1
|
Göttig L, Jummer S, Staehler L, Groitl P, Karimi M, Blanchette P, Kosulin K, Branton PE, Schreiner S. The human adenovirus PI3K-Akt activator E4orf1 is targeted by the tumor suppressor p53. J Virol 2024; 98:e0170123. [PMID: 38451084 PMCID: PMC11019960 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01701-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdV) are classified as DNA tumor viruses due to their potential to mediate oncogenic transformation in non-permissive mammalian cells and certain human stem cells. To achieve transformation, the viral early proteins of the E1 and E4 regions must block apoptosis and activate proliferation: the former predominantly through modulating the cellular tumor suppressor p53 and the latter by activating cellular pro-survival and pro-metabolism protein cascades, such as the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K-Akt) pathway, which is activated by HAdV E4orf1. Focusing on HAdV-C5, we show that E4orf1 is necessary and sufficient to stimulate Akt activation through phosphorylation in H1299 cells, which is not only hindered but repressed during HAdV-C5 infection with a loss of E4orf1 function in p53-positive A549 cells. Contrary to other research, E4orf1 localized not only in the common, cytoplasmic PI3K-Akt-containing compartment, but also in distinct nuclear aggregates. We identified a novel inhibitory mechanism, where p53 selectively targeted E4orf1 to destabilize it, also stalling E4orf1-dependent Akt phosphorylation. Co-IP and immunofluorescence studies showed that p53 and E4orf1 interact, and since p53 is bound by the HAdV-C5 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, we also identified E4orf1 as a novel factor interacting with E1B-55K and E4orf6 during infection; overexpression of E4orf1 led to less-efficient E3 ubiquitin ligase-mediated proteasomal degradation of p53. We hypothesize that p53 specifically subverts the pro-survival function of E4orf1-mediated PI3K-Akt activation to protect the cell from metabolic hyper-activation or even transformation.IMPORTANCEHuman adenoviruses (HAdV) are nearly ubiquitous pathogens comprising numerous subtypes that infect various tissues and organs. Among many encoded proteins that facilitate viral replication and subversion of host cellular processes, the viral E4orf1 protein has emerged as an intriguing yet under-investigated player in the complex interplay between the virus and its host. Nonetheless, E4orf1 has gained attention as a metabolism activator and oncogenic agent, while recent research is showing that E4orf1 may play a more important role in modulating the cellular pathways such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt-mTOR. Our study reveals a novel and general impact of E4orf1 on host mechanisms, providing a novel basis for innovative antiviral strategies in future therapeutic settings. Ongoing investigations of the cellular pathways modulated by HAdV are of great interest, particularly since adenovirus-based vectors actually serve as vaccine or gene vectors. HAdV constitute an ideal model system to analyze the underlying molecular principles of virus-induced tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Göttig
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Jummer
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Luisa Staehler
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Groitl
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maryam Karimi
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Paola Blanchette
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karin Kosulin
- Molecular Microbiology, Children’s Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philip E. Branton
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sabrina Schreiner
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (Resolving Infection Susceptibility; EXC 2155), Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zemke NR, Hsu E, Barshop WD, Sha J, Wohlschlegel JA, Berk AJ. Adenovirus E1A binding to DCAF10 targets proteasomal degradation of RUVBL1/2 AAA+ ATPases required for quaternary assembly of multiprotein machines, innate immunity, and responses to metabolic stress. J Virol 2023; 97:e0099323. [PMID: 37962355 PMCID: PMC10734532 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00993-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Inactivation of EP300/CREBB paralogous cellular lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) during the early phase of infection is a consistent feature of DNA viruses. The cell responds by stabilizing transcription factor IRF3 which activates transcription of scores of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), inhibiting viral replication. Human respiratory adenoviruses counter this by assembling a CUL4-based ubiquitin ligase complex that polyubiquitinylates RUVBL1 and 2 inducing their proteasomal degradation. This inhibits accumulation of active IRF3 and the expression of anti-viral ISGs, allowing replication of the respiratory HAdVs in the face of inhibition of EP300/CBEBBP KAT activity by the N-terminal region of E1A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. Zemke
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Emily Hsu
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - William D. Barshop
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, San Jose, California, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and the Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jihui Sha
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, San Jose, California, USA
| | - James A. Wohlschlegel
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, San Jose, California, USA
| | - Arnold J. Berk
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Božinović K, Nestić D, Grellier E, Raddi N, Cornilleau G, Ambriović-Ristov A, Benihoud K, Majhen D. NGR-bearing human adenovirus type 5 infects cells in flotillin- or caveolin-mediated manner depending on the NGR insertion site. Biomater Adv 2023; 155:213681. [PMID: 37944448 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses represent attractive candidates for the design of cancer gene therapy vectors. Modification of adenovirus tropism by incorporating a targeting ligand into the adenovirus capsid proteins allows retargeting of adenovirus towards the cells of interest. Human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-C5) bearing NGR containing peptide (CNGRCVSGCAGRC) inserted into the fiber (AdFNGR) or the hexon (AdHNGR) protein demonstrated an increased transduction of endothelial cells showing expression of aminopeptidase N, also known as CD13, and αvβ3 integrin both present on tumor vasculature, indicating that NGR-bearing adenoviruses could be used as tools for anti-angiogenic cancer therapy. Here we investigated how AdFNGR and AdHNGR infect cells lacking HAdV-C5 primary receptor, coxsackie and adenovirus receptor, and we showed that both AFNGR and AdHNGR enter cells by dynamin- and lipid raft-mediated endocytosis, while clathrin is not required for endocytosis of these viruses. We present evidence that productive infection of both AdFNGR and AdHNGR involves lipid rafts, with usage of flotillin-mediated cell entry for AdFNGR and limited role of caveolin in AdHNGR transduction efficiency. Lipid rafts play important role in angiogenesis and process of metastasis. Therefore, the ability of AdFNGR and AdHNGR to use lipid raft-dependent endocytosis, involving respectively flotillin- or caveolin-mediated pathway, could give them an advantage in targeting tumor cells lacking HAdV-C5 primary receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ksenija Božinović
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Nestić
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Elodie Grellier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Metabolic and Systemic Aspects of Oncogenesis for New Therapeutic Approaches, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Najat Raddi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Metabolic and Systemic Aspects of Oncogenesis for New Therapeutic Approaches, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Gaétan Cornilleau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Metabolic and Systemic Aspects of Oncogenesis for New Therapeutic Approaches, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Andreja Ambriović-Ristov
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Karim Benihoud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Metabolic and Systemic Aspects of Oncogenesis for New Therapeutic Approaches, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Dragomira Majhen
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Metabolic and Systemic Aspects of Oncogenesis for New Therapeutic Approaches, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Effantin G, Hograindleur MA, Fenel D, Fender P, Vassal-Stermann E. Toward the understanding of DSG2 and CD46 interaction with HAdV-11 fiber, a super-complex analysis. J Virol 2023; 97:e0091023. [PMID: 37921471 PMCID: PMC10688334 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00910-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The main limitation of oncolytic vectors is neutralization by blood components, which prevents intratumoral administration to patients. Enadenotucirev, a chimeric HAdV-11p/HAdV-3 adenovirus identified by bio-selection, is a low seroprevalence vector active against a broad range of human carcinoma cell lines. At this stage, there's still some uncertainty about tropism and primary receptor utilization by HAdV-11. However, this information is very important, as it has a direct influence on the effectiveness of HAdV-11-based vectors. The aim of this work is to determine which of the two receptors, DSG2 and CD46, is involved in the attachment of the virus to the host, and what role they play in the early stages of infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daphna Fenel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - Pascal Fender
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chalabi Hagkarim N, Ip WH, Bertzbach LD, Abualfaraj T, Dobner T, Molloy DP, Stewart GS, Grand RJ. Identification of Adenovirus E1B-55K Interaction Partners through a Common Binding Motif. Viruses 2023; 15:2356. [PMID: 38140597 PMCID: PMC10747525 DOI: 10.3390/v15122356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The adenovirus C5 E1B-55K protein is crucial for viral replication and is expressed early during infection. It can interact with E4orf6 to form a complex that functions as a ubiquitin E3 ligase. This complex targets specific cellular proteins and marks them for ubiquitination and, predominantly, subsequent proteasomal degradation. E1B-55K interacts with various proteins, with p53 being the most extensively studied, although identifying binding sites has been challenging. To explain the diverse range of proteins associated with E1B-55K, we hypothesized that other binding partners might recognize the simple p53 binding motif (xWxxxPx). In silico analyses showed that many known E1B-55K binding proteins possess this amino acid sequence; therefore, we investigated whether other xWxxxPx-containing proteins also bind to E1B-55K. Our findings revealed that many cellular proteins, including ATR, CHK1, USP9, and USP34, co-immunoprecipitate with E1B-55K. During adenovirus infection, several well-characterized E1B-55K binding proteins and newly identified interactors, including CSB, CHK1, and USP9, are degraded in a cullin-dependent manner. Notably, certain binding proteins, such as ATR and USP34, remain undegraded during infection. Structural predictions indicate no conservation of structure around the proposed binding motif, suggesting that the interaction relies on the correct arrangement of tryptophan and proline residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Chalabi Hagkarim
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Wing-Hang Ip
- Leibniz Institute of Virology, Department of Viral Transformation, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Luca D. Bertzbach
- Leibniz Institute of Virology, Department of Viral Transformation, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tareq Abualfaraj
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Taibah University, P.O. Box 344, Madinah 41477, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas Dobner
- Leibniz Institute of Virology, Department of Viral Transformation, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - David P. Molloy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Grant S. Stewart
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Roger J. Grand
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
White L, Erbay B, Blair GE. The Cajal body protein p80-coilin forms a complex with the adenovirus L4-22K protein and facilitates the nuclear export of adenovirus mRNA. mBio 2023; 14:e0145923. [PMID: 37795984 PMCID: PMC10653806 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01459-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The architecture of sub-nuclear structures of eucaryotic cells is often changed during the infectious cycle of many animal and plant viruses. Cajal bodies (CBs) form a major sub-nuclear structure whose functions may include the regulation of cellular RNA metabolism. During the lifecycle of human adenovirus 5 (Ad5), CBs are reorganized from their spherical-like structure into smaller clusters termed microfoci. The mechanism of this reorganization and its significance for virus replication has yet to be established. Here we show that the major CB protein, p80-coilin, facilitates the nuclear export of Ad5 transcripts. Depletion of p80-coilin by RNA interference led to lowered levels of viral proteins and infectious virus. p80-coilin was found to form a complex with the viral L4-22K protein in Ad5-infected cells and in some reorganized microfoci. These findings assign a new role for p80-coilin as a potential regulator of infection by a human DNA virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura White
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Bilgi Erbay
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - G. Eric Blair
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
von Stromberg K, Seddar L, Ip WH, Günther T, Gornott B, Weinert SC, Hüppner M, Bertzbach LD, Dobner T. The human adenovirus E1B-55K oncoprotein coordinates cell transformation through regulation of DNA-bound host transcription factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2310770120. [PMID: 37883435 PMCID: PMC10622919 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310770120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional adenovirus E1B-55K oncoprotein can induce cell transformation in conjunction with adenovirus E1A gene products. Previous data from transient expression studies and in vitro experiments suggest that these growth-promoting activities correlate with E1B-55K-mediated transcriptional repression of p53-targeted genes. Here, we analyzed genome-wide occupancies and transcriptional consequences of species C5 and A12 E1B-55Ks in transformed mammalian cells by combinatory ChIP and RNA-seq analyses. E1B-55K-mediated repression correlates with tethering of the viral oncoprotein to p53-dependent promoters via DNA-bound p53. Moreover, we found that E1B-55K also interacts with and represses transcription of numerous p53-independent genes through interactions with transcription factors that play central roles in cancer and stress signaling. Our results demonstrate that E1B-55K oncoproteins function as promiscuous transcriptional repressors of both p53-dependent and -independent genes and further support the model that manipulation of cellular transcription is central to adenovirus-induced cell transformation and oncogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Seddar
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Wing-Hang Ip
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Thomas Günther
- Virus Genomics, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Britta Gornott
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Sophie-Celine Weinert
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Max Hüppner
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Luca D. Bertzbach
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Thomas Dobner
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bidart JE, Pertino MW, Schmeda-Hirschmann G, Alché LE, Petrera E. Antiviral Effect of Natural and Semisynthetic Diterpenoids against Adenovirus Infection in vitro. Planta Med 2023; 89:1001-1009. [PMID: 36940926 DOI: 10.1055/a-2058-3635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and re-emergence of viruses has highlighted the need to develop new broad-spectrum antivirals to mitigate human infections. Pursuing our search for new bioactive plant-derived molecules, we study several diterpene derivatives synthesized from jatropholones A and B and carnosic acid isolated from Jatropha isabellei and Rosmarinus officinalis, respectively. Here, we investigate the antiviral effect of the diterpenes against human adenovirus (HAdV-5) that causes several infections for which there is no approved antiviral therapy yet. Ten compounds are evaluated and none of them present cytotoxicity in A549 cells. Only compounds 2, 5 and 9 inhibit HAdV-5 replication in a concentration-dependent manner, without virucidal activity, whereas the antiviral action takes place after virus internalization. The expression of viral proteins E1A and Hexon is strongly inhibited by compounds 2 and 5 and, in a lesser degree, by compound 9. Since compounds 2, 5 and 9 prevent ERK activation, they might exert their antiviral action by interfering in the host cell functions required for virus replication. Besides, the compounds have an anti-inflammatory profile since they significantly inhibit the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 produced by THP-1 cells infected with HAdV-5 or with an adenoviral vector. In conclusion, diterpenes 2, 5 and 9 not only exert antiviral activity against adenovirus but also are able to restrain pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by the virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Esteban Bidart
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas-IVIT, CICVyA, INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Mariano Walter Pertino
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca, Chile
| | - Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca, Chile
| | - Laura Edith Alché
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Erina Petrera
- Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Martín-González N, Gómez-González A, Hernando-Pérez M, Bauer M, Greber UF, San Martín C, de Pablo PJ. Adenovirus core protein V reinforces the capsid and enhances genome release from disrupted particles. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eade9910. [PMID: 37027464 PMCID: PMC10081844 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade9910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Out of the three core proteins in human adenovirus, protein V is believed to connect the inner capsid surface to the outer genome layer. Here, we explored mechanical properties and in vitro disassembly of particles lacking protein V (Ad5-ΔV). Ad5-ΔV particles were softer and less brittle than the wild-type ones (Ad5-wt), but they were more prone to release pentons under mechanical fatigue. In Ad5-ΔV, core components did not readily diffuse out of partially disrupted capsids, and the core appeared more condensed than in Ad5-wt. These observations suggest that instead of condensing the genome, protein V antagonizes the condensing action of the other core proteins. Protein V provides mechanical reinforcement and facilitates genome release by keeping DNA connected to capsid fragments that detach during disruption. This scenario is in line with the location of protein V in the virion and its role in Ad5 cell entry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Martín-González
- Departament of Condensed Matter Physics, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Institute of Condensed Matter Physics (IFIMAC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Gómez-González
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mercedes Hernando-Pérez
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs F. Greber
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carmen San Martín
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro J. de Pablo
- Departament of Condensed Matter Physics, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Institute of Condensed Matter Physics (IFIMAC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Charman M, Grams N, Kumar N, Halko E, Dybas JM, Abbott A, Lum KK, Blumenthal D, Tsopurashvili E, Weitzman MD. A viral biomolecular condensate coordinates assembly of progeny particles. Nature 2023; 616:332-338. [PMID: 37020020 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05887-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates formed by phase separation can compartmentalize and regulate cellular processes1,2. Emerging evidence has suggested that membraneless subcellular compartments in virus-infected cells form by phase separation3-8. Although linked to several viral processes3-5,9,10, evidence that phase separation contributes functionally to the assembly of progeny particles in infected cells is lacking. Here we show that phase separation of the human adenovirus 52-kDa protein has a critical role in the coordinated assembly of infectious progeny particles. We demonstrate that the 52-kDa protein is essential for the organization of viral structural proteins into biomolecular condensates. This organization regulates viral assembly such that capsid assembly is coordinated with the provision of viral genomes needed to produce complete packaged particles. We show that this function is governed by the molecular grammar of an intrinsically disordered region of the 52-kDa protein, and that failure to form condensates or to recruit viral factors that are critical for assembly results in failed packaging and assembly of only non-infectious particles. Our findings identify essential requirements for coordinated assembly of progeny particles and demonstrate that phase separation of a viral protein is critical for production of infectious progeny during adenovirus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Charman
- Division of Protective Immunity, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Division of Cancer Pathobiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Nicholas Grams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Namrata Kumar
- Division of Protective Immunity, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Cancer Pathobiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Edwin Halko
- Division of Protective Immunity, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Cancer Pathobiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph M Dybas
- Division of Protective Immunity, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Cancer Pathobiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amber Abbott
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Krystal K Lum
- Division of Protective Immunity, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Cancer Pathobiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel Blumenthal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Cell Pathology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Matthew D Weitzman
- Division of Protective Immunity, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Division of Cancer Pathobiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wienen F, Nilson R, Allmendinger E, Graumann D, Fiedler E, Bosse-Doenecke E, Kochanek S, Krutzke L. Affilin-based retargeting of adenoviral vectors to the epidermal growth factor receptor. Biomater Adv 2023; 144:213208. [PMID: 36442453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) by oncolytic adenoviral vectors holds promise as an efficient anti-cancer therapy. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) represents an attractive target receptor since it is frequently overexpressed in many types of HNSCC. METHODS To achieve EGFR-specific targeting by human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-5) based vectors, the EGFR affinity ligand Affilin was covalently attached in a position specific manner either to the fiber or the hexon protein of the vector capsid. In vitro and in vivo studies investigated EGFR-specific cancer cell transduction, susceptibility to natural sequestration mechanisms, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution profiles of Affilin-decorated vectors. RESULTS Affilin-decorated vectors showed strongly enhanced and EGFR-specific cancer cell transduction in vitro and less susceptibility to known sequestration mechanisms of HAdV-5 particles. However, in vivo neither systemic nor intratumoral vector administration resulted in an improved transduction of EGFR-positive tumors. Comprehensive analyses indicated hampered EGFR-targeting by Affilin-decorated vectors was caused by rapid vector particle consumption due to binding to the murine EGFR, insufficient tumor vascularization and poor target accessibility for Affilin in the solid tumor caused by a pronounced tumor stroma. CONCLUSION In vitro studies yielded proof-of-concept results demonstrating that covalent attachment of a receptor-specific Affilin to the adenoviral capsid provides an effective and versatile tool to address cancer-specific target receptors by adenoviral vectors. Regarding EGFR as the vector target, off-target tissue transduction and low receptor accessibility within the tumor tissue prevented efficient tumor transduction by Affilin-decorated vectors, rendering EGFR a difficult-to-target receptor for adenoviral vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Wienen
- Department of Gene Therapy, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Robin Nilson
- Department of Gene Therapy, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ellen Allmendinger
- Department of Gene Therapy, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - David Graumann
- Department of Gene Therapy, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Erik Fiedler
- Navigo Proteins GmbH, Heinrich-Damerow-Str. 1, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Kochanek
- Department of Gene Therapy, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Lea Krutzke
- Department of Gene Therapy, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Alemán MV, Bertzbach LD, Speiseder T, Ip WH, González RA, Dobner T. Global Transcriptome Analyses of Cellular and Viral mRNAs during HAdV-C5 Infection Highlight New Aspects of Viral mRNA Biogenesis and Cytoplasmic Viral mRNA Accumulations. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112428. [PMID: 36366526 PMCID: PMC9692883 DOI: 10.3390/v14112428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that human adenoviruses such as species C, types 2 and 5 (HAdV-C2 and HAdV-C5), induce a nearly complete shutoff of host-cell protein synthesis in the infected cell, simultaneously directing very efficient production of viral proteins. Such preferential expression of viral over cellular genes is thought to be controlled by selective nucleocytoplasmic export and translation of viral mRNA. While detailed knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms responsible for the translation of viral mRNA is available, the viral or cellular mechanisms of mRNA biogenesis are not completely understood. To identify parameters that control the differential export of viral and cellular mRNAs, we performed global transcriptome analyses (RNAseq) and monitored temporal nucleocytoplasmic partitioning of viral and cellular mRNAs during HAdV-C5 infection of A549 cells. Our analyses confirmed previously reported features of the viral mRNA expression program, as a clear shift in viral early to late mRNA accumulation was observed upon transition from the early to the late phase of viral replication. The progression into the late phase of infection, however, did not result in abrogation of cellular mRNA export; rather, viral late mRNAs outnumbered viral early and most cellular mRNAs by several orders of magnitude during the late phase, revealing that viral late mRNAs are not selectively exported but outcompete cellular mRNA biogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Valdés Alemán
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
| | - Luca D. Bertzbach
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Speiseder
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wing Hang Ip
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ramón A. González
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
| | - Thomas Dobner
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nestić D, Božinović K, Drašković I, Kovačević A, van den Bosch J, Knežević J, Custers J, Ambriović-Ristov A, Majhen D. Human Adenovirus Type 26 Induced IL-6 Gene Expression in an αvβ3 Integrin- and NF-κB-Dependent Manner. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040672. [PMID: 35458402 PMCID: PMC9028149 DOI: 10.3390/v14040672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The low seroprevalent human adenovirus type 26 (HAdV26)-based vaccine vector was the first adenovirus-based vector to receive marketing authorization from European Commission. HAdV26-based vaccine vectors induce durable humoral and cellular immune responses and, as such, represent a highly valuable tool for fighting infectious diseases. Despite well-described immunogenicity in vivo, the basic biology of HAdV26 still needs some refinement. The aim of this study was to determine the pro-inflammatory cytokine profile of epithelial cells infected with HAdV26 and then investigate the underlying molecular mechanism. The expression of studied genes and proteins was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Confocal microscopy was used to visualize HAdV26 cell uptake. We found that HAdV26 infection in human epithelial cells triggers the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, namely IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α, with the most pronounced difference shown for IL-6. We investigated the underlying molecular mechanism and observed that HAdV26-induced IL-6 gene expression is αvβ3 integrin dependent and NF-κB mediated. Our findings provide new data regarding pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression in HAdV26-infected epithelial cells, as well as details concerning HAdV26-induced host signaling pathways. Information obtained within this research increases our current knowledge of HAdV26 basic biology and, as such, can contribute to further development of HAdV26-based vaccine vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davor Nestić
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.N.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.K.); (J.v.d.B.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Ksenija Božinović
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.N.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.K.); (J.v.d.B.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Isabela Drašković
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.N.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.K.); (J.v.d.B.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Alen Kovačević
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.N.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.K.); (J.v.d.B.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Jolien van den Bosch
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.N.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.K.); (J.v.d.B.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Jelena Knežević
- Laboratory for Advanced Genomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Faculty for Dental Medicine and Health, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Jerome Custers
- Janssen Vaccines and Preventions BV, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Andreja Ambriović-Ristov
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.N.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.K.); (J.v.d.B.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Dragomira Majhen
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.N.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.K.); (J.v.d.B.); (A.A.-R.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tsoukas RL, Volkwein W, Gao J, Schiwon M, Bahlmann N, Dittmar T, Hagedorn C, Ehrke-Schulz E, Zhang W, Baiker A, Ehrhardt A. A Human In Vitro Model to Study Adenoviral Receptors and Virus Cell Interactions. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050841. [PMID: 35269463 PMCID: PMC8909167 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop adenoviral cell- or tissue-specific gene delivery, understanding of the infection mechanisms of adenoviruses is crucial. Several adenoviral attachment proteins such as CD46, CAR and sialic acid have been identified and studied. However, most receptor studies were performed on non-human cells. Combining our reporter gene-tagged adenovirus library with an in vitro human gene knockout model, we performed a systematic analysis of receptor usage comparing different adenoviruses side-by-side. The CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to knockout CD46 and CAR in the human lung epithelial carcinoma cell line A549. Knockout cells were infected with 22 luciferase-expressing adenoviruses derived from adenovirus species B, C, D and E. HAdV-B16, -B21 and -B50 from species B1 as well as HAdV-B34 and -B35 were found to be CD46-dependent. HAdV-C5 and HAdV-E4 from species E were found to be CAR-dependent. Regarding cell entry of HAdV-B3 and -B14 and all species D viruses, both CAR and CD46 play a role, and here, other receptors or attachment structures may also be important since transductions were reduced but not completely inhibited. The established human knockout cell model enables the identification of the most applicable adenovirus types for gene therapy and to further understand adenovirus infection biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael L. Tsoukas
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany; (R.L.T.); (J.G.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (E.E.-S.); (W.Z.)
