cells Induced by H 2O 2. Dis Markers 2022; 2022:7765353. [PMID: 35126791 PMCID: PMC8813268 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7765353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myocardial infarction (MI) is a serious heart health problem in the world with a high mortality rate. Our study is mainly aimed at validating the antioxidative stress and antiapoptotic effects of escin in a H2O2-induced cardiomyocyte injury model. METHODS H9c2 cells were divided into control group, H2O2 treatment group, and H2O2+escin group. We studied the effect of escin on H9c2 cells and its mechanism by flow cytometry, real-time PCR, CCK-8 assay and Western blot. Cell morphology was observed by cell staining and optical microscopy. RESULTS We found that the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the H2O2 treatment group was significantly elevated, while the high level of ROS was significantly reversed after treatment with escin. The protein levels of SOD1, SOD2, Bcl-2, and IκB-α in the H2O2 treatment group were significantly decreased compared with the H2O2+escin group, and the Bax, TNF-α, IL-1β, p65, and IκKα protein expressions were greatly higher than those in the H2O2+escin group. And the results of PCR were also consistent with those. TUNEL-positive cells also decreased significantly when treated with escin. Flow cytometry showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells decreased greatly after treatment of escin. Through IL-1β immunofluorescence, the fluorescence intensity of the H2O2 treatment group was greatly higher compared with that of the control group, but escin reversed this effect. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that escin inhibits H2O2-induced H9c2 cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses via the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qiao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | | | - Xueni Liu
- Critical Care Medicine, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Medical Security Center, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xuehan Li
- Department of Geriatric, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
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14
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Yang D, Dai X, Xing Y, Tang X, Yang G, Harrison AG, Cahoon J, Li H, Lv X, Yu X, Wang P, Wang H. Intrinsic cardiac adrenergic cells contribute to LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction. Commun Biol 2022; 5:96. [PMID: 35079095 PMCID: PMC8789803 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03007-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic cardiac adrenergic (ICA) cells regulate both developing and adult cardiac physiological and pathological processes. However, the role of ICA cells in septic cardiomyopathy is unknown. Here we show that norepinephrine (NE) secretion from ICA cells is increased through activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) to aggravate myocardial TNF-α production and dysfunction by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In ICA cells, LPS activated TLR4-MyD88/TRIF-AP-1 signaling that promoted NE biosynthesis through expression of tyrosine hydroxylase, but did not trigger TNF-α production due to impairment of p65 translocation. In a co-culture consisting of LPS-treated ICA cells and cardiomyocytes, the upregulation and secretion of NE from ICA cells activated cardiomyocyte β1-adrenergic receptor driving Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) to crosstalk with NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Importantly, blockade of ICA cell-derived NE prevented LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction. Our findings suggest that ICA cells may be a potential therapeutic target for septic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duomeng Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaomeng Dai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Xing
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangxu Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Pathogen biology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Andrew G Harrison
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Jason Cahoon
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Hongmei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuxiu Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Penghua Wang
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Huadong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
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15
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Cao X, Liu H, Zhou M, Chen X, Long D. Comparative efficacy of five Chinese medicine injections for treating dilated cardiomyopathy with heart failure: A Bayesian network meta-analysis. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 282:114604. [PMID: 34499964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chinese medicine injections (CMIs) are widely used by clinicians in China as an adjuvant treatment in dilated cardiomyopathy with heart failure (DCM-HF). However, comprehensive and systematic evidence supporting the beneficial effects of CMIs combined with Western medicine (WM) against DCM-HF was lacking. OBJECTIVE This network meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of five different CMIs in the treatment of DCM-HF. METHODS The Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Allied and Alternative Medieine Database (AMED), Chinese Biological Medicine Database (CBM), Wanfang Database, and Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP) were comprehensively searched from their inception to March 10, 2020, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on the use of CMIs combined with WM to treat DCM-HF. The quality of the included RCTs was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0. Bayesian network meta-analysis were designed to access the effectiveness of different CMIs. RESULTS A total of 38 eligible RCTs involving 3247 patients were enrolled. The study showed that Huangqi injection, Shengmai injection, Shenfu injection, Shenmai injection, and Xinmailong injection combined with WM significantly improved performance compared with WM alone in treating DCM-HF. Xinmailong injection + WM had the highest likelihood of being the best treatment in terms of the improvement in the clinical effectiveness rate, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, and 6-min walking distance. Huangqi injection + WM had the highest probability of being the best treatment on account of the enhancement of left ventricular ejection fraction. Shenmai injection + WM had the highest likelihood of being the best treatment considering the improvement in cardiac output and the reduction in brain natriuretic peptide. CONCLUSIONS The combination between CMIs and WM exerted a more positive effect in DCM-HF treatment. Xinmailong injection + WM had the best performance in treating DCM-HF, followed by Shenmai injection and Huangqi injection. However, due to the low qualities of the original studies, more high-quality studies are needed to support the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfu Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Hongxu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Mingxue Zhou
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Xiufen Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100248, China.
| | - Dehuai Long
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
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16
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Qiu Y, Meng L, Chao C, Wang L, Wang Y, Liu T, Fu Y, Li Y, Song Y, Guo Y, Niu Q, Zhang J, Yin Y, Li P. The novel function of citronellal for antidiabetic cardiomyopathy. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:1731-1735. [PMID: 34596208 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 450003, China
| | - Liuwei Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 450003, China
- HuangHuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Chunyan Chao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 450003, China
- HuangHuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China
| | - Ling Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Puyang County People's Hospital, Puyang 457100, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 450003, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
| | - Tianheng Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 450003, China
| | - Yutian Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 450003, China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 450003, China
| | - Yuting Song
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 450003, China
| | - Yaqi Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 450003, China
| | - Qianqian Niu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 450003, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 450003, China
| | - Yaling Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 450003, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang 450003, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang 450003, China
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17
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Methner C, Cao Z, Mishra A, Kaul S. Mechanism and potential treatment of the "no reflow" phenomenon after acute myocardial infarction: role of pericytes and GPR39. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H1030-H1041. [PMID: 34623177 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00312.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The "no reflow" phenomenon, where the coronary artery is patent after treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) but tissue perfusion is not restored, is associated with worse outcome. The mechanism of no reflow is unknown. We hypothesized that pericytes contraction, in an attempt to maintain a constant capillary hydrostatic pressure during reduced coronary perfusion pressure, causes capillary constriction leading to no reflow and that this effect is mediated through the orphan receptor, GPR39, present in pericytes. We created AMI (coronary occlusion followed by reperfusion) in GPR39 knock out mice and littermate controls. In a separate set of experiments, we treated wild-type mice undergoing coronary occlusion with vehicle or VC43, a specific inhibitor of GPR39, before reperfusion. We found that no reflow zones were significantly smaller in the GPR39 knockouts compared with controls. Both no reflow and infarct size were also markedly smaller in animals treated with VC43 compared with vehicle. Immunohistochemistry revealed greater capillary density and larger capillary diameter at pericyte locations in the GPR39-knockout and VC43-treated mice compared with controls. We conclude that GPR39-mediated pericyte contraction during reduced coronary perfusion pressure causes capillary constriction resulting in no reflow during AMI and that smaller no reflow zones in GPR39-knockout and VC43-treated animals are associated with smaller infarct sizes. These results elucidate the mechanism of no reflow in AMI, as well as providing a therapeutic pathway for the condition.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The mechanism of "no reflow" phenomenon, where the coronary artery is patent after treatment of acute myocardial infarction but tissue perfusion is not restored, is unknown. This condition is associated with worse outcome. Here, we show that GPR39-mediated pericyte contraction during reduced coronary perfusion pressure causes capillary constriction resulting in no reflow. Smaller no-reflow zones in GPR39-knockout animals and those treated with a GPR39 inhibitor are associated with smaller infarct size. These results could have important therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Methner
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Zhiping Cao
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Anusha Mishra
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Sanjiv Kaul
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
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Sun Y, Wang Z, Wang C, Tang Z, Zhao H. Psycho-cardiology therapeutic effects of Shuangxinfang in rats with depression-behavior post acute myocardial infarction: Focus on protein S100A9 from proteomics. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112303. [PMID: 34673424 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive disorders induced by acute myocardial infarction (AMI) play a pivotal role in the deterioration of cardiac function, and Shuangxinfang (Psycho-cardiology Formula, PCF) was reported to alleviate heart function damage and improve depression-like behavior, but the complex mechanism in such process has not been clarified. METHODS AMI models were established and PCF was administered in rats. Subjects were then assessed in open field test (OFT) and forced swimming test (FST) recapitulating symptoms of depressive disorder. Afterward, pharmacoproteomic profiling of the hippocampus and peri-infarct border zone (BZ) was performed using a label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technique, to identify contributing proteins and pathways responsible for myocardial ischemia and behavioral allostasis. Bioinformatics analysis was processed for further investigation, while western blotting was employed for testing dominating proteins to validate proteomic results. RESULTS Rats in the AMI group showed depression-like behavior in OFT and FST, which was improved by PCF. There were 131 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in BZ and 64 proteins in the hippocampus being detected and quantified shared by the sham group, the AMI group, and the PCF group. Subsequently, pertinent pathways and molecular functions were further identified. Altered molecules were discovered to be enriched in the apoptotic process, innate immune response, and NF-κB transcription factor activity in BZ, as well as chemical synaptic transmission, axon, collagen binding, cell adhesion, response to carbohydrate, laminin binding, and cellular response to nitric oxide in the hippocampus. Groups of signal transducers were also able to select multiple pathways, including innate immunity and arginine biosynthesis in the heart, also integrin signaling in the brain. DEPs were intersected from the myocardium and hippocampus to screen out the protein S100A9, which was up-regulated in the AMI group compared with the sham, and showed a down-regulation trend after treatment with PCF. CONCLUSION Taken together, we present a comprehensive proteomics analysis of rat models with depression post-AMI. Reviewing the literatures concerned, it's hypothesized that macrophage/microglia inflammation mediated by S100A9 might be the pivotal pathogenic process of psycho-cardiology disease, as well as potential mechanisms for the treatment of PCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Sun
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zheyi Wang
- Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhuoran Tang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haibin Zhao
- The DongFang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China.
