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Fang H, Ren W, Cui Q, Liang H, Yang C, Liu W, Wang X, Liu X, Shi Y, Feng J, Chen C. Integrin β4 promotes DNA damage-related drug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer via TNFAIP2/IQGAP1/RAC1. eLife 2023; 12:RP88483. [PMID: 37787041 PMCID: PMC10547475 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-tumor drug resistance is a challenge for human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment. Our previous work demonstrated that TNFAIP2 activates RAC1 to promote TNBC cell proliferation and migration. However, the mechanism by which TNFAIP2 activates RAC1 is unknown. In this study, we found that TNFAIP2 interacts with IQGAP1 and Integrin β4. Integrin β4 activates RAC1 through TNFAIP2 and IQGAP1 and confers DNA damage-related drug resistance in TNBC. These results indicate that the Integrin β4/TNFAIP2/IQGAP1/RAC1 axis provides potential therapeutic targets to overcome DNA damage-related drug resistance in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Fang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, YunnanChina
- Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, YunnanChina
| | - Wenlong Ren
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, YunnanChina
- School of Life Science, University of Science & Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Qiuxia Cui
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, YunnanChina
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityGuangdongChina
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeShenzhenChina
| | - Huichun Liang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, YunnanChina
| | - Chuanyu Yang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, YunnanChina
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, YunnanChina
| | - Xinye Wang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, YunnanChina
| | - Xue Liu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital South CampusShanghaiChina
| | - Yujie Shi
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jing Feng
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital South CampusShanghaiChina
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen)ShenzhenChina
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhouChina
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming, YunnanChina
- Academy of Biomedical Engineering, Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingChina
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2
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Mo ZW, Peng YM, Zhang YX, Li Y, Kang BA, Chen YT, Li L, Sorci-Thomas MG, Lin YJ, Cao Y, Chen S, Liu ZL, Gao JJ, Huang ZP, Zhou JG, Wang M, Chang GQ, Deng MJ, Liu YJ, Ma ZS, Hu ZJ, Dong YG, Ou ZJ, Ou JS. High-density lipoprotein regulates angiogenesis by long non-coding RNA HDRACA. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:299. [PMID: 37574469 PMCID: PMC10423722 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01558-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal high-density lipoprotein (nHDL) can induce angiogenesis in healthy individuals. However, HDL from patients with coronary artery disease undergoes various modifications, becomes dysfunctional (dHDL), and loses its ability to promote angiogenesis. Here, we identified a long non-coding RNA, HDRACA, that is involved in the regulation of angiogenesis by HDL. In this study, we showed that nHDL downregulates the expression of HDRACA in endothelial cells by activating WW domain-containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2, which catalyzes the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of its transcription factor, Kruppel-like factor 5, via sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor 1. In contrast, dHDL with lower levels of S1P than nHDL were much less effective in decreasing the expression of HDRACA. HDRACA was able to bind to Ras-interacting protein 1 (RAIN) to hinder the interaction between RAIN and vigilin, which led to an increase in the binding between the vigilin protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) mRNA, resulting in a decrease in the expression of PCNA and inhibition of angiogenesis. The expression of human HDRACA in a hindlimb ischemia mouse model inhibited the recovery of angiogenesis. Taken together, these findings suggest that HDRACA is involved in the HDL regulation of angiogenesis, which nHDL inhibits the expression of HDRACA to induce angiogenesis, and that dHDL is much less effective in inhibiting HDRACA expression, which provides an explanation for the decreased ability of dHDL to stimulate angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Mo
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Ming Peng
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zhang
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bi-Ang Kang
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Ting Chen
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Li
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Yi-Jun Lin
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si Chen
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Long Liu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Jun Gao
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhan-Peng Huang
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Guo Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mian Wang
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Qi Chang
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Jie Deng
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Jia Liu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Sheng Ma
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuo-Jun Hu
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Gang Dong
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Ou
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
- Division of Hypertension and Vascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jing-Song Ou
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R. China.
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3
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Yang Y, Bhargava D, Chen X, Zhou T, Dursuk G, Jiang W, Wang J, Zong Z, Katz SI, Lomberk GA, Urrutia RA, Katz JP. KLF5 and p53 comprise an incoherent feed-forward loop directing cell-fate decisions following stress. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:299. [PMID: 37130837 PMCID: PMC10154356 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05731-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In response to stress, cells make a critical decision to arrest or undergo apoptosis, mediated in large part by the tumor suppressor p53. Yet the mechanisms of these cell fate decisions remain largely unknown, particularly in normal cells. Here, we define an incoherent feed-forward loop in non-transformed human squamous epithelial cells involving p53 and the zinc-finger transcription factor KLF5 that dictates responses to differing levels of cellular stress from UV irradiation or oxidative stress. In normal unstressed human squamous epithelial cells, KLF5 complexes with SIN3A and HDAC2 repress TP53, allowing cells to proliferate. With moderate stress, this complex is disrupted, and TP53 is induced; KLF5 then acts as a molecular switch for p53 function by transactivating AKT1 and AKT3, which direct cells toward survival. By contrast, severe stress results in KLF5 loss, such that AKT1 and AKT3 are not induced, and cells preferentially undergo apoptosis. Thus, in human squamous epithelial cells, KLF5 gates the response to UV or oxidative stress to determine the p53 output of growth arrest or apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizeng Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Dharmendra Bhargava
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Taicheng Zhou
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Gizem Dursuk
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Wenpeng Jiang
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jinshen Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Zhen Zong
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sharyn I Katz
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Gwen A Lomberk
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Raul A Urrutia
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
- Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Jonathan P Katz
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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4
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Liu W, Zheng M, Zhang R, Jiang Q, Du G, Wu Y, Yang C, Li F, Li W, Wang L, Wu J, Shi L, Li W, Zhang K, Zhou Z, Liu R, Gao Y, Huang X, Fan S, Zhi X, Jiang D, Chen C. RNF126-Mediated MRE11 Ubiquitination Activates the DNA Damage Response and Confers Resistance of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer to Radiotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2203884. [PMID: 36563124 PMCID: PMC9929257 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has higher molecular heterogeneity and metastatic potential and the poorest prognosis. Because of limited therapeutics against TNBC, irradiation (IR) therapy is still a common treatment option for patients with lymph nodes or brain metastasis. Thus, it is urgent to develop strategies to enhance the sensitivity of TNBC tumors to low-dose IR. Here, the authors report that E3 ubiquitin ligase Ring finger protein 126 (RNF126) is important for IR-induced ATR-CHK1 pathway activation to enhance DNA damage repair (DDR). Mechanistically, RNF126 physically associates with the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex and ubiquitinates MRE11 at K339 and K480 to increase its DNA exonuclease activity, subsequent RPA binding, and ATR phosphorylation, promoting sustained DDR in a homologous recombination repair-prone manner. Accordingly, depletion of RNF126 leads to increased genomic instability and radiation sensitivity in both TNBC cells and mice. Furthermore, it is found that RNF126 expression is induced by IR activating the HER2-AKT-NF-κB pathway and targeting RNF126 expression with dihydroartemisinin significantly improves the sensitivity of TNBC tumors in the brain to IR treatment in vivo. Together, these results reveal that RNF126-mediated MRE11 ubiquitination is a critical regulator of the DDR, which provides a promising target for improving the sensitivity of TNBC to radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China
- Kunming College of Life SciencesUniversity of the Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650204China
- The Third Affiliated HospitalKunming Medical UniversityKunming650118China
| | - Min Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China
- Kunming College of Life SciencesUniversity of the Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650204China
| | - Rou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China
| | - Qiuyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China
- Kunming College of Life SciencesUniversity of the Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650204China
| | - Guangshi Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China
- Kunming College of Life SciencesUniversity of the Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650204China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of the PathologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming650032China
| | - Chuanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China
- Kunming College of Life SciencesUniversity of the Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650204China
| | - Fubing Li
- Academy of Biomedical EngineeringKunming Medical UniversityKunming650500China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China
- Kunming College of Life SciencesUniversity of the Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650204China
| | - Luzhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China
- School of Life ScienceUniversity of Science & Technology of ChinaHefei230027China
| | - Jiao Wu
- The Third Affiliated HospitalKunming Medical UniversityKunming650118China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Wenhui Li
- The Third Affiliated HospitalKunming Medical UniversityKunming650118China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Zhongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China
- Translational Cancer Research CenterPeking University First HospitalBeijing100034China
| | - Yingzheng Gao
- Department of the Central LaboratorySecond Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming650032China
| | - Xinwei Huang
- Department of the Central LaboratorySecond Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming650032China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathologythe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha410000China
| | - Xu Zhi
- Center for Reproductive MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyPeking University Third HospitalBeijing100191China
| | - Dewei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China
- Kunming College of Life SciencesUniversity of the Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650204China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China
- The Third Affiliated HospitalKunming Medical UniversityKunming650118China
- Academy of Biomedical EngineeringKunming Medical UniversityKunming650500China
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5
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Palioura D, Lazou A, Drosatos K. Krüppel-like factor (KLF)5: An emerging foe of cardiovascular health. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 163:56-66. [PMID: 34653523 PMCID: PMC8816822 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are DNA-binding transcriptional factors, which regulate various pathways that pertain to development, metabolism and other cellular mechanisms. KLF5 was first cloned in 1993 and by 1999, it was reported as the intestinal-enriched KLF. Beyond findings that have associated KLF5 with normal development and cancer, it has been associated with various types of cardiovascular (CV) complications and regulation of metabolic pathways in the liver, heart, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Specifically, increased KLF5 expression has been linked with cardiomyopathy in diabetes, end-stage heart failure, and as well as in vascular atherosclerotic lesions. In this review article, we summarize research findings about transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation of KLF5, as well as the role of KLF5 in the biology of cells and organs that affect cardiovascular health either directly or indirectly. Finally, we propose KLF5 inhibition as an emerging approach for cardiovascular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Palioura
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA;,School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR, Greece
| | - Antigone Lazou
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Drosatos
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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6
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Yang S, Feng T, Li H. KLF5, a Novel Therapeutic Target in Squamous Cell Carcinoma. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:1503-1512. [PMID: 34931868 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are the most common ectodermal cancers, and result in more than 300,000 deaths per year. The Krüppel-like family of transcription factors play a critical role in cancer pathogenesis. The Krüppel-like factor 5 gene (KLF5), which is a member of Krüppel-like family, has been reported to promote cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the roles of KLF5 in different SCCs and the mechanisms by which KLF5 transcriptionally regulates its target gene expression in the pathogenesis and progression of SCCs. Due to its significant functions in cell proliferation and differentiation, KLF5 could be a novel diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for the treatment of SCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Feng
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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7
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Wang X, Qiu T, Wu Y, Yang C, Li Y, Du G, He Y, Liu W, Liu R, Chen CH, Shi Y, Pan J, Zhou J, Jiang D, Chen C. Arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 methylates and stabilizes KLF5 via decreasing its phosphorylation and ubiquitination to promote basal-like breast cancer. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2931-2945. [PMID: 33972717 PMCID: PMC8481478 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00793-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is an oncogenic factor that is highly expressed in basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) and promotes cell proliferation, survival, migration, stemness, and tumor growth; however, its posttranslational modifications are poorly defined. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is also an oncogene implicated in various carcinomas, including breast cancer. In this study, we found that PRMT5 interacts with KLF5 and catalyzes the di-methylation of KLF5 at Arginine 57 (R57) in a methyltransferase activity-dependent manner in BLBC cells. Depletion or pharmaceutical inhibition (using PJ-68) of PRMT5 decreased the expression of KLF5 and its downstream target genes in vitro and in vivo. PRMT5-induced KLF5R57me2 antagonizes GSK3β-mediated KLF5 phosphorylation and subsequently Fbw7-mediated KLF5 ubiquitination and coupled degradation. Functionally, PRMT5 promotes breast cancer stem cell maintenance and proliferation, at least partially, by stabilizing KLF5. PRMT5 and KLF5 protein levels were positively correlated in clinical BLBCs. Taken together, PRMT5 methylates KLF5 to prevent its phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and degradation, and thus promotes breast cancer stem cell maintenance and proliferation. These findings suggest that PRMT5 is a potential therapeutic target for BLBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ting Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chuanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Guangshi Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yaohui He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Rong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan-Huizi Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yujie Shi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingxuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Dewei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
- Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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8
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Wang H, Shi Y, Chen CH, Wen Y, Zhou Z, Yang C, Sun J, Du G, Wu J, Mao X, Liu R, Chen C. KLF5-induced lncRNA IGFL2-AS1 promotes basal-like breast cancer cell growth and survival by upregulating the expression of IGFL1. Cancer Lett 2021; 515:49-62. [PMID: 34052325 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is the most malignant subtype of breast cancer and has a poor prognosis. Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is an oncogenic transcription factor in BLBCs. The mechanism by which KLF5 promotes BLBC by regulating the transcription of lncRNAs has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we discovered that lncRNA IGFL2-AS1 is a downstream target gene of KLF5 and that IGFL2-AS1 mediates the pro-proliferation and pro-survival functions of KLF5. Additionally, we demonstrated that IGFL2-AS1 functions by upregulating the transcription of its neighboring gene IGFL1 via two independent mechanisms. On the one hand, nuclear IGFL2-AS1 promotes the formation of a KLF5/TEAD4 transcriptional complex at the IGFL1 gene enhancer. On the other hand, cytoplasmic IGFL2-AS1 inhibits the expression of miR4795-3p, which targets the IGFL1 gene. TNFα induces the expression of IGFL2-AS1 and IGFL1 through KLF5. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that IGFL2-AS1 and IGFL1 may serve as new therapeutic targets for BLBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Wang
- School of Life Science, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yujie Shi
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Chuan-Huizi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yi Wen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Zhongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Chuanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Guangshi Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jiao Wu
- Department of the Second Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650118, China
| | - Xiaoyun Mao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Translational Cancer Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.
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9
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Luo Y, Chen C. The roles and regulation of the KLF5 transcription factor in cancers. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:2097-2117. [PMID: 33811715 PMCID: PMC8177779 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel‐like factor 5 (KLF5) is a member of the KLF family. Recent studies have suggested that KLF5 regulates the expression of a large number of new target genes and participates in diverse cellular functions, such as stemness, proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and migration. In response to multiple signaling pathways, various transcriptional modulation and posttranslational modifications affect the expression level and activity of KLF5. Several transgenic mouse models have revealed the physiological and pathological functions of KLF5 in different cancers. Studies of KLF5 will provide prognostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and potential drugs for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Luo
- Medical Faculty of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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10
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Zhang B, Li Y, Wu Q, Xie L, Barwick B, Fu C, Li X, Wu D, Xia S, Chen J, Qian WP, Yang L, Osunkoya AO, Boise L, Vertino PM, Zhao Y, Li M, Chen HR, Kowalski J, Kucuk O, Zhou W, Dong JT. Acetylation of KLF5 maintains EMT and tumorigenicity to cause chemoresistant bone metastasis in prostate cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1714. [PMID: 33731701 PMCID: PMC7969754 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21976-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced prostate cancer (PCa) often develops bone metastasis, for which therapies are very limited and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We report that bone-borne TGF-β induces the acetylation of transcription factor KLF5 in PCa bone metastases, and acetylated KLF5 (Ac-KLF5) causes osteoclastogenesis and bone metastatic lesions by activating CXCR4, which leads to IL-11 secretion, and stimulating SHH/IL-6 paracrine signaling. While essential for maintaining the mesenchymal phenotype and tumorigenicity, Ac-KLF5 also causes resistance to docetaxel in tumors and bone metastases, which is overcome by targeting CXCR4 with FDA-approved plerixafor. Establishing a mechanism for bone metastasis and chemoresistance in PCa, these findings provide a rationale for treating chemoresistant bone metastasis of PCa with inhibitors of Ac-KLF5/CXCR4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baotong Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yixiang Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Qiao Wu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Nankai University College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Benjamin Barwick
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Changying Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Nankai University College of Life Sciences, Tianjin, China
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Li
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Daqing Wu
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Siyuan Xia
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wei Ping Qian
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lily Yang
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adeboye O Osunkoya
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lawrence Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paula M Vertino
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yichao Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Menglin Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hsiao-Rong Chen
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeanne Kowalski
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
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11
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Li J, Liu L, Zhou W, Cai L, Xu Z, Rane MJ. Roles of Krüppel-like factor 5 in kidney disease. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:2342-2355. [PMID: 33523554 PMCID: PMC7933973 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is a member of the Krüppel-like factors' (KLFs) family. KLF5 regulates a number of cellular functions, such as apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, KLF5 can play a role in many diseases, including, cancer, cardiovascular disease and gastrointestinal disorders. An important role for KLF5 in the kidney was recently reported, such that KLF5 regulated podocyte apoptosis, renal cell proliferation, tubulointerstitial inflammation and renal fibrosis. In this review, we have summarized the available information in the literature with a brief description on how transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications of KLF5 modulate its function in a variety of organs including the kidney with a focus of its importance on the pathogenesis of various kidney diseases. Furthermore, we also have outlined the current and possible mechanisms of KLF5 activation in kidney diseases. These studies suggest a need for more systemic investigations, particularly for generation of animal models with renal cell-specific deletion or overexpression of KLF5 gene to examine direct contributions of KLF5 to various kidney diseases. This will promote further experimentation in the development of therapies to prevent or treat various kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of NephrologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
- Department of PediatricsPediatric Research InstituteUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of RadiologyChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Wen‐Qian Zhou
- Department of PediatricsPediatric Research InstituteUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA
- The Center of Cardiovascular DiseasesThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of PediatricsPediatric Research InstituteUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA
| | - Zhong‐Gao Xu
- Department of NephrologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Madhavi J. Rane
- Department of MedicineDivision of NephrologyDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA
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12
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Jia X, Chen H, Ren Y, Dejizhuoga, Gesangyuzhen, Gao N, Feng H, Huang W, Liao Y, Yu H. BAP1 antagonizes WWP1-mediated transcription factor KLF5 ubiquitination and inhibits autophagy to promote melanoma progression. Exp Cell Res 2021; 402:112506. [PMID: 33516665 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence revealed the abnormal expression of KLF5 in human cancers while its role in melanoma remains uncharacterized. This study aimed to explore the role of KLF5 in the proliferation and metastasis of melanoma. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to detect WWP1, BAP1 and KLF5 expression in melanoma, followed by expression determination on clinical tissues from melanoma patients and cancer cells. The cancer cells were infected with lentivirus expressing KLF5 or BAP1 while PI3K, AKT and mTOR expression was detected and autophagy was observed. Treated cells were injected to mice when tumor growth was measured and autophagy-related protein was detected. Plasmids expressing WWP1 and Ub-K48 were co-transfected into treated melanoma cells while immunoprecipitation assay was performed to determine the interaction among KLF5, WWP1, and BAP1. WWP1 was poorly expressed in melanoma cells and tissues whereas KLF5 was highly expressed and was positively correlated to poor prognosis. KLF5 promoted melanoma cell malignant phenotypes as well as inhibited autophagy. Interestingly, KLF5 contributed to activation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting autophagy in melanoma cells. WWP1 mediated K48-linked ubiquitination of KLF5 to promote its degradation, and BAP1 antagonized this modification and stabilized KLF5 protein expression. Besides, BAP1 promoted KLF5-mediated growth of melanoma in vivo. Taken altogether, BAP1 antagonized WWP1-mediated ubiquitination of KLF5 to inhibit autophagy and promote melanoma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Jia
- Department of Pathology, Lhasa People's Hospital, Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, 850000, PR China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Province Brain Hospital, Changsha, 410007, PR China
| | - Yi Ren
- Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, PR China
| | - Dejizhuoga
- Department of Pathology, Lhasa People's Hospital, Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, 850000, PR China
| | - Gesangyuzhen
- Department of Pathology, Lhasa People's Hospital, Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, 850000, PR China
| | - Nina Gao
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410013, PR China
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, PR China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Gynaecology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, PR China.
| | - Yangying Liao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, PR China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Pathology, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518000, PR China
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13
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Fu J, Zheng H, Xue Y, Jin R, Yang G, Chen Z, Yuan G. WWP2 Promotes Odontoblastic Differentiation by Monoubiquitinating KLF5. J Dent Res 2020; 100:432-439. [PMID: 33164644 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520970866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
WW domain-containing E3 Ub-protein ligase 2 (WWP2) belongs to the homologous to E6AP C-terminus (HECT) E3 ligase family. It has been explored to regulate osteogenic differentiation, chondrogenesis, and palatogenesis. Odontoblasts are terminally differentiated mesenchymal cells, which contribute to dentin formation in tooth development. However, it remained unknown whether WWP2 participated in odontoblast differentiation. In this study, WWP2 was found to be expressed in mouse dental papilla cells (mDPCs), odontoblasts, and odontoblastic-induced mDPCs by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Besides, WWP2 expression was decreased in the cytoplasm but increased in the nuclei of differentiation-induced mDPCs. When Wwp2 was knocked down, the elevated expression of odontoblast marker genes (Dmp1 and Dspp) in mDPCs induced by differentiation medium was suppressed. Meanwhile, a decrease of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was observed by ALP staining, and reduced formation of mineralized matrix nodules was demonstrated by Alizarin Red S staining. Overexpression of WWP2 presented opposite results to knockdown experiments, suggesting that WWP2 promoted odontoblastic differentiation of mDPCs. Further investigation found that WWP2 was coexpressed and interacted with KLF5 in the nuclei, leading to ubiquitination of KLF5. The PPPSY (PY2) motif of KLF5 was essential for its physical binding with WWP2. Also, cysteine 838 (Cys838) of WWP2 was the active site for ubiquitination of KLF5, which did not lead to proteolysis of KLF5. Then, KLF5 was confirmed to be monoubiquitinated and transactivated by WWP2, which promoted the expression of KLF5 downstream genes Dmp1 and Dspp. Deletion of the PY2 motif of KLF5 or mutation of Cys838 of WWP2 reduced the upregulation of Dmp1 and Dspp. Besides, lysine (K) residues K31, K52, K83, and K265 of KLF5 were verified to be crucial to WWP2-mediated KLF5 transactivation. Taken together, WWP2 promoted odontoblastic differentiation by monoubiquitinating KLF5.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| | - H Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| | - Y Xue
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| | - R Jin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| | - G Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| | - Z Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, HuBei, China
| | - G Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, HuBei, China
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14
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Klf5 acetylation regulates luminal differentiation of basal progenitors in prostate development and regeneration. Nat Commun 2020; 11:997. [PMID: 32081850 PMCID: PMC7035357 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14737-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate development depends on balanced cell proliferation and differentiation, and acetylated KLF5 is known to alter epithelial proliferation. It remains elusive whether post-translational modifications of transcription factors can differentially determine adult stem/progenitor cell fate. Here we report that, in human and mouse prostates, Klf5 is expressed in both basal and luminal cells, with basal cells preferentially expressing acetylated Klf5. Functionally, Klf5 is indispensable for maintaining basal progenitors, their luminal differentiation, and the proliferation of their basal and luminal progenies. Acetylated Klf5 is also essential for basal progenitors' maintenance and proper luminal differentiation, as deacetylation of Klf5 causes excess basal-to-luminal differentiation; attenuates androgen-mediated organoid organization; and retards postnatal prostate development. In basal progenitor-derived luminal cells, Klf5 deacetylation increases their proliferation and attenuates their survival and regeneration following castration and subsequent androgen restoration. Mechanistically, Klf5 deacetylation activates Notch signaling. Klf5 and its acetylation thus contribute to postnatal prostate development and regeneration by controlling basal progenitor cell fate.
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15
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Liu R, Chen H, Zhao P, Chen CH, Liang H, Yang C, Zhou Z, Zhi X, Liu S, Chen C. Mifepristone Derivative FZU-00,003 Suppresses Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cell Growth partially via miR-153-KLF5 axis. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:611-619. [PMID: 32025209 PMCID: PMC6990921 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.39491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most malignant breast cancers lacking targeted therapeutics currently. We recently reported that mifepristone (MIF), a drug regularly used for abortion, suppresses TNBC cell growth by inhibiting KLF5 expression via inducing miR-153. However, its anticancer efficacy is only modest at high dose. In order to enhance the anticancer activities, a focused compound library containing 17 compounds by altering the sensitive metabolic region of mifepristone has been designed and synthesized. We first tested the cell growth inhibitory effects of these compounds in TNBC cell lines. Among them, FZU-00,003 displayed the most potent efficiency. FZU-00,003 suppresses TNBC cell growth, cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis more effectively than MIF does. Consistently, FZU-00,003 induces miR-153 expression and suppressed KLF5 expression at much lower dosages than MIF does. Furthermore, FZU-00,003 inhibits tumor growth more potently than MIF does. Taken together, the MIF derivative, FZU-00,003 may serve as a better therapeutic compound for TNBC than MIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, PR China
| | - Haijun Chen
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Chuan-Huizi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Huichun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Chuanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Zhongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Xu Zhi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Suling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Cancer Institute, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
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16
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Guo P, Xing C, Fu X, He D, Dong J. Ras inhibits TGF‐β‐induced KLF5 acetylation and transcriptional complex assembly via regulating SMAD2/3 phosphorylation in epithelial cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:2197-2208. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Guo
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia
| | - Changsheng Xing
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia
| | - Xiaoying Fu
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia
| | - Dalin He
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Jin‐Tang Dong
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta Georgia
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17
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Wu Y, Qin J, Li F, Yang C, Li Z, Zhou Z, Zhang H, Li Y, Wang X, Liu R, Tao Q, Chen W, Chen C. USP3 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation by deubiquitinating KLF5. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:17837-17847. [PMID: 31624151 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) transcription factor is highly expressed in basal type breast cancer and promotes breast cancer cell proliferation, survival, migration, and tumorigenesis. KLF5 protein stability is regulated by ubiquitination. In this study, ubiquitin-specific protease 3 (USP3) was identified as a new KLF5 deubiquitinase by genome-wide siRNA library screening. We demonstrated that USP3 interacts with KLF5 and stabilizes KLF5 via deubiquitination. USP3 knockdown inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo, which can be partially rescued by ectopic expression of KLF5. Furthermore, we observed a positive correlation between USP3 and KLF5 protein expression levels in human breast cancer samples. These findings suggest that USP3 is a new KLF5 deubiquitinase and that USP3 may represent a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, China.,First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Junying Qin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Fubing Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Chuanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, China
| | - Zhongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Yunxi Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, China
| | - Xinye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Qian Tao
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, Sir Y. K. Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Shenzhen Research Institute, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 518172, China
| | - Wenlin Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China .,Kunming Institute of Zoology-Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Institute of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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18
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Sun X, Song J, Zhang J, Zhan J, Fang W, Zhang H. Acetylated HOXB9 at lysine 27 is of differential diagnostic value in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Med 2019; 14:91-100. [PMID: 31372881 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-019-0696-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the ninth most common human malignancy and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death in China. AcK27-HOXB9 is a newly identified HOXB9 post-transcriptional modification that can predict the outcome in lung adenocarcinoma and colon cancer well. However, the role of AcK27-HOXB9 in PDAC is unclear. The present study aims to investigate the differential diagnostic role of patients with AcK27-HOXB9 PDAC. Tissue microarrays consisting of 162 pancreatic tumor tissue samples from patients with PDAC and paired normal subjects were used to examine HOXB9 and AcK27-HOXB9 levels and localizations by immunohistochemical analysis and Western blot assay, respectively. HOXB9 was upregulated (P < 0.0001), and AcK27-HOXB9 (P =0.0023) was downregulated in patients with PDAC. HOXB9 promoted (P = 0.0115), while AcK27-HOXB9 (P = 0.0279) inhibited PDAC progression. AcK27-HOXB9 predicted favorable outcome in patients with PDAC (P = 0.0412). AcK27-HOXB9 also suppressed PDAC cell migration in a cell migration assay. The results of this study showed that HOXB9 promoted and AcK27-HOXB9 suppressed PDAC progression. The determination of ratio between HOXB9 and AcK27-HOXB9 exhibited potential diagnostic value in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Sun
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiagui Song
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Zhan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Weigang Fang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
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19
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Jia J, Zhang HB, Shi Q, Yang C, Ma JB, Jin B, Wang X, He D, Guo P. KLF5 downregulation desensitizes castration-resistant prostate cancer cells to docetaxel by increasing BECN1 expression and inducing cell autophagy. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:5464-5477. [PMID: 31534497 PMCID: PMC6735397 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
KLF5 is frequently deleted or downregulated in prostate cancer. However, it is not known whether downregulation of KLF5 is associated with the response of prostate cancer cells to chemotherapy and/or prognosis of patients. Methods: We monitored cell growth by MTT and colony formation assays, and cell autophagy through tandem fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Gene expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. We determined the binding of KLF5 together with HDAC3 on the beclin-1 (BECN1) promoter by the ChIP assay, oligonucleotides pulldown, and co-immunoprecipitation. The effect of docetaxel on cell growth in vivo was examined in a CWR22RV1 xenograft tumor mouse model. Results: In the present study, we found that KLF5 down-regulation was associated with progression of prostate cancer and poor prognosis of patients. KLF5 knockdown reduced the sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to docetaxel in vitro and in vivo, and docetaxel treatment decreased the expression of KLF5. Moreover, we confirmed that docetaxel treatment inhibited cell death by inducing autophagy in prostate cancer cells. Thus, we hypothesized that KLF5 could be a regulator of cell autophagy. Interestingly, KLF5 could inhibit prostate cancer cell autophagy by suppressing the transcription of BECN1 cooperatively with HDAC3. Another significant finding was that docetaxel treatment repressed KLF5 expression through AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway resulting in increased BECN1, induction of cell autophagy, and promotion of cell survival in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. Conclusions: Our results indicated that downregulation of KLF5 promoted cell autophagy in prostate cancer. Furthermore, reduced KLF5 also facilitated cell autophagy induced by docetaxel resulting in desensitization to the drug and cell survival. Decreased levels of KLF5 led to increased BECN1 via AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K signaling. Thus, repression of BECN1 and cell autophagy was critical for KLF5 to increase the sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to docetaxel.
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20
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Liu R, Shi P, Zhou Z, Zhang H, Li W, Zhang H, Chen C. Krüpple-like factor 5 is essential for mammary gland development and tumorigenesis. J Pathol 2018; 246:497-507. [PMID: 30101462 DOI: 10.1002/path.5153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Krüpple-like factor 5 (KLF5) is required for the development of the embryo and multiple organs, such as the lung and intestine. KLF5 plays a pro-proliferative and oncogenic role in several carcinomas, including breast cancer. However, its role in normal mammary gland development and oncogenesis has not been elucidated in vivo. In this study, we used mammary gland-specific Klf5 conditional knockout mice derived by mating Klf5-LoxP and MMTV-Cre mice. The genetic ablation of Klf5 suppresses mammary gland ductal elongation and lobuloalveolar formation. Klf5 deficiency inhibits mammary epithelial cell proliferation, survival, and stem cell maintenance. Klf5 promotes mammary stemness, at least partially, by directly promoting the transcription of Slug. Finally, Klf5 depletion suppressed PyMT-induced mammary gland tumor cell stemness, tumor initiation, and growth in vivo. Slug also mediated these functions of Klf5 in vivo. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, PR China.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, PR China
| | - Peiguo Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, PR China
| | - Zhongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, PR China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Urology, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, PR China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, PR China
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21
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Wu Q, Fu C, Li M, Li J, Li Z, Qi L, Ci X, Ma G, Gao A, Fu X, A J, An N, Liu M, Li Y, King JL, Fu L, Zhang B, Dong JT. CINP is a novel cofactor of KLF5 required for its role in the promotion of cell proliferation, survival and tumor growth. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:582-594. [PMID: 30289973 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) both suppresses and promotes tumor growth depending on cellular context. The mechanisms underlying tumor promotion could be targetable for therapy. Although a number of transcriptional targets of KLF5 have been identified and implicated in KLF5-mediated tumor growth, how KLF5 regulates these genes remains to be addressed. Here we performed coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the TSU-Pr1 bladder cancer cell line, in which KLF5 is shown to promote tumor growth, to identify KLF5-interacting nuclear proteins that are necessary for KLF5's tumor promoting function. LC-MS/MS revealed 122 potential KLF5 binding proteins in the nuclear proteins precipitated by the KLF5 antibody, and the top nine candidates included AHNAK, TFAM, HSDL2, HNRNPC, CINP, IST1, FBL, PABPC1 and SNRNP40. SRB assays of these nine proteins indicated that silencing CINP had the most potent inhibitory effect on cell growth in KLF5-expressing cells but did not affect parental TSU-Pr1 cells. Further analyses not only confirmed the physical interaction between KLF5 and CINP, also demonstrated that knockdown of CINP attenuated the effects of KLF5 on cell cycle progression, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. Silencing CINP also attenuated the effect of KLF5 on the expression of a number of genes and signaling pathways, including cell cycle regulator Cyclin D1 and apoptosis-related Caspase 7. These results suggest that CINP is a cofactor of KLF5 that is crucial for the promotion of tumor growth, and that the KLF5-CINP interaction could be a novel therapeutic target for inhibiting KLF5-promoted tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Wu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Changying Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Menglin Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhigui Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Leilei Qi
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinpei Ci
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gui Ma
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ang Gao
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun A
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Na An
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingcheng Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yixiang Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jamie L King
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Liya Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Baotong Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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22
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TTK promotes mesenchymal signaling via multiple mechanisms in triple negative breast cancer. Oncogenesis 2018; 7:69. [PMID: 30206215 PMCID: PMC6133923 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0077-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal expression of TTK kinase has been associated with the initiation, progression, and therapeutic resistance of breast and other cancers, but its roles remain to be clarified. In this study, we examined the role of TTK in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), and found that higher TTK expression correlated with mesenchymal and proliferative phenotypes in TNBC cells. Pharmacologic inhibition and genomic silencing of TTK not only reversed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in TNBC cells, but also increased the expression of KLF5, an effector of TGF-β signaling and inhibitor of EMT. In addition, TTK inhibition decreased the expression of EMT-associated micro-RNA miR-21 but increased the expression of miR-200 family members and suppressed TGF-β signaling. To test if upregulation of KLF5 plays a role in TTK-induced EMT, TTK and KLF5 were silenced simultaneously, which reversed the decreased EMT caused by loss of TTK. Consistently, the decrease in miR-21 expression and increase in miR-200 expression caused by TTK silencing were rescued by loss of KLF5. Altogether, this study highlights a novel role and signaling pathway for TTK in regulating EMT of TN breast cancer cells through TGF-β and KLF5 signaling, highlighting targetable signaling pathways for TTK inhibitors in aggressive breast cancer.
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23
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Ma Y, Wang Q, Liu F, Ma X, Wu L, Guo F, Zhao S, Huang F, Qin G. KLF5 promotes the tumorigenesis and metastatic potential of thyroid cancer cells through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:2608-2618. [PMID: 30226614 PMCID: PMC6151893 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to identify the potential function of Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) in thyroid cancer and investigate the underlying mechanisms. The protein levels of KLF5 in 98 thyroid cancer tissues were analyzed using an immunohistochemistry assay. SW579 cells transfected with small interfering RNA against KLF5 and B-CPAP cells transfected with KLF5 expressing vectors were used for functional studies. Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation assays were used to investigate the mechanisms of KLF5. In vivo tumorigenicity was assessed using a subcutaneous xenograft experiment. The results revealed that KLF5 was highly expressed in thyroid cancer tissues and associated with lymph node metastasis. Knockdown of KLF5 in SW579 cells suppressed proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, migration and invasion in vitro, while the overexpression of KLF5 resulted in opposite effects in B-CPAP cells. Mechanistically, it was demonstrated that KLF5 promoted the cytoplasm-nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB. Additionally, it was revealed that insufficient F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7 expression may be responsible for the dysfunction of KLF5 in thyroid cancer. These results revealed that KLF5 promotes the tumorigenesis and metastasis of thyroid cancer cells and may be a potential therapeutic target in patients with thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehua Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Qingzhu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Lina Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Shuiying Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Fengjuan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Guijun Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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24
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Wu J, Li L, Liu J, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang Y, Liu W, Zhou Z, Chen C, Liu R, Yang R. CC chemokine receptor 7 promotes triple-negative breast cancer growth and metastasis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:835-842. [PMID: 30032244 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of breast cancer-related death. Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 7 (CCR7) plays important roles in breast cancer metastasis. However, the role of CCR7 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that CCR7 is highly expressed in both TNBC cell lines and breast cancer tissues. CCR7 was knocked down by shRNA in 4T1 and MDA-MB-231, two TNBC cell lines, and we found that the depletion of CCR7 significantly decreased TNBC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. Furthermore, we confirmed that the knockdown of CCR7 reduced the distant metastasis of 4T1 cells in an orthotopic mouse model. Proteomic analysis in 4T1 cells indicated that several signaling pathways such as epithelial cell adhesion molecule might contribute to CCR7's function in breast cancer metastasis. Our results suggest that CCR7 promotes TNBC metastasis and may serve as a target for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wu
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lu Li
- 2014 Grade of Queen Mary College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianing Liu
- 2014 Grade of Queen Mary College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Puyang, Puyang, China
| | - Zehua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yangdan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zhongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Runxiang Yang
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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25
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Zhang C, D'Alessandro A, Wellendorf AM, Mohmoud F, Serrano-Lopez J, Perentesis JP, Komurov K, Alexe G, Stegmaier K, Whitsett JA, Grimes HL, Cancelas JA. KLF5 controls glutathione metabolism to suppress p190-BCR-ABL+ B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 9:29665-29679. [PMID: 30038712 PMCID: PMC6049869 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) remains a therapeutic challenge despite advances in the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and chimeric-antigen-receptor engineered T cells. Lymphoblastic-leukemia precursors are highly sensitive to oxidative stress. KLF5 is a member of the Krüppel-like family of transcription factors. KLF5 expression is repressed in B-ALL, including BCR-ABL1+ B-ALL. Here, we demonstrate that forced expression of KLF5 in B-ALL cells bypasses the imatinib resistance which is not associated with mutations of BCR-ABL. Expression of Klf5 impaired leukemogenic activity of BCR-ABL1+ B-cell precursors in vitro and in vivo. The complete genetic loss of Klf5 reduced oxidative stress, increased regeneration of reduced glutathione and decreased apoptosis of leukemic precursors. Klf5 regulation of glutathione levels was mediated by its regulation of glutathione-S-transferase Mu 1 (Gstm1), an important regulator of glutathione-mediated detoxification and protein glutathionylation. Expression of Klf5 or the direct Klf5 target gene Gstm1 inhibited clonogenic activity of Klf5∆/∆ leukemic B-cell precursors and unveiled a Klf5-dependent regulatory loop in glutamine-dependent glutathione metabolism. In summary, we describe a novel mechanism of Klf5 B-ALL suppressor activity through its direct role on the metabolism of antioxidant glutathione levels, a crucial positive regulator of leukemic precursor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Zhang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver-Anschutz, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ashley M Wellendorf
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Fatima Mohmoud
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Juana Serrano-Lopez
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - John P Perentesis
- Department of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kakajan Komurov
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Gabriela Alexe
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Whitsett
- Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - H Leighton Grimes
- Immunobiology and Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jose A Cancelas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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26
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Tao R, Zhang B, Li Y, King JL, Tian R, Xia S, Schiavon CR, Dong JT. HDAC-mediated deacetylation of KLF5 associates with its proteasomal degradation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 500:777-782. [PMID: 29679567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is a basic transcription factor that regulates diverse cellular processes during tumor development. Acetylation of KLF5 at lysine 369 (K369) reverses its function from promoting to suppressing cell proliferation and tumor growth. In this study, we examined the regulation of KLF5 by histone deacetylases in the prostate cancer cell line DU 145. While confirming the functions of HDAC1/2 in KLF5 deacetylation and the promotion of cell proliferation, we found that the knockdown of HDAC1/2 upregulated KLF5 protein but not KLF5 mRNA, and the increase in KLF5 protein level by silencing HDAC1/2 was at least in part due to decreased proteasomal degradation. Deacetylase activity was required for HDAC1/2-mediated KLF5 degradation, and mutation of KLF5 to an acetylation-mimicking form prevented its degradation, even though the mutation did not affect the binding of KLF5 with HDAC1/2. Mutation of K369 to arginine, which prevents acetylation, did not affect the binding of KLF5 to HDAC1 or the response of KLF5 to HDAC1/2-promoted degradation. These findings provide a novel mechanistic association between the acetylation status of KLF5 and its protein stability. They also suggest that maintaining KLF5 in a deacetylated form may be an important mechanism by which KLF5 and HDACs promote cell proliferation and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Tao
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Baotong Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yixiang Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jamie L King
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ruoyu Tian
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Siyuan Xia
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Cara Rae Schiavon
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
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27
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Pollak NM, Hoffman M, Goldberg IJ, Drosatos K. Krüppel-like factors: Crippling and un-crippling metabolic pathways. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2018; 3:132-156. [PMID: 29876529 PMCID: PMC5985828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are DNA-binding transcriptional factors that regulate various pathways that control metabolism and other cellular mechanisms. Various KLF isoforms have been associated with cellular, organ or systemic metabolism. Altered expression or activation of KLFs has been linked to metabolic abnormalities, such as obesity and diabetes, as well as with heart failure. In this review article we summarize the metabolic functions of KLFs, as well as the networks of different KLF isoforms that jointly regulate metabolism in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina M. Pollak
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthew Hoffman
- Metabolic Biology Laboratory, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ira J. Goldberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Konstantinos Drosatos
- Metabolic Biology Laboratory, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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28
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TGF-β synergizes with ML264 to block IL-1β-induced matrix degradation mediated by Krüppel-like factor 5 in the nucleus pulposus. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:579-589. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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29
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Liang H, Xiao J, Zhou Z, Wu J, Ge F, Li Z, Zhang H, Sun J, Li F, Liu R, Chen C. Hypoxia induces miR-153 through the IRE1α-XBP1 pathway to fine tune the HIF1α/VEGFA axis in breast cancer angiogenesis. Oncogene 2018; 37:1961-1975. [PMID: 29367761 PMCID: PMC5895606 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
It is well documented that hypoxia activates the hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) axis to promote angiogenesis in breast cancer. However, it is unclear how this axis is negatively regulated. In this study, we demonstrated that miR-153 directly inhibits expression of HIF1α by binding to the 3′UTR of HIF1A mRNA, as well as suppresses tube formation of primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and breast cancer angiogenesis by decreasing the secretion of VEGFA. Importantly, expression of miR-153 was induced by hypoxia-stimulated ER stress, which activates IRE1α and its downstream transcription factor X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1). X-box binding protein 1 directly binds to the promoter of the miR-153 host gene PTPRN and activates transcription. These results indicate that hypoxia induces miR-153 to fine tune the HIF1α/VEGFA axis in breast cancer angiogenesis and miR-153 could be used for breast cancer anti-angiogenesis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Xiao
- Medical Faculty of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Zhongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jiao Wu
- Department of the Second Medical Oncology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fei Ge
- Department of the Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zongcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Translational Medicine Center of Stem Cells, 307-lvy Translational Medicine Center, Laboratory of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Medical Faculty of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Fubing Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
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30
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Mithramycin A suppresses basal triple-negative breast cancer cell survival partially via down-regulating Krüppel-like factor 5 transcription by Sp1. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1138. [PMID: 29348684 PMCID: PMC5773554 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19489-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most malignant breast cancer subtype, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) does not have effective targeted therapies clinically to date. As a selective Sp1 inhibitor, Mithramycin A (MIT) has been reported to have anti-tumor activities in multiple cancers. However, the efficacy and the mechanism of MIT in breast cancer, especially TNBC, have not been studied. In this study, we demonstrated that MIT suppressed breast cancer cell survival in a dosage-dependent manner. Interestingly, TNBC cells were more sensitive to MIT than non-TNBC cells. MIT inhibited TNBC cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in vitro in time- and dosage-dependent manners. MIT suppressed TNBC cell survival, at least partially, by transcriptionally down-regulating KLF5, an oncogenic transcription factor specifically expressed in basal TNBC. Finally, MIT suppressed TNBC cell growth in a xenograft mouse model. Taken together, our findings suggested that MIT inhibits basal TNBC via the Sp1/KLF5 axis and that MIT may be used for TNBC treatment.
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31
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Regulatory crosstalk between KLF5, miR-29a and Fbw7/CDC4 cooperatively promotes atherosclerotic development. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1864:374-386. [PMID: 29074464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Atherogenesis is a chronic inflammatory process that involves complex interactions between endothelial dysfunction, lipid deposition and vascular smooth-muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. However, the molecular mechanism is still unclear. We found that a pro-atherosclerotic factor (oxLDL) induced the expression of Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5), which in turn increased miR-29a expression levels. The increased miR-29a was retained within HASMCs and down-regulated Fbw7/CDC4 expression by targeting the 3´UTR of Fbw7/CDC4, subsequently increasing KLF5 stability by reducing the Fbw7/CDC4-dependent ubiquitination of KLF5, forming a positive feedback loop to enhance VSMC proliferation and promote atherogenesis. These results indicate a potentially important role for the oxLDL-activated feedback mechanism in VSMC proliferation and atherogenesis. Suppression of miR-29a may be an effective way to attenuate atherosclerosis. In conclusion, our data are the first to reveal that the regulatory crosstalk between KLF5, miR-29a, and Fbw7/CDC4 cooperatively promotes atherosclerotic development.
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32
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Bialkowska AB, Yang VW, Mallipattu SK. Krüppel-like factors in mammalian stem cells and development. Development 2017; 144:737-754. [PMID: 28246209 DOI: 10.1242/dev.145441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are a family of zinc-finger transcription factors that are found in many species. Recent studies have shown that KLFs play a fundamental role in regulating diverse biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, development and regeneration. Of note, several KLFs are also crucial for maintaining pluripotency and, hence, have been linked to reprogramming and regenerative medicine approaches. Here, we review the crucial functions of KLFs in mammalian embryogenesis, stem cell biology and regeneration, as revealed by studies of animal models. We also highlight how KLFs have been implicated in human diseases and outline potential avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka B Bialkowska
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8176, USA
| | - Vincent W Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8176, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8176, USA
| | - Sandeep K Mallipattu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8176, USA
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33
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Shi Q, Jia J, Hui K, Gao Y, Xu S, Guan B, Tang X, Wang X, He D, Guo P. KLF5 promotes apoptosis induced by phorbol ester as an effector of the autocrine factor TNFα in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1847-1854. [PMID: 28789420 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is frequently deleted and inactivated in prostate cancer, and exerts tumor-suppressing function in prostate cancer cells. However, the function of KLF5 in the apoptosis of prostate cancer cells remains unclear. In the present study, the effect of KLF5 on phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced apoptosis was investigated in prostate cancer LNCaP cells. It was demonstrated that PMA induced the expression of KLF5 at the mRNA and protein level. To identify whether KLF5 regulates the activity of the downstream pathway, stable KLF5 knockdown or overexpression cell lines were constructed with lentivirus harboring shRNA targeting KLF5 or full-length KLF5 in LNCaP cells. Knockdown of KLF5 significantly decreased PMA-induced apoptosis, while cell apoptosis was significantly increased following KLF5 overexpression compared with the corresponding control groups. Consistently, expression of cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and caspase-3 induced by PMA was decreased following KLF5 knockdown and increased following KLF5 overexpression. Using the control medium from cells treated with PMA, it was demonstrated that KLF5 is required for the control medium to induce apoptosis. c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity is essential for the apoptosis induced by PMA. It was revealed that knockdown of KLF5 decreased, while overexpression of KLF5 increased the phosphorylation of JNK induced by PMA and control medium treatment. Furthermore, inhibition of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) decreased KLF5 expression and significantly decreased cell apoptosis induced by PMA, and control medium. This data indicates that KLF5 is essential for the apoptosis induced by PMA in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, KLF5 is essential for activity of the autocrine factor TNFα, which is secreted by cells treated with PMA and mediates the function of PMA-induced apoptosis through regulating the activity of JNK signaling pathway. These results provide novel insights into the complexity of the signaling pathways regulating apoptosis in prostate cancer cells, which could aid in the development of novel treatments for patients with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Jing Jia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Ke Hui
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Bing Guan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoshuang Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xinyang Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Dalin He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Peng Guo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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34
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Zhou W, Song F, Wu Q, Liu R, Wang L, Liu C, Peng Y, Mao S, Feng J, Chen C. miR-217 inhibits triple-negative breast cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion through targeting KLF5. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176395. [PMID: 28437471 PMCID: PMC5402967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive breast cancers without effective targeted therapies. Numerous studies have implied that KLF5 plays an important roles in TNBC. How is KLF5 regulated by microRNAs has not been well studied. Here, we demonstrated that miR-217 down-regulates the expression of KLF5 and KLF5's downstream target gene FGF-BP and Cyclin D1 in TNBC cell lines HCC1806 and HCC1937. Consequently, miR-217 suppresses TNBC cell growth, migration, and invasion. MiR-217 suppresses TNBC, at least partially, through down-regulating the KLF5 expression. These results suggest that the miR-217-KLF5 axis might serve as a potential target for treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zhou
- Third Clinical College, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Fangfang Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Jinzhou Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuju Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Jinzhou Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuicui Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - You Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuqin Mao
- Hubei University of Medicine Affiliated Taihe Hospital, Hubei Province, Shiyan, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Third Clinical College, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (CC);
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
- * E-mail: (CC);
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35
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Li W, Zhang H, Nie M, Tian Y, Chen X, Chen C, Chen H, Liu R. Ursolic acid derivative FZU-03,010 inhibits STAT3 and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in renal and breast cancer cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2017; 49:367-373. [PMID: 28338932 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced renal cell carcinoma and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) are malignancies without effective therapeutics currently. Ursolic acid (UA) has been previously reported to have anti-cancer effects in multiple solid tumors. In order to develop more potent anti-cancer reagents, FZU-03,010 based on the chemical structure of UA were synthesized. The results demonstrated that, compared with UA, FZU-03,010 could suppress renal cancer cell 786-0 and TNBC cell HCC1806 cell viability more potently. Furthermore, FZU-03,010 could induce G1 cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis more efficiently than UA. FZU-03,010 could also inhibit signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activation, induce the expression of cell cycle-dependent kinase inhibitors (p21 and p27) and promote cell apoptosis. In conclusion, our results suggest that the UA derivative FZU-03,010 is more potent in inhibiting cancer cell survival, and FZU-03,010 has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic for renal cell cancers and TNBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Urology of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
- Medical College of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Hongxiu Zhang
- Department of Urology of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
- Medical College of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Mingxiu Nie
- Department of Urology of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
- Medical College of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Yanlei Tian
- Department of Urology of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Urology of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China
- Medical College of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
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36
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Li Z, Dong J, Zou T, Du C, Li S, Chen C, Liu R, Wang K. Dexamethasone induces docetaxel and cisplatin resistance partially through up-regulating Krüppel-like factor 5 in triple-negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:11555-11565. [PMID: 28030791 PMCID: PMC5355285 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Dexamethasone (Dex), a glucocorticoid (GC), is used as a pretreatment drug in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Dex functions by binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) to prevent allergic reactions and severe chemotherapeutic side effects such as nausea and vomiting. However, the mechanisms by which Dex causes chemoresistance remain unknown. METHODS We used docetaxel and cisplatin to treat triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells with or without Dex and assessed cell proliferation using a sulforhodamine B colorimetric (SRB) assay. Additionally, Western blotting was employed to measure Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5), GR and several apoptosis-related proteins. To determine how the GR regulates KLF5, we used qRT-PCR, luciferase reporter assays and ChIP assays. Finally, we detected the involvement of Dex in TNBC chemotherapeutic resistance using HCC1806 xenograft model in vivo. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrated that Dex induces docetaxel and cisplatin resistance in TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo. Dex up-regulates pro-survival transcription factor KLF5 expression at both mRNA and protein levels dependent on GR. Importantly, Dex failed to promote cancer cell survival and tumor growth when KLF5 induction was blocked. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that KLF5 is a Dex-induced gene that contributes to Dex-mediated drug chemoresistance, providing a potential novel target for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- Kunming Digestive Disease Treatment Engineering Technology Center, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Oncology, Yunnan Tumor Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, China
| | - Tianning Zou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yunnan Tumor Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, China
| | - Chengzhi Du
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Kunhua Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
- Kunming Digestive Disease Treatment Engineering Technology Center, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
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37
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Ha JM, Yun SJ, Jin SY, Lee HS, Kim SJ, Shin HK, Bae SS. Regulation of vascular smooth muscle phenotype by cross-regulation of krüppel-like factors. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 21:37-44. [PMID: 28066139 PMCID: PMC5214909 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype plays an essential role in many cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, we provide evidence that krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) is essential for tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-induced phenotypic conversion of VSMC obtained from thoracic aorta from 4-week-old SD rats. Stimulation of the contractile phenotype of VSMCs with TNFα significantly reduced the VSMC marker gene expression and KLF8. The gene expression of KLF8 was blocked by TNFα stimulation in an ERK-dependent manner. The promoter region of KLF8 contained putative Sp1, KLF4, and NFκB binding sites. Myocardin significantly enhanced the promoter activity of KLF4 and KLF8. The ectopic expression of KLF4 strongly enhanced the promoter activity of KLF8. Moreover, silencing of Akt1 significantly attenuated the promoter activity of KLF8; conversely, the overexpression of Akt1 significantly enhanced the promoter activity of KLF8. The promoter activity of SMA, SM22α, and KLF8 was significantly elevated in the contractile phenotype of VSMCs. The ectopic expression of KLF8 markedly enhanced the expression of SMA and SM22α concomitant with morphological changes. The overexpression of KLF8 stimulated the promoter activity of SMA. Stimulation of VSMCs with TNFα enhanced the expression of KLF5, and the promoter activity of KLF5 was markedly suppressed by KLF8 ectopic expression. Finally, the overexpression of KLF5 suppressed the promoter activity of SMA and SM22α, thereby reduced the contractility in response to the stimulation of angiotensin II. These results suggest that cross-regulation of KLF family of transcription factors plays an essential role in the VSMC phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Min Ha
- Gene and Cell Therapy for Vessel-Associated Disease, Medical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Sung Ji Yun
- Gene and Cell Therapy for Vessel-Associated Disease, Medical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Seo Yeon Jin
- Gene and Cell Therapy for Vessel-Associated Disease, Medical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Gene and Cell Therapy for Vessel-Associated Disease, Medical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Sun Ja Kim
- Department of Physics, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Hwa Kyoung Shin
- Department of Anatomy, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Sun Sik Bae
- Gene and Cell Therapy for Vessel-Associated Disease, Medical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
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38
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MicroRNA 100 sensitizes luminal A breast cancer cells to paclitaxel treatment in part by targeting mTOR. Oncotarget 2016; 7:5702-14. [PMID: 26744318 PMCID: PMC4868715 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Luminal A breast cancer usually responds to hormonal therapies but does not benefit from chemotherapies, including microtubule-targeted paclitaxel. MicroRNAs could play a role in mediating this differential response. In this study, we examined the role of micro RNA 100 (miR-100) in the sensitivity of breast cancer to paclitaxel treatment. We found that while miR-100 was downregulated in both human breast cancer primary tumors and cell lines, the degree of downregulation was greater in the luminal A subtype than in other subtypes. The IC50 of paclitaxel was much higher in luminal A than in basal-like breast cancer cell lines. Ectopic miR-100 expression in the MCF-7 luminal A cell line enhanced the effect of paclitaxel on cell cycle arrest, multinucleation, and apoptosis, while knockdown of miR-100 in the MDA-MB-231 basal-like line compromised these effects. Similarly, overexpression of miR-100 enhanced the effects of paclitaxel on tumorigenesis in MCF-7 cells. Rapamycin-mediated inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a target of miR-100, also sensitized MCF-7 cells to paclitaxel. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that genes that are part of the known paclitaxel-sensitive signature had a significant expression correlation with miR-100 in breast cancer samples. In addition, patients with lower levels of miR-100 expression had worse overall survival. These results suggest that miR-100 plays a causal role in determining the sensitivity of breast cancers to paclitaxel treatment.
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39
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Gao Y, Wu K, Chen Y, Zhou J, Du C, Shi Q, Xu S, Jia J, Tang X, Li F, Hui K, He D, Guo P. Beyond proliferation: KLF5 promotes angiogenesis of bladder cancer through directly regulating VEGFA transcription. Oncotarget 2016; 6:43791-805. [PMID: 26544730 PMCID: PMC4791267 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abundant evidence has demonstrated critical roles of KLF5 in regulating cell proliferation in various cancers, however, its additional roles in other aspects of cancer development remain to be further clarified. In this study, we found that KLF5 was essential for cancer cell-endothelial cell interaction in vitro and tumor angiogenesis in nude mice based on lentivirus-mediated KLF5 knockdown bladder cancer cell models. Moreover, KLF5 insufficiency abolished the ability of bladder cancer cells to induce neovascularization in rabbit cornea. Mechanistically, the pro-angiogenic factor VEGFA was identified as a direct downstream target of KLF5, which bound to GC-boxes and CACCC elements of VEGFA promoter and regulated its transcriptional activity. In addition, there was a positive correlation between KLF5 and VEGFA expression in human bladder cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry assay and statistical analysis from TCGA and GEO data. Furthermore, we found that two pivotal pathways in bladder cancer, RTKs/RAS/MAPK and PI3K/Akt, might convey their oncogenic signaling through KLF5-VEGFA axis. Taken together, our results indicate that KLF5 promotes angiogenesis of bladder cancer through directly regulating VEGFA transcription and suggest that KLF5 could be a novel therapeutic target for angiogenesis inhibition in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaijie Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yule Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiancheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chong Du
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Jia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ke Hui
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dalin He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Guo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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40
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Ge F, Chen W, Qin J, Zhou Z, Liu R, Liu L, Tan J, Zou T, Li H, Ren G, Chen C. Ataxin-3 like (ATXN3L), a member of the Josephin family of deubiquitinating enzymes, promotes breast cancer proliferation by deubiquitinating Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5). Oncotarget 2016; 6:21369-78. [PMID: 26079537 PMCID: PMC4673271 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) has been suggested to promote breast cell proliferation, survival and tumorigenesis. KLF5 protein degradation is increased by several E3 ubiquitin ligases, including WWP1 and SCFFbw7, through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. However, the deubiquitinase (DUB) of KLF5 has not been demonstrated. In this study, we identified ATXN3L as a KLF5 DUB by genome-wide siRNA screening. ATXN3L directly binds to KLF5, decreasing its ubiquitination and thus degradation. Functionally, knockdown of ATXN3L inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation partially through KLF5. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized role of ATXN3L in the regulation of KLF5 stability in breast cancer. ATXN3L might be a therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ge
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenlin Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Junying Qin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresource, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tianning Zou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongyuan Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guosheng Ren
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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41
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Nie Z, Wang C, Zhou Z, Chen C, Liu R, Wang D. Transforming growth factor-beta increases breast cancer stem cell population partially through upregulating PMEPA1 expression. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2016; 48:194-201. [PMID: 26758191 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The prostate transmembrane protein, androgen-induced 1 (PMEPA1) has been previously shown to promote solid malignancies in a variety of cancers, but the role and mechanisms of PMEPA1 in breast cancer has not been fully addressed. Here, we found that PMEPA1 was upregulated in breast cancer cell lines as well as in a set of clinical invasive breast ductal carcinomas. Interestingly, depletion of PMEPA1 decreased breast cancer stem cell (CSC)-enriched populations, while ectopic overexpression of PMEPA1 increased breast CSC-enriched populations. Furthermore, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) treatment was also found to upregulate PMEPA1 expression and the CSC-enriched populations in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. TGF-β-induced PMEPA1 expression partially contributed to TGF-β-induced breast CSC maintenance. These findings suggest that TGF-β-PMEPA1 axis might provide new diagnosis and therapeutic targets for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Nie
- Pharmaceutical College of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Zhongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Dianhua Wang
- Pharmaceutical College of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
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42
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Krüppel-like factor 5 promotes apoptosis triggered by tumor necrosis factor α in LNCaP prostate cancer cells via up-regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7. Urol Oncol 2016; 34:58.e11-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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43
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Du C, Gao Y, Xu S, Jia J, Huang Z, Fan J, Wang X, He D, Guo P. KLF5 promotes cell migration by up-regulating FYN in bladder cancer cells. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:408-18. [PMID: 26786295 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Du
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
- Oncology Research Lab; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases; Ministry of Education; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Jing Jia
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
| | - Zhixin Huang
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
| | - Jinhai Fan
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
- Oncology Research Lab; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases; Ministry of Education; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Xinyang Wang
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
- Oncology Research Lab; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases; Ministry of Education; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Dalin He
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
- Oncology Research Lab; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases; Ministry of Education; Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Peng Guo
- Department of Urology; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shaanxi China
- Oncology Research Lab; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases; Ministry of Education; Xi'an Shaanxi China
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44
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Nakajima Y, Osakabe A, Waku T, Suzuki T, Akaogi K, Fujimura T, Homma Y, Inoue S, Yanagisawa J. Estrogen Exhibits a Biphasic Effect on Prostate Tumor Growth through the Estrogen Receptor β-KLF5 Pathway. Mol Cell Biol 2016; 36:144-56. [PMID: 26483416 PMCID: PMC4702593 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00625-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens are effective in the treatment of prostate cancer; however, the effects of estrogens on prostate cancer are enigmatic. In this study, we demonstrated that estrogen (17β-estradiol [E2]) has biphasic effects on prostate tumor growth. A lower dose of E2 increased tumor growth in mouse xenograft models using DU145 and PC-3 human prostate cancer cells, whereas a higher dose significantly decreased tumor growth. We found that anchorage-independent apoptosis in these cells was inhibited by E2 treatment. Similarly, in vivo angiogenesis was suppressed by E2. Interestingly, these effects of E2 were abolished by knockdown of either estrogen receptor β (ERβ) or Krüppel-like zinc finger transcription factor 5 (KLF5). Ιn addition, E2 suppressed KLF5-mediated transcription through ERβ, which inhibits proapoptotic FOXO1 and proangiogenic PDGFA expression. Furthermore, we revealed that a nonagonistic ER ligand GS-1405 inhibited FOXO1 and PDGFA expression through the ERβ-KLF5 pathway and regulated prostate tumor growth without ERβ transactivation. Therefore, these results suggest that E2 biphasically modulates prostate tumor formation by regulating KLF5-dependent transcription through ERβ and provide a new strategy for designing ER modulators, which will be able to regulate prostate cancer progression with minimal adverse effects due to ER transactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Nakajima
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Asami Osakabe
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Waku
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kensuke Akaogi
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Fujimura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Homma
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Junn Yanagisawa
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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45
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Qin J, Zhou Z, Chen W, Wang C, Zhang H, Ge G, Shao M, You D, Fan Z, Xia H, Liu R, Chen C. BAP1 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by deubiquitinating KLF5. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8471. [PMID: 26419610 PMCID: PMC4598844 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor KLF5 is highly expressed in basal-like breast cancer and promotes breast cancer cell proliferation, survival, migration and tumour growth. Here we show that, in breast cancer cells, KLF5 is stabilized by the deubiquitinase (DUB) BAP1. With a genome-wide siRNA library screen of DUBs, we identify BAP1 as a bona fide KLF5 DUB. BAP1 interacts directly with KLF5 and stabilizes KLF5 via deubiquitination. KLF5 is in the BAP1/HCF-1 complex, and this newly identified complex promotes cell cycle progression partially by inhibiting p27 gene expression. Furthermore, BAP1 knockdown inhibits tumorigenicity and lung metastasis, which can be rescued partially by ectopic expression of KLF5. Collectively, our findings not only identify BAP1 as the DUB for KLF5, but also reveal a critical mechanism that regulates KLF5 expression in breast cancer. Our findings indicate that BAP1 could be a potential therapeutic target for breast and other cancers. The zinc finger-containing transcription factor KLF5 drives cell proliferation and migration. Here, the authors show that the debuquitinase BAP1 directly stabilizes KLF5, thus promoting basal-like breast cancer cell-cycle progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Qin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Zhongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Wenlin Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Cancer Clinical Research Center, Cancer Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.,Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Guangzhe Ge
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Ming Shao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China.,Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Dingyun You
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031, China
| | - Zhixiang Fan
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650031, China
| | - Houjun Xia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
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46
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Zhang Y, Liu K, Zhang Y, Qi J, Lu B, Shi C, Yin Y, Cai W, Li W. ABL-N may induce apoptosis of human prostate cancer cells through suppression of KLF5, ICAM-1 and Stat5b, and upregulation of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio: An in vitro and in vivo study. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:2953-60. [PMID: 26397390 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of novel botanicals that can selectively induce apoptosis and arrest growth of cancer cells without producing cytotoxic effects is highly appreciable for cancer therapy. The present study aimed to investigate the possibility of acetylbritannilactone (ABL) derivative 5-(5-(ethylperoxy)pentan-2-yl)-6-methyl-3-methylene-2-oxo-2,3,3a,4,7,7a‑hexahydroben-zofuran-4-yl2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl) propanoate (ABL-N) as a therapeutic agent in human prostate cancer and potential mechanisms. Human prostate cancer cells were treated with ABL-N of different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 µmol/l). Cell viability, migration and apoptosis were determined. Activities of caspases were assayed, as well as protein expression of cancer‑related proteins KLF5, Stat5b and ICAM-1 in PC3 cells. The therapeutic effect of ABL-N was further evaluated in our tumor xenografts. ABL-N inhibited growth of prostate cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, without obvious effect on normal human prostate epithelial PrEC cells. ABL-N administration induced apoptosis of PC3 cells in a dose-dependent manner, along with the enhanced activity of caspases and increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Expression of KLF5, Stat5b and ICAM-1 was significantly downregulated in PC3 cells. Our in vivo study further confirmed that ABL-N significantly inhibited the tumor growth of PC3 cells in the xenograft mouse model. ABL-N induces apoptosis of prostate cancer cells through activation of caspases, increasing the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, as well as suppression of KLF5, Stat5b and ICAM-1 expressions. The present study indicated that ABL-N may be a potential therapeutic drug for human prostate cancer, and our data supported further studies to explore the therapeutic potential of ABL-N in other types of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, P.R. China
| | - Kailong Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, P.R. China
| | - Jinchun Qi
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, P.R. China
| | - Baosai Lu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, P.R. China
| | - Chongjun Shi
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yuewei Yin
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, P.R. China
| | - Wenqing Cai
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, P.R. China
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Chen WC, Lin HH, Tang MJ. Matrix-Stiffness–Regulated Inverse Expression of Krüppel-Like Factor 5 and Krüppel-Like Factor 4 in the Pathogenesis of Renal Fibrosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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KLF5 promotes breast cancer proliferation, migration and invasion in part by upregulating the transcription of TNFAIP2. Oncogene 2015; 35:2040-51. [PMID: 26189798 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) transcription factor is highly expressed in high-grade and basal-like breast cancers. However, the mechanism by which KLF5 promotes cell migration and invasion is still not completely understood. In this study, we demonstrate that TNFAIP2, a tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-induced gene, is a direct KLF5 target gene. The expression of TNFAIP2 is highly correlated with the expression of KLF5 in breast cancers. The manipulation of KLF5 expression positively alters TNFAIP2 expression levels. KLF5 directly binds to the TNFAIP2 gene promoter and activates its transcription. Functionally, KLF5 promotes cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in part through TNFAIP2. TNFAIP2 interacts with the two small GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42, thereby increasing their activities to change actin cytoskeleton and cell morphology. These findings collectively suggest that TNFAIP2 is a direct KLF5 target gene, and both KLF5 and TNFAIP2 promote breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion through Rac1 and Cdc42.
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Kim SH, Yun SJ, Kim YH, Ha JM, Jin SY, Lee HS, Kim SJ, Shin HK, Chung SW, Bae SS. Essential role of krüppel-like factor 5 during tumor necrosis factor α-induced phenotypic conversion of vascular smooth muscle cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:1323-7. [PMID: 26102029 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.06.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) plays an essential role in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype. In the present study, we provide evidence that krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) plays an essential role in TNFα-induced phenotypic conversion of VSMCs. Ectopic expression of KLF5 completely blocked phenotypic conversion of VSMCs from synthetic to contractile type. In addition, stimulation of VSMCs with TNFα facilitated expression of KLF5, whereas expression of smooth muscle marker genes such as SM22α and smooth muscle actin (SMA) was significantly down-regulated. TNFα significantly enhanced the promoter activity of KLF5 as well as mRNA level, which is significantly suppressed by the inhibition of the MAPK pathway. Silencing of KLF5 suppressed TNFα-induced phenotypic conversion of VSMCs, whereas overexpression of KLF5 stimulated phenotypic conversion of VSMCs and facilitated the loss of angiotensin II (AngII)-dependent contraction. Finally, overexpression of KLF5 significantly attenuated the promoter activity of SM22α and SMA. Therefore, we suggest that TNFα-dependent induction of KLF5 may play an essential role in phenotypic modulation of VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Hee Kim
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ji Yun
- MRC for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration, Medical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hwan Kim
- MRC for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration, Medical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Ha
- MRC for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration, Medical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Yeon Jin
- MRC for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration, Medical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- MRC for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration, Medical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Ja Kim
- Department of Physics, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Kyoung Shin
- Department of Anatomy, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woon Chung
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Sik Bae
- MRC for Ischemic Tissue Regeneration, Medical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea.
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Ci X, Xing C, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Ni JJ, Zhou W, Dong JT. KLF5 inhibits angiogenesis in PTEN-deficient prostate cancer by attenuating AKT activation and subsequent HIF1α accumulation. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:91. [PMID: 25896712 PMCID: PMC4417294 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0365-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background KLF5 is a basic transcriptional factor that regulates multiple physiopathological processes. Our recent study showed that deletion of Klf5 in mouse prostate promotes tumorigenesis initiated by the deletion of Pten. While molecular characterization of Klf5-null tumors suggested that angiogenesis was partially responsible for tumor promotion, the precise function and mechanism of KLF5 deletion in prostate tumor angiogenesis remain unclear. Results Applying histological staining to Pten-null mouse prostates, we observed that deletion of Klf5 significantly increased the number of microvessels, accompanied by the upregulation of multiple angiogenesis-related genes based on microarray analysis with MetaCore software. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HuVECs), tube formation and migration, both of which are indicators of angiogenic activities, were decreased by conditioned media from PC-3 and DU 145 human prostate cancer cells with KLF5 overexpression, but increased by media from cells with KLF5 knockdown. HIF1α, a key angiogenesis inducer, was upregulated by KLF5 loss at the protein but not the mRNA level in both mouse tissues and human cell lines, as determined by immunohistochemical staining, real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. Consistently, KLF5 loss also upregulated VEGF and PDGF, two pro-angiogenic mediators of HIF1α function, as analyzed by immunohistochemical staining in mouse tissues and ELISA in conditioned media. Mechanistically, AKT activity, which caused the accumulation of HIF1α, was increased by KLF5 knockout or knockdown but decreased by KLF5 overexpression. PI3K/AKT inhibitors consistently abolished the effects of KLF5 knockdown on angiogenic activity, HIF1α accumulation, and VEGF and PDGF expression. Conclusion KLF5 loss enhances tumor angiogenesis by attenuating PI3K/AKT signaling and subsequent accumulation of HIF1α in PTEN deficient prostate tumors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-015-0365-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpei Ci
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365-C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Changsheng Xing
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365-C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Baotong Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365-C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Zhiqian Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365-C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Jenny Jianping Ni
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365-C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365-C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365-C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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