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von Stromberg K, Seddar L, Ip WH, Günther T, Gornott B, Weinert SC, Hüppner M, Bertzbach LD, Dobner T. The human adenovirus E1B-55K oncoprotein coordinates cell transformation through regulation of DNA-bound host transcription factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2310770120. [PMID: 37883435 PMCID: PMC10622919 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310770120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional adenovirus E1B-55K oncoprotein can induce cell transformation in conjunction with adenovirus E1A gene products. Previous data from transient expression studies and in vitro experiments suggest that these growth-promoting activities correlate with E1B-55K-mediated transcriptional repression of p53-targeted genes. Here, we analyzed genome-wide occupancies and transcriptional consequences of species C5 and A12 E1B-55Ks in transformed mammalian cells by combinatory ChIP and RNA-seq analyses. E1B-55K-mediated repression correlates with tethering of the viral oncoprotein to p53-dependent promoters via DNA-bound p53. Moreover, we found that E1B-55K also interacts with and represses transcription of numerous p53-independent genes through interactions with transcription factors that play central roles in cancer and stress signaling. Our results demonstrate that E1B-55K oncoproteins function as promiscuous transcriptional repressors of both p53-dependent and -independent genes and further support the model that manipulation of cellular transcription is central to adenovirus-induced cell transformation and oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Seddar
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Wing-Hang Ip
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Thomas Günther
- Virus Genomics, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Britta Gornott
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Sophie-Celine Weinert
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Max Hüppner
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Luca D. Bertzbach
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Thomas Dobner
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
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Lin L, Holmes B, Shen MW, Kammeron D, Geijsen N, Gifford DK, Sherwood RI. Comprehensive Mapping of Key Regulatory Networks that Drive Oncogene Expression. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108426. [PMID: 33238122 PMCID: PMC7724632 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is controlled by the collective binding of transcription factors to cis-regulatory regions. Deciphering gene-centered regulatory networks is vital to understanding and controlling gene misexpression in human disease; however, systematic approaches to uncovering regulatory networks have been lacking. Here we present high-throughput interrogation of gene-centered activation networks (HIGAN), a pipeline that employs a suite of multifaceted genomic approaches to connect upstream signaling inputs, trans-acting TFs, and cis-regulatory elements. We apply HIGAN to understand the aberrant activation of the cytidine deaminase APOBEC3B, an intrinsic source of cancer hypermutation. We reveal that nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and AP-1 pathways are the most salient trans-acting inputs, with minor roles for other inflammatory pathways. We identify a cis-regulatory architecture dominated by a major intronic enhancer that requires coordinated NF-κB and AP-1 activity with secondary inputs from distal regulatory regions. Our data demonstrate how integration of cis and trans genomic screening platforms provides a paradigm for building gene-centered regulatory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht 3584 CT, the Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Holmes
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Max W Shen
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Computational and Systems Biology Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Darnell Kammeron
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht 3584 CT, the Netherlands
| | - Niels Geijsen
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht 3584 CT, the Netherlands; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
| | - David K Gifford
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Richard I Sherwood
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht 3584 CT, the Netherlands.
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Study on the Mechanism of Ginseng in the Treatment of Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2658795. [PMID: 32802118 PMCID: PMC7415121 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2658795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Ginseng, a traditional Chinese medicine, was used to prevent and treat many diseases such as diabetes, inflammation, and cancer. In recent years, there are some reports about the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma with ginseng monomer compounds, but there is no systematic study on the related core targets and mechanism of ginseng in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma up to now. Therefore, this study systematically and comprehensively studied the molecular mechanism of ginseng in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma based on network pharmacology and further proved the potential targets by A549 cell experiments for the first time. Methods The targets of disease and drug were obtained from Gene database. Subsequently, the compound-target network was constructed, and the core potential targets were screened out by plug-in into Cytoscape. Furthermore, the core targets and mechanism of ginseng in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma were verified by MTT test, cell scratch test, immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR. Results 1791 disease targets and 144 drug targets were obtained by searching the Gene database. Meanwhile, 15 core targets were screened out: JUN, MAPK8, PTGS2, CASP3, VEGFA, MMP9, AKT1, TNF, FN1, FOS, MMP782, IL-1β, IL-2, ICAM1, and HMOX1. The results of cell experiments indicate that ginseng could treat lung adenocarcinoma by cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. In addition, according to the results of the 15 core targets by qRT-PCR, JUN, IL-1β, IL-2, ICAM1, HMOX1, MMP9, and MMP2 are upregulated core targets, while PTGS2 and TNF are downregulated core targets. Conclusion This study systematically and comprehensively studied 15 core targets by network pharmacology for the first time. Subsequently, it is verified that 9 core targets for ginseng treatment of lung adenocarcinoma, namely, JUN, IL-1β, IL-2, ICAM1, HMOX1, MMP9, MMP2, PTGS2, and TNF, are closely related to the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma cells. This study has reference value for the clinical application of ginseng in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Cao S, Li L, Li J, Zhao H. MiR-1299 Impedes the Progression of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Through EGFR/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:7493-7502. [PMID: 32801771 PMCID: PMC7398754 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s250396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most malignant tumors. In which, numerous miRNAs had been reported to participate in the pathogenesis. However, the expression and function of miR-1299 in NSCLC are not clear. Methods To explore the roles of miR-1299 in NSCLC, we detected the levels of miR-1299 in clinical samples of NSCLC and investigated the role of miR-1299 in the regulation of the NSCLC cells proliferation, metastasis, and EMT. Luciferase reporter assay was employed to verify the target of miR-1299. Additionally, the proliferation, metastasis, and EMT of A549 and H1299 cells were analyzed after the overexpression and knockdown of miR-1299. Results We found that the miR-1299 expression negatively corresponded with the clinical stage and overall survival in NSCLC patients. Overexpression of miR-1299 inhibited the migration, invasion, and EMT of A549 and H1975 cells. Meanwhile, we proved that miR-1299 is the sponge of EGFR. Besides, our results suggested that miR-1299 inhibits the progression of NSCLC cells through the PI3K/Akt signal pathway. Conclusion We demonstrated that miR-1299 inhibits the progression of NSCLC through the EGFR/PI3K/Akt signal pathway. Therapeutic intervention targeting the miR-1299 may provide a potential strategy for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengya Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Longfei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongying Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Cui Y, Wang Y, Deng J, Hu G, Dong F, Zhang Q. Chrysotile effects on the expression of anti-oncogene P53 and P16 and oncogene C-jun and C-fos in Wistar rats' lung tissues. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:22378-22388. [PMID: 28905283 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chrysotile is the most widely used form of asbestos worldwide. China is the world's largest consumer and second largest producer of chrysotile. The carcinogenicity of chrysotile has been extensively documented, and accumulative evidence has shown that chrysotile is capable of causing lung cancer and other forms of cancer. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the tumorigenic effects of chrysotile remained poorly understood. To explore the carcinogenicity of chrysotile, Wistar rats were administered by intratracheal instillation (by an artificial route of administration) for 0, 0.5, 2, or 8 mg/ml of natural chrysotile (from Mangnai, Qinghai, China) dissolved in saline, repeated once a month for 6 months (a repeated high-dose exposure which may have little bearing on the effects following human exposure). The lung tissues were analyzed for viscera coefficients and histopathological alterations. Expression of P53, P16, C-JUN, and C-FOS was measured by western blotting and qRT-PCR. Our results found that chrysotile exposure leads the body weight to grow slowly and lung viscera coefficients to increase in a dose-dependent manner. General sample showed white nodules, punctiform asbestos spots, and irregular atrophy; moreover, HE staining revealed inflammatory infiltration, damage of alveolar structures, agglomerations, and pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, chrysotile can induce inactivation of the anti-oncogene P53 and P16 and activation of the proto-oncogenes C-JUN and C-FOS both in the messenger RNA and protein level. In conclusion, chrysotile induced an imbalanced expression of cancer-related genes in rats' lung tissue. These results contribute to our understanding of the carcinogenic mechanism of chrysotile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cui
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchan Wang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 404 Hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gongli Hu
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Faqin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and the Resource Recycle, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingbi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Ohgami N, Yamanoshita O, Thang ND, Yajima I, Nakano C, Wenting W, Ohnuma S, Kato M. Carcinogenic risk of chromium, copper and arsenic in CCA-treated wood. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 206:456-60. [PMID: 26275730 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We showed that 2.1% of 233 pieces of lumber debris after the Great East Japan Earthquake was chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated wood. Since hexavalent chromium (Cr), copper (Cu) and pentavalent arsenic (As) in the debris may be diffused in the air via incineration, we exposed human lung normal (BEAS-2B) and carcinoma (A549) cells to Cr, Cu and As at the molar ratio in a representative CCA-treated wood. Co-exposure to 0.10 μM Cr and 0.06 μM As, which solely had no effect on colony formation, synergistically promoted colony formation in BEAS-2B cells, but not A549 cells, with activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Sole exposure and co-exposure to Cu showed limited effects. Since previous reports showed Cr and As concentrations to which human lungs might be exposed, our results suggest the importance to avoid diffusion of Cr and As in the air via incineration of debris including CCA-treated wood after the disaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobutaka Ohgami
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; Nutritional Health Science Research Center, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamanoshita
- Unit of Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Nguyen Dinh Thang
- Unit of Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yajima
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; Unit of Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Chihiro Nakano
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Wu Wenting
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shoko Ohnuma
- Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masashi Kato
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; Unit of Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Health Care in Universities, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan.
