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Dubois E, Cherif SMA, Abidine MM, Bah MFO, Chenal J, Marshall M, Oumarou W, Grossiord C, Perona P. Nature-based solution enhances resilience to flooding and catalyzes multi-benefits in coastal cities in the Global South. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 928:172282. [PMID: 38614326 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Coastal cities are facing a rise in groundwater levels induced by sea level rise, further triggering saturation excess flooding where groundwater levels reach the topographic surface or reduce the storage capacity of the soil, thus stressing the existing infrastructure. Lowering groundwater levels is a priority for sustaining the long-term livelihood of coastal cities. In the absence of studies assessing the possibility of using tree-planting as a measure of alleviating saturation excess flooding in the context of rising groundwater levels, the multi-benefit nature of tree-planting programs as sustainable Nature-based solutions (NBSs) in coastal cities in the Global South is discussed. In environments where groundwater is shallow, trees uptake groundwater or reduce groundwater recharge, thereby contributing to lower groundwater levels and increasing the unsaturated zone thickness, further reducing the risk of saturation excess flooding. Tree-planting programs represent long-term solutions sustained by environmental factors that are complementary to conventional engineering solutions. The multi-benefit nature of such NBSs and the expected positive environmental, economic, and social outcomes make them particularly promising. Wide social acceptance was identified as crucial for the long-term success of any tree-planting program, as the social factor plays a major role in addressing most weaknesses and threats of the solution. In the case of Nouakchott City (Mauritania), where a rise in groundwater levels has led to permanent saturation excess flooding, a tree-planting program has the potential to lower the groundwater levels, thereby reducing flooding during the rainy season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Dubois
- Platform of Hydraulic Constructions, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | - Mohamed Mahmoud Abidine
- Biodiversity and Plant Resources Valorization Unit, Faculty of Science and Technology - University of Nouakchott, Nouakchott, Mauritania
| | | | - Jerome Chenal
- Excellence in Africa, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Montana Marshall
- Platform of Hydraulic Constructions, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wague Oumarou
- Centre national de la ressource en eau (CNRE) [Mauritanian Water resource Survey], Nouakchott, Mauritania
| | - Charlotte Grossiord
- Plant Ecology Research Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Functional Plant Ecology, Community Ecology Unit, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape (WSL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Perona
- Platform of Hydraulic Constructions, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Sisay K, Bekele K, Haji J, Schaffner U. Rural Households' Demand Status for Mitigation of Prosopis juliflora ( Sw.) DC Invasion and Its Determinant Factors in Ethiopia: Empirical Evidence from Afar National Regional State. ScientificWorldJournal 2024; 2024:5521245. [PMID: 38708123 PMCID: PMC11068454 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5521245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ethiopia is among the world's poorest nations, and its economy is growing extremely slowly; thus, the government's budget to manage environmental amenities is not always sufficient. Thus, for the provision of environmental management services such as the eradication of Prosopis juliflora, the participation of local households and other stakeholders is crucial. This study is therefore initiated with the objective of assessing rural households' demands for mitigating Prosopis juliflora invasion in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. A multistage sampling technique was employed to obtain the 313 sample rural households that were used in the analysis, and those sample households were selected randomly and independently from the Amibara and Awash Fentale districts of Afar National Regional State, Ethiopia. In doing this, a seemingly unrelated bivariate probit model was used to determine factors affecting rural households' demands for mitigating Prosopis juliflora invasion. Consequently, as per the inferential statistical results, there was a significant mean/percentage difference between willing and nonwilling households for the hypothesized variables, except for some variables such as farm experience; years lived in the area, distance from the market, and dependency ratio. Furthermore, the seemingly unrelated bivariate probit model result indicates that sex, family size, tenure security, livestock holding, frequency of extension contact, and years lived in the area were important factors influencing the willingness to participate in Prosopis juliflora management practices positively, whereas age, off-farm/nonincome, and bid value affected willingness to pay negatively and significantly. Hence, to improve the participation level of households, policymakers should target these variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kindineh Sisay
- School of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Ketema Bekele
- School of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Jema Haji
- School of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Urs Schaffner
- Head Ecosystem Management, CABI Switzerland, Rue des Grillons 1, Delémont 2800, Switzerland
