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Park JB, Wu W, Wu JY, Karkee R, Kucinski TM, Bustillo KC, Schneider MM, Strubbe DA, Ophus C, Pettes MT. Enabling Oxidation Protection and Carrier-Type Switching for Bismuth Telluride Nanoribbons via in Situ Organic Molecule Coating. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11395-11401. [PMID: 38079217 PMCID: PMC10755739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Thermoelectric materials with high electrical conductivity and low thermal conductivity (e.g., Bi2Te3) can efficiently convert waste heat into electricity; however, in spite of favorable theoretical predictions, individual Bi2Te3 nanostructures tend to perform less efficiently than bulk Bi2Te3. We report a greater-than-order-of-magnitude enhancement in the thermoelectric properties of suspended Bi2Te3 nanoribbons, coated in situ to form a Bi2Te3/F4-TCNQ core-shell nanoribbon without oxidizing the core-shell interface. The shell serves as an oxidation barrier but also directly functions as a strong electron acceptor and p-type carrier donor, switching the majority carriers from a dominant n-type carrier concentration (∼1021 cm-3) to a dominant p-type carrier concentration (∼1020 cm-3). Compared to uncoated Bi2Te3 nanoribbons, our Bi2Te3/F4-TCNQ core-shell nanoribbon demonstrates an effective chemical potential dramatically shifted toward the valence band (by 300-640 meV), robustly increased Seebeck coefficient (∼6× at 250 K), and improved thermoelectric performance (10-20× at 250 K).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Beom Park
- Center
for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Materials Physics and Applications
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Wei Wu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Jason Yingzhi Wu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Rijan Karkee
- Center
for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Materials Physics and Applications
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Department
of Physics, University of California, Merced, California 95343, United States
| | - Theresa Marie Kucinski
- Center
for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Materials Physics and Applications
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Karen C. Bustillo
- National
Center for Electron Microscopy (NCEM), Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Matthew M. Schneider
- Center
for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Materials Physics and Applications
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Materials
Science in Radiation and Dynamics Extremes (MST-8), Materials Science
and Technology Division, Los Alamos National
Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - David A. Strubbe
- Department
of Physics, University of California, Merced, California 95343, United States
| | - Colin Ophus
- National
Center for Electron Microscopy (NCEM), Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Michael Thompson Pettes
- Center
for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Materials Physics and Applications
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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Al-Fartoos MMR, Roy A, Mallick TK, Tahir AA. Advancing Thermoelectric Materials: A Comprehensive Review Exploring the Significance of One-Dimensional Nano Structuring. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2011. [PMID: 37446526 DOI: 10.3390/nano13132011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Amidst the global challenges posed by pollution, escalating energy expenses, and the imminent threat of global warming, the pursuit of sustainable energy solutions has become increasingly imperative. Thermoelectricity, a promising form of green energy, can harness waste heat and directly convert it into electricity. This technology has captivated attention for centuries due to its environmentally friendly characteristics, mechanical stability, versatility in size and substrate, and absence of moving components. Its applications span diverse domains, encompassing heat recovery, cooling, sensing, and operating at low and high temperatures. However, developing thermoelectric materials with high-performance efficiency faces obstacles such as high cost, toxicity, and reliance on rare-earth elements. To address these challenges, this comprehensive review encompasses pivotal aspects of thermoelectricity, including its historical context, fundamental operating principles, cutting-edge materials, and innovative strategies. In particular, the potential of one-dimensional nanostructuring is explored as a promising avenue for advancing thermoelectric technology. The concept of one-dimensional nanostructuring is extensively examined, encompassing various configurations and their impact on the thermoelectric properties of materials. The profound influence of one-dimensional nanostructuring on thermoelectric parameters is also thoroughly discussed. The review also provides a comprehensive overview of large-scale synthesis methods for one-dimensional thermoelectric materials, delving into the measurement of thermoelectric properties specific to such materials. Finally, the review concludes by outlining prospects and identifying potential directions for further advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Majid Rashak Al-Fartoos