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Shen Y, Meng L, Sun H, Zhu Y, Liu H. Cochinchina MomordicaSeed Suppresses Proliferation and Metastasis in Human Lung Cancer Cells by Regulating Multiple Molecular Targets. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:149-66. [PMID: 25649746 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x1550010x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cochinchina Momordica Seed, which is the dried ripe seed of Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng, has been used as a mainly anticancer ingredient for many years in China. This study aims at investigating the roles of an ethanol-soluble extract of Cochinchina Momordica Seed (ECMS) in suppressing the proliferation and metastasis of human lung cancer cells, and further elucidating underlying molecular mechanisms. Our researches suggest that ECMS dose-dependently decreased the survival rates of A549 and H1299 cells, and inhibited the migration and invasion in A549 cells. ECMS-induced apoptosis was accompanied by up-regulation of p53, Bax and the down-regulation of Bcl-2, PI-3K/Akt signal pathway, and resulted in the dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and sequentially activated caspase-3 cascade. Pre-treated with specific inhibitors, LY294002 (PI-3K inhibitor) and BAY11-7082 (NF-κB inhibitor) could enhance the anti-proliferation effects of ECMS on A549 cells. Furthermore, ECMS could increase the level of E-cadherin and decrease of the level of STAT-3 and MMP-2, and scarcely affected the expression of VEGF, and resulted in the inhibition of migration and invasion. Pre-treated with specific inhibitors, WP1066 (STAT-3 inhibitor) and TIMP-2 (MMP-2 inhibitor) could enhance the inhibitory effects of ECMS on migration. In conclusion, the current data demonstrated ECMS inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells by inducing apoptosis, at least partly through the activation of p53 and inactivation of PI-3K/Akt signaling. STAT-3 and MMP-2 pathways may be partly involved in anti-metastasis activities of ECMS. Hence, ECMS might be a promising candidate for the therapy of the non-small cell lung cancer by regulating multiple molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, China
| | - Linyi Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, China
| | - Huajun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, China
| | - Yizhun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongrui Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhong X, Fan Y, Ritzenthaler JD, Zhang W, Wang K, Zhou Q, Roman J. Novel link between prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and cholinergic signaling in lung cancer: The role of c-Jun in PGE2-induced α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression and tumor cell proliferation. Thorac Cancer 2015; 6:488-500. [PMID: 26273406 PMCID: PMC4511329 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) stimulates tumor cell growth and progression. α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is a major mediator of cholinergic signaling in tumor cells. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms by which PGE2 increases non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) proliferation via α7 nAChR induction. METHODS The effects of PGE2 on α7 nAChR expression, promoter activity, and cell signaling pathways were detected by Western blot analysis, real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and transient transfection assay. The effect of PGE2 on cell growth was determined by cell viability assay. RESULTS We found that PGE2 induced α7 nAChR expression and its promoter activity in NSCLC cells. The stimulatory role of PGE2 on cell proliferation was attenuated by α7 nAChR small interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNA) or acetylcholinesterase. PGE2-induced α7 nAChR expression was blocked by an antagonist of the PGE2 receptor subtype EP4 and by EP4 siRNA. Furthermore, PGE2 enhanced α7 nAChR expression via activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K), and protein kinase A (PKA) pathways followed by increased c-Jun expression, a critical transcription factor. Blockade of c-Jun diminished the effects of PGE2 on α7 nAChR promoter activity and protein expression, and cell growth. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that PGE2 promotes NSCLC cell growth through increased α7 nAChR expression. This effect is dependent on EP4-mediated activation of JNK, PI3K, and PKA signals that induce c-Jun protein expression and α7 nAChR gene promoter activity. Our findings unveil a novel link between prostanoids and cholinergic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoRong Zhong
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky, USA ; Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky, USA ; Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jeffrey D Ritzenthaler
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - WenJing Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Ke Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky, USA ; Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - QingHua Zhou
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jesse Roman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky, USA ; Louisville Veterans Affairs Medical Center Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Guo SY, Zhu XD, Ge LY, Qu S, Li L, Su F, Guo Y. RNAi-mediated knockdown of the c-jun gene sensitizes radioresistant human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2R to radiation. Oncol Rep 2014; 33:1155-60. [PMID: 25571870 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated downregulation of the expression of the c-jun gene (a proto-oncogene) on the radiosensitivity of a radioresistant human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line (CNE-2R) and to validate its potential as an anticancer target. A lentiviral vector with c-jun small hairpin RNA (shRNA) was constructed and transfected into CNE-2R cells. The gene silencing efficiency of these recombinants was confirmed by RT-PCR and western blotting. Radiosensitivity, cell proliferation, cell cycle profile and apoptosis were assessed using colony formation assay, CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The lentiviral shRNA efficiently knocked down the expression of c-jun at both the mRNA and protein levels (P<0.05). c-jun-downregulated CNE-2R cells exhibited significantly decreased cell proliferation and enhanced radiosensitivity compared to the control group (P<0.05), and the effects were likely due to G2/M phase arrest and enhanced cell apoptosis. These data provide evidence that c-jun may be involved in the radioresistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and knockdown of the c-jun gene may be a potential strategy to enhance the radiation sensitivity of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yan Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Ying Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Song Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Fang Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ya Guo
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaanxi 710049, P.R. China
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PIK3CA gene mutations and overexpression: implications for prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in Chinese esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103021. [PMID: 25054828 PMCID: PMC4108430 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To evaluate PIK3CA gene mutations and PIK3CA expression status in Chinese esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients, and their correlation with clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes. Methods Direct sequencing was applied to investigate mutations in exons 9 and 20 of PIK3CA in 406 Chinese ESCC patients. PIK3CA expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry analysis. The associations of PIK3CA gene mutations and PIK3CA expression with clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcome were examined. Results Thirty somatic point mutations (30/406, 7.4%) were identified in exon 9 whereas no mutations were detected in exon 20. PIK3CA mutations were not correlated with clinicopathological characteristics or clinical outcomes. However in the ESCC patients with family cancer history, PIK3CA mutations were independently correlated with worse overall survival (multivariate hazard ratio (HR) = 10.493, 95% CI: 2.432–45.267, P = 0.002). Compared to normal esophageal tissue, PIK3CA was significantly overexpressed in cancer tissue (P<0.001). PIK3CA overexpression was independently associated with higher risk of local recurrence (multivariate HR = 1.435, 95% CI: 1.040–1.979, P = 0.028). In female ESCC patients, PIK3CA overexpression was independently correlated with worse overall survival (multivariate HR = 2.341, 95% CI: 1.073–5.108, P = 0.033). Conclusions Our results suggest PIK3CA gene mutation and overexpression could act as biomarkers for individualized molecular targeted therapy for Chinese ESCC patients.