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Wolfram Volkwein
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany; (W.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Jian Gao
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany; (R.L.T.); (J.G.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (E.E.-S.); (W.Z.)
| | - Maren Schiwon
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany; (R.L.T.); (J.G.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (E.E.-S.); (W.Z.)
| | - Nora Bahlmann
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany; (R.L.T.); (J.G.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (E.E.-S.); (W.Z.)
| | - Thomas Dittmar
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany;
| | - Claudia Hagedorn
- Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University (UW/H), 58448 Witten, Germany;
| | - Eric Ehrke-Schulz
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany; (R.L.T.); (J.G.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (E.E.-S.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany; (R.L.T.); (J.G.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (E.E.-S.); (W.Z.)
| | - Armin Baiker
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany; (W.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Anja Ehrhardt
- Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany; (R.L.T.); (J.G.); (M.S.); (N.B.); (E.E.-S.); (W.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pfitzner S, Bosse JB, Hofmann-Sieber H, Flomm F, Reimer R, Dobner T, Grünewald K, Franken LE. Human Adenovirus Type 5 Infection Leads to Nuclear Envelope Destabilization and Membrane Permeability Independently of Adenovirus Death Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13034. [PMID: 34884837 PMCID: PMC8657697 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV5) infects epithelial cells of the upper and lower respiratory tract. The virus causes lysis of infected cells and thus enables spread of progeny virions to neighboring cells for the next round of infection. The mechanism of adenovirus virion egress across the nuclear barrier is not known. The human adenovirus death protein (ADP) facilitates the release of virions from infected cells and has been hypothesized to cause membrane damage. Here, we set out to answer whether ADP does indeed increase nuclear membrane damage. We analyzed the nuclear envelope morphology using a combination of fluorescence and state-of-the-art electron microscopy techniques, including serial block-face scanning electron microscopy and electron cryo-tomography of focused ion beam-milled cells. We report multiple destabilization phenotypes of the nuclear envelope in HAdV5 infection. These include reduction of lamin A/C at the nuclear envelope, large-scale membrane invaginations, alterations in double membrane separation distance and small-scale membrane protrusions. Additionally, we measured increased nuclear membrane permeability and detected nuclear envelope lesions under cryoconditions. Unexpectedly, and in contrast to previous hypotheses, ADP did not have an effect on lamin A/C reduction or nuclear permeability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Søren Pfitzner
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.P.); (J.B.B.); (H.H.-S.); (F.F.); (R.R.); (T.D.)
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens B. Bosse
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.P.); (J.B.B.); (H.H.-S.); (F.F.); (R.R.); (T.D.)
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Virology, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Helga Hofmann-Sieber
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.P.); (J.B.B.); (H.H.-S.); (F.F.); (R.R.); (T.D.)
| | - Felix Flomm
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.P.); (J.B.B.); (H.H.-S.); (F.F.); (R.R.); (T.D.)
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Virology, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rudolph Reimer
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.P.); (J.B.B.); (H.H.-S.); (F.F.); (R.R.); (T.D.)
| | - Thomas Dobner
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.P.); (J.B.B.); (H.H.-S.); (F.F.); (R.R.); (T.D.)
| | - Kay Grünewald
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.P.); (J.B.B.); (H.H.-S.); (F.F.); (R.R.); (T.D.)
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Universität Hamburg, Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Linda E. Franken
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; (S.P.); (J.B.B.); (H.H.-S.); (F.F.); (R.R.); (T.D.)
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gabitzsch E, Safrit JT, Verma M, Rice A, Sieling P, Zakin L, Shin A, Morimoto B, Adisetiyo H, Wong R, Bezawada A, Dinkins K, Balint J, Peykov V, Garban H, Liu P, Bacon A, Bone P, Drew J, Sanford DC, Spilman P, Sender L, Rabizadeh S, Niazi K, Soon-Shiong P. Dual-Antigen COVID-19 Vaccine Subcutaneous Prime Delivery With Oral Boosts Protects NHP Against SARS-CoV-2 Challenge. Front Immunol 2021; 12:729837. [PMID: 34603305 PMCID: PMC8481919 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.729837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a dual-antigen COVID-19 vaccine incorporating genes for a modified SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S-Fusion) and the viral nucleocapsid (N) protein with an Enhanced T-cell Stimulation Domain (N-ETSD) to increase the potential for MHC class II responses. The vaccine antigens are delivered by a human adenovirus serotype 5 platform, hAd5 [E1-, E2b-, E3-], previously demonstrated to be effective in the presence of Ad immunity. Vaccination of rhesus macaques with the hAd5 S-Fusion + N-ETSD vaccine by subcutaneous prime injection followed by two oral boosts elicited neutralizing anti-S IgG and T helper cell 1-biased T-cell responses to both S and N that protected the upper and lower respiratory tracts from high titer (1 x 106 TCID50) SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Notably, viral replication was inhibited within 24 hours of challenge in both lung and nasal passages, becoming undetectable within 7 days post-challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohit Verma
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | - Adrian Rice
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | | | - Lise Zakin
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | - Annie Shin
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Raymond Wong
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | | | - Kyle Dinkins
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Philip Liu
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | | | - Pete Bone
- IosBio, Burgess Hill, United Kingdom
| | - Jeff Drew
- IosBio, Burgess Hill, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Kayvan Niazi
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hidalgo P, Pimentel A, Mojica-Santamaría D, von Stromberg K, Hofmann-Sieber H, Lona-Arrona C, Dobner T, González RA. Evidence That the Adenovirus Single-Stranded DNA Binding Protein Mediates the Assembly of Biomolecular Condensates to Form Viral Replication Compartments. Viruses 2021; 13:1778. [PMID: 34578359 PMCID: PMC8473285 DOI: 10.3390/v13091778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A common viral replication strategy is characterized by the assembly of intracellular compartments that concentrate factors needed for viral replication and simultaneously conceal the viral genome from host-defense mechanisms. Recently, various membrane-less virus-induced compartments and cellular organelles have been shown to represent biomolecular condensates (BMCs) that assemble through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). In the present work, we analyze biophysical properties of intranuclear replication compartments (RCs) induced during human adenovirus (HAdV) infection. The viral ssDNA-binding protein (DBP) is a major component of RCs that contains intrinsically disordered and low complexity proline-rich regions, features shared with proteins that drive phase transitions. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and time-lapse studies in living HAdV-infected cells, we show that DBP-positive RCs display properties of liquid BMCs, which can fuse and divide, and eventually form an intranuclear mesh with less fluid-like features. Moreover, the transient expression of DBP recapitulates the assembly and liquid-like properties of RCs in HAdV-infected cells. These results are of relevance as they indicate that DBP may be a scaffold protein for the assembly of HAdV-RCs and should contribute to future studies on the role of BMCs in virus-host cell interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Hidalgo
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arturo Pimentel
- Laboratorio Nacional de Microscopía Avanzada (LNMA), Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
| | - Diana Mojica-Santamaría
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
| | | | | | - Christian Lona-Arrona
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
| | - Thomas Dobner
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ramón A González
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bates EA, Counsell JR, Alizert S, Baker AT, Suff N, Boyle A, Bradshaw AC, Waddington SN, Nicklin SA, Baker AH, Parker AL. In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Human Adenovirus Type 49 as a Vector for Therapeutic Applications. Viruses 2021; 13:1483. [PMID: 34452348 PMCID: PMC8402785 DOI: 10.3390/v13081483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The human adenovirus phylogenetic tree is split across seven species (A-G). Species D adenoviruses offer potential advantages for gene therapy applications, with low rates of pre-existing immunity detected across screened populations. However, many aspects of the basic virology of species D-such as their cellular tropism, receptor usage, and in vivo biodistribution profile-remain unknown. Here, we have characterized human adenovirus type 49 (HAdV-D49)-a relatively understudied species D member. We report that HAdV-D49 does not appear to use a single pathway to gain cell entry, but appears able to interact with various surface molecules for entry. As such, HAdV-D49 can transduce a broad range of cell types in vitro, with variable engagement of blood coagulation FX. Interestingly, when comparing in vivo biodistribution to adenovirus type 5, HAdV-D49 vectors show reduced liver targeting, whilst maintaining transduction of lung and spleen. Overall, this presents HAdV-D49 as a robust viral vector platform for ex vivo manipulation of human cells, and for in vivo applications where the therapeutic goal is to target the lung or gain access to immune cells in the spleen, whilst avoiding liver interactions, such as intravascular vaccine applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. Bates
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; (E.A.B.); (A.T.B.)
| | - John R. Counsell
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK;
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Sophie Alizert
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (S.A.); (A.C.B.); (S.A.N.)
| | - Alexander T. Baker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; (E.A.B.); (A.T.B.)
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Natalie Suff
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK;
| | - Ashley Boyle
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, EGA Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, 86-96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (A.B.); (S.N.W.)
| | - Angela C. Bradshaw
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (S.A.); (A.C.B.); (S.A.N.)
| | - Simon N. Waddington
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, EGA Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, 86-96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (A.B.); (S.N.W.)
- MRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witswatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Stuart A. Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (S.A.); (A.C.B.); (S.A.N.)
| | - Andrew H. Baker
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (S.A.); (A.C.B.); (S.A.N.)
- Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Alan L. Parker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; (E.A.B.); (A.T.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Persson BD, John L, Rafie K, Strebl M, Frängsmyr L, Ballmann MZ, Mindler K, Havenga M, Lemckert A, Stehle T, Carlson LA, Arnberg N. Human species D adenovirus hexon capsid protein mediates cell entry through a direct interaction with CD46. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2020732118. [PMID: 33384338 PMCID: PMC7826407 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2020732118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus species D (HAdV-D) types are currently being explored as vaccine vectors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other severe infectious diseases. The efficacy of such vector-based vaccines depends on functional interactions with receptors on host cells. Adenoviruses of different species are assumed to enter host cells mainly by interactions between the knob domain of the protruding fiber capsid protein and cellular receptors. Using a cell-based receptor-screening assay, we identified CD46 as a receptor for HAdV-D56. The function of CD46 was validated in infection experiments using cells lacking and overexpressing CD46, and by competition infection experiments using soluble CD46. Remarkably, unlike HAdV-B types that engage CD46 through interactions with the knob domain of the fiber protein, HAdV-D types infect host cells through a direct interaction between CD46 and the hexon protein. Soluble hexon proteins (but not fiber knob) inhibited HAdV-D56 infection, and surface plasmon analyses demonstrated that CD46 binds to HAdV-D hexon (but not fiber knob) proteins. Cryoelectron microscopy analysis of the HAdV-D56 virion-CD46 complex confirmed the interaction and showed that CD46 binds to the central cavity of hexon trimers. Finally, soluble CD46 inhibited infection by 16 out of 17 investigated HAdV-D types, suggesting that CD46 is an important receptor for a large group of adenoviruses. In conclusion, this study identifies a noncanonical entry mechanism used by human adenoviruses, which adds to the knowledge of adenovirus biology and can also be useful for development of adenovirus-based vaccine vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B David Persson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Virology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lijo John
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Virology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karim Rafie
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Michael Strebl
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, The University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lars Frängsmyr
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Virology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Katja Mindler
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, The University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Menzo Havenga
- Batavia Biosciences, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Thilo Stehle
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, The University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lars-Anders Carlson
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Niklas Arnberg
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Virology, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden;
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Saha B, Varette O, Stanford WL, Diallo JS, Parks RJ. Development of a novel screening platform for the identification of small molecule inhibitors of human adenovirus. Virology 2019; 538:24-34. [PMID: 31561058 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) can cause severe disease and death in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. The current standards of treatment are often ineffective, and no approved antiviral therapy against HAdV exists. We report here the design and validation of a fluorescence-based high-content screening platform for the identification of novel anti-HAdV compounds. The screen was conducted using a wildtype-like virus containing the red fluorescent protein (RFP) gene under the regulation of the HAdV major late promoter. Thus, RFP expression allows monitoring of viral late gene expression (a surrogate marker for virus replication), and compounds affecting virus growth can be easily discovered by quantifying RFP intensity. We used our platform to screen ~1200 FDA-approved small molecules, and identified several cardiotonic steroids, corticosteroids and chemotherapeutic agents as anti-HAdV compounds. Our screening platform provides the stringency necessary to detect compounds with varying degrees of antiviral activity, and facilitates drug discovery/repurposing to combat HAdV infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bratati Saha
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Oliver Varette
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - William L Stanford
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean-Simon Diallo
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Cancer Therapeutics Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robin J Parks
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Readler JM, AlKahlout AS, Sharma P, Excoffon KJDA. Isoform specific editing of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor. Virology 2019; 536:20-26. [PMID: 31394408 PMCID: PMC6733617 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is both a viral receptor and cell adhesion protein. CAR has two transmembrane isoforms that localize distinctly in polarized epithelial cells. Whereas the seven exon-encoded isoform (CAREx7) exhibits basolateral localization, the eight exon-encoded isoform (CAREx8) can localize to the apical epithelial surface where it can mediate luminal adenovirus infection. To further understand the distinct biological functions of these two isoforms, CRISPR/Cas9 genomic editing was used to specifically delete the eighth exon of the CXADR gene in a Madine Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cell line with a stably integrated lentiviral doxycycline-inducible CAREx8 cDNA. The gene-edited clone demonstrated a significant reduction in adenovirus susceptibility when both partially and fully polarized, and doxycycline-induction of CAREx8 restored sensitivity to adenovirus. These data reinforce the importance of CAREx8 in apical adenovirus infection and provide a new model cell line to probe isoform specific biological functions of CAR.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adenoviruses, Human/genetics
- Adenoviruses, Human/metabolism
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- CRISPR-Associated Protein 9/genetics
- CRISPR-Associated Protein 9/metabolism
- CRISPR-Cas Systems
- Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
- Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein/genetics
- Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein/metabolism
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- DNA, Complementary/metabolism
- Dogs
- Doxycycline/pharmacology
- Exons
- Gene Editing/methods
- Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
- Humans
- Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/drug effects
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/metabolism
- RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics
- RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James M Readler
- Biomedical Sciences PhD Program, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA; Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Amal S AlKahlout
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Katherine J D A Excoffon
- Biomedical Sciences PhD Program, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA; Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Baker AT, Mundy RM, Davies JA, Rizkallah PJ, Parker AL. Human adenovirus type 26 uses sialic acid-bearing glycans as a primary cell entry receptor. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaax3567. [PMID: 31517055 PMCID: PMC6726447 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax3567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Adenoviruses are clinically important agents. They cause respiratory distress, gastroenteritis, and epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. As non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses, they are easily manipulated, making them popular vectors for therapeutic applications, including vaccines. Species D adenovirus type 26 (HAdV-D26) is both a cause of EKC and other diseases and a promising vaccine vector. HAdV-D26-derived vaccines are under investigation as protective platforms against HIV, Zika, and respiratory syncytial virus infections and are in phase 3 clinical trials for Ebola. We recently demonstrated that HAdV-D26 does not use CD46 or Desmoglein-2 as entry receptors, while the putative interaction with coxsackie and adenovirus receptor is low affinity and unlikely to represent the primary cell receptor. Here, we establish sialic acid as a primary entry receptor used by HAdV-D26. We demonstrate that removal of cell surface sialic acid inhibits HAdV-D26 infection, and provide a high-resolution crystal structure of HAdV-D26 fiber-knob in complex with sialic acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T. Baker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Rosie M. Mundy
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - James A. Davies
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Pierre J. Rizkallah
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Alan L. Parker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Fongaro G, Viancelli A, Dos Reis DA, Santiago AF, Hernández M, Michellon W, da Silva Lanna MC, Treichel H, Rodríguez-Lázaro D. Mineral Waste Containing High Levels of Iron from an Environmental Disaster (Bento Rodrigues, Mariana, Brazil) is Associated with Higher Titers of Enteric Viruses. Food Environ Virol 2019; 11:178-183. [PMID: 30747345 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-019-09373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Although the effects of heavy metals on the behavior, including infectivity, of bacteria have been studied, little information is available about their effects on enteric viruses. We report an investigation of effects on the biosynthesis of human adenoviruses (HAdV) and hepatitis A (HAV) of waters contaminated with mineral waste following an environmental disaster in Mariana City, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The study area was affected on November 5, 2015, by 60 million m3 of mud (containing very high concentrations of iron salts) from a mining reservoir (Fundão), reaching the Gualaxo do Norte River (sites evaluated in this study), the "Rio Doce" River and finally the Atlantic Ocean. We found substantial counts of infectious HAdV and HAV (by qPCR) in all sampled sites from Gualaxo do Norte River, indicating poor basic sanitation in this area. The effects of iron on viral infection processes were evaluated using HAdV-2 and HAV-175, as DNA and RNA enteric virus models, respectively, propagated in the laboratory and exposed to this contaminated water. Experiments in field and laboratory scales found that the numbers of plaque forming units (PFU) of HAdV and HAV were significantly higher in contaminated water with high iron concentrations than in waters with low iron concentration (< 20 µg/L of iron). These findings indicate that iron can potentiate enteric virus infectivity, posing a potential risk to human and animal health, particularly during pollution disasters such as that described here in Mariana, Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Fongaro
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Erechim, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
- Fundação Universidade do Contestado (PMPECSA), Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Aline Viancelli
- Fundação Universidade do Contestado (PMPECSA), Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Deyse A Dos Reis
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aníbal F Santiago
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marta Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Microbiología, ITACyL, Valladolid, Spain
- Microbiology Section, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Willian Michellon
- Fundação Universidade do Contestado (PMPECSA), Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Helen Treichel
- Fundação Universidade do Contestado (PMPECSA), Concórdia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - David Rodríguez-Lázaro
- Microbiology Section, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shastri AA, Hegde V, Peddibhotla S, Feizy Z, Dhurandhar NV. E4orf1: A protein for enhancing glucose uptake despite impaired proximal insulin signaling. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208427. [PMID: 30521580 PMCID: PMC6283569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is often linked with impaired proximal insulin signaling. Hence, a therapeutic agent that enhances cellular glucose uptake without requiring proximal insulin signaling would be desirable for improving glycemic control. The E4orf1 peptide (E4) derived from human adenovirus 36 (Ad36) promotes cellular glucose uptake in vitro and in vivo, independent of insulin. E4 bypasses a part of insulin signaling to upregulate cellular glucose uptake. We tested the hypothesis that E4 requires the distal but not proximal insulin signaling to enhance cellular glucose disposal. METHODS 3T3-L1 preadipocytes inducibly expressing E4 or a null vector (NV) were treated with inhibitor of insulin receptor (S961), inhibitor of insulin like growth factor-1receptor (IGF-1R) (Picropodophyllin, PPP), PPP+S961, or phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor (Wortmannin, WM). We used PPP and S961 to block the proximal insulin signaling, or WM to block the distal insulin signaling. Cells were exposed to 0 or 100nM insulin. RESULTS As expected, when the proximal or distal insulin signaling was blocked in NV cells, insulin could not enhance pAKT protein abundance, Glut4 translocation, or glucose uptake. Whereas, E4 cells significantly increased pAKT abundance, Glut4 translocation and glucose uptake independent of the presence of insulin or proximal insulin signaling. Enhanced glucose disposal in E4 cells was completely abrogated when the distal insulin signaling was blocked. CONCLUSIONS E4 bypasses the proximal insulin signaling but uses the distal insulin signaling to activate pAkt and in turn Glut4 translocation to improve cellular glucose uptake. E4 offers a promising template to improve glycemic control when the proximal insulin signaling is impaired.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha A. Shastri
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Vijay Hegde
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Swetha Peddibhotla
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zahra Feizy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nikhil V. Dhurandhar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li D, Tian G, Wang J, Zhao LY, Co O, Underill ZC, Mymryk JS, Claessens F, Dehm SM, Daaka Y, Liao D. Inhibition of androgen receptor transactivation function by adenovirus type 12 E1A undermines prostate cancer cell survival. Prostate 2018; 78:1140-1156. [PMID: 30009471 PMCID: PMC6424568 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations or truncation of the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of androgen receptor (AR) underlie treatment resistance for prostate cancer (PCa). Thus, targeting the AR N-terminal domain (NTD) could overcome such resistance. METHODS Luciferase reporter assays after transient transfection of various DNA constructs were used to assess effects of E1A proteins on AR-mediated transcription. Immunofluorescence microscopy and subcellular fractionation were applied to assess intracellular protein localization. Immunoprecipitation and mammalian two-hybrid assays were used to detect protein-protein interactions. qRT-PCR was employed to determine RNA levels. Western blotting was used to detect protein expression in cells. Effects of adenoviruses on prostate cancer cell survival were evaluated with CellTiter-Glo assays. RESULTS Adenovirus 12 E1A (E1A12) binds specifically to the AR. Interestingly, the full-length E1A12 (266 aa) preferentially binds to full-length AR, while the small E1A12 variant (235 aa) interacts more strongly with AR-V7. E1A12 promotes AR nuclear translocation, likely through mediating intramolecular AR NTD-LBD interactions. In the nucleus, AR and E1A12 co-expression in AR-null PCa cells results in E1A12 redistribution from nuclear foci containing CBX4 (also known as Pc2), suggesting a preferential AR-E1A12 interaction over other E1A12 interactors. E1A12 represses AR-mediated transcription in reporter gene assays and endogenous AR target genes such as ATAD2 and MYC in AR-expressing PCa cells. AR-expressing PCa cells are more sensitive to death induced by a recombinant adenovirus expressing E1A12 (Ad-E1A12) than AR-deficient PCa cells, which could be attributed to the increased viral replication promoted by androgen stimulation. Targeting the AR by E1A12 promotes apoptosis in PCa cells that express the full-length AR or C-terminally truncated AR variants. Importantly, inhibition of mTOR signaling that blocks the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins markedly augments Ad-E1A12-induced apoptosis of AR-expressing cells. Mechanistically, Ad-E1A12 infection triggers apoptotic response while activating the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling axis; thus, mTOR inhibition enhances apoptosis in AR-expressing PCa cells infected by Ad-E1A12. CONCLUSION Ad12 E1A inhibits AR-mediated transcription and suppresses PCa cell survival, suggesting that targeting the AR by E1A12 might have therapeutic potential for treating advanced PCa with heightened AR signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Li
