1
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Zhang Y, Lv X, Chen L, Liu Y. The role and function of CLU in cancer biology and therapy. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:1375-1391. [PMID: 36098834 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00885-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Clusterin (CLU) is a highly evolutionary conserved glycoprotein with multiple isoform-specific functions and is widely distributed in different species. Accumulated evidence has shown the prominent role of CLU in regulating several essential physiological processes, including programmed cell death, metastasis, invasion, proliferation and cell growth via regulating diverse signaling pathways to mediate cancer progression in various cancers, such as prostate, breast, lung, liver, colon, bladder and pancreatic cancer. Several studies have revealed the potential benefit of inhibiting CLU in CLU inhibition-based targeted cancer therapies in vitro, in vivo or in human, suggesting CLU is a promising therapeutic target. This review discusses the multiple functions and mechanisms of CLU in regulating tumor progression of various cancers and summarizes the inhibitors of CLU used in CLU inhibition-based targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yefei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cancer, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cancer, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cancer, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cancer, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Verma P, Shukla N, Kumari S, Ansari M, Gautam NK, Patel GK. Cancer stem cell in prostate cancer progression, metastasis and therapy resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188887. [PMID: 36997008 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most diagnosed malignancy in the men worldwide. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the sub-population of cells present in the tumor which possess unique properties of self-renewal and multilineage differentiation thus thought to be major cause of therapy resistance, disease relapse, and mortality in several malignancies including PCa. CSCs have also been shown positive for the common stem cells markers such as ALDH EZH2, OCT4, SOX2, c-MYC, Nanog etc. Therefore, isolation and characterization of CSCs specific markers which may discriminate CSCs and normal stem cells are critical to selectively eliminate CSCs. Rapid advances in the field offers a theoretical explanation for many of the enduring uncertainties encompassing the etiology and an optimism for the identification of new stem-cell targets, development of reliable and efficient therapies in the future. The emerging reports have also provided unprecedented insights into CSCs plasticity, quiescence, renewal, and therapeutic response. In this review, we discuss the identification of PCa stem cells, their unique properties, stemness-driving pathways, new diagnostics, and therapeutic interventions.
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3
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PTEN Protein Phosphatase Activity Is Not Required for Tumour Suppression in the Mouse Prostate. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101511. [PMID: 36291720 PMCID: PMC9599176 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss PTEN function is one of the most common events driving aggressive prostate cancers and biochemically, PTEN is a lipid phosphatase which opposes the activation of the oncogenic PI3K-AKT signalling network. However, PTEN also has additional potential mechanisms of action, including protein phosphatase activity. Using a mutant enzyme, PTEN Y138L, which selectively lacks protein phosphatase activity, we characterised genetically modified mice lacking either the full function of PTEN in the prostate gland or only lacking protein phosphatase activity. The phenotypes of mice carrying a single allele of either wild-type Pten or PtenY138L in the prostate were similar, with common prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and similar gene expression profiles. However, the latter group, lacking PTEN protein phosphatase activity additionally showed lymphocyte infiltration around PIN and an increased immune cell gene expression signature. Prostate adenocarcinoma, elevated proliferation and AKT activation were only frequently observed when PTEN was fully deleted. We also identify a common gene expression signature of PTEN loss conserved in other studies (including Nkx3.1, Tnf and Cd44). We provide further insight into tumour development in the prostate driven by loss of PTEN function and show that PTEN protein phosphatase activity is not required for tumour suppression.
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4
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STAT signaling as a target for intervention: from cancer inflammation and angiogenesis to non-coding RNAs modulation. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8987-8999. [PMID: 35474053 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07399-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As a landmark, scientific investigation in cytokine signaling and interferon-related anti-viral activity, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family of proteins was first discovered in the 1990s. Today, we know that the STAT family consists of several transcription factors which regulate various molecular and cellular processes, including proliferation, angiogenesis, and differentiation in human carcinoma. STAT family members play an active role in transducing signals from cell membrane to nucleus through intracellular signaling and thus activating gene transcription. Additionally, they are also associated with the development and progression of human cancer by facilitating inflammation, cell survival, and resistance to therapeutic responses. Accumulating evidence suggests that not all STAT proteins are associated with the progression of human malignancy; however, STAT3/5 are constitutively activated in various cancers, including multiple myeloma, lymphoma, breast cancer, prostate hepatocellular carcinoma, and non-small cell lung cancer. The present review highlights how STAT-associated events are implicated in cancer inflammation, angiogenesis and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) modulation to highlight potential intervention into carcinogenesis-related cellular processes.
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5
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Wang S, Han L, Li J, Liu Y, Wang S. Inflammatory molecules facilitate the development of docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2022; 36:837-849. [PMID: 35255161 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Numerous molecular mechanisms have been found to contribute to docetaxel-induced resistance in prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, the changes in gene expression profiles of multidrug resistant PCa cells that were established in response to docetaxel were determined using microarray analysis. In addition to alterations in the expression of multidrug resistance-associated genes, the expression levels of multiple inflammatory molecules, in particular IL-6, significantly increased in resistant cells in vitro and in vivo, which further increased with the development of drug resistance following microarray, qRT-PCR and ELISA analysis. Compared with parental cells, resistant cells also presented with stronger activation of multiple IL-6-associated signaling pathways STAT1/3, NF-κB, and PI3K/AKT. Inactivation of IL-6 using a neutralizing antibody resulted in a slight effect on the sensitivity of resistant cells to docetaxel, while blockade of of STAT1/3, NF-κB, or PI3K/AKT signaling significantly resensitized resistant cells to docetaxel. Of note, simultaneous inactivation of IL-6 and STAT1/3, PI3K/AKT or NF-κB further enhanced the sensitivity of the resistant cells to docetaxel. Thus, inflammatory molecules, in particular IL-6, and IL-6-associated signaling pathways NF-κB, STAT1/3, and PI3K/AKT, are crucial mediators of the development of docetaxel-resistance in PCa. Targeting inflammatory molecules and signaling pathways could be a potential therapeutic option for the intervention of drug resistance in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikang Wang
- Department of Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Leiqiang Han
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yongqing Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoyong Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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6
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Ebersbach C, Beier AMK, Hönscheid P, Sperling C, Jöhrens K, Baretton GB, Thomas C, Sommer U, Borkowetz A, Erb HHH. Influence of Systemic Therapy on the Expression and Activity of Selected STAT Proteins in Prostate Cancer Tissue. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020240. [PMID: 35207527 PMCID: PMC8877682 DOI: 10.3390/life12020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) proteins have been identified as drivers of prostate cancer (PCa) progression and development of aggressive castration-resistant phenotypes. In particular, STAT3, 5, and 6 have been linked to resistance to androgen receptor inhibition and metastasis in in vitro and in vivo models. This descriptive study aimed to validate these preclinical data in tissue obtained from patients with PCa before and while under androgen-deprivation therapy. Therefore, STAT3, 5, and 6 expressions and activity were assessed by immunohistochemistry. The data revealed that STAT3 and 5 changed in PCa. However, there was no relationship between expression and survival. Moreover, due to the heterogeneous nature of PCa, the preclinical results could not be transferred congruently to the patient’s material. A pilot study with a longitudinal patient cohort could also show this heterogeneous influence of systemic therapy on STAT3, 5, and 6 expressions and activity. Even if the main mechanisms were validated, these data demonstrate the urge for better patient-near preclinical models. Therefore, these data reflect the need for investigations of STAT proteins in a longitudinal patient cohort to identify factors responsible for the diverse influence of system therapy on STAT expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Ebersbach
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.E.); (A.-M.K.B.); (C.T.); (A.B.)
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alicia-Marie K. Beier
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.E.); (A.-M.K.B.); (C.T.); (A.B.)
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Pia Hönscheid
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (P.H.); (C.S.); (K.J.); (G.B.B.); (U.S.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Sperling
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (P.H.); (C.S.); (K.J.); (G.B.B.); (U.S.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Korinna Jöhrens
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (P.H.); (C.S.); (K.J.); (G.B.B.); (U.S.)
- Tumor and Normal Tissue Bank of the University Cancer Center (UCC), University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Gustavo B. Baretton
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (P.H.); (C.S.); (K.J.); (G.B.B.); (U.S.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Tumor and Normal Tissue Bank of the University Cancer Center (UCC), University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Thomas
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.E.); (A.-M.K.B.); (C.T.); (A.B.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sommer
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (P.H.); (C.S.); (K.J.); (G.B.B.); (U.S.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Tumor and Normal Tissue Bank of the University Cancer Center (UCC), University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Angelika Borkowetz
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.E.); (A.-M.K.B.); (C.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Holger H. H. Erb
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.E.); (A.-M.K.B.); (C.T.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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Ebersbach C, Beier AMK, Thomas C, Erb HHH. Impact of STAT Proteins in Tumor Progress and Therapy Resistance in Advanced and Metastasized Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4854. [PMID: 34638338 PMCID: PMC8508518 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) are a family of transcription factors involved in several biological processes such as immune response, cell survival, and cell growth. However, they have also been implicated in the development and progression of several cancers, including prostate cancer (PCa). Although the members of the STAT protein family are structurally similar, they convey different functions in PCa. STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5 are associated with therapy resistance. STAT1 and STAT3 are involved in docetaxel resistance, while STAT3 and STAT5 are involved in antiandrogen resistance. Expression of STAT3 and STAT5 is increased in PCa metastases, and together with STAT6, they play a crucial role in PCa metastasis. Further, expression of STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6 was elevated in advanced and high-grade PCa. STAT2 and STAT4 are currently less researched in PCa. Since STATs are widely involved in PCa, they serve as potential therapeutic targets. Several inhibitors interfering with STATs signaling have been tested unsuccessfully in PCa clinical trials. This review focuses on the respective roles of the STAT family members in PCa, especially in metastatic disease and provides an overview of STAT-inhibitors evaluated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Ebersbach
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.E.); (A.-M.K.B.); (C.T.)
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alicia-Marie K. Beier
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.E.); (A.-M.K.B.); (C.T.)
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Thomas
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.E.); (A.-M.K.B.); (C.T.)
| | - Holger H. H. Erb
- Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.E.); (A.-M.K.B.); (C.T.)