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Wojtalla A, Arcaro A. Targeting phosphoinositide 3-kinase signalling in lung cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2011; 80:278-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Merikallio H, Pääkkö P, Harju T, Soini Y. Claudins 10 and 18 are predominantly expressed in lung adenocarcinomas and in tumors of nonsmokers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2011; 4:667-673. [PMID: 22076167 PMCID: PMC3209607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We investigated the expression of claudins 18 and 10 in a large set of primary lung carcinomas. METHODS AND RESULTS Immunohistochemical expression of claudin 18 was seen in 12.7 % and claudin 10 in 12.5 % of lung carcinomas. Their expression significantly associated with each other (p<0.001). The expression of claudin 18 and 10 was most prominent in lung adenocarcinomas which displayed positivity in 21.2% and 23.4 % of cases. Female patients had more often claudin 18 and 10 positive tumors, also separately in adenocarcinomas. Interestingly, claudin 10 (p=0.036) and claudin 18 (p=0.001) were more common in tumours of nonsmokers. In adenocarcinomas claudin 18 predicted a better survival (p=0.032). In Cox multivariate analysis, claudin 18 had an independent prognostic value (p=0.027). CONCLUSION The results show that both claudins are most commonly expressed in lung adenocarcinomas and they are more occasionally detected in other histological tumour types. Curiously, female patients and non-smokers express these claudins more commonly suggesting that they may play a part in the carcinogenesis of tobacco unrelated carcinoma. Claudin 18 associated with a better survival in lung adenocarcinoma and had an independent prognostic value and may thus be used in the evaluation of patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heta Merikallio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Research Unit, Clinical Research Center, Oulu University HospitalOulu, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Unit, Centre of Excellence in Research, University of OuluOulu, Finland
| | - Paavo Pääkkö
- Department of Pathology, Oulu University HospitalOulu, Finland
| | - Terttu Harju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Research Unit, Clinical Research Center, Oulu University HospitalOulu, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Unit, Centre of Excellence in Research, University of OuluOulu, Finland
| | - Ylermi Soini
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern FinlandKuopio, Finland; Cancer Center of Eastern Finland
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Raina D, Kosugi M, Ahmad R, Panchamoorthy G, Rajabi H, Alam M, Shimamura T, Shapiro GI, Supko J, Kharbanda S, Kufe D. Dependence on the MUC1-C oncoprotein in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:806-16. [PMID: 21421804 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-10-1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells are often associated with constitutive activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) → Akt → mTOR pathway. The mucin 1 (MUC1) heterodimeric glycoprotein is aberrantly overexpressed in NSCLC cells and induces gene signatures that are associated with poor survival of NSCLC patients. The present results show that the MUC1 C-terminal subunit (MUC1-C) cytoplasmic domain associates with PI3K p85 in NSCLC cells. We show that inhibition of MUC1-C with cell-penetrating peptides blocks this interaction with PI3K p85 and suppresses constitutive phosphorylation of Akt and its downstream effector, mTOR. In concert with these results, treatment of NSCLC cells with the MUC1-C peptide inhibitor GO-203 was associated with downregulation of PI3K → Akt signaling and inhibition of growth. GO-203 treatment was also associated with increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induction of necrosis by a ROS-dependent mechanism. Moreover, GO-203 treatment of H1975 (EGFR L858R/T790M) and A549 (K-Ras G12S) xenografts growing in nude mice resulted in tumor regressions. These findings indicate that NSCLC cells are dependent on MUC1-C both for activation of the PI3K → Akt pathway and for survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Raina
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Dana 830, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Antimetastatic activity of polyphenol-rich extract of Ecklonia cava through the inhibition of the Akt pathway in A549 human lung cancer cells. Food Chem 2011; 127:1229-36. [PMID: 25214119 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 12/26/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An ethyl acetate extract (ECE) of a brown alga, Ecklonia cava, was examined for its anti-metastatic effect, using A549 human lung carcinoma cells. ECE treatment significantly suppressed the migration and invasion of A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. It also strongly down-regulated the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 activity of the cancer cells by gelatin zymography assay. For elucidating its mechanism of action in cancer cell metastasis, ECE was further investigated for various cell signalling pathways, including JNK, ERK, p38, and Akt. In this, ECE showed an anti-metastatic effect in a concentration- and time-dependent manner by the mechanism of suppression of Akt and p38, but not JNK and ERK. These results, for the first time, suggest that ECE (a polyphenol-enriched, highly anti-oxidative fraction of brown alga, E. cava) may have therapeutic potential in metastatic lung cancer, based on its strong inhibitory effects on the migration and invasiveness of A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells.
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Kikuchi J, Kinoshita I, Shimizu Y, Kikuchi E, Takeda K, Aburatani H, Oizumi S, Konishi J, Kaga K, Matsuno Y, Birrer MJ, Nishimura M, Dosaka-Akita H. Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) protein 4 as a marker for proliferation and its clinical and clinicopathological significance in non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2010; 72:229-37. [PMID: 20884074 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2010.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 08/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins 2-7 form a complex essential for the initiation of DNA replication. In the process to screen expression changes related to growth suppression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells by a cJun dominant-negative mutant, we found that reduced expression of MCM4 was correlated with this growth suppression. METHOD We determined the relevance of MCM4 in proliferation of NSCLC by downregulating its expression with small-interfering RNA in three NSCLC cell lines. We then immunohistochemically analyzed MCM4 expression in 156 surgically resected NSCLCs to correlate clinicopathologic characteristics. RESULTS MCM4 downregulation reduced proliferation in two cell lines. MCM4 expression was higher in cancer cells than in adjacent normal bronchial epithelial cells (p<0.001). High MCM4 expression was correlated with male gender, heavy smoking, poorer differentiation and non-adenocarcinoma histology (p<0.001, respectively). High MCM4 expression was also correlated with proliferation markers, Ki-67 and cyclin E expression (p<0.001, respectively). MCM4 expression was not associated with survival. CONCLUSION MCM4 may play an essential role in the proliferation of some NSCLC cells. Taken together with higher expression in NSCLCs and its correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics such as non-adenocarcinoma histology, MCM4 may have potential as a therapeutic target in certain population with NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Kikuchi
- First Department of Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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Tichelaar JW, Yan Y, Tan Q, Wang Y, Estensen RD, Young MR, Colburn NH, Yin H, Goodin C, Anderson MW, You M. A dominant-negative c-jun mutant inhibits lung carcinogenesis in mice. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2010; 3:1148-56. [PMID: 20716630 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-10-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in the United States and worldwide. The identification of key regulatory and molecular mechanisms involved in lung tumorigenesis is therefore critical to increase our understanding of this disease and could ultimately lead to targeted therapies to improve prevention and treatment. Induction of members of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor family has been described in human non-small cell lung carcinoma. Activation of AP-1 can either stimulate or repress transcription of multiple gene targets, ultimately leading to increased cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis. In the present study, we show induction of AP-1 in carcinogen-induced mouse lung tumors compared with surrounding normal lung tissue. We then used a transgenic mouse model directing conditional expression of the dominant-negative c-jun mutant TAM67 in lung epithelial cells to determine the effect of AP-1 inhibition on mouse lung tumorigenesis. Consistent with low AP-1 activity in normal lung tissue, TAM67 expression had no observed effects in adult mouse lung. TAM67 decreased tumor number and overall lung tumor burden in chemically induced mouse lung tumor models. The most significant inhibitory effect was observed on carcinoma burden compared with lower-grade lesions. Our results support the concept that AP-1 is a key regulator of mouse lung tumorigenesis, and identify AP-1-dependent transcription as a potential target to prevent lung tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay W Tichelaar
- Department of Surgery, The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Shrotriya S, Kundu JK, Na HK, Surh YJ. Diallyl Trisulfide Inhibits Phorbol Ester–Induced Tumor Promotion, Activation of AP-1, and Expression of COX-2 in Mouse Skin by Blocking JNK and Akt Signaling. Cancer Res 2010; 70:1932-40. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-3501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Inhibitory effects of andrographolide on migration and invasion in human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells via down-regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 632:23-32. [PMID: 20097193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2009] [Revised: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of death among cancers worldwide and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprises more than 80% of lung cancer cases. Treatment options for patients with advanced NSCLC have evolved in the last decade with the advent of novel biological agents. Andrographolide, a diterpenoid lactone isolated from a traditional herbal medicine Andrographis paniculata, is known to have the potential to be developed as a chemotherapeutic agent. In order to understand the anti-cancer properties of andrographolide, we examined its effect on migration and invasion in human NSCLC A549 cells. The results of wound-healing assay and in vitro transwell assay revealed that andrographolide inhibited dose-dependently the migration and invasion of A549 cells under non-cytotoxic concentrations. Molecular data showed that the effect of andrographolide in A549 cells might be mediated via sustained inactivation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signal involved in the up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Our results showed that andrographolide exerted an inhibitory effect on the activity and the mRNA and protein levels of MMP-7, but not MMP-2 or MMP-9. The andrographolide-inhibited MMP-7 expression or activity appeared to occur via activator protein-1 (AP-1) because of its DNA binding activity was suppressed by andrographolide. Additionally, the transfection of Akt over-expression vector (Akt1 cDNA) to A549 cells could result in an increase expression of MMP-7 concomitantly with a marked induction on cell invasion. These findings suggested that the inhibition on MMP-7 expression by andrographolide may be through suppression on PI3K/Akt/AP-1 signaling pathway, which in turn led to the reduced invasiveness of the cancer cells.
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