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Pasha SV, Reddy CS. Global spatial distribution of Prosopis juliflora - one of the world's worst 100 invasive alien species under changing climate using multiple machine learning models. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:196. [PMID: 38265744 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12347-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Climate change is one of the factors contributing to the spread of invasive alien species. As a result, it is critical to investigate potential invasion dynamics on a global scale in the face of climate change. We used updated occurrence data, bioclimatic variables, and Köppen-Geiger climatic zones to better understand the climatic niche dynamics of Prosopis juliflora L. (Fabaceae). In this study, we first compared several algorithms-MaxEnt, generalized linear model (GLM), artificial neural network (ANN), generalized boosted model (GBM), generalized additive model (GAM), and random forest (RF)-to investigate the relationships between species-environment and climate for mesquite. We identified the global climate niche similarity sites (NSSs) using the coalesce approach. This study focused on the current and future climatic suitability of P. juliflora under two global circulation models (GCMs) and two climatic scenarios, i.e., Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), 4.5 and 8.5, for 2050 and 2070, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, true skill statistic (TSS), kappa coefficient, and correlation were used to evaluate model performance. Among the tested models, the machine learning algorithm random forest (RF) demonstrated the highest accuracy. The vast swaths of currently uninvaded land on multiple continents are ideal habitats for invasion. Approximately 9.65% of the area is highly suitable for the establishment of P. juliflora. Consequently, certain regions in the Americas, Africa, Asia, Europe, and Oceania have become particularly vulnerable to invasion. In relation to RCPs, we identified suitable area changes (expansion, loss, and stability). The findings of this study show that NSSs and RCPs increase the risk of invasion in specific parts of the world. Our findings contribute to a cross-border continental conservation effort to combat P. juliflora expansion into new potential invasion areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vazeed Pasha
- Forest Biodiversity and Ecology Division, National Remote Sensing Centre, ISRO, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500 037, India.
| | - C Sudhakar Reddy
- Forest Biodiversity and Ecology Division, National Remote Sensing Centre, ISRO, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500 037, India
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Eschen R, Bekele K, Jumanne Y, Kibet S, Makale F, Mbwambo JR, Megersa B, Mijay M, Moyo F, Munishi L, Mwihomeke M, Nunda W, Nyangito M, Witt A, Schaffner U. Experimental prosopis management practices and grassland restoration in three Eastern African countries. CABI AGRICULTURE AND BIOSCIENCE 2023; 4:21. [PMID: 38800115 PMCID: PMC11116197 DOI: 10.1186/s43170-023-00163-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Woody species have been introduced in many parts of the world to provide economic benefits, but some of those species are now among the worst invaders, causing widespread economic and environmental damage. Management of woody species to restore original ecosystem services, such as biodiverse grassland that can provide fodder and sequester carbon, are needed to limit the impacts of alien species. However, the best management methods, i.e., the most economically efficient and effective way to remove trees and the most effective way to restore or rehabilitate the cleared land, are not developed for many species. In Eastern Africa, prosopis (Prosopis julifora) has invaded large areas of savanna and grassland, thereby affecting, among other things, fodder and water for livestock, access to dry season grazing lands and ultimately pastoral livelihoods. We tested three prosopis treatments (manual uprooting and cut stump and basal bark herbicide application) in combination with three incremental restoration interventions (divots, divots + mulching, divots + mulching + grass seed sowing). The three-year study was replicated in Ethiopia (Afar National Regional State), Kenya (Baringo county) and Tanzania (Moshi district). Prosopis survival and vegetation development, both diversity and biomass, were recorded. The prosopis treatments were all highly effective (between 85 and 100% tree mortality in almost all cases), but the two treatments that involved the complete removal of the aboveground biomass (manual and cut stump) yielded a more productive and more diverse vegetation than the treatment that killed the trees standing (basal bark). Compared to the effect of prosopis removal, the effect of restoration interventions on vegetation composition was small, indicating that most species re-established from the soil seed bank. The results show that it is possible to restore land previously invaded by prosopis. Despite the different rates of vegetation establishment and variation in species composition, the restoration interventions resulted in vegetation that in some cases contained a substantial fraction of perennial grasses. The method chosen to control prosopis depends on the availability of resources, including herbicides, and the need to remove rootstocks if the intention is to plant crops. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43170-023-00163-5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yohana Jumanne
- The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
- Tanzanian Forestry Research Institute, Lushoto, Tanzania
| | - Staline Kibet
- Land Resource Management and Agricultural Technology (LARMAT), University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | | | | | - Francis Moyo
- The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Linus Munishi
- The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Mickfanaka Mwihomeke
- Land Resource Management and Agricultural Technology (LARMAT), University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
- CABI, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Moses Nyangito
- Land Resource Management and Agricultural Technology (LARMAT), University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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Shiferaw H, Alamirew T, Dzikiti S, Bewket W, Zeleke G, Teketay D, Schaffner U. Water abstraction of invasive Prosopis juliflora and native Senegalia senegal trees: A comparative study in the Great Rift Valley Area, Ethiopia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160833. [PMID: 36509281 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Besides direct water abstraction, natural water scarcity in semi-arid and arid regions may be further exacerbated by human-assisted changes in vegetation composition, including the invasion by non-native plant species. Water abstraction by the invasive tree Prosopis juliflora and by the native Senegalia senegal was compared in the dry Great Rift Valley, Ethiopia. Transpiration rates were quantified using the heat ratio method on six trees each of P. julifora and S. senegal, growing adjacent to each other in the same environment. Water use for P. juliflora trees ranges from 1 to 26 L/day (an average of 4.74 ± 1.97), and that of S. senegal trees from 1 to 38 L/day (an average of 5.48 ± 5.29 during two study years). For both species, soil heat, latent heat, and soil moisture status influenced the rates of sap flow of trees; in addition, water use by P. juliflora trees was related to vapor pressure deficit; the higher the vapor pressure deficit, the higher the water abstraction by P. juliflora. Stand densities of pure P. juliflora and S. senegal were 1200-1600 trees and 400-600 trees per ha, respectively. At the stand scale, P. juliflora consumed approximately 6636 L/day/ha (transpiration: 242 mm per year) and S. senegal stands consumed 2723 L/day/ha (transpiration: 87 mm per year). That is, P. juliflora stands consumed three times more water than S. senegal stands, because of two reasons: (1) P. juliflora stands are denser than S. senegal stands, and denser stands consume more water than less dense stands, and (2) P. juliflora is evergreen and uses water all year-round, while S. senegal sheds its leaves during the peak dry seasons. Our findings suggest that, compared to S. senegal, P. juliflora invasion results in severe impacts on groundwater resources of the drylands of Ethiopia, with direct and indirect consequences to ecosystem services and rural livelihoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailu Shiferaw
- Water and Land Resource Centre, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 3880, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Tena Alamirew
- Water and Land Resource Centre, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 3880, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Sebinasi Dzikiti
- Department of Horticultural Science, Stellenbosch University, P Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Woldeamlak Bewket
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Ethiopia
| | - Gete Zeleke
- Water and Land Resource Centre, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 3880, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Demel Teketay
- Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Range and Forest Resources, Private Bag 0027, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Urs Schaffner
- CABI, Rue des Grillons 1, CH-2800 Delémont, Switzerland
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Haj-Amor Z, Araya T, Kim DG, Bouri S, Lee J, Ghiloufi W, Yang Y, Kang H, Jhariya MK, Banerjee A, Lal R. Soil salinity and its associated effects on soil microorganisms, greenhouse gas emissions, crop yield, biodiversity and desertification: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 843:156946. [PMID: 35768029 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Significant research has been conducted on the effects of soil salinity issue on agricultural productivity. However, limited consideration has been given to its critical effects on soil biogeochemistry (e.g., soil microorganisms, soil organic carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions), land desertification, and biodiversity loss. This article is based on synthesis of information in 238 articles published between 1989 and 2022 on these effects of soil salinity. Principal findings are as follows: (1) salinity affects microbial community composition and soil enzyme activities due to changes in osmotic pressure and ion effects; (2) soil salinity reduces soil organic carbon (SOC) content and alters GHG emissions, which is a serious issue under intensifying agriculture and global warming scenarios; (3) soil salinity can reduce crop yield up to 58 %; (4) soil salinity, even at low levels, can cause profound alteration in soil biodiversity; (5) due to severe soil salinity, some soils are reaching critical desertification status; (6) innovate mitigation strategies of soil salinity need to be approached in a way that should support the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs). Knowledge gaps still exist mainly in the effects of salinity especially, responses of GHG emissions and biodiversity. Previous experiences quantifying soil salinity effects remained small-scale, and inappropriate research methods were sometimes applied for investigating soil salinity effects. Therefore, further studies are urgently required to improve our understanding on the effects of salinity, address salinity effects in larger-scale, and develop innovative research methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zied Haj-Amor
- Department of Agronomy, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X134, Alice 5700, South Africa.
| | - Tesfay Araya
- Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Dong-Gill Kim
- Wondo Genet College of Forest and Natural Resources, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 128, Shashemene, Ethiopia
| | - Salem Bouri
- Water, Energy, and Environment Laboratory, National Engineering School of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jaehyun Lee
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA
| | - Wahida Ghiloufi
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yerang Yang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hojeong Kang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Manoj Kumar Jhariya
- Department of Farm Forestry, University Teaching Department, Sant Gahira Guru Vishwavidyalaya (Formerly, Sarguja University), Sarguja, Ambikapur 497001, India
| | - Arnab Banerjee
- Department of Environmental Science, University Teaching Department, Sant Gahira Guru Vishwavidyalaya, Surguja (Formerly Sarguja Vishwavidyalaya, Ambikapur), Chattisgarh, India
| | - Rattan Lal
- CFAES Rattan Lal Center for Carbon Management and Sequestration, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Sharifian A, Niknahad–Gharmakher H, Foladizada M, Tabe A, Shackleton RT. Socio‐ecological evidence highlights that native
Prosopis
species are better for arid land restoration than non‐native ones. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Sharifian
- Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan Iran
- Centre for Ecological Research Institute of Ecology and Botany Vácrátót Hungary
| | - Hamid Niknahad–Gharmakher
- Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan Iran
| | - Mehdi Foladizada
- Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan Iran
| | - Auob Tabe
- Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan Iran
| | - Ross T. Shackleton
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscapes Research, WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH 8903 Switzerland
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa
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Howari FM, Sharma M, Nazzal Y, El-Keblawy A, Mir S, Xavier CM, Salem IB, Al-Taani AA, Alaydaroos F. Changes in the Invasion Rate of Prosopis juliflora and Its Impact on Depletion of Groundwater in the Northern Part of the United Arab Emirates. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:682. [PMID: 35270152 PMCID: PMC8912357 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Prosopis species were introduced to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) region for desert greening. However, the species now pose a great threat to the native plant diversity. This study used high-resolution satellite imagery (1990-2019) to understand the history and current distribution of Prosopis species and their impact on fresh groundwater. The results show that the Prosopis invasion in the study area reached its maximum expansion rate in 2019 and covered an area of about 16 km2 compared to 0.2 km2 in 1990. The areas near Sharjah Airport, Umm Fannan, and Al Talla, located at a lower elevation of the sand dune area, are heavily invaded. Prosopis groundwater requirement derived using evapotranspiration shows that groundwater consumption has changed drastically after 2010 and consumed about 22.22 million m3 of groundwater in 2019, which is about a 7372% increase in groundwater consumption from the year 1990 to 2019. The results can be useful for setting up a management plan for the sustainable use of this species in the UAE region in particular and other similar countries in the arid land regions that are suffering from freshwater depletion because of Prosopis invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares M. Howari
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates; (F.M.H.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (C.M.X.); (I.B.S.); (A.A.A.-T.)
| | - Manish Sharma
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates; (F.M.H.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (C.M.X.); (I.B.S.); (A.A.A.-T.)
| | - Yousef Nazzal
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates; (F.M.H.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (C.M.X.); (I.B.S.); (A.A.A.-T.)
| | - Ali El-Keblawy
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Shajrat Mir
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates; (F.M.H.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (C.M.X.); (I.B.S.); (A.A.A.-T.)
| | - Cijo M. Xavier
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates; (F.M.H.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (C.M.X.); (I.B.S.); (A.A.A.-T.)
| | - Imen Ben Salem
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates; (F.M.H.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (C.M.X.); (I.B.S.); (A.A.A.-T.)
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Taani
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates; (F.M.H.); (Y.N.); (S.M.); (C.M.X.); (I.B.S.); (A.A.A.-T.)
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Singh G, Nagora PR, Haksar P, Chauhan AR. Utilizing treated wastewater in tree plantation in Indian desert: part I - species suitability, plant growth and biomass production. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 24:1014-1024. [PMID: 34694940 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1993784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Treated wastewater can partly meet the requirements of water for irrigating tree crops in dry areas to better utilize, produce biomass and reduce land degradation. Seedlings of Acacia nilotica, Azadirachta indica, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Prosopis cineraria, P. juliflora, Tamarix aphylla, Salvadora persica, S. oleoides and Tecomella undulata were planted and irrigated with bore-well (BW) and treated wastewater (WW) at ½ET (Evaporation-transpiration) and ¾ET. Plants irrigated at BW1/2 attained less height and collar diameter, and showed low growth increments and dry biomass. These variables increased by 1.2-2.0-fold at WW3/4 irrigation. Plants produced 1.4-fold higher biomass with WW over BW, whereas it was 1.5-fold higher at ¾ET over ½ET. Responses of species to BW/WW irrigation differed in biomass allocation to roots and other parts as a mechanism to uptake water and nutrients. Conclusively, A. nilotica, A. indica, P. juliflora and T. aphylla had stronger preference to increased irrigation level, whereas E. camaldulensis, S. persica, S. oleoides and T. undulata had preferred nutrients added through treated wastewater. A. nilotica, E. camaldulensis, P. juliflora and A. indica were best species in growth and biomass production and wastewater utilization. These can be replicated in urban afforestation to enhance bio-product and reduce degradation in environmental quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genda Singh
- Division of Forest Ecology and Climate Change, Arid Forest research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prem Raj Nagora
- Division of Forest Ecology and Climate Change, Arid Forest research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Parul Haksar
- Division of Forest Ecology and Climate Change, Arid Forest research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Abha Rani Chauhan
- Division of Forest Ecology and Climate Change, Arid Forest research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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An Assessment of Treated Greywater Reuse in Irrigation on Growth and Protein Content of Prosopis and Albizia. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of treated greywater on growth and protein content of multipurpose (forage and ornamental) transplants, Prosopis juliflora L., Prosopis tamarugo L., and Albizia lebbeck L. Transplants of tested species were irrigated with treated greywater, diluted greywater (grey + distilled water, 1:1/by volume), and distilled water (control) for seven months. Water quality analysis showed that the concentrations of nutrients and heavy metals found in the greywater were within the acceptable range compared with Jordan Institution for Standard and Metrology (JISM) and the World Health Organization (WHO) thresholds for safe use of greywater. Escherichia coli found in the greywater were lower compared to JISM and WHO guidelines for the safe use of greywater. Irrigation with treated greywater increased shoot fresh weight by 24–39% and dry weight by 34–40% compared to diluted greywater and control. No significant difference in crude protein was noticed between water treatments. Prosopis species (P. juliflora Albizia lebbeck L. and P. tamarugo Albizia lebbeck L.) had higher shoot fresh (35%) and dry weight the same species had lower crude protein (44%) when compared to Albizia lebbeck Albizia lebbeck L. The reuse of treated greywater for landscaping or forage production alleviates the demand for water resources and reduces the pressure on wastewater treatment plants. However, considering the controversial findings of previous studies on greywater quality (especially, long-term reuse), the reuse of treated greywater needs to be considered with caution and periodic quality analyses and economic assessments are required.
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