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Ugarteche Pérez A, Berger E, Kelly-Irving M, Delpierre C, Capuron L, Castagné R. Early life stress in relation with risk of overweight, depression, and their comorbidity across adulthood: findings from a British birth cohort. Psychol Med 2024; 54:1853-1866. [PMID: 38197250 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723003823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multimorbidity, known as the co-occurrence of at least two chronic conditions, has become of increasing concern in the current context of ageing populations, though it affects all ages. Early life risk factors of multimorbidity include adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), particularly associated with psychological conditions and weight problems. Few studies have considered related mechanisms and focus on old age participants. We are interested in estimating, from young adulthood, the risk of overweight-depression comorbidity related to ACEs while adjusting for early life confounders and intermediate variables. METHODS We used data from the 1958 National Child Development Study, a prospective birth cohort study (N = 18 558). A four-category outcome (no condition, overweight only, depression only and, overweight-depression comorbidity) was constructed at 23, 33, and 42 years. Multinomial logistic regression models adjusting for intermediate variables co-occurring with this outcome were created. ACEs and sex interaction on comorbidity risk was tested. RESULTS In our study sample (N = 7762), we found that ACEs were associated with overweight-depression comorbidity risk throughout adulthood (RRR [95% CI] at 23y = 3.80 [2.10-6.88]) though less overtime. Comorbidity risk was larger than risk of separate conditions. Intermediate variables explained part of the association. After full-adjustment, an association remained (RRR [95% CI] at 23y = 2.00 [1.08-3.72]). Comorbidity risk related to ACEs differed by sex at 42. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence on the link and potential mechanisms between ACEs and the co-occurrence of mental and physical diseases throughout the life-course. We suggest addressing ACEs in intervention strategies and public policies to go beyond single disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eloïse Berger
- CERPOP, University of Toulouse, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Lucile Capuron
- University of Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
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Ma S, Xu Y, Xu S, Guo Z. The effect of physical fitness on psychological health: evidence from Chinese university students. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1365. [PMID: 38773390 PMCID: PMC11106851 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18841-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite frequent discussions on the link between physical and mental health, the specific impact of physical fitness on mental well-being is yet to be fully established. METHOD This study, carried out between January 2022 and August 2023, involved 4,484 Chinese University students from eight universities located in various regions of China. It aimed to examine the association between physical fitness on psychological well-being. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, and logistic regression were used to analyze the association between physical fitness indicators (e.g., Body Mass Index (BMI), vital capacity, and endurance running) and mental health, assessed using Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). All procedures were ethically approved, and participants consented to take part in. RESULTS Our analysis revealed that BMI, vital capacity, and endurance running scores significantly influence mental health indicators. Specifically, a 1-point increase in BMI increases the likelihood of an abnormal psychological state by 10.9%, while a similar increase in vital capacity and endurance running decreases the risk by 2.1% and 4.1%, respectively. In contrast, reaction time, lower limb explosiveness, flexibility, and muscle strength showed no significant effects on psychological states (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Improvements in BMI, vital capacity, and endurance running capabilities are associated with better mental health outcomes, highlighting their potential importance in enhancing overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Ma
- College of Public Administration, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Yanqi Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of Resources, Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Simao Xu
- College of Sports Medicine and health, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, 61004, China
| | - Zhicheng Guo
- Public physical education Department, Guangxi Arts and Crafts School, Liuzhou, 545005, China
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Zhang JJ, Wang J, Wang XQ, Zhang XY. Gender Differences in the Prevalence and Clinical Correlates of Metabolic Syndrome in First-Episode and Drug-Naïve Patients With Major Depressive Disorder. Psychosom Med 2024; 86:202-209. [PMID: 38588496 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe psychiatric symptom worldwide, and the coexistence of MDD with metabolic syndrome (MetS) is common in clinical practice. However, gender differences in comorbid MetS in first-episode and drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD patients have not been reported. Here, we explored potential gender differences in the prevalence and clinical correlates of comorbid MetS in FEDN MDD patients. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 1718 FEDN MDD patients was conducted. Demographic and clinical data were collected. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale, and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale positive subscale were used to evaluate depression, anxiety, and psychotic symptoms, respectively. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS was 1.645-fold higher in female MDD patients (38.50%) than in male patients (26.53%). Patients with MetS had higher HAMD score, Hamilton Anxiety Scale score, and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale positive subscale score than patients without MetS (p values < .001). Furthermore, suicide attempts (male: odds ratio [OR] = 1.706, p = .034; female: OR = 1.639, p = .004) and HAMD score (male: OR = 1.251, p < .001; female: OR = 1.148, p < .001) were independently associated with MetS in male and female patients, whereas age of onset was independently associated with MetS only in female patients (OR = 1.744, p = .047). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest significant gender differences in the prevalence and clinical correlates of comorbid MetS in FEDN MDD patients. Clinical variables (suicide attempts and HAMD scores) may be independently associated with MetS in MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Zhang
- From the Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, National International Joint Research Center for Molecular Chinese Medicine (J.-J. Zhang, X.-Q. Wang), Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.-J. Zhang, X.Y. Zhang), Institute of Psychology, Beijing; School of Nursing (J. Wang), Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin; and Department of Psychology (X.Y. Zhang), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Kadriu B, Deng ZD, Kraus C, Johnston JN, Fijtman A, Henter ID, Kasper S, Zarate CA. The impact of body mass index on the clinical features of bipolar disorder: A STEP-BD study. Bipolar Disord 2024; 26:160-175. [PMID: 37536999 PMCID: PMC10839568 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.13370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effects of body mass index (BMI) on the core symptoms of bipolar disorder (BD) and its implications for disease trajectory are largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE To examine whether BMI impacted hospitalization rate, medical and psychiatric comorbidities, and core symptom domains such as depression and suicidality in BD. METHODS Participants (15 years and older) were 2790 BD outpatients enrolled in the longitudinal STEP-BD study; all met DSM-IV criteria for BD-I, BD-II, cyclothymia, BD NOS, or schizoaffective disorder, bipolar subtype. BMI, demographic information, psychiatric and medical comorbidities, and other clinical variables such as bipolarity index, history of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and history of suicide attempts were collected at baseline. Longitudinal changes in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score, Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) score, and hospitalizations during the study were also assessed. Depending on the variable of interest, odds-ratios, regression analyses, factor analyses, and graph analyses were applied. RESULTS A robust increase in psychiatric and medical comorbidities was observed, particularly for baseline BMIs >35. A significant relationship was noted between higher BMI and history of suicide attempts, and individuals with BMIs >40 had the highest prevalence of suicide attempts. Obese and overweight individuals had a higher bipolarity index (a questionnaire measuring disease severity) and were more likely to have received ECT. Higher BMIs correlated with worsening trajectory of core depression symptoms and with worsening lassitude and inability to feel. CONCLUSIONS In BD participants, elevated BMI was associated with worsening clinical features, including higher rates of suicidality, comorbidities, and core depression symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashkim Kadriu
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood
Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Zhi-De Deng
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood
Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Christoph Kraus
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood
Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical
University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jenessa N. Johnston
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood
Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria,
Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Adam Fijtman
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood
Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Ioline D. Henter
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood
Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Siegfried Kasper
- Center for Brain Research Department of Molecular
Neuroscience, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carlos A. Zarate
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood
Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
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Tassone VK, Meshkat S, Pang H, Wu M, Duffy SF, Jung H, Lou W, Bhat V. Increased odds of high body mass index in depression with self-reported antidepressant use. Gen Psychiatr 2023; 36:e101204. [PMID: 38116458 PMCID: PMC10728957 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2023-101204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa K Tassone
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shakila Meshkat
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hilary Pang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michelle Wu
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sophie F Duffy
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hyejung Jung
- Department of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wendy Lou
- Department of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Venkat Bhat
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Mental Health and Addictions Services, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Coppola T, Daziano G, Legroux I, Béraud-Dufour S, Blondeau N, Lebrun P. Unlocking Therapeutic Synergy: Tailoring Drugs for Comorbidities such as Depression and Diabetes through Identical Molecular Targets in Different Cell Types. Cells 2023; 12:2768. [PMID: 38067196 PMCID: PMC10706795 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Research in the field of pharmacology aims to generate new treatments for pathologies. Nowadays, there are an increased number of chronic disorders that severely and durably handicap many patients. Among the most widespread pathologies, obesity, which is often associated with diabetes, is constantly increasing in incidence, and in parallel, neurodegenerative and mood disorders are increasingly affecting many people. For years, these pathologies have been so frequently observed in the population in a concomitant way that they are considered as comorbidities. In fact, common mechanisms are certainly at work in the etiology of these pathologies. The main purpose of this review is to show the value of anticipating the effect of baseline treatment of a condition on its comorbidity in order to obtain concomitant positive actions. One of the implications would be that by understanding and targeting shared molecular mechanisms underlying these conditions, it may be possible to tailor drugs that address both simultaneously. To this end, we firstly remind readers of the close link existing between depression and diabetes and secondly address the potential benefit of the pleiotropic actions of two major active molecules used to treat central and peripheral disorders, first a serotonin reuptake inhibitor (Prozac ®) and then GLP-1R agonists. In the second part, by discussing the therapeutic potential of new experimental antidepressant molecules, we will support the concept that a better understanding of the intracellular signaling pathways targeted by pharmacological agents could lead to future synergistic treatments targeting solely positive effects for comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Coppola
- CNRS, IPMC, Université Côte d’Azur, Sophia Antipolis, F-06560 Valbonne, France; (G.D.); (I.L.); (S.B.-D.); (N.B.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Patricia Lebrun
- CNRS, IPMC, Université Côte d’Azur, Sophia Antipolis, F-06560 Valbonne, France; (G.D.); (I.L.); (S.B.-D.); (N.B.)
