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Feng J, Li K, Xie F, Han L, Wu Y. IL-35 ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111567. [PMID: 38335651 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) caused mainly by bacterial infection. The morbidity and mortality rates of sepsis are extremely high. About 18 million people worldwide suffer from severe sepsis each year, and about 14,000 people die from it every day. Previous studies have revealed that endothelial dysfunction plays a vital role in the pathological change of sepsis. Furthermore, endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT, EndoMT) is capable of triggering endothelial dysfunction. And yet, it remains obscure whether interleukin-35 (IL-35) can alleviate endothelial dysfunction by attenuating LPS-induced EndMT. Here, through in vivo and in vitro experiments, we revealed that IL-35 has a previously unknown function to attenuate LPS-induced endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting LPS-induced EndMT. Mechanistically, IL-35 acts by regulating the NFκB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Feng Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Leilei Han
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
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2
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He F, Chen C, Wang Y, Wang S, Lyu S, Jiao J, Huang G, Yang J. Safranal acts as a neurorestorative agent in rats with cerebral ischemic stroke via upregulating SIRT1. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:71. [PMID: 38234630 PMCID: PMC10792405 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Safranal is an active ingredient of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Its neuroprotective role in ischemic stroke (IS) through reducing oxidative stress damage has been widely reported. However, the neurorestorative mechanisms of safranal are still in the preliminary stage of exploration. the present study is aimed to discuss the effects of safranal on the recovery of neural function after IS. A middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rat model and an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (RBMEC) were established to explore the effects of safranal on IS in vivo and in vitro. It was found that safranal dramatically reduced infarct size and Nissl's body loss in rats subjected to MCAO/R. Safranal also promoted neuron survival, stimulated neurogenesis, induced angiogenesis and increased SIRT1 expression in vivo and in vitro. Silencing of SIRT1 reversed the above effects of safranal on OGD/R-induced RBMEC. The present study indicated that safranal was a promising compound to exert neurorestorative effect in IS via upregulating SIRT1 expression. These results offer insight into developing new mechanisms in the recovery of neural function after safranal treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, P.R. China
| | - Chunmian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Endocrinology, Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, P.R. China
| | - Shuen Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, P.R. China
| | - Shuangyan Lyu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, P.R. China
| | - Junqiang Jiao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, P.R. China
| | - Guoyong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Endocrinology, Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, P.R. China
| | - Jiangshun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Endocrinology, Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325006, P.R. China
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Zhang T, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Wang DG, Lv QY, Wang W, Bai YP, Hua Q, Guo LQ. Sesamin ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through inhibiting hepatocyte pyroptosis in vivo and in vitro. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1347274. [PMID: 38362146 PMCID: PMC10867836 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1347274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Sesamin (Ses) is a natural lignan abundantly present in sesame and sesame oil. Pyroptosis, a newly identified type of pro-inflammatory programmed necrosis, contributes to the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) when hepatocyte pyroptosis is excessive. In this study, Ses treatment demonstrated an improvement in hepatic damage in mice with high-fat, high-cholesterol diet-induced NASH and palmitate (PA)-treated mouse primary hepatocytes. Notably, we discovered, for the first time, that Ses could alleviate hepatocyte pyroptosis both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, treatment with phorbol myristate acetate, a protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ) agonist, increased PKCδ phosphorylation and attenuated the protective effects of Ses against pyroptosis in PA-treated mouse primary hepatocytes. Mechanistically, Ses treatment alleviated hepatocyte pyroptosis in NASH, which was associated with the regulation of the PKCδ/nod-like receptor family CARD domain-containing protein 4/caspase-1 axis. This study introduces a novel concept and target, suggesting the potential use of functional factors in food to alleviate liver damage caused by NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - De-Guo Wang
- Department of Gerontology, Geriatric Endocrinology Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Qiu-Yue Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Innovative Center for Drug Basic Research of Metabolic Diseases, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Ya-Ping Bai
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Qiang Hua
- Department of Gerontology, Geriatric Endocrinology Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Li-Qun Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Innovative Center for Drug Basic Research of Metabolic Diseases, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
