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McFall A, Graham D, Nicklin SA, Work LM. Unscheduled changes in pre-clinical stroke model housing contributes to variance in physiological and behavioural data outcomes: A post hoc analysis. Brain Neurosci Adv 2024; 8:23982128241238934. [PMID: 38516557 PMCID: PMC10956152 DOI: 10.1177/23982128241238934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic stroke presents a significant problem worldwide with no neuroprotective drugs available. Many of the failures in the search for neuroprotectants are attributed to failure to translate from pre-clinical models to humans, which has been combatted with rigorous pre-clinical stroke research guidelines. Here, we present post hoc analysis of a pre-clinical stroke trial, conducted using intraluminal filament transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat, whereby unscheduled changes were implemented in the animal housing facility. These changes severely impacted body weight post-stroke resulting in a change from the typical body weight of 90.6% of pre-surgery weight post-stroke, to on average 80.5% of pre-surgery weight post-stroke. The changes also appeared to impact post-stroke blood pressure, with an increase from 215.4 to 240.3 mmHg between housing groups, and functional outcome post-stroke, with a 38% increased latency to contact in the sticky label test. These data highlight the importance of tightly controlled housing conditions when using physiological or behavioural measurements as a primary outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling McFall
- School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Delyth Graham
- School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stuart A. Nicklin
- School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lorraine M. Work
- School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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2
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Martin TP, MacDonald EA, Bradley A, Watson H, Saxena P, Rog-Zielinska EA, Raheem A, Fisher S, Elbassioni AAM, Almuzaini O, Booth C, Campbell M, Riddell A, Herzyk P, Blyth K, Nixon C, Zentilin L, Berry C, Braun T, Giacca M, McBride MW, Nicklin SA, Cameron ER, Loughrey CM. Ribonucleicacid interference or small molecule inhibition of Runx1 in the border zone prevents cardiac contractile dysfunction following myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2663-2671. [PMID: 37433039 PMCID: PMC10730241 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of death worldwide. Effective treatments are required to improve recovery of cardiac function following MI, with the aim of improving patient outcomes and preventing progression to heart failure. The perfused but hypocontractile region bordering an infarct is functionally distinct from the remote surviving myocardium and is a determinant of adverse remodelling and cardiac contractility. Expression of the transcription factor RUNX1 is increased in the border zone 1-day after MI, suggesting potential for targeted therapeutic intervention. OBJECTIVE This study sought to investigate whether an increase in RUNX1 in the border zone can be therapeutically targeted to preserve contractility following MI. METHODS AND RESULTS In this work we demonstrate that Runx1 drives reductions in cardiomyocyte contractility, calcium handling, mitochondrial density, and expression of genes important for oxidative phosphorylation. Both tamoxifen-inducible Runx1-deficient and essential co-factor common β subunit (Cbfβ)-deficient cardiomyocyte-specific mouse models demonstrated that antagonizing RUNX1 function preserves the expression of genes important for oxidative phosphorylation following MI. Antagonizing RUNX1 expression via short-hairpin RNA interference preserved contractile function following MI. Equivalent effects were obtained with a small molecule inhibitor (Ro5-3335) that reduces RUNX1 function by blocking its interaction with CBFβ. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm the translational potential of RUNX1 as a novel therapeutic target in MI, with wider opportunities for use across a range of cardiac diseases where RUNX1 drives adverse cardiac remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara P Martin
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Eilidh A MacDonald
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Ashley Bradley
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Holly Watson
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Priyanka Saxena
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Eva A Rog-Zielinska
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Centre Freiburg/Bad Krozingen, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anmar Raheem
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Simon Fisher
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Ali Ali Mohamed Elbassioni
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ohood Almuzaini
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Catriona Booth
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Morna Campbell
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Alexandra Riddell
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Pawel Herzyk
- School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Polyomics, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK
| | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK
| | - Lorena Zentilin
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Colin Berry
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Mauro Giacca
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Martin W McBride
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Ewan R Cameron
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK
| | - Christopher M Loughrey
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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3
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He W, McCarroll CS, Nather K, Ford K, Mangion K, Riddell A, O’Toole D, Zaeri A, Corcoran D, Carrick D, Lee MMY, McEntegart M, Davie A, Good R, Lindsay MM, Eteiba H, Rocchiccioli P, Watkins S, Hood S, Shaukat A, McArthur L, Elliott EB, McClure J, Hawksby C, Martin T, Petrie MC, Oldroyd KG, Smith GL, Channon KM, Berry C, Nicklin SA, Loughrey CM. Inhibition of myocardial cathepsin-L release during reperfusion following myocardial infarction improves cardiac function and reduces infarct size. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:1535-1547. [PMID: 34132807 PMCID: PMC9074968 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Identifying novel mediators of lethal myocardial reperfusion injury that can be targeted during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is key to limiting the progression of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) to heart failure. Here, we show through parallel clinical and integrative preclinical studies the significance of the protease cathepsin-L on cardiac function during reperfusion injury. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that direct cardiac release of cathepsin-L in STEMI patients (n = 76) immediately post-PPCI leads to elevated serum cathepsin-L levels and that serum levels of cathepsin-L in the first 24 h post-reperfusion are associated with reduced cardiac contractile function and increased infarct size. Preclinical studies demonstrate that inhibition of cathepsin-L release following reperfusion injury with CAA0225 reduces infarct size and improves cardiac contractile function by limiting abnormal cardiomyocyte calcium handling and apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that cathepsin-L is a novel therapeutic target that could be exploited clinically to counteract the deleterious effects of acute reperfusion injury after an acute STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katrin Nather
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Kristopher Ford
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Kenneth Mangion
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Alexandra Riddell
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Dylan O’Toole
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Ali Zaeri
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - David Corcoran
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - David Carrick
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Mathew M Y Lee
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Margaret McEntegart
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Andrew Davie
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Richard Good
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Mitchell M Lindsay
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Hany Eteiba
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Paul Rocchiccioli
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Stuart Watkins
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Stuart Hood
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Aadil Shaukat
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Lisa McArthur
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Elspeth B Elliott
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - John McClure
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Catherine Hawksby
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Tamara Martin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Mark C Petrie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Keith G Oldroyd
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Godfrey L Smith
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | | | - Keith M Channon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Colin Berry
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- West of Scotland Heart and Lung Centre, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank G81 4DY, UK
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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4
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Bates EA, Counsell JR, Alizert S, Baker AT, Suff N, Boyle A, Bradshaw AC, Waddington SN, Nicklin SA, Baker AH, Parker AL. In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Human Adenovirus Type 49 as a Vector for Therapeutic Applications. Viruses 2021; 13:1483. [PMID: 34452348 PMCID: PMC8402785 DOI: 10.3390/v13081483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The human adenovirus phylogenetic tree is split across seven species (A-G). Species D adenoviruses offer potential advantages for gene therapy applications, with low rates of pre-existing immunity detected across screened populations. However, many aspects of the basic virology of species D-such as their cellular tropism, receptor usage, and in vivo biodistribution profile-remain unknown. Here, we have characterized human adenovirus type 49 (HAdV-D49)-a relatively understudied species D member. We report that HAdV-D49 does not appear to use a single pathway to gain cell entry, but appears able to interact with various surface molecules for entry. As such, HAdV-D49 can transduce a broad range of cell types in vitro, with variable engagement of blood coagulation FX. Interestingly, when comparing in vivo biodistribution to adenovirus type 5, HAdV-D49 vectors show reduced liver targeting, whilst maintaining transduction of lung and spleen. Overall, this presents HAdV-D49 as a robust viral vector platform for ex vivo manipulation of human cells, and for in vivo applications where the therapeutic goal is to target the lung or gain access to immune cells in the spleen, whilst avoiding liver interactions, such as intravascular vaccine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. Bates
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; (E.A.B.); (A.T.B.)
| | - John R. Counsell
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK;
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Sophie Alizert
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (S.A.); (A.C.B.); (S.A.N.)
| | - Alexander T. Baker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; (E.A.B.); (A.T.B.)
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Natalie Suff
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, King’s College London, St Thomas’ Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK;
| | - Ashley Boyle
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, EGA Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, 86-96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (A.B.); (S.N.W.)
| | - Angela C. Bradshaw
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (S.A.); (A.C.B.); (S.A.N.)
| | - Simon N. Waddington
- Gene Transfer Technology Group, EGA Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, 86-96 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (A.B.); (S.N.W.)
- MRC Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witswatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Stuart A. Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (S.A.); (A.C.B.); (S.A.N.)
| | - Andrew H. Baker
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK; (S.A.); (A.C.B.); (S.A.N.)
- Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Alan L. Parker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; (E.A.B.); (A.T.B.)
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5
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Martin TP, MacDonald EA, Elbassioni AAM, O'Toole D, Zaeri AAI, Nicklin SA, Gray GA, Loughrey CM. Preclinical models of myocardial infarction: from mechanism to translation. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:770-791. [PMID: 34131903 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 7 million people are affected by acute myocardial infarction (MI) each year, and despite significant therapeutic and diagnostic advancements, MI remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Preclinical animal models have significantly advanced our understanding of MI and have enabled the development of therapeutic strategies to combat this debilitating disease. Notably, some drugs currently used to treat MI and heart failure (HF) in patients had initially been studied in preclinical animal models. Despite this, preclinical models are limited in their ability to fully reproduce the complexity of MI in humans. The preclinical model must be carefully selected to maximise the translational potential of experimental findings. This review describes current experimental models of MI and considers how they have been used to understand drug mechanisms of action and support translational medicine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara P Martin
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Eilidh A MacDonald
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ali Ali Mohamed Elbassioni
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Suez Canal University, Arab Republic of Egypt
| | - Dylan O'Toole
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ali Abdullah I Zaeri
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gillian A Gray
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christopher M Loughrey
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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6
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McFall A, Nicklin SA, Work LM. The counter regulatory axis of the renin angiotensin system in the brain and ischaemic stroke: Insight from preclinical stroke studies and therapeutic potential. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109809. [PMID: 33059037 PMCID: PMC7550360 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the 2nd leading cause of death worldwide and the leading cause of physical disability and cognitive issues. Although we have made progress in certain aspects of stroke treatment, the consequences remain substantial and new treatments are needed. Hypertension has long been recognised as a major risk factor for stroke, both haemorrhagic and ischaemic. The renin angiotensin system (RAS) plays a key role in blood pressure regulation and this, plus local expression and signalling of RAS in the brain, both support the potential for targeting this axis therapeutically in the setting of stroke. While historically, focus has been on suppressing classical RAS signalling through the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R), the identification of a counter-regulatory axis of the RAS signalling via the angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) and Mas receptor has renewed interest in targeting the RAS. This review describes RAS signalling in the brain and the potential of targeting the Mas receptor and AT2R in preclinical models of ischaemic stroke. The animal and experimental models, and the route and timing of intervention, are considered from a translational perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling McFall
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lorraine M Work
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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7
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O'Toole D, Zaeri AAI, Nicklin SA, French AT, Loughrey CM, Martin TP. Signalling pathways linking cysteine cathepsins to adverse cardiac remodelling. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109770. [PMID: 32891693 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adverse cardiac remodelling clinically manifests as deleterious changes to heart architecture (size, mass and geometry) and function. These changes, which include alterations to ventricular wall thickness, chamber dilation and poor contractility, are important because they progressively drive patients with cardiac disease towards heart failure and are associated with poor prognosis. Cysteine cathepsins contribute to key signalling pathways involved in adverse cardiac remodelling including synthesis and degradation of the cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM), cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, impaired cardiomyocyte contractility and apoptosis. In this review, we highlight the role of cathepsins in these signalling pathways as well as their translational potential as therapeutic targets in cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan O'Toole
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Ali Abdullah I Zaeri
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Anne T French
- Clinical Sciences Department, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, St. Kitts, West Indies, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Christopher M Loughrey
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK.
| | - Tamara P Martin
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK.
