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Golino M, Harding D, Del Buono MG, Fanti S, Mohiddin S, Toldo S, Smyth J, Sanna T, Marelli-Berg F, Abbate A. Innate and adaptive immunity in acute myocarditis. Int J Cardiol 2024; 404:131901. [PMID: 38403204 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Acute myocarditis is an acute inflammatory cardiomyopathy associated with cardiac damage triggered by a virus or a pathological immune activation. It may present with a wide range of clinical presentations, ranging from mild symptoms to severe forms like fulminant myocarditis, characterized by hemodynamic compromise and cardiogenic shock. The immune system plays a central role in the pathogenesis of myocarditis. In fact, while its function is primarily protective, aberrant responses can be detrimental. In this context, both innate and adaptive immunity play pivotal roles; notably, the innate system offers a non-specific and immediate defense, while the adaptive provides specialized protection with immunological memory. However, dysregulation in these systems can misidentify cardiac tissue, triggering autoimmune reactions and possibly leading to significant cardiac tissue damage. This review highlights the importance of innate and adaptive immune responses in the progression and treatment of acute myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Golino
- Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Daniel Harding
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Giuseppe Del Buono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Fanti
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom
| | - Saidi Mohiddin
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom; Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Toldo
- Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - James Smyth
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carillion, Roanoke, VA, United States of America; Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States of America; Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America
| | - Tommaso Sanna
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Marelli-Berg
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Antonio Abbate
- Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America.
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Wei J, Peng MY, Wang SN, Lu HX. CXCL4:NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis product that regulates cardiac fibrosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112096. [PMID: 38657496 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Severe myocarditis is often accompanied by cardiac fibrosis, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammation is involved in the development of myocarditis and is closely related to the form of cell death. Inhibiting pyroptosis mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome can reduce cardiac fibrosis, although its exact mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we induced Viral myocarditis (VMC) via infection of CVB3 to explore the relationship between pyroptosis and fibrosis. Our results showed that intraperitoneal injection of an NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 or use of NLRP3-/- mice inhibited cardiac pyroptosis mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome in VMC. CXCL4 is a chemokine that has been reported to have pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic functions. In VMC, we further found that pyroptosis of Mouse myocardial fibroblasts (MCF) promoted the secretion of CXCL4 by activating Wnt/β-Catenin signaling. Subsequently, the transcriptome sequencing data showed that CXCL4 could promote cardiac fibrosis by activating PI3K/AKT pathway. In summary, infection of CVB3 induced host oxidative stress to further activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and ultimately lead to heart pyroptosis, in which MCF secreted CXCL4 by activating Wnt/β-Catenin signaling and CXCL4 participated in cardiac fibrosis by activating PI3K/AKT pathway. Therefore, our findings revealed the role of CXCL4 in VMC and unveiled its underlying mechanism. CXCL4 appears to be a potential target for the treatment of VMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjng Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Ming Yu Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjng Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Sai Nan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjng Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Hong Xiang Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangning Hospital Affiliated to Nanjng Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjng Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China.
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Xue Y, Song T, Ke J, Lin S, Zhang J, Chen Y, Wang J, Fan Q, Chen F. MG53 protects against Coxsackievirus B3-induced acute viral myocarditis in mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis via the NF-κB signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116173. [PMID: 38552849 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Pyroptosis, a novel programmed cell death mediated by NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, is a critical pathogenic process in acute viral myocarditis (AVMC). Mitsugumin 53 (MG53) is predominantly expressed in myocardial tissues and has been reported to exert cardioprotective effects through multiple pathways. Herein, we aimed to investigate the biological function of MG53 in AVMC and its underlying regulatory mechanism in pyroptosis. BALB/c mice and HL-1 cells were infected with Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) to establish animal and cellular models of AVMC. As inflammation progressed in the myocardium, we found a progressive decrease in myocardial MG53 expression, accompanied by a significant enhancement of cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. MG53 overexpression significantly alleviated myocardial inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, and mitochondrial damage, thereby improving cardiac dysfunction in AVMC mice. Moreover, MG53 overexpression inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β/18) release, and suppressed NF-κB signaling pathway activation both in vivo and in vitro. Conversely, MG53 knockdown reduced cell viability, facilitated cell pyroptosis, and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines release in CVB3-infected HL-1 cells by promoting NF-κB activation. These effects were partially reversed by applying the NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7082. In conclusion, our results suggest that MG53 acts as a negative regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in CVB3-induced AVMC, partially by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. MG53 is a promising candidate for clinical applications in AVMC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Xue