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Russell T, Dirar Q, Li Y, Chiang C, Laskowitz DT, Yun Y. Cortical spheroid on perfusable microvascular network in a microfluidic device. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288025. [PMID: 37856438 PMCID: PMC10586606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived brain spheroids can recapitulate the complex cytoarchitecture of the brain, as well as the genetic/epigenetic footprint of human brain development. However, hiPSC-derived 3D models such as spheroid and organoids does not have a perfusable microvascular network, which plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis in vivo. With the critical balance of positive and negative angiogenic modulators, 3D microvascular network can be achieved by angiogenesis. This paper reports on a microfluidic-based three-dimensional, cortical spheroid grafted on the vascular-network. Vascular network was formed by inducing angiogenic sprouting using concentration gradient-driven angiogenic factors in the microfluidic device. We investigate critical factors for angiogenic vascular network formation with spheroid placement, including 1) a PKCα activator, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA); 2) orientation of endothelial cells under perfusion and permeability of vascular network; 3) effect of extracellular matrix (ECM) types and their densities on angiogenesis; and 4) integration with cortical spheroid on vascular network. This paper demonstrates proof of concept for the potential utility of a membrane-free in vitro cortical spheroid tissue construct with perfusable microvascular network that can be scaled up to a high throughput platform. It can provide a cost-effective alternative platform to animal testing by modeling brain diseases and disorders, and screening drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teal Russell
- Fostering Innovation Through Biosystems for Enhanced Scientific Technologies (FIT BEST) Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bio Engineering, College of Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Qassim Dirar
- Fostering Innovation Through Biosystems for Enhanced Scientific Technologies (FIT BEST) Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bio Engineering, College of Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Yan Li
- Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Florida A&M University-Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America
| | | | - Daniel T. Laskowitz
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Yeoheung Yun
- Fostering Innovation Through Biosystems for Enhanced Scientific Technologies (FIT BEST) Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bio Engineering, College of Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
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Xu S, Yang J, Wan H, Yu L, He Y. Combination of Radix Astragali and Safflower Promotes Angiogenesis in Rats with Ischemic Stroke via Silencing PTGS2. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032126. [PMID: 36768450 PMCID: PMC9916507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Promotion of angiogenesis and restoration of the blood flow in the ischemic penumbra is an effective treatment for patients with ischemic stroke (IS). Radix astragali-safflower (AS), a classic herbal pair for accelerating blood circulation and dispersing blood stasis, has been used for thousands of years to treat patients with IS in China. Even so, the mechanism of the treatment of IS by AS is still undecipherable. In the current study, network pharmacology was firstly employed to unveil the mechanism of AS in treating IS, which showed that AS might promote angiogenesis associated with PTGS2 silence. Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model rats were then used as the experimental animals to verify the prediction result. The experimental results revealed that treatment with AS improved the cerebral infarct volume, neurological damage, and cerebral histopathological damage; inhibited cell apoptosis; increased the contents of PDGF-BB, EPO, and TGF-β1; and reduced the levels of PF4, Ang-2, and TIMP-1 in serum. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that the expression of PTGS2 was dramatically increased in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of rats with MCAO/R, and this trend was reversed by the treatment of AS. Immunofluorescent staining expressed that AS reversed the down-regulation of VEGF and further promoted the expression of CD31, which indicated that AS promoted angiogenesis in MCAO/R rats. The abnormal protein or mRNA expression of PTGS2, PGI2, bFGF, TSP-1, and VEGF in the penumbra were transposed by AS or Celecoxib (an inhibitor of PTGS2). In conclusion, the protective mechanism of AS for IS promoted angiogenesis and was involved with PTGS2 silence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouchao Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Haitong Wan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Li Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yu He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18858286825; Fax: +86-0571-61768136
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The GPI-Anchored Protein Thy-1/CD90 Promotes Wound Healing upon Injury to the Skin by Enhancing Skin Perfusion. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012539. [PMID: 36293394 PMCID: PMC9603913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a highly regulated multi-step process that involves a plethora of signals. Blood perfusion is crucial in wound healing and abnormalities in the formation of new blood vessels define the outcome of the wound healing process. Thy-1 has been implicated in angiogenesis and silencing of the Thy-1 gene retards the wound healing process. However, the role of Thy-1 in blood perfusion during wound closure remains unclear. We proposed that Thy-1 regulates vascular perfusion, affecting the healing rate in mouse skin. We analyzed the time of recovery, blood perfusion using Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging, and tissue morphology from images acquired with a Nanozoomer tissue scanner. The latter was assessed in a tissue sample taken with a biopsy punch on several days during the wound healing process. Results obtained with the Thy-1 knockout (Thy-1−/−) mice were compared with control mice. Thy-1−/− mice showed at day seven, a delayed re-epithelialization, increased micro- to macro-circulation ratio, and lower blood perfusion in the wound area. In addition, skin morphology displayed a flatter epidermis, fewer ridges, and almost no stratum granulosum or corneum, while the dermis was thicker, showing more fibroblasts and fewer lymphocytes. Our results suggest a critical role for Thy-1 in wound healing, particularly in vascular dynamics.