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, P. R. China
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, UF Health Cancer Center and UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Guimei Tian
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, UF Health Cancer Center and UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, UF Health Cancer Center and UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
- Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lisa Y. Zhao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, UF Health Cancer Center and UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
- Present address: Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Olivia Co
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, UF Health Cancer Center and UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Zoe C. Underill
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, UF Health Cancer Center and UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Joe S. Mymryk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the University of Western Ontario, London Regional Cancer Centre, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frank Claessens
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 PO box 901, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Scott M. Dehm
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Yehia Daaka
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, UF Health Cancer Center and UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Daiqing Liao
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, UF Health Cancer Center and UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
- Corresponding author: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Florida, 1333 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida, 32610-0235, , Phone: 352-273-8188, Fax: 352-846-1248
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Viral infections cause large problems in the world and deeper understanding of the disease mechanisms is needed. Here we present an analytical strategy to investigate the host cell protein changes during human adenovirus type 2 (HAdV-C2 or Ad2) infection of lung fibroblasts by stable isotope labelling of amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) and nanoLC-MS/MS. This work focuses on early phase of infection (6 and 12 h post-infection (hpi)) but the data is combined with previously published late phase (24 and 36 hpi) proteomics data to produce a time series covering the complete infection. As many as 2169 proteins were quantitatively monitored from 6 to 36 hpi, while some proteins were time-specific. After applying different filter criteria, 2027 and 2150 proteins were quantified at 6 and 12 hpi and among them, 431 and 544 were significantly altered at the two time points. Pathway analysis showed that the De novo purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis, Glycolysis and Cytoskeletal regulation by Rho GTPase pathways were activated early during infection while inactivation of the Integrin signalling pathway started between 6 and 12 hpi. Moreover, upstream regulator analysis predicted MYC to be activated with time of infection and protein and RNA data for genes controlled by this transcription factor showed good correlation, which validated the use of protein data for this prediction. Among the identified phosphorylation sites, a group related to glycolysis and cytoskeletal reorganization were up-regulated during infection. The results show specific aspects on how the host cell proteins, the final products in the genetic information flow, are influenced by Ad2 infection, which would be overlooked if only knowledge derived from mRNA data is considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Valdés
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hongxing Zhao
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Pettersson
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Bergström Lind
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rajan A, Persson BD, Frängsmyr L, Olofsson A, Sandblad L, Heino J, Takada Y, Mould AP, Schnapp LM, Gall J, Arnberg N. Enteric Species F Human Adenoviruses use Laminin-Binding Integrins as Co-Receptors for Infection of Ht-29 Cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10019. [PMID: 29968781 PMCID: PMC6030200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The enteric species F human adenovirus types 40 and 41 (HAdV-40 and -41) are the third most common cause of infantile gastroenteritis in the world. Knowledge about HAdV-40 and -41 cellular infection is assumed to be fundamentally different from that of other HAdVs since HAdV-40 and -41 penton bases lack the αV-integrin-interacting RGD motif. This motif is used by other HAdVs mainly for internalization and endosomal escape. We hypothesised that the penton bases of HAdV-40 and -41 interact with integrins independently of the RGD motif. HAdV-41 transduction of a library of rodent cells expressing specific human integrin subunits pointed to the use of laminin-binding α2-, α3- and α6-containing integrins as well as other integrins as candidate co-receptors. Specific laminins prevented internalisation and infection, and recombinant, soluble HAdV-41 penton base proteins prevented infection of human intestinal HT-29 cells. Surface plasmon resonance analysis demonstrated that HAdV-40 and -41 penton base proteins bind to α6-containing integrins with an affinity similar to that of previously characterised penton base:integrin interactions. With these results, we propose that laminin-binding integrins are co-receptors for HAdV-40 and -41.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anandi Rajan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology/Virology, and, the Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - B David Persson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology/Virology, and, the Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Frängsmyr
- Department of Clinical Microbiology/Virology, and, the Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Linda Sandblad
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jyrki Heino
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Yoshikazu Takada
- Department of Dermatology, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, California, USA
| | - A Paul Mould
- Biomolecular Analysis Core Facility, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn M Schnapp
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
| | - Jason Gall
- Vaccine Research Center (VRC), NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Niklas Arnberg
- Department of Clinical Microbiology/Virology, and, the Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Weigert M, Binks A, Dowson S, Leung EYL, Athineos D, Yu X, Mullin M, Walton JB, Orange C, Ennis D, Blyth K, Tait SWG, McNeish IA. RIPK3 promotes adenovirus type 5 activity. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:3206. [PMID: 29238045 PMCID: PMC5870599 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0110-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic adenoviral mutants infect human malignant cells and replicate selectively within them. This induces direct cytotoxicity that can also trigger profound innate and adaptive immune responses. However, the mechanism by which adenoviruses produce cell death remains uncertain. We previously suggested that type 5 adenoviruses, including the E1A CR2 deletion mutant dl922-947, might induce a novel form of programmed death resembling necroptosis. Here we have investigated the roles of core necrosis proteins RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL in the cytotoxicity of dl922-947 and other adenovirus serotypes. By electron microscopy, we show that dl922-947 induces similar necrotic morphology as TSZ treatment (TNF-α, Smac mimetic, zVAD.fmk). However, dl922-947-mediated death is independent of TNF-α signalling, does not require RIPK1 and does not rely upon the presence of MLKL. However, inhibition of caspases, specifically caspase-8, induces necroptosis that is RIPK3 dependent and significantly enhances dl922-947 cytotoxicity. Moreover, using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, we demonstrate that the increase in cytotoxicity seen upon caspase inhibition is also MLKL dependent. Even in the absence of caspase inhibition, RIPK3 expression promotes dl922-947 and wild-type adenovirus type 5 efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Together, these results suggest that adenovirus induces a form of programmed necrosis that differs from classical TSZ necroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Weigert
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Alex Binks
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Suzanne Dowson
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Elaine Y L Leung
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | | | - Xinzi Yu
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | | | - Josephine B Walton
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Clare Orange
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Darren Ennis
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Iain A McNeish
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kamel W, Akusjärvi G. An Ago2-associated capped transcriptional start site small RNA suppresses adenovirus DNA replication. RNA 2017; 23:1700-1711. [PMID: 28839112 PMCID: PMC5648037 DOI: 10.1261/rna.061291.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Here we show that the adenovirus major late promoter produces a 31-nucleotide transcriptional start site small RNA (MLP-TSS-sRNA) that retains the 7-methylguanosine (m7G)-cap and is incorporated onto Ago2-containing RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISC) in human adenovirus-37 infected cells. RNA polymerase II CLIP (UV-cross linking immunoprecipitation) experiments suggest that the MLP-TSS-sRNA is produced by promoter proximal stalling/termination of RNA polymerase II transcription at the site of the small RNA 3' end. The MLP-TSS-sRNA is highly stable in cells and functionally active, down-regulating complementary targets in a sequence and dose-dependent manner. The MLP-TSS-sRNA is transcribed from the opposite strand to the adenoviral DNA polymerase and preterminal protein mRNAs, two essential viral replication proteins. We show that the MLP-TSS-sRNA act in trans to reduce DNA polymerase and preterminal protein mRNA expression. As a consequence of this, the MLP-TSS-sRNA has an inhibitory effect on the efficiency of viral DNA replication. Collectively, our results suggest that this novel sRNA may serve a regulatory function controlling viral genome replication during a lytic and/or persistent adenovirus infection in its natural host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wael Kamel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, BMC, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Akusjärvi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, BMC, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chia SL, Lei J, Ferguson DJP, Dyer A, Fisher KD, Seymour LW. Group B adenovirus enadenotucirev infects polarised colorectal cancer cells efficiently from the basolateral surface expected to be encountered during intravenous delivery to treat disseminated cancer. Virology 2017; 505:162-171. [PMID: 28260622 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Enadenotucirev (EnAd) is a group B oncolytic adenovirus developed for systemic delivery and currently undergoing clinical evaluation for advanced cancer therapy. For differentiated carcinomas, systemic delivery would likely expose virus particles to the basolateral surface of cancer cells rather than the apical surface encountered during natural infection. Here, we compare the ability of EnAd and adenovirus type-5 (Ad5) to infect polarised colorectal carcinoma cells from the apical or basolateral surfaces. Whereas Ad5 infection was more efficient via the apical than basolateral surface, EnAd readily infected cells from either surface. Progeny particles from EnAd were released preferentially via the apical surface for all cell lines and routes of infection. These data further support the utility of group B adenoviruses for systemic delivery and suggest that progeny virus are more likely to be released into the tumour rather than back through the basolateral surface into the blood stream.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suet-Lin Chia
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Janet Lei
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David J P Ferguson
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Arthur Dyer
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kerry D Fisher
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; PsiOxus Therapeutics, Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | - Leonard W Seymour
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Krömmelbein N, Wiebusch L, Schiedner G, Büscher N, Sauer C, Florin L, Sehn E, Wolfrum U, Plachter B. Adenovirus E1A/E1B Transformed Amniotic Fluid Cells Support Human Cytomegalovirus Replication. Viruses 2016; 8:v8020037. [PMID: 26848680 PMCID: PMC4776192 DOI: 10.3390/v8020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replicates to high titers in primary human fibroblast cell cultures. A variety of primary human cells and some tumor-derived cell lines do also support permissive HCMV replication, yet at low levels. Cell lines established by transfection of the transforming functions of adenoviruses have been notoriously resistant to HCMV replication and progeny production. Here, we provide first-time evidence that a permanent cell line immortalized by adenovirus type 5 E1A and E1B (CAP) is supporting the full HCMV replication cycle and is releasing infectious progeny. The CAP cell line had previously been established from amniotic fluid cells which were likely derived from membranes of the developing fetus. These cells can be grown under serum-free conditions. HCMV efficiently penetrated CAP cells, expressed its immediate-early proteins and dispersed restrictive PML-bodies. Viral DNA replication was initiated and viral progeny became detectable by electron microscopy in CAP cells. Furthermore, infectious virus was released from CAP cells, yet to lower levels compared to fibroblasts. Subviral dense bodies were also secreted from CAP cells. The results show that E1A/E1B expression in transformed cells is not generally repressive to HCMV replication and that CAP cells may be a good substrate for dense body based vaccine production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Krömmelbein
- Institute for Virology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Lüder Wiebusch
- Department of Pediatric Molecular Biology, Charité University Medical Centre Berlin, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | - Nicole Büscher
- Institute for Virology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Caroline Sauer
- Institute for Virology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Luise Florin
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Sehn
- Institute for Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Uwe Wolfrum
- Institute for Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Bodo Plachter
- Institute for Virology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zou X, Xiao R, Guo X, Qu J, Lu Z, Hong T. [Preparation of Recombinant Human Adenoviruses Labeled with miniSOG]. Bing Du Xue Bao 2016; 32:32-38. [PMID: 27295881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We wished to study the intracellular transport of adenoviruses. We constructed a novel recombinant adenovirus in which the structural protein IX was labeled with a mini-singlet oxygen generator (miniSOG). The miniSOG gene was synthesized by overlapping extension polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloned to the pcDNA3 vector, and expressed in 293 cells. Activation of miniSOG generated sufficient numbers of singlet oxygen molecules to catalyze polymerization of diaminobenzidine into an osmiophilic reaction product resolvable by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). To construct miniSOG-labelled recombinant adenoviruses, the miniSOG gene was subcloned downstream of the IX gene in a pShuttle plasmid. Adenoviral plasmid pAd5-IXSOG was generated by homologous recombination of the modified shuttle plasmid (pShuttle-IXSOG) with the backbone plasmid (pAdeasy-1) in the BJ5183 strain of Eschericia coli. Adenovirus HAdV-5-IXSOG was rescued by transfection of 293 cells with the linearized pAd5-IXSOG. After propagation, virions were purified using the CsC1 ultracentrifugation method. Finally, HAdV-5-IXSOG in 2.0 mL with a particle titer of 6 x 1011 vp/mL was obtained. Morphology of HAdV-5-IXSOG was verified by TEM. Fusion of IX with the miniSOG gene was confirmed by PCR. In conclusion, miniSOG-labeled recombinant adenoviruses were constructed, which could be valuable tools for virus tracking by TEM.