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Fourth Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tianjiao Song
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Ke
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shirong Lin
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jiuyun Zhang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yimei Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Nanping First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Nanping, Fujian, China
| | - Qiaolian Fan
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Fourth Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Emergency, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Wang Y, Zhang Z, Li H, Wang M, Qiu Y, Lu L. miR-29b-3p regulates cardiomyocytes pyroptosis in CVB3-induced myocarditis through targeting DNMT3A. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:55. [PMID: 38643118 PMCID: PMC11031889 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00576-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral myocarditis (VMC) is a disease resulting from viral infection, which manifests as inflammation of myocardial cells. Until now, the treatment of VMC is still a great challenge for clinicians. Increasing studies indicate the participation of miR-29b-3p in various diseases. According to the transcriptome sequencing analysis, miR-29b-3p was markedly upregulated in the viral myocarditis model. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of miR-29b-3p in the progression of VMC. METHODS We used CVB3 to induce primary cardiomyocytes and mice to establish a model of viral myocarditis. The purity of primary cardiomyocytes was identified by immunofluorescence. The cardiac function of mice was detected by Vevo770 imaging system. The area of inflammatory infiltration in heart tissue was shown by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The expression of miR-29b-3p and DNMT3A was detected by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The expression of a series of pyroptosis-related proteins was detected by western blot. The role of miR-29b-3p/DNMT3A in CVB3-induced pyroptosis of cardiomyocytes was studied in this research. RESULTS Our data showed that the expression of miR-29b-3p was upregulated in CVB3-induced cardiomyocytes and heart tissues in mice. To explore the function of miR-29b-3p in CVB3-induced VMC, we conducted in vivo experiments by knocking down the expression of miR-29b-3p using antagomir. We then assessed the effects on mice body weight, histopathology changes, myocardial function, and cell pyroptosis in heart tissues. Additionally, we performed gain/loss-of-function experiments in vitro to measure the levels of pyroptosis in primary cardiomyocytes. Through bioinformatic analysis, we identified DNA methyltransferases 3A (DNMT3A) as a potential target gene of miR-29b-3p. Furthermore, we found that the expression of DNMT3A can be modulated by miR-29b-3p during CVB3 infection. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate a correlation between the expression of DNMT3A and CVB3-induced pyroptosis in cardiomyocytes. These findings unveil a previously unidentified mechanism by which CVB3 induces cardiac injury through the regulation of miR-29b-3p/DNMT3A-mediated pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyang Zhang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Qiu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Lu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao X, Luo H, Yao S, Yang T, Fu F, Yue M, Ruan H. Atrazine exposure promotes cardiomyocyte pyroptosis to exacerbate cardiotoxicity by activating NF-κB pathway. Sci Total Environ 2024; 915:170028. [PMID: 38224882 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Atrazine is a ubiquitous herbicide with persistent environmental presence and accumulation in the food chain, posing potential health hazards to organisms. Increasing evidence suggests that atrazine may have detrimental effects on various organ systems, including the nervous, digestive, and immune systems. However, the specific toxicity and underlying mechanism of atrazine-induced cardiac injury remain obscure. In this study, 4-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were administered atrazine via intragastric administration at doses of 50 and 200 mg/kg for 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. Our findings showed that atrazine exposure led to cardiac fibrosis, as evidenced by elevated heart index and histopathological scores, extensive myofiber damage, and interstitial collagen deposition. Moreover, atrazine induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, macrophage infiltration, and excessive production of inflammatory factors. Importantly, atrazine upregulated the expressions of crucial pyroptosis proteins, including NLRP3, ASC, CASPASE1, and GSDMD, via the activation of NF-κB pathway, thus promoting cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. Collectively, our findings provide novel evidence demonstrating that atrazine may exacerbate myocardial fibrosis by inducing cardiomyocyte pyroptosis, highlighting its potential role in the development of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyan Zhao
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310053, PR China; The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Huan Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Sai Yao
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Ti Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Gongli Hospital, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 200135, PR China
| | - Fangda Fu
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Ming Yue
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Hongfeng Ruan
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310053, PR China.