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8
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Nalairndran G, Chung I, Abdul Razack AH, Chung FF, Hii L, Lim W, Looi CK, Mai C, Leong C. Inhibition of Janus Kinase 1 synergizes docetaxel sensitivity in prostate cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8187-8200. [PMID: 34322995 PMCID: PMC8419172 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common malignancy and is the fifth leading cause of cancer mortality among men globally. Docetaxel-based therapy remains the first-line treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, dose-limiting toxicity including neutropenia, myelosuppression and neurotoxicity is the major reason for docetaxel dose reductions and fewer cycles administered, despite a recent study showing a clear survival benefit with increased total number of docetaxel cycles in PCa patients. Although previous studies have attempted to improve the efficacy and reduce docetaxel toxicity through drug combination, no drug has yet demonstrated improved overall survival in clinical trial, highlighting the challenges of improving the activity of docetaxel monotherapy in PCa. Herein, we identified 15 lethality hits for which inhibition could enhance docetaxel sensitivity in PCa cells via a high-throughput kinome-wide loss-of-function screen. Further drug-gene interactions analyses identified Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) as a viable druggable target with existing experimental inhibitors and FDA-approved drugs. We demonstrated that depletion of endogenous JAK1 enhanced docetaxel-induced apoptosis in PCa cells. Furthermore, inhibition of JAK1/2 by baricitinib and ruxolitinib synergizes docetaxel sensitivity in both androgen receptor (AR)-negative DU145 and PC3 cells, but not in the AR-positive LNCaP cells. In contrast, no synergistic effects were observed in cells treated with JAK2-specific inhibitor, fedratinib, suggesting that the synergistic effects are mainly mediated through JAK1 inhibition. In conclusion, the combination therapy with JAK1 inhibitors and docetaxel could be a useful therapeutic strategy in the treatment of prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Nalairndran
- Department of PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Ivy Chung
- Department of PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
- University of Malaya Cancer Research InstituteFaculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | | | - Felicia Fei‐Lei Chung
- Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis Section (MCA)Epigenetics Group (EGE)International Agency for Research on Cancer World Health OrganizationLyon CEDEX 08France
| | - Ling‐Wei Hii
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell ResearchInstitute for ResearchDevelopment and Innovation (IRDI)International Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
- School of PharmacyInternational Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
- School of Postgraduate StudiesInternational Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Wei‐Meng Lim
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell ResearchInstitute for ResearchDevelopment and Innovation (IRDI)International Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
- School of PharmacyInternational Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Chin King Looi
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell ResearchInstitute for ResearchDevelopment and Innovation (IRDI)International Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
- School of Postgraduate StudiesInternational Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Chun‐Wai Mai
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell ResearchInstitute for ResearchDevelopment and Innovation (IRDI)International Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research CenterDepartment of UrologyRen Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chee‐Onn Leong
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell ResearchInstitute for ResearchDevelopment and Innovation (IRDI)International Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
- School of PharmacyInternational Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia
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9
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Han J, Chen X, Xu J, Chu L, Li R, Sun N, Jiang Z, Liu H, Ge X, Zheng J, Yang J, Ikezoe T. Simultaneous silencing Aurora-A and UHRF1 inhibits colorectal cancer cell growth through regulating expression of DNMT1 and STAT1. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:3437-3451. [PMID: 34522170 PMCID: PMC8436113 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.61969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora-A has attracted a great deal of interest as a potential therapeutic target for patients with CRC. However, the outcomes of inhibitors targeting Aurora-A are not as favorable as expected, and the basis behind the ineffectiveness remains unknown. Here, we found that signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) was highly expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) xenograft mouse models that were resistant to alisertib, an Aurora-A inhibitor. Unexpectedly, we found that alisertib disrupted Aurora-A binding with ubiquitin-like with plant homeodomain and ring finger domain 1 (UHRF1), leading to UHRF1 mediated ubiquitination and degradation of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), which in turn resulted in demethylation of CpG islands of STAT1 promoter and STAT1 overexpression. Simultaneous silencing Aurora-A and UHRF1 prevented STAT1 overexpression and effectively inhibited CRC growth. Hence, concomitant targeting Aurora-A and UHRF1 can be a promising therapeutic strategy for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Laili Chu
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongqing Li
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Sun
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Jiang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing Ge
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junnian Zheng
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oncology, the first affiliated hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Takayuki Ikezoe
- The Department of Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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10
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Kannen H, Nomura S, Hazama H, Kaneda Y, Fujino T, Awazu K. Enhancement of Ionization Efficiency Using Zeolite in Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Multiple Drugs in Cancer Cells (Mass Spectrometry of Multiple Drugs in Cells Using Zeolite). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 9:A0091. [PMID: 33299734 PMCID: PMC7708746 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.a0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Combined therapy using photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy has been proposed for anticancer-drug-resistant cancer cells. To evaluate the efficacy of such a combined therapy, the uptakes of an anticancer drug and a photosensitizer in cancer cells must be assessed. Mass spectrometry using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization can detect multiple drugs simultaneously. Human prostate cancer cells PC-3 or docetaxel-resistant cancer cells PC-3-DR were incubated in a serum-free medium containing a photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), and an anticancer drug, docetaxel. A zeolite matrix was created by mixing 6-aza-2-thiothymine and NaY5.6 zeolite, and dissolving in water with 50% acetone. Ions were obtained with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer using a Nd:YAG laser at a wavelength of 355 nm. The cell morphology was preserved by washing the cells with ammonium acetate and drying in a vacuum after drug administration. Protonated PpIX (m/z 563.3) and the sodium adduct ion of docetaxel (m/z 829.9) were obtained from PC-3 cells simultaneously using the zeolite matrix. On the other hand, PpIX was detected but ions originating from docetaxel were not detected from PC-3-DR cells. The result indicated the efficacy of PDT for docetaxel-resistant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kannen
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shusei Nomura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hisanao Hazama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Kaneda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Fujino
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan
| | - Kunio Awazu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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11
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Liu S, Imani S, Deng Y, Pathak JL, Wen Q, Chen Y, Wu J. Targeting IFN/STAT1 Pathway as a Promising Strategy to Overcome Radioresistance. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:6037-6050. [PMID: 32606809 PMCID: PMC7321691 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s256708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The interferon (IFN)-mediated activation of the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) signaling is crucial for cell sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Several preclinical studies have reported that the IFN/STAT1 pathway mediates radioresistance in the tumor microenvironment by shielding the immune responses and activating survival signaling pathways. This review focuses on the oncogenic function of the IFN/STAT1 pathway, emphasizing the major signaling pathway in radiation sensitization. Furthermore, it highlights the possibility of mediatory roles of the IFN/STAT1 pathway as a prognostic therapeutic target in the modulation of resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. MicroRNA involved in the regulation of the IFN/STAT1 pathway is also discussed. A better understanding of radiation-induced IFN/STAT1 signaling will open new opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic strategies, as well as define new approaches to enhance radio-immunotherapy efficacy in the treatment of various types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Saber Imani
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Youcai Deng
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Janak L Pathak
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510140, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
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12
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Wang Z, Pascal LE, Chandran UR, Chaparala S, Lv S, Ding H, Qi L, Wang Z. ELL2 Is Required for the Growth and Survival of AR-Negative Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:4411-4427. [PMID: 32606936 PMCID: PMC7294050 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s248854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elongation factor for RNA polymerase II 2 (ELL2) was reported as a putative tumor suppressor in the prostate. ELL2 is frequently down-regulated in prostatic adenocarcinoma specimens, and loss of ELL2 induced murine prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and enhanced AR-positive prostate cancer cell proliferation. However, the ELL2 gene appears to be amplified in AR-negative neuroendocrine prostate tumors, suggesting a potential oncogenic role for ELL2 in AR-negative prostate cancer cells. In this study, we explored the potential function of ELL2 in PC-3 and DU145, two AR-negative prostate cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods The role of ELL2 in PC-3 and DU145 cells was studied using siRNA-mediated ELL2 knockdown. Genes regulated by ELL2 knockdown in PC-3 cells were identified and analyzed using RNA-Seq and bioinformatics. The expression of representative genes was confirmed by Western blot and/or quantitative PCR. Cell growth was determined by BrdU, MTT and colony formation assays. Cell death was analyzed by 7-AAD/Annexin V staining and trypan blue exclusion staining. Cell cycle was determined by PI staining and flow cytometry. Results ELL2 knockdown inhibited the proliferation of PC-3 and DU145 cells. RNA-Seq analysis showed an enrichment in genes associated with cell death and survival following ELL2 knockdown. The interferon-γ pathway was identified as the top canonical pathway comprising of 55.6% of the genes regulated by ELL2. ELL2 knockdown induced an increase in STAT1 and IRF1 mRNA and an induction of total STAT1 and phosphorylated STAT1 protein. Inhibition of cell proliferation by ELL2 knockdown was partly abrogated by STAT1 knockdown. ELL2 knockdown inhibited colony formation and induced apoptosis in both PC-3 and DU145 cells. Furthermore, knockdown of ELL2 caused S-phase cell cycle arrest, inhibition of CDK2 phosphorylation and cyclin D1 expression, and increased expression of cyclin E. Conclusion ELL2 knockdown in PC-3 and DU145 cells induced S-phase cell cycle arrest and profound apoptosis, which was accompanied by the induction of genes associated with cell death and survival pathways. These observations suggest that ELL2 is a potential oncogenic protein required for survival and proliferation in AR-negative prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Laura E Pascal
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Uma R Chandran
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Srilakshmi Chaparala
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shidong Lv
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Wang
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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13