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19
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Kawada T, Yamamoto H, Miyamoto T, Hayama Y, Li M, Zheng C, Uemura K, Sugimachi M, Saku K. Ivabradine increases the high frequency gain ratio in the vagal heart rate transfer function via an interaction with muscarinic potassium channels. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15134. [PMID: 34889074 PMCID: PMC8661101 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscarinic potassium channels (IK,ACh ) are thought to contribute to the high frequency (HF) dynamic heart rate (HR) response to vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) because they act faster than the pathway mediated by hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels. However, the interactions between the two pathways have not yet been fully elucidated. We previously demonstrated that HCN channel blockade by ivabradine (IVA) increased the HF gain ratio of the transfer function from VNS to HR. To test the hypothesis that IVA increases the HF gain ratio via an interaction with IK,ACh , we examined the dynamic HR response to VNS under conditions of control (CNT), IK,ACh blockade by tertiapin-Q (TQ, 50 nM/kg), and TQ plus IVA (2 mg/kg) (TQ + IVA) in anesthetized rats (n = 8). In each condition, the right vagal nerve was stimulated for 10 min with binary white noise signals between 0-10, 0-20, and 0-40 Hz. On multiple regression analysis, the HF gain ratio positively correlated with the VNS rate with a coefficient of 1.691 ± 0.151 (×0.01) (p < 0.001). TQ had a negative effect on the HF gain ratio with a coefficient of -1.170 ± 0.214 (×0.01) (p < 0.001). IVA did not significantly increase the HF gain ratio in the presence of TQ. The HF gain ratio remained low under the TQ + IVA condition compared to controls. These results affirm that the IVA-induced increase in the HF gain ratio is dependent on the untethering of the hyperpolarizing effect of IK,ACh .
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Kawada
- Department of Cardiovascular DynamicsNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Hiromi Yamamoto
- Department of CardiologyKurashiki Central HospitalOhara HealthCare FoundationOkayamaJapan
- Division of Clinical ResearchKurashiki Clinical Research InstituteOhara HealthCare FoundationOkayamaJapan
| | - Tadayoshi Miyamoto
- Department of Sport and Health SciencesFaculty of Sport and Health ScienceOsaka Sangyo UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Yohsuke Hayama
- Department of Cardiovascular DynamicsNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Meihua Li
- Department of Cardiovascular DynamicsNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Can Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular DynamicsNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Kazunori Uemura
- Department of Cardiovascular DynamicsNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Masaru Sugimachi
- Department of Cardiovascular DynamicsNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterOsakaJapan
| | - Keita Saku
- Department of Cardiovascular DynamicsNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular CenterOsakaJapan
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20
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Li Y, Zhou WW, Sun JH, Yang HX, Xu GR, Zhang Y, Song QH, Zhang C, Liu WZ, Liu XC, Li AY. Modified citrus pectin prevents isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy associated with p38 signalling and TLR4/JAK/STAT3 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112178. [PMID: 34649308 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Modified citrus pectin (MCP) is a specific inhibitor of galectin-3 (Gal-3) that is regarded as a new biomarker of cardiac hypertrophy, but its effect is unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the role and mechanism of MCP in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Rats were injected with ISO to induce cardiac hypertrophy and treated with MCP. Cardiac function was detected by ECG and echocardiography. Pathomorphological changes were evaluated by the haematoxylin eosin (H&E) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining. The hypertrophy-related genes for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC), and the associated signal molecules were analysed by qRT-PCR and western blotting. The results show that MCP prevented cardiac hypertrophy and ameliorated cardiac dysfunction and structural disorder. MCP also decreased the levels of ANP, BNP, and β-MHC and inhibited the expression of Gal-3 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Additionally, MCP blocked the phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), but it promoted the phosphorylation of p38. Thus, MCP prevented ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy by activating p38 signalling and inhibiting the Gal-3/TLR4/JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Jia-Huan Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Hong-Xia Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Geng-Rui Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang 050091, Hebei, China
| | - Qiu-Hang Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang 050091, Hebei, China
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Wei-Zhe Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Xing-Chao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; Hebei Higher Education Institute Applied Technology Research Center on TCM Formula Preparation, Shijiazhuang 050091, Hebei, China.
| | - Ai-Ying Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, Hebei, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang 050091, Hebei, China; Hebei Higher Education Institute Applied Technology Research Center on TCM Formula Preparation, Shijiazhuang 050091, Hebei, China.
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21
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Iqbal J, Chamberlain J, Alfaidi M, Hughes M, Alizadeh T, Casbolt H, Evans P, Mann B, Motterlini R, Francis S, Gunn J. Carbon Monoxide Releasing Molecule A1 Reduces Myocardial Damage After Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Porcine Model. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:e656-e661. [PMID: 34328710 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Infarct size is a major determinant of outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CORMs), which deliver nanomolar concentrations of carbon monoxide to tissues, have been shown to reduce infarct size in rodents. We evaluated efficacy and safety of CORM-A1 to reduce infarct size in a clinically relevant porcine model of AMI. We induced AMI in Yorkshire White pigs by inflating a coronary angioplasty balloon to completely occlude the left anterior descending artery for 60 minutes, followed by deflation of the balloon to mimic reperfusion. Fifteen minutes after balloon occlusion, animals were given an infusion of 4.27 mM CORM-A1 (n = 7) or sodium borate control (n = 6) over 60 minutes. Infarct size, cardiac biomarkers, ejection fraction, and hepatic and renal function were compared amongst the groups. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed to compare inflammation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis between the groups. CORM-A1-treated animals had significant reduction in absolute infarct area (158 ± 16 vs. 510 ± 91 mm2, P < 0.001) and infarct area corrected for area at risk (24.8% ± 2.6% vs. 45.2% ± 4.0%, P < 0.0001). Biochemical markers of myocardial injury also tended to be lower and left ventricular function tended to recover better in the CORM-A1 treated group. There was no evidence of hepatic or renal toxicity with the doses used. The cardioprotective effects of CORM-A1 were associated with a significant reduction in cell proliferation and inflammation. CORM-A1 reduces infarct size and improves left ventricular remodeling and function in a porcine model of reperfused MI by a reduction in inflammation. These potential cardioprotective effects of CORMs warrant further translational investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaid Iqbal
- Cardiology Department, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Janet Chamberlain
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Mabruka Alfaidi
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Hughes
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Tooba Alizadeh
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Casbolt
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Evans
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Mann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom ; and
| | | | - Sheila Francis
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Gunn
- Cardiology Department, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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22
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Andersen LW, Isbye D, Kjærgaard J, Kristensen CM, Darling S, Zwisler ST, Fisker S, Schmidt JC, Kirkegaard H, Grejs AM, Rossau JRG, Larsen JM, Rasmussen BS, Riddersholm S, Iversen K, Schultz M, Nielsen JL, Løfgren B, Lauridsen KG, Sølling C, Pælestik K, Kjærgaard AG, Due-Rasmussen D, Folke F, Charlot MG, Jepsen RMHG, Wiberg S, Donnino M, Kurth T, Høybye M, Sindberg B, Holmberg MJ, Granfeldt A. Effect of Vasopressin and Methylprednisolone vs Placebo on Return of Spontaneous Circulation in Patients With In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2021; 326:1586-1594. [PMID: 34587236 PMCID: PMC8482303 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2021.16628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Previous trials have suggested that vasopressin and methylprednisolone administered during in-hospital cardiac arrest might improve outcomes. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the combination of vasopressin and methylprednisolone administered during in-hospital cardiac arrest improves return of spontaneous circulation. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted at 10 hospitals in Denmark. A total of 512 adult patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest were included between October 15, 2018, and January 21, 2021. The last 90-day follow-up was on April 21, 2021. INTERVENTION Patients were randomized to receive a combination of vasopressin and methylprednisolone (n = 245) or placebo (n = 267). The first dose of vasopressin (20 IU) and methylprednisolone (40 mg), or corresponding placebo, was administered after the first dose of epinephrine. Additional doses of vasopressin or corresponding placebo were administered after each additional dose of epinephrine for a maximum of 4 doses. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was return of spontaneous circulation. Secondary outcomes included survival and favorable neurologic outcome at 30 days (Cerebral Performance Category score of 1 or 2). RESULTS Among 512 patients who were randomized, 501 met all inclusion and no exclusion criteria and were included in the analysis (mean [SD] age, 71 [13] years; 322 men [64%]). One hundred of 237 patients (42%) in the vasopressin and methylprednisolone group and 86 of 264 patients (33%) in the placebo group achieved return of spontaneous circulation (risk ratio, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.03-1.63]; risk difference, 9.6% [95% CI, 1.1%-18.0%]; P = .03). At 30 days, 23 patients (9.7%) in the intervention group and 31 patients (12%) in the placebo group were alive (risk ratio, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.50-1.37]; risk difference: -2.0% [95% CI, -7.5% to 3.5%]; P = .48). A favorable neurologic outcome was observed in 18 patients (7.6%) in the intervention group and 20 patients (7.6%) in the placebo group at 30 days (risk ratio, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.55-1.83]; risk difference, 0.0% [95% CI, -4.7% to 4.9%]; P > .99). In patients with return of spontaneous circulation, hyperglycemia occurred in 77 (77%) in the intervention group and 63 (73%) in the placebo group. Hypernatremia occurred in 28 (28%) and 27 (31%), in the intervention and placebo groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest, administration of vasopressin and methylprednisolone, compared with placebo, significantly increased the likelihood of return of spontaneous circulation. However, there is uncertainty whether this treatment results in benefit or harm for long-term survival. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03640949.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars W. Andersen