Collapse
|
33
|
Higginbotham JM, O'Shea CC. Adenovirus E4-ORF3 Targets PIAS3 and Together with E1B-55K Remodels SUMO Interactions in the Nucleus and at Virus Genome Replication Domains. J Virol 2015; 89:10260-72. [PMID: 26223632 PMCID: PMC4580165 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01091-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Adenovirus E4-ORF3 and E1B-55K converge in subverting critical overlapping cellular pathways to facilitate virus replication. Here, we show that E1B-55K and E4-ORF3 induce sumoylation and the assembly of SUMO2/3 viral genome replication domains. Using a conjugation-deficient SUMO2 construct, we demonstrate that SUMO2/3 is recruited to E2A viral genome replication domains through noncovalent interactions. E1B-55K and E4-ORF3 have critical functions in inactivating MRN and ATM to facilitate viral genome replication. We show that ATM kinase inhibitors rescue ΔE1B-55K/ΔE4-ORF3 viral genome replication and that the assembly of E2A domains recruits SUMO2/3 independently of E1B-55K and E4-ORF3. However, the morphology and organization of SUMO2/3-associated E2A domains is strikingly different from that in wild-type Ad5-infected cells. These data reveal that E1B-55K and E4-ORF3 specify the nuclear compartmentalization and structure of SUMO2/3-associated E2A domains, which could have important functions in viral replication. We show that E4-ORF3 specifically targets and sequesters the cellular E3 SUMO ligase PIAS3 but not PIAS1, PIAS2, or PIAS4. The assembly of E4-ORF3 into a multivalent nuclear matrix is required to target PIAS3. In contrast to MRN, PIAS3 is targeted by E4-ORF3 proteins from disparate adenovirus subgroups. Our studies reveal that PIAS3 is a novel and evolutionarily conserved target of E4-ORF3 in human adenovirus infections. Furthermore, we reveal that viral proteins not only disrupt but also usurp SUMO2/3 to transform the nucleus and assemble novel genomic domains that could facilitate pathological viral replication. IMPORTANCE SUMO is a key posttranslational modification that modulates the function, localization, and assembly of protein complexes. In the ever-escalating host-pathogen arms race, viruses have evolved strategies to subvert sumoylation. Adenovirus is a small DNA tumor virus that is a global human pathogen and key biomedical agent in basic research and therapy. We show that adenovirus infection induces global changes in SUMO localization and conjugation. Using virus and SUMO mutants, we demonstrate that E1B-55K and E4-ORF3 disrupt and usurp SUMO2/3 interactions to transform the nucleus and assemble highly structured and compartmentalized viral genome domains. We reveal that the cellular E3 SUMO ligase PIAS3 is a novel and conserved target of E4-ORF3 proteins from disparate adenovirus subgroups. The induction of sumoylation and SUMO2/3 viral replication domains by early viral proteins could play an important role in determining the outcome of viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Higginbotham
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Clodagh C O'Shea
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) encode for multifunctional non-coding virus-associated (VA) RNAs, which function as powerful suppressors of the cellular interferon (IFN) and RNA interference (RNAi) systems. In this study we tested the ability of various plant and animal virus encoded RNAi and IFN suppressor proteins to functionally substitute for the HAdV-5 VA RNAI. Our results revealed that only the Vaccinia virus (VACV) E3L protein was able to substitute for the HAdV-5 VA RNAI functions in virus-infected cells. Interestingly, the E3L protein rescues the translational defect but does not stimulate viral capsid mRNA accumulation observed with VA RNA. We further show that the E3L C-terminal region containing the dsRNA-binding domain is needed to enhance VA RNAI mutant virus replication. Additionally, we show that the HAdV-4 and HAdV-37 VA RNAI are more effective than the HAdV-5 VA RNAI in rescuing virus replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raviteja Inturi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, BMC, Box 582, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Wael Kamel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, BMC, Box 582, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Akusjärvi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, BMC, Box 582, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tanel Punga
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, BMC, Box 582, Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Grøndahl-Rosado RC, Yarovitsyna E, Trettenes E, Myrmel M, Robertson LJ. A One Year Study on the Concentrations of Norovirus and Enteric Adenoviruses in Wastewater and A Surface Drinking Water Source in Norway. Food Environ Virol 2014; 6:232-45. [PMID: 25086639 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-014-9161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Enteric viruses transmitted via the faecal-oral route occur in high concentrations in wastewater and may contaminate drinking water sources and cause disease. In order to quantify enteric adenovirus and norovirus genotypes I and II (GI and GII) impacting a drinking source in Norway, samples of surface water (52), wastewater inlet (64) and outlet (59) were collected between January 2011 and April 2012. Samples were concentrated in two steps, using an electropositive disc filter and polyethylene glycol precipitation, followed by nucleic acid extraction and analysis by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Virus was detected in 47/52 (90.4%) of surface water, 59/64 (92%) of wastewater inlet and 55/59 (93%) of wastewater outlet samples. Norovirus GI occurred in the highest concentrations in surface water (2.51e + 04) and adenovirus in wastewater (2.15e + 07). While adenovirus was the most frequently detected in all matrices, norovirus GI was more frequently detected in surface water and norovirus GII in wastewater. This study is the first in Norway to monitor both sewage and a drinking water source in parallel, and confirms the year-round presence of norovirus and adenovirus in a Norwegian drinking water source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo C Grøndahl-Rosado
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Biomedicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Postbox 8146 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ekaterina Yarovitsyna
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Biomedicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Postbox 8146 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elin Trettenes
- Virology Section, National Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mette Myrmel
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Biomedicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Postbox 8146 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lucy J Robertson
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Biomedicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Postbox 8146 Dep., 0033, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sangsanont J, Katayama H, Kurisu F, Furumai H. Capsid-Damaging Effects of UV Irradiation as Measured by Quantitative PCR Coupled with Ethidium Monoazide Treatment. Food Environ Virol 2014; 6:269-75. [PMID: 25106777 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-014-9162-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The damage to a viral capsid after low-pressure (LP) and medium-pressure (MP) UV irradiation was assessed, using the quantitative or quantitative reverse transcription PCR coupled with ethidium monoazide treatment (EMA-PCR). After UV irradiation, adenovirus 5 (Ad5) and poliovirus 1 (PV1) were subjected to a plaque assay, PCR, and EMA-PCR to investigate the effect of UV irradiation on viral infectivity, genome damage, and capsid damage, respectively. The effectiveness of UV wavelengths in a viral genome and capsid damage of both PV1 and Ad5 was also further investigated using a band-pass filter. It was found that an MPUV lamp was more effective than an LPUV lamp in inactivating Ad5, whereas there was no difference in the case of PV1. The results of viral reduction determined by PCR and EMA-PCR indicated that MP UV irradiation damaged Ad5 capsid. The damage to PV1 and Ad5 capsid was also not observed after LP UV irradiation. The investigation of effects of UV wavelengths suggested that UV wavelengths at 230-245 nm have greater effects on adenovirus capsid in addition to viral genome than UV wavelengths beyond 245 nm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Sangsanont
- Department of Urban Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
| | - H Katayama
- Department of Urban Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - F Kurisu
- Research Center for Water Environment Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - H Furumai
- Research Center for Water Environment Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Calgua B, Carratalà A, Guerrero-Latorre L, de Abreu Corrêa A, Kohn T, Sommer R, Girones R. UVC Inactivation of dsDNA and ssRNA Viruses in Water: UV Fluences and a qPCR-Based Approach to Evaluate Decay on Viral Infectivity. Food Environ Virol 2014; 6:260-8. [PMID: 24952878 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-014-9157-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection by low-pressure monochromatic ultraviolet (UVC) radiation (253.7 nm) became an important technique to sanitize drinking water and also wastewater in tertiary treatments. In order to prevent the transmission of waterborne viral diseases, the analysis of the disinfection kinetics and the quantification of infectious viral pathogens and indicators are highly relevant and need to be addressed. The families Adenoviridae and Polyomaviridae comprise human and animal pathogenic viruses that have been also proposed as indicators of fecal contamination in water and as Microbial Source Tracking tools. While it has been previously suggested that dsDNA viruses may be highly resistant to UVC radiation compared to other viruses or bacteria, no information is available on the stability of polyomavirus toward UV irradiation. Here, the inactivation of dsDNA (HAdV2 and JCPyV) and ssRNA (MS2 bacteriophage) viruses was analyzed at increasing UVC fluences. A minor decay of 2-logs was achieved for both infectious JC polyomaviruses (JCPyV) and human adenoviruses 2 (HAdV2) exposed to a UVC fluence of 1,400 J/m(2), while a decay of 4-log was observed for MS2 bacteriophages (ssRNA). The present study reveals the high UVC resistance of dsDNA viruses, and the UV fluences needed to efficiently inactivate JCPyV and HAdV2 are predicted. Furthermore, we show that in conjunction with appropriate mathematical models, qPCR data may be used to accurately estimate virus infectivity.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adenoviridae/metabolism
- Adenoviridae/pathogenicity
- Adenoviridae/radiation effects
- Adenoviridae/ultrastructure
- Adenoviruses, Human/metabolism
- Adenoviruses, Human/pathogenicity
- Adenoviruses, Human/radiation effects
- Adenoviruses, Human/ultrastructure
- Cell Line
- DNA, Viral/metabolism
- DNA, Viral/radiation effects
- Disinfection/methods
- Humans
- JC Virus/metabolism
- JC Virus/pathogenicity
- JC Virus/radiation effects
- JC Virus/ultrastructure
- Kinetics
- Levivirus/metabolism
- Levivirus/pathogenicity
- Levivirus/radiation effects
- Levivirus/ultrastructure
- Microbial Viability/radiation effects
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Polyomaviridae/metabolism
- Polyomaviridae/pathogenicity
- Polyomaviridae/radiation effects
- Polyomaviridae/ultrastructure
- RNA Stability/radiation effects
- RNA, Viral/metabolism
- RNA, Viral/radiation effects
- Radiation Tolerance
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Ultraviolet Rays
- Virion/metabolism
- Virion/pathogenicity
- Virion/radiation effects
- Virion/ultrastructure
- Virus Inactivation/radiation effects
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byron Calgua
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Carratalà
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laura Guerrero-Latorre
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Adriana de Abreu Corrêa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Tamar Kohn
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Regina Sommer
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Water Hygiene, Medical University Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1095, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rosina Girones
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Berscheminski J, Wimmer P, Brun J, Ip WH, Groitl P, Horlacher T, Jaffray E, Hay RT, Dobner T, Schreiner S. Sp100 isoform-specific regulation of human adenovirus 5 gene expression. J Virol 2014; 88:6076-92. [PMID: 24623443 PMCID: PMC4093896 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00469-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) are nuclear structures that accumulate intrinsic host factors to restrict viral infections. To ensure viral replication, these must be limited by expression of viral early regulatory proteins that functionally inhibit PML-NB-associated antiviral effects. To benefit from the activating capabilities of Sp100A and simultaneously limit repression by Sp100B, -C, and -HMG, adenoviruses (Ads) employ several features to selectively and individually target these isoforms. Ads induce relocalization of Sp100B, -C, and -HMG from PML-NBs prior to association with viral replication centers. In contrast, Sp100A is kept at the PML tracks that surround the newly formed viral replication centers as designated sites of active transcription. We concluded that the host restriction factors Sp100B, -C, and -HMG are potentially inactivated by active displacement from these sites, whereas Sp100A is retained to amplify Ad gene expression. Ad-dependent loss of Sp100 SUMOylation is another crucial part of the virus repertoire to counteract intrinsic immunity by circumventing Sp100 association with HP1, therefore limiting chromatin condensation. We provide evidence that Ad selectively counteracts antiviral responses and, at the same time, benefits from PML-NB-associated components which support viral gene expression by actively recruiting them to PML track-like structures. Our findings provide insights into novel strategies for manipulating transcriptional regulation to either inactivate or amplify viral gene expression. IMPORTANCE We describe an adenoviral evasion strategy that involves isoform-specific and active manipulation of the PML-associated restriction factor Sp100. Recently, we reported that the adenoviral transactivator E1A targets PML-II to efficiently activate viral transcription. In contrast, the PML-associated proteins Daxx and ATRX are inhibited by early viral factors. We show that this concept is more intricate and significant than originally believed, since adenoviruses apparently take advantage of specific PML-NB-associated proteins and simultaneously inhibit antiviral measures to maintain the viral infectious program. Specifically, we observed Ad-induced relocalization of the Sp100 isoforms B, C, and HMG from PML-NBs juxtaposed with viral replication centers. In contrast, Sp100A is retained at Ad-induced PML tracks that surround the newly formed viral replication centers, acting as designated sites of active transcription. The host restriction factors Sp100B, -C, and -HMG are potentially inactivated by active displacement from these sites, whereas Sp100A is retained to amplify Ad gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Berscheminski
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Wimmer
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Brun
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wing Hang Ip
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Groitl
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Horlacher
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ellis Jaffray
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ron T. Hay
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Dobner
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Schreiner
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
The last 50 years of molecular biological investigations into human adenoviruses (Ads) have contributed enormously to our understanding of the basic principles of normal and malignant cell growth. Much of this knowledge stems from analyses of the Ad productive infection cycle in permissive host cells. Also, initial observations concerning the transforming potential of human Ads subsequently revealed decisive insights into the molecular mechanisms of the origins of cancer and established Ads as a model system for explaining virus-mediated transformation processes. Today it is well established that cell transformation by human Ads is a multistep process involving several gene products encoded in early transcription units 1A (E1A) and 1B (E1B). Moreover, a large body of evidence now indicates that alternative or additional mechanisms are engaged in Ad-mediated oncogenic transformation involving gene products encoded in early region 4 (E4) as well as epigenetic changes resulting from viral DNA integration. In particular, studies on the transforming potential of several E4 gene products have now revealed new pathways that point to novel general mechanisms of virus-mediated oncogenesis. In this chapter we describe in vitro and in vivo assays to determine the transforming and oncogenic activities of the E1A, E1B, and E4 oncoproteins in primary baby rat kidney cells, human amniotic fluid cells and athymic nude mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Speiseder
- Department of Viral Transformation, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Adenovirus encodes for the pVII protein, which interacts and modulates virus DNA structure in the infected cells. The pVII protein is synthesized as the precursor protein and undergoes proteolytic processing by viral proteinase Avp, leading to release of a propeptide sequence and accumulation of the mature VII protein. Here we elucidate the molecular functions of the propeptide sequence present in the precursor pVII protein. The results show that the propeptide is the destabilizing element targeting the precursor pVII protein for proteasomal degradation. Our data further indicate that the propeptide sequence and the lysine residues K26 and K27 regulate the precursor pVII protein stability in a co-dependent manner. We also provide evidence that the Cullin-3 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex alters the precursor pVII protein stability by association with the propeptide sequence. In addition, we show that inactivation of the Cullin-3 protein activity reduces adenovirus E1A gene expression during early phase of virus infection. Collectively, our results indicate a novel function of the adenovirus propeptide sequence and involvement of Cullin-3 in adenovirus gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raviteja Inturi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Srinivas Thaduri
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tanel Punga
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Song JD, Zou XH, Wang M, Qu JG, Lu ZZ, Hong T. [Characterization of fibrillous inclusion body (FIB) of human adenovirus type 41 (Ad41) using immunoelectron microscopy]. Bing Du Xue Bao 2013; 29:596-601. [PMID: 24520764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the components of fibrillous inclusion body (FIB), which was formed in packaging cells during the replication of human adenovirus type 41 (Ad41), Ad41 long fiber knob (LFK) and short fiber knob (SFK) proteins were expressed in prokaryote respectively and then used to immunize BALI mice for preparation of anti-LFK serum and anti-SFK sera. The activity and specificity of anti-LFK and an ti-SFK sera were confirmed with Western blot, indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and immunonegative staining, suggesting these sera could be applied in immuno-colloidal gold labelling electron microscopy (EM). 293TE cells were infected with wild-type Ad41. Ultrathin sections of infected cells were made, and labelled with immuno-colloidal gold technique using anti-Ad41 sera, anti-LFK sera, anti-SFK sera, or anti-fiber monoclonal antibody 4D2, respectively. The labelled sections were observed under EM, and the results demonstrated that both Ad41 long fiber protein and short fiber protein were included FIB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Dong Song
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China.
| | - Xiao-Hui Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Jian-Guo Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Zhuo-Zhuang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| | - Tao Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sidhu JPS, Ahmed W, Gernjak W, Aryal R, McCarthy D, Palmer A, Kolotelo P, Toze S. Sewage pollution in urban stormwater runoff as evident from the widespread presence of multiple microbial and chemical source tracking markers. Sci Total Environ 2013; 463-464:488-96. [PMID: 23831795 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The concurrence of human sewage contamination in urban stormwater runoff (n=23) from six urban catchments across Australia was assessed by using both microbial source tracking (MST) and chemical source tracking (CST) markers. Out of 23 stormwater samples human adenovirus (HAv), human polyomavirus (HPv) and the sewage-associated markers; Methanobrevibacter smithii nifH and Bacteroides HF183 were detected in 91%, 56%, 43% and 96% of samples, respectively. Similarly, CST markers paracetamol (87%), salicylic acid (78%) acesulfame (96%) and caffeine (91%) were frequently detected. Twenty one samples (91%) were positive for six to eight sewage related MST and CST markers and remaining two samples were positive for five and four markers, respectively. A very good consensus (>91%) observed between the concurrence of the HF183, HAv, acesulfame and caffeine suggests good predictability of the presence of HAv in samples positive for one of the three markers. High prevalence of HAv (91%) also suggests that other enteric viruses may also be present in the stormwater samples which may pose significant health risks. This study underscores the benefits of employing a set of MST and CST markers which could include monitoring for HF183, adenovirus, caffeine and paracetamol to accurately detect human sewage contamination along with credible information on the presence of human enteric viruses, which could be used for more reliable public health risk assessments. Based on the results obtained in this study, it is recommended that some degree of treatment of captured stormwater would be required if it were to be used for non-potable purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P S Sidhu
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Qld 4102, Australia; Faculty of Science, Health and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, Qld 4558, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Graziano V, McGrath WJ, Suomalainen M, Greber UF, Freimuth P, Blainey PC, Luo G, Xie XS, Mangel WF. Regulation of a viral proteinase by a peptide and DNA in one-dimensional space: I. binding to DNA AND to hexon of the precursor to protein VI, pVI, of human adenovirus. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:2059-67. [PMID: 23043136 PMCID: PMC3548512 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.377150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The precursor to adenovirus protein VI, pVI, is a multifunctional protein with different roles early and late in virus infection. Here, we focus on two roles late in infection, binding of pVI to DNA and to the major capsid protein hexon. pVI bound to DNA as a monomer independent of DNA sequence with an apparent equilibrium dissociation constant, K(d)((app)), of 46 nm. Bound to double-stranded DNA, one molecule of pVI occluded 8 bp. Upon the binding of pVI to DNA, three sodium ions were displaced from the DNA. A ΔG(0)(0) of -4.54 kcal/mol for the nonelectrostatic free energy of binding indicated that a substantial component of the binding free energy resulted from nonspecific interactions between pVI and DNA. The proteolytically processed, mature form of pVI, protein VI, also bound to DNA; its K(d)((app)) was much higher, 307 nm. The binding assays were performed in 1 mm MgCl(2) because in the absence of magnesium, the binding to pVI or protein VI to DNA was too tight to determine a K(d)((app)). Three molecules of pVI bound to one molecule of the hexon trimer with an equilibrium dissociation constant K(d)((app)) of 1.1 nm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vito Graziano
- From the Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - William J. McGrath
- From the Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Maarit Suomalainen
- the Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland, and
| | - Urs F. Greber
- the Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland, and
| | - Paul Freimuth
- From the Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Paul C. Blainey
- the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Guobin Luo
- the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - X. Sunney Xie
- the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Walter F. Mangel
- From the Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ou HD, Kwiatkowski W, Deerinck TJ, Noske A, Blain KY, Land HS, Soria C, Powers CJ, May AP, Shu X, Tsien RY, Fitzpatrick JA, Long JA, Ellisman MH, Choe S, O’Shea CC. A structural basis for the assembly and functions of a viral polymer that inactivates multiple tumor suppressors. Cell 2012; 151:304-19. [PMID: 23063122 PMCID: PMC3681303 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Evolution of minimal DNA tumor virus' genomes has selected for small viral oncoproteins that hijack critical cellular protein interaction networks. The structural basis for the multiple and dominant functions of adenovirus oncoproteins has remained elusive. E4-ORF3 forms a nuclear polymer and simultaneously inactivates p53, PML, TRIM24, and MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 (MRN) tumor suppressors. We identify oligomerization mutants and solve the crystal structure of E4-ORF3. E4-ORF3 forms a dimer with a central β core, and its structure is unrelated to known polymers or oncogenes. E4-ORF3 dimer units coassemble through reciprocal and nonreciprocal exchanges of their C-terminal tails. This results in linear and branched oligomer chains that further assemble in variable arrangements to form a polymer network that partitions the nuclear volume. E4-ORF3 assembly creates avidity-driven interactions with PML and an emergent MRN binding interface. This reveals an elegant structural solution whereby a small protein forms a multivalent matrix that traps disparate tumor suppressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Horng D. Ou
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory Salk Institute for Biological Studies 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Witek Kwiatkowski
- Structural Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Thomas J. Deerinck
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Andrew Noske
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Katie Y. Blain
- Structural Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hannah S. Land
- Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Conrado Soria
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory Salk Institute for Biological Studies 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Colin J. Powers
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory Salk Institute for Biological Studies 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Andrew P. May
- Fluidigm Corporation, 7000 Shoreline Court, Suite 100, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Xiaokun Shu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California at San Francisco, 555 Mission Bay Blvd South, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Roger Y. Tsien
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - James A.J. Fitzpatrick
- Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jeff A. Long
- Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mark H. Ellisman
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Senyon Choe
- Structural Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Clodagh C. O’Shea
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory Salk Institute for Biological Studies 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Szolajska E, Burmeister WP, Zochowska M, Nerlo B, Andreev I, Schoehn G, Andrieu JP, Fender P, Naskalska A, Zubieta C, Cusack S, Chroboczek J. The structural basis for the integrity of adenovirus Ad3 dodecahedron. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46075. [PMID: 23049939 PMCID: PMC3457955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During the viral life cycle adenoviruses produce excess capsid proteins. Human adenovirus serotype 3 (Ad3) synthesizes predominantly an excess of free pentons, the complexes of pentameric penton base and trimeric fiber proteins, which are responsible for virus penetration. In infected cells Ad3 pentons spontaneously assemble into dodecahedral virus-like nano-particles containing twelve pentons. They also form in insect cells during expression in the baculovirus system. Similarly, in the absence of fiber protein dodecahedric particles built of 12 penton base pentamers can be produced. Both kinds of dodecahedra show remarkable efficiency of intracellular penetration and can be engineered to deliver several millions of foreign cargo molecules to a single target cell. For this reason, they are of great interest as a delivery vector. In order to successfully manipulate this potential vector for drug and/or gene delivery, an understanding of the molecular basis of vector assembly and integrity is critical. Crystallographic data in conjunction with site-directed mutagenesis and biochemical analysis provide a model for the molecular determinants of dodecamer particle assembly and the requirements for stability. The 3.8 Å crystal structure of Ad3 penton base dodecamer (Dd) shows that the dodecahedric structure is stabilized by strand-swapping between neighboring penton base molecules. Such N-terminal strand-swapping does not occur for Dd of Ad2, a serotype which does not form Dd under physiological conditions. This unique stabilization of the Ad3 dodecamer is controlled by residues 59-61 located at the site of strand switching, the residues involved in putative salt bridges between pentamers and by the disordered N-terminus (residues 1-47), as confirmed by site directed mutagenesis and biochemical analysis of mutant and wild type protein. We also provide evidence that the distal N-terminal residues are externally exposed and available for attaching cargo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Szolajska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wim P. Burmeister
- Unit for Virus Host-Cell Interactions, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1/European Molecular Biology Laboratory/Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (UJF Grenoble 1/EMBL/CNRS UMI 3265), Grenoble, France
| | - Monika Zochowska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Nerlo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Igor Andreev
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Guy Schoehn
- Unit for Virus Host-Cell Interactions, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1/European Molecular Biology Laboratory/Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (UJF Grenoble 1/EMBL/CNRS UMI 3265), Grenoble, France
- Institut de Biologie Structurale Jean-Pierre Ebel (IBS), Commissariat d'Energie Atomique, Grenoble, France
- IBS, UJF Grenoble 1, Grenoble, France
- IBS UMR 5075, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Andrieu
- Institut de Biologie Structurale Jean-Pierre Ebel (IBS), Commissariat d'Energie Atomique, Grenoble, France
- IBS, UJF Grenoble 1, Grenoble, France
- IBS UMR 5075, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Pascal Fender
- Unit for Virus Host-Cell Interactions, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1/European Molecular Biology Laboratory/Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (UJF Grenoble 1/EMBL/CNRS UMI 3265), Grenoble, France
| | - Antonina Naskalska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Chloe Zubieta
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
- Grenoble Outstation, EMBL, Grenoble, France
| | - Stephen Cusack
- Unit for Virus Host-Cell Interactions, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1/European Molecular Biology Laboratory/Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (UJF Grenoble 1/EMBL/CNRS UMI 3265), Grenoble, France
- Grenoble Outstation, EMBL, Grenoble, France
| | - Jadwiga Chroboczek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications de Grenoble, UMR 5525 CNRS/UJF Grenoble 1, La Tronche, France
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ching W, Dobner T, Koyuncu E. The human adenovirus type 5 E1B 55-kilodalton protein is phosphorylated by protein kinase CK2. J Virol 2012; 86:2400-15. [PMID: 22190719 PMCID: PMC3302271 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.06066-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV5) early region 1B 55-kDa protein (E1B-55K) is a multifunctional phosphoprotein playing several critical roles during adenoviral productive infection, e.g., degradation of host cell proteins, viral late mRNA export, and inhibition of p53-mediated transcription. Many of these functions are apparently regulated at least in part by the phosphorylation of E1B-55K occurring at a stretch of amino acids resembling a potential CK2 consensus phosphorylation motif. We therefore investigated the potential role of CK2 phosphorylation upon E1B-55K during adenoviral infection. A phosphonegative E1B-55K mutant showed severely reduced virus progeny production, although viral early, late, and structural protein levels and viral DNA replication were not obviously affected. Binding studies revealed an interaction between the CK2α catalytic subunit and wild-type E1B-55K, which is severely impaired in the phosphonegative E1B mutant. In addition, in situ the α-catalytic subunit is redistributed into ring-like structures surrounding E1B-55K nuclear areas and distinct cytoplasmic accumulations, where a significant amount of CK2α colocalizes with E1B-55K. Furthermore, in in vitro phosphorylation assays, wild-type E1B-55K glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins were readily phosphorylated by the CK2α subunit but inefficiently phosphorylated by the CK2 holoenzyme. Addition of the CK2-specific inhibitors TBB (4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzotriazole) and DMAT (2-dimethylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole) to infected cells confirmed that CK2α binding to E1B-55K is necessary for efficient phosphorylation of E1B-55K. In summary, our data show that CK2α interacts with and phosphorylates HAdV5 E1B-55K at residues S490/491 and T495 and that these posttranslational modifications are essential for E1B-55K lytic functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelm Ching
- Heinrich-Pette-Institut, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Department of Molecular Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Schmid M, Gonzalez RA, Dobner T. CRM1-dependent transport supports cytoplasmic accumulation of adenoviral early transcripts. J Virol 2012; 86:2282-92. [PMID: 22171254 PMCID: PMC3302419 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.06275-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The life cycle of adenoviruses is divided by convention into early and late phases, separated by the onset of viral genome replication. Early events include virus adsorption, transport of the genome into the nucleus, and the expression of early genes. After the onset of viral DNA replication, transcription of the major late transcription unit (MLTU) and thereby synthesis of late proteins is induced. These steps are controlled by an orchestra of regulatory processes and require import of the genome and numerous viral proteins into the nucleus, as well as active transport of viral transcripts and proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The latter is achieved by exploiting the shuttling functions of cellular transport receptors, which normally stimulate the nuclear export of cellular mRNA and protein cargos. A set of adenoviral early and late proteins contains a leucine-rich nuclear export signal of the HIV-1 Rev type, known to be recognized by the cellular export receptor CRM1. However, a role for CRM1-dependent export in supporting adenoviral replication has not been established. To address this issue in detail, we investigated the impact of two different CRM1 inhibitors on several steps of the adenoviral life cycle. Inhibition of CRM1 led to a reduction in viral early and late gene expression, viral genome replication, and progeny virus production. For the first time, our findings indicate that CRM1-dependent shuttling is required for the efficient export of adenoviral early mRNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Schmid
- Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Corjon S, Gonzalez G, Henning P, Grichine A, Lindholm L, Boulanger P, Fender P, Hong SS. Cell entry and trafficking of human adenovirus bound to blood factor X is determined by the fiber serotype and not hexon:heparan sulfate interaction. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18205. [PMID: 21637339 PMCID: PMC3102659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus serotype 5 (HAdV5)-based vectors administered intravenously accumulate in the liver as the result of their direct binding to blood coagulation factor X (FX) and subsequent interaction of the FX-HAdV5 complex with heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) at the surface of liver cells. Intriguingly, the serotype 35 fiber-pseudotyped vector HAdV5F35 has liver transduction efficiencies 4-logs lower than HAdV5, even though both vectors carry the same hexon capsomeres. In order to reconcile this apparent paradox, we investigated the possible role of other viral capsid proteins on the FX/HSPG-mediated cellular uptake of HAdV5-based vectors. Using CAR- and CD46-negative CHO cells varying in HSPG expression, we confirmed that FX bound to serotype 5 hexon protein and to HAdV5 and HAdV5F35 virions via its Gla-domain, and enhanced the binding of both vectors to surface-immobilized hypersulfated heparin and cellular HSPG. Using penton mutants, we found that the positive effect of FX on HAdV5 binding to HSPG and cell transduction did not depend on the penton base RGD and fiber shaft KKTK motifs. However, we found that FX had no enhancing effect on the HAdV5F35-mediated cell transduction, but a negative effect which did not involve the cell attachment or endocytic step, but the intracellular trafficking and nuclear import of the FX-HAdV5F35 complex. By cellular imaging, HAdV5F35 particles were observed to accumulate in the late endosomal compartment, and were released in significant amounts into the extracellular medium via exocytosis. We showed that the stability of serotype 5 hexon:FX interaction was higher at low pH compared to neutral pH, which could account for the retention of FX-HAdV5F35 complexes in the late endosomes. Our results suggested that, despite the high affinity interaction of hexon capsomeres to FX and cell surface HSPG, the adenoviral fiber acted as the dominant determinant of the internalization and trafficking pathway of HAdV5-based vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Corjon
- University Lyon 1, INRA UMR 754, Retrovirus
and Comparative Pathology, Lyon, France
| | - Gaëlle Gonzalez
- University Lyon 1, INRA UMR 754, Retrovirus
and Comparative Pathology, Lyon, France
| | - Petra Henning
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology,
University of Göteborg, Institute for Biomedicine, Göteborg,
Sweden
| | - Alexei Grichine
- Institut Albert Bonniot, CRI INSERM-UJF U-823,
La Tronche, France
| | | | - Pierre Boulanger
- University Lyon 1, INRA UMR 754, Retrovirus
and Comparative Pathology, Lyon, France
| | - Pascal Fender
- Unit for Virus-Host Interaction, UMI-3265,
CNRS-EMBL-UJF, Grenoble, France
| | - Saw-See Hong
- University Lyon 1, INRA UMR 754, Retrovirus
and Comparative Pathology, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yatherajam G, Huang W, Flint SJ. Export of adenoviral late mRNA from the nucleus requires the Nxf1/Tap export receptor. J Virol 2011; 85:1429-38. [PMID: 21123381 PMCID: PMC3028892 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02108-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
One important function of the human adenovirus E1B 55-kDa protein is induction of selective nuclear export of viral late mRNAs. This protein interacts with the viral E4 Orf6 and four cellular proteins to form an infected-cell-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase. The assembly of this enzyme is required for efficient viral late mRNA export, but neither the relevant substrates nor the cellular pathway that exports viral late mRNAs has been identified. We therefore examined the effects on viral late gene expression of inhibition of the synthesis or activity of the mRNA export receptor Nxf1, which was observed to colocalize with the E1B 55-kDa protein in infected cells. When production of Nxf1 was impaired by using RNA interference, the efficiency of viral late mRNA export was reduced to a corresponding degree. Furthermore, synthesis of a dominant-negative derivative of Nxf1 during the late phase of infection interfered with production of a late structural protein. These observations indicate that the Nxf1 pathway is responsible for export of viral late mRNAs. As the infected-cell-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase targets its known substrates for proteasomal degradation, we compared the concentrations of several components of this pathway (Nxf1, Thox1, and Thoc4) in infected cells that did or did not contain this enzyme. Although the concentration of a well-established substrate, Mre11, decreased significantly in cells infected by adenovirus type 5 (Ad5), but not in those infected by the E1B 55-kDa protein-null mutant Hr6, no E1B 55-kDa protein-dependent degradation of the Nxf1 pathway proteins was observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Yatherajam
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08854
| | - Wenying Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08854
| | - S. J. Flint
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08854
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bradshaw AC, Parker AL, Duffy MR, Coughlan L, van Rooijen N, Kähäri VM, Nicklin SA, Baker AH. Requirements for receptor engagement during infection by adenovirus complexed with blood coagulation factor X. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6:e1001142. [PMID: 20949078 PMCID: PMC2951380 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses from multiple species bind to coagulation factor X (FX), yet the importance of this interaction in adenovirus dissemination is unknown. Upon contact with blood, vectors based on adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) binds to FX via the hexon protein with nanomolar affinity, leading to selective uptake of the complex into the liver and spleen. The Ad5:FX complex putatively targets heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). The aim of this study was to elucidate the specific requirements for Ad5:FX-mediated cellular uptake in this high-affinity pathway, specifically the HSPG receptor requirements as well as the role of penton base-mediated integrin engagement in subsequent internalisation. Removal of HS sidechains by enzymatic digestion or competition with highly-sulfated heparins/heparan sulfates significantly decreased FX-mediated Ad5 cell binding in vitro and ex vivo. Removal of N-linked and, in particular, O-linked sulfate groups significantly attenuated the inhibitory capabilities of heparin, while the chemical inhibition of endogenous HSPG sulfation dose-dependently reduced FX-mediated Ad5 cellular uptake. Unlike native heparin, modified heparins lacking O- or N-linked sulfate groups were unable to inhibit Ad5 accumulation in the liver 1h after intravascular administration of adenovirus. Similar results were observed in vitro using Ad5 vectors possessing mutations ablating CAR- and/or α(v) integrin binding, demonstrating that attachment of the Ad5:FX complex to the cell surface involves HSPG sulfation. Interestingly, Ad5 vectors ablated for α(v) integrin binding showed markedly delayed cell entry, highlighting the need for an efficient post-attachment internalisation signal for optimal Ad5 uptake and transport following surface binding mediated through FX. This study therefore integrates the established model of α(v) integrin-dependent adenoviral infection with the high-affinity FX-mediated pathway. This has important implications for mechanisms that define organ targeting following contact of human adenoviruses with blood.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adenoviridae Infections/metabolism
- Adenoviridae Infections/virology
- Adenoviruses, Human/genetics
- Adenoviruses, Human/metabolism
- Adenoviruses, Human/physiology
- Factor X/metabolism
- Hep G2 Cells
- Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans/metabolism
- Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans/physiology
- Heparin/pharmacology
- Humans
- Multiprotein Complexes/metabolism
- Multiprotein Complexes/physiology
- Oligopeptides/chemistry
- Oligopeptides/physiology
- Organisms, Genetically Modified
- Protein Binding/drug effects
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational/physiology
- Receptors, Virus/chemistry
- Receptors, Virus/genetics
- Receptors, Virus/metabolism
- Receptors, Virus/physiology
- Sulfates/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Virus Internalization/drug effects
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Bradshaw
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|