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Sychev IV, Denisenko NP, Kachanova AA, Lapshtaeva AV, Abdullaev SP, Goncharova LN, Mirzaev KB, Sychev DA. Pharmacogenetic markers of development of angioneurotic edema as a secondary side effect to enalapril in patients with essential arterial hypertension. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE 2024; 35:37-47. [PMID: 37742663 DOI: 10.3233/jrs-230006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angioneurotic edema is the most dangerous complication in angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) therapy. Based on the current data, the clinical and genetic predictors of angioedema development are still understudied, which demonstrates the relevance of this study. OBJECTIVE To reveal the pharmacogenetic predictors of the angioedema as a secondary side effect to enalapril in patients with essential arterial hypertension. METHODS The study enrolled 111 subjects randomized into two groups: study group, patients with the angioedema as a secondary side effect to enalapril; and control group, patients without adverse drug reaction. All patients underwent pharmacogenetic testing. RESULTS An association between the development of the angioneurotic edema and the genotypes AA rs2306283 of gene SLCO1B1, TT rs4459610 of gene ACE, and CC rs1799722 of gene BDKRB2 in patients was revealed. CONCLUSION The findings justify further investigations of the revealed genetic predictors of angioedema with larger-size patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Sychev
- Department of Faculty Therapy, Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia P Denisenko
- Research Institute of Molecular and Personalized Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy named after Academician B.E. Votchal, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasiya A Kachanova
- Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers Department, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anna V Lapshtaeva
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Virology, Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russian Federation
| | - Sherzod P Abdullaev
- Research Institute of Molecular and Personalized Medicine, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ludmila N Goncharova
- Department of Faculty Therapy, Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russian Federation
| | - Karin B Mirzaev
- Research Institute of Molecular and Personalized Medicine, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry A Sychev
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy Department named after Academician B.E. Votchal, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Altoum SM, Al-Mahayri ZN, Ali BR. Antihypertensives associated adverse events: a review of mechanisms and pharmacogenomic biomarkers available evidence in multi-ethnic populations. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1286494. [PMID: 38108069 PMCID: PMC10722273 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1286494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension remains a significant health burden worldwide, re-emphasizing the outstanding need for more effective and safer antihypertensive therapeutic approaches. Genetic variation contributes significantly to interindividual variability in treatment response and adverse events, suggesting pharmacogenomics as a major approach to optimize such therapy. This review examines the molecular mechanisms underlying antihypertensives-associated adverse events and surveys existing research on pharmacogenomic biomarkers associated with these events. The current literature revealed limited conclusive evidence supporting the use of genetic variants as reliable indicators of antihypertensive adverse events. However, several noteworthy associations have emerged, such as 1) the role of ACE variants in increasing the risk of multiple adverse events, 2) the bradykinin pathway's involvement in cough induced by ACE inhibitors, and 3) the impact of CYP2D6 variants on metoprolol-induced bradycardia. Nonetheless, challenges persist in identifying biomarkers for adverse events across different antihypertensive classes, sometimes due to the rarity of certain events, such as ACE inhibitors-induced angioedema. We also highlight the main limitations of previous studies that warrant attention, including using a targeted gene approach with a limited number of tested variants, small sample sizes, and design issues such as overlooking doses or the time between starting treatment and the onset of adverse events. Addressing these challenges requires collaborative efforts and the integration of technological advancements, such as next-generation sequencing, which can significantly enhance research outcomes and provide the needed evidence. Furthermore, the potential combination of genomic biomarker identification and machine learning is a promising approach for tailoring antihypertensive therapy to individual patients, thereby mitigating the risk of developing adverse events. In conclusion, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms and the pharmacogenomics of adverse events in antihypertensive therapy will likely pave the way for more personalized treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar M. Altoum
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zeina N. Al-Mahayri
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassam R. Ali