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8
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Pashova A, Work LM, Nicklin SA. The role of extracellular vesicles in neointima formation post vascular injury. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109783. [PMID: 32956789 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pathological neointimal growth can develop in patients as a result of vascular injury following percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting using autologous saphenous vein, leading to arterial or vein graft occlusion. Neointima formation driven by intimal hyperplasia occurs as a result of a complex interplay between molecular and cellular processes involving different cell types including endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and various inflammatory cells. Therefore, understanding the intercellular communication mechanisms underlying this process remains of fundamental importance in order to develop therapeutic strategies to preserve endothelial integrity and vascular health post coronary interventions. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including microvesicles and exosomes, are membrane-bound particles secreted by cells which mediate intercellular signalling in physiological and pathophysiological states, however their role in neointima formation is not fully understood. The purification and characterization techniques currently used in the field are associated with many limitations which significantly hinder the ability to comprehensively study the role of specific EV types and make direct functional comparisons between EV subpopulations. In this review, the current knowledge focusing on EV signalling in neointima formation post vascular injury is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pashova
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - L M Work
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - S A Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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9
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Guzik TJ, Mohiddin SA, Dimarco A, Patel V, Savvatis K, Marelli-Berg FM, Madhur MS, Tomaszewski M, Maffia P, D’Acquisto F, Nicklin SA, Marian AJ, Nosalski R, Murray EC, Guzik B, Berry C, Touyz RM, Kreutz R, Wang DW, Bhella D, Sagliocco O, Crea F, Thomson EC, McInnes IB. COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system: implications for risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment options. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:1666-1687. [PMID: 32352535 PMCID: PMC7197627 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 870] [Impact Index Per Article: 217.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, caused by SARS-CoV-2, represents the greatest medical challenge in decades. We provide a comprehensive review of the clinical course of COVID-19, its comorbidities, and mechanistic considerations for future therapies. While COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs, causing interstitial pneumonitis and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), it also affects multiple organs, particularly the cardiovascular system. Risk of severe infection and mortality increase with advancing age and male sex. Mortality is increased by comorbidities: cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, chronic pulmonary disease, and cancer. The most common complications include arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachyarrhythmia, and ventricular fibrillation), cardiac injury [elevated highly sensitive troponin I (hs-cTnI) and creatine kinase (CK) levels], fulminant myocarditis, heart failure, pulmonary embolism, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Mechanistically, SARS-CoV-2, following proteolytic cleavage of its S protein by a serine protease, binds to the transmembrane angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) -a homologue of ACE-to enter type 2 pneumocytes, macrophages, perivascular pericytes, and cardiomyocytes. This may lead to myocardial dysfunction and damage, endothelial dysfunction, microvascular dysfunction, plaque instability, and myocardial infarction (MI). While ACE2 is essential for viral invasion, there is no evidence that ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) worsen prognosis. Hence, patients should not discontinue their use. Moreover, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors might be beneficial in COVID-19. Initial immune and inflammatory responses induce a severe cytokine storm [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-7, IL-22, IL-17, etc.] during the rapid progression phase of COVID-19. Early evaluation and continued monitoring of cardiac damage (cTnI and NT-proBNP) and coagulation (D-dimer) after hospitalization may identify patients with cardiac injury and predict COVID-19 complications. Preventive measures (social distancing and social isolation) also increase cardiovascular risk. Cardiovascular considerations of therapies currently used, including remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, ribavirin, interferons, and lopinavir/ritonavir, as well as experimental therapies, such as human recombinant ACE2 (rhACE2), are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland
| | - Saidi A Mohiddin
- Barts Heart Center, St Bartholomew’s NHS Trust, London, UK
- William Harvey Institute Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Vimal Patel
- Barts Heart Center, St Bartholomew’s NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | - Meena S Madhur
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Stuart A Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ali J Marian
- Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ryszard Nosalski
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland
| | - Eleanor C Murray
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Bartlomiej Guzik
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Institute of Cardiology, Department of Interventional Cardiology; John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Colin Berry
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Reinhold Kreutz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Germany
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - David Bhella
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Orlando Sagliocco
- Emergency Department, Intensive Care Unit; ASST Bergamo Est Bolognini Hospital Bergamo, Italy
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Emma C Thomson
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, University of Glasgow, UK
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Iain B McInnes
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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10
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Riddell A, McBride M, Braun T, Nicklin SA, Cameron E, Loughrey CM, Martin TP. RUNX1: an emerging therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:1410-1423. [PMID: 32154891 PMCID: PMC7314639 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor-1 (RUNX1), also known as acute myeloid leukaemia 1 protein (AML1), is a member of the core-binding factor family of transcription factors which modulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival in multiple systems. It is a master-regulator transcription factor, which has been implicated in diverse signalling pathways and cellular mechanisms during normal development and disease. RUNX1 is best characterized for its indispensable role for definitive haematopoiesis and its involvement in haematological malignancies. However, more recently RUNX1 has been identified as a key regulator of adverse cardiac remodelling following myocardial infarction. This review discusses the role RUNX1 plays in the heart and highlights its therapeutic potential as a target to limit the progression of adverse cardiac remodelling and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Riddell
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Martin McBride
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Thomas Braun
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr. 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Ewan Cameron
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Christopher M Loughrey
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Tamara P Martin
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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11
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McArthur L, Riddell A, Chilton L, Smith GL, Nicklin SA. Regulation of connexin 43 by interleukin 1β in adult rat cardiac fibroblasts and effects in an adult rat cardiac myocyte: fibroblast co-culture model. Heliyon 2019; 6:e03031. [PMID: 31909243 PMCID: PMC6940628 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Connexin 43 expression (Cx43) is increased in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) following myocardial infarction. Here, potential mediators responsible for increasing Cx43 expression and effects of differential CF phenotype on cardiac myocyte (CM) function were investigated. Stimulating adult rat CFs with proinflammatory mediators revealed that interleukin 1β (IL-1β) significantly enhanced Cx43 levels through the IL-1β pathway. Additionally, IL-1β reduced mRNA levels of the myofibroblast (MF) markers: (i) connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and (ii) α smooth muscle actin (αSMA), compared to control CFs. A co-culture adult rat CM:CF model was utilised to examine cell-to-cell interactions. Transfer of calcein from CMs to underlying CFs suggested functional gap junction formation. Functional analysis revealed contraction duration (CD) of CMs was shortened in co-culture with CFs, while treatment of CFs with IL-1β reduced this mechanical effect of co-culture. No effect on action potential rise time or duration of CMs cultured with control or IL-1β-treated CFs was observed. These data demonstrate that stimulating CFs with IL-1β increases Cx43 and reduces MF marker expression, suggesting altered cell phenotype. These changes may underlie the reduced mechanical effects of IL-1β treated CFs on CD of co-cultured CMs and therefore have an implication for our understanding of heterocellular interactions in cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa McArthur
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Alexandra Riddell
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Lisa Chilton
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Godfrey L Smith
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
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12
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Guzik TJ, Antoniades C, Baker AH, Harrison DG, Loughrey CM, Maffia P, Murphy E, Nicklin SA, Peter K, Pearson J, Casadei B. What matters in Cardiovascular Research? Scientific discovery driving clinical delivery. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:1565-1568. [PMID: 30629152 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, 126 University Place, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Anny 12 Krakow, Poland
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew H Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David G Harrison
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 2201 West End Ave, Nashville, TN, USA.,Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, 1161 21st Ave S, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Christopher M Loughrey
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, 126 University Place, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, 126 University Place, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, Sir Graeme Davies Building, 120 University Place, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, Naples, Italy
| | - Elizabeth Murphy
- Systems Biology Centre, NHLBI, NIH, 31 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, 126 University Place, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne VIC, Australia
| | - Jeremy Pearson
- British Heart Foundation, Greater London House, 180 Hampstead Road, London, UK
| | - Barbara Casadei
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, UK
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13
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Divorty N, Milligan G, Graham D, Nicklin SA. The Orphan Receptor GPR35 Contributes to Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Cardiac Dysfunction in Mice. Am J Hypertens 2018; 31:1049-1058. [PMID: 29860395 PMCID: PMC6077831 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpy073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The orphan receptor G protein–coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) has been associated with a range of diseases, including cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure. To assess the potential for GPR35 as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease, this study investigated the cardiovascular phenotype of a GPR35 knockout mouse under both basal conditions and following pathophysiological stimulation. METHODS Blood pressure was monitored in male wild-type and GPR35 knockout mice over 7–14 days using implantable telemetry. Cardiac function and dimensions were assessed using echocardiography, and cardiomyocyte morphology evaluated histologically. Two weeks of angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion was used to investigate the effects of GPR35 deficiency under pathophysiological conditions. Gpr35 messenger RNA expression in cardiovascular tissues was assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS There were no significant differences in blood pressure, cardiac function, or cardiomyocyte morphology in GPR35 knockout mice compared with wild-type mice. Following Ang II infusion, GPR35 knockout mice were protected from significant increases in systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure or impaired left ventricular systolic function, in contrast to wild-type mice. There were no significant differences in Gpr35 messenger RNA expression in heart, kidney, and aorta following Ang II infusion in wild-type mice. CONCLUSIONS Although GPR35 does not appear to influence basal cardiovascular regulation, these findings demonstrate that it plays an important pathological role in the development of Ang II–induced hypertension and impaired cardiac function. This suggests that GPR35 is a potential novel drug target for therapeutic intervention in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Divorty
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Graeme Milligan
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Delyth Graham
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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14
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Delles C, Carrick E, Graham D, Nicklin SA. Utilizing proteomics to understand and define hypertension: where are we and where do we go? Expert Rev Proteomics 2018; 15:581-592. [PMID: 29999442 PMCID: PMC6092739 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1493927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypertension is a complex and multifactorial cardiovascular disorder. With different mechanisms contributing to a different extent to an individual's blood pressure, the discovery of novel pathogenetic principles of hypertension is challenging. However, there is an urgent and unmet clinical need to improve prevention, detection, and therapy of hypertension in order to reduce the global burden associated with hypertension-related cardiovascular diseases. Areas covered: Proteomic techniques have been applied in reductionist experimental models including angiotensin II infusion models in rodents and the spontaneously hypertensive rat in order to unravel mechanisms involved in blood pressure control and end organ damage. In humans proteomic studies mainly focus on prediction and detection of organ damage, particularly of heart failure and renal disease. While there are only few proteomic studies specifically addressing human primary hypertension, there are more data available in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, such as preeclampsia. We will review these studies and discuss implications of proteomics on precision medicine approaches. Expert commentary: Despite the potential of proteomic studies in hypertension there has been moderate progress in this area of research. Standardized large-scale studies are required in order to make best use of the potential that proteomics offers in hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Delles
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Emma Carrick
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Delyth Graham
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stuart A. Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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15
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McCarroll CS, He W, Foote K, Bradley A, Mcglynn K, Vidler F, Nixon C, Nather K, Fattah C, Riddell A, Bowman P, Elliott EB, Bell M, Hawksby C, MacKenzie SM, Morrison LJ, Terry A, Blyth K, Smith GL, McBride MW, Kubin T, Braun T, Nicklin SA, Cameron ER, Loughrey CM. Runx1 Deficiency Protects Against Adverse Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction. Circulation 2018; 137:57-70. [PMID: 29030345 PMCID: PMC5757664 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.028911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of heart failure and death worldwide. Preservation of contractile function and protection against adverse changes in ventricular architecture (cardiac remodeling) are key factors to limiting progression of this condition to heart failure. Consequently, new therapeutic targets are urgently required to achieve this aim. Expression of the Runx1 transcription factor is increased in adult cardiomyocytes after MI; however, the functional role of Runx1 in the heart is unknown. METHODS To address this question, we have generated a novel tamoxifen-inducible cardiomyocyte-specific Runx1-deficient mouse. Mice were subjected to MI by means of coronary artery ligation. Cardiac remodeling and contractile function were assessed extensively at the whole-heart, cardiomyocyte, and molecular levels. RESULTS Runx1-deficient mice were protected against adverse cardiac remodeling after MI, maintaining ventricular wall thickness and contractile function. Furthermore, these mice lacked eccentric hypertrophy, and their cardiomyocytes exhibited markedly improved calcium handling. At the mechanistic level, these effects were achieved through increased phosphorylation of phospholamban by protein kinase A and relief of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase inhibition. Enhanced sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase activity in Runx1-deficient mice increased sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium content and sarcoplasmic reticulum-mediated calcium release, preserving cardiomyocyte contraction after MI. CONCLUSIONS Our data identified Runx1 as a novel therapeutic target with translational potential to counteract the effects of adverse cardiac remodeling, thereby improving survival and quality of life among patients with MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte S McCarroll
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | - Weihong He
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | - Kirsty Foote
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, UK (K.F.)
| | - Ashley Bradley
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | - Karen Mcglynn
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | - Francesca Vidler
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Bearsden, Glasgow, UK (C.N., K.B.)
| | - Katrin Nather
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | - Caroline Fattah
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | - Alexandra Riddell
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | - Peter Bowman
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | - Elspeth B Elliott
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | | | - Catherine Hawksby
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | - Scott M MacKenzie
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | - Liam J Morrison
- Division of Infection and Immunity, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK (L.J.M.)
| | - Anne Terry
- Centre for Virus Research (A.T.), University of Glasgow, Garscube Campus, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Bearsden, Glasgow, UK (C.N., K.B.)
| | - Godfrey L Smith
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | - Martin W McBride
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | - Thomas Kubin
- Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T.K., T.B.)
| | - Thomas Braun
- Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T.K., T.B.)
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
| | | | - Christopher M Loughrey
- Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK (C.S.M., W.H., A.B., K.M., F.V., K.N., C.F., A.R., P.B., E.B.E., C.H., S.M.M., G.L.S., M.W.M., S.A.N., C.M.L.)
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16
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Mackenzie RM, Pinel K, Carrick EJ, Nather K, Husi H, Graham D, Mullen W, Nicklin SA, Delles C. Abstract P502: Vascular Tissue Proteomics Enables Detection of Cell Type-specific Changes in Target Expression. Hypertension 2017. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.70.suppl_1.p502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Identification of robust targets from proteomic studies in cardiovascular tissue may prove challenging. Using an angiotensin II (Ang II)-infusion mouse model, we performed a proteomics study in isolated thoracic aortas. Changes in proteins related to cardiovascular pathophysiology were identified and candidate targets selected for validation via traditional techniques.
Methods and Results:
C57 black/6 mice were infused with Ang II (24 μg/kg/hour) via osmotic minipump for 6 weeks. Elastic Van Gieson staining demonstrated significantly increased medial area in aortas from Ang II-infused mice compared to water-infused control mice (
P
<0.005 ), indicating Ang II-induced remodelling.
Nanoscale liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (nano LC-MS/MS) revealed a 1.28 fold increase in galectin-3 (LGALS3) expression in vessels from Ang II-infused mice as compared to controls. LGALS3, a β-galactoside binding lectin, is a well known marker of cardiovascular disease reported to play a role in Ang II-induced cardiac remodelling.
Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining showed increased LGALS3 expression throughout the vessel wall and particularly in the endothelial layer (quantification using Image J Fiji software: 110.4 ± 1.37 vs 120.5 ± 2.6 arbitrary units;
P
=0.005) in Ang II-infused mice compared to controls.
Human primary endothelial cells (ECs) were isolated from saphenous veins of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery and translational studies performed.
LGALS3
/LGALS3 expression was detected at both mRNA and protein level by qRT-PCR and immunoblotting respectively. Acute stimulation of ECs with Ang II (200nM for 24 hours) failed to upregulate
LGALS3
/LGALS3 expression suggesting that the increased endothelial expression observed
in vivo
is due to chronic infusion of Ang II.
Conclusions:
We have successfully validated the Ang II-induced increase in LGALS3 identified via vascular tissue proteomics. Despite the use of homogenised whole aortic tissue, nano LC-MS/MS proved sensitive enough to detect elevated expression of a candidate protein that is predominantly expressed in the endothelium. Tissue proteomics can detect changes in expression specific to a single cell type.
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Fattah C, Nather K, McCarroll CS, Hortigon-Vinagre MP, Zamora V, Flores-Munoz M, McArthur L, Zentilin L, Giacca M, Touyz RM, Smith GL, Loughrey CM, Nicklin SA. Gene Therapy With Angiotensin-(1-9) Preserves Left Ventricular Systolic Function After Myocardial Infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 68:2652-2666. [PMID: 27978950 PMCID: PMC5158000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.09.946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Angiotensin-(1-9) [Ang-(1-9)] is a novel peptide of the counter-regulatory axis of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system previously demonstrated to have therapeutic potential in hypertensive cardiomyopathy when administered via osmotic mini-pump. Here, we investigate whether gene transfer of Ang-(1-9) is cardioprotective in a murine model of myocardial infarction (MI). Objectives The authors evaluated effects of Ang-(1-9) gene therapy on myocardial structural and functional remodeling post-infarction. Methods C57BL/6 mice underwent permanent left anterior descending coronary artery ligation and cardiac function was assessed using echocardiography for 8 weeks followed by a terminal measurement of left ventricular pressure volume loops. Ang-(1-9) was delivered by adeno-associated viral vector via single tail vein injection immediately following induction of MI. Direct effects of Ang-(1-9) on cardiomyocyte excitation/contraction coupling and cardiac contraction were evaluated in isolated mouse and human cardiomyocytes and in an ex vivo Langendorff-perfused whole-heart model. Results Gene delivery of Ang-(1-9) reduced sudden cardiac death post-MI. Pressure volume measurements revealed complete restoration of end-systolic pressure, ejection fraction, end-systolic volume, and the end-diastolic pressure volume relationship by Ang-(1-9) treatment. Stroke volume and cardiac output were significantly increased versus sham. Histological analysis revealed only mild effects on cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, but a significant increase in scar thickness. Direct assessment of Ang-(1-9) on isolated cardiomyocytes demonstrated a positive inotropic effect via increasing calcium transient amplitude and contractility. Ang-(1-9) increased contraction in the Langendorff model through a protein kinase A–dependent mechanism. Conclusions Our novel findings showed that Ang-(1-9) gene therapy preserved left ventricular systolic function post-MI, restoring cardiac function. Furthermore, Ang-(1-9) directly affected cardiomyocyte calcium handling through a protein kinase A–dependent mechanism. These data emphasized Ang-(1-9) gene therapy as a potential new strategy in the context of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Fattah
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Katrin Nather
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte S McCarroll
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Maria P Hortigon-Vinagre
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Victor Zamora
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Flores-Munoz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Lisa McArthur
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lorena Zentilin
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Giacca
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Godfrey L Smith
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher M Loughrey
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart A. Nicklin
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Andre E, Yaniz-Galende E, Hamilton C, Dusting GJ, Hellen N, Poulet CE, Diez Cunado M, Smits AM, Lowe V, Eckardt D, Du Pre B, Sanz Ruiz R, Moerkamp AT, Tribulova N, Smani T, Liskova YV, Greco S, Guzzolino E, Franco D, Lozano-Velasco E, Knorr M, Pavoine C, Bukowska A, Van Linthout S, Miteva K, Sulzgruber P, Latet SC, Portnychenko A, Cannavo A, Kamilova U, Sagach VF, Santin Y, Octavia Y, Haller PM, Octavia Y, Rubies C, Dei Zotti F, Wong KHK, Gonzalez Miqueo A, Kruithof BPT, Kadur Nagaraju C, Shaposhnikova Y, Songia P, Lindner D, Wilson C, Benzoni P, Fabbri A, Campostrini G, Jorge E, Casini S, Mengarelli I, Nikolov A, Bublikov DS, Kheloufi M, Rubies C, Walker RE, Van Dijk RA, Posthuma JJ, Dumitriu IE, Karshovska E, Sakic A, Alexandru N, Martin-Lorenzo M, Molica F, Taylor RF, Mcarthur L, Crocini C, Matsuyama TA, Mazzoni L, Lin WK, Owen TJ, Scigliano M, Sheehan A, Bezerra Gurgel AR, Bromage DI, Kiss A, Ikeda G, Pickard JMJ, Wirth G, Casos K, Khudiakov A, Nistal JF, Ferrantini C, Park SJ, Di Maggio S, Gentile F, Dini L, Buyandelger B, Larrasa-Alonso J, Schirmer I, Chin SH, Cimiotti D, Martini H, Hohensinner PJ, Garabito M, Zeni F, Licholai S, De Bortoli M, Sivitskaya L, Viczenczova C, Rainer PP, Smith LE, Suna G, Gambardella J, Cozma A, De Gonzalo Calvo D, Scoditti E, Clark BJ, Mansfield C, Eckardt D, Gomez L, Llucia-Valldeperas A, De Pauw A, Porporato P, Bouzin C, Draoui N, Sonveaux P, Balligand JL, Mougenot N, Formicola L, Nadaud S, Dierick F, Hajjar RJ, Marazzi G, Sassoon D, Hulot JS, Zamora VR, Burton FL, Macquaide N, Smith GL, Hernandez D, Sivakumaran P, Millard R, Wong RCB, Pebay A, Shepherd RK, Lim SY, Owen T, Jabbour RJ, Kloc M, Kodagoda T, Denning C, Harding SE, Ramos S, Terracciano C, Gorelik J, Wei K, Bushway P, Ruiz-Lozano P, Mercola M, Moerkamp AT, Vegh AMD, Dronkers E, Lodder K, Van Herwaarden T, Goumans MJ, Pellet-Many C, Zachary I, Noack K, Bosio A, Feyen DAM, Demkes EJ, Dierickx PJ, Doevendans PA, Vos MA, Van Veen AAB, Van Laake LW, Fernandez Santos ME, Suarez Sancho S, Fuentes Arroyo L, Plasencia Martin V, Velasco Sevillano P, Casado Plasencia A, Climent AM, Guillem M, Atienza Fernandez F, Fernandez-Aviles F, Dingenouts CKE, Lodder K, Kruithof BPT, Van Herwaarden T, Vegh AMD, Goumans MJ, Smits AM, Knezl V, Szeiffova Bacova B, Egan Benova T, Viczenczova C, Goncalvesova E, Slezak J, Calderon-Sanchez E, Diaz I, Ordonez A, Salikova SP, Zaccagnini G, Voellenkle C, Sadeghi I, Maimone B, Castelvecchio S, Gaetano C, Menicanti L, Martelli F, Hatcher C, D'aurizio R, Groth M, Baugmart M, Mercatanti A, Russo F, Mariani L, Magliaro C, Pitto L, Lozano-Velasco E, Jodar-Garcia A, Galiano-Torres J, Lopez-Navarrete I, Aranega A, Wagensteen R, Quesada A, Aranega A, Franco D, Finger S, Karbach S, Kossmann S, Muenzel T, Wenzel P, Keck M, Mougenot N, Favier S, Fuand A, Atassi F, Barbier C, Lompre AM, Hulot JS, Nikonova Y, Pluteanu F, Kockskaemper J, Chilukoti RK, Wolke C, Lendeckel U, Gardemann A, Goette A, Miteva K, Pappritz K, Mueller I, El-Shafeey M, Ringe J, Tschoepe C, Pappritz K, El-Shafeey M, Ringe J, Tschoepe C, Van Linthout S, Koller L, Richter B, Blum S, Koprak M, Huelsmann M, Pacher R, Goliasch G, Wojta J, Niessner A, Van Herck PL, Claeys MJ, Haine SE, Lenders GD, Miljoen HP, Segers VF, Vandendriescche TR, Hoymans VY, Vrints CJ, Lapikova-Bryhinska T, Gurianova V, Portnichenko H, Vasylenko M, Zapara Y, Portnichenko V, Liccardo D, Lymperopoulos A, Santangelo M, Leosco D, Koch WJ, Ferrara N, Rengo G, Alieva T, Rasulova Z, Masharipova D, Dorofeyeva NA, Drachuk KO, Sicard P, Yucel Y, Dutaur M, Vindis C, Parini A, Mialet-Perez J, Van Deel ED, De Boer M, De Waard MC, Duncker DJ, Nagel F, Inci M, Santer D, Hallstroem S, Podesser BK, Kararigas G, De Boer M, Kietadisorn R, Swinnen M, Duimel H, Verheyen F, Chrifi I, Brandt MM, Cheng C, Janssens S, Moens AL, Duncker DJ, Batlle M, Dantas AP, Sanz M, Sitges M, Mont L, Guasch E, Lobysheva I, Beauloye C, Balligand JL, Vanhoutte PM, Tang EHC, Beaumont J, Lopez B, Ravassa S, Hermida N, Valencia F, Gomez-Doblas JJ, San Jose G, De Teresa E, Diez J, Van De Merbel AF, Kruithof-De Julio M, Goumans MJ, Claus P, Dries E, Angelo Singh A, Vermeulen K, Roderick HL, Sipido KR, Driesen RB, Ilchenko I, Bobronnikova L, Myasoedova V, Alamanni F, Tremoli E, Poggio P, Becher PM, Gotzhein F, Klingel K, Blankenberg S, Westermann D, Zi M, Cartwright E, Campostrini G, Bonzanni M, Milanesi R, Bucchi A, Baruscotti M, Difrancesco D, Barbuti A, Fantini M, Wilders R, Severi S, Benzoni P, Dell' Era P, Serzanti M, Olesen MS, Muneretto C, Bisleri G, Difrancesco D, Baruscotti M, Bucchi A, Barbuti A, Amoros-Figueras G, Raga S, Campos B, Alonso-Martin C, Rodriguez-Font E, Vinolas X, Cinca J, Guerra JM, Mengarelli I, Schumacher CA, Veldkamp MW, Verkerk AO, Remme CA, Veerman C, Guan K, Stauske M, Tan H, Barc J, Wilde A, Verkerk A, Bezzina C, Tsinlikov I, Tsinlikova I, Nicoloff G, Blazhev A, Garev A, Andrienko AV, Lychev VG, Vorobova EN, Anchugina DA, Vion AC, Hammoutene A, Poisson J, Dupont N, Souyri M, Tedgui A, Codogno P, Boulanger CM, Rautou PE, Dantas AP, Batlle M, Guasch E, Torres M, Montserrat JM, Almendros I, Mont L, Austin CA, Holt CM, Rijs K, Wezel A, Hamming JF, Kolodgie FD, Virmani R, Schaapherder AF, Lindeman JHN, Posma JJN, Van Oerle R, Spronk HMH, Ten Cate H, Dinkla S, Kaski JC, Schober A, Chaabane C, Ambartsumian N, Grigorian M, Bochaton-Piallat ML, Dragan E, Andrei E, Niculescu L, Georgescu A, Gonzalez-Calero L, Maroto AS, Martinez PJ, Heredero A, Aldamiz-Echevarria G, Vivanco F, Alvarez-Llamas G, Meens MJ, Pelli G, Foglia B, Scemes E, Kwak BR, Caldwell JL, Eisner DA, Dibb KM, Trafford AW, Chilton L, Smith GL, Nicklin SA, Coppini R, Ferrantini C, Yan P, Loew LM, Poggesi C, Cerbai E, Pavone FS, Sacconi L, Tanaka H, Ishibashi-Ueda H, Takamatsu T, Coppini R, Ferrantini C, Gentile F, Pioner JM, Santini L, Sartiani L, Bargelli V, Poggesi C, Mugelli A, Cerbai E, Maciejewska M, Bolton EL, Wang Y, O'brien F, Ruas M, Lei M, Sitsapesan R, Galione A, Terrar DA, Smith JG, Garcia D, Barriales-Villa R, Monserrat L, Harding SE, Denning C, Marston SB, Watson S, Tkach S, Faggian G, Terracciano CM, Perbellini F, Eiros Zamora J, Papadaki M, Messer A, Marston S, Gould I, Johnston A, Dunne M, Smith G, Kemi OJ, Pillai M, Davidson SM, Yellon DM, Tratsiakovich Y, Jang J, Gonon AT, Pernow J, Matoba T, Koga J, Egashira K, Burke N, Davidson SM, Yellon DM, Korpisalo P, Hakkarainen H, Laidinen S, Yla-Herttuala S, Ferrer-Curriu G, Perez M, Permanyer E, Blasco-Lucas A, Gracia JM, Castro MA, Barquinero J, Galinanes M, Kostina D, Kostareva A, Malashicheva A, Merino D, Ruiz L, Gomez J, Juarez C, Gil A, Garcia R, Hurle MA, Coppini R, Pioner JM, Gentile F, Mazzoni L, Rossi A, Tesi C, Belardinelli L, Olivotto I, Cerbai E, Mugelli A, Poggesi C, Eun-Ji EJ, Lim BK, Choi DJ, Milano G, Bertolotti M, De Marchis F, Zollo F, Sommariva E, Capogrossi MC, Pompilio G, Bianchi ME, Raucci A, Pioner JM, Coppini R, Scellini B, Tardiff J, Tesi C, Poggesi C, Ferrantini C, Mazzoni L, Sartiani L, Coppini R, Diolaiuti L, Ferrari P, Cerbai E, Mugelli A, Mansfield C, Luther P, Knoell R, Villalba M, Sanchez-Cabo F, Lopez-Olaneta MM, Ortiz-Sanchez P, Garcia-Pavia P, Lara-Pezzi E, Klauke B, Gerdes D, Schulz U, Gummert J, Milting H, Wake E, Kocsis-Fodor G, Brack KE, Ng GA, Kostareva A, Smolina N, Majchrzak M, Moehner D, Wies A, Milting H, Stehle R, Pfitzer G, Muegge A, Jaquet K, Maggiorani D, Lefevre L, Dutaur M, Mialet-Perez J, Parini A, Cussac D, Douin-Echinard V, Ebenbauer B, Kaun C, Prager M, Wojta J, Rega-Kaun G, Costa G, Onetti Y, Jimenez-Altayo F, Vila E, Dantas AP, Milano G, Bertolotti M, Scopece A, Piacentini L, Bianchi ME, Capogrossi MC, Pompilio G, Colombo G, Raucci A, Blaz M, Kapelak B, Sanak M, Bauce B, Calore C, Lorenzon A, Calore M, Poloni G, Mazzotti E, Rigato I, Daliento L, Basso C, Thiene G, Melacini P, Corrado D, Rampazzo A, Danilenko NG, Vaikhanskaya TG, Davydenko OG, Szeiffova Bacova B, Kura B, Egan Benova T, Yin CH, Kukreja R, Slezak J, Tribulova N, Lee DI, Sorge M, Glabe C, Paolocci N, Guarnieri C, Tomaselli GF, Kass DA, Van Eyk JE, Agnetti G, Cordwell SJ, White MY, Wojakowski W, Lynch M, Barallobre-Barreiro J, Yin X, Mayr U, White S, Jahingiri M, Hill J, Mayr M, Sorriento D, Ciccarelli M, Fiordelisi A, Campiglia P, Trimarco B, Iaccarino G, Sitar Taut AV, Schiau S, Orasan O, Halloumi W, Negrean V, Zdrenghea D, Pop D, Van Der Meer RW, Rijzewijk LJ, Smit JWA, Revuelta-Lopez E, Nasarre L, Escola-Gil JC, Lamb HJ, Llorente-Cortes V, Pellegrino M, Massaro M, Carluccio MA, Calabriso N, Wabitsch M, Storelli C, De Caterina R, Church SJ, Callagy S, Begley P, Kureishy N, Mcharg S, Bishop PN, Unwin RD, Cooper GJS, Mawad D, Perbellini F, Tonkin J, Bello SO, Simonotto JD, Lyon AR, Stevens MM, Terracciano CM, Harding