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Eagle SR, Puccio AM, Nelson LD, McCrea M, Giacino J, Diaz-Arrastia R, Conkright W, Jain S, Sun X, Manley G, Okonkwo DO. Association of obesity with mild traumatic brain injury symptoms, inflammatory profile, quality of life and functional outcomes: a TRACK-TBI Study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2023; 94:1012-1017. [PMID: 37369556 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2023-331562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation, which may impact recovery from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The objective was to assess the role of obesity in recovery of symptoms, functional outcome and inflammatory blood biomarkers after mTBI. METHODS TRACK-TBI is a prospective study of patients with acute mTBI (Glasgow Coma Scale=13-15) who were enrolled ≤24 hours of injury at an emergency department of level 1 trauma centres and followed for 12 months. A total of 770 hospitalised patients who were either obese (body mass index (BMI) >30.0) or healthy mass (BMI=18.5-24.9) were enrolled. Blood concentrations of high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin (IL) 6, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor alpha; Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ), Quality of Life After Brain Injury and Glasgow Outcome Score-Extended reflecting injury-related functional limitations at 6 and 12 months were collected. RESULTS After adjusting for age and gender, obese participants had higher concentrations of hsCRP 1 day after injury (mean difference (MD)=0.65; 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.87, p<0.001), at 2 weeks (MD=0.99; 95% CI: 0.74 to 1.25, p<0.001) and at 6 months (MD=1.08; 95% CI: 0.79 to 1.37, p<0.001) compared with healthy mass participants. Obese participants had higher concentrations of IL-6 at 2 weeks (MD=0.37; 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.64, p=0.006) and 6 months (MD=0.42; 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.72, p=0.006). Obese participants had higher RPQ total score at 6 months (MD=2.79; p=0.02) and 12 months (MD=2.37; p=0.049). CONCLUSIONS Obesity is associated with higher symptomatology at 6 and 12 months and higher concentrations of blood inflammatory markers throughout recovery following mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn R Eagle
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ava M Puccio
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lindsay D Nelson
- Neurosurgery & Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Michael McCrea
- Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Joseph Giacino
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Sonia Jain
- Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Xiaoying Sun
- Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Geoffrey Manley
- Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David O Okonkwo
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Zhang JJ, Wang XQ, Zeng Q, Gao N, Zhang XY. Prevalence and associated clinical factors for overweight and obesity in young first-episode and drug-naïve Chinese patients with major depressive disorder. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1278566. [PMID: 37920541 PMCID: PMC10618673 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1278566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity and overweight are common in young patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the prevalence and associated clinical factors of obesity/overweight in young first-episode and drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD patients are rarely reported in China. Methods A cross-sectional study of 917 young patients (aged 18-35 years) with FEDN MDD was performed. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Depression, anxiety, and psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) positive subscale, respectively. Results Among the young MDD patients, the prevalence of obesity and overweight was 4.14 and 52.89%, respectively. Compared to normal-weight patients, overweight patients were older, had a greater age of onset, and had higher TSH and TG levels. Male MDD patients had a higher risk of obesity than female patients. Compared to obese patients, normal-weight and overweight patients had significantly lower HAMD scores, TC levels, and rates of TSH abnormalities. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, age of onset, and sex were independently associated with obesity, and TSH was independently associated with both obesity and overweight, in young MDD patients. Conclusion Our findings suggest a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in young FEDN MDD patients. Several demographic and clinical variables are independently associated with overweight/obesity in these young MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, National International Joint Research Center for Molecular Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, National International Joint Research Center for Molecular Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qun Zeng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| | - Na Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Lin S, Cienfuegos S, Ezpeleta M, Pavlou V, Chakos K, McStay M, Runchey MC, Alexandria SJ, Varady KA. Effect of Time-Restricted Eating versus Daily Calorie Restriction on Mood and Quality of Life in Adults with Obesity. Nutrients 2023; 15:4313. [PMID: 37892388 PMCID: PMC10609268 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this secondary analysis is to compare the effects of two popular weight loss regimens, time-restricted eating (TRE) and daily calorie restriction (CR), on mood and quality-of-life measures in adults with obesity. Ninety participants were randomized to one of three interventions for 12 months: 8 h TRE (eating only between 12:00 and 8:00 p.m., with no calorie counting); CR (25% energy restriction daily); or no-intervention control group. Questionnaires were administered to measure mood (Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Profile of Mood States (POMS)) and quality of life (Rand 36-Item Short Form) at baseline and month 12. Body weight decreased in the TRE group (-4.87%, 95%CI: -7.61, -2.13) and CR group (-5.30%, 95%CI: -9.06, -1.54) versus controls, with no difference between TRE and CR. The BDI-II depression score did not change in the TRE or CR group, versus controls, by month 12. Likewise, there were no changes in any of the POMS subscales (tension, depression, anger, fatigue, anger, confusion, or vigor) or the total mood disturbance score in the TRE or CR group versus controls. As for quality of life, there were no significant changes in the SF-36 constructs of mental health, bodily pain, and general physical health in the TRE or CR group versus controls. However, there was a trend towards increased vitality in the TRE group (7.77 [95% CI: 0.15, 15.39] p = 0.05) relative to controls. There were no associations between changes in body weight, physical activity, mood, and quality of life in any group by the end of the study. These findings suggest that TRE and CR produce similar degrees of weight loss, but impact neither mood nor quality of life in adults with obesity over 12 months. Future well-powered studies will be needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhao Lin
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 West Taylor Street, Room 532, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sofia Cienfuegos
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 West Taylor Street, Room 532, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Mark Ezpeleta
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 West Taylor Street, Room 532, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Vasiliki Pavlou
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 West Taylor Street, Room 532, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kaitlin Chakos
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 West Taylor Street, Room 532, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Mara McStay
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 West Taylor Street, Room 532, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Mary-Claire Runchey
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 West Taylor Street, Room 532, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Shaina J. Alexandria
- Department of Preventative Medicine (Biostatistics), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Krista A. Varady
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 West Taylor Street, Room 532, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Silveira PP, Pokhvisneva I, Howard DM, Meaney MJ. A sex-specific genome-wide association study of depression phenotypes in UK Biobank. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2469-2479. [PMID: 36750733 PMCID: PMC10611579 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-01960-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
There are marked sex differences in the prevalence, phenotypic presentation and treatment response for major depression. While genome-wide association studies (GWAS) adjust for sex differences, to date, no studies seek to identify sex-specific markers and pathways. In this study, we performed a sex-stratified genome-wide association analysis for broad depression with the UK Biobank total participants (N = 274,141), including only non-related participants, as well as with males (N = 127,867) and females (N = 146,274) separately. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to characterize common and sex-specific markers and associated processes/pathways. We identified 11 loci passing genome-level significance (P < 5 × 10-8) in females and one in males. In both males and females, genetic correlations were significant between the broad depression GWA and other psychopathologies; however, correlations with educational attainment and metabolic features including body fat, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and triglycerides were significant only in females. Gene-based analysis showed 147 genes significantly associated with broad depression in the total sample, 64 in the females and 53 in the males. Gene-based analysis revealed "Regulation of Gene Expression" as a common biological process, but suggested sex-specific molecular mechanisms. Finally, sex-specific polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for broad depression outperformed total and the opposite sex PRSs in the prediction of broad major depressive disorder. These findings provide evidence for sex-dependent genetic pathways for clinical depression as well as for health conditions comorbid with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Pelufo Silveira
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Douglas Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Irina Pokhvisneva
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Douglas Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David M Howard
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Douglas Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences and Brain - Body Initiative, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
- Brain-Body Initiative, Institute for Cell & Molecular Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
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Park HJ, Rhie SJ, Shim I. The effects of physical exercise therapy on weight control: its regulation of adipocyte physiology and metabolic capacity. J Exerc Rehabil 2023; 19:141-148. [PMID: 37435589 PMCID: PMC10331143 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2346232.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Factors associated with increased body mass, including dyslipidemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, vascular endothelial dysfunction and sleep disorders, may contribute to the exacerbation of cardiovascular disease. These health problems associated with obesity are caused by accumulated metabolism and physical and emotional stress. Lifestyle, especially exercise, is a major therapeutic strategy for the treatment and management of obesity-induced metabolic problems. Metabolic disease often co-occurs with abdominal obesity. Exercise is necessary for the treatment of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A potential benefit of exercise is to promote fat burning and energy use increases both during exercise itself and in the post-exercise period. Exercise suppresses basal metabolic rate and also has many health benefits. Why should we exercise to lose weight? Does physical activity help lower blood pressure, blood cholesterol, and blood sugar? In this article, we review the positive effects of physical exercise on weight maintenance and weight loss, and the effectiveness of physical exercise on the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon,
Korea
| | - Sung Ja Rhie
- Department of Beauty Design, Halla University, Wonju,
Korea
| | - Insop Shim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul,
Korea
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12
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Leutner M, Dervic E, Bellach L, Klimek P, Thurner S, Kautzky A. Obesity as pleiotropic risk state for metabolic and mental health throughout life. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:175. [PMID: 37248222 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02447-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a highly prevalent disorder and central diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome, is linked to mental health by clinical observations and biological pathways. Patients with a diagnosis of obesity may show long-lasting increases in risk for receiving psychiatric co-diagnoses. Austrian national registry data of inpatient services from 1997 to 2014 were analyzed to detect associations between a hospital diagnosis of obesity (ICD-10: E66) and disorders grouped by level-3 ICD-10 codes. Data were stratified by age decades and associations between each pair of diagnoses were computed with the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel method, providing odds ratios (OR) and p values corrected for multiple testing. Further, directions of the associations were assessed by calculating time-order-ratios. Receiving a diagnosis of obesity significantly increased the odds for a large spectrum of psychiatric disorders across all age groups, including depression, psychosis-spectrum, anxiety, eating and personality disorders (all pcorr < 0.01, all OR > 1.5). For all co-diagnoses except for psychosis-spectrum, obesity was significantly more often the diagnosis received first. Further, significant sex differences were found for most disorders, with women showing increased risk for all disorders except schizophrenia and nicotine addiction. In addition to the well-recognized role in promoting disorders related to the metabolic syndrome and severe cardiometabolic sequalae, obesity commonly precedes severe mental health disorders. Risk is most pronounced in young age groups and particularly increased in female patients. Consequently, thorough screening for mental health problems in patients with obesity is urgently called for to allow prevention and facilitate adequate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Leutner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elma Dervic
- Section for Science of Complex Systems, CeMSIIS, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
- Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Josefstaedter Straße 39, 1080, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luise Bellach
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Klimek
- Section for Science of Complex Systems, CeMSIIS, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
- Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Josefstaedter Straße 39, 1080, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Thurner
- Section for Science of Complex Systems, CeMSIIS, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
- Complexity Science Hub Vienna, Josefstaedter Straße 39, 1080, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Kautzky
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
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13
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Liu X, Liu X, Wang Y, Zeng B, Zhu B, Dai F. Association between depression and oxidative balance score: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018. J Affect Disord 2023:S0165-0327(23)00712-7. [PMID: 37244542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the relationship between systemic oxidative stress status and depression. The oxidative balance score (OBS) was used to assess systemic oxidative stress status, with higher OBS scores implying exposure to more antioxidants. This study aimed to explore whether OBS is associated with depression. METHODS 18,761 subjects from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018 were selected. Depression was diagnosed by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9, score ≥ 10). OBS was scored by 20 dietary and lifestyle factors. Weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to assess the association between OBS and depression. RESULTS The prevalence of depression was 8.42 %. There was a significant negative nonlinear relationship between OBS, dietary OBS, lifestyle OBS and depression (p for nonlinear < 0.05). Compared to the lowest quartile of OBS, the adjusted ORs for the highest quartile of OBS, dietary OBS, and lifestyle OBS and depression were 0.290 (95 % CI: 0.193-0.434), 0.500(95 % CI: 0.380-0.658), 0.403(95 % CI: 0.299-0.545) respectively, and all P for trend < 0.001. In stratified analyses, three OBS were negatively associated with the odds of depression across sex groups (all P for trend < 0.05), and the OR was smaller in the female group than in the male group. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional data and absence of drug considerations. CONCLUSIONS OBS was strongly negatively associated with depression, especially in females. The findings underline the significance of adhering to an antioxidant diet and lifestyle, which helps prevent depression and appears to be of greater benefit to women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuna Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Xuyan Liu
- Department of Medicine, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Beibei Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Boxu Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Fei Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China.
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14
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Panda SS, Nayak A, Shah S, Aich P. A Systematic Review on the Association between Obesity and Mood Disorders and the Role of Gut Microbiota. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040488. [PMID: 37110147 PMCID: PMC10144251 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex health condition that increases the susceptibility to developing cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and numerous other metabolic health issues. The effect of obesity is not just limited to the conditions mentioned above; it is also seen to have a profound impact on the patient’s mental state, leading to the onset of various mental disorders, particularly mood disorders. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the mechanism underlying the crosstalk between obesity and mental disorders. The gut microbiota is vital in regulating and maintaining host physiology, including metabolism and neuronal circuits. Because of this newly developed understanding of gut microbiota role, here we evaluated the published diverse information to summarize the achievement in the field. In this review, we gave an overview of the association between obesity, mental disorders, and the role of gut microbiota there. Further new guidelines and experimental tools are necessary to understand the microbial contribution to regulate a balanced healthy life.
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15
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Jung FUCE, Riedel-Heller SG, Luck-Sikorski C. The relationship between weight history and psychological health-Differences related to gender and weight loss patterns. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281776. [PMID: 36780486 PMCID: PMC9925088 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence and burden of obesity continues to grow worldwide. Psychological comorbidities may not only influence quality of life, but may also hinder successful weight loss. The causality between excess weight and mental health issues is still not fully understood. The aim of the study was to investigate whetherweight history parameters, (ie.age of onset) are related to psychological comorbidities. METHOD The data were derived from a representative telephone survey in Germany, collecting information on weight loss patterns and mental health outcomes among individuals with BMI>30kg/m2. Overall, 787 participants were examined in terms of depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9) and anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire, GAD7). In addition, participants were asked about different aspects of their weight history (ie. weight loss patterns and trajectories) over the lifespan. The relationship between weight history and mental health was analyzed using multivariate statistics. RESULTS According to regression analyses, having had more weight loss attempts, a greater weight loss being desired and being a "weight maintainer" was associated with more symptoms of depression (p < 0.001), whereas a greater desired weight loss and being categorized as a "weight maintainer" was associated with more anxiety (p < 0.001). Moroever, the prevalence of depressive symptoms was significantly higher in male individuals who desire to lose more weight or had more weight loss attempts in the past. CONCLUSION Gender-specific differences were observed in terms of weight history parameters, as well as mental health outcomes. Especially for men, weight loss patterns seem to be related to depressive symptoms. Concerning the overall results, it becomes clear that screening for weight history at the beginning of a multidisciplinary weight loss program in the context of gender-specific psychological comorbidities is important. The question remains why some aspects of weight history seem to be more important than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska U. C. E. Jung
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Steffi G. Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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16
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A review on biological assays of red algae marine compounds: An insight into skin whitening activities. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Reemst K, Ruigrok SR, Bleker L, Naninck EFG, Ernst T, Kotah JM, Lucassen PJ, Roseboom TJ, Pollux BJA, de Rooij SR, Korosi A. Sex-dependence and comorbidities of the early-life adversity induced mental and metabolic disease risks: Where are we at? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 138:104627. [PMID: 35339483 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Early-life adversity (ELA) is a major risk factor for developing later-life mental and metabolic disorders. However, if and to what extent ELA contributes to the comorbidity and sex-dependent prevalence/presentation of these disorders remains unclear. We here comprehensively review and integrate human and rodent ELA (pre- and postnatal) studies examining mental or metabolic health in both sexes and discuss the role of the placenta and maternal milk, key in transferring maternal effects to the offspring. We conclude that ELA impacts mental and metabolic health with sex-specific presentations that depend on timing of exposure, and that human and rodent studies largely converge in their findings. ELA is more often reported to impact cognitive and externalizing domains in males, internalizing behaviors in both sexes and concerning the metabolic dimension, adiposity in females and insulin sensitivity in males. Thus, ELA seems to be involved in the origin of the comorbidity and sex-specific prevalence/presentation of some of the most common disorders in our society. Therefore, ELA-induced disease states deserve specific preventive and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitty Reemst
- University of Amsterdam, Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, Brain Plasticity Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silvie R Ruigrok
- University of Amsterdam, Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, Brain Plasticity Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Bleker
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eva F G Naninck
- University of Amsterdam, Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, Brain Plasticity Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tiffany Ernst
- Wageningen University, Department of Animal Sciences, Experimental Zoology &Evolutionary Biology Group, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janssen M Kotah
- University of Amsterdam, Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, Brain Plasticity Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Lucassen
- University of Amsterdam, Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, Brain Plasticity Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa J Roseboom
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J A Pollux
- Wageningen University, Department of Animal Sciences, Experimental Zoology &Evolutionary Biology Group, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne R de Rooij
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aniko Korosi
- University of Amsterdam, Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, Brain Plasticity Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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18
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Lin WY, Chang CK, Tung FI, Lin TY, Lin YK. Interpreting the Evidence of Body Mass Index in Relation to Mental Health Status in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Gerontology 2022; 68:1311-1320. [PMID: 35500556 DOI: 10.1159/000524450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maintaining a better physical and mental health status is an important issue for older adults in their later life. Thus, the study's purpose was to evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and mental health status in older adults aged 65 years old or above residing in communities of Taipei City, Taiwan. METHODS We carried out secondary data analysis with data from a volunteer-based health examination project for older adults >65 years old residing in Taipei City from 2006 to 2010 with a retrospective study design. BMI, calculated by standardized measuring procedures for height and weight, and mental health status, evaluated by 5-item Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS-5), were collected at their first visits of health examination. A BSRS-5 score ≥6 was considered an inferior mental health status for the outcome. In statistical analysis, univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were adopted to estimate the relative risk of inferior mental health status, treating BMI as the major exposure of interest. RESULTS A total of 90,576 subjects were involved, with a mean age of 73.38 years old (SD = 6.64 years) and 49.21% females. With confounders controlled, compared to normal or overweight (23 ≤ BMI <30), an adjusted OR of 1.23 (95% CI: 1.18, 1.29) on inferior mental health status was detected for the underweight group (BMI <23) significantly. Adjusted OR for those obese (BMI ≧30) was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.79, 0.96). Significantly elevated ORs of underweight were found for both genders, but the significantly protective effect of obese was only detected for females. CONCLUSION Keeping an appropriate weight or even being overweighted might be beneficial for older adults dwelling in the community, especially for males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yu Lin
- Department of Health and Welfare, College of City Management, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Kuo Chang
- Global Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,King's College London (Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neurosciences), London, United Kingdom.,South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fu-I Tung
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yi Lin
- Department of Health and Welfare, College of City Management, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Lin
- Department of Health and Welfare, College of City Management, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
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19
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The Relationship between F 2-Isoprostanes Plasma Levels and Depression Symptoms in Healthy Older Adults. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050822. [PMID: 35624687 PMCID: PMC9137659 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing proportion of older citizens in our society reflects a need to better understand age-related biological underpinnings of mood, as depression in older age may be under-diagnosed. Pre-clinical and human studies evidence a relationship between oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers in depression symptoms, and an influence of biological factors such as Body Mass Index (BMI), but focus has been clinical or younger samples, and less is known about patterns in healthy older adults. We investigated these associations with data derived from the Australian Research Council Longevity Study (ARCLI; ANZCTR12611000487910), in 568 healthy adults aged 60–75 years using F2-Isoprostanes plasma levels, and controlling for demographic factors, in assessing mood via the Beck Depression Inventory-II, Chalder Fatigue Scale, and General Health Questionnaire 12. Elevated F2-Isoprostanes contributed to depressed mood on the BDI-II and reduced general health on the GHQ-12. BMI was positively associated with Chalder Fatigue scores, yet better ratings on the GHQ-12. Females had significantly higher F2-Isoprostanes than males. The results suggest that in otherwise healthy older adults, mood and mental health are reduced with increases in oxidative stress markers, exhibiting similar patterns observed in clinical groups. Sex as a factor should be considered when assessing OS levels in systemic pathologies. BMI as a modifiable risk factor for maintenance of mental health, and OS modification through nutrient supplementation, are discussed. The findings contribute to understanding oxidative stress marker patterns in healthy older adults and their potential role in mood symptoms and mental health.
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20
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Lei J, Luo Y, Xie Y, Wang X. Visceral Adiposity Index Is a Measure of the Likelihood of Developing Depression Among Adults in the United States. Front Psychol 2022; 13:772556. [PMID: 35401344 PMCID: PMC8991090 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.772556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is a serious mental disorder often accompanied by emotional and physiological disorders. Visceral fat index (VAI) is the current standard method in the evaluation of visceral fat deposition. In this study, we explored the association between VAI and depression in the American population using NHANES data. Methods A total of 2,577 patients were enrolled for this study. Data were collected through structured questionnaires. Subgroup analysis for the relationship between VAI and depression was evaluated using multivariate regression analysis after adjustment for potential confounding factors. Results For every 1 unit increase in VAI, the clinical depression increased by 14% (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04–1.25). High VAI scores (T3) increased the highest risk of developing depression (OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.2–4.47). Subgroup analysis demonstrated a strong and stable association between VAI and the development of depression. Conclusion Our study showed that depressive symptoms are associated with a high ratio of visceral adiposity index after controlling confounding factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lei
- School of Nursing Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaoyue Luo
- School of Nursing Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yaoyue Luo,
| | - Yude Xie
- School of Nursing Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoju Wang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changsha, China
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21
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Al-Khatib Y, Akhtar MA, Kanawati MA, Mucheke R, Mahfouz M, Al-Nufoury M. Depression and Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e22153. [PMID: 35308733 PMCID: PMC8920832 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed the literature to investigate the relationship between depression and metabolic syndrome. Major depressive disorder is characterized by a low mood or a loss of interest for longer than two weeks. Metabolic syndrome describes multiple metabolic risk factors including obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. We divided our findings into environmental, genetic, epigenetic, and biological pathway links between depression and the different aspects of metabolic syndrome. We found various sources linking obesity and metabolic syndrome genetically, environmentally, biological pathway-wise, and, while not fully explored, epigenetically. Diabetes and depression were also found to be linked environmentally with both conditions increasing the risk of the other. Depression was also shown to be linked to cardiovascular complications as it increased the risk of occurrence of such complications in healthy people. These findings have led us to believe that there is a link between depression and metabolic syndrome on various levels, especially obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M Ali Kanawati
- Internal Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, IRL
| | - Rumbidzai Mucheke
- Operating Department Practice, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, GBR
| | - Maria Mahfouz
- Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, IRL
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22
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Wang Z, Cheng Y, Li Y, Han J, Yuan Z, Li Q, Zhong F, Wu Y, Fan X, Bo T, Gao L. The Relationship Between Obesity and Depression Is Partly Dependent on Metabolic Health Status: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Database Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:880230. [PMID: 35692399 PMCID: PMC9174461 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.880230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Some studies have demonstrated a bidirectional association between obesity and depression, whereas others have not. This discordance might be due to the metabolic health status. We aimed to determine whether the relationship between obesity and depression is dependent on metabolic health status. METHODS In total, 9,022,089 participants were enrolled and classified as one of four obesity phenotypes: metabolically healthy nonobesity (MHNO), metabolically unhealthy nonobesity (MUNO), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). We then divided the population into eight phenotypes based on obesity and the number of metabolic risk factors. Furthermore, the associations of eight phenotypes, based on obesity and specific metabolic risk factors, with depression were assessed. RESULT Among all participants, a higher risk of depression was observed for MUNO, MHO and MUO than for MHNO. The risk was highest for MUO (OR = 1.442; 95% CI = 1.432, 1.451). However, the association between MHO and depression was different for men and women (OR = 0.941, men; OR = 1.132, women). The risk of depression increased as the number of metabolic risk factors increased. Dyslipidemia was the strongest metabolic risk factor. These relationships were consistent among patients ≥ 45 years of age. CONCLUSIONS The increased risk of obesity-related depression appears to partly depend on metabolic health status. The results highlight the importance of a favorable metabolic status, and even nonobese populations should be screened for metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Yiping Cheng
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Junming Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongshang Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qihang Li
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fang Zhong
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yafei Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Xiude Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiude Fan, ; Tao Bo, ; Ling Gao,
| | - Tao Bo
- Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiude Fan, ; Tao Bo, ; Ling Gao,
| | - Ling Gao
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiude Fan, ; Tao Bo, ; Ling Gao,
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Akkaya Demir S, Akder RN, Meseri R. Is it chicken or the egg: Obesity, anxiety and depression in hospital workers. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-211567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Healthcare workers are susceptible to obesity, anxiety and depression. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and association of obesity, anxiety and depression symptoms in individuals working in a hospital. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study all of the employees of a hospital were invited to participate (n = 150). Anxiety (via Beck Anxiety Scale) and depression symptoms (via Beck Depression Scale) and obesity were dependent and independent variables. Obesity was determined both with body mass index (BMI) and abdominal obesity (Waist circumference-WC). Data were collected with face-to-face interviews and anthropometric measurements were done. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 with student t-test, chi-square and correlation tests. Significance was set at a p-value < 0.05. RESULTS: Among the participants who agreed to participate (n = 131, 64.1% females), 35.1% were obese and 50.4% were abdominally obese. The 35.9% had moderate-severe anxiety symptoms, 19.1% had moderate-severe depression symptoms. Both BMI and WC had positive, moderate and significant correlation with anxiety and depression scores. After adjusting for socio-demographic variables obesity (both with BMI and WC) was an independent factor for anxiety and depression symptom presence, whereas after adjusted for these variables anxiety and depression symptom presence was an independent factor for obesity and abdominal obesity (p = 0.001 for all). CONCLUSIONS: There is a correlation between anxiety, depression and obesity. In addition to nutrition interventions in combating obesity, services that will improve mental health should be provided together as teamwork.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rana Nagihan Akder
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Reci Meseri
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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24
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Depression and obesity among females, are sex specificities considered? Arch Womens Ment Health 2021; 24:851-866. [PMID: 33880649 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-021-01123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to systematically review the relationship of obesity-depression in the female sex. We carried out a systematic search (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase) to quantify the articles (controlled trials and randomized controlled trials) regarding obesity and depression on a female population or a mixed sample. Successively, we established whether the sex specificities were studied by the authors and if they reported on collecting data regarding factors that may contribute to the evolution of obesity and depression and that could be responsible for the greater susceptibility of females to those conditions. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we found a total of 20 articles with a female sample and 54 articles with a mixed sample. More than half of all articles (51.35%, n = 38) evaluated the relationship between depression and obesity, but only 20 (27.03%) evaluated this relationship among females; still, 80% of those (n = 16) presented supporting results. However, few articles considered confounding factors related to female hormones (12.16%, n = 9) and none of the articles focused on factors responsible for the binomial obesity-depression in the female sex. The resulting articles also supported that depression (and related impairments) influencing obesity (and related impairments) is a two-way road. This systematic review supports the concurrency of obesity-depression in females but also shows how sex specificities are ultimately under-investigated. Female sex specificity is not being actively considered when studying the binomial obesity-depression, even within a female sample. Future studies should focus on trying to understand how the female sex and normal hormonal variations influence these conditions.
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Park H, Lee K. The relationship between metabolically healthy obesity and suicidal ideation. J Affect Disord 2021; 292:369-374. [PMID: 34139410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a major public health issue. This present study aims to verify the relationship between metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and suicidal thoughts. METHODS Data were collected from a total of 299,594 medical checkup recipients. Frequency analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyze participants' general characteristics. To analyze the relationship between metabolic phenotype and suicidal ideation, we computed the cross-ratios after compensating for age, depression, and insomnia by using multivariate logistics regression analysis. RESULTS In an analysis of metabolic phenotype, suicidal thoughts were found to have decreased for moderate waist circumference (74.0-79.1 cm) for women who were >40 years old in the metabolically healthy (MH) group. In contrast, although severe abdominal obesity was associated with increased suicide risk, it was not found to be significantly related to suicide risk when considered together with emotional difficulties such as depression. LIMITATIONS This study used only self-report test was conducted to evaluate emotional problems. CONCLUSIONS Severe abdominal obesity did not affect suicidal thoughts for either sex when feelings of depression were considered. However, we confirmed that moderate waist circumference could be a protection factor of suicide for those who were >40 years old in the MH group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwanjin Park
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kounseok Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Zhang J. The Bidirectional Relationship between Body Weight and Depression across Gender: A Simultaneous Equation Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147673. [PMID: 34300124 PMCID: PMC8304982 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigates the bidirectional relationship between body weight and depression for both males and females in the U.S. METHODS Data are drawn from the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), and a simultaneous ordered probability system is estimated with maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) to accommodate the two-way causality between depression and body weight categories. The variable of depression is measured by individuals' past depressive records and current mental health status. RESULTS Depression and body weight are found to affect each other positively for both males and females on average. In a randomized population, the results of average treatment effects suggest significant body weight differences between depressed and non-depressed individuals. Age and other sociodemographic factors affect body weight differently between genders and between the people with depression and those without. CONCLUSION The positive bidirectional relationship between body weight and depression is found. The effect of depression on body weight is significant among both males and females in a randomized population, and females who experience depression are most likely to be obese and less likely to have normal weight compared to females without depression. The risks of overweight and obesity are high among people who are less educated or unable, who have poor health statuses, and who had high blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Ave., Beijing 100872, China
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Freo U, Brugnatelli V, Turco F, Zanette G. Analgesic and Antidepressant Effects of the Clinical Glutamate Modulators Acetyl-L-Carnitine and Ketamine. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:584649. [PMID: 34045938 PMCID: PMC8144463 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.584649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain and depression are leading causes of disability and of profound social and economic burden. Their impact is aggravated by their chronicity and comorbidity and the insufficient efficacy of current treatments. Morphological and functional metabolism studies link chronic pain and depressive disorders to dysfunctional neuroplastic changes in fronto-limbic brain regions that control emotional responses to painful injuries and stressful events. Glutamate modulators are emerging new therapies targeting dysfunctional brain areas implicated in the generation and maintenance of chronic pain and depression. Here, we report the effects of two clinically approved glutamate modulators: acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) and S, R(±)ketamine (KET). ALCAR is a natural neurotrophic compound currently marketed for the treatment of neuropathies. KET is the prototypical non-competitive antagonist at N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors and a clinically approved anesthetic. Although they differ in pharmacological profiles, ALCAR and KET both modulate aminergic and glutamatergic neurotransmissions and pain and mood. We assessed in rats the effects of ALCAR and KET on cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (rCMRglc) and assessed clinically the effects of ALCAR in chronic pain and of KET in post-operative pain. ALCAR and KET increased rCMRglc at similar degrees in prefrontal, somatosensory, and cingulate cortices, and KET increased rCMRglc at a different, much larger, degree in limbic and dopaminergic areas. While rCMRglc increases in prefrontal cortical areas have been associated with analgesic and antidepressant effects of ALCAR and KET, the marked metabolic increases KET induces in limbic and dopaminergic areas have been related to its psychotomimetic and abuse properties. In patients with chronic neuropathic pain, ALCAR (1,000 mg/day) yielded to a fast (2 weeks) improvement of mood and then of pain and quality of life. In day-surgery patients, KET improved dischargeability and satisfaction. In obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery, a single, low dose of KET (0.5 mg/kg) at induction of anesthesia determined a very fast (hours) amelioration of post-operative depression and pain and an opioid-sparing effect. These findings indicate that ALCAR and KET, two non-selective glutamate modulators, still offer viable therapeutic options in comorbid pain and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulderico Freo
- Section of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Viola Brugnatelli
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Neurosciences-DNS, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Turco
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Neurogastroenterology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gastone Zanette
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Neurosciences-DNS, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Scarpina F, Bastoni I, Cappelli S, Priano L, Giacomotti E, Castelnuovo G, Molinari E, Tovaglieri IMA, Cornacchia M, Fanari P, Mauro A. Psychological Well-Being in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Associated With Obesity: The Relationship With Personality, Cognitive Functioning, and Subjective and Objective Sleep Quality. Front Psychol 2021; 12:588767. [PMID: 33679512 PMCID: PMC7933550 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.588767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome severely affects psychological well-being. This syndrome frequently occurs in obesity; however, no previous study has investigated the level of psychological well-being in the case of OSA syndrome associated with obesity. In this work, we assessed the level of psychological well-being in fifty-two individuals affected by OSA syndrome and obesity through the Psychological General Well-Being Index. Moreover, we investigated the role of personality, cognitive functioning and attentional capabilities, subjective perception and objective measurement about sleeping, on the subjective perception of psychological well-being. Our sample reported a lower level of psychological well-being; the participants' scores were below the normative cut-off in all components, except for depression symptoms. A lower expression of harm avoidance temperament and a lower level of daily sleepiness predicted a higher level of psychological well-being. Psychological well-being seemed to be severely affected in individuals affected by OSA syndrome and obesity. The temperament and subjective perception of daily alertness and sleepiness, rather than the syndrome severity, seemed to play a crucial role in the individual perception of the psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Scarpina
- IRCCS, U.O. di Neurologia e Neuroriabilitazione, Ospedale S. Giuseppe, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piancavallo, Italy
- “Rita Levi Montalcini” Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bastoni
- Laboratorio di Psicologia, IRCCS, Ospedale S. Giuseppe, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Simone Cappelli
- Laboratorio di Psicologia, IRCCS, Ospedale S. Giuseppe, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Priano
- IRCCS, U.O. di Neurologia e Neuroriabilitazione, Ospedale S. Giuseppe, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piancavallo, Italy
- “Rita Levi Montalcini” Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Emanuela Giacomotti
- IRCCS, U.O. di Neurologia e Neuroriabilitazione, Ospedale S. Giuseppe, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Laboratorio di Psicologia, IRCCS, Ospedale S. Giuseppe, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piancavallo, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Molinari
- Laboratorio di Psicologia, IRCCS, Ospedale S. Giuseppe, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piancavallo, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Cornacchia
- IRCCS, U.O. di Riabilitazione Pneumologica, Ospedale S. Giuseppe, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Paolo Fanari
- IRCCS, U.O. di Riabilitazione Pneumologica, Ospedale S. Giuseppe, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mauro
- IRCCS, U.O. di Neurologia e Neuroriabilitazione, Ospedale S. Giuseppe, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Piancavallo, Italy
- “Rita Levi Montalcini” Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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He ZH, Li MD, Liu CJ, Ma XY. Relationship between body image, anxiety, food-specific inhibitory control, and emotional eating in young women with abdominal obesity: a comparative cross-sectional study. Arch Public Health 2021; 79:11. [PMID: 33494827 PMCID: PMC7831248 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-021-00526-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal fat deposition is a key component of obesity, which is associated with an increased risk for a number of mental disorders. The current study aims to explore the relationship between body image, anxiety, food-specific inhibitory control, and emotional eating in young women with abdominal obesity. METHOD A total of 224 participants were recruited: 168 were non-abdominal obesity and 56 were abdominal obesity. Participants completed the following questionnaires and behavioral tests: the Body Mass Index (BMI) -based Silhouette-Matching Test (SMT), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Food Stop Signal Task (SST), the Emotional Eating Scale (EES). RESULTS Abdominal obesity women had significantly higher levels of trait anxiety, cognitive difference, expectational difference in body image but lower self-reported emotional eating level compared to the control group. Anxiety mediated the relationship between cognitive difference of body image and depression eating in young females with abdominal obesity. In addition, only among abdominal obesity individuals, expectational difference of body image were significantly and positively correlated with food-specific inhibitory control and trait/state anxiety. CONCLUSION The findings suggest it is of critical importance to promote a healthy body image recognition and expectation and improve mood regulation for young females with abdominal obesity high in trait anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Hua He
- School of Journalism and New Media, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Ming-De Li
- School of Journalism and New Media, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chan-Jun Liu
- School of Journalism and New Media, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Yue Ma
- School of Journalism and New Media, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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30
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Ng JS, Chin KY. Potential mechanisms linking psychological stress to bone health. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:604-614. [PMID: 33437195 PMCID: PMC7797546 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.50680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic psychological stress affects many body systems, including the skeleton, through various mechanisms. This review aims to provide an overview of the factors mediating the relationship between psychological stress and bone health. These factors can be divided into physiological and behavioural changes induced by psychological stress. The physiological factors involve endocrinological changes, such as increased glucocorticoids, prolactin, leptin and parathyroid hormone levels and reduced gonadal hormones. Low-grade inflammation and hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system during psychological stress are also physiological changes detrimental to bone health. The behavioural changes during mental stress, such as altered dietary pattern, cigarette smoking, alcoholism and physical inactivity, also threaten the skeletal system. Psychological stress may be partly responsible for epigenetic regulation of skeletal development. It may also mediate the relationship between socioeconomic status and bone health. However, more direct evidence is required to prove these hypotheses. In conclusion, chronic psychological stress should be recognised as a risk factor of osteoporosis and stress-coping methods should be incorporated as part of the comprehensive osteoporosis-preventing strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Sheng Ng
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Malaysia
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31
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Zhou Y, Yang G, Peng W, Zhang H, Peng Z, Ding N, Guo T, Cai Y, Deng Q, Chai X. Relationship between Depression Symptoms and Different Types of Measures of Obesity (BMI, SAD) in US Women. Behav Neurol 2020; 2020:9624106. [PMID: 33299495 PMCID: PMC7705436 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9624106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the relationship between obesity (defined by both BMI and SAD) and various levels of depressive symptoms in women in the United States. METHODS This is a cross-sectional design. All data were collected from NHANES 2011-2012 and 2013-2014. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was the primary variable used to index depressive symptoms. SAD was assessed using an abdominal caliper. We stratified participates into three groups according to SAD (trisection): T1: low (11.8-18.4 cm), T2: middle (18.5-22.8 cm), and T3: high (22.9-40.1 cm). Other data were collected following the NHANES protocols. We aimed to investigate the effects of obesity on the depression in the NHANES populations. RESULTS A total of 4477 women were enrolled in the final study population. Participants with a high SAD had the highest risk of clinical depression symptoms (OR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1-1.4), which was, in particular, the case for moderate-severe depression (OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.7) and severe depression (OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.0-1.9). We also found a significant relationship between SAD and BMI (r = 0.836). We did, however, not find a significant relationship between BMI and severe depression. CONCLUSIONS SAD had a better correlation with clinical depression symptoms than BMI, especially regarding severe depression symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guifang Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Peng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenyu Peng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuzhong Cai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qijian Deng
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangping Chai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Emergency Medicine and Difficult Diseases Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Lincoln KD. Race, Obesity, and Mental Health Among Older Adults in the United States: A Literature Review. Innov Aging 2020; 4:igaa031. [PMID: 32923693 PMCID: PMC7477914 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igaa031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rising rates of obesity among older adults in the United States are a serious public health concern. While the physical health consequences of obesity are well documented, the mental health consequences are less understood. This is especially the case among older adults in general and among racial and ethnic minority older adults in particular. Available studies document a link between obesity and a variety of mental health disorders. However, findings from this body of evidence are inconsistent, especially when race and ethnicity are considered. This article examines research on obesity and mental health among older adults and identifies risk factors, causal mechanisms, and methodological approaches that help clarify the equivocal nature of the literature. Promising research and future directions include studies that consider a wide array of contextual factors and population heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen D Lincoln
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
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33
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Farshbaf-Khalili A, Alizadeh M, Hajebrahimi S, Ostadrahimi A, Malakouti J, Salehi-Pourmehr H. Pre-natal and post-natal anxiety in relation to pre-pregnancy obesity: A cohort study on Iranian pregnant women. CASPIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2020; 11:250-258. [PMID: 32874431 PMCID: PMC7442456 DOI: 10.22088/cjim.11.3.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: To determine the association between pre-conception obesity and screening results of pre-natal and post-natal anxiety in women that referred to the health centers of Tabriz, Iran. Methods: 62 obese (class 2-3) and 245 normal-weight women were enrolled in the first trimester of pregnancy through the cohort study and followed-up 1 year after childbirth from December 2012 to January 2016. The Beck anxiety inventory scale (BAI-II) was completed in five time points: the first, second, third trimester of pregnancy, 6–8 weeks and 12 months after childbirth. Chi-square, Fisher’s exact tests, Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, and multivariate logistic regression adjusted for confounders were used for data analysis. Statistically significant was considered as p<0.05. Results: The rate of moderate to severe anxiety in 1st, 2nd, 3rd trimesters of gestation, 6–8 weeks and 12 months after birth was 8.6%, 10%, 12.6%, 7.8%, 6.5% in normal weight women versus 18%, 17.9%, 19.2%, 12.5%, 19.4% in obese class II women, respectively. The odds of anxiety in the first trimester of pregnancy for class 2–3 obesity was 2.72-fold greater than normal weight group [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14–6.47; p=0.023]. This odd was 3.30- fold (aOR 3.30, 95%CI 1.13-9.60; p=0.045) for 1 year after birth. Conclusion: Obesity remained associated with positive screening for anxiety in the first trimester of pregnancy and one year after birth. Obese women more likely require special medical care during their pregnancy due to its impacts on mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizeh Farshbaf-Khalili
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz, IR Iran
| | | | - Sakineh Hajebrahimi
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Jamileh Malakouti
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The question whether food choice and eating behavior influence the mood or are influenced by the mood has been inquisitive to scientists and researchers. The purpose of this review is to support or refuse the argument that mood is affected by food or vice versa. RECENT FINDINGS The association between food and mood has been comprehensively elucidated in this review based on several studies that include participants from different ages, cultural backgrounds, and health status. The correlation among food, mood, and diseases such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and depression was thoroughly investigated. The effect of different foods and nutrients on the mood was further explained. It is concluded that the mood significantly affects food intake and food choices. On the other hand, food also influences the mood, which affects the diseases either positively or negatively. Appropriate food choices play a significant role in mood enhancement. Advertisement is another crucial factor that negatively affects food choices and mood and contributes to many diseases. Understanding the interaction between food and mood can help to prevent or alleviate undesired health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Welayah A AlAmmar
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima H Albeesh
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabie Y Khattab
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
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35
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European Psychiatric Association (EPA) guidance on prevention of mental disorders. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 27:68-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2011.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThere is considerable evidence that various psychiatric conditions can be prevented through the implementation of effective evidence-based interventions. Since a large proportion of lifetime mental illness starts before adulthood, such interventions are particularly important during childhood and adolescence. Prevention is important for the sustainable reduction of the burden of mental disorder since once it has arisen, treatment can only reduce a relatively small proportion of such burden. The challenge for clinicians is to incorporate such interventions into non-clinical and clinical practice as well as engaging with a range of other service providers including public health. Similar strategies can be employed in both the European and global contexts. Promotion of mental well-being can prevent mental disorder but is also important in the recovery from mental disorder. This guidance should be read in conjunction with the EPA Guidance on Mental Health Promotion. This guidance draws on preparatory work for the development of England policy on prevention of mental disorder which used a wide range of sources.
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Alshehri T, Boone S, de Mutsert R, Penninx B, Rosendaal F, le Cessie S, Milaneschi Y, Mook-Kanamori D. The association between overall and abdominal adiposity and depressive mood: A cross-sectional analysis in 6459 participants. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 110:104429. [PMID: 31526909 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the association between measures of adiposity with depressive mood and specific depressive symptoms. METHODS This study was performed in the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity (NEO) study, a population-based study that consists of 6671 middle-aged individuals. We examined the association between measures of overall adiposity (BMI and total body fat), and abdominal adiposity (waist circumference and visceral adipose tissue), with depressive mood severity subgroups and 30 depressive symptoms. Multinomial logistic regression was performed adjusting for potential confounding. RESULTS Measures of adiposity were associated with depressive mood in a graded fashion. Total body fat showed the strongest association with mild (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.59 per standard deviation, 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 1.41-1.80) and moderate to very severe (OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.59-2.44) depressive mood. Regarding individual symptoms of depressive mood, total body fat was associated with most depressive symptoms (strongest associations for hyperphagia and fatigability). CONCLUSIONS In the general population, overall and abdominal adiposity measures were associated with depressive mood. This association encompasses most of the depressive symptoms and appeared to be the strongest with specific ''atypical'' neurovegetative symptoms, which may be an indication of an alteration in the energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahani Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Sebastiaan Boone
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Brenda Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, VU, the Netherlands
| | - Frits Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia le Cessie
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, VU, the Netherlands; GGZ inGeest, Research & Innovation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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The brain-adipocyte-gut network: Linking obesity and depression subtypes. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 18:1121-1144. [PMID: 30112671 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-018-0626-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and obesity are dominant and inter-related health burdens. Obesity is a risk factor for MDD, and there is evidence MDD increases risk of obesity. However, description of a bidirectional relationship between obesity and MDD is misleading, as closer examination reveals distinct unidirectional relationships in MDD subtypes. MDD is frequently associated with weight loss, although obesity promotes MDD. In contrast, MDD with atypical features (MDD-AF) is characterised by subsequent weight gain and obesity. The bases of these distinct associations remain to be detailed, with conflicting findings clouding interpretation. These associations can be viewed within a systems biology framework-the psycho-immune neuroendocrine (PINE) network shared between MDD and metabolic disorders. Shared PINE subsystem perturbations may underlie increased MDD in overweight and obese people (obesity-associated depression), while obesity in MDD-AF (depression-associated obesity) involves more complex interactions between behavioural and biomolecular changes. In the former, the chronic PINE dysfunction triggering MDD is augmented by obesity-dependent dysregulation in shared networks, including inflammatory, leptin-ghrelin, neuroendocrine, and gut microbiome systems, influenced by chronic image-associated psychological stress (particularly in younger or female patients). In MDD-AF, behavioural dysregulation, including hypersensitivity to interpersonal rejection, fundamentally underpins energy imbalance (involving hyperphagia, lethargy, hypersomnia), with evolving obesity exaggerating these drivers via positive feedback (and potentially augmenting PINE disruption). In both settings, sex and age are important determinants of outcome, associated with differences in emotional versus cognitive dysregulation. A systems biology approach is recommended for further research into the pathophysiological networks underlying MDD and linking depression and obesity.
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Hong SM. Response: Relationships among Body Mass Index, Body Image, and Depression in Korean Adults: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014 and 2016 (J Obes Metab Syndr 2019;28:61-8). J Obes Metab Syndr 2019; 28:210-211. [PMID: 31583387 PMCID: PMC6774450 DOI: 10.7570/jomes.2019.28.3.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Min Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Bell CN, Kerr J, Young JL. Associations between Obesity, Obesogenic Environments, and Structural Racism Vary by County-Level Racial Composition. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16050861. [PMID: 30857286 PMCID: PMC6427384 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16050861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Obesity rates in the U.S. are associated with area-level, food-related characteristics. Studies have previously examined the role of structural racism (policies/practices that advantaged White Americans and deprived other racial/ethnic minority groups), but racial inequalities in socioeconomic status (SES) is a novel indicator. The aim of this study is to determine the associations between racial inequalities in SES with obesity and obesogenic environments. Data from 2007–2014 County Health Rankings and 2012–2016 County Business Patterns were combined to assess the associations between relative SES comparing Blacks to Whites with obesity, and number of grocery stores and fast food restaurants in U.S. counties. Random effects linear and Poisson regressions were used and stratified by county racial composition. Racial inequality in poverty, unemployment, and homeownership were associated with higher obesity rates. Racial inequality in median income, college graduates, and unemployment were associated with fewer grocery stores and more fast food restaurants. Associations varied by county racial composition. The results demonstrate that a novel indicator of structural racism on the county-level is associated with obesity and obesogenic environments. Associations vary by SES measure and county racial composition, suggesting the ability for targeted interventions to improve obesogenic environments and policies to eliminate racial inequalities in SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caryn N Bell
- Department of African American Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20724, USA.
| | - Jordan Kerr
- School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20724, USA.
| | - Jessica L Young
- Department of Health Studies, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
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Li C, Hou Y, Zhang J, Sui G, Du X, Licinio J, Wong ML, Yang Y. AGRP neurons modulate fasting-induced anxiolytic effects. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:111. [PMID: 30850579 PMCID: PMC6408535 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0438-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that activation of hypothalamic Agouti-related protein (Agrp) neurons can increase forage-related/repetitive behavior and decrease anxiety levels. However, the impact of physiological hunger states and food deprivation on anxiety-related behaviors have not been clarified. In the present study, we evaluated changes in anxiety levels induced by physiological hunger states and food deprivation, and identified the neuron population involved. Ad libitum fed and fasted mice were tested in the open field and elevated plus-maze behavioral tests. The DREADD approach was applied to selectively inhibit and stimulate neurons expressing Agrp in hypothalamic arcuate nucleus in Agrp-Cre transgenic mice. We found that anxiety levels were significantly reduced in the late light period when mice have increased need for food and increased Agrp neurons firing, in contrast to the levels in the early light period. Consistently, we also found that anxiety was potently reduced in 24-h fasted mice, relative to 12-h fasted mice or fed ad libitum. Mechanistically, we found that chemogenetic activation of Agrp neurons reduced anxiety in fed mice, and inactivation of Agrp neurons reduced fasting-induced anxiolytic effects. Our results suggest that anxiety levels may vary physiologically with the increasing need for food, and are influenced by acute fasting in a time-dependent manner. Agrp neurons contribute to fasting-induced anxiolytic effects, supporting the notion that Agrp neuron may serve as an entry point for the treatment of energy states-related anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Li
- grid.464200.4Department of Neurology, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Haidian Qu, Beijing PR China ,0000 0000 9159 4457grid.411023.5Department of Neuroscience, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York USA
| | - Yanjun Hou
- 0000000121791997grid.251993.5Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York USA
| | - Jia Zhang
- 0000000121791997grid.251993.5Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York USA ,0000 0001 2189 3846grid.207374.5Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Guangzhi Sui
- 0000000121791997grid.251993.5Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York USA
| | - Xueliang Du
- 0000000121791997grid.251993.5Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York USA
| | - Julio Licinio
- 0000 0000 9159 4457grid.411023.5Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York USA
| | - Ma-Li Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.
| | - Yunlei Yang
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA. .,Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA. .,The Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.
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Bell CN, Walton QL, Thomas CS. Race and income moderate the association between depressive symptoms and obesity. Prev Med 2019; 119:1-6. [PMID: 30521832 PMCID: PMC7382953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Complex interrelationships between race, sex, obesity and depression have been well-documented. Because of differences in associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and health by race, determining the role of SES may help to further explicate these relationships. The aim of this study was to determine how race and income interact with obesity on depression. Combining data from the 2007-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, depressive symptoms was measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and obesity was assessed as body mass index ≥30 kg/m2. Three-way interactions between race, income and obesity on depressive symptoms were determined using ordered regression models. Significant interactions between race, middle income and obesity (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.22-1.96) suggested that, among white women, obesity is positively associated with depressive symptoms across income levels, while obesity was not associated with depression for African American women at any income level. Obesity was only associated with depressive symptoms among middle-income white men (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.02-2.03) and among high-income African American men (OR = 4.65, 95% CI = 1.48-14.59). The associations between obesity and depressive symptoms vary greatly by race and income. Findings from this study underscore the importance of addressing obesity and depression among higher income African American men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caryn N Bell
- Department of African American Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, United States of America.
| | - Quenette L Walton
- University of Houston Graduate College of Social Work, United States of America
| | - Courtney S Thomas
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, United States of America
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Baldofski S, Mauche N, Dogan-Sander E, Bot M, Brouwer IA, Paans NPG, Cabout M, Gili M, van Grootheest G, Hegerl U, Owens M, Roca M, Visser M, Watkins E, Penninx BWJH, Kohls E. Depressive Symptom Clusters in Relation to Body Weight Status: Results From Two Large European Multicenter Studies. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:858. [PMID: 31824355 PMCID: PMC6882291 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is strong evidence for a bidirectional association between depression and obesity. Several biological, psychological, and behavior-related factors may influence this complex association. Clinical impression and preliminary evidence suggest that patients with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder may endorse very different depressive symptom patterns depending on their body weight status. Until now, little is known about potential differences in depressive symptoms in relation to body weight status. Objective: The aim of this analysis is the investigation of potential differences in depressive symptom clusters (mood symptoms, somatic/vegetative symptoms, and cognitive symptoms) in relation to body weight status. Methods: Cross-sectional baseline data were derived from two large European multicenter studies: the MooDFOOD Trial and the NESDA cohort study, including persons with overweight and obesity and normal weight reporting subthreshold depressive symptoms (assessment via Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report, IDS-SR30). Different measures for body weight status [waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI)] were examined. Propensity score matching was performed and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. Results: A total of n = 504 individuals (73.0% women) were analyzed. Results show that more somatic/vegetative depressive symptoms, such as pain, change in appetite and weight, gastrointestinal symptoms, and arousal-related symptoms, were significantly associated with both a higher BMI and higher WHR, respectively. In addition, being male and older age were significantly associated with higher WHR. Mood and cognitive depressive symptoms did not yield significant associations for both body weight status measures. Conclusions: Somatic/vegetative symptoms and not mood and cognitive symptoms of depression are associated with body weight status. Thus, the results support previous findings of heterogeneous depressive symptoms in relation to body weight status. In addition to BMI, other body weight status measures for obesity should be taken into account in future studies. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02529423.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Baldofski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole Mauche
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ezgi Dogan-Sander
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mariska Bot
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg A Brouwer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nadine P G Paans
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mieke Cabout
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Margarita Gili
- Institut Universitari d' Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS/IDISPA), Rediapp, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Gerard van Grootheest
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Hegerl
- Depression Research Centre, German Depression Foundation, Leipzig, Germany.,Senckenberg-Professorship, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt-Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Matthew Owens
- Department of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Miquel Roca
- Institut Universitari d' Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS/IDISPA), Rediapp, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Marjolein Visser
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ed Watkins
- Department of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Kohls
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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van Dammen L, Wekker V, de Rooij SR, Groen H, Hoek A, Roseboom TJ. A systematic review and meta-analysis of lifestyle interventions in women of reproductive age with overweight or obesity: the effects on symptoms of depression and anxiety. Obes Rev 2018; 19:1679-1687. [PMID: 30155959 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a rising problem, especially among women of reproductive age. Overweight and obesity reduce both physical and mental health. Lifestyle interventions could have beneficial effects on both, but an overview of the effects on mental health, especially in women of reproductive age, is currently lacking. Therefore, the aim of this review was to assess the effect of lifestyle interventions on symptoms of depression and anxiety in women of reproductive age with overweight or obesity. The databases MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO were searched from inception to June 2018 for published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We included lifestyle intervention RCTs in women of reproductive age with overweight or obesity that assessed effects on symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. The difference between baseline and post-intervention scores on symptoms of depression and anxiety for the intervention and control group was analysed. Meta-analysis was performed with a random effects model. The search resulted in 5,316 citations, and after screening five RCTs were included, in which 571 women were randomized. The effect of lifestyle interventions on depression scores was investigated among 224 women from five RCTs. The pooled estimate for the mean difference was -1.35 (95% CI, -2.36 to -0.35, p = 0.008). The effect of lifestyle interventions on anxiety levels was studied among 148 women from four RCTs, resulting in a pooled estimate of -1.74 (-2.62 to -0.87, p < 0.001). Based on five RCTs, meta-analyses showed that lifestyle interventions in women of reproductive age with overweight or obesity consistently reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- L van Dammen
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - V Wekker
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S R de Rooij
- Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H Groen
- Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Hoek
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - T J Roseboom
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Eitle D, Eitle TM. Obesity, Overweightness, and Depressive Symptomology Among American Indian Youth. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2018; 5:1305-1314. [PMID: 29524181 PMCID: PMC6129431 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-018-0479-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite evidence that American Indian adolescents are at a heightened risk of obesity/overweightness and experiencing depression, relative to other groups, there exists a dearth of studies that have examined the association between objective and perceptual measures of obesity and overweightness and depression with this understudied group. Our study represents one of the first studies to examine this association among American Indian youth. METHODS Using a subsample of American Indian youth from waves I and II of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (a survey of schools and students in the USA, with wave I collected in 1994 and wave II collected in 1995), we explore this association. We examine three measures of weight: obesity, body mass index, and weight perception. We also consider gender-specific models and a subsample of non-Hispanic whites, in order to assess race differences in the obesity and overweightness-depression relationship. RESULTS Our findings reveal that neither of our objective measures of weight, obesity, nor body mass index are significant predictors of depressive symptoms for either American Indian or white youth. However, we find evidence that the subjective measure of weight perception is a significant predictor of depressive symptoms for white females, but not for American Indian females. CONCLUSIONS Our results contribute to past findings that measures of obesity/overweightness weight may be more important to white female's mental health than females from other racial groups, although additional research is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Eitle
- Montana State University Bozeman, Bozeman, MT, USA.
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45
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Molina KM, Estrella ML, Rivera-Olmedo N, Frisard C, Lemon S, Rosal MC. It Weigh(t)s on You: Everyday Discrimination and Adiposity Among Latinos. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:1474-1480. [PMID: 30175908 PMCID: PMC6159926 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence suggests discrimination increases the risk of obesity. The biopsychosocial model of racism posits that psychological factors such as depressive symptoms may link experiences of perceived interpersonal discrimination to obesity. This study tested whether self-reported experiences of everyday discrimination were associated with adiposity indicators and whether depressive symptoms explained these associations. METHODS Cross-sectional survey data of 602 Latino adults living in Lawrence, Massachusetts, from the Latino Health and Well-being Project (2011-2013) were used. Participants completed questionnaires assessing perceived everyday discrimination and depressive symptoms. Anthropometric measures (i.e., BMI and waist circumference [WC]) were obtained by trained staff. Structural equation modeling was employed to test for direct and indirect effects of perceived everyday discrimination on adiposity. RESULTS Perceived everyday discrimination was directly and positively associated with higher BMI and WC, independent of sociodemographic factors, physical activity, and stressful life events. Perceived everyday discrimination was not indirectly associated with BMI and WC through depressive symptoms. However, perceived everyday discrimination was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Self-reported everyday discrimination among Latino adults is associated with adiposity. Day-to-day interpersonal discrimination may be implicated in obesity disparities for Latino adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine M Molina
- Department of Psychology, Community and Prevention Research Program, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mayra L Estrella
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Noemi Rivera-Olmedo
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christine Frisard
- Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephenie Lemon
- Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Milagros C Rosal
- Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Annesi JJ. Changes in weight, physical activity and its theory-based psychosocial correlates within an adolescent bariatric clinic: contrasts with adults with extreme obesity. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2018; 32:/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2018-0011/ijamh-2018-0011.xml. [PMID: 29953406 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2018-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Albeit their practical implications, psychosocial correlates of physical activity and related weight loss in the treatment of extreme obesity have been only sparsely addressed in adults; and even more minimally focused upon in adolescents. This research contrasted results of a 6-month social cognitive theory-based physical activity-support protocol along with standard nutrition counseling in groups of adolescents (n = 19; agemean = 15.4 years) and adults (n = 26, agemean = 44.7 years) with class 3 (extreme) obesity [overall body mass index (BMI)mean = 53.4 kg/m2, standard deviation (SD) = 8.2]. Although baseline total mood disturbance scores were significantly greater in both groups when contrasted with age-corresponding normative values, between-group scores did not significantly differ. BMI and physical activity changes over 3 and 6 months were significantly more favorable in the adult group. There were significant overall improvements in exercise self-efficacy, physical activity self-regulation and total mood disturbance scores, however, the self-efficacy and self-regulation increases were significant in only the adult group. Inverse relationships between changes in physical activity and BMI were stronger in the adult group. Regardless of group, simultaneous entry of changes in exercise self-efficacy, physical activity self-regulation and total mood disturbance scores, over both 3 and 6 months, significantly predicted physical activity changes (R2-values = 0.45-0.75, p-values < 0.001). In each model, self-regulation change was the most salient of those three psychosocial predictors. Although findings suggested that psychosocial correlates of physical activity, leading to weight change, are similar in adolescents and adults with extreme obesity, facilitation of larger effect sizes and/or foci on additional theory-based determinants may be required for clinically meaningful treatment outcomes in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Annesi
- YMCA of Metro Atlanta and Kennesaw State University, 101 Marietta StreetAtlanta, GA 30303, United States of America
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Association of sarcopenia with depressive symptoms and functional status among ambulatory community-dwelling elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2018; 76:196-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs9939609 polymorphism modifies the relationship between body mass index and affective symptoms through the life course: a prospective birth cohort study. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:62. [PMID: 29531329 PMCID: PMC5847566 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0110-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although bi-directional relationships between high body mass index (BMI) and affective symptoms have been found, no study has investigated the relationships across the life course. There has also been little exploration of whether the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) rs9939609 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated with affective symptoms and/or modifies the relationship between BMI and affective symptoms. In the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD), 4556 participants had at least one measure of BMI and affective symptoms between ages 11 and 60-64 years. A structural equation modelling framework was used with the BMI trajectory fitted as latent variables representing BMI at 11, and adolescent (11-20 years), early adulthood (20-36 years) and midlife (36-53 years) change in BMI. Higher levels of adolescent emotional problems were associated with greater increases in adult BMI and greater increases in early adulthood BMI were associated with higher subsequent levels of affective symptoms in women. The rs9939609 risk variant (A allele) from 2469 participants with DNA genotyping at age 53 years showed mostly protective effect modification of these relationship. Increases in adolescent and early adulthood BMI were generally not associated with, or were associated with lower levels, of affective symptoms in the FTO risk homozygote (AA) group, but positive associations were seen in the TT group. These results suggest bi-directional relationships between higher BMI and affective symptoms across the life course in women, and that the relationship could be ameliorated by rs9939609 risk variant.
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Gazdzinska AP, Gazdzinski SP, Jagielski P, Wylezol M. Health Behaviors of Patients Qualified for Bariatric Surgery: The Role of Excess Body Weight, Age, and Depressive Symptoms. Bariatr Surg Pract Patient Care 2018. [DOI: 10.1089/bari.2017.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Agata P. Gazdzinska
- Department of Nutrition and Obesity, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stefan P. Gazdzinski
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Jagielski
- Human Nutrition Department, Faculty of Health Science, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mariusz Wylezol
- Department of Surgery, Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
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Luck-Sikorski C, Schomerus G, Jochum T, Riedel-Heller SG. Layered stigma? Co-occurring depression and obesity in the public eye. J Psychosom Res 2018; 106:29-33. [PMID: 29455896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity and depression are common conditions in the general public and show a high level of co-morbidity. Both conditions are stigmatized, i.e., associated with negative attitudes and discrimination. Previous research shows that devalued conditions can overlap or combine to produce a layered stigma which is associated with more negative health outcomes than either single devalued condition alone. This study therefore set out to investigate the double stigma of obesity and depression. METHODS A telephone-based representative study of the German population was conducted. Vignettes describing women with obesity, depression or both conditions were presented, followed by a set of items on semantic differentials based on previous stigma research of depression (depression stigma DS) and obesity (Fat Phobia Scale FPS). Personal experience with depression and obesity was assessed. RESULTS All comparisons were significant in univariate ANOVA, showing negative attitudes measured by the FPS and the DS to be most pronounced in the double stigma condition. Multivariate analysis, controlling for age, gender, education and personal experience with the stigma condition (e.g. having obesity or depression), show that the double stigma obesity and depression is associated to more negative attitudes on the FPS (b=0.163, p<0.001) and the DS (b=0.154, p=0.002) compared to the single-stigma condition. CONCLUSIONS The magnitude of the layered stigma of obesity and depression may need to be considered in mental health settings when treating the depressed patient with obesity, but likewise in obesity care when treating the obese patient with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Luck-Sikorski
- Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) AdiposityDiseases, University Hospital Leipzig, Germany; SRH University of Applied Health Sciences, Gera, Germany.
| | - Georg Schomerus
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; HELIOS Hanseklinikum Stralsund, Stralsund, Germany
| | - Thomas Jochum
- Department of Psychiatry, SRH Hospital, Gera, Germany
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Germany
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