- Solar Energy Research Group, Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Anurag Roy
- Solar Energy Research Group, Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Tapas K Mallick
- Solar Energy Research Group, Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Asif Ali Tahir
- Solar Energy Research Group, Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
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Liu G, Guo F, Zhang M, Liu Y, Hao J, Yu W, Li S, Hu B, Zhang B, Hao L. All-in-One Optoelectronic Logic Gates Enabled by Bipolar Spectral Photoresponse of CdTe/SnSe Heterojunction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37294624 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Optoelectronic logic gate devices (OLGDs) have attracted significant attention in high-density information processors; however, multifunctional logic operation in a single device is technically challenging due to the unidirectional electrical transport. In this work, we deliberately design all-in-one OLGDs based on self-powered CdTe/SnSe heterojunction photodetectors. The SnSe nanorod (NR) array is grown on the sputtered CdTe film via a glancing-angle deposition technique to form a heterojunction device. At the interface, the photovoltaic (PV) effect in the CdTe/SnSe heterojunction and the photothermoelectric (PTE) effect from the SnSe NRs are combined together to induce the reversed photocurrent, leading to a unique bipolar spectral response. The competition between PV and PTE in different spectral ranges is thus employed to control the photocurrent polarity, and five basic logic gates of OR, AND, NAND, NOR, and NOT can be performed just with a single heterojunction. Our findings indicate the large potentials of the CdTe/SnSe heterojunctions as logic units in next-generation sensing-computing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanchu Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Fuhai Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Mingcong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Yunjie Liu
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Jingyi Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Weizhuo Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Siqi Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Bing Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Lanzhong Hao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
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4
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New Progress on Fiber-Based Thermoelectric Materials: Performance, Device Structures and Applications. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216306. [PMID: 34771833 PMCID: PMC8585190 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of wearable electronics, looking for flexible and wearable generators as their self-power systems has proved an extensive task. Fiber-based thermoelectric generators (FTEGs) are promising candidates for these self-powered systems that collect energy from the surrounding environment or human body to sustain wearable electronics. In this work, we overview performances and device structures of state-of-the-art fiber-based thermoelectric materials, including inorganic fibers (e.g., carbon fibers, oxide fibers, and semiconductor fibers), organic fibers, and hybrid fibers. Moreover, potential applications for related thermoelectric devices are discussed, and future developments in fiber-based thermoelectric materials are also briefly expected.
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Inorganic Thermoelectric Fibers: A Review of Materials, Fabrication Methods, and Applications. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21103437. [PMID: 34069287 PMCID: PMC8156617 DOI: 10.3390/s21103437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Thermoelectric technology can directly harvest the waste heat into electricity, which is a promising field of green and sustainable energy. In this aspect, flexible thermoelectrics (FTE) such as wearable fabrics, smart biosensing, and biomedical electronics offer a variety of applications. Since the nanofibers are one of the important constructions of FTE, inorganic thermoelectric fibers are focused on here due to their excellent thermoelectric performance and acceptable flexibility. Additionally, measurement and microstructure characterizations for various thermoelectric fibers (Bi-Sb-Te, Ag2Te, PbTe, SnSe and NaCo2O4) made by different fabrication methods, such as electrospinning, two-step anodization process, solution-phase deposition method, focused ion beam, and self-heated 3ω method, are detailed. This review further illustrates that some techniques, such as thermal drawing method, result in high performance of fiber-based thermoelectric properties, which can emerge in wearable devices and smart electronics in the near future.