- Research Center for Emergency Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine and Emergency Department, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Prehospital Emergency Medical Services, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dan Isbye
- Department of Anesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Kjærgaard
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla M. Kristensen
- Department of Anesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Darling
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Stine T. Zwisler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Stine Fisker
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jens Christian Schmidt
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hans Kirkegaard
- Research Center for Emergency Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine and Emergency Department, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Prehospital Emergency Medical Services, Central Denmark Region, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders M. Grejs
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jørgen R. G. Rossau
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jacob M. Larsen
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bodil S. Rasmussen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Signe Riddersholm
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
| | - Kasper Iversen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Schultz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob L. Nielsen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bo Løfgren
- Research Center for Emergency Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine and Emergency Department, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
| | - Kasper G. Lauridsen
- Research Center for Emergency Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine and Emergency Department, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
- Unit of Clinical Simulation and Education, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Sølling
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Viborg Regional Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
| | - Kim Pælestik
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Viborg Regional Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
| | - Anders G. Kjærgaard
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Horsens Regional Hospital, Horsens, Denmark
| | - Dorte Due-Rasmussen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Horsens Regional Hospital, Horsens, Denmark
| | - Fredrik Folke
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen Emergency Medical Services, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette G. Charlot
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Sebastian Wiberg
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Michael Donnino
- Center for Resuscitation Science, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tobias Kurth
- Institute of Public Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Høybye
- Research Center for Emergency Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine and Emergency Department, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Birthe Sindberg
- Research Center for Emergency Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine and Emergency Department, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mathias J. Holmberg
- Research Center for Emergency Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine and Emergency Department, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Viborg Regional Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
| | - Asger Granfeldt
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Yao Y, Yim EKF. Fucoidan for cardiovascular application and the factors mediating its activities. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 270:118347. [PMID: 34364596 PMCID: PMC10429693 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide with various bioactivities. The application of fucoidan in cancer treatment, wound healing, and food industry has been extensively studied. However, the therapeutic value of fucoidan in cardiovascular diseases has been less explored. Increasing number of investigations in the past years have demonstrated the effects of fucoidan on cardiovascular system. In this review, we will focus on the bioactivities related to cardiovascular applications, for example, the modulation functions of fucoidan on coagulation system, inflammation, and vascular cells. Factors mediating those activities will be discussed in detail. Current therapeutic strategies and future opportunities and challenges will be provided to inspire and guide further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Evelyn K F Yim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; Center for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
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24
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Zhang Y, Shang Z, Liu A. Angiotensin-(3-7) alleviates isoprenaline-induced cardiac remodeling via attenuating cAMP-PKA and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Amino Acids 2021; 53:1533-1543. [PMID: 34494132 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system is involved in the regulation of various heart diseases. The present study aimed to determine the effects of angiotensin (Ang)-(3-7) on cardiac remodeling and its downstream signaling pathways in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts (NRCFs). The administration of Ang-(3-7) alleviated isoprenaline (ISO)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis of mice. ISO treatment increased the levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and beta-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) in NRCMs, and reduced the levels of collagen I, collagen III, fibronectin, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in NRCFs. These changes were inhibited by Ang-(3-7) administration. The levels of protein kinase A (PKA), phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (p-PI3K), and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt) were increased in NRCMs and NRCFs treated with ISO. The increase of PKA, but not p-PI3K or p-Akt was attenuated by Ang-(3-7) treatment in NRCMs. The increases of p-PI3K and p-Akt, but not PKA were reversed by Ang-(3-7) treatment in NRCFs. Treatment with cAMP or PKA overexpression reversed the attenuating effects of Ang-(3-7) on ISO-induced hypertrophy of NRCMs. The administration of PI3K inhibitor or Akt inhibitor alleviated ISO-induced fibrosis of NRCFs. These results indicated that Ang-(3-7) could alleviate cardiac remodeling. The administration of Ang-(3-7) attenuated hypertrophy of NRCMs via inhibiting the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway, and alleviated fibrosis of NRCFs via inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Binhai County People's Hospital, 188 Fudong Middle Road, Yancheng, 224500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenglu Shang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi Huishan District People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Aijun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Binhai County People's Hospital, 188 Fudong Middle Road, Yancheng, 224500, Jiangsu, China.
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Vaiciuleviciute R, Bironaite D, Uzieliene I, Mobasheri A, Bernotiene E. Cardiovascular Drugs and Osteoarthritis: Effects of Targeting Ion Channels. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102572. [PMID: 34685552 PMCID: PMC8534048 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) share many similar features, including similar risk factors and molecular mechanisms. A great number of cardiovascular drugs act via different ion channels and change ion balance, thus modulating cell metabolism, osmotic responses, turnover of cartilage extracellular matrix and inflammation. These drugs are consumed by patients with CVD for many years; however, information about their effects on the joint tissues has not been fully clarified. Nevertheless, it is becoming increasingly likely that different cardiovascular drugs may have an impact on articular tissues in OA. Here, we discuss the potential effects of direct and indirect ion channel modulating drugs, including inhibitors of voltage gated calcium and sodium channels, hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, β-adrenoreceptor inhibitors and angiotensin-aldosterone system affecting drugs. The aim of this review was to summarize the information about activities of cardiovascular drugs on cartilage and subchondral bone and to discuss their possible consequences on the progression of OA, focusing on the modulation of ion channels in chondrocytes and other joint cells, pain control and regulation of inflammation. The implication of cardiovascular drug consumption in aetiopathogenesis of OA should be considered when prescribing ion channel modulators, particularly in long-term therapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raminta Vaiciuleviciute
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (R.V.); (D.B.); (I.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Daiva Bironaite
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (R.V.); (D.B.); (I.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Ilona Uzieliene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (R.V.); (D.B.); (I.U.); (A.M.)
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (R.V.); (D.B.); (I.U.); (A.M.)
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
- Departments of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Eiva Bernotiene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; (R.V.); (D.B.); (I.U.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence:
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26
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Liu XW, Lu MK, Zhong HT, Liu JJ, Fu YP. Panax Notoginseng Saponins Protect H9c2 Cells From Hypoxia-reoxygenation Injury Through the Forkhead Box O3a Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1 Alpha Cell Signaling Pathway. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:e681-e689. [PMID: 34354001 PMCID: PMC8584197 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) are commonly used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Whether PNS can protect myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the forkhead box O3a hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (FOXO3a/HIF-1α) cell signaling pathway remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of PNS on H9c2 cardiomyocytes through the FOXO3a/HIF-1α cell signaling pathway. Hypoxia and reoxygenation of H9C2 cells were used to mimic MIRI in vitro, and the cells were treated with PNS, 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2), and LY294002." Cell proliferation, lactate dehydrogenase, and malonaldehyde were used to evaluate the degree of cell injury. The level of reactive oxygen species was detected with a fluorescence microscope. The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of autophagy-related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins was detected by western blot assay. PNS could reduce H9c2 hypoxia-reoxygenation injury by promoting autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis through the HIF-1α/FOXO3a cell signaling pathway. Furthermore, the protective effects of PNS were abolished by HIF-1α inhibitor 2ME2 and PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002. PNS could reduce H9c2 hypoxia-reoxygenation injury by promoting autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis through the HIF-1α/FOXO3a cell signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Wen Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, PR China;
| | - Meng-Kai Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, PR China;
| | - Hui-Ting Zhong
- Department of Research, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, PR China; and
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, PR China.
| | - Yong-Ping Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, PR China.