SE, Kernbach M, Czichowski V, Bosio A, Fuentes L, Hernandez-Redondo I, Guillem MS, Fernandez ME, Sanz R, Atienza F, Climent AM, Fernandez-Aviles F, Soler-Botija C, Prat-Vidal C, Galvez-Monton C, Roura S, Perea-Gil I, Bragos R, Bayes-Genis A. Poster session 1Cell growth, differentiation and stem cells - Heart72Understanding the metabolism of cardiac progenitor cells: a first step towards controlling their proliferation and differentiation?73Expression of pw1/peg3 identifies a new cardiac adult stem cell population involved in post-myocardial infarction remodeling74Long-term stimulation of iPS-derived cardiomyocytes using optogenetic techniques to promote phenotypic changes in E-C coupling75Benefits of electrical stimulation on differentiation and maturation of cardiomyocytes from human induced pluripotent stem cells76Constitutive beta-adrenoceptor-mediated cAMP production controls spontaneous automaticity of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes77Formation and stability of T-tubules in cardiomyocytes78Identification of miRNAs promoting human cardiomyocyte proliferation by regulating Hippo pathway79A direct comparison of foetal to adult epicardial cell activation reveals distinct differences relevant for the post-injury response80Role of neuropilins in zebrafish heart regeneration81Highly efficient immunomagnetic purification of cardiomyocytes derived from human pluripotent stem cells82Cardiac progenitor cells posses a molecular circadian clock and display large 24-hour oscillations in proliferation and stress tolerance83Influence of sirolimus and everolimus on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell biology84Endoglin is important for epicardial behaviour following cardiac injuryCell death and apoptosis - Heart87Ultrastructural alterations reflecting Ca2+ handling and cell-to-cell coupling disorders precede occurrence of severe arrhythmias in intact animal heart88Urocortin-1 promotes cardioprotection through ERK1/2 and EPAC pathways: role in apoptosis and necrosis89Expression p38 MAPK and Cas-3 in myocardium LV of rats with experimental heart failure at melatonin and enalapril introductionTranscriptional control and RNA species - Heart92Accumulation of beta-amyloid 1-40 in HF patients: the role of lncRNA BACE1-AS93Role of miR-182 in zebrafish and mouse models of Holt-Oram syndrome94Mir-27 distinctly regulates muscle-enriched transcription factors and growth factors in cardiac and skeletal muscle cells95AF risk factors impair PITX2 expression leading to Wnt-microRNA-ion channel remodelingCytokines and cellular inflammation - Heart98Post-infarct survival depends on the interplay of monocytes, neutrophils and interferon gamma in a mouse model of myocardial Infarction99Inflammatory cd11b/c cells play a protective role in compensated cardiac hypertrophy by promoting an orai3-related pro-survival signal100Anti-inflammatory effects of endothelin receptor blockade in the atrial tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats101Mesenchymal stromal cells reduce NLRP3 inflammasome activity in Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis102Mesenchymal stromal cells modulate monocytes trafficking in Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis103The impact of regulatory T lymphocytes on long-term mortality in patients with chronic heart failure104Temporal dynamics of dendritic cells after ST-elevation myocardial infarction relate with improvement of myocardial functionGrowth factors and neurohormones - Heart107Preconditioning of hypertrophied heart: miR-1 and IGF-1 crosstalk108Modulation of catecholamine secretion from human adrenal chromaffin cells by manipulation of G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 activity109Evaluation of cyclic adenosin-3,5- monophosphate and neurohormones in patients with chronic heart failureNitric oxide and reactive oxygen species - Heart112Hydrogen sulfide donor inhibits oxidative and nitrosative stress, cardiohemodynamics disturbances and restores cNOS coupling in old rats113Role and mechanisms of action of aldehydes produced by monoamine oxidase A in cardiomyocyte death and heart failure114Exercise training has contrasting effects in myocardial infarction and pressure-overload due to different endothelial nitric oxide synthase regulation115S-Nitroso Human Serum Albumin dose-dependently leads to vasodilation and alters reactive hyperaemia in coronary arteries of an isolated mouse heart model116Modulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase with folic acid attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy119Effects of long-term very high intensity exercise on aortic structure and function in an animal model120Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy quantification of nitrosylated hemoglobin (HbNO) as an index of vascular nitric oxide bioavailability in vivo121Deletion of repressor activator protein 1 impairs acetylcholine-induced relaxation due to production of reactive oxygen speciesExtracellular matrix and fibrosis - Heart124MicroRNA-19b is associated with myocardial collagen cross-linking in patients with severe aortic stenosis. Potential usefulness as a circulating biomarker125A new ex vivo model to study cardiac fibrosis126Heterogeneity of fibrosis and fibroblast differentiation in the left ventricle after myocardial infarction127Effect of carbohydrate metabolism degree compensation to the level of galectin-3 changes in hypertensive patients with chronic heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus128Statin paradox in association with calcification of bicuspid aortic valve interstitial cells129Cardiac function remains impaired despite reversible cardiac fibrosis after healed experimental viral myocarditisIon channels, ion exchangers and cellular electrophysiology - Heart132Identifying a novel role for PMCA1 (Atp2b1) in heart rhythm instability133Mutations of the caveolin-3 gene as a predisposing factor for cardiac arrhythmias134The human sinoatrial node action potential: time for a computational model135iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes as a model to dissect ion current alterations of genetic atrial fibrillation136Postextrasystolic potentiation in healthy and diseased hearts: effects of the site of origin and coupling interval of the preceding extrasystole137Absence of Nav1.8-based (late) sodium current in rabbit cardiomyocytes and human iPSC-CMs138hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes from Brugada Syndrome patients without identified mutations do not exhibit cellular electrophysiological abnormalitiesMicrocirculation141Atherogenic indices, collagen type IV turnover and the development of microvascular complications- study in diabetics with arterial hypertension142Changes in the microvasculature and blood viscosity in women with rheumatoid arthritis, hypercholesterolemia and hypertensionAtherosclerosis145Shear stress regulates endothelial autophagy: consequences on endothelial senescence and atherogenesis146Obstructive sleep apnea causes aortic remodeling in a chronic murine model147Aortic perivascular adipose tissue displays an aged phenotype in early and late atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice148A systematic evaluation of the cellular innate immune response during the process of human atherosclerosis149Inhibition of Coagulation factor Xa increases plaque stability and attenuates the onset and progression of atherosclerotic plaque in apolipoprotein e-deficient mice150Regulatory CD4+ T cells from patients with atherosclerosis display pro-inflammatory skewing and enhanced suppression function151Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha regulates macrophage energy metabolism by mediating miRNAs152Extracellular S100A4 is a key player of smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition: implications in atherosclerosis153Microparticles of healthy origins improve atherosclerosis-associated endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction via microRNA transfer154Arterial remodeling and metabolism impairment in early atherosclerosis155Role of pannexin1 in atherosclerotic plaque formationCalcium fluxes and excitation-contraction coupling158Amphiphysin II induces tubule formation in cardiac cells159Interleukin 1 beta regulation of connexin 43 in cardiac fibroblasts and the effects of adult cardiac myocyte:fibroblast co-culture on myocyte contraction160T-tubular electrical defects contribute to blunted beta-adrenergic response in heart failure161Beat-to-beat variability of intracellular Ca2+ dynamics of Purkinje cells in the infarct border zone of the mouse heart revealed by rapid-scanning confocal microscopy162The efficacy of late sodium current blockers in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is dependent on genotype: a study on transgenic mouse models with different mutations163Synthesis of cADPR and NAADP by intracellular CD38 in heart: role in inotropic and arrhythmogenic effects of beta-adrenoceptor signalingContractile apparatus166Towards an engineered heart tissue model of HCM using hiPSC expressing the ACTC E99K mutation167Diastolic mechanical load delays structural and functional deterioration of ultrathin adult heart slices in culture168Structural investigation of the cardiac troponin complex by molecular dynamics169Exercise training restores myocardial and oxidative skeletal muscle function from myocardial infarction heart failure ratsOxygen sensing, ischaemia and reperfusion172A novel antibody specific to full-length stromal derived factor-1 alpha reveals that remote conditioning induces its cleavage by endothelial dipeptidyl peptidase 4173Attenuation of myocardial and vascular arginase activity by vagal nerve stimulation via a mechanism involving alpha-7 nicotinic receptor during cardiac ischemia and reperfusion174Novel nanoparticle-mediated medicine for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury simultaneously targeting mitochondrial injury and myocardial inflammation175Acetylcholine plays a key role in myocardial ischaemic preconditioning via recruitment of intrinsic cardiac ganglia176The role of nitric oxide and VEGFR-2 signaling in post ischemic revascularization and muscle recovery in aged hypercholesterolemic mice177Efficacy of ischemic preconditioning to protect the human myocardium: the role of clinical conditions and treatmentsCardiomyopathies and fibrosis180Plakophilin-2 haploinsufficiency leads to impaired canonical Wnt signaling in ARVC patient181Improved technique for customized, easier, safer and more reliable transverse aortic arch banding and debanding in mice as a model of pressure overload hypertrophy182Late sodium current inhibitors for the treatment of inducible obstruction and diastolic dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a study on human myocardium183Angiotensin II receptor antagonist fimasartan has protective role of left ventricular fibrosis and remodeling in the rat ischemic heart184Role of High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) redox state on cardiac fibroblasts activities and heart function after myocardial infarction185Atrial remodeling in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: insights from mouse models carrying different mutations in cTnT186Electrophysiological abnormalities in ventricular cardiomyocytes from a Maine Coon cat with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: effects of ranolazine187ZBTB17 is a novel cardiomyopathy candidate gene and regulates autophagy in the heart188Inhibition of SRSF4 in cardiomyocytes induces left ventricular hypertrophy189Molecular characterization of a novel cardiomyopathy related desmin frame shift mutation190Autonomic characterisation of electro-mechanical remodeling in an in-vitro leporine model of heart failure191Modulation of Ca2+-regulatory function by three novel mutations in TNNI3 associated with severe infant restrictive cardiomyopathyAging194The aging impact on cardiac mesenchymal like stromal cells (S+P+)195Reversal of premature aging markers after bariatric surgery196Sex-associated differences in vascular remodeling during aging: role of renin-angiotensin system197Role of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) in age dependent left ventricle dysfunctionsGenetics and epigenetics200hsa-miR-21-5p as a key factor in aortic remodeling during aneurysm formation201Co-inheritance of mutations associated with arrhythmogenic and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in two Italian families202Lamin a/c hot spot codon 190: form various amino acid substitutions to clinical effects203Treatment with aspirin and atorvastatin attenuate cardiac injury induced by rat chest irradiation: Implication of myocardial miR-1, miR-21, connexin-43 and PKCGenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and glycomics206Differential phosphorylation of desmin at serines 27 and 31 drives the accumulation of preamyloid oligomers in heart failure207Potential role of kinase Akt2 in the reduced recovery of type 2 diabetic hearts subjected to ischemia / reperfusion injury208A proteomics comparison of extracellular matrix remodelling in porcine coronary arteries upon stent implantationMetabolism, diabetes mellitus and obesity211Targeting grk2 as therapeutic strategy for cancer associated to diabetes212Effects of salbutamol on large arterial stiffness in patients with metabolic syndrome213Circulating microRNA-1 and microRNA-133a: potential biomarkers of myocardial steatosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus214Anti-inflammatory nutrigenomic effects of hydroxytyrosol in human adipocytes - protective mechanisms of mediterranean diets in obesity-related inflammation215Alterations in the metal content of different cardiac regions within a rat model of diabetic cardiomyopathyTissue engineering218A novel conductive patch for application in cardiac tissue engineering219Establishment of a simplified and improved workflow from neonatal heart dissociation to cardiomyocyte purification and characterization220Effects of flexible substrate on cardiomyocytes cell culture221Mechanical stretching on cardiac adipose progenitors upregulates sarcomere-related genes. Cardiovasc Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Robertson S, Parker AL, Clarke C, Duffy MR, Alba R, Nicklin SA, Baker AH. Retargeting FX-binding-ablated HAdV-5 to vascular cells by inclusion of the RGD-4C peptide in hexon hypervariable region 7 and the HI loop. J Gen Virol 2016; 97:1911-1916. [PMID: 27189759 PMCID: PMC5156330 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have generated interest in the function of human adenovirus serotype 5 (HAdV-5) hexon: factor X (FX) binding and subsequent hepatocyte transduction and interaction with the immune system. Here, we retargeted adenovirus serotype 5 vectors, ablated for FX interaction, by replacing amino acids in hexon HVR7 with RGD-4C or inserting the peptide into the fibre HI loop. These genetic modifications in the capsid were compatible with virus assembly, and could efficiently retarget transduction of the vector via the αvβ3/5 integrin-mediated pathway, but did not alter immune recognition by pre-existing human neutralizing anti-HAdV-5 antibodies or by natural antibodies in mouse serum. Thus, FX-binding-ablated HAdV-5 can be retargeted but remain sensitive to immune-mediated attack. These findings further refine HAdV-5-based vectors for human gene therapy and inform future vector development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Robertson