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Carceles-Cordon M, Kelly WK, Gomella L, Knudsen KE, Rodriguez-Bravo V, Domingo-Domenech J. Cellular rewiring in lethal prostate cancer: the architect of drug resistance. Nat Rev Urol 2020; 17:292-307. [PMID: 32203305 PMCID: PMC7218925 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-020-0298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 5 years, the advent of combination therapeutic strategies has substantially reshaped the clinical management of patients with advanced prostate cancer. However, most of these combination regimens were developed empirically and, despite offering survival benefits, are not enough to halt disease progression. Thus, the development of effective therapeutic strategies that target the mechanisms involved in the acquisition of drug resistance and improve clinical trial design are an unmet clinical need. In this context, we hypothesize that the tumour engineers a dynamic response through the process of cellular rewiring, in which it adapts to the therapy used and develops mechanisms of drug resistance via downstream signalling of key regulatory cascades such as the androgen receptor, PI3K-AKT or GATA2-dependent pathways, as well as initiation of biological processes to revert tumour cells to undifferentiated aggressive states via phenotype switching towards a neuroendocrine phenotype or acquisition of stem-like properties. These dynamic responses are specific for each patient and could be responsible for treatment failure despite multi-target approaches. Understanding the common stages of these cellular rewiring mechanisms to gain a new perspective on the molecular underpinnings of drug resistance might help formulate novel combination therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Carceles-Cordon
- Medical Oncology Department, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - W Kevin Kelly
- Medical Oncology Department, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leonard Gomella
- Urology Department, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Karen E Knudsen
- Medical Oncology Department, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Urology Department, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Cancer Biology Department, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Veronica Rodriguez-Bravo
- Cancer Biology Department, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Josep Domingo-Domenech
- Medical Oncology Department, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Cancer Biology Department, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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14
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Gruber M, Ferrone L, Puhr M, Santer FR, Furlan T, Eder IE, Sampson N, Schäfer G, Handle F, Culig Z. p300 is upregulated by docetaxel and is a target in chemoresistant prostate cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2020; 27:187-198. [PMID: 31951590 PMCID: PMC7040497 DOI: 10.1530/erc-19-0488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Administration of the microtubule inhibitor docetaxel is a common treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and results in prolonged patient overall survival. Usually, after a short period of time chemotherapy resistance emerges and there is urgent need to find new therapeutic targets to overcome therapy resistance. The lysine-acetyltransferase p300 has been correlated to prostate cancer (PCa) progression. Here, we aimed to clarify a possible function of p300 in chemotherapy resistance and verify p300 as a target in chemoresistant PCa. Immunohistochemistry staining of tissue samples revealed significantly higher p300 protein expression in patients who received docetaxel as a neoadjuvant therapy compared to control patients. Elevated p300 expression was confirmed by analysis of publicly available patient data, where significantly higher p300 mRNA expression was found in tissue of mCRPC tumors of docetaxel-treated patients. Consistently, docetaxel-resistant PCa cells showed increased p300 protein expression compared to docetaxel-sensitive counterparts. Docetaxel treatment of PCa cells for 72 h resulted in elevated p300 expression. shRNA-mediated p300 knockdown did not alter colony formation efficiency in docetaxel-sensitive cells, but significantly reduced clonogenic potential of docetaxel-resistant cells. Downregulation of p300 in docetaxel-resistant cells also impaired cell migration and invasion. Taken together, we showed that p300 is upregulated by docetaxel, and our findings suggest that p300 is a possible co-target in treatment of chemoresistant PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Gruber
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lavinia Ferrone
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Martin Puhr
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Frédéric R Santer
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tobias Furlan
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Iris E Eder
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natalie Sampson
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Schäfer
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology, and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Handle
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zoran Culig
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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15
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STAT1 upregulates glutaminase and modulates amino acids and glutathione metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 523:672-677. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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What sustains the multidrug resistance phenotype beyond ABC efflux transporters? Looking beyond the tip of the iceberg. Drug Resist Updat 2019; 46:100643. [PMID: 31493711 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2019.100643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Identification of multidrug (MDR) efflux transporters that belong to the ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) superfamily, represented an important breakthrough for understanding cancer multidrug resistance (MDR) and its possible overcoming. However, recent data indicate that drug resistant cells have a complex intracellular physiology that involves constant changes in energetic and oxidative-reductive metabolic pathways, as well as in the molecular circuitries connecting mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomes. The aim of this review is to discuss the key molecular mechanisms of cellular reprogramming that induce and maintain MDR, beyond the presence of MDR efflux transporters. We specifically highlight how cancer cells characterized by high metabolic plasticity - i.e. cells able to shift the energy metabolism between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, to survive both the normoxic and hypoxic conditions, to modify the cytosolic and mitochondrial oxidative-reductive metabolism, are more prone to adapt to exogenous stressors such as anti-cancer drugs and acquire a MDR phenotype. Similarly, we discuss how changes in mitochondria dynamics and mitophagy rates, changes in proteome stability ensuring non-oncogenic proteostatic mechanisms, changes in ubiquitin/proteasome- and autophagy/lysosome-related pathways, promote the cellular survival under stress conditions, along with the acquisition or maintenance of MDR. After dissecting the complex intracellular crosstalk that takes place during the development of MDR, we suggest that mapping the specific adaptation pathways underlying cell survival in response to stress and targeting these pathways with potent pharmacologic agents may be a new approach to enhance therapeutic efficacy against MDR tumors.
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17
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van Eijk M, Boosman RJ, Schinkel AH, Huitema ADR, Beijnen JH. Cytochrome P450 3A4, 3A5, and 2C8 expression in breast, prostate, lung, endometrial, and ovarian tumors: relevance for resistance to taxanes. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 84:487-499. [PMID: 31309254 PMCID: PMC6682574 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03905-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) subfamily 3A and 2C play a major role in the metabolism of taxane anticancer agents. While their function in hepatic metabolism of taxanes is well established, expression of these enzymes in solid tumors may play a role in the in situ metabolism of drugs as well, potentially affecting the intrinsic taxane susceptibility of these tumors. This article reviews the available literature on intratumoral expression of docetaxel- and paclitaxel-metabolizing enzymes in mammary, prostate, lung, endometrial, and ovarian tumors. Furthermore, the clinical implications of the intratumoral expression of these enzymes are reviewed and the potential of concomitant treatment with protease inhibitors (PIs) as a method to inhibit CYP3A4-mediated metabolism is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten van Eijk
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - René J Boosman
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alfred H Schinkel
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alwin D R Huitema
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Science Faculty, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80082, 3508 TB, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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18
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Tang W, Wallace TA, Yi M, Magi-Galluzzi C, Dorsey TH, Onabajo OO, Obajemu A, Jordan SV, Loffredo CA, Stephens RM, Silverman RH, Stark GR, Klein EA, Prokunina-Olsson L, Ambs S. IFNL4-ΔG Allele Is Associated with an Interferon Signature in Tumors and Survival of African-American Men with Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:5471-5481. [PMID: 30012562 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Men of African ancestry experience an excessive prostate cancer mortality that could be related to an aggressive tumor biology. We previously described an immune-inflammation signature in prostate tumors of African-American (AA) patients. Here, we further deconstructed this signature and investigated its relationships with tumor biology, survival, and a common germline variant in the IFNλ4 (IFNL4) gene.Experimental Design: We analyzed gene expression in prostate tissue datasets and performed genotype and survival analyses. We also overexpressed IFNL4 in human prostate cancer cells.Results: We found that a distinct interferon (IFN) signature that is analogous to the previously described "IFN-related DNA damage resistance signature" (IRDS) occurs in prostate tumors. Evaluation of two independent patient cohorts revealed that IRDS is detected about twice as often in prostate tumors of AA than European-American men. Furthermore, analysis in TCGA showed an association of increased IRDS in prostate tumors with decreased disease-free survival. To explain these observations, we assessed whether IRDS is associated with an IFNL4 germline variant (rs368234815-ΔG) that controls production of IFNλ4, a type III IFN, and is most common in individuals of African ancestry. We show that the IFNL4 rs368234815-ΔG allele was significantly associated with IRDS in prostate tumors and overall survival of AA patients. Moreover, IFNL4 overexpression induced IRDS in three human prostate cancer cell lines.Conclusions: Our study links a germline variant that controls production of IFNλ4 to the occurrence of a clinically relevant IFN signature in prostate tumors that may predominantly affect men of African ancestry. Clin Cancer Res; 24(21); 5471-81. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tiffany A Wallace
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ming Yi
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | | | - Tiffany H Dorsey
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Olusegun O Onabajo
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Adeola Obajemu
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Symone V Jordan
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Christopher A Loffredo
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Robert M Stephens
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Robert H Silverman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - George R Stark
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Eric A Klein
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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19
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Bharadwaj U, Eckols TK, Xu X, Kasembeli MM, Chen Y, Adachi M, Song Y, Mo Q, Lai SY, Tweardy DJ. Small-molecule inhibition of STAT3 in radioresistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:26307-30. [PMID: 27027445 PMCID: PMC5041982 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While STAT3 has been validated as a target for treatment of many cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a STAT3 inhibitor is yet to enter the clinic. We used the scaffold of C188, a small-molecule STAT3 inhibitor previously identified by us, in a hit-to-lead program to identify C188-9. C188-9 binds to STAT3 with high affinity and represents a substantial improvement over C188 in its ability to inhibit STAT3 binding to its pY-peptide ligand, to inhibit cytokine-stimulated pSTAT3, to reduce constitutive pSTAT3 activity in multiple HNSCC cell lines, and to inhibit anchorage dependent and independent growth of these cells. In addition, treatment of nude mice bearing xenografts of UM-SCC-17B, a radioresistant HNSCC line, with C188-9, but not C188, prevented tumor xenograft growth. C188-9 treatment modulated many STAT3-regulated genes involved in oncogenesis and radioresistance, as well as radioresistance genes regulated by STAT1, due to its potent activity against STAT1, in addition to STAT3. C188-9 was well tolerated in mice, showed good oral bioavailability, and was concentrated in tumors. Thus, C188-9, either alone or in combination with radiotherapy, has potential for use in treating HNSCC tumors that demonstrate increased STAT3 and/or STAT1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddalak Bharadwaj
- Department of Infectious Disease, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - T Kris Eckols
- Department of Infectious Disease, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xuejun Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Moses M Kasembeli
- Department of Infectious Disease, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yunyun Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Makoto Adachi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yongcheng Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Qianxing Mo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Biostatistics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stephen Y Lai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David J Tweardy
- Department of Infectious Disease, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Molecular & Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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20
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Yang Z, Chen JS, Wen JK, Gao HT, Zheng B, Qu CB, Liu KL, Zhang ML, Gu JF, Li JD, Zhang YP, Li W, Wang XL, Zhang Y. Silencing of miR-193a-5p increases the chemosensitivity of prostate cancer cells to docetaxel. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:178. [PMID: 29216925 PMCID: PMC5721613 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0649-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Docetaxel-based chemotherapy failure in advanced prostate carcinoma has partly been attributed to the resistance of prostate cancer (PC) cells to docetaxel-induced apoptosis. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify mechanisms of docetaxel chemoresistance and to develop new combination therapies. METHODS miR-193a-5p level was evaluated by qPCR in prostate tissues and cell lines, and its expression in the tissues was also examined by in situ hybridization. PC cell line (PC3 cell) was transfected with miR-193a-5p mimic or its inhibitor, and then cell apoptosis and the expression of its downstream genes Bach2 and HO-1 were detected by TUNEL staining and Western blotting. Luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the effect of miR-193a-5p and Bach2 on HO-1 expression. Xenograft animal model was used to test the effect of miR-193a-5p and docetaxel on PC3 xenograft growth. RESULTS miR-193a-5p was upregulated in PC tissues and PC cell lines, with significant suppression of PC3 cell apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. Mechanistically, miR-193a-5p suppressed the expression of Bach2, a repressor of the HO-1 gene, by directly targeting the Bach2 mRNA 3'-UTR. Docetaxel treatment modestly decreased Bach2 expression and increased HO-1 level in PC3 cells, whereas a modest increase of HO-1 facilitated docetaxel-induced apoptosis. Notably, docetaxel-induced miR-193a-5p upregulation, which in turn inhibits Bach2 expression and thus relieves Bach2 repression of HO-1 expression, partly counteracted docetaxel-induced apoptosis, as evidenced by the increased Bcl-2 and decreased Bax expression. Accordingly, silencing of miR-193a-5p enhanced sensitization of PC3 cells to docetaxel-induced apoptosis. Finally, depletion of miR-193a-5p significantly reduced PC xenograft growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Silencing of miR-193a-5p or blockade of the miR-193a-5p-Bach2-HO-1 pathway may be a novel therapeutic approach for castration-resistant PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education of China, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan E Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.,Department of Science and Technology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping W Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jin-Suo Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jin-Kun Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education of China, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan E Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Hai-Tao Gao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education of China, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan E Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Chang-Bao Qu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Kai-Long Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Man-Li Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education of China, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan E Rd, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.,Department of Emergency Medicine, The second hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Jun-Fei Gu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jing-Dong Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
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Jin R, Chen X, Han D, Luo X, Li H. Clusterin modulates transdifferentiation of non-small-cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:661. [PMID: 28954633 PMCID: PMC5618728 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3649-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Secreted clusterin (sCLU), a 75–80 kDa disulfide-linked heterodimeric protein, plays crucial roles in various pathophysiological processes, including lipid transport, tissue remodeling, cell apoptosis and reproduction. Our previous studies demonstrated that sCLU could influence cell apoptosis, proliferation, and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Methods In this study, clusterin’s function in regulating transdifferentiation of NSCLC cells was investigated. In addition, we examined the correlation between clusterin and clinicopathological features of lung cancer. Results We found that clusterin was increased in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and decreased in lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues through immunohistochemical technique. In cultured lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, clusterin addition could increase SP-C protein expression in 2.75-fold, and decrease p63 protein expression in 0.65-fold (1.54 to 1). And also clusterin addition could increase SP-C mRNA expression in 4.05-fold, decreased p63 mRNA expression in 0.51-fold. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that clusterin could promote EMT and influence transdifferentiation from lung squamous cell carcinoma to lung adenocarcinoma. However, we found that clusterin expression have no correlation with malignance associate clinicopathological data. Our study may help to further elucidate the development and progression of NSCLC, also it may contribute to the research of therapies targeting sCLU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runsen Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingshi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingpei Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes & Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.25/Ln2200, XieTu Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Hecheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Armstrong CM, Liu C, Lou W, Lombard AP, Evans CP, Gao AC. MicroRNA-181a promotes docetaxel resistance in prostate cancer cells. Prostate 2017; 77:1020-1028. [PMID: 28485104 PMCID: PMC5448975 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Docetaxel is one of the primary drugs used for treating castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Unfortunately, over time patients invariably develop resistance to docetaxel therapy and their disease will continue to progress. The mechanisms by which resistance develops are still incompletely understood. This study seeks to determine the involvement of miRNAs, specifically miR-181a, in docetaxel resistance in CRPC. METHODS Real-time PCR was used to measure miR-181a expression in parental and docetaxel resistant C4-2B and DU145 cells (TaxR and DU145-DTXR). miR-181a expression was modulated in parental or docetaxel resistant cells by transfecting them with miR-181a mimics or antisense, respectively. Following transfection, cell number was determined after 48 h with or without docetaxel. Cross resistance to cabazitaxel induced by miR-181a was also determined. Western blots were used to determine ABCB1 protein expression and rhodamine assays used to assess activity. Phospho-p53 expression was assessed by Western blot and apoptosis was measured by ELISA in C4-2B TaxR and PC3 cells with inhibited or overexpressed miR-181a expression with or without docetaxel. RESULTS miR-181a is significantly overexpressed in TaxR and DU145-DTXR cells compared to parental cells. Overexpression of miR-181a in parental cells confers docetaxel and cabazitaxel resistance and knockdown of miR-181a in TaxR cells re-sensitizes them to treatment with both docetaxel and cabazitaxel. miR-181a was not observed to impact ABCB1 expression or activity, a protein which was previously demonstrated to be highly involved in docetaxel resistance. Knockdown of miR-181a in TaxR cells induced phospho-p53 expression. Furthermore, miR-181a knockdown alone induced apoptosis in TaxR cells which could be further enhanced by the addition of DTX. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of mir-181a in prostate cancer cells contributes to their resistance to docetaxel and cabazitaxel and inhibition of mir-181a expression can restore treatment response. This is due, in part, to modulation of p53 phosphorylation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chengfei Liu
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis, CA, USA
| | - Wei Lou
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis, CA, USA
| | - Alan P. Lombard
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis, CA, USA
| | - Christopher P Evans
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis, CA, USA
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, CA, USA
| | - Allen C. Gao
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis, CA, USA
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, CA, USA
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clusterin (CLU) is a stress-activated, ATP-independent molecular chaperone, normally secreted from cells, that is up-regulated in Alzheimer disease and in many cancers. It plays important roles in protein homeostasis/proteostasis, inhibition of cell death pathways, and modulation of pro-survival signalling and transcriptional networks. Changes in the CLU gene locus are highly associated with Alzheimer disease, and many therapy-resistant cancers over-express CLU. The extensive post-translational processing and heterogeneous oligomerization of CLU have so far prevented any definitive structure determination. This in turn has meant that targeting CLU with small molecule inhibitors is challenging. Therefore, inhibiting CLU at the gene-expression level using siRNA or antisense is a valid approach to inhibit its function. Areas covered: This article reviews recent advances regarding the role of CLU in proteostasis, cellular trafficking, human diseases, and signalling pathways involved in oncogenesis. It addresses the rationale for CLU as a therapeutic target in cancer, and the current status of pre-clinical and clinical studies using CLU antisense inhibitor OGX011. Expert opinion: Discusses challenges facing the therapeutic targeting of CLU including rapid changes in the treatment landscape for prostate cancer with multiple new FDA approved drugs, selection of windows of intervention, and potential side effects when silencing CLU expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Wilson
- a School of Biological Sciences , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , Australia
| | - Amina Zoubeidi
- b Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre , University of British Columbia and Vancouver General Hospital , Vancouver , Canada
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Lohiya V, Aragon-Ching JB, Sonpavde G. Role of Chemotherapy and Mechanisms of Resistance to Chemotherapy in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Clin Med Insights Oncol 2016; 10:57-66. [PMID: 27773999 PMCID: PMC5065075 DOI: 10.4137/cmo.s34535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy using the taxanes, docetaxel and cabazitaxel, remains an important therapeutic option in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, despite the survival benefits afforded by these agents, the survival increments are modest and resistance occurs universally. Efforts to overcome resistance to docetaxel by combining with biologic agents have heretofore been unsuccessful. Indeed, resistance to these taxanes is also associated with cross-resistance to the antiandrogen drugs, abiraterone and enzalutamide. Here, we discuss the various mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy in metastatic CRPC and the potential role of emerging regimens and agents in varying clinical phases of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Lohiya
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Guru Sonpavde
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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25
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Lin HY, Cheng CH, Chen DT, Chen YA, Park JY. Coexpression and expression quantitative trait loci analyses of the angiogenesis gene-gene interaction network in prostate cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2016; 5:S951-S963. [PMID: 28664150 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2016.10.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) shows a substantial clinical heterogeneity. The existing risk classification for PCa prognosis based on clinical factors is not sufficient. Although some biomarkers for PCa aggressiveness have been identified, their underlying functional mechanisms are still unclear. We previously reported a gene-gene interaction network associated with PCa aggressiveness based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-SNP interactions in the angiogenesis pathway. The goal of this study is to investigate potential functional evidence of the involvement of the genes in this gene-gene interaction network. METHODS A total of 11 angiogenesis genes were evaluated. The crosstalks among genes were examined through coexpression and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analyses. The study population is 352 Caucasian PCa patients in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) study. The pairwise coexpressions among the genes of interest were evaluated using the Spearman coefficient. The eQTL analyses were tested using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS Among all within gene and 55 possible pairwise gene evaluations, 12 gene pairs and one gene (MMP16) showed strong coexpression or significant eQTL evidence. There are nine gene pairs with a strong correlation (Spearman correlation ≥0.6, P<1×10-13). The top coexpressed gene pairs are EGFR-SP1 (r=0.73), ITGB3-HSPG2 (r=0.71), ITGB3-CSF1 (r=0.70), MMP16-FBLN5 (r=0.68), ITGB3-MMP16 (r=0.65), ITGB3-ROBO1 (r=0.62), CSF1-HSPG2 (r=0.61), CSF1-FBLN5 (r=0.6), and CSF1-ROBO1 (r=0.60). One cis-eQTL in MMP16 and five trans-eQTLs (MMP16-ESR1, ESR1-ROBO1, CSF1-ROBO1, HSPG2-ROBO1, and FBLN5-CSF1) are significant with a false discovery rate q value less than 0.2. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide potential biological evidence for the gene-gene interactions in this angiogenesis network. These identified interactions between the angiogenesis genes not only provide information for PCa etiology mechanism but also may serve as integrated biomarkers for building a risk prediction model for PCa aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yi Lin
- Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Chia-Ho Cheng
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Dung-Tsa Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Y Ann Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jong Y Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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26
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Armstrong CM, Gao AC. Adaptive pathways and emerging strategies overcoming treatment resistance in castration resistant prostate cancer. Asian J Urol 2016. [PMID: 28642838 PMCID: PMC5477778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapies available for prostate cancer patients whom progress from hormone-sensitive to castration resistant prostate cancer include both systemic drugs, including docetaxel and cabazitaxel, and drugs that inhibit androgen signaling such as enzalutamide and abiraterone. Unfortunately, it is estimated that up to 30% of patients have primary resistance to these treatments and over time even those who initially respond to therapy will eventually develop resistance and their disease will continue to progress regardless of the presence of the drug. Determining the mechanisms involved in the development of resistance to these therapies has been the area of intense study and several adaptive pathways have been uncovered. Androgen receptor (AR) mutations, expression of AR-V7 (or other constitutively active androgen receptor variants), intracrine androgen production and overexpression of androgen synthesis enzymes such as Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1, Member C3 (AKR1C3) are among the many mechanisms associated with resistance to anti-androgens. In regards to the taxanes, one of the key contributors to drug resistance is increased drug efflux through ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily B Member 1 (ABCB1). Targeting these resistance mechanisms using different strategies has led to various levels of success in overcoming resistance to current therapies. For instance, targeting AR-V7 with niclosamide or AKR1C3 with indomethacin can improve enzalutamide and abiraterone treatment. ABCB1 transport activity can be inhibited by the dietary constituent apigenin and antiandrogens such as bicalutamide which in turn improves response to docetaxel. A more thorough understanding of how drug resistance develops will lead to improved treatment strategies. This review will cover the current knowledge of resistance mechanisms to castration resistant prostate cancer therapies and methods that have been identified which may improve treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Allen C Gao
- Department of Urology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.,VA Northern California Health Care System, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Shapiro B, Tocci P, Haase G, Gavert N, Ben-Ze'ev A. Clusterin, a gene enriched in intestinal stem cells, is required for L1-mediated colon cancer metastasis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:34389-401. [PMID: 26399194 PMCID: PMC4741460 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactive Wnt signaling is a common feature in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. A central question is the identification and role of Wnt/β-catenin target genes in CRC and their relationship to genes enriched in colonic stem cells, since Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells were suggested to be the cell of CRC origin. Previously, we identified the neural immunoglobulin-like adhesion receptor L1 as a Wnt/β-catenin target gene localized in cells at the invasive front of CRC tissue and showed that L1 expression in CRC cells confers enhanced motility and liver metastasis. Here, we identified the clusterin (CLU) gene that is also enriched in Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells, as a gene induced during L1-mediated CRC metastasis. The increase in CLU levels by L1 in CRC cells resulted from transactivation of CLU by STAT-1. CLU overexpression in CRC cells enhanced their motility and the reduction in CLU levels in L1 overexpressing cells suppressed the ability of L1 to confer increased tumorigenesis and liver metastasis. Genes induced during L1-mediated CRC cell metastasis and enriched in intestinal stem cells might be important for both CRC progression and colonic epithelium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beny Shapiro
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Piera Tocci
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Gal Haase
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Nancy Gavert
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Avri Ben-Ze'ev
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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28
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Therapeutic targeting of myeloid-derived suppressor cells involves a novel mechanism mediated by clusterin. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29521. [PMID: 27405665 PMCID: PMC4942787 DOI: 10.1038/srep29521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) constitute a key checkpoint that impedes tumor immunity against cancer. Chemotherapeutic intervention of MDSCs has gained ground as a strategy for cancer therapy but its mechanism remains obscure.We report here a unique mechanism by which monocytic (M)-MDSCs are spared, allowing them to polarize towards M1 macrophages for reactivation of immunity against breast cancer. We first demonstrated that curcumin, like docetaxel (DTX), can selectively target CD11b+Ly6G+Ly6Clow granulocytic (G)-MDSCs, sparing CD11b+Ly6G−Ly6Chigh M-MDSCs, with reduced tumor burden in 4T1-Neu tumor-bearing mice. Curcumin treatment polarized surviving M-MDSCs toward CCR7+ Dectin-1−M1 cells, accompanied by IFN-γ production and cytolytic function in T cells. Selective M-MDSC chemoresistence to curcumin and DTX was mediated by secretory/cytoplasmic clusterin (sCLU). sCLU functions by trapping Bax from mitochondrial translocation, preventing the apoptotic cascade. Importantly, sCLU was only found in M-MDSCs but not in G-MDSCs. Knockdown of sCLU in M-MDSCs and RAW264.7 macrophages was found to reverse their natural chemoresistance. Clinically, breast cancer patients possess sCLU expression only in mature CD68+ macrophages but not in immature CD33+ immunosuppressive myeloid cells infiltrating the tumors. We thus made the seminal discovery that sCLU expression in M-MDSCs accounts for positive immunomodulation by chemotherapeutic agents.
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29
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Jackson JD, Markert JM, Li L, Carroll SL, Cassady KA. STAT1 and NF-κB Inhibitors Diminish Basal Interferon-Stimulated Gene Expression and Improve the Productive Infection of Oncolytic HSV in MPNST Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2016; 14:482-92. [PMID: 26883073 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-15-0427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Interferon-stimulated genes (ISG) encode diverse proteins that mediate intrinsic antiviral resistance in infected cells. Here it was hypothesized that malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells resist the productive infection of oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) through activation of the JAK/STAT1 pathway and resultant upregulation of ISGs. Multiple human and mouse MPNST cells were used to explore the relationship between STAT1 activation and the productive infection of Δγ134.5 oHSVs. STAT1 activation in response to oHSV infection was found to associate with diminished Δγ134.5 oHSVs replication and spread. Multiday pretreatment, but not cotreatment, with a JAK inhibitor significantly improved viral titer and spread. ISG expression was found to be elevated prior to infection and downregulated when treated with the inhibitor, suggesting that the JAK/STAT1 pathway is active prior to infection. Conversely, upregulation of ISG expression in normally permissive cells significantly decreased oHSV productivity. Finally, a possible link between NF-κB pathway activation and ISG expression was established through the expression of inhibitor of kB (IκB) which decreased basal STAT1 transcription and ISG expression. These results demonstrate that basal ISG expression prior to infection contributes to the resistance of Δγ134.5 oHSVs in MPNST cells. IMPLICATIONS Although cancer-associated ISG expression has been previously reported to impart resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, these data show that basal ISG expression also contributes to oncolytic HSV resistance. Mol Cancer Res; 14(5); 482-92. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Jackson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - James M Markert
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Li Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Steven L Carroll
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Kevin A Cassady
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
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Basu A, Cajigas-Du Ross CK, Rios-Colon L, Mediavilla-Varela M, Daniels-Wells TR, Leoh LS, Rojas H, Banerjee H, Martinez SR, Acevedo-Martinez S, Casiano CA. LEDGF/p75 Overexpression Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Induced Necrosis and Upregulates the Oxidoreductase ERP57/PDIA3/GRP58 in Prostate Cancer. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146549. [PMID: 26771192 PMCID: PMC4714844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) mortality is driven by highly aggressive tumors characterized by metastasis and resistance to therapy, and this aggressiveness is mediated by numerous factors, including activation of stress survival pathways in the pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment. LEDGF/p75, also known as the DFS70 autoantigen, is a stress transcription co-activator implicated in cancer, HIV-AIDS, and autoimmunity. This protein is targeted by autoantibodies in certain subsets of patients with PCa and inflammatory conditions, as well as in some apparently healthy individuals. LEDGF/p75 is overexpressed in PCa and other cancers, and promotes resistance to chemotherapy-induced cell death via the transactivation of survival proteins. We report in this study that overexpression of LEDGF/p75 in PCa cells attenuates oxidative stress-induced necrosis but not staurosporine-induced apoptosis. This finding was consistent with the observation that while LEDGF/p75 was robustly cleaved in apoptotic cells into a p65 fragment that lacks stress survival activity, it remained relatively intact in necrotic cells. Overexpression of LEDGF/p75 in PCa cells led to the upregulation of transcript and protein levels of the thiol-oxidoreductase ERp57 (also known as GRP58 and PDIA3), whereas its depletion led to ERp57 transcript downregulation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and transcription reporter assays showed LEDGF/p75 binding to and transactivating the ERp57 promoter, respectively. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed significantly elevated co-expression of these two proteins in clinical prostate tumor tissues. Our results suggest that LEDGF/p75 is not an inhibitor of apoptosis but rather an antagonist of oxidative stress-induced necrosis, and that its overexpression in PCa leads to ERp57 upregulation. These findings are of significance in clarifying the role of the LEDGF/p75 stress survival pathway in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Basu
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Christina K. Cajigas-Du Ross
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350, United States of America
| | - Leslimar Rios-Colon
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350, United States of America
| | - Melanie Mediavilla-Varela
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350, United States of America
| | - Tracy R. Daniels-Wells
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350, United States of America
| | - Lai Sum Leoh
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350, United States of America
| | - Heather Rojas
- Department of Pathology and Human Anatomy, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350, United States of America
| | - Hiya Banerjee
- Novartis Pharmaceutical Oncology, East Hanover, New Jersey 08807, United States of America
| | - Shannalee R. Martinez
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350, United States of America
| | - Stephanny Acevedo-Martinez
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350, United States of America
| | - Carlos A. Casiano
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350, United States of America
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Camicia R, Winkler HC, Hassa PO. Novel drug targets for personalized precision medicine in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a comprehensive review. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:207. [PMID: 26654227 PMCID: PMC4676894 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0474-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a clinically heterogeneous lymphoid malignancy and the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in adults, with one of the highest mortality rates in most developed areas of the world. More than half of DLBLC patients can be cured with standard R-CHOP regimens, however approximately 30 to 40 % of patients will develop relapsed/refractory disease that remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to the limited therapeutic options.Recent advances in gene expression profiling have led to the identification of at least three distinct molecular subtypes of DLBCL: a germinal center B cell-like subtype, an activated B cell-like subtype, and a primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma subtype. Moreover, recent findings have not only increased our understanding of the molecular basis of chemotherapy resistance but have also helped identify molecular subsets of DLBCL and rational targets for drug interventions that may allow for subtype/subset-specific molecularly targeted precision medicine and personalized combinations to both prevent and treat relapsed/refractory DLBCL. Novel agents such as lenalidomide, ibrutinib, bortezomib, CC-122, epratuzumab or pidilizumab used as single-agent or in combination with (rituximab-based) chemotherapy have already demonstrated promising activity in patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL. Several novel potential drug targets have been recently identified such as the BET bromodomain protein (BRD)-4, phosphoribosyl-pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS)-2, macrodomain-containing mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase (ARTD)-9 (also known as PARP9), deltex-3-like E3 ubiquitin ligase (DTX3L) (also known as BBAP), NF-kappaB inducing kinase (NIK) and transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGFβR).This review highlights the new insights into the molecular basis of relapsed/refractory DLBCL and summarizes the most promising drug targets and experimental treatments for relapsed/refractory DLBCL, including the use of novel agents such as lenalidomide, ibrutinib, bortezomib, pidilizumab, epratuzumab, brentuximab-vedotin or CAR T cells, dual inhibitors, as well as mechanism-based combinatorial experimental therapies. We also provide a comprehensive and updated list of current drugs, drug targets and preclinical and clinical experimental studies in DLBCL. A special focus is given on STAT1, ARTD9, DTX3L and ARTD8 (also known as PARP14) as novel potential drug targets in distinct molecular subsets of DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Camicia
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.,Stem Cell Research Laboratory, NHS Blood and Transplant, Nuffield Division of Clinical, Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.,MRC-UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology Unit, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E6BT, UK
| | - Hans C Winkler
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paul O Hassa
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Hatziieremia S, Mohammed Z, McCall P, Willder JM, Roseweir AK, Underwood MA, Edwards J. Loss of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 is associated with prostate cancer recurrence. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:1667-1677. [PMID: 26495772 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
STAT1 loss has previously been implicated in cell line studies to modify prostate cancer cell growth and survival, however the clinical significance of this has not previously been established. This study investigated if STAT1 loss was associated with patient outcome measures and the phenotypic consequence of STAT1 silencing. STAT1 expression was assessed in two patient cohorts with localised (n = 78) and advanced prostate cancer at initial diagnosis (n = 39) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Impact of STAT1 silencing on prostate cancer cells lines was assessed using Cell Death detection ELISA, TLDA gene signature apoptosis arrays, WST-1 assay, xCELLigence system, clonogenic assay, and wound healing assay. In the localised patient cohort, low expression of STAT1 was associated with shorter time to disease recurrence (3.8 vs 7.3 years, P = 0.02) and disease specific survival (6.6 vs 9.3 years, P = 0.05). In the advanced patient cohort, low expression was associated with shorter time to disease recurrence (2.0 vs 3.9 years, P = 0.001). When STAT1 was silenced in PC3 cells (AR negative) and LNCaP cells (AR positive) silencing did not influence levels of apoptosis in either cell line and had little effect on cell viability in the LNCaP cells. In contrast, STAT1 silencing in the PC3 cells resulted in a pronounced increase in cell viability (WST-1 assay: mock silenced vs STAT1 silenced, P < 0.001), clonagenicity (clonogenic assay: mock silenced vs STAT1 silenced, P < 0.001), and migration (wound healing: mock silenced vs STAT1 silenced, P < 0.001). In conclusion, loss of STAT1 may promote prostate cancer recurrence in AR negative patients via increasing cell viability. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Hatziieremia
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Zahra Mohammed
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela McCall
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer M Willder
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Antonia K Roseweir
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Underwood
- Department of Urology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne Edwards
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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HMGB1 induction of clusterin creates a chemoresistant niche in human prostate tumor cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15085. [PMID: 26469759 PMCID: PMC4606829 DOI: 10.1038/srep15085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of chemoresistance, especially to docetaxel (DTX), is the primary barrier to the cure of castration-resistant prostate cancer but its mechanism is obscure. Here, we report a seminal crosstalk between dying and residual live tumor cells during treatment with DTX that can result in outgrowth of a chemoresistant population. Survival was due to the induction of secretory/cytoplasmic clusterin (sCLU), which is a potent anti-apoptotic protein known to bind and sequester Bax from mitochondria, to prevent caspase 3 activation. sCLU induction in live cells depended on HMGB1 release from dying cells. Supernatants from DTX-treated DU145 tumor cells, which were shown to contain HMGB1, effectively induced sCLU from newly-plated DU145 tumor cells and protected them from DTX toxicity. Addition of anti-HMBG1 to the supernatant or pretreatment of newly-plated DU145 tumor cells with anti-TLR4 or anti-RAGE markedly abrogated sCLU induction and protective effect of the supernatant. Mechanistically, HMGB1 activated NFκB to promote sCLU gene expression and prevented the translocation of activated Bax to mitochondria to block cell death. Importantly, multiple currently-used chemotherapeutic drugs could release HMGB1 from tumor cells. These results suggest that acquisition of chemoresistance may involve the HMGB1/TLR4-RAGE/sCLU pathway triggered by dying cells to provide survival advantage to remnant live tumor cells.
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Puhr M, Hoefer J, Neuwirt H, Eder IE, Kern J, Schäfer G, Geley S, Heidegger I, Klocker H, Culig Z. PIAS1 is a crucial factor for prostate cancer cell survival and a valid target in docetaxel resistant cells. Oncotarget 2015; 5:12043-56. [PMID: 25474038 PMCID: PMC4322998 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Occurrence of an inherent or acquired resistance to the chemotherapeutic drug docetaxel is a major burden for patients suffering from different kinds of malignancies, including castration resistant prostate cancer (PCa). In the present study we address the question whether PIAS1 targeting can be used to establish a basis for improved PCa treatment. The expression status and functional relevance of PIAS1 was evaluated in primary tumors, in metastatic lesions, in tissue of patients after docetaxel chemotherapy, and in docetaxel resistant cells. Patient data were complemented by functional studies on PIAS1 knockdown in vitro as well as in chicken chorioallantoic membrane and mouse xenograft in vivo models. PIAS1 was found to be overexpressed in local and metastatic PCa and its expression was further elevated in tumors after docetaxel treatment as well as in docetaxel resistant cells. Furthermore, PIAS1 knockdown experiments revealed an increased expression of tumor suppressor p21 and declined expression of anti-apoptotic protein Mcl1, which caused diminished cell proliferation and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. In summary, the presented data indicate that PIAS1 is crucial for parental and docetaxel resistant PCa cell survival and is therefore a promising new target for treatment of primary, metastatic, and chemotherapy resistant PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Puhr
- Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia Hoefer
- Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hannes Neuwirt
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Iris E Eder
- Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johann Kern
- Oncotyrol Laboratory for Tumor Biology and Angiogenesis, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Schäfer
- Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stephan Geley
- Division of Molecular Pathophysiology, Innsbruck Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Isabel Heidegger
- Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helmut Klocker
- Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zoran Culig
- Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Nakamura KDM, Tilli TM, Wanderley JL, Palumbo A, Mattos RM, Ferreira AC, Klumb CE, Nasciutti LE, Gimba ER. Osteopontin splice variants expression is involved on docetaxel resistance in PC3 prostate cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:2655-63. [PMID: 26404131 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4095-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a phosphoprotein that activates several aspects of tumor progression. Alternative splicing of the OPN primary transcript generates three splicing isoforms, OPNa, OPNb and OPNc. In this report, we investigated some cellular mechanisms by which OPN splice variants could mediate PC3 prostate cancer (PCa) cell survival and growth in response to docetaxel (DXT)-induced cell death. Cell survival before and after DXT treatment was analyzed by phase-contrast microscopy and crystal-violet staining assays. Quantitative real-time PCR and immunocytochemical staining assays were used to evaluate the putative involvement of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and OPN isoforms on mediating PC3 cell survival. Upon DXT treatment, PC3 cells overexpressing OPNb or OPNc isoforms showed higher cell densities, compared to cells overexpressing OPNa and controls. Notably, cells overexpressing OPNb or OPNc isoforms showed a downregulated pattern of EMT epithelial cell markers, while mesenchymal markers were mostly upregulated in these experimental conditions. We concluded that OPNc or OPNb overexpression in PC3 cells can mediate resistance and cell survival features in response to DXT-induced cell death. Our data also provide evidence the EMT program could be one of the molecular mechanisms mediating survival in OPNb- or OPNc-overexpressing cells in response to DXT treatment. These data could further contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which PCa cells acquire resistance to DXT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D M Nakamura
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - T M Tilli
- Programa de Pós Graduação Stricto Sensu em Oncologia, Coordenação Geral Técnico Científica do Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCa), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - J L Wanderley
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - A Palumbo
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - R M Mattos
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - A C Ferreira
- Laboratório de Hemato-Oncologia Celular e Molecular. Programa de Pesquisa em Hemato-Oncologia Molecular-CGTC, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - C E Klumb
- Laboratório de Hemato-Oncologia Celular e Molecular. Programa de Pesquisa em Hemato-Oncologia Molecular-CGTC, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - L E Nasciutti
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - E R Gimba
- Programa de Pós Graduação Stricto Sensu em Oncologia, Coordenação Geral Técnico Científica do Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCa), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. .,Departamento de Ciências da Natureza (RCN), Instituto de Humanidades e Sáude IHS, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Recife s/n-Bairro Bela Vista, Rio das Ostras, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 28895-532, Brazil.
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Muhammad LA, Saad F. The role of clusterin in prostate cancer: treatment resistance and potential as a therapeutic target. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2015; 15:1049-61. [DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2015.1064769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Wang BD, Ceniccola K, Yang Q, Andrawis R, Patel V, Ji Y, Rhim J, Olender J, Popratiloff A, Latham P, Lai Y, Patierno SR, Lee NH. Identification and Functional Validation of Reciprocal microRNA-mRNA Pairings in African American Prostate Cancer Disparities. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:4970-84. [PMID: 26089375 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE African Americans (AA) exhibit higher rates of prostate cancer incidence and mortality compared with European American (EA) men. In addition to socioeconomic influences, biologic factors are believed to play a critical role in prostate cancer disparities. We investigated whether population-specific and -enriched miRNA-mRNA interactions might contribute to prostate cancer disparities. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Integrative genomics was used, combining miRNA and mRNA profiling, miRNA target prediction, pathway analysis, and functional validation, to map miRNA-mRNA interactions associated with prostate cancer disparities. RESULTS We identified 22 AA-specific and 18 EA-specific miRNAs in prostate cancer versus patient-matched normal prostate, and 10 "AA-enriched/-depleted" miRNAs in AA prostate cancer versus EA prostate cancer comparisons. Many of these population-specific/-enriched miRNAs could be paired with target mRNAs that exhibited an inverse pattern of differential expression. Pathway analysis revealed EGFR (or ERBB) signaling as a critical pathway significantly regulated by AA-specific/-enriched mRNAs and miRNA-mRNA pairings. Novel miRNA-mRNA pairings were validated by qRT-PCR, Western blot, and/or IHC analyses in prostate cancer specimens. Loss/gain of function assays performed in population-specific prostate cancer cell lines confirmed miR-133a/MCL1, miR-513c/STAT1, miR-96/FOXO3A, miR-145/ITPR2, and miR-34a/PPP2R2A as critical miRNA-mRNA pairings driving oncogenesis. Manipulating the balance of these pairings resulted in decreased proliferation and invasion, and enhanced sensitization to docetaxel-induced cytotoxicity in AA prostate cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that AA-specific/-enriched miRNA-mRNA pairings may play a critical role in the activation of oncogenic pathways in AA prostate cancer. Our findings also suggest that miR-133a/MCL1, miR-513c/STAT1, and miR-96/FOXO3A may have clinical significance in the development of novel strategies for treating aggressive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Dar Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Kristin Ceniccola
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Ramez Andrawis
- Medical Faculty Associates, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Vyomesh Patel
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Youngmi Ji
- Cartilage Biology and Orthopedics Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Johng Rhim
- Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jacqueline Olender
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Anastas Popratiloff
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Patricia Latham
- Department of Pathology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Yinglei Lai
- Department of Statistics, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Steven R Patierno
- GW Cancer Institute, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia. Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Norman H Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia.
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38
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[New therapies in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer]. Bull Cancer 2015; 102:501-8. [PMID: 26022286 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic arsenal in prostate cancer widens for several years. New hormonal therapies such as acetate abiraterone or enzalutamide were the first molecules to revolutionize the treatment of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer. Several other treatments are on trial targeting different pathways: androgene pathway (TAK-007, ARN-509, ODM-201, TOK-001), immune system (sipuleucel, ipilimumab, PROSTVAC-V/F, tasquinimod), but also tumor cell (PARP inhibitor, cabozantinib). The treatment sequencing will therefore soon be problematic, raising the necessity to identify predictive markers of response to the new therapies.
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Arichi N, Mitsui Y, Hiraki M, Nakamura S, Hiraoka T, Sumura M, Hirata H, Tanaka Y, Dahiya R, Yasumoto H, Shiina H. Versican is a potential therapeutic target in docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer. Oncoscience 2015; 2:193-204. [PMID: 25859560 PMCID: PMC4381710 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we investigated a combination of docetaxel and thalidomide (DT therapy) in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients. We identified marker genes that predict the effect of DT therapy. Using an androgen-insensitive PC3 cell line, we established a docetaxel-resistant PC-3 cell line (DR-PC3). In DR-PC3 cells, DT therapy stronger inhibited proliferation/viability than docetaxel alone. Based on gene ontology analysis, we found versican as a selective gene. This result with the findings of cDNA microarray and validated by quantitative RT-PCR. In addition, the effect of DT therapy on cell viability was the same as the effect of docetaxel plus versican siRNA. In other words, silencing of versican can substitute for thalidomide. In the clinical setting, versican expression in prostate biopsy samples (before DT therapy) correlated with PSA reduction after DT therapy (p<0.05). Thus targeting versican is a potential therapeutic strategy in docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Arichi
- Departments of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Yozo Mitsui
- Departments of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan ; Department of Urology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Miho Hiraki
- Departments of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Sigenobu Nakamura
- Departments of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Takeo Hiraoka
- Departments of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sumura
- Departments of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hirata
- Department of Urology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Yuichiro Tanaka
- Department of Urology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Rajvir Dahiya
- Department of Urology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Hiroaki Yasumoto
- Departments of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shiina
- Departments of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
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40
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Ibuki N, Ghaffari M, Reuveni H, Pandey M, Fazli L, Azuma H, Gleave ME, Levitzki A, Cox ME. The tyrphostin NT157 suppresses insulin receptor substrates and augments therapeutic response of prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:2827-39. [PMID: 25267499 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling is associated with castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) progression. Insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS1/2) mediate mitogenic and antiapoptotic signaling from IGF1 receptor (IGF1R), insulin receptor, and other oncoproteins. This study demonstrates that IRS1/2 expression is increased in prostate cancer, and persists in CRPC. Furthermore, this study assesses the anticancer activity of NT157, a small molecule tyrphostin targeting IRS proteins, using androgen-responsive (LNCaP) and -independent (PC3) prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. NT157 treatment resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of IGF1R activation, suppression of IRS protein expression, inhibition of IGF1-induced AKT activation, but increased ERK activation in NT157-treated cells in vitro. These effects were correlated with decreased proliferation and increasing apoptosis of LNCaP cells and increasing G2-M arrest in PC3 cells. NT157 also suppressed androgen-responsive growth, delayed CRPC progression of LNCaP xenografts, and suppressed PC3 tumor growth alone and in combination with docetaxel. This study reports the first preclinical proof-of-principle data that this novel small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor suppresses IRS1/2 expression, delays CRPC progression, and suppresses growth of CRPC tumors in vitro and in vivo. Demonstration that IRS expression can be increased in response to a variety of stressors that may lead to resistance or reduced effect of the therapies indicate that NT157-mediated IRS1/2 downregulation is a novel therapeutic approach for management of advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naokazu Ibuki
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mazyar Ghaffari
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hadas Reuveni
- TyrNovo Ltd., Herzliya, Israel. Unit of Cellular Signaling, Department of Biological Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mitali Pandey
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ladan Fazli
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Haruhito Azuma
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan
| | - Martin E Gleave
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alexander Levitzki
- Unit of Cellular Signaling, Department of Biological Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael E Cox
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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Wang H, Gutierrez-Uzquiza A, Garg R, Barrio-Real L, Abera MB, Lopez-Haber C, Rosemblit C, Lu H, Abba M, Kazanietz MG. Transcriptional regulation of oncogenic protein kinase Cϵ (PKCϵ) by STAT1 and Sp1 proteins. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:19823-38. [PMID: 24825907 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.548446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of PKCϵ, a kinase associated with tumor aggressiveness and widely implicated in malignant transformation and metastasis, is a hallmark of multiple cancers, including mammary, prostate, and lung cancer. To characterize the mechanisms that control PKCϵ expression and its up-regulation in cancer, we cloned an ∼ 1.6-kb promoter segment of the human PKCϵ gene (PRKCE) that displays elevated transcriptional activity in cancer cells. A comprehensive deletional analysis established two regions rich in Sp1 and STAT1 sites located between -777 and -105 bp (region A) and -921 and -796 bp (region B), respectively, as responsible for the high transcriptional activity observed in cancer cells. A more detailed mutagenesis analysis followed by EMSA and ChIP identified Sp1 sites in positions -668/-659 and -269/-247 as well as STAT1 sites in positions -880/-869 and -793/-782 as the elements responsible for elevated promoter activity in breast cancer cells relative to normal mammary epithelial cells. RNAi silencing of Sp1 and STAT1 in breast cancer cells reduced PKCϵ mRNA and protein expression, as well as PRKCE promoter activity. Moreover, a strong correlation was found between PKCϵ and phospho-Ser-727 (active) STAT1 levels in breast cancer cells. Our results may have significant implications for the development of approaches to target PKCϵ and its effectors in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- HongBin Wang
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Alvaro Gutierrez-Uzquiza
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Rachana Garg
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Laura Barrio-Real
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Mahlet B Abera
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Cynthia Lopez-Haber
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Cinthia Rosemblit
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Huaisheng Lu
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
| | - Martin Abba
- the Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CP1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Marcelo G Kazanietz
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 and
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Kannen H, Hazama H, Kaneda Y, Fujino T, Awazu K. Development of laser ionization techniques for evaluation of the effect of cancer drugs using imaging mass spectrometry. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:11234-44. [PMID: 24968266 PMCID: PMC4139779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150711234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, combined therapy using chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been proposed as a means of improving treatment outcomes. In order to evaluate the efficacy of combined therapy, it is necessary to determine the distribution of the anticancer drug and the photosensitizer. We investigated the use of imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) to simultaneously observe the distributions of an anticancer drug and photosensitizer administered to cancer cells. In particular, we sought to increase the sensitivity of detection of the anticancer drug docetaxel and the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) by optimizing the ionization-assisting reagents. When we used a matrix consisting of equal weights of a zeolite (NaY5.6) and a conventional organic matrix (6-aza-2-thiothymine) in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization, the signal intensity of the sodium-adducted ion of docetaxel (administered at 100 μM) increased about 13-fold. Moreover, we detected docetaxel with the zeolite matrix using the droplet method, and detected PpIX by fluorescence and IMS with α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) using the spray method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kannen
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hisanao Hazama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yasufumi Kaneda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Fujino
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minamiosawa Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan.
| | - Kunio Awazu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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MAGADOUX L, ISAMBERT N, PLENCHETTE S, JEANNIN J, LAURENS V. Emerging targets to monitor and overcome docetaxel resistance in castration resistant prostate cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2014; 45:919-28. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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EGFR mediates docetaxel resistance in human castration-resistant prostate cancer through the Akt-dependent expression of ABCB1 (MDR1). Arch Toxicol 2014; 89:591-605. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1275-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Bachmann SB, Frommel SC, Camicia R, Winkler HC, Santoro R, Hassa PO. DTX3L and ARTD9 inhibit IRF1 expression and mediate in cooperation with ARTD8 survival and proliferation of metastatic prostate cancer cells. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:125. [PMID: 24886089 PMCID: PMC4070648 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality and morbidity in the aging male population and represents the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in men around the world. The Deltex (DTX)-3-like E3 ubiquitin ligase (DTX3L), also known as B-lymphoma and BAL-associated protein (BBAP), was originally identified as a binding partner of the diphtheria-toxin-like macrodomain containing ADP-ribosyltransferase-9 (ARTD9), also known as BAL1 and PARP9. We have previously demonstrated that ARTD9 acts as a novel oncogenic survival factor in high-risk, chemo-resistant, diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase ARTD8, also known as PARP14 functions as a STAT6-specific co-regulator of IL4-mediated proliferation and survival in B cells. Methods Co-expression of DTX3L, ARTD8, ARTD9 and STAT1 was analyzed in the metastatic PCa (mPCa) cell lines PC3, DU145, LNCaP and in the normal prostate luminal epithelial cell lines HPE and RWPE1. Effects on cell proliferation, survival and cell migration were determined in PC3, DU145 and/or LNCaP cells depleted of DTX3L, ARTD8, ARTD9, STAT1 and/or IRF1 compared to their proficient control cells, respectively. In further experiments, real-time RT-PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitations were conducted to evaluate the physical and functional interactions between DTX3L, ARTD8 and ARTD9. Results Here we could identify DTX3L, ARTD9 and ARTD8 as novel oncogenic survival factors in mPCa cells. Our studies revealed that DTX3L forms a complex with ARTD8 and mediates together with ARTD8 and ARTD9 proliferation, chemo-resistance and survival of mPCa cells. In addition, DTX3L, ARTD8 and ARTD9 form complexes with each other. Our study provides first evidence that the enzymatic activity of ARTD8 is required for survival of mPCa cells. DTX3L and ARTD9 act together as repressors of the tumor suppressor IRF1 in mPCa cells. Furthermore, the present study shows that DTX3L together with STAT1 and STAT3 is implicated in cell migration of mPCa cells. Conclusions Our data strongly indicate that a crosstalk between STAT1, DTX3L and ARTD-like mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases mediates proliferation and survival of mPCa cells. The present study further suggests that the combined targeted inhibition of STAT1, ARTD8, ARTD9 and/or DTX3L could increase the efficacy of chemotherapy or radiation treatment in prostate and other high-risk tumor types with an increased STAT1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul O Hassa
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Kroon J, Metselaar JM, Storm G, van der Pluijm G. Liposomal nanomedicines in the treatment of prostate cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2014; 40:578-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Vangala JR, Dudem S, Jain N, Kalivendi SV. Regulation of PSMB5 protein and β subunits of mammalian proteasome by constitutively activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3): potential role in bortezomib-mediated anticancer therapy. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:12612-22. [PMID: 24627483 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.542829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system facilitates the degradation of ubiquitin-tagged proteins and performs a regulatory role in cells. Elevated proteasome activity and subunit expression are found in several cancers. However, the inherent molecular mechanisms responsible for increased proteasome function in cancers remain unclear despite the well investigated and defined role of the mammalian proteasome. This study was initiated to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the regulation of β subunits of the mammalian proteasome. Suppression of STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation coordinately decreased the mRNA and protein levels of the β subunits of the 20 S core complex in DU145 cells. Notably, PSMB5, a molecular target of bortezomib, was shown to be a target of STAT3. Knockdown of STAT3 decreased PSMB5 protein. Inhibition of phospho-STAT3 substantially reduced PSMB5 protein levels in cells expressing constitutively active-STAT3. Accumulation of activated STAT3 resulted in the induction of PSMB5 promoter and protein levels. In addition, a direct correlation was observed between the endogenous levels of PSMB5 and constitutively active STAT3. PSMB5 and STAT3 protein levels remained unaltered following the inhibition of proteasome activity. The EGF-induced concerted increase of β subunits was blocked by inhibition of the EGF receptor or STAT3 but not by the PI3K/AKT or MEK/ERK pathways. Decreased proteasome activities were due to reduced protein levels of catalytic subunits of the proteasome in STAT3-inhibited cells. Combined treatments with bortezomib and inhibitor of STAT3 abrogated proteasome activity and enhanced cellular apoptosis. Overall, we demonstrate that aberrant activation of STAT3 regulates the expression of β subunits, in particular PSMB5, and the catalytic activity of the proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janakiram Reddy Vangala
- From the Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500-607, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Al Nakouzi N, Cotteret S, Commo F, Gaudin C, Rajpar S, Dessen P, Vielh P, Fizazi K, Chauchereau A. Targeting CDC25C, PLK1 and CHEK1 to overcome Docetaxel resistance induced by loss of LZTS1 in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2014; 5:667-78. [PMID: 24525428 PMCID: PMC3996665 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel is used as a standard treatment in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, a large subset of patients develops resistance. Understanding resistance mechanisms, which are largely unknown, will allow identification of predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets. We established resistant IGR-CaP1 prostate cancer cell lines for different doses of Docetaxel. We investigated gene expression profiles by microarray analyses in these cell lines and generated a signature of 99 highly differentially expressed genes potentially implicated in chemoresistance. We focused on the role of the cell cycle regulator LZTS1, which was under-expressed in the Docetaxel-resistant cell lines, its inhibition resulting from the promoter methylation. Knockdown of LZTS1 in parental cells with siRNA showed that LZTS1 plays a role in the acquisition of the resistant phenotype. Furthermore, we observed that targeting CDC25C, a partner of LZTS1, with the NSC663284 inhibitor specifically killed the Docetaxel-resistant cells. To further investigate the role of CDC25C, we used inhibitors of the mitotic kinases that regulate CDC25C. Inhibition of CHEK1 and PLK1 induced growth arrest and cell death in the resistant cells. Our findings identify an important role of LZTS1 through its regulation of CDC25C in Docetaxel resistance in prostate cancer and suggest that CDC25C, or the mitotic kinases CHEK1 and PLK1, could be efficient therapeutic targets to overcome Docetaxel resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Al Nakouzi
- Prostate Cancer Group, INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, F-94805, France
- INSERM U981, LabEx LERMIT, Gustave Roussy
- University Paris-Sud 11, France
| | - Sophie Cotteret
- Prostate Cancer Group, INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, F-94805, France
- INSERM U981, LabEx LERMIT, Gustave Roussy
- University Paris-Sud 11, France
| | - Frédéric Commo
- INSERM U981, LabEx LERMIT, Gustave Roussy
- University Paris-Sud 11, France
| | - Catherine Gaudin
- Prostate Cancer Group, INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, F-94805, France
- INSERM U981, LabEx LERMIT, Gustave Roussy
- University Paris-Sud 11, France
| | - Shanna Rajpar
- Prostate Cancer Group, INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, F-94805, France
- INSERM U981, LabEx LERMIT, Gustave Roussy
- University Paris-Sud 11, France
| | | | - Philippe Vielh
- INSERM U981, LabEx LERMIT, Gustave Roussy
- Department of Pathology, HistoCytoPathology Unit, Translational Research Laboratory and Biobank, Gustave Roussy
- University Paris-Sud 11, France
| | - Karim Fizazi
- Prostate Cancer Group, INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, F-94805, France
- INSERM U981, LabEx LERMIT, Gustave Roussy
- Department of Medicine, Gustave Roussy
- University Paris-Sud 11, France
| | - Anne Chauchereau
- Prostate Cancer Group, INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, F-94805, France
- INSERM U981, LabEx LERMIT, Gustave Roussy
- University Paris-Sud 11, France
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Fujimoto N, Shiota M, Kubo T, Matsumoto T. Novel therapeutic strategies following docetaxel-based chemotherapy in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2014; 3:785-95. [DOI: 10.1586/ecp.10.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Erb HHH, Langlechner RV, Moser PL, Handle F, Casneuf T, Verstraeten K, Schlick B, Schäfer G, Hall B, Sasser K, Culig Z, Santer FR. IL6 sensitizes prostate cancer to the antiproliferative effect of IFNα2 through IRF9. Endocr Relat Cancer 2013; 20:677-89. [PMID: 23913484 PMCID: PMC3753051 DOI: 10.1530/erc-13-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa) are associated with chronic inflammation. The cytokine interleukin 6 (IL6) can influence progression, differentiation, survival, and angiogenesis of PCa. To identify novel pathways that are triggered by IL6, we performed a gene expression profiling of two PCa cell lines, LNCaP and MDA PCa 2b, treated with 5 ng/ml IL6. Interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) was identified as one of the most prevalent IL6-regulated genes in both cell lines. IRF9 is a mediator of type I IFN signaling and acts together with STAT1 and 2 to activate transcription of IFN-responsive genes. The IL6 regulation of IRF9 was confirmed at mRNA and protein levels by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot respectively in both cell lines and could be blocked by the anti-IL6 antibody Siltuximab. Three PCa cell lines, PC3, Du-145, and LNCaP-IL6+, with an autocrine IL6 loop displayed high expression of IRF9. A tissue microarray with 36 PCa tissues showed that IRF9 protein expression is moderately elevated in malignant areas and positively correlates with the tissue expression of IL6. Downregulation and overexpression of IRF9 provided evidence for an IFN-independent role of IRF9 in cellular proliferation of different PCa cell lines. Furthermore, expression of IRF9 was essential to mediate the antiproliferative effects of IFNα2. We concluded that IL6 is an inducer of IRF9 expression in PCa and a sensitizer for the antiproliferative effects of IFNα2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger H H Erb
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of UrologyInnsbruck Medical University6020, InnsbruckAustria
| | - Regina V Langlechner
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of UrologyInnsbruck Medical University6020, InnsbruckAustria
| | - Patrizia L Moser
- Department of PathologyInnsbruck Medical University6020, InnsbruckAustria
| | - Florian Handle
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of UrologyInnsbruck Medical University6020, InnsbruckAustria
| | - Tineke Casneuf
- Oncology Biomarkers, Janssen Research and DevelopmentBeerseBelgium
| | | | - Bettina Schlick
- Oncotyrol Center for Personalized Medicine6020, InnsbruckAustria
| | - Georg Schäfer
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of UrologyInnsbruck Medical University6020, InnsbruckAustria
| | - Brett Hall
- Oncology Biomarkers Janssen Research and DevelopmentSpring House, PennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Kate Sasser
- Oncology Biomarkers Janssen Research and DevelopmentSpring House, PennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Zoran Culig
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of UrologyInnsbruck Medical University6020, InnsbruckAustria
- Correspondence should be addressed to Z Culig or F R Santer Emails: or
| | - Frédéric R Santer
- Division of Experimental Urology, Department of UrologyInnsbruck Medical University6020, InnsbruckAustria
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