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Thermoelectric Properties of InA Nanowires from Full-Band Atomistic Simulations. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225350. [PMID: 33207779 PMCID: PMC7697967 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we theoretically explore the effect of dimensionality on the thermoelectric power factor of indium arsenide (InA) nanowires by coupling atomistic tight-binding calculations to the Linearized Boltzmann transport formalism. We consider nanowires with diameters from 40 nm (bulk-like) down to 3 nm close to one-dimensional (1D), which allows for the proper exploration of the power factor within a unified large-scale atomistic description across a large diameter range. We find that as the diameter of the nanowires is reduced below d < 10 nm, the Seebeck coefficient increases substantially, as a consequence of strong subband quantization. Under phonon-limited scattering conditions, a considerable improvement of ~6× in the power factor is observed around d = 10 nm. The introduction of surface roughness scattering in the calculation reduces this power factor improvement to ~2×. As the diameter is decreased to d = 3 nm, the power factor is diminished. Our results show that, although low effective mass materials such as InAs can reach low-dimensional behavior at larger diameters and demonstrate significant thermoelectric power factor improvements, surface roughness is also stronger at larger diameters, which takes most of the anticipated power factor advantages away. However, the power factor improvement that can be observed around d = 10 nm could prove to be beneficial as both the Lorenz number and the phonon thermal conductivity are reduced at that diameter. Thus, this work, by using large-scale full-band simulations that span the corresponding length scales, clarifies properly the reasons behind power factor improvements (or degradations) in low-dimensional materials. The elaborate computational method presented can serve as a platform to develop similar schemes for two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) material electronic structures.
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Shi XL, Zou J, Chen ZG. Advanced Thermoelectric Design: From Materials and Structures to Devices. Chem Rev 2020; 120:7399-7515. [PMID: 32614171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The long-standing popularity of thermoelectric materials has contributed to the creation of various thermoelectric devices and stimulated the development of strategies to improve their thermoelectric performance. In this review, we aim to comprehensively summarize the state-of-the-art strategies for the realization of high-performance thermoelectric materials and devices by establishing the links between synthesis, structural characteristics, properties, underlying chemistry and physics, including structural design (point defects, dislocations, interfaces, inclusions, and pores), multidimensional design (quantum dots/wires, nanoparticles, nanowires, nano- or microbelts, few-layered nanosheets, nano- or microplates, thin films, single crystals, and polycrystalline bulks), and advanced device design (thermoelectric modules, miniature generators and coolers, and flexible thermoelectric generators). The outline of each strategy starts with a concise presentation of their fundamentals and carefully selected examples. In the end, we point out the controversies, challenges, and outlooks toward the future development of thermoelectric materials and devices. Overall, this review will serve to help materials scientists, chemists, and physicists, particularly students and young researchers, in selecting suitable strategies for the improvement of thermoelectrics and potentially other relevant energy conversion technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lei Shi
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland 4300, Australia.,School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jin Zou
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Zhi-Gang Chen
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Queensland 4300, Australia.,School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Panwar A, Malik V, Neeleshwar S, Bagga A. Probing the path for achieving a broad temperature plateau of the figure of merit in thermoelectric nanocomposite materials. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:035405. [PMID: 31557741 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab484c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of a thermoelectric device depends directly on the average figure of merit (zT) of the material. A high average zT requires a broad temperature plateau with a high zT, but state-of-the-art thermoelectric materials display a peaked zT over a narrow temperature range due to a strong temperature dependence of transport properties. In this work, using Boltzmann transport theory, we systematically investigate the underlying physics and propose a strategy for attaining a broad temperature plateau of zT through proper engineering of the interfacial barrier height in PbTe nanocomposite material. The optimized barrier height (U constantzT) not only enhances the zT but also maintains its high value over a wide temperature range [Tmin :Tmax ]. It has been found that for p = 2.8 × 1020 cm-3, the U constantzT is 0.112 eV at which zT varies between 1.9-2.14 over a wide temperature range of 550-850 K, resulting in a high average zT of 2.02 in comparison to a bulk value of 1.22. Also, for p = 5 × 1019 cm-3, UconstantzT is 0.102 eV at which zT varies between 1.046-1.435 for a temperature range of 300-600K, resulting in a high average zT of 1.27 over a bulk value of 0.844. The above results show that the range [Tmin :Tmax ] depends on carrier concentration which, in turn, determines the position of the Fermi level (Ef ) and Fermi window at Tmin and Tmax . To obtain a broad temperature plateau of zT, the findings show that at Tmin, Ef should lie inside the band and zT should show strong variation with barrier height, whereas at Tmax , Ef should lie in the band gap and zT should have little variation with barrier height. This trend allows us to choose UconstantzT which synergistically optimizes the transport properties at Tmin with Tmax to give a broad temperature plateau of zT. This work proposes a new advantage of interfacial scattering which enhances the average zT and also provides necessary guidelines to experimentalists for synthesizing a highly efficient thermoelectric device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Panwar