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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3
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Sychev IV, Denisenko NP, Kachanova AA, Lapshtaeva AV, Goncharova LN, Mirzaev KB, Sychev DA. Pharmacogenetic predictors of development of secondary to enalapril dry cough in hypertensive patients. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2023; 38:247-254. [PMID: 37201212 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2023-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Development of the secondary to ACEI cough leads to discontinuation of the drugs of this group. Assessing the safety of the ACEIs with further development of customized approaches for their administration is a major scientific and practical problem. The objective of this study was to assess the association of the genetic markers with the development of the adverse drug reaction in the form of secondary to enalapril dry cough in the patients with essential arterial hypertension. METHODS Study involved 113 patients with the secondary to enalapril cough and 104 patients without development of the secondary to enalapril adverse drug reaction. RESULTS The patients carriers of the genotype AA rs2306283 of gene SLCO1B1 had 2-fold higher odds of developing the dry cough than those with the genotypes AG and GG (ОR=2.01, 95%CI=1.10-3.66, р=0.023). Similarly, the patients heterozygous for rs8176746 of gene АВО had 2.3-fold higher odds of developing the ADR in the form of dry cough than the carriers of the genotypes GG and TT (ОR=2.30, 95%CI=1.24-4.29, р=0.008). CONCLUSIONS Statistically significant association between the development of the ADR in the form of secondary to enalapril dry cough and polymorphisms rs2306283 of gene SLCO1B1 and rs8176746 of gene ABO was revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V Sychev
- Department of Faculty Therapy with Courses of Physiotherapy, Physical Therapy, Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russian Federation
- 68, Bolshevitskaya Street, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia, 430005, Russia
| | - Natalia P Denisenko
- Research Institute of Molecular and Personalized Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy named after Academician B.E. Votchal, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya A Kachanova
- Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers Department, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V Lapshtaeva
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Virology with a course of clinical immunology and allergology, Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russian Federation
| | - Ludmila N Goncharova
- Department of Faculty Therapy with Courses of Physiotherapy, Physical Therapy, Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk, Russian Federation
| | - Karin B Mirzaev
- Research and Innovation, Research Institute of Molecular and Personalized Medicine, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Sychev
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy Department named after Academician B.E. Votchal, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
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Božina T, Ganoci L, Karačić E, Šimičević L, Vrkić-Kirhmajer M, Klarica-Domjanović I, Križ T, Sertić Z, Božina N. ABCG2 and SLCO1B1 gene polymorphisms in the Croatian population. Ann Hum Biol 2022; 49:323-331. [PMID: 36382878 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2140826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) and the ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2, ABCG2, are important transporters involved in the transport of endogenous substrates and xenobiotics, including drugs. Genetic polymorphisms of these transporters have effect on transporter activity. There is significant interethnic variability in the frequency of allele variants. AIM To determined allele and genotype frequencies of ABCG2 and SLCO1B1 genes in Croatian populations of European descent. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 905 subjects (482 women) were included. Genotyping for ABCG2 c.421C > A (rs2231142) and for SLCO1B1 c.521T > C (rs4149056), was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using TaqMan® DME Genotyping Assays. RESULTS For ABCG2 c.421C > A, the frequency of CC, CA and AA genotypes was 81.4%, 17.8% and 0.8% respectively. The frequency of variant ABCG2 421 A allele was 9.7%. For SLCO1B1 c.521T > C, the frequency of TT, TC and CC genotypes was 61.7%, 34.8% and 3.5% respectively. The frequency of variant SLCO1B1 521 C allele was 20.9%. CONCLUSION The frequency of the ABCG2 and SLCO1B1 allelic variants and genotypes in the Croatian population is in accordance with other European populations. Pharmacogenetic analysis can serve to individualise drug therapy and minimise the risk of developing adverse drug reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Božina
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Clinical Chemistry, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lana Ganoci
- Division of Pharmacogenomics and Therapy Individualization, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ena Karačić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Livija Šimičević
- Division of Pharmacogenomics and Therapy Individualization, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Majda Vrkić-Kirhmajer