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Yang L, Tao W, Xie C, Chen Q, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Xiao X, Wang S, Zheng X. Interleukin-37 ameliorates periodontitis development by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulating M1/M2 macrophage polarization. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:128-139. [PMID: 37947055 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our study was designed to explore the role of IL-37 in M1/M2 macrophage polarization imbalance in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease featured by gingival inflammation and alveolar bone resorption. Recent research has revealed that regulating macrophage polarization is a viable method to ameliorate periodontal inflammation. IL-37 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine, which has been reported to inhibit innate and adaptive immunity. METHODS For in vitro experiment, mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with 0.1 ng/mL recombinant human IL-37. M1 and M2 polarizations of RAW264.7 cells were induced by 100 ng/mL LPS and 20 ng/mL IL-4, respectively. The expression of M1 (iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-6) and M2 (CD206, Arg1, and IL-10) phenotype markers in RAW264.7 cells was detected by RT-qPCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. For in vivo experiment, experimental periodontitis mouse models were established by sterile silk ligation (5-0) around the bilateral maxillary second molar of mice for 1 week. H&E staining of the maxillary alveolar bone was used to show the resorption of root cementum and dentin. Alveolar bone loss in mouse models was evaluated through micro-CT analysis. The expression of iNOS and CD206 in gingival tissues was assessed by immunohistochemistry staining. NLRP3 inflammasome activation was confirmed by western blotting. RESULTS IL-37 pretreatment reduced iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells but increased CD206, Arg1, and IL-10 in IL-4-treated RAW264.7 cells. LPS-induced upregulation in NLRP3, GSDMD, cleaved-IL-1β, and cleaved-caspase-1 expression was antagonized by IL-37 treatment. In addition, IL-37 administration ameliorated the resorption of root cementum and dentin in periodontitis mouse models. IL-37 prominently decreased iNOS+ cell population but increased CD206+ cell population in gingival tissues of periodontitis mice. The enhancement in NLRP3, GSDMD, cleaved-IL-1β, and cleaved-caspase-1 expression in the gingival tissues of periodontitis mice was offset by IL-37 administration. CONCLUSION IL-37 prevents the progression of periodontitis by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and mediating M1/M2 macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Wei Tao
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Chen Xie
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Qiuye Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Yunshan Zhao
- Integrated Department, Hainan Stomatological Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xu Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Shilu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Li J, Peng S, Yan Y, Yan S, Cao X, Li Y, Zhu L, Xu J. IL-37 counteracts inflammatory injury in the temporomandibular joint via the intracellular pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1250216. [PMID: 38053836 PMCID: PMC10694265 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1250216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The temporomandibular joint is often afflicted by osteoarthritis (TMJOA), causing pain and dysfunction, which is particularly prevalent in the elderly population. IL-37 is effective in avoiding excessive inflammatory damage to the organism. This article investigates the role and mechanism of intracellular IL-37 in TMJOA. Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, Senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining, immunofluorescence, and lentivirus were performed to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Results: The results confirmed that IL-37 in synovial cells decreased with aging. Inflammatory stimulus elevated intracellular IL-37 in synoviocytes, while lentiviral knockdown of IL-37 resulted in more inflammatory factor production. Dynamic changes of IL-37 were observed in the nucleus and supernatant. In addition, Caspease-1 inhibitor hindered intracellular IL-37 maturation, and Smad3 inhibitor caused the loss of nuclear translocation of mature IL-37. Transfection of synovial cells with IL-37-expressing lentivirus resulted in relief not only of synovitis but also of the cartilage damage and inflammation caused by synovitis. Conclusion: This study provides new insights into the intracellular anti-inflammatory mechanism of IL-37. It also confirms that IL-37 decreases with cellular senescence and that increasing intracellular IL-37 can effectively treat synovitis and synovitis-induced inflammatory damage to cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Sisi Peng
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Yan
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Shan Yan
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Cao
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Luying Zhu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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Xu J, Zhou Z, Zheng Y, Yang S, Huang K, Li H. Roles of inflammasomes in viral myocarditis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1149911. [PMID: 37256114 PMCID: PMC10225676 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1149911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral myocarditis (VMC), characterized by viral infection-induced inflammation, is a life-threatening disease associated with dilated cardiomyopathy or heart failure. Innate immunity plays a crucial role in the progression of inflammation, in which inflammasomes provide a platform for the secretion of cytokines and mediate pyroptosis. Inflammasomes are rising stars gaining increasing attention. The nucleotide oligomerization domain-, leucine-rich repeat-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, the caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 8 (CARD8) inflammasome, and the caspase-11 inflammasome are three inflammasomes that were reported to affect the process and prognosis of VMC. These inflammasomes can be activated by a wide range of cellular events. Accumulating evidence has suggested that inflammasomes are involved in different stages of VMC, including the trigger and progression of myocardial injury and remodeling after infection. In this review, we summarized the pathways involving inflammasomes in VMC and discussed the potential therapies targeting inflammasomes and related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihao Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yidan Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sai Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Institution of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huili Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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