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Cao X, Aimoto M, Nagasawa Y, Zhang HX, Zhang CS, Takahara A. Electrophysiological Response to Acehytisine Was Modulated by Aldosterone in Rats with Aorto-Venocaval Shunts. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1044-1049. [PMID: 34078775 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aldosterone induces cardiac electrical and structural remodeling, which leads to the development of heart failure and/or atrial fibrillation (AF). However, it remains unknown whether aldosterone-induced remodeling may modulate the efficacy of anti-AF drugs. In this study, we aimed to jeopardize the structural and functional remodeling by aldosterone in rats with aorto-venocaval shunts (AVS rats) and evaluate the effect of acehytisine in this model. An AVS operation was performed on rats (n = 6, male) and it was accompanied by the intraperitoneal infusion of aldosterone (AVS + Ald) at 2.0 µg/h for 28 d. The cardiopathy was characterized by echocardiography, electrophysiologic and hemodynamic testing, and morphometric examination in comparison with sham-operated rats (n = 3), sham + Ald (n = 6), and AVS (n = 5). Aldosterone accelerated the progression from asymptomatic heart failure to overt heart failure and induced sustained AF resistant to electrical fibrillation in one out of six rats. In addition, it prolonged PR, QT interval and Wenckebach cycle length. Acehytisine failed to suppress AF in the AVS + Ald rats. In conclusion, aldosterone jeopardized electrical remodeling and blunted the electrophysiological response to acehytisine on AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cao
- Acupuncture and Tuina School/Third Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Megumi Aimoto
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Yoshinobu Nagasawa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Han-Xiao Zhang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School/Third Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Cheng-Shun Zhang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School/Third Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Akira Takahara
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
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Ghosh KK, Padmanabhan P, Yang CT, Ng DCE, Palanivel M, Mishra S, Halldin C, Gulyás B. Positron emission tomographic imaging in drug discovery. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:280-291. [PMID: 34332093 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is an extensively used nuclear functional imaging technique, especially for central nervous system (CNS) and oncological disorders. Currently, drug development is a lengthy and costly pursuit. Imaging with PET radiotracers could be an effective way to hasten drug discovery and advancement, because it facilitates the monitoring of key facets, such as receptor occupancy quantification, drug biodistribution, pharmacokinetic (PK) analyses, validation of target engagement, treatment monitoring, and measurement of neurotransmitter concentrations. These parameters demand careful analyses for the robust appraisal of newly formulated drugs during preclinical and clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the usage of PET imaging in radiopharmaceutical development; drug development approaches with PET imaging; and PET developments in oncological and cardiac drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kanta Ghosh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Parasuraman Padmanabhan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore; Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, 59 Nanyang Drive, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
| | - Chang-Tong Yang
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Radiological Sciences Division, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore 169608, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - David Chee Eng Ng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Radiological Sciences Division, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore 169608, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Mathangi Palanivel
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Sachin Mishra
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore; Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, 59 Nanyang Drive, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Christer Halldin
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm County Council, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Balázs Gulyás
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore; Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, 59 Nanyang Drive, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm County Council, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Silva EAP, Santos DM, de Carvalho FO, Menezes IAC, Barreto AS, Souza DS, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Santos MRV. Monoterpenes and their derivatives as agents for cardiovascular disease management: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phytomedicine 2021; 88:153451. [PMID: 33483251 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monoterpenes are one of the most studied plant's secondary metabolites, they are found abundantly in essential oils of aromatic plants. They also have a great range of pharmacological properties, such as antihypertensive, bradycardic, antiarrhythmic and hypotensive. In the face of the burden caused by cardiovascular disease (CVDs) worldwide, studies using monoterpenes to assess their cardiovascular effects have increased over the years. PURPOSE This systematic review aimed to summarize the use of monoterpenes in animal models of any CVDs. METHODS PubMed, SCOPUS, LILACS and Web of Science databases were used to search for articles that used monoterpenes, in any type of administration, to treat or prevent CVDs in animal models. The PRISMA guidelines were followed. Two independent researchers extracted main characteristics of studies, methods and outcomes. Data obtained were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. RESULTS At the ending of the search process, 33 articles were selected for the systematic review. Of these, 17 articles were included in the meta-analysis. A total of 16 different monoterpenes were found for the treatment of hypertension, myocardial infarction, pulmonary hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and arrhythmia. The main actions include hypotension, bradycardia, vasodilatation, antiarrhythmic, and antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. From our data, it can be suggested that monoterpenes may be a significant source for new drug development. However, there is still a need to apply these knowledge into clinical research and a long path to pursue before putting them in the market. CONCLUSION The variability of cardiovascular effects demonstrated by the monoterpenes highlighted them as a promising candidates for treatment or prevention of CVDs. Nevertheless, studies that investigate their biological sites of action needs to be further encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Aian P Silva
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, S/N, Cidade Universitaria, São Cristovao-SE, 49100-000, Brazil; Biotechnology Graduate Program - Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, S/N, Cidade Universitaria, São Cristovao-SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Danillo M Santos
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, S/N, Cidade Universitaria, São Cristovao-SE, 49100-000, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Rua Claudio Batista S/N, Sanatorio, Aracaju-SE, 49.060-100, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Oliveira de Carvalho
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, S/N, Cidade Universitaria, São Cristovao-SE, 49100-000, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Rua Claudio Batista S/N, Sanatorio, Aracaju-SE, 49.060-100, Brazil
| | - Igor A Cortes Menezes
- Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua General Carneiro, 181, Curitiba-PR, 80060-900, Brazil
| | - André S Barreto
- Department of Health Education, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Governador Marcelo Deda, 13, Centro, Lagarto-SE, CEP 49400-000, Brazil
| | - Diego S Souza
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Lucindo J Quintans-Júnior
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, S/N, Cidade Universitaria, São Cristovao-SE, 49100-000, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Rua Claudio Batista S/N, Sanatorio, Aracaju-SE, 49.060-100, Brazil
| | - Márcio R V Santos
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, S/N, Cidade Universitaria, São Cristovao-SE, 49100-000, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Rua Claudio Batista S/N, Sanatorio, Aracaju-SE, 49.060-100, Brazil; Biotechnology Graduate Program - Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, S/N, Cidade Universitaria, São Cristovao-SE, 49100-000, Brazil.
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30
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Wang S, Pu WT. Calcific aortic valve disease: turning therapeutic discovery up a notch. Nat Rev Cardiol 2021; 18:309-310. [PMID: 33608670 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00528-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suya Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William T Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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31
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Ren D, Shen ZY, Qin LP, Zhu B. Pharmacology, phytochemistry, and traditional uses of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 269:113688. [PMID: 33338592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. (known as Xuanshen) has been used in China for centuries as a traditional medicinal plant to treat numerous diseases including inflammation, hypertension, cancer, and diabetes. AIM OF REVIEW In this review, we provide an update on the botany, pharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, traditional uses, and safety of S. ningpoensis to highlight future research needs and potential uses of this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS All information on S. ningpoensis was obtained from scientific databases including ScienceDirect, Springer, PubMed, Sci Finder, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Google Scholar, and Baidu Scholar. Additional information was collected from Chinese herbal medicine books, Ph.D. dissertations, and M.Sc. Theses. Plant taxonomy was verified by "The Plant List" database (http://www.theplantlist.org). RESULTS S. ningpoensis displays fever reducing, detoxifying, and nourishing 'Yin' effects in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). More than 162 compounds have been identified and isolated from S. ningpoensis, including iridoids and iridoid glycosides, phenylpropanoid glycosides, organic acids, volatile oils, terpenoids, saccharides, flavonoids, sterols, and saponins. These compounds possess a diverse variety of pharmacological properties that affect the cardiovascular, hepatic, and nervous systems, and protect the body against inflammation, oxidation, and carcinogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that S. ningpoensis is a valuable Chinese medicinal herb with many pharmacological uses in the treatment of cardiovascular, diabetic, and liver diseases. Most of the S. ningpoensis activity may be attributed to iridoid glycosides and phenylpropanoid glycosides; however, detailed information on the molecular mechanisms, metabolic activity, toxicology, and structure-function relationships of active components is limited. Further comprehensive research to evaluate the medicinal properties of S. ningpoensis is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Zhan-Yun Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Lu-Ping Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Shen J, Hu M, Tan W, Ding J, Jiang B, Xu L, Hamulati H, He C, Sun Y, Xiao P. Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.: A review. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 269:113690. [PMID: 33309917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. (family Asteraceae) is an important traditional medicine in North America, Europe, and Asia for quite a long historical period, which has received great attention due to its health-benefiting activities, including disinfection, treatment sexual infection, diarrhoea, acute and chronic dysentery, red-eye swelling as well as pain, heat, thirst, hypertension, palpitation, gastrointestinal discomfort, and loss of appetite. AIM OF THE REVIEW The purpose of this review is to give an overview of the current phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of C. tinctoria, and reveals the correlation among its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological profile, and potential toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review is based on published studies and books from electronic sources and library, including the online ethnobotanical database, ethnobotanical monographs, Scopus, SciFinder, Baidu Scholar, CNKI, and PubMed. These reports are related to the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of C. tinctoria. RESULTS Coreopsis tinctoria is traditionally used in diarrhoea, infection, and chronic metabolic diseases. From 1954 to now, more than 120 chemical constituents have been identified from C. tinctoria, such as flavonoids, polyacetylenes, polysaccharides, phenylpropanoids, and volatile oils. Flavonoids are the major bioactive components in C. tinctoria. Current research has shown that its extracts and compounds possess diverse biological and pharmacological activities such as antidiabetes, anti-cardiovascular diseases, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, protective effects on organs, neuroprotective effects, antimicrobial, and antineoplastic. Studies in animal models, including acute toxicity, long-term toxicity, and genotoxicity have demonstrated that Snow Chrysanthemum is a non-toxic herb, especially for its water-soluble parts. CONCLUSIONS Recent findings regarding the main phytochemical and pharmacological properties of C. tinctorial have confirmed its traditional uses in anti-infection and treatment of chronic metabolic disease and, more importantly, have revealed the plant as a valuable medicinal plant resource for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. The available reports indicated that most of the bioactivities in C. tinctorial could be attributed to flavonoids. However, higher quality studies on animals and humans studies are required to explore the efficacy and mechanism of action of C. tinctoria in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Mengyin Hu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicines, Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, 830004, China.
| | - Wei Tan
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicines, Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, 830004, China.
| | - Jiwei Ding
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicines, Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, 830004, China; CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Baoping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Lei Xu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicines, Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, 830004, China.
| | - Hasimu Hamulati
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicines, Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, 830004, China.
| | - Chunnian He
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicines, Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, 830004, China.
| | - Yuhua Sun
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Uighur Medicines, Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi, 830004, China.
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Wang D, Lv L, Xu Y, Jiang K, Chen F, Qian J, Chen M, Liu G, Xiang Y. Cardioprotection of Panax Notoginseng saponins against acute myocardial infarction and heart failure through inducing autophagy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 136:111287. [PMID: 33485065 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Morbidity and mortality from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains substantial although interventional coronary reperfusion strategies are widely use and successful. MI remains the most common cause of heart failure (HF) worldwide. Here we demonstrated that Panax Notoginseng saponins (PNS), the extract of Panax notoginseng, exerts cardioprotective effect in AMI and the underlying mechanism refers to inducing cardiomyocyte autophagy, antiplatelet aggregation, enhancing endothelial migration and angiogenesis. PNS was initially tested to rescue the myocardial infarct size and cardiac function in left anterior descending (LAD) ligation-operated mice to mimic AMI. RNA-seq to profile transcriptome changes in the heart by treatment with PNS were then conducted. PNS and its main constituents Rg1 and Rd directly inhibited platelet aggregation of healthy subjects with VerifyNow Aspirin and P2Y12 assays but less affecting on coagulation compared with dual-antiplatelet (DAPT). In addition, wound healing scratch assay and heart staining demonstrated that PNS and its main constituents Rg1 and R1 significant enhanced the migration of endothelial cells and angiogenesis in response to MI injury. Interestingly, PNS rather than its constituents enhanced glucose deprivation (GD)-induced autophagy through phosphorylation of AMPK Thr172 and CaMKII Thr287 in cardiomyocytes. These findings provide new insights for drug development from natural products like PNS against ischemia heart diseases and HF post MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Linyan Lv
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization Technology of Pseudo-Ginseng, Guangxi Zhongheng Innovative Pharmaceutical Research CO., LTD, Guangxi, 530032, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Feng Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jie Qian
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization Technology of Pseudo-Ginseng, Guangxi Zhongheng Innovative Pharmaceutical Research CO., LTD, Guangxi, 530032, China
| | - Guanping Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization Technology of Pseudo-Ginseng, Guangxi Zhongheng Innovative Pharmaceutical Research CO., LTD, Guangxi, 530032, China
| | - Yaozu Xiang
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Sayour AA, Celeng C, Oláh A, Ruppert M, Merkely B, Radovits T. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors reduce myocardial infarct size in preclinical animal models of myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury: a meta-analysis. Diabetologia 2021; 64:737-748. [PMID: 33483761 PMCID: PMC7940278 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Large cardiovascular outcome trials demonstrated that the cardioprotective effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors might reach beyond glucose-lowering action. In this meta-analysis, we sought to evaluate the potential infarct size-modulating effect of SGLT2 inhibitors in preclinical studies. METHODS In this preregistered meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42020189124), we included placebo-controlled, interventional studies of small and large animal models of myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury, testing the effect of SGLT2 inhibitor treatment on myocardial infarct size (percentage of area at risk or total area). Standardised mean differences (SMDs) were calculated and pooled using random-effects method. We evaluated heterogeneity by computing Τ2 and I2 values. Meta-regression was performed to explore prespecified subgroup differences according to experimental protocols and their contribution to heterogeneity was assessed (pseudo-R2 values). RESULTS We identified ten eligible publications, reporting 16 independent controlled comparisons on a total of 224 animals. Treatment with SGLT2 inhibitor significantly reduced myocardial infarct size compared with placebo (SMD = -1.30 [95% CI -1.79, -0.81], p < 0.00001), referring to a 33% [95% CI 20%, 47%] difference. Heterogeneity was moderate (Τ2 = 0.58, I2 = 60%). SGLT2 inhibitors were only effective when administered to the intact organ system, but not to isolated hearts (p interaction <0.001, adjusted pseudo-R2 = 47%). While acute administration significantly reduced infarct size, chronic treatment was superior (p interaction <0.001, adjusted pseudo-R2 = 85%). The medications significantly reduced infarct size in both diabetic and non-diabetic animals, favouring the former (p interaction = 0.030, adjusted pseudo-R2 = 12%). Treatment was equally effective in rats and mice, as well as in a porcine model. Individual study quality scores were not related to effect estimates (p = 0.33). The overall effect estimate remained large even after adjusting for severe forms of publication bias. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The glucose-lowering SGLT2 inhibitors reduce myocardial infarct size in animal models independent of diabetes. Future in vivo studies should focus on clinical translation by exploring whether SGLT2 inhibitors limit infarct size in animals with relevant comorbidities, on top of loading doses of antiplatelet agents. Mechanistic studies should elucidate the potential relationship between the infarct size-lowering effect of SGLT2 inhibitors and the intact organ system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Ali Sayour
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Csilla Celeng
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Attila Oláh
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Ruppert
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Radovits
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Hnatiuk AP, Briganti F, Staudt DW, Mercola M. Human iPSC modeling of heart disease for drug development. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:271-282. [PMID: 33740432 PMCID: PMC8054828 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have emerged as a promising platform for pharmacogenomics and drug development. In cardiology, they make it possible to produce unlimited numbers of patient-specific human cells that reproduce hallmark features of heart disease in the culture dish. Their potential applications include the discovery of mechanism-specific therapeutics, the evaluation of safety and efficacy in a human context before a drug candidate reaches patients, and the stratification of patients for clinical trials. Although this new technology has the potential to revolutionize drug discovery, translational hurdles have hindered its widespread adoption for pharmaceutical development. Here we discuss recent progress in overcoming these hurdles that should facilitate the use of hiPSCs to develop new medicines and individualize therapies for heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna P Hnatiuk
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 240 Pasteur Drive, Biomedical Innovation Building, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Francesca Briganti
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 240 Pasteur Drive, Biomedical Innovation Building, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David W Staudt
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 240 Pasteur Drive, Biomedical Innovation Building, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mark Mercola
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, 240 Pasteur Drive, Biomedical Innovation Building, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Lian Z, Song JX, Yu SR, Su LN, Cui YX, Li SF, Lee CY, Liang HZ, Chen H. Therapeutic targets of rosuvastatin on heart failure and associated biological mechanisms: A study of network pharmacology and experimental validation. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 895:173888. [PMID: 33493484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To explore the potential targets underlying the effect of rosuvastatin on heart failure (HF) by utilizing a network pharmacology approach and experiments to identify the results. PharmMapper and other databases were mined for information relevant to the prediction of rosuvastatin targets and HF-related targets. Then, the rosuvastatin-HF target gene networks were created in Cytoscape software. Eventually, the targets and enriched pathways were examined by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Furthermore, we constructed an HF animal model and used rosuvastatin to treat them, identifying the changes in heart function and related protein expression. We further used different cells to explore the mechanisms of rosuvastatin. Thirty-five intersection targets indicated the therapeutic targets linked to HF. GO analysis showed that 481 biological processes, 4 cellular components and 23 molecular functions were identified. KEGG analysis showed 13 significant treatment pathways. In animal experiments, rosuvastatin significantly improved the cardiac function of post-myocardial infarction mice and prevented the development of HF after myocardial infarction by inhibiting IL-1Β expression. Cell experiments showed that rosuvastatin could reduce the expression of IL-1B in HUVEC and THP-1 cells. The therapeutic mechanism of rosuvastatin against HF may be closely related to the inhibition of the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, inflammatory factors, and fibrosis-related genes. However, IL-1Β is one of the most important target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Lian
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Xian Song
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Ran Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Na Su
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Xia Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Su-Fang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chong-Yoo Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Zhu Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China; Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Xu X, Xie X, Zhang H, Wang P, Li G, Chen J, Chen G, Cao X, Xiong L, Peng F, Peng C. Water-soluble alkaloids extracted from Aconiti Radix lateralis praeparata protect against chronic heart failure in rats via a calcium signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 135:111184. [PMID: 33418305 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Many studies have shown the beneficial effects of aconite water-soluble alkaloid extract (AWA) in experimental models of heart disease, which have been ascribed to the presence of aconine, hypaconine, talatisamine, fuziline, neoline, and songorine. This study evaluated the effects of a chemically characterized AWA by chemical content, evaluated its effects in suprarenal abdominal aortic coarctation surgery (AAC)-induced chronic heart failure (CHF) in rats, and revealed the underlying mechanisms of action by proteomics. METHODS Rats were distributed into different groups: sham, model, and AWA-treated groups (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg/day). Sham rats received surgery without AAC, whereas model rats an AWA-treated groups underwent AAC surgery. after 8 weeks, the treatment group was fed AWA for 4 weeks, and body weight was assessed weekly. At the end of the treatment, heart function was tested by echocardiography. AAC-induced chronic heart failure, including myocardial fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and apoptosis, was evaluated in heart tissue and plasma by RT-qPCR, ELISA, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Masson's trichrome staining, TUNEL staining, and immunofluorescence staining of α-SMA, Col Ⅰ, and Col Ⅲ. Then, a proteomics approach was used to explore the underlying mechanisms of action of AWA in chronic heart failure. RESULTS AWA administration reduced body weight gain, myocardial fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and apoptosis, and rats showed improvement in cardiac function compared to model group. The extract significantly ameliorated the AAC-induced altered expression of heart failure markers such as ANP, NT-proBNP, and β-MHC, as well as fibrosis, hypertrophy markers MMP-2 and MMP-9, and other heart failure-related factors including plasma levels of TNF-α and IL-6. Furthermore, the extract reduced the protein expression of α-SMA, Col Ⅰ, and Col Ⅲ in the left ventricular (LV), thus inhibiting the LV remodeling associated with CHF. In addition, proteomics characterization of differentially expressed proteins showed that AWA administration inhibited left ventricular remodeling in CHF rats via a calcium signaling pathway, and reversed the expression of RyR2 and SERCA2a. CONCLUSIONS AWA extract exerts beneficial effects in an AAC-induced CHF model in rats, which was associated with an improvement in LV function, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and apoptotic status. These effects may be related to the regulation of calcium signaling by the altered expression of RyR2 and SERCA2a.
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MESH Headings
- Aconitum/chemistry
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Calcium Signaling/drug effects
- Cardiovascular Agents/isolation & purification
- Cardiovascular Agents/pharmacology
- Chronic Disease
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibrosis
- Heart Failure/drug therapy
- Heart Failure/metabolism
- Heart Failure/pathology
- Heart Failure/physiopathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/drug therapy
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Plant Extracts/isolation & purification
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel/metabolism
- Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases/metabolism
- Solubility
- Solvents/chemistry
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/drug therapy
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/metabolism
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/pathology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology
- Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects
- Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
- Water/chemistry
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Co-founded by Sichuan Province and MOST, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Co-founded by Sichuan Province and MOST, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Huiqiong Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Co-founded by Sichuan Province and MOST, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Pei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Gangmin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Co-founded by Sichuan Province and MOST, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Junren Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Co-founded by Sichuan Province and MOST, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Guanru Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Co-founded by Sichuan Province and MOST, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Liang Xiong
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Co-founded by Sichuan Province and MOST, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Fu Peng
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Co-founded by Sichuan Province and MOST, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigates the representation status of Black US residents in clinical trials of 24 cardiovascular drugs granted US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval between January 1, 2006, and August 31, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siliang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Alyami BA, Akhtar S, Alamgeer , Ahmad T, Alqarni AO, Alqahtani YS, Mahnashi MH, Qasim S, Irfan HM, Akram M, Riaz H, Anwar R. Evaluation of phytochemical, anti-oxidant and cardiac depressant effect of Rumex dentatus by using Langendorff's isolated heart apparatus. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:671-677. [PMID: 34275801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rumex dentatus has been used traditionally for ailment of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present study was to assess cardiovascular effects in isolated perfused rabbit heart. Aqueous and n-butanolic fractions were assessed for their effect on perfusion pressure (PP), force of contraction (FC) and heart rate (HR) of rabbit heart using Langendorff's method. The possible mechanisms of action of extracts/fraction were assessed with and without application of different agonist/antagonist. Phytochemical, toxicity and anti-oxidant activities were also determined. Both extracts at 1mg/mL dose produced a highly significant decrease in FC and HR but PP remained unchanged. Moreover, aqueous fraction of Rumex dentatus at 0.001mg/mL dose produced a highly significant decrease in FC and HR but no significant change in PP was observed. Atropine 10-5 M did not inhibit the cardiac depressant response of both fractions. Furthermore, both fractions blocked the positive ionotropic and chronotropic effects of adrenaline and calcium chloride. Phytochemical studies have shown the presence of some phytochemicals. Acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies demonstrated that test extracts are safe and produced no significant changes in haematological and biochemical parameters. Crude extract showed significant antioxidant activity like ascorbic acid. This study revealed that this plant have good cardiac depressant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandar Ali Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Suneela Akhtar
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - - Alamgeer
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Taseer Ahmad
- Laboratory of cardiovascular research and Integrative Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Ali Omar Alqarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya Saeed Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mater Hussen Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sumera Qasim
- College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Irfan
- Laboratory of cardiovascular research and Integrative Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Laboratory of cardiovascular research and Integrative Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Humayun Riaz
- College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rukhsana Anwar
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Wang YZ, Ngowi EE, Wang D, Qi HW, Jing MR, Zhang YX, Cai CB, He QL, Khattak S, Khan NH, Jiang QY, Ji XY, Wu DD. The Potential of Hydrogen Sulfide Donors in Treating Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2194. [PMID: 33672103 PMCID: PMC7927090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has long been considered as a toxic gas, but as research progressed, the idea has been updated and it has now been shown to have potent protective effects at reasonable concentrations. H2S is an endogenous gas signaling molecule in mammals and is produced by specific enzymes in different cell types. An increasing number of studies indicate that H2S plays an important role in cardiovascular homeostasis, and in most cases, H2S has been reported to be downregulated in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Similarly, in preclinical studies, H2S has been shown to prevent CVDs and improve heart function after heart failure. Recently, many H2S donors have been synthesized and tested in cellular and animal models. Moreover, numerous molecular mechanisms have been proposed to demonstrate the effects of these donors. In this review, we will provide an update on the role of H2S in cardiovascular activities and its involvement in pathological states, with a special focus on the roles of exogenous H2S in cardiac protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhen Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.-Z.W.); (E.E.N.); (D.W.); (H.-W.Q.); (M.-R.J.); (Y.-X.Z.); (C.-B.C.); (Q.-L.H.); (S.K.); (N.H.K.)
| | - Ebenezeri Erasto Ngowi
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.-Z.W.); (E.E.N.); (D.W.); (H.-W.Q.); (M.-R.J.); (Y.-X.Z.); (C.-B.C.); (Q.-L.H.); (S.K.); (N.H.K.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Dar es Salaam University College of Education, Dar es Salaam 2329, Tanzania
| | - Di Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.-Z.W.); (E.E.N.); (D.W.); (H.-W.Q.); (M.-R.J.); (Y.-X.Z.); (C.-B.C.); (Q.-L.H.); (S.K.); (N.H.K.)
| | - Hui-Wen Qi
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.-Z.W.); (E.E.N.); (D.W.); (H.-W.Q.); (M.-R.J.); (Y.-X.Z.); (C.-B.C.); (Q.-L.H.); (S.K.); (N.H.K.)
| | - Mi-Rong Jing
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.-Z.W.); (E.E.N.); (D.W.); (H.-W.Q.); (M.-R.J.); (Y.-X.Z.); (C.-B.C.); (Q.-L.H.); (S.K.); (N.H.K.)
| | - Yan-Xia Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.-Z.W.); (E.E.N.); (D.W.); (H.-W.Q.); (M.-R.J.); (Y.-X.Z.); (C.-B.C.); (Q.-L.H.); (S.K.); (N.H.K.)
| | - Chun-Bo Cai
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.-Z.W.); (E.E.N.); (D.W.); (H.-W.Q.); (M.-R.J.); (Y.-X.Z.); (C.-B.C.); (Q.-L.H.); (S.K.); (N.H.K.)
| | - Qing-Lin He
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.-Z.W.); (E.E.N.); (D.W.); (H.-W.Q.); (M.-R.J.); (Y.-X.Z.); (C.-B.C.); (Q.-L.H.); (S.K.); (N.H.K.)
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Saadullah Khattak
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.-Z.W.); (E.E.N.); (D.W.); (H.-W.Q.); (M.-R.J.); (Y.-X.Z.); (C.-B.C.); (Q.-L.H.); (S.K.); (N.H.K.)
- Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Nazeer Hussain Khan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.-Z.W.); (E.E.N.); (D.W.); (H.-W.Q.); (M.-R.J.); (Y.-X.Z.); (C.-B.C.); (Q.-L.H.); (S.K.); (N.H.K.)
- Kaifeng Municipal Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan Provincial Engineering Centre for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Qi-Ying Jiang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.-Z.W.); (E.E.N.); (D.W.); (H.-W.Q.); (M.-R.J.); (Y.-X.Z.); (C.-B.C.); (Q.-L.H.); (S.K.); (N.H.K.)
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.-Z.W.); (E.E.N.); (D.W.); (H.-W.Q.); (M.-R.J.); (Y.-X.Z.); (C.-B.C.); (Q.-L.H.); (S.K.); (N.H.K.)
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Infection and Biological Safety, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.-Z.W.); (E.E.N.); (D.W.); (H.-W.Q.); (M.-R.J.); (Y.-X.Z.); (C.-B.C.); (Q.-L.H.); (S.K.); (N.H.K.)
- School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Stigall KS, Neidert LE, Morgan CG, Hemond PJ, Brown DR, Salas M, Hathaway EN, Tiller MM, Cardin S, Glaser JJ. Therapeutic cardiac arrest as an adjunct to resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta: Bridging the gap from fatal hemorrhage to definitive surgical control in swine. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2021; 90:369-375. [PMID: 33502148 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000003024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncontrolled hemorrhage is the leading cause of potentially survivable combat casualty mortality, with 86.5% of cases resulting from noncompressible torso hemorrhage. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is a minimally invasive technique used to stabilize patients with noncompressible torso hemorrhage; however, its application can take an average of 8 minutes to place. One therapeutic capable of bridging this gap is adenosine-lidocaine-magnesium (ALM), which at high doses induces a reversible cardioplegia. We hypothesize by using ALM as an adjunct to REBOA, the ALM-induced cardiac arrest will temporarily halt exsanguination and reduce blood loss, allowing for REBOA placement and control of bleeding. METHODS Male Yorkshire swine (60-80 kg) were randomly assigned to REBOA only or ALM-REBOA (n = 8/group). At baseline, uncontrolled hemorrhage was induced via a 1.5-cm right femoral arteriotomy, and hemorrhaged blood was quantified. One minute after injury (S1), ALM was administered, and 7 minutes later (T0), zone 1 REBOA inflation occurred. If cardiac arrest ensued, cardiac function either recovered spontaneously or advanced life support was initiated. At T30, surgical hemostasis was obtained, and REBOA was deflated. Animals were resuscitated until they were humanely euthanized at T90. RESULTS During field care phase, heart rate and end-tidal CO2 of the ALM-REBOA group were significantly lower than the REBOA only group. While mean arterial pressure significantly decreased from baseline, no significant differences between groups were observed throughout the field care phase. There was no significant difference in survival between the two groups (ALM-REBOA = 89% vs. REBOA only = 100%). Total blood loss was significantly decreased in the ALM-REBOA group (REBOA only = 24.32 ± 1.89 mL/kg vs. ALM-REBOA = 17.75 ± 2.04 mL/kg, p = 0.0499). CONCLUSION Adenosine-lidocaine-magnesium is a novel therapeutic, which, when used with REBOA, can significantly decrease the amount of blood loss at initial presentation, without compromising survival. This study provides proof of concept for ALM and its ability to bridge the gap between patient presentation and REBOA placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle S Stigall
- From the Department of Surgery, San Antonio Military Medical Center (K.S.S., E.N.H., M.M.T., J.J.G.); Department of Expeditionary and Trauma Medicine, Naval Medical Research Unit San Antonio (L.E.N., C.G.M., P.J.H., D.R.B., M.S., M.M.T., S.C., J.J.G.), JBSA-Fort Sam Houston; and Austin Shock Trauma (J.J.G.), St David's South Austin Medical Center, Austin, Texas
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Gavriilidis P, Roberts KJ, Angelis ND, Memeo R, Pai M, Saverio SD, Askari A, Sutcliffe RP. Effectiveness of Terlipressin on Modulation of Portal Vein Pressure after Hepatic Resections in Non-Cirrhotic Patients. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. Chirurgia (Bucur) 2021; 115:707-714. [PMID: 33378629 DOI: 10.21614/chirurgia.115.6.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background-Objectives: It has been reported, that high posthepatectomy portal vein pressure (PVP) has deleterious effect on the liver parenchyma and causes posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) and increased 90-day mortality. Terlipressin, is widely used to mitigate the effects of portal hyper-tension. Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) demonstrated encouraging results of use of terlipressin for modulation of increased posthepatectomy PVP. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the pharmacological modulation of the increased posthepatectomy PVP after major hepatectomy. Methods: Systematic literature searches of electronic databases in accordance with PRISMA was conducted. Meta-analysis was conducted using both fixed- and random-effects models. Results: Three randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing terlipressin versus placebo including 284 patients of pooled 60 studies were selected. Placebo cohort patients were significantly younger by 5 years compared to terlipressin cohort. However, the terlipressin cohort demonstrated significantly shorter intensive care unit (ICU) stay compared to placebo cohort. Conclusions: The first meta-analysis demonstrated that terlipressin cohort patients although significantly older by 5 years had significantly shorter ICU stay compared to placebo cohort. Furthermore, though statistically nonsignificant only 6% of terlipressin patients needed inotropic support compared to 16.4% of placebo cohort.
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Silva MM, de Souza-Neto FP, Jesus ICGD, Gonçalves GK, Santuchi MDC, Sanches BDL, de Alcântara-Leonídio TC, Melo MB, Vieira MAR, Guatimosim S, Santos RAS, da Silva RF. Alamandine improves cardiac remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H352-H363. [PMID: 33124885 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00328.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alamandine is the newest identified peptide of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and has protective effects in the cardiovascular system. Although the involvement of classical RAS components in the genesis and progression of cardiac remodeling is well known, less is known about the effects of alamandine. Therefore, in the present study we investigated the effects of alamandine on cardiac remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice. Male mice (C57BL/6), 10-12 wk of age, were divided into three groups: sham operated, TAC, and TAC + ALA (30 µg/kg/day alamandine for 14 days). The TAC surgery was performed under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia. At the end of treatment, the animals were submitted to echocardiographic examination and subsequently euthanized for tissue collection. TAC induced myocyte hypertrophy, collagen deposition, and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in the left ventricle. These markers of cardiac remodeling were reduced by oral treatment with alamandine. Western blotting analysis showed that alamandine prevents the increase in ERK1/2 phosphorylation and reverts the decrease in 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)α phosphorylation induced by TAC. Although both TAC and TAC + ALA increased SERCA2 expression, the phosphorylation of phospholamban in the Thr17 residue was increased solely in the alamandine-treated group. The echocardiographic data showed that there are no functional or morphological alterations after 2 wk of TAC. Alamandine treatment prevents myocyte hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis induced by TAC. Our results reinforce the cardioprotective role of alamandine and highlight its therapeutic potential for treating heart diseases related to pressure overload conditions.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Alamandine is the newest identified component of the renin-angiotensin system protective arm. Considering the beneficial effects already described so far, alamandine is a promising target for cardiovascular disease treatment. We demonstrated for the first time that alamandine improves many aspects of cardiac remodeling induced by pressure overload, including cell hypertrophy, fibrosis, and oxidative stress markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Morais Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gleisy Kelly Gonçalves
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno de Lima Sanches
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Barrouin Melo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Silvia Guatimosim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Zhu N, Huang B, Zhu L, Wang Y. Potential Mechanisms of Triptolide against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Based on Network Pharmacology Analysis and Molecular Docking. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:9944589. [PMID: 34926700 PMCID: PMC8672107 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9944589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of heart failure was significantly increased in patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). The therapeutic effect of triptolide on DCM has been reported, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study is aimed at investigating the potential targets of triptolide as a therapeutic strategy for DCM using a network pharmacology approach. Triptolide and its targets were identified by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database. DCM-associated protein targets were identified using the comparative toxicogenomics database and the GeneCards database. The networks of triptolide-target genes and DCM-associated target genes were created by Cytoscape. The common targets and enriched pathways were identified by the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. The gene-gene interaction network was analyzed by the GeneMANIA database. The drug-target-pathway network was constructed by Cytoscape. Six candidate protein targets were identified in both triptolide target network and DCM-associated network: STAT3, VEGFA, FOS, TNF, TP53, and TGFB1. The gene-gene interaction based on the targets of triptolide in DCM revealed the interaction of these targets. Additionally, five key targets that were linked to more than three genes were determined as crucial genes. The GO analysis identified 10 biological processes, 2 cellular components, and 10 molecular functions. The KEGG analysis identified 10 signaling pathways. The docking analysis showed that triptolide fits in the binding pockets of all six candidate targets. In conclusion, the present study explored the potential targets and signaling pathways of triptolide as a treatment for DCM. These results illustrate the mechanism of action of triptolide as an anti-DCM agent and contribute to a better understanding of triptolide as a transcriptional regulator of cytokine mRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University (Wenzhou People's Hospital), No. 299 Guan Road, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bingwu Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liuyan Zhu
- Department of General Practice, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University (Wenzhou People's Hospital), No. 299 Guan Road, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University (Wenzhou People's Hospital), No. 299 Guan Road, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
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Liu C, Bai J, Liu L, Gao J, Wang J. Effectiveness and safety of Yufengningxin for treating coronary heart disease angina: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23911. [PMID: 33350791 PMCID: PMC7769345 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 11 million people suffer from coronary heart disease (CHD) angina in China, showing high morbidity and mortality rates. Yufengingxin (YFNX) is a commonly used Chinese patent medicine in CHD angina treatment. The purpose of this protocol is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of YFNX for the treatment of CHD angina. METHODS A systematic search of randomized controlled trials related to the effectiveness and safety of YFNX in the treatment of CHD angina will be performed from relevant databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP) and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM). We will screen all the literatures from the database inception to November 1, 2020. The data including study ID, study characteristics, methodological information, patients information, interventions, comparisons and outcomes will be extracted. The frequency and duration of angina attacks will be served as the primary outcome. Review Manager 5.3 and STATA 14.0 software will be used for data analysis. CONCLUSION This systematic review will provide strong evidence for the effectiveness and safety of YFNX in the treatment of CHD angina. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY2020110040.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China academy of Chinese medical Sciences
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing
| | - Jing Bai
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China academy of Chinese medical Sciences
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lanchun Liu
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China academy of Chinese medical Sciences
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing
| | - Jialiang Gao
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China academy of Chinese medical Sciences
| | - Jie Wang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China academy of Chinese medical Sciences
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Liu J, Xu Z, Yang S, Du K, Zhang Y, Tan N, Sun X, Zhao H, Wang W. Efficacy and safety of Qishen granules for chronic heart failure: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23901. [PMID: 33350788 PMCID: PMC7769332 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Qishen granules (QSG) is a famous traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula used to treat chronic heart failure (CHF). The objective of this protocol is to clarify the efficacy and safety of QSG for treating CHF. METHODS Six databases will be electronically searched up to November 1, 2020 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in English and Chinese languages. Two independent reviewers will complete tasks of literature retrieval and data extraction. After that, the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool will be utilized to assess methodological quality. The primary outcomes are left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular fractional shortening, and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide. The secondary outcomes consist of composite cardiac events, adverse effects, and quality of life. Meta-analysis will be performed using the Revman version 5.3. RESULTS This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of current evidence of QSG for CHF from primary and secondary outcomes. CONCLUSION This study will provide evidence for the effectiveness and safety of QSG in the treatment of CHF. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020150442.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Liu
- Nanjing Pukou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing
| | - Zixuan Xu
- Nanjing Pukou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing
| | - Shuangjie Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Kangjia Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yili Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Nannan Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- School of Biomedicine, Beijing City University, Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
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Wu B, Wang G, Xin L, Li Q, Lu X, Su Y, Huang P. Network pharmacology-based therapeutic mechanism of Kuanxiong aerosol for angina pectoris. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 261:113079. [PMID: 32526337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kuanxiong aerosol has been reported to be an effective and safe clinical treatment for angina pectoris (AP). AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the potential pharmacological mechanism of Kuanxiong aerosol by combined methods of network pharmacology prediction and experimental verification. MATERIALS AND METHODS Networks of Kuanxiong aerosol-associated targets and AP-related genes were constructed through STRING database. Potential targets and pathway enrichment analysis related to the therapeutic efficacy of Kuanxiong aerosol were identified using Cytoscape and Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). To explore the mechanism of action of Kuanxiong aerosol, its in vitro effects on myocardial hypoxia, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative injury, and its in vivo pharmacological effects on myocardial ischemia and cardiac fibrosis were studied in rat models. RESULTS Network pharmacology analysis revealed that the potential targets mainly include the Fas ligand (FASLG), interleukin 4 (IL4), and catalase (CAT), which mediated the processes of apoptosis, and cellular responses to hypoxia, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mechanical stimulus. Multiple pathways, such as the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) pathways were found to be closely related to the pharmacological protective mechanism of Kuanxiong aerosol against AP. In addition, Kuanxiong aerosol suppressed the hypoxia, LPS, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced injuries of H9c2 cardiomyocytes through the regulation of HIF1A, suppressed expression of IL6 and TNF, and antioxidant property. In the rat model of myocardial ischemia, Kuanxiong aerosol was found to lower the creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, without altering the hemodynamic function. Kuanxiong aerosol was capable of attenuating cardiac fibrosis and improving cardiac function in a cardiac fibrosis rat model. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that the pharmacological mechanisms of Kuanxiong aerosol for AP therapy were related to anti-myocardial ischemia, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidation via a non-hemodynamic manner, indicating that Kuanxiong aerosol is a preferable drug clinically for AP treatment due to its both preventive and protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihan Wu
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Guowei Wang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Lei Xin
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Qunying Li
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Hangzhou Supor South Ocean Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 311225, China
| | - Yan Su
- Hangzhou Supor South Ocean Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 311225, China
| | - Pintong Huang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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Pawełczyk A, Zaprutko L. Anti-COVID drugs: repurposing existing drugs or search for new complex entities, strategies and perspectives. Future Med Chem 2020; 12:1743-1757. [PMID: 32698626 PMCID: PMC7377048 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
At the end of 2019, a novel virus causing severe acute respiratory syndrome to spread globally. There are currently no effective drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2. In this study, based on the analysis of numerous references and selected methods of computational chemistry, the strategy of integrative structural modification of small molecules with antiviral activity into potential active complex molecules has been presented. Proposed molecules have been designed based on the structure of triterpene oleanolic acid and complemented by structures characteristic of selected anti-COVID therapy assisted drugs. Their pharmaceutical molecular parameters and the preliminary bioactivity were calculated and predicted. The results of the above analyses show that among the designed complex substances there are potential antiviral agents directed mainly on SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pawełczyk
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, Grunwaldzka 6, Poznań 60-780, Poland
| | - Lucjusz Zaprutko
- Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, Grunwaldzka 6, Poznań 60-780, Poland
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Raphel F, De Korte T, Lombardi D, Braam S, Gerbeau JF. A greedy classifier optimization strategy to assess ion channel blocking activity and pro-arrhythmia in hiPSC-cardiomyocytes. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1008203. [PMID: 32976482 PMCID: PMC7549820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel studies conducting cardiac safety assessment using human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are promising but might be limited by their specificity and predictivity. It is often challenging to correctly classify ion channel blockers or to sufficiently predict the risk for Torsade de Pointes (TdP). In this study, we developed a method combining in vitro and in silico experiments to improve machine learning approaches in delivering fast and reliable prediction of drug-induced ion-channel blockade and proarrhythmic behaviour. The algorithm is based on the construction of a dictionary and a greedy optimization, leading to the definition of optimal classifiers. Finally, we present a numerical tool that can accurately predict compound-induced pro-arrhythmic risk and involvement of sodium, calcium and potassium channels, based on hiPSC-CM field potential data. Being able to measure the electrophysiology of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) using multi-electrodes arrays (MEA) is promising in view of introducing novel drug screening methodologies in cardiac safety assessment in a preclinical setting. However, with new opportunities come new challenges. Data generated from hiPSC-CM MEA assays are challenging to interpret and translate to the clinical situation. Moreover, the observed experimental variability of the traces makes it difficult to assess whether we can systematically address classification problems such as channel blockade prediction, or arrhythmia risk. It would be of the utmost importance to understand if, in the Field potentials, there is enough information about these phenomena, and how it could be extracted. The method investigated is a first step towards this, and it is based on the construction of a dictionary of signal features: some of them are known markers used in electrophysiology, some are more agnostical signal characteristics. A goal oriented search is performed, in such a way that the input of the classifiers is found in order to maximise the success rate. Since, in general, the number of available experimental traces is not large enough to cover all the possible scenarios of interest, the experimental training set is complemented by an in silico training set. This method was applied to arrhythmic risk prediction on in silico data and channel blockade prediction on combined in silico and in vitro data. A conceptual scheme of the main points of the present contribution is presented in Fig 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Raphel
- Inria, Paris, France
- NOTOCORD part of Instem, Le Pecq, France
- * E-mail: ,
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Wu G, Chen L, Gu Y, Hong Y, Ma J, Zheng N, Zhong J, Liu AJ, Sheng L, Zhang W, Li H. Exploring the mechanism underlying the cardioprotective effect of shexiang baoxin pill on acute myocardial infarction rats by comprehensive metabolomics. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 259:113001. [PMID: 32464316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) is a commercial Chinese medicine included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia with well-established cardiovascular protect effect in clinic. However, the mechanism of SBP underlying protective effect on cardiovascular disease has not been clearly elucidated yet. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to investigate the underlying protective mechanisms of SBP on an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rat model by using comprehensive metabolomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rat model of AMI was generated by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. After two weeks of treatment with SBP, comprehensive metabolomics and echocardiography index was performed for a therapeutic evaluation. The wiff data were processed using Progenesis QI and metabolites were identified based on the database of HMDB and LIPIDMAPS. Meanwhile, the untargeted metabolomics data from LC-MS combined with correlation analysis to characterize the metabolic alterations. RESULTS The metabolomics profiles of different groups in different biological samples (heart, serum, urine and feces) were significantly different, in which a total of 217 metabolites were identified. AMI caused comprehensive metabolic changes in amino acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism, while SBP reversed more than half of the differential metabolic changes, mainly affecting amino acid metabolism, butanoate metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Correlation analysis found that SBP could significantly alter the metabolic activity of six key metabolites (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, glycerophosphocholine, PS (20:4/0:0), xanthosine, adenosine and L-phenylalanine) related to AMI. The key role of these metabolites was further validated with correlation analysis with echocardiography indexes. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that SBP was effective for protecting cardiac dysfunction by regulating amino acid, lipid and energy metabolisms. The results also suggested that the modulation on gut microbiota might be involved the cardioprotective effect of SBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaosong Wu
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ying Hong
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Junli Ma
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ningning Zheng
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Ai-Jun Liu
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lili Sheng
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Houkai Li
- Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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