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7
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Song HJ, Jeon IS, Kim SR, Park KS, Soh JW, Lee KY, Shin JC, Lee HK, Choi JK. PKC-β modulates Ca 2+ mobilization through Stim1 phosphorylation. Genes Genomics 2022; 44:571-582. [PMID: 35254656 PMCID: PMC9042968 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium ions play a pivotal role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Under basal conditions, the calcium level is tightly regulated; however, cellular activation by growth factors increase the ion level through calcium pumps in the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum for calcium signaling. Orai1 is a major calcium channel in the cell membrane of non-excitable cells, and its activity depends on the stromal interaction molecule 1 (Stim1). Several groups reported that the store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) can be modulated through phosphorylation of Stim1 by protein kinases such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), protein kinase A (PKA), and p21-activated kinase (PAK). PKC is a protein kinase that is activated by calcium and diacylglycerol (DAG), but it remains unclear what role activated PKC plays in controlling the intracellular calcium pool. OBJECTIVES Here, we investigated whether PKC-β controls intracellular calcium dynamics through Stim1. METHODS Several biochemical methods such as immune-precipitation, site directed mutagenesis, in vitro kinase assay were employed to investigate PKC interaction with and phosphorylation of Stim1. Intracellular calcium mobilization, via Stim1 mediated SOCE channel, were studied using in the presence of PKC activator or inhibitor under a confocal microscope. RESULTS Our data demonstrate that PKC interacts with and phosphorylates Stim1 in vitro. phosphorylation of Stim1 at its C-terminal end appears to be important in the regulation of SOCE activity in HEK293 and HeLa cells. Additionally, transient intracellular calcium mobilization assays demonstrate that the SOCE activity was inhibited by PKC activators or activated by PKC inhibitors. CONCLUSION In sum, our data suggest a repressive role of PKC in regulating calcium entry through SOCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Song
- Division of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Ch'ongju, 28644, Korea
| | - In-Sook Jeon
- Division of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Ch'ongju, 28644, Korea
| | - Seung Ryul Kim
- Division of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Ch'ongju, 28644, Korea
| | - Kwan Sik Park
- Division of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Ch'ongju, 28644, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Soh
- Biomedical Research Center for Signal Transduction Networks, Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon, 402-751, Korea
| | - Kwang Youl Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea
| | - Jae-Cheon Shin
- Pohang Center for Evaluation of Biomaterials, 394, Jigok-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Hak-Kyo Lee
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Chonju, 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
| | - Joong-Kook Choi
- Division of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Ch'ongju, 28644, Korea.