- University School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi 110078, India
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Abstract
The field of thermoelectric research has undergone a renaissance and boom in the past two and a half decades, largely fueled by the prospect of engineering electronic and phononic properties in nanostructures, among which semiconductor nanowires (NWs) have served both as an important platform to investigate fundamental thermoelectric transport phenomena and as a promising route for high thermoelectric performance for diverse applications. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive look at various aspects of thermoelectrics of NWs. We start with a brief introduction of basic thermoelectric phenomena, followed by synthetic methods for thermoelectric NWs and a summary of their thermoelectric figures of merit (ZT). We then focus our discussion on charge and heat transport, which dictate thermoelectric power factor and thermal conductivity, respectively. For charge transport, we cover the basic principles governing the power factor and then review several strategies using NWs to enhance it, including earlier theoretical and experimental work on quantum confinement effects and semimetal-to-semiconductor transition, surface engineering and complex heterostructures to enhance the carrier mobility and power factor, and the recent emergence of topological insulator NWs. For phonon transport, we broadly categorize the work on thermal conductivity of NWs into five different effects: classic size effect, acoustic softening, surface roughness, complex NW morphology, and dimensional crossover. Finally, we discuss the integration of NWs for device applications for thermoelectric power generation and cooling. We conclude our review with some outlooks for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renkun Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , The University of California-San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Jaeho Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , The University of California-Irvine , Irvine , California 92697 , United States
| | - Woochul Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , The University of Hawaii at Manoa , Honolulu , Hawaii 96822 , United States
| | - Deyu Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Vanderbilt University , Nashville , Tennessee 37235-1592 , United States
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Wang S, Su X, Bailey TP, Hu T, Zhang Z, Tan G, Yan Y, Liu W, Uher C, Tang X. Optimizing the average power factor of p-type (Na, Ag) co-doped polycrystalline SnSe. RSC Adv 2019; 9:7115-7122. [PMID: 35519979 PMCID: PMC9061086 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00566h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the achievable high thermoelectric properties in SnSe single crystals, the poor mechanical properties and the relatively high cost of synthesis restrict the large scale commercial application of SnSe. Herein, we reported that co-doping with Na and Ag effectively improves the thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline SnSe. Temperature-dependent carrier mobility indicates that the grain boundary scattering is the dominant scattering mechanism near room temperature, giving rise to low electrical conductivity for the polycrystalline SnSe in comparison with that of the single crystal. Co-doping with Na and Ag improves the electrical conductivity of polycrystalline SnSe with a maximum value of 90.1 S cm−1 at 323 K in Na0.005Ag0.015Sn0.98Se, and the electrical conductivity of the (Na, Ag) co-doped samples is higher than that of the single doped samples over the whole temperature range (300–773 K). Considering the relatively high Seebeck coefficient of 335 μV K−1 at 673 K and the minimum thermal conductivity of 0.48 W m−1 K−1 at 773 K, Na0.005Ag0.015Sn0.98Se is observed to have the highest PF and ZT among the series of samples, with values of 0.50 mW cm−1 K−2 and 0.81 at 773 K, respectively. Its average PF and ZT are 0.43 mW cm−1 K−2 and 0.37, which is 92% and 68% higher than that of Na0.02Sn0.98Se, 40% and 43% higher than that of Ag0.02Sn0.98Se, and 304% and 277% higher than that of the previously reported SnSe, respectively. (Na, Ag) co-doping combines the advantages of Ag and Na single doping in terms of the electronic properties.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Xianli Su
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | | | - Tiezheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Zhengkai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Gangjian Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Yonggao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Ctirad Uher
- Department of Physics
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| | - Xinfeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing
- Wuhan University of Technology
- Wuhan
- China
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