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Tena Križ
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre "Sestre milosrdnice", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Sertić
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nada Božina
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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Liu J, Jia W, Yu C. Safety and Efficacy of Spironolactone in Dialysis-Dependent Patients: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:828189. [PMID: 35372414 PMCID: PMC8970057 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.828189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are characterized with high risk of heart failure. Although mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have beneficial effect on relieving cardiac fibrosis and, thus, reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease and cardiac death, the therapeutic benefits and adverse effects are still controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to measure the safety and efficacy of spironolactone in patients undergoing dialysis. Methods A systematic search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Primary outcomes included changes in all-cause mortality (ACM), serum potassium concentration, incidence of hyperkalemia and gynecomastia (GYN). Secondary outcomes included changes in blood pressure (BP), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were further conducted. This research was registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews; No. CRD42021287493). Results Fifteen RCTs with 1,258 patients were enrolled in this pooled-analysis. Spironolactone treatment significantly decreased ACM (RR = 0.42, P < 0.0001), CCV (RR = 0.54, P = 0.008) and LVMI (MD = −6.28, P = 0.002), also increased occurrence of GYN (RR = 4.36, P = 0.0005). However, LVEF (MD = 2.63, P = 0.05), systolic BP (MD = −4.61, P = 0.14) and diastolic BP (MD = −0.12, P = 0.94) did not change between two groups after treatment. Although serum potassium concentration was increased (MD = 0.22, P < 0.0001) after spironolactone supplement, the risk of hyperkalemia remained unchanged (RR = 1.21, P = 0.31). Further subgroup analysis found more obvious advantageous as well as disadvantageous effects in Asian subjects than European or American ones. Also, with more than 9 months of treatment duration, patients achieved more favorable influence than shorter duration. Conclusions These results highlight the therapeutic effects of spironolactone on cardiovascular indexes, including ACM, CCV, and LVMI. However, the unignorable increase of GYN incidence and serum potassium level indicate that close monitor in dialysis-dependent patients, especially Asian patients, is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - WanYu Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Center of Pediatric Nephrology of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Chen Yu
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Ou YH, Thant AT, Lee CH. Sudden deterioration of CPAP adherence after myocardial infarction in a Chinese patient: potential effect of ACEI-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:1463-1465. [PMID: 35022127 PMCID: PMC9059603 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A patient with obstructive sleep apnea was admitted to the hospital with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor was prescribed upon discharge. She later became intolerant to continuous positive airway pressure therapy, and her adherence to the related device decreased precipitously. The intolerance subsided gradually after a switch in medication to an angiotensin receptor blocker, and her adherence to continuous positive airway pressure device usage returned to the baseline after 4 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hui Ou
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - As Tar Thant
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chi-Hang Lee
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
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Masilela C, Pearce B, Ongole JJ, Adeniyi OV, Johnson R, Benjeddou M. Cross-sectional study of the association of 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms with enalapril treatment response among South African adults with hypertension. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27836. [PMID: 34797313 PMCID: PMC8601271 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the association of 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in selected genes (ABO, VEGFA, BDKRB2, NOS3, and ADRB2) with blood pressure (BP) response to enalapril. The study further assessed genetic interactions that exist within these genes and their implications in enalapril treatment response among South African adults with hypertension.A total of 284 participants belonging to the Nguni tribe of South Africa on continuous treatment for hypertension were recruited. Five SNPs in enalapril pharmacogenes were selected and genotyped using MassArray. Uncontrolled hypertension was defined as BP ≥140/90 mm Hg. The association between genotypes, alleles, and BP response to treatment was determined by fitting multivariate logistic regression model analysis, and genetic interactions between SNPs were assessed by multifactor dimensionality reduction.Majority of the study participants were female (75.00%), Xhosa (78.87%), and had uncontrolled hypertension (69.37%). All 5 SNPs were exclusively detected among Swati and Zulu participants. In the multivariate (adjusted) logistic model analysis, ADRB2 rs1042714 GC (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.31; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-5.23; P = .044) and BDKRB2 rs1799722 CT (AOR = 2.74; 95% CI 1.19-6.28; P = .017) were independently associated with controlled hypertension in response to enalapril. While the C allele of VEGFA rs699947 (AOR = 0.37; 95% CI 0.15-0.94; P = .037) was significantly associated with uncontrolled hypertension. A significant interaction between rs699947, rs495828, and rs2070744 (cross-validation consistency = 10/10; P = .0005) in response to enalapril was observed.We confirmed the association of rs1042714 (ADRB2) and rs1799722 (BDKRB2) with controlled hypertension and established an interaction between rs699947 (VEGFA), rs495828 (ABO), and rs2070744 (NOS3) with BP response to enalapril. Our findings have provided substantial evidence for the use of SNPs as predictors for enalapril response among South Africans adults with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charity Masilela
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Brendon Pearce
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Joven Jebio Ongole
- Department of Family Medicine, Center for Teaching and Learning, Piet Retief Hospital, Mkhondo, South Africa
| | | | - Rabia Johnson
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Centre for Cardiometabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University
| | - Mongi Benjeddou
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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Liu Q, Wu H, Yu Z, Huang Q, Zhong Z. APOE gene ɛ4 allele (388C-526C) effects on serum lipids and risk of coronary artery disease in southern Chinese Hakka population. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23925. [PMID: 34313350 PMCID: PMC8418481 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) and solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (SLCO1B1) gene polymorphisms with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS 1,129 CAD patients and 1,014 non-CAD controls were included in the study, and relevant information and medical records were collected. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed, including rs429358, rs7412 in APOE gene and rs2306283, rs4149056 in SLCO1B1 gene. RESULTS The CAD patients' average age was 66.3 ± 10.7 years, while 65.5 ± 12.0 years in controls. The frequencies of APOE allele ɛ3, ɛ4, and ɛ2 were 83.01%, 10.08%, and 6.91% respectively. There were statistically significant differences in genotype ɛ3/ɛ4 (χ2 = 8.077, p = 0.005) in CAD patients compared with the controls. The SLCO1B1 genotype *1b/*1b and haplotype *1b showed the highest frequency in the study sample. Moreover, ε4 carriers had significantly lower HDL-C, Apo-A1 levels than ε3 carriers among CAD patients, while ε2 carriers showed lower LDL-C, Apo-B level, and higher Apo-A1/Apo-B level than ε3 and ε4 carriers. In controls, ε2 carriers showed lower LDL-C and Apo-B level, higher Apo-A1, and Apo-A1/Apo-B level than ε4 carriers. Logistic regression analysis showed that high LDL-C and Apo-B level, low HDL-C level, smoking, and the ε4 allele were risks for the presence of CAD. CONCLUSIONS APOE ε4 allele may be associated with susceptibility to CAD in southern Chinese Hakka population. It indicated that the APOE SNPs rs429358 and rs7412 are associated with CAD, but not SNPs rs2306283 and rs4149056 of SLCO1B1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Liu
- Center for Pathological Diagnostics, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
| | - Heming Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
| | - Zhikang Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
| | - Qingyan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
| | - Zhixiong Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
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Ren H, Luo JQ, Ouyang F, Cheng L, Chen XP, Zhou HH, Huang WH, Zhang W. WNT3A rs752107(C > T) Polymorphism Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Essential Hypertension and Related Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:675222. [PMID: 34322525 PMCID: PMC8310949 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.675222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential Hypertension (EH) results in the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) such as Heart Failure (HF) and Ischemic Stroke (IS). A rapidly emerging field involving the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cardiovascular development and dysfunction has recently drawn extensive attention. In the present study, we conducted a genetic association between genomic variants in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and EH, HF, IS. A total of 95 SNPs in 12 Wnt signaling genes (WNT3A, WNT3, WNT4, DKK1, DKK2, LRP5, LRP6, CTNNB1, APC, FZD1, FRZB, SFRP1) were genotyped in 1,860 participants (440 patients with EH, 535 patients with HF, 421 patients with IS and 464 normal control subjects) using Sequenom MassArray technology. WNT3A rs752107(C > T) was strongly associated with an increased risk of EH, HF and IS. Compared with WNT3A rs752107 CC genotype, the CT genotype carriers had a 48% increased risk of EH (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.12-1.96, P = 0.006), the TT genotype conferred a 139% increased risk of EH (OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.32-4.34, P = 0.003). Regarding HF and IS, the risk of HF in the T allele carriers (CT + TT) was nearly increased by 58% (OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.22-2.04, P = 4.40 × 10-4) and the risk of IS was increased by 37% (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.04-1.79, P = 0.025). Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis indicated that rs752107 C allele corresponded to a significant reduction of WNT3A expression. We described a genetic variant of WNT3A rs752107 in Wnt/β-catenin signaling strongly associated with the risk of EH, HF and IS for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ren
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Jian-Quan Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fan Ouyang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Wei-Hua Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
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10
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de Beer R, Outhoff K, Phulukdaree A, Soma P. Prevalence of SLCO1B1 single nucleotide variations and their association with hypercholesterolaemia in hypercholesterolemic patients in Gauteng, South Africa. Xenobiotica 2021; 51:949-959. [PMID: 34154510 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2021.1945165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Statins, the standard treatment for hypercholesterolaemia, among the most widely prescribed, have been associated with side effects, including statin intolerance. The aim of this study was to determine the background prevalence of SLCO1B1 SNVs in a randomly selected sample and to investigate if there are associations between SLCO1B1 SNVs and hypercholesterolaemia patients on statin therapy.Using Polymerase Chain Reaction - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, the presence of SLCO1B1 SNVs (rs4149056, rs2306283 and rs4363657) was identified, while ELISA was used to quantify serum CK levels. Statin intolerance risk was calculated using a quantitative questionnaire.The risk of developing statin intolerance was found to be low (in 36%), moderate (in 49%), or high (in 15%) in the statin-treated group. The prevalence of the rs4149056 variant was 16% in (controls) and 20% in (statin) group; rs2306283 variant was present in 31.5% (controls), 10.5% in (statin) group; while the prevalence of the rs4363657 variant was similar in each. No association between the presence of any one of the SNVs and the statin intolerance severity risk score or CK elevation was found.These findings will facilitate a more personalized approach to statin therapy, especially relevant within the diverse South African population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene de Beer
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Kim Outhoff
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Alisa Phulukdaree
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Prashilla Soma
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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ChaiQi Decoction Alleviates Vascular Endothelial Injury by Downregulating the Inflammatory Response in ApoE-Model Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9415819. [PMID: 33628325 PMCID: PMC7889348 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9415819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a pathological state of metabolic disorders that primarily occur in human proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. It is a complex cluster of core metabolic disorder syndromes including obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, and vascular endothelial injury, occurring over time. The currently available treatment options cannot effectively manage MetS. In our previous research, we revealed ChaiQi decoction (CQD) as an effective prescription for improving MetS; however, the specific mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we assessed the efficacy and mechanism of CQD in ApoE gene knockout (ApoE-) mice. Mice were administered with CQD daily for 12 weeks, and the measurement of their body weight was taken monthly. To evaluate the metabolic levels of mice, we determined the fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting serum insulin (FINS), insulin resistance index (IRI), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis was adopted to determine the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in vascular endothelium, while an optical microscope was adopted to observe the pathological morphology of abdominal aorta in mice. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) levels were determined using the ELISA method, whereas Western blotting was used to determine nuclear factor- (NF-) κB p65. Of note, intragastric CQD administration ameliorated ApoE-model mice, as evidenced by reduced levels of FBG, FINS, IRI, TG, TC, and LDL-C. Furthermore, CQD alleviated vascular endothelial injury and regularized the structure of the abdominal aorta by downregulating the expressions of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and NF-κB p65. Overall, these findings advocated that CQD ameliorates metabolic levels and vascular endothelial injury in mice by downregulating the inflammatory response and thus may be utilized as a novel MetS therapy.
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Wu H, Huang Q, Yu Z, Wu H, Zhong Z. The SNPs rs429358 and rs7412 of APOE gene are association with cerebral infarction but not SNPs rs2306283 and rs4149056 of SLCO1B1 gene in southern Chinese Hakka population. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:202. [PMID: 32891149 PMCID: PMC7487494 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01379-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (SLCO1B1) regulate lipid metabolism. However, the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of APOE and SLCO1B1 and cerebral infarction (CI) remains unclear. Methods A total of 938 CI patients and 1028 control participants were included in the study. The rs429358 and rs7412 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the APOE gene and rs2306283 and rs4149056 SNPs in the SLCO1B1 gene were analyzed by fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results The genotype ɛ3/ɛ3 was the most common APOE genotype, with ɛ3 being the allele with the highest frequency, followed by ɛ4 and ɛ2. Statistically significant differences of genotype ɛ2/ɛ2 (χ2 = 3.866, P = 0.049), ɛ2/ɛ3 (χ2 = 20.030, P < 0.001), ɛ3/ɛ4 (χ2 = 16.960, P < 0.001), and ɛ4/ɛ4 (χ2 = 4.786, P = 0.029) between CI patients and controls were detected. The SLCO1B1 genotype *1b/*1b and haplotype *1b showed the highest frequency in the study sample. There was no statistically significant difference in the frequencies of SLCO1B1 genotypes and haplotypes among CI patients comparing with controls. Moreover, ε4 carriers had significantly higher low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein B (Apo-B) and lower apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1)/Apo-B levels than ε2 and ε3 carriers, but ε2 carriers showed lower LDL-C and Apo-B and higher Apo-A1/Apo-B than ε3 and ε4 carriers. Further, logistic regression analysis revealed that high LDL-C, high ApoB, smoking, hypertension and the ε4 allele were risks for the presence of CI. Conclusions This study indicated that the APOE SNPs rs429358 and rs7412 may be associated with susceptibility to cerebral infarction in southern Chinese Hakka population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heming Wu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Clinical Molecular Diagnostics and Antibody Therapeutics, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China
| | - Qingyan Huang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Clinical Molecular Diagnostics and Antibody Therapeutics, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhikang Yu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Clinical Molecular Diagnostics and Antibody Therapeutics, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China
| | - Hailing Wu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Clinical Molecular Diagnostics and Antibody Therapeutics, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiong Zhong
- Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Clinical Molecular Diagnostics and Antibody Therapeutics, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China. .,Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou, P. R. China.
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Choudhuri S, Klaassen CD. Elucidation of OATP1B1 and 1B3 transporter function using transgenic rodent models and commonly known single nucleotide polymorphisms. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 399:115039. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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14
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Mu G, Xiang Q, Zhang Z, Liu C, Zhang H, Liu Z, Pang X, Jiang J, Xie Q, Zhou S, Wang Z, Hu K, Wang Z, Jiang S, Qin X, Cui Y. PNPT1 and PCGF3 variants associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough: a nested case–control genome-wide study. Pharmacogenomics 2020; 21:601-614. [PMID: 32397904 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2019-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to identify genetic variants associated with ACE inhibitor (ACEI)-induced cough. Materials & methods: A nested case–control study was performed among hypertensive Chinese patients receiving enalapril-only therapy. Whole-exome sequencing and genome-wide association analysis were performed. Results: We identified that PNPT1 rs13015243 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.34–0.66; p = 7.45 × 10-6), PNPT1 rs13009649 (OR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.35–0.67; p = 9.96 × 10-6) and PCGF3 rs1044147 (OR: 2.67; 95% CI: 1.71–4.17; p = 9.91 × 10-6) were significantly associated with ACEI-induced cough. Nearly genome-wide significant associations in previously reported candidate risk genes CLASP1, ACE, CES1, CPN1, XPNPEP1, PDE11A or SLC38A were detected in our dataset. Conclusion: Our results suggest that ACEI-induced cough is associated with noncoding SNPs of PNPT1 and PCGF3, all of which are independent of the bradykinin pathway. Study registration: NCT03259399.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyan Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Chengzhang Liu
- Research Center, Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Hanxu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhiyan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xiaocong Pang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Qiufen Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zining Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Kun Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Shanqun Jiang
- School of Life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Xianhui Qin
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yimin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
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15
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Mai Y, Zhan C, Zhang S, Liu J, Liang W, Cai J, Lai K, Zhong N, Chen R. Arnold Nerve Reflex: Vagal Hypersensitivity in Chronic Cough With Various Causes. Chest 2020; 158:264-271. [PMID: 31945317 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A higher incidence of Arnold nerve reflex (ANR) has been observed in patients with chronic cough. However, the different ANR response in various causes of chronic cough remains unclear. Furthermore, it is unknown whether ANR will change after effective treatment. METHODS Patients with chronic cough were enrolled in the Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health. The causes of chronic cough were diagnosed via a validated management algorithm. Patients underwent an assessment of ANR response before and after 1 month of etiologic treatment. RESULTS A total of 127 patients with chronic cough and 55 healthy control subjects were enrolled. The positive response, defined as cough-only ANR or urge-to-cough (UTC), was present in 14.8% of patients with cough variant asthma (CVA), 11.1% of patients with upper airway cough syndrome, 15.4% of patients with gastroesophageal reflex related cough (GERC), 4.8% of patients with eosinophilic bronchitis, and 26.9% of patients with unexplained cough (UC). No ANR or UTC was found in the healthy control subjects. The incidence of the positive response was higher in subjects with CVA, GERC, and UC compared with healthy control subjects (all P < .05). No difference was observed among the different causes of chronic cough (all P > .05). After 1 month of treatment, 87.5% of patients identified with a positive response changed to a negative response. In a subgroup analysis, an increased cough sensitivity to capsaicin was found in the patients with a positive response compared with the patients with a negative response (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS A positive ANR appears to be a sign of vagal hypersensitivity and can be reversed after effective treatment of chronic cough. However, although various causes of chronic cough share a similar feature of an elevated ANR response in a minority of patients, there appears to be limited usefulness in assessing ANR because it does not appear to be a valid predictor of etiology of chronic cough or outcome of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglin Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Nanshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengfang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanqin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiawei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Nanshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kefang Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruchong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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16
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Mu G, Xiang Q, Zhou S, Xie Q, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Cui Y. Association between genetic polymorphisms and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmacogenomics 2019; 20:189-212. [PMID: 30672376 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2018-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Genetic polymorphisms may influence the incidence of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-induced cough. This study aims to investigate this association. Methods: Ten electronic databases and PharmGKB were systematically searched. Pooled odds ratio values and their 95% CI were used to assess the association, using the random-effects model. Results: A total of 26 studies were included in the review, 17 of them were included from two separated meta-analysis (ACE I/D or BDKRB2-58T/C). Significant association was found between ACE I/D I carriers (ACE gene insertion) and ACE inhibitor-induced cough, showing racial and age differences. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that ACE I/D but not BDKRB2-58T/C polymorphism could be a predictor for the risk of ACE inhibitor-induced cough, especially in east Asians and the aged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyan Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, 6# Dahongluochang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, PR China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, 6# Dahongluochang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, PR China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, 6# Dahongluochang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, PR China
| | - Qiufen Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, 6# Dahongluochