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Lotito V, Zambelli T. Pattern detection in colloidal assembly: A mosaic of analysis techniques. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 284:102252. [PMID: 32971396 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of the morphology, identification of patterns and quantification of order encountered in colloidal assemblies is essential for several reasons. First of all, it is useful to compare different self-assembly methods and assess the influence of different process parameters on the final colloidal pattern. In addition, casting light on the structures formed by colloidal particles can help to get better insight into colloidal interactions and understand phase transitions. Finally, the growing interest in colloidal assemblies in materials science for practical applications going from optoelectronics to biosensing imposes a thorough characterization of the morphology of colloidal assemblies because of the intimate relationship between morphology and physical properties (e.g. optical and mechanical) of a material. Several image analysis techniques developed to investigate images (acquired via scanning electron microscopy, digital video microscopy and other imaging methods) provide variegated and complementary information on the colloidal structures under scrutiny. However, understanding how to use such image analysis tools to get information on the characteristics of the colloidal assemblies may represent a non-trivial task, because it requires the combination of approaches drawn from diverse disciplines such as image processing, computational geometry and computational topology and their application to a primarily physico-chemical process. Moreover, the lack of a systematic description of such analysis tools makes it difficult to select the ones more suitable for the features of the colloidal assembly under examination. In this review we provide a methodical and extensive description of real-space image analysis tools by explaining their principles and their application to the investigation of two-dimensional colloidal assemblies with different morphological characteristics.
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Chen C, Bai X, Ding Y, Lee IS. Electrical stimulation as a novel tool for regulating cell behavior in tissue engineering. Biomater Res 2019; 23:25. [PMID: 31844552 PMCID: PMC6896676 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-019-0176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, electrical stimulation as a physical stimulus draws lots of attention. It shows great potential in disease treatment, wound healing, and mechanism study because of significant experimental performance. Electrical stimulation can activate many intracellular signaling pathways, and influence intracellular microenvironment, as a result, affect cell migration, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. Electrical stimulation is using in tissue engineering as a novel type of tool in regeneration medicine. Besides, with the advantages of biocompatible conductive materials coming into view, the combination of electrical stimulation with suitable tissue engineered scaffolds can well combine the benefits of both and is ideal for the field of regenerative medicine. In this review, we summarize the various materials and latest technologies to deliver electrical stimulation. The influences of electrical stimulation on cell alignment, migration and its underlying mechanisms are discussed. Then the effect of electrical stimulation on cell proliferation and differentiation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018 People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, 310018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Bai
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yahui Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014 People’s Republic of China
- People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014 People’s Republic of China
| | - In-Seop Lee
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
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Ghosh A, Budrikis Z, Chikkadi V, Sellerio AL, Zapperi S, Schall P. Direct Observation of Percolation in the Yielding Transition of Colloidal Glasses. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:148001. [PMID: 28430459 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.148001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
When strained beyond the linear regime, soft colloidal glasses yield to steady-state plastic flow in a way that is similar to the deformation of conventional amorphous solids. Because of the much larger size of the colloidal particles with respect to the atoms comprising an amorphous solid, colloidal glasses allow us to obtain microscopic insight into the nature of the yielding transition, as we illustrate here combining experiments, atomistic simulations, and mesoscopic modeling. Our results unanimously show growing clusters of nonaffine deformation percolating at yielding. In agreement with percolation theory, the spanning cluster is fractal with a fractal dimension d_{f}≃2, and the correlation length diverges upon approaching the critical yield strain. These results indicate that percolation of highly nonaffine particles is the hallmark of the yielding transition in disordered glassy systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antina Ghosh
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Zoe Budrikis
- ISI Foundation, Via Alassio 11C, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Vijayakumar Chikkadi
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Alessandro L Sellerio
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Zapperi
- ISI Foundation, Via Alassio 11C, Torino 10126, Italy
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l'Energia, CNR-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via R. Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 11100, FIN-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Peter Schall
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Dang MT, Denisov D, Struth B, Zaccone A, Schall P. Reversibility and hysteresis of the sharp yielding transition of a colloidal glass under oscillatory shear. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2016; 39:44. [PMID: 27106107 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2016-16044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical response of glasses remains challenging to understand. Recent results indicate that the oscillatory rheology of soft glasses is accompanied by a sharp non-equilibrium transition in the microscopic dynamics. Here, we use simultaneous x-ray scattering and rheology to investigate the reversibility and hysteresis of the sharp symmetry change from anisotropic solid to isotropic liquid dynamics observed in the oscillatory shear of colloidal glasses (D. Denisov, M.T. Dang, B. Struth, A. Zaccone, P. Schall, Sci. Rep. 5 14359 (2015)). We use strain sweeps with increasing and decreasing strain amplitude to show that, in analogy with equilibrium transitions, this sharp symmetry change is reversible and exhibits systematic frequency-dependent hysteresis. Using the non-affine response formalism of amorphous solids, we show that these hysteresis effects arise from frequency-dependent non-affine structural cage rearrangements at large strain. These results consolidate the first-order-like nature of the oscillatory shear transition and quantify related hysteresis effects both via measurements and theoretical modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Dang
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Denisov
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B Struth
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Zaccone
- Statistical Physics Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, New Museums Site, Pembroke Street, CB2 3RA, Cambridge, UK
| | - P Schall
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Gu L, Xu L, Zhang Q, Pan D, Chen N, Louzguine-Luzgin DV, Yao KF, Wang W, Ikuhara Y. Direct in situ observation of metallic glass deformation by real-time nano-scale indentation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9122. [PMID: 25773051 DOI: 10.1038/srep09122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A common understanding of plastic deformation of metallic glasses (MGs) at room temperature is that such deformation occurs via the formation of runaway shear bands that usually lead to catastrophic failure of MGs. Here we demonstrate that inhomogeneous plastic flow at nanoscale can evolve in a well-controlled manner without further developing of shear bands. It is suggested that the sample undergoes an elasto-plastic transition in terms of quasi steady-state localized shearing. During this transition, embryonic shear localization (ESL) propagates with a very slow velocity of order of ~1 nm/s without the formation of a hot matured shear band. This finding further advances our understanding of the microscopic deformation process associated with the elasto-plastic transition and may shed light on the theoretical development of shear deformation in MGs.
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Hima Nagamanasa K, Gokhale S, Sood AK, Ganapathy R. Experimental signatures of a nonequilibrium phase transition governing the yielding of a soft glass. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2014; 89:062308. [PMID: 25019777 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.062308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present direct experimental signatures of a nonequilibrium phase transition associated with the yield point of a prototypical soft solid-a binary colloidal glass. By simultaneously quantifying single-particle dynamics and bulk mechanical response, we identified the threshold for the onset of irreversibility with the yield strain. We extracted the relaxation time from the transient behavior of the loss modulus and found that it diverges in the vicinity of the yield strain. This critical slowing down is accompanied by a growing correlation length associated with the size of regions of high Debye-Waller factor, which are precursors to yield events in glasses. Our results affirm that the paradigm of nonequilibrium critical phenomena is instrumental in achieving a holistic understanding of yielding in soft solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hima Nagamanasa
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Shreyas Gokhale
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - A K Sood
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India and International Centre for Materials Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Rajesh Ganapathy
- International Centre for Materials Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
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Strickland DJ, Zhang L, Huang YR, Magagnosc DJ, Lee D, Gianola DS. Synthesis and mechanical response of disordered colloidal micropillars. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:10274-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp55422h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A method for synthesizing and uniaxially compressing free-standing colloidal micropillars is presented. The mechanical response of the micropillars is strongly dependent upon their initial defect population and water content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Pennsylvania
- USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Alaska Fairbanks
| | - Yun-Ru Huang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Pennsylvania
- USA
| | - Daniel J. Magagnosc
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania
- USA
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Pennsylvania
- USA
| | - Daniel S. Gianola
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania
- USA
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Rahmani Y, Koopman R, Denisov D, Schall P. Visualizing the strain evolution during the indentation of colloidal glasses. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2014; 89:012304. [PMID: 24580224 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.012304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We use an analog of nanoindentation on a colloidal glass to elucidate the incipient plastic deformation of glasses. By tracking the motion of the individual particles in three dimensions, we visualize the strain field and glass structure during the emerging deformation. At the onset of flow, we observe a power-law distribution of strain indicating strongly correlated deformation, and reflecting a critical state of the glass. At later stages, the strain acquires a Gaussian distribution, indicating that plastic events become uncorrelated. Investigation of the glass structure using both static and dynamic measures shows a weak correlation between the structure and the emerging strain distribution. These results indicate that the onset of plasticity is governed by strong power-law correlations of strain, weakly biased by the heterogeneous glass structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Rahmani
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Koopman
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Denisov
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Schall
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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