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Tang S, Yu Q, Ding C. Investigational spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitors for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:291-303. [PMID: 35130124 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2040014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are disorders induced by multiple inflammatory mediators, in which immune system attacks healthy tissues and triggers tissue injury. Targeted regulation of the activity of kinases that influence inflammation is one of the major therapies for ADs. Recently, investigational spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitors have shown encouraging results in the ADs therapy. AREAS COVERED This article provides a background on autoimmune diseases and provides an update on investigational SYK inhibitors. This literature review was conducted by searching publications about investigational Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of ADs from experimental to clinical studies. The search terms used were SYK inhibitors, R406, fostamatinib (R788), P505-15 (PRT062607), entospletinib (GS-9973), R112, lanraplenib (GS-9876), cerdulatinib, R343, BAY-61-3606, GSK compound 143 (GSK143), R211, SKI-G-618, SKI-O-85, ER-27319, YM193306, RO9021 in conjunction with autoimmune disease using electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE and Google Scholar. EXPERT OPINION SYK inhibitors are promising drugs with unique advantages and acceptable tolerability and safety for the treatment of ADs. However, the difficulties in developing highly selective SYK inhibitors and the unknown effects are challenges. Long term and real-world data are essential to determine the risk-benefit ratio and true role of SYK inhibitors in the therapy of ADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su'an Tang
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Centre of Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghong Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changhai Ding
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Pérez LA, Leyton L, Valdivia A. Thy-1 (CD90), Integrins and Syndecan 4 are Key Regulators of Skin Wound Healing. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:810474. [PMID: 35186924 PMCID: PMC8851320 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.810474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute skin wound healing is a multistage process consisting of a plethora of tightly regulated signaling events in specialized cells. The Thy-1 (CD90) glycoprotein interacts with integrins and the heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan 4, generating a trimolecular complex that triggers bi-directional signaling to regulate diverse aspects of the wound healing process. These proteins can act either as ligands or receptors, and they are critical for the successful progression of wound healing. The expression of Thy-1, integrins, and syndecan 4 is controlled during the healing process, and the lack of expression of any of these proteins results in delayed wound healing. Here, we review and discuss the roles and regulatory events along the stages of wound healing that support the relevance of Thy-1, integrins, and syndecan 4 as crucial regulators of skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo A. Pérez
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Program of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lisette Leyton
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Program of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Lisette Leyton, ; Alejandra Valdivia,
| | - Alejandra Valdivia
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- *Correspondence: Lisette Leyton, ; Alejandra Valdivia,
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CCCH-zinc finger antiviral protein relieves immunosuppression of T cell induced by avian leukosis virus subgroup J via NLP-PKC-δ-NFAT pathway. J Virol 2021; 96:e0134421. [PMID: 34705559 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01344-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CCCH-zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) can recognize and induce the degradation of mRNAs and proteins of certain viruses, as well as exert its antiviral activity by activating T cell. However, the mechanism of ZAP mediating T cell activation during virus infection remains unclear. Here, we found a potential function of ZAP that relieves immunosuppression of T cell induced by avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) via a novel signaling pathway that involves norbin like protein (NLP), protein kinase C delta (PKC-δ) and nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT). Specifically, ZAP expression activated T cells by promoting the dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NFAT. Furthermore, knockdown of ZAP weakened the reactivity and antiviral response of T cells. Mechanistically, ZAP reduced PKC-δ activity by up-regulating and reactivating NLP through competitively binding with viral protein. Knockdown of NLP decreased the dephosphorylation of PKC-δ by ZAP expression. Moreover, we showed that knockdown of PKC-δ reduced the phosphorylation levels of NFAT and enhanced its nuclear translocation. Taken together, these data revealed that ZAP relieves immunosuppression caused by ALV-J and mediates T cell activation through NLP-PKC-δ-NFAT pathway. Importance The evolution of host defense system is driven synchronously in the process of resisting virus invasion. Accordingly, host innate defense factors exert effectively work in suppressing virus replication. However, it remains unclear that whether the host innate defense factors are involved in antiviral immune response against the invasion of immunosuppressive viruses. Here, we found that CCCH-type zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) effectively worked in resistance on immunosuppression caused by avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J), a classic immunosuppressive virus. Evidence showed that ZAP released the phosphatase activity of NLP inhibited by ALV-J and further activated NFAT by inactivating PKC-δ. This novel molecular mechanism that ZAP regulates antiviral immune response by mediating NLP-PKC-δ-NFAT pathway has greatly enriched the understanding of the functions of host innate defense factors and provided important scientific ideas and theoretical basis for the research of immunosuppressive virus and antiviral immunity.
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A robust vasculogenic microfluidic model using human immortalized endothelial cells and Thy1 positive fibroblasts. Biomaterials 2021; 276:121032. [PMID: 34303155 PMCID: PMC9891349 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and stromal cells, such as human lung fibroblasts (FBs), have been widely used to generate functional microvascular networks (μVNs) in vitro. However, primary cells derived from different donors have batch-to-batch variations and limited lifespans when cultured in vitro, which hampers the reproducibility of μVN formation. Here, we immortalize HUVECs and FBs by exogenously expressing human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) to obtain stable endothelial cell and FB sources for μVN formation in vitro. Interestingly, we find that immortalized HUVECs can only form functional μVNs with immortalized FBs from earlier passages but not from later passages. Mechanistically, we show that Thy1 expression decreases in FBs from later passages. Compared to Thy1 negative FBs, Thy1 positive FBs express higher IGFBP2, IGFBP7, and SPARC, which are important for angiogenesis and lumen formation during vasculogenesis in 3D. Moreover, Thy1 negative FBs physically block microvessel openings, reducing the perfusability of μVNs. Finally, by culturing immortalized FBs on gelatin-coated surfaces in serum-free medium, we are able to maintain the majority of Thy1 positive immortalized FBs to support perfusable μVN formation. Overall, we establish stable cell sources for μVN formation and characterize the functions of Thy1 positive and negative FBs in vasculogenesis in vitro.
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12
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Saisorn W, Saithong S, Phuengmaung P, Udompornpitak K, Bhunyakarnjanarat T, Visitchanakun P, Chareonsappakit A, Pisitkun P, Chiewchengchol D, Leelahavanichkul A. Acute Kidney Injury Induced Lupus Exacerbation Through the Enhanced Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (and Apoptosis) in Fcgr2b Deficient Lupus Mice With Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Front Immunol 2021; 12:669162. [PMID: 34248948 PMCID: PMC8269073 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.669162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia is the most common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) that might be exacerbate lupus activity through neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and apoptosis. Here, the renal ischemia reperfusion injury (I/R) was performed in Fc gamma receptor 2b deficient (Fcgr2b-/-) lupus mice and the in vitro experiments. At 24 h post-renal I/R injury, NETs in peripheral blood neutrophils and in kidneys were detected using myeloperoxidase (MPO), neutrophil elastase (NE) and citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3), as well as kidney apoptosis (activating caspase-3), which were prominent in Fcgr2b-/- mice more compared to wild-type (WT). After 120 h renal-I/R injury, renal NETs (using MPO and NE) were non-detectable, whereas glomerular immunoglobulin (Ig) deposition and serum anti-dsDNA were increased in Fcgr2b-/- mice. These results imply that renal NETs at 24 h post-renal I/R exacerbated the lupus nephritis at 120 h post-renal I/R injury in Fcgr2b-/- lupus mice. Furthermore, a Syk inhibitor attenuated NETs, that activated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA; a NETs activator) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS; a potent inflammatory stimulator), more prominently in Fcgr2b-/- neutrophils than the WT cells as determined by dsDNA, PAD4 and MPO. In addition, the inhibitors against Syk and PAD4 attenuated lupus characteristics (serum creatinine, proteinuria, and anti-dsDNA) in Fcgr2b-/- mice at 120 h post-renal I/R injury. In conclusion, renal I/R in Fcgr2b-/- mice induced lupus exacerbation at 120 h post-I/R injury partly because Syk-enhanced renal NETs led to apoptosis-induced anti-dsDNA, which was attenuated by a Syk inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilasinee Saisorn
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary and International Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supichcha Saithong
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornpimol Phuengmaung
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanyarat Udompornpitak
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thansita Bhunyakarnjanarat
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Peerapat Visitchanakun
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Awirut Chareonsappakit
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Pisitkun
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Direkrit Chiewchengchol
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Asada Leelahavanichkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Nishimura K, Nie M, Miura S, Takeuchi S. Microfluidic Device for the Analysis of Angiogenic Sprouting under Bidirectional Biochemical Gradients. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E1049. [PMID: 33261134 PMCID: PMC7761305 DOI: 10.3390/mi11121049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we developed a spheroid culture device that can trap a spheroid in the trapping site sandwiched by two extracellular matrix gels located at the upper and lower side of the spheroid. This device can form different biochemical gradients by applying target biochemicals separately in upper and lower channels, allowing us to study the angiogenic sprouting under various biochemical gradients in different directions. In the experiments, we confirmed the trapping of the spheroids and demonstrate the investigation on the direction and extent of angiogenic sprouts under unidirectional or bidirectional biochemical gradients. We believe our device can contribute to understanding the pathophysiological phenomena driven by chemical gradients, such as tissue development and tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Nishimura
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan;
| | - Minghao Nie
- Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;
| | - Shigenori Miura
- Institute of Industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan;
| | - Shoji Takeuchi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan;
- Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;
- Institute of Industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan;
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Yang H, Sun W, Ma P, Yao C, Fan Y, Li S, Yuan J, Zhang Z, Li X, Lin M, Hou Q. Multiple Components Rapidly Screened from Perilla Leaves Attenuate Asthma Airway Inflammation by Synergistic Targeting on Syk. J Inflamm Res 2020; 13:897-911. [PMID: 33223845 PMCID: PMC7671475 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s281393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt., a classic medicinal plant, has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects in asthma. Perilla leaves extract (PLE) exerted significant therapeutic effect against allergic asthma inflammation through Syk inhibition. But the active chemical ingredients from PLE are complex and unclear, it is difficult to fully elucidate its pharmacological mechanisms. Methods A method was established for rapid screening and characterization of active ingredients from PLE that targeted Syk, with which three potential active ingredients were identified. By using OVA-induced allergic asthma mouse model in vivo, OVA-induced human PBMCs inflammation model and DNP-IgE/BSA-induced RBL-2H3 cells model in vitro, the effects and mechanisms of PLE and its active components were evaluated. Results Using Syk-affinity screening method, roseoside (RosS), vicenin-2 (Vic-2) and rosmarinic acid (RosA) were identified from PLE. In vitro, PLE and its ingredients showed significant inhibitory activities against Syk, with their mixture (Mix, prepared by RosS, Vic-2 and RosA in accordance with their ratio in Syk-conjugated beads bound fraction) showing a stronger inhibitory activity. RosS, Vic-2 and RosA also showed significant effects on allergic asthma, and a synergistic effect of Mix was observed. Moreover, treatment with PLE, RosS, Vic-2, RosA, and Mix significantly inhibited the expression and phosphorylation of Syk, PKC, NF-κB p65, and cPLA2 in allergic mice lung tissue and in RBL-2H3 cells. Conclusion PLE may alleviate allergic airway inflammation partly through the multiple components synergistic targeting on Syk and its downstream inflammatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Sun
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunsuo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yannan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiqiao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingbao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Differential expression of long noncoding RNAs from dental pulp stem cells in the microenvironment of the angiogenesis. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 113:104691. [PMID: 32247880 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Angiogenesis is important in pulp-dentin formation. Among the regulatory factors, long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) is a class of functional RNA molecules that are not translated into protein and involved in regulating multiple physiological processes. The different expression of LncRNA and its target gene in dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were explored and may provide a theoretical basis for future regulation of dental pulp angiogenesis. METHODS In this study, we cultured DPSCs from healthy dental pulp tissues and divided them into two groups: the normal DPSCs and the DPSCs cultured in vascular induction medium. In total, 40,173 LncRNA probes and 20,730 protein coding mRNAs were detected through microarray, which were then verified by the quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method. RESULTS The result of differential expressions measured in LncRNA through microarray showed that 376 LncRNAs increased significantly and 426 were downregulated among the two groups of cells. Moreover, the mRNA microarray in normal cultured DPSCs showed that 629 LncRNAs were significantly upregulated, while 529 of them were downregulated compared with the DPSCs that were cultured in vascular induction medium. Gene ontology (GO) analysis inferred the molecular function of mRNAs. Pathway analysis showed that 52 signaling pathways were involved in the differentiation process of DPSCs. qRT-PCR analysis, conducted for validation, showed results consistent with the microarray analysis. CONCLUSIONS We found that a number of different regulators are involved in inducing vascular differentiation of DPSCs, which provides a foundation for subsequent experiments.
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Sun J, Zhang Z, Yang S. Circ_RUSC2 upregulates the expression of miR-661 target gene SYK and regulates the function of vascular smooth muscle cells. Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 97:709-714. [PMID: 31199889 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2019-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have identified circRNA as a prospective direction in the field of cardiovascular research. Detection of circRNA expression in different vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypes revealed that circ_RUSC2 is upregulated in proliferative VSMCs. Sequence analysis of circ_RUSC2 showed that there are multiple binding sites of miR-661 on circ_RUSC2, and that SYK is an important target gene of miR-661. MiR-661 expression is downregulated in proliferative VSMCs, whereas the expression of SYK is upregulated. Circ_RUSC2 and miR-661 do not affect each other’s expression levels, but circ_RUSC2 can promote the expression of SYK and inhibit the expression of SM22-alpha, whereas miR-661 has the opposite effect. At the same time, VSMC proliferation and migration can be promoted by SYK or circ_RUSC2, but the linear sequence of circ_RUSC2 can not. MiR-661 and circ_RUSC2 siRNAs inhibit VSMC proliferation and migration, and promote cell apoptosis. When an miR-661 mimic or SYK siRNAs were co-transfected with circ_RUSC2 overexpression vector, VSMC proliferation, apoptosis, and migration were not significantly altered. Accordingly, circ_RUSC2 can promote the expression of SYK, a target gene of miR-661, and regulate VSMC proliferation, apoptosis, phenotypic modulation, and migration. These findings will supply a theoretical basis for studying circRNA function in VSMCs, and new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi 276400, China
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi 276400, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi 276400, China
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi 276400, China
| | - Shuguo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi 276400, China
- Department of Cardiology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi 276400, China
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Ietta F, Valacchi G, Benincasa L, Pecorelli A, Cresti L, Maioli E. Multiple mechanisms of Rottlerin toxicity in A375 melanoma cells. Biofactors 2019; 45:920-929. [PMID: 31408224 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Rottlerin is a cytostatic and cytotoxic drug in a variety of cancer cells. Our previous experience demonstrated that depending upon the genetic/biochemical background of cancer cells, rottlerin is able to induce both apoptotic and autophagic cell death, or dramatically disturb protein homeostasis leading to lethal cellular atrophy. In the current study, we investigated the cytotoxic effects and mechanisms of rottlerin against human amelanotic A375 melanoma cells. In this cell line, rottlerin exhibits its main and newest cytotoxic properties, that is, growth arrest, apoptosis induction, and translation shutoff. In fact, the drug, time-, and dose-dependently, markedly inhibited cell proliferation through cyclin D1 downregulation and induced apoptotic cell death as early as after 18 h treatment. Mechanistically, rottlerin triggered apoptosis by both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Both pathways are likely activated by the downregulation of the antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein, which simultaneously affects mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes stability. Concomitantly to extrinsic apoptosis induction, the rottlerin-activated ER stress/eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2) α axis blocked the translational apparatus. The altered proteostasis precluded the complete cells' rescue from death in the presence of apoptosis inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ietta
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- NC State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Linda Benincasa
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- NC State University, Plants for Human Health Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina
| | - Laura Cresti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Emanuela Maioli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Wang HC, Huo YN, Lee WS. Folic acid prevents the progesterone-promoted proliferation and migration in breast cancer cell lines. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:2333-2344. [PMID: 31502059 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We previously demonstrated that progesterone (P4) interacted with folic acid (FA) and abolished the FA-reduced endothelial cell proliferation and migration. These findings led us to investigate whether FA can interfere with the P4-promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. METHODS We conducted MTT and wound healing assay to evaluate cell proliferation and migration, respectively. Western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation were performed to examine the protein expression and protein-protein interaction, respectively. RESULTS We demonstrated that P4 promoted proliferation and migration of breast cancer cell lines (T47D, MCF-7, BT474, and BT483). However, co-treatment with P4 and FA together abolished these promotion effects. Treatment with P4 alone increased the formation of PR-cSrc complex and the phosphorylation of cSrc at tyrosine 416 (Tyr416). However, co-treatment with P4 and FA together increased the formations of cSrc-p140Cap, cSrc-Csk, and cSrc-p-Csk complex, and the phosphorylation of cSrc at tyrosine 527 (Tyr527). Co-treatment with P4 and FA together also abolished the activation of cSrc-mediated signaling pathways involved in the P4-promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. CONCLUSIONS Co-treatment with FA and P4 together abolished the P4-promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and migration through decreasing the formation of PR-cSrc complex and increasing the formations of cSrc-p140Cap and cSrc-Csk complex, subsequently activating Csk, which in turn suppressed the phosphorylation of cSrc at Tyr416 and increased the phosphorylation of cSrc at Tyr527, hence inactivating the cSrc-mediated signaling pathways. The findings from this study might provide a new strategy for preventing the P4-promoted breast cancer progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Nien Huo
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Cancer Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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