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alan L Parker
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Carolyn Clarke
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Margaret R Duffy
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Raul Alba
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew H Baker
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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21
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McCallum JE, Mackenzie AE, Divorty N, Clarke C, Delles C, Milligan G, Nicklin SA. G-Protein-Coupled Receptor 35 Mediates Human Saphenous Vein Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration and Endothelial Cell Proliferation. J Vasc Res 2016; 52:383-95. [PMID: 27064272 PMCID: PMC4959467 DOI: 10.1159/000444754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and proliferation is central to neointima formation in vein graft failure following coronary artery bypass. However, there are currently no pharmacological interventions that prevent vein graft failure through intimal occlusion. It is hence a therapeutic target. Here, we investigated the contribution of GPR35 to human VSMC and endothelial cell (EC) migration, using a scratch-wound assay, and also the contribution to proliferation, using MTS and BrdU assays, in in vitro models using recently characterized human GPR35 ortholog-selective small-molecule agonists and antagonists. Real-time PCR studies showed GPR35 to be robustly expressed in human VSMCs and ECs. Stimulation of GPR35, with either the human-selective agonist pamoic acid or the reference agonist zaprinast, promoted VSMC migration in the scratch-wound assay. These effects were blocked by coincubation with either of the human GPR35-specific antagonists, CID-2745687 or ML-145. These GPR35-mediated effects were produced by inducing alterations in the actin cytoskeleton via the Rho A/Rho kinase signaling axis. Additionally, the agonist ligands stimulated a proliferative response in ECs. These studies highlight the potential that small molecules that stimulate or block GPR35 activity can modulate vascular proliferation and migration. These data propose GPR35 as a translational therapeutic target in vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E McCallum
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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22
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Duffy MR, Doszpoly A, Turner G, Nicklin SA, Baker AH. The relevance of coagulation factor X protection of adenoviruses in human sera. Gene Ther 2016; 23:592-6. [PMID: 27014840 PMCID: PMC4940928 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2016.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Intravenous delivery of adenoviruses is the optimal route for many gene therapy applications. Once in the blood, coagulation factor X (FX) binds to the adenovirus capsid and protects the virion from natural antibody and classical complement-mediated neutralisation in mice. However, to date, no studies have examined the relevance of this FX/viral immune protective mechanism in human samples. In this study, we assessed the effects of blocking FX on adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) activity in the presence of human serum. FX prevented human IgM binding directly to the virus. In individual human sera samples (n=25), approximately half of those screened inhibited adenovirus transduction only when the Ad5–FX interaction was blocked, demonstrating that FX protected the virus from neutralising components in a large proportion of human sera. In contrast, the remainder of sera tested had no inhibitory effects on Ad5 transduction and FX armament was not required for effective gene transfer. In human sera in which FX had a protective role, Ad5 induced lower levels of complement activation in the presence of FX. We therefore demonstrate for the first time the importance of Ad–FX protection in human samples and highlight subject variability and species-specific differences as key considerations for adenoviral gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Duffy
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Doszpoly
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - G Turner
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - S A Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - A H Baker
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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23
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Nicklin SA, Griesenbach U, Baker AH. Special focus issue on the annual meeting of the British Society for Gene and Cell Therapy. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 26:247-8. [PMID: 25989311 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2015.2500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Uta Griesenbach
- 2National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LR United Kingdom.,3The UK Cystic Fibrosis Gene Therapy Consortium, London, SW3 6LR United Kingdom
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24
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He W, McCarroll CS, Nather K, Elliott EBA, Nicklin SA, Loughrey CM. 1 The cathepsin-L inhibitor CAA0225 protects against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Heart 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308734.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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25
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McCarroll CS, He W, Foote KK, Nather K, Fattah C, Elliott EBA, Cochrane A, Bowman P, Bell M, Kubin T, Braun T, Nicklin SA, Cameron ER, Loughrey CM. 7 Runx1 deficiency protects against adverse cardiac remodelling following myocardial infarction. Heart 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308734.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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26
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Nather K, Flores-Muñoz M, Wills L, Touyz RM, Loughrey CM, Nicklin SA. Abstract P109: Angiotensin-(1-9) Reverses Cardiac Dysfunction in a Model of Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertensive Heart Disease by Acting as a Positive Inotrope. Hypertension 2015. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.66.suppl_1.p109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (AngII) is involved in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as hypertension and heart failure. The counter-regulatory axis of the renin angiotensin system is centred on ACE 2 generating angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] opposing the pathological actions of AngII in the heart. We recently showed that angiotensin-(1-9) [Ang-(1-9)] is part of this axis potentially acting
via
the angiotensin type 2 receptor to inhibit AngII-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy
in vitro
and cardiac remodelling in the SHRSP rat. Here, we assessed whether Ang-(1-9) can reverse chronic AngII-induced cardiac pathology.
C57BL/6J mice were infused with H
2
O (control) or 48μg/kg/hr AngII for 2 weeks to induce cardiac contractile dysfunction as measured by a reduction in fractional shortening (FS) [control 54.8±3.0%; AngII 35.3±1.9%; p<0.05]. Minipumps were replaced and mice received either H
2
O, AngII or AngII with Ang-(1-9) (48μg/kg/hr) for a further 2 weeks. Mice receiving Ang-(1-9) in addition to AngII showed a recovery in FS [control 50.5±2.2%; AngII 33.6±1.9%; AngII+Ang-(1-9) 44.0±3.5%; p<0.05]. However, Ang-(1-9) did not affect AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy [heart weight/tibia length (mg/mm): control 10.6±0.4; AngII 11.6±0.4; AngII+Ang-(1-9) 13.32±0.9], cardiomyocyte size [control 23.2±0.9μm; AngII 26.1±1.0μm; AngII+Ang-(1-9) 28.3±1.2μm] or myocardial fractions of collagen I [control 2.3±0.4%; AngII 6.5±0.9%; AngII+Ang-(1-9) 5.0±0.5%] and collagen III [control 2.0±0.3%; AngII 4.1±0.7%; AngII+Ang-(1-9) 3.0±1.3%]. To determine if Ang-(1-9) directly alters cardiac contractility, isolated rat hearts were Langendorff perfused at a constant heart rate (320 bpm) and intra-ventricular pressure was measured. Perfusion with 1μm Ang-(1-9) for 10min induced a significant and sustained increase in developed pressure [max. response: 105.8% normalised to control; p<0.05]. In contrast, perfusion with 1μm AngII only led to a small transient increase in developed pressure whereas Ang-(1-7) had no effect.
These results demonstrate for the first time that Ang-(1-9) reverses chronic AngII-induced cardiac dysfunction and acts directly as a positive inotrope suggesting therapeutic potential in various CVDs.
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27
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Nather K, Flores-Muñoz M, Touyz RM, Loughrey CM, Nicklin SA. Abstract MP02: Angiotensin II Mediates Microvascular Rarefaction
In Vivo
and Exacerbates Endothelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition
In Vitro. Hypertension 2015. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.66.suppl_1.mp02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis accompanies numerous cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as hypertension and myocardial infarction and increases myocardial stiffness leading to contractile dysfunction. Recently, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) has been shown to contribute to myocardial fibrosis. EndMT describes a process by which endothelial cells transform into mesenchymal cells such as fibroblasts and has been implicated in many fibrotic diseases. Angiotensin II (AngII) plays a key role in myocardial fibrosis and has been associated with the activation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and an increase in myocardial collagen deposition. Here, we assessed the role of AngII in capillary loss and EndMT
in vivo
and
in vitro
.
C57BL/6J mice were infused with H
2
O (control) or 24μg/kg/hr AngII for 4 weeks. Mice infused with AngII developed significant cardiac fibrosis characterised by the deposition of collagen I (2.5-fold
vs.
control; p<0.05) and III (1.9-fold
vs.
control; p<0.05). Capillary density was assessed by CD31 immunohistochemistry and revealed significant vascular rarefaction (control 2161±111
vs
. AngII 838±132 capillaries/mm
2
; p<0.05). To investigate whether AngII can induce EndMT
in vitro
, human coronary artery endothelial cells were stimulated with 10ng/mL TGFβ
1
alone or in combination with 1μM AngII for 10 days. AngII significantly enhanced TGFβ
1
-induced gene expression of α-smooth muscle actin (TGFβ
1
1.8-fold; TGFβ
1
±AngII 4.3-fold
vs
. control; p<0.05) and collagen I (TGFβ
1
9.2-fold; TGFβ
1
+AngII 30.2-fold
vs
. control; p<0.05). Concomitantly, AngII significantly increased α-smooth muscle actin protein expression (TGFβ
1
3.9-fold; TGFβ
1
+AngII 23.6-fold
vs
. control; p<0.05) and significantly decreased CD31 expression (TGFβ
1
0.9-fold; TGFβ
1
+AngII 0.7-fold
vs
. control; p<0.05), suggesting AngII acts in concert with TGFβ
1
to enhance conversion of endothelial cells to myofibroblasts. Further studies investigating the underlying mechanism, including the role of the Smad pathway, are ongoing.
These results demonstrate that AngII induces vascular rarefaction
in vivo
and potentiates TGFβ
1
-induced EndMT
in vitro.
Understanding the molecular basis for these observations may help to identify new therapeutic options in CVD.
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28
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Zoccarato A, Surdo NC, Aronsen JM, Fields LA, Mancuso L, Dodoni G, Stangherlin A, Livie C, Jiang H, Sin YY, Gesellchen F, Terrin A, Baillie GS, Nicklin SA, Graham D, Szabo-Fresnais N, Krall J, Vandeput F, Movsesian M, Furlan L, Corsetti V, Hamilton G, Lefkimmiatis K, Sjaastad I, Zaccolo M. Cardiac Hypertrophy Is Inhibited by a Local Pool of cAMP Regulated by Phosphodiesterase 2. Circ Res 2015; 117:707-19. [PMID: 26243800 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.305892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Chronic elevation of 3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels has been associated with cardiac remodeling and cardiac hypertrophy. However, enhancement of particular aspects of cAMP/protein kinase A signaling seems to be beneficial for the failing heart. cAMP is a pleiotropic second messenger with the ability to generate multiple functional outcomes in response to different extracellular stimuli with strict fidelity, a feature that relies on the spatial segregation of the cAMP pathway components in signaling microdomains. OBJECTIVE How individual cAMP microdomains affect cardiac pathophysiology remains largely to be established. The cAMP-degrading enzymes phosphodiesterases (PDEs) play a key role in shaping local changes in cAMP. Here we investigated the effect of specific inhibition of selected PDEs on cardiac myocyte hypertrophic growth. METHODS AND RESULTS Using pharmacological and genetic manipulation of PDE activity, we found that the rise in cAMP resulting from inhibition of PDE3 and PDE4 induces hypertrophy, whereas increasing cAMP levels via PDE2 inhibition is antihypertrophic. By real-time imaging of cAMP levels in intact myocytes and selective displacement of protein kinase A isoforms, we demonstrate that the antihypertrophic effect of PDE2 inhibition involves the generation of a local pool of cAMP and activation of a protein kinase A type II subset, leading to phosphorylation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells. CONCLUSIONS Different cAMP pools have opposing effects on cardiac myocyte cell size. PDE2 emerges as a novel key regulator of cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo, and its inhibition may have therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zoccarato
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Nicoletta C Surdo
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Jan M Aronsen
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Laura A Fields
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Luisa Mancuso
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Giuliano Dodoni
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Alessandra Stangherlin
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Craig Livie
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - He Jiang
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Yuan Yan Sin
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Frank Gesellchen
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Anna Terrin
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - George S Baillie
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Delyth Graham
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Nicolas Szabo-Fresnais
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Judith Krall
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Fabrice Vandeput
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Matthew Movsesian
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Leonardo Furlan
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Veronica Corsetti
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Graham Hamilton
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Konstantinos Lefkimmiatis
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.)
| | - Manuela Zaccolo
- From the Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.Z., L.A.F., A.S., C.L., H.J., F.G., A.T., G.H., M.Z.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (Y.Y.S., G.S.B., S.A.N., D.G.), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (N.C.S., K.L., M.Z.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A., I.S.); Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy (L.M., G.D., A.T., L.F., V.C.); Cardiology Section, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT (N.S.-F., J.K., F.V., M.M.); Bjorknes College, Oslo, Norway (J.M.A.); and BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford, UK (K.L., M.Z.).
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McKinney CA, Kennedy S, Baillie G, Milligan G, Nicklin SA. 178 Angiotensin-(1–9) inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migrationin vitroand neointimal formationin vivo. Heart 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308066.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Nather K, Nicklin SA, Loughrey CM, Touyz RM, Flores-Muñoz M, Wills L. 195 Angiotensin-(1-9) Reduces Cardiac Dysfunction in a Model of Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertensive Heart Disease. Heart 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308066.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Dakin RS, Parker AL, Delles C, Nicklin SA, Baker AH. Efficient transduction of primary vascular cells by the rare adenovirus serotype 49 vector. Hum Gene Ther 2015; 26:312-9. [PMID: 25760682 PMCID: PMC4442572 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2015.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Neointima formation and vascular remodeling through vascular smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation can limit the long-term success of coronary interventions, for example, in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Ex vivo gene therapy has the potential to reduce unnecessary cell proliferation and limit neointima formation in vascular pathologies. To date, the species C adenovirus serotype 5 has been commonly used for preclinical gene therapy; however, its suitability is potentially limited by relatively poor tropism for vascular cells and high levels of preexisting immunity in the population. To avoid these limitations, novel species of adenovirus are being tested; here we investigate the potential of adenovirus 49 (Ad49) for use in gene therapy. Transduction of primary human vascular cells by a range of adenovirus serotypes was assessed; Ad49 demonstrated highest transduction of both vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Gene transfer with Ad49 in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells was possible following short exposure times (<1 hr) and with low MOI, which is clinically relevant. Ex vivo delivery to surplus CABG tissue showed efficient gene transfer with Ad49, consistent with the in vitro findings. Luminal infusion of Ad49GFP into intact CABG samples ex vivo resulted in efficient vessel transduction. In addition, no seroprevalence rates to Ad49 were observed in a Scottish cohort of patients from cardiovascular clinics, thus circumventing issues with preexisting immunity. Our results show that Ad49 has tropism for vascular cells in vitro and ex vivo and demonstrate that Ad49 may be an improved vector for local vascular gene therapy compared with current alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S. Dakin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Alan L. Parker
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Delles
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A. Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew H. Baker
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
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Divorty N, Mackenzie AE, Nicklin SA, Milligan G. G protein-coupled receptor 35: an emerging target in inflammatory and cardiovascular disease. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:41. [PMID: 25805994 PMCID: PMC4354270 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) is an orphan receptor, discovered in 1998, that has garnered interest as a potential therapeutic target through its association with a range of diseases. However, a lack of pharmacological tools and the absence of convincingly defined endogenous ligands have hampered the understanding of function necessary to exploit it therapeutically. Although several endogenous molecules can activate GPR35 none has yet been confirmed as the key endogenous ligand due to reasons that include lack of biological specificity, non-physiologically relevant potency and species ortholog selectivity. Recent advances have identified several highly potent synthetic agonists and antagonists, as well as agonists with equivalent potency at rodent and human orthologs, which will be useful as tool compounds. Homology modeling and mutagenesis studies have provided insight into the mode of ligand binding and possible reasons for the species selectivity of some ligands. Advances have also been made in determining the role of the receptor in disease. In the past, genome-wide association studies have associated GPR35 with diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, and coronary artery disease. More recent functional studies have implicated it in processes as diverse as heart failure and hypoxia, inflammation, pain transduction and synaptic transmission. In this review, we summarize the progress made in understanding the molecular pharmacology, downstream signaling and physiological function of GPR35, and discuss its emerging potential applications as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Divorty
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK ; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK
| | - Amanda E Mackenzie
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK
| | - Graeme Milligan
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow UK
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Ma J, Duffy MR, Deng L, Dakin RS, Uil T, Custers J, Kelly SM, McVey JH, Nicklin SA, Baker AH. Manipulating adenovirus hexon hypervariable loops dictates immune neutralisation and coagulation factor X-dependent cell interaction in vitro and in vivo. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004673. [PMID: 25658827 PMCID: PMC4450073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses are common pathogens, mostly targeting ocular, gastrointestinal and respiratory cells, but in some cases infection disseminates, presenting in severe clinical outcomes. Upon dissemination and contact with blood, coagulation factor X (FX) interacts directly with the adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) hexon. FX can act as a bridge to bind heparan sulphate proteoglycans, leading to substantial Ad5 hepatocyte uptake. FX “coating” also protects the virus from host IgM and complement-mediated neutralisation. However, the contribution of FX in determining Ad liver transduction whilst simultaneously shielding the virus from immune attack remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that the FX protection mechanism is not conserved amongst Ad types, and identify the hexon hypervariable regions (HVR) of Ad5 as the capsid proteins targeted by this host defense pathway. Using genetic and pharmacological approaches, we manipulate Ad5 HVR interactions to interrogate the interplay between viral cell transduction and immune neutralisation. We show that FX and inhibitory serum components can co-compete and virus neutralisation is influenced by both the location and extent of modifications to the Ad5 HVRs. We engineered Ad5-derived HVRs into the rare, native non FX-binding Ad26 to create Ad26.HVR5C. This enabled the virus to interact with FX at high affinity, as quantified by surface plasmon resonance, FX-mediated cell binding and transduction assays. Concomitantly, Ad26.HVR5C was also sensitised to immune attack in the absence of FX, a direct consequence of the engineered HVRs from Ad5. In both immune competent and deficient animals, Ad26.HVR5C hepatic gene transfer was mediated by FX following intravenous delivery. This study gives mechanistic insight into the pivotal role of the Ad5 HVRs in conferring sensitivity to virus neutralisation by IgM and classical complement-mediated attack. Furthermore, through this gain-of-function approach we demonstrate the dual functionality of FX in protecting Ad26.HVR5C against innate immune factors whilst determining liver targeting. Adenoviruses are mostly considered self-limiting pathogens associated with respiratory, gastrointestinal and ocular infections; however, in immunocompromised subjects disseminated Ad infection can occur with life-threatening consequences. Many human Ads are capable of binding to coagulation factor X (FX). Following intravenous administration in animal models, FX binds directly to the major Ad capsid protein, the hexon, which subsequently results in virus accumulation in the liver. FX coating Ad5 also acts to shield against immune neutralisation via natural IgM antibodies and the classical complement system. Here we show that FX protection is not a conserved mechanism amongst Ads and identify the Ad5 hexon hypervariable regions (HVR) as the capsid proteins targeted by this host defense pathway. Furthermore, we show that genetic inclusion of Ad5 HVRs onto a native non-FX binder Ad26 to be sufficient to confer sensitivity to immune attack in vitro and in vivo. Using intravenous administration, we determine the significance of FX binding to the Ad5-derived HVRs with respect to defending the virus from neutralisation whilst mediating virus tropism. Our study gives new insight into the role of the viral HVRs and of FX at the interface between virus and host defense mechanisms.
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MESH Headings
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/immunology
- Adenovirus Infections, Human/prevention & control
- Adenoviruses, Human/genetics
- Adenoviruses, Human/immunology
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antigens, Viral/genetics
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Capsid Proteins/genetics
- Capsid Proteins/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Factor X/immunology
- Genetic Variation/genetics
- Genetic Vectors/genetics
- HEK293 Cells
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin M/blood
- Immunoglobulin M/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Surface Plasmon Resonance
- Transduction, Genetic
- Virus Attachment
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Ma
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret R. Duffy
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lin Deng
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel S. Dakin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Taco Uil
- Crucell Holland BV, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sharon M. Kelly
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - John H. McVey
- University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A. Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew H. Baker
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Lopez-Gordo E, Denby L, Nicklin SA, Baker AH. The importance of coagulation factors binding to adenovirus: historical perspectives and implications for gene delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:1795-813. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.938637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Estrella Lopez-Gordo
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Laura Denby
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Stuart A Nicklin
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Andrew H Baker
- University of Glasgow, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK ;
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Dakin RS, Parker A, Ma J, Custers J, Nicklin SA, Baker AH. P238Efficient gene transfer to human vascular cells in vitro and ex vivo using adenovirus serotype 49. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu082.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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MacKenzie AE, Caltabiano G, Kent TC, Jenkins L, McCallum JE, Hudson BD, Nicklin SA, Fawcett L, Markwick R, Charlton SJ, Milligan G. The antiallergic mast cell stabilizers lodoxamide and bufrolin as the first high and equipotent agonists of human and rat GPR35. Mol Pharmacol 2013; 85:91-104. [PMID: 24113750 DOI: 10.1124/mol.113.089482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of high potency agonists has restricted analysis of the G protein-coupled receptor GPR35. Moreover, marked variation in potency and/or affinity of current ligands between human and rodent orthologs of GPR35 has limited their productive use in rodent models of physiology. Based on the reported modest potency of the antiasthma and antiallergic ligands cromolyn disodium and nedocromil sodium, we identified the related compounds lodoxamide and bufrolin as high potency agonists of human GPR35. Unlike previously identified high potency agonists that are highly selective for human GPR35, both lodoxamide and bufrolin displayed equivalent potency at rat GPR35. Further synthetic antiallergic ligands, either sharing features of the standard surrogate agonist zaprinast, or with lodoxamide and bufrolin, were also shown to display agonism at either human or rat GPR35. Because both lodoxamide and bufrolin are symmetric di-acids, their potential mode of binding was explored via mutagenesis based on swapping between the rat and human ortholog nonconserved arginine residues within proximity of a key conserved arginine at position 3.36. Computational modeling and ligand docking predicted the contributions of different arginine residues, other than at 3.36, in human GPR35 for these two ligands and were consistent with selective loss of potency of either bufrolin or lodoxamide at distinct arginine mutants. The computational models also suggested that bufrolin and lodoxamide would display reduced potency at a low-frequency human GPR35 single nucleotide polymorphism. This prediction was confirmed experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E MacKenzie
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology (A.E.M., G.C., L.J., J.E.M., B.D.H., G.M.) and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, (J.E.M., S.A.N.), College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom; Laboratory of Computational Medicine, Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain (G.C.); and Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Horsham, United Kingdom (T.C.K., L.F., R.M., S.J.C.)
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Clarke C, Flores-Muñoz M, McKinney CA, Milligan G, Nicklin SA. Regulation of cardiovascular remodeling by the counter-regulatory axis of the renin-angiotensin system. Future Cardiol 2013; 9:23-38. [PMID: 23259473 DOI: 10.2217/fca.12.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The counter-regulatory axis of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a novel therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease. Pathophysiological effects mediated via angiotensin II (Ang II) are well established in regulation of blood pressure, cardiac and vascular remodeling, and renal sodium handling, which lead to disorders such as hypertension and associated end-organ damage, atherosclerosis and heart failure. The counter-regulatory axis of the RAS is centered on the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/angiotensin-1-7 (Ang-[1-7])/Mas receptor axis and has been shown to inhibit many detrimental phenotypes in cardiovascular disease. More recently, an alternative peptide, angiotensin-(1-9) (Ang-[1-9]), has been reported as a potential new member of this axis. This review will discuss the cardiovascular regulatory roles of Ang-(1-7) and Ang-(1-9) in the counter-regulatory axis of the RAS, and the potential for new therapeutic approaches in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Clarke
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, 126 University Place, University of Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
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Flores-Muñoz M, Godinho BMDC, Almalik A, Nicklin SA. Adenoviral delivery of angiotensin-(1-7) or angiotensin-(1-9) inhibits cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via the mas or angiotensin type 2 receptor. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45564. [PMID: 23029101 PMCID: PMC3447802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The counter-regulatory axis of the renin angiotensin system peptide angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] has been identified as a potential therapeutic target in cardiac remodelling, acting via the mas receptor. Furthermore, we recently reported that an alternative peptide, Ang-(1-9) also counteracts cardiac remodelling via the angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R). Here, we have engineered adenoviral vectors expressing fusion proteins which release Ang-(1-7) [RAdAng-(1-7)] or Ang-(1-9) [RAdAng-(1-9)] and compared their effects on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes or primary adult rabbit cardiomyocytes, stimulated with angiotensin II, isoproterenol or arg-vasopressin. RAdAng-(1-7) and RAdAng-(1-9) efficiently transduced cardiomyocytes, expressed fusion proteins and secreted peptides, as demonstrated by western immunoblotting and conditioned media assays. Furthermore, secreted Ang-(1-7) and Ang-(1-9) inhibited cardiomyocyte hypertrophy (Control = 168.7±8.4 µm; AngII = 232.1±10.7 µm; AngII+RAdAng-(1-7) = 186±9.1 µm, RAdAng-(1-9) = 180.5±9 µm; P<0.05) and these effects were selectively reversed by inhibitors of their cognate receptors, the mas antagonist A779 for RAdAng-(1-7) and the AT2R antagonist PD123,319 for RAdAng-(1-9). Thus gene transfer of Ang-(1-7) and Ang-(1-9) produces receptor-specific effects equivalent to those observed with addition of exogenous peptides. These data highlight that Ang-(1-7) and Ang-(1-9) can be expressed via gene transfer and inhibit cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via their respective receptors. This supports applications for this approach for sustained peptide delivery to study molecular effects and potential gene therapeutic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Flores-Muñoz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno M. D. C. Godinho
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulaziz Almalik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A. Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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39
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Jenkins L, Harries N, Lappin JE, MacKenzie AE, Neetoo-Isseljee Z, Southern C, McIver EG, Nicklin SA, Taylor DL, Milligan G. Antagonists of GPR35 display high species ortholog selectivity and varying modes of action. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2012; 343:683-95. [PMID: 22967846 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.112.198945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Variation in pharmacology and function of ligands at species orthologs can be a confounding feature in understanding the biology and role of poorly characterized receptors. Substantial selectivity in potency of a number of GPR35 agonists has previously been demonstrated between human and rat orthologs of this G protein-coupled receptor. Via a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer-based assay of induced interactions between GPR35 and β-arrestin-2, addition of the mouse ortholog to such studies indicated that, as for the rat ortholog, murine GPR35 displayed very low potency for pamoate, whereas potency for the reference GPR35 agonist zaprinast was intermediate between the rat and human orthologs. This pattern was replicated in receptor internalization and G protein activation assays. The effectiveness and mode of action of two recently reported GPR35 antagonists, methyl-5-[(tert-butylcarbamothioylhydrazinylidene)methyl]-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyrazole-4-carboxylate (CID-2745687) and 2-hydroxy-4-[4-(5Z)-5-[(E)-2-methyl-3-phenylprop-2-enylidene]-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]butanoylamino)benzoic acid (ML-145), were investigated. Both CID-2745687 and ML-145 competitively inhibited the effects at human GPR35 of cromolyn disodium and zaprinast, two agonists that share an overlapping binding site. By contrast, although ML-145 also competitively antagonized the effects of pamoate, CID-2745687 acted in a noncompetitive fashion. Neither ML-145 nor CID-2745687 was able to effectively antagonize the agonist effects of either zaprinast or cromolyn disodium at either rodent ortholog of GPR35. These studies demonstrate that marked species selectivity of ligands at GPR35 is not restricted to agonists and considerable care is required to select appropriate ligands to explore the function of GPR35 in nonhuman cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jenkins
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Flores M, Graham D, Dominiczak AF, Milligan G, Baker AH, Nicklin SA. Abstract 231: Angiotensin-(1-9) Antagonises Cardiac Remodelling in a Mouse Model of Angiotensin Ii-induced Hypertension. Hypertension 2012. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.60.suppl_1.a231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The identification of angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), generating angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] which signals via the Mas receptor to inhibit pathophysiological effects in cardiovascular disease has led to the definition of a counter-regulatory axis of the renin angiotensin system (RAS). Recently, we showed that another angiotensin peptide, Ang-(1-9), may also be part of this counter-regulatory axis as it prevents cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via the angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R). Furthermore, infusion of Ang-(1-9) via osmotic minipumps into stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats reduced cardiac fibrosis via the AT2R. Here, we investigated Ang-(1-9) in an acute model of AngII-induced hypertension in C57BL/6J mice. Ang-(1-9), Ang-(1-9)+PD123,319 (AT2R antagonist), or water (control) were co-infused with AngII for 2 weeks via osmotic minipumps. Blood pressure was monitored via radiotelemetry. Significant increases in mean arterial pressure were observed in AngII infused mice compared to control (control 108.8±5.7 mmHg; AngII 125.1± 8.4 mmHg; p>0.05) however co-infusion of Ang-(1-9) or Ang-(1-9) and PD123,319 did not affect AngII-induced hypertension (AngII+ Ang-(1-9) 122.4±10.3 mmHg; AngII+Ang-(1-9)+PD123,319 118.3±mmHg; n=6 mice). When assessing cardiac hypertrophy by heart weight/tibia length ratio Ang-(1-9) reduced AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy (ratio heart weight/tibia length: control 9.4 ± 1.2; AngII 11.9 ± 0.6; AngII+Ang-(1-9) 8.2 ± 0.7; p<0.01). Sections of heart were stained with wheat germ agglutinin and cardiomyocyte size measured supporting an anti-hypertrophic effect of Ang-(1-9) via the AT2R (control 25.7±3.8 μm; AngII 28.8±3.8 μm; AngII+Ang-(1-9) 24.6±4.8 μm; AngII+Ang-(1-9)+PD123,319 27.7±3.2μm; p<0.05). Furthermore, quantification of fibrosis following staining with picrosirius red also showed a significant reduction in animals co-infused with Ang-(1-9) and AngII compared to AngII-infusion (p<0.05). Further studies are ongoing to analyse cardiac effects of Ang-(1-9) at gene and protein level. These data support a direct biological role for Ang-(1-9) in cardiac remodeling and highlights Ang-(1-9) as a potential new therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease.
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Robertson KE, McDonald RA, Oldroyd KG, Nicklin SA, Baker AH. Prevention of coronary in-stent restenosis and vein graft failure: does vascular gene therapy have a role? Pharmacol Ther 2012; 136:23-34. [PMID: 22796519 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), including stent insertion, are established therapies in both acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and symptomatic chronic coronary artery disease refractory to pharmacological therapy. These continually advancing treatments remain limited by failure of conduit grafts in CABG and by restenosis or thrombosis of stented vessel segments in PCI caused by neointimal hyperplasia, impaired endothelialisation and accelerated atherosclerosis. While pharmacological and technological advancements have improved patient outcomes following both procedures, when grafts or stents fail these result in significant health burdens. In this review we discuss the pathophysiology of vein graft disease and in-stent restenosis, gene therapy vector development and design, and translation from pre-clinical animal models through human clinical trials. We identify the key issues that are currently preventing vascular gene therapy from interfacing with clinical use and introduce the areas of research attempting to overcome these.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith E Robertson
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Bradshaw AC, Coughlan L, Miller AM, Alba R, van Rooijen N, Nicklin SA, Baker AH. Biodistribution and inflammatory profiles of novel penton and hexon double-mutant serotype 5 adenoviruses. J Control Release 2012; 164:394-402. [PMID: 22626939 PMCID: PMC3520007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The use of adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) vectors in the clinical setting is severely hampered by the profound liver tropism observed after intravascular delivery coupled with the pronounced inflammatory and innate immune response elicited by these vectors. Liver transduction by circulating Ad5 virions is mediated by a high-affinity interaction between the capsid hexon protein and blood coagulation factor X (FX), whilst penton–αvintegrin interactions are thought to contribute to the induction of anti-Ad5 inflammatory and innate immune responses. To overcome these limitations, we sought to develop and characterise for the first time novel Ad5 vectors possessing mutations ablating both hexon:FX and penton:integrin interactions. As expected, intravascular administration of the FX binding-ablated Ad5HVR5*HVR7*E451Q vector (AdT*) resulted in significantly reduced liver transduction in vivo compared to Ad5. In macrophage-depleted mice, increased spleen uptake of AdT* was accompanied by an elevation in the levels of several inflammatory mediators. However ablation of the penton RGD motif in the AdT* vector background (AdT*RGE) resulted in a significant 5-fold reduction in spleen uptake and attenuated the antiviral inflammatory response. A reduction in spleen uptake and inflammatory activation was also observed in animals after intravascular administration of Ad5RGE compared to the parental Ad5 vector, with reduced co-localisation of the viral beta-galactosidase transgene with MAdCAM-1 + sinus-lining endothelial cells. Our detailed assessment of these novel adenoviruses indicates that penton base RGE mutation in combination with FX binding-ablation may be a viable strategy to attenuate the undesired liver uptake and pro-inflammatory responses to Ad5 vectors after intravascular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Bradshaw
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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Flores-Munoz M, Work LM, Douglas K, Denby L, Dominiczak AF, Graham D, Nicklin SA. Angiotensin-(1-9) Attenuates Cardiac Fibrosis in the Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat via the Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor. Hypertension 2012; 59:300-7. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.177485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system regulates cardiovascular physiology via angiotensin II engaging the angiotensin type 1 or type 2 receptors. Classic actions are type 1 receptor mediated, whereas the type 2 receptor may counteract type 1 receptor activity. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 metabolizes angiotensin II to angiotensin-(1-7) and angiotensin I to angiotensin-(1-9). Angiotensin-(1-7) antagonizes angiotensin II actions via the receptor Mas. Angiotensin-(1-9) was shown recently to block cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via the angiotensin type 2 receptor. Here, we investigated in vivo effects of angiotensin-(1-9) via the angiotensin type 2 receptor. Angiotensin-(1-9) (100 ng/kg per minute) with or without the angiotensin type 2 receptor antagonist PD123 319 (100 ng/kg per minute) or PD123 319 alone was infused via osmotic minipump for 4 weeks into stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. We measured blood pressure by radiotelemetry and cardiac structure and function by echocardiography. Angiotensin-(1-9) did not affect blood pressure or left ventricular mass index but reduced cardiac fibrosis by 50% (
P
<0.01) through modulating collagen I expression, reversed by PD123 319 coinfusion. In addition, angiotensin-(1-9) inhibited fibroblast proliferation in vitro in a PD123 319-sensitive manner. Aortic myography revealed that angiotensin-(1-9) significantly increased contraction to phenylephrine compared with controls after
N
-nitro-
l
-arginine methyl ester treatment, an effect abolished by PD123 319 coinfusion (area under the curve: angiotensin-(1-9)
N
-nitro-
l
-arginine methyl ester=98.9±11.8%; control+
N
-nitro-
l
-arginine methyl ester=74.0±10.4%;
P
<0.01), suggesting that angiotensin-(1-9) improved basal NO bioavailability in an angiotensin type 2 receptor–sensitive manner. In summary, angiotensin-(1-9) reduced cardiac fibrosis and altered aortic contraction via the angiotensin type 2 receptor supporting a direct role for angiotensin-(1-9) in the renin-angiotensin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Flores-Munoz
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lorraine M. Work
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsten Douglas
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Denby
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Anna F. Dominiczak
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Delyth Graham
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A. Nicklin
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Adenoviruses have many attributes, which have made them one of the most widely investigated vectors for gene therapy applications. These include ease of genetic manipulation to produce replication-deficient vectors, ability to readily generate high titer stocks, efficiency of gene delivery into many cell types, and ability to encode large genetic inserts. Recent advances in adenoviral vector engineering have included the ability to genetically manipulate the tropism of the vector by engineering of the major capsid proteins, particularly fiber and hexon. Furthermore, simple replication-deficient adenoviral vectors deleted for expression of a single gene have been complemented by the development of systems in which the majority of adenoviral genes are deleted, generating sophisticated Ad vectors which can mediate sustained transgene expression following a single delivery. This chapter outlines methods for developing simple transgene over expressing Ad vectors and detailed strategies to engineer mutations into the major capsid proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Alba
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Flores-Muñoz M, Smith NJ, Haggerty C, Milligan G, Nicklin SA. Angiotensin1-9 antagonises pro-hypertrophic signalling in cardiomyocytes via the angiotensin type 2 receptor. J Physiol 2010; 589:939-51. [PMID: 21173078 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.203075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) regulates blood pressure mainly via the actions of angiotensin (Ang)II, generated via angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). The ACE homologue ACE2 metabolises AngII to Ang1-7, decreasing AngII and increasing Ang1-7, which counteracts AngII activity via the Mas receptor. However, ACE2 also converts AngI to Ang1-9, a poorly characterised peptide which can be further converted to Ang1-7 via ACE. Ang1-9 stimulates bradykinin release in endothelium and has antihypertrophic actions in the heart, attributed to its being a competitive inhibitor of ACE, leading to decreased AngII, rather than increased Ang1-7. To date no direct receptor-mediated effects of Ang1-9 have been described. To further understand the role of Ang1-9 in RAS function we assessed its action in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in rat neonatal H9c2 and primary adult rabbit left ventricular cardiomyocytes, compared to Ang1-7. Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was stimulated with AngII or vasopressin, significantly increasing cell size by approximately 1.2-fold (P < 0.05) as well as stimulating expression of the hypertrophy gene markers atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide, β-myosin heavy chain and myosin light chain (2- to 5-fold, P < 0.05). Both Ang1-9 and Ang1-7 were able to block hypertrophy induced by either agonist (control, 186.4 μm; AngII, 232.8 μm; AngII+Ang1-7, 198.3 μm; AngII+Ang1-9, 195.9 μm; P < 0.05). The effects of Ang1-9 were not inhibited by captopril, supporting previous evidence that Ang1-9 acts independently of Ang1-7. Next, we investigated receptor signalling via angiotensin type 1 and type 2 receptors (AT1R, AT2R) and Mas. The AT1R antagonist losartan blocked AngII-induced, but not vasopressin-induced, hypertrophy. Losartan did not block the antihypertrophic effects of Ang1-9, or Ang1-7 on vasopressin-stimulated cardiomyocytes. The Mas antagonist A779 efficiently blocked the antihypertrophic effects of Ang1-7, without affecting Ang1-9. Furthermore, Ang1-7 activity was also inhibited in the presence of the bradykinin type 2 receptor antagonist HOE140, without affecting Ang1-9. Moreover, we observed that the AT2R antagonist PD123,319 abolished the antihypertrophic effects of Ang1-9, without affecting Ang1-7, suggesting Ang1-9 signals via the AT2R. Radioligand binding assays demonstrated that Ang1-9 was able to bind the AT2R (pKi = 6.28 ± 0.1). In summary, we ascribe a direct biological role for Ang1-9 acting via the AT2R. This has implications for RAS function and identifying new therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Flores-Muñoz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF GCRC, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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Padmanabhan S, Melander O, Johnson T, Di Blasio AM, Lee WK, Gentilini D, Hastie CE, Menni C, Monti MC, Delles C, Laing S, Corso B, Navis G, Kwakernaak AJ, van der Harst P, Bochud M, Maillard M, Burnier M, Hedner T, Kjeldsen S, Wahlstrand B, Sjögren M, Fava C, Montagnana M, Danese E, Torffvit O, Hedblad B, Snieder H, Connell JMC, Brown M, Samani NJ, Farrall M, Cesana G, Mancia G, Signorini S, Grassi G, Eyheramendy S, Wichmann HE, Laan M, Strachan DP, Sever P, Shields DC, Stanton A, Vollenweider P, Teumer A, Völzke H, Rettig R, Newton-Cheh C, Arora P, Zhang F, Soranzo N, Spector TD, Lucas G, Kathiresan S, Siscovick DS, Luan J, Loos RJF, Wareham NJ, Penninx BW, Nolte IM, McBride M, Miller WH, Nicklin SA, Baker AH, Graham D, McDonald RA, Pell JP, Sattar N, Welsh P, Munroe P, Caulfield MJ, Zanchetti A, Dominiczak AF. Genome-wide association study of blood pressure extremes identifies variant near UMOD associated with hypertension. PLoS Genet 2010; 6:e1001177. [PMID: 21082022 PMCID: PMC2965757 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a heritable and major contributor to the global burden of disease. The sum of rare and common genetic variants robustly identified so far explain only 1%–2% of the population variation in BP and hypertension. This suggests the existence of more undiscovered common variants. We conducted a genome-wide association study in 1,621 hypertensive cases and 1,699 controls and follow-up validation analyses in 19,845 cases and 16,541 controls using an extreme case-control design. We identified a locus on chromosome 16 in the 5′ region of Uromodulin (UMOD; rs13333226, combined P value of 3.6×10−11). The minor G allele is associated with a lower risk of hypertension (OR [95%CI]: 0.87 [0.84–0.91]), reduced urinary uromodulin excretion, better renal function; and each copy of the G allele is associated with a 7.7% reduction in risk of CVD events after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and smoking status (H.R. = 0.923, 95% CI 0.860–0.991; p = 0.027). In a subset of 13,446 individuals with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measurements, we show that rs13333226 is independently associated with hypertension (unadjusted for eGFR: 0.89 [0.83–0.96], p = 0.004; after eGFR adjustment: 0.89 [0.83–0.96], p = 0.003). In clinical functional studies, we also consistently show the minor G allele is associated with lower urinary uromodulin excretion. The exclusive expression of uromodulin in the thick portion of the ascending limb of Henle suggests a putative role of this variant in hypertension through an effect on sodium homeostasis. The newly discovered UMOD locus for hypertension has the potential to give new insights into the role of uromodulin in BP regulation and to identify novel drugable targets for reducing cardiovascular risk. Hypertension is the leading contributor to global mortality with a global prevalence of 26.4% in 2000, projected to increase to 29.2% by 2025. While 50%–60% of population variation in blood pressure can be attributable to additive genetic factors, all the genetic variants robustly identified so far explain only 1%–2% of the population variance indicating the presence of additional undiscovered risk variants. Using an extreme case-control strategy, we have discovered a SNP in the promoter region of the uromodulin gene (UMOD) to be associated with hypertension (minor allele protective against hypertension). We then validated this association using large-scale population and case-control studies, where similar extreme criteria for selection of cases and controls have been used (21,466 cases and 18,240 controls). As the locus was related to uromodulin, a protein exclusively expressed in the kidneys, we show that the association is independent of renal dysfunction. We also show preliminary evidence that the SNP allele which is protective against hypertension is also protective against cardiovascular events in 26,654 Swedish subjects followed-up for 12 years. The newly discovered UMOD locus for hypertension has the potential to give unique insights into the role of uromodulin in BP regulation and to identify novel drugable targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandosh Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Toby Johnson
- Clinical Pharmacology and Barts and the London Genome Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Wai K. Lee
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Claire E. Hastie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Menni
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Università Milano-Bicocca, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Prevenzione, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Monti
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Health Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Christian Delles
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stewart Laing
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Corso
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Health Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gerjan Navis
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan J. Kwakernaak
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Murielle Bochud
- University Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marc Maillard
- Service of Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Burnier
- Service of Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Hedner
- Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sverre Kjeldsen
- Department of Cardiology, University of Oslo, Ullevaal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Björn Wahlstrand
- Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marketa Sjögren
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cristiano Fava
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine C, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Martina Montagnana
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Section of Clinical Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Danese
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Section of Clinical Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ole Torffvit
- Department of Nephrology, Institution of Clinical Sciences, University Hospital of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bo Hedblad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Harold Snieder
- Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - John M. C. Connell
- College of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, Ninewells Hospital, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Morris Brown
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nilesh J. Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Farrall
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Giancarlo Cesana
- Università Milano-Bicocca, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Prevenzione, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mancia
- Università Milano-Bicocca, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Prevenzione, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Guido Grassi
- Università Milano-Bicocca, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Prevenzione, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Milano, Italy
| | - Susana Eyheramendy
- Department of Statistics, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - H. Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Maris Laan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - David P. Strachan
- Division of Community Health Sciences, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Sever
- International Centre for Circulatory Health National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Denis Colm Shields
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alice Stanton
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rainer Rettig
- Institute of Physiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christopher Newton-Cheh
- Center for Human Genetic Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Pankaj Arora
- Center for Human Genetic Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin Lucas
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Group, Institut Municipal d'Investigacio Medica, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Center for Human Genetic Research and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David S. Siscovick
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth J. F. Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Brenda W. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry/EMGO Institute, Neuroscience Campus, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ilja M. Nolte
- Unit of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin McBride
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - William H. Miller
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A. Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew H. Baker
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Delyth Graham
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Robert A. McDonald
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jill P. Pell
- Public Health and Health Policy Section, University of Glasgow, Glasgo, United Kingdom
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Welsh
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Patricia Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology and Barts and the London Genome Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J. Caulfield
- Clinical Pharmacology and Barts and the London Genome Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Zanchetti
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Anna F. Dominiczak
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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47
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Bradshaw AC, Parker AL, Duffy MR, Coughlan L, van Rooijen N, Kähäri VM, Nicklin SA, Baker AH. Requirements for receptor engagement during infection by adenovirus complexed with blood coagulation factor X. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6:e1001142. [PMID: 20949078 PMCID: PMC2951380 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses from multiple species bind to coagulation factor X (FX), yet the importance of this interaction in adenovirus dissemination is unknown. Upon contact with blood, vectors based on adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) binds to FX via the hexon protein with nanomolar affinity, leading to selective uptake of the complex into the liver and spleen. The Ad5:FX complex putatively targets heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). The aim of this study was to elucidate the specific requirements for Ad5:FX-mediated cellular uptake in this high-affinity pathway, specifically the HSPG receptor requirements as well as the role of penton base-mediated integrin engagement in subsequent internalisation. Removal of HS sidechains by enzymatic digestion or competition with highly-sulfated heparins/heparan sulfates significantly decreased FX-mediated Ad5 cell binding in vitro and ex vivo. Removal of N-linked and, in particular, O-linked sulfate groups significantly attenuated the inhibitory capabilities of heparin, while the chemical inhibition of endogenous HSPG sulfation dose-dependently reduced FX-mediated Ad5 cellular uptake. Unlike native heparin, modified heparins lacking O- or N-linked sulfate groups were unable to inhibit Ad5 accumulation in the liver 1h after intravascular administration of adenovirus. Similar results were observed in vitro using Ad5 vectors possessing mutations ablating CAR- and/or α(v) integrin binding, demonstrating that attachment of the Ad5:FX complex to the cell surface involves HSPG sulfation. Interestingly, Ad5 vectors ablated for α(v) integrin binding showed markedly delayed cell entry, highlighting the need for an efficient post-attachment internalisation signal for optimal Ad5 uptake and transport following surface binding mediated through FX. This study therefore integrates the established model of α(v) integrin-dependent adenoviral infection with the high-affinity FX-mediated pathway. This has important implications for mechanisms that define organ targeting following contact of human adenoviruses with blood.
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MESH Headings
- Adenoviridae Infections/metabolism
- Adenoviridae Infections/virology
- Adenoviruses, Human/genetics
- Adenoviruses, Human/metabolism
- Adenoviruses, Human/physiology
- Factor X/metabolism
- Hep G2 Cells
- Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans/metabolism
- Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans/physiology
- Heparin/pharmacology
- Humans
- Multiprotein Complexes/metabolism
- Multiprotein Complexes/physiology
- Oligopeptides/chemistry
- Oligopeptides/physiology
- Organisms, Genetically Modified
- Protein Binding/drug effects
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational/physiology
- Receptors, Virus/chemistry
- Receptors, Virus/genetics
- Receptors, Virus/metabolism
- Receptors, Virus/physiology
- Sulfates/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Virus Internalization/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Bradshaw
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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48
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McLachlan J, Hamilton CA, Beattie E, Murphy MP, Dominiczak AF, Nicklin SA, Graham D. 021 Therapeutic effects of MitoQ10 on hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. Heart 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.195941.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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49
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Greig JA, Buckley SM, Waddington SN, Parker AL, Bhella D, Pink R, Rahim AA, Morita T, Nicklin SA, McVey JH, Baker AH. Influence of coagulation factor x on in vitro and in vivo gene delivery by adenovirus (Ad) 5, Ad35, and chimeric Ad5/Ad35 vectors. Mol Ther 2009; 17:1683-91. [PMID: 19603000 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2009.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The binding of coagulation factor X (FX) to the hexon of adenovirus (Ad) 5 is pivotal for hepatocyte transduction. However, vectors based on Ad35, a subspecies B Ad, are in development for cancer gene therapy, as Ad35 utilizes CD46 (which is upregulated in many cancers) for transduction. We investigated whether interaction of Ad35 with FX influenced vector tropism using Ad5, Ad35, and Ad5/Ad35 chimeras: Ad5/fiber(f)35, Ad5/penton(p)35/f35, and Ad35/f5. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) revealed that Ad35 and Ad35/f5 bound FX with approximately tenfold lower affinities than Ad5 hexon-containing viruses, and electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM) demonstrated a direct Ad35 hexon:FX interaction. The presence of physiological levels of FX significantly inhibited transduction of vectors containing Ad35 fibers (Ad5/f35, Ad5/p35/f35, and Ad35) in CD46-positive cells. Vectors were intravenously administered to CD46 transgenic mice in the presence and absence of FX-binding protein (X-bp), resulting in reduced liver accumulation for all vectors. Moreover, Ad5/f35 and Ad5/p35/f35 efficiently accumulated in the lung, whereas Ad5 demonstrated poor lung targeting. Additionally, X-bp significantly reduced lung genome accumulation for Ad5/f35 and Ad5/p35/f35, whereas Ad35 was significantly enhanced. In summary, vectors based on the full Ad35 serotype will be useful vectors for selective gene transfer via CD46 due to a weaker FX interaction compared to Ad5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny A Greig
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
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50
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Nicol CG, Denby L, Lopez-Franco O, Masson R, Halliday CA, Nicklin SA, Kritz A, Work LM, Baker AH. Use of in vivo phage display to engineer novel adenoviruses for targeted delivery to the cardiac vasculature. FEBS Lett 2009; 583:2100-7. [PMID: 19481546 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2009] [Revised: 05/21/2009] [Accepted: 05/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We performed in vivo phage display in the stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive rat, a cardiovascular disease model, and the normotensive Wistar Kyoto rat to identify cardiac targeting peptides, and then assessed each in the context of viral gene delivery. We identified both common and strain-selective peptides, potentially indicating ubiquitous markers and those found selectively in dysfunctional microvasculature of the heart. We show the utility of the peptide, DDTRHWG, for targeted gene delivery in human cells and rats in vivo when cloned into the fiber protein of subgroup D adenovirus 19p. This study therefore identifies cardiac targeting peptides by in vivo phage display and the potential of a candidate peptide for vector targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Campbell G Nicol
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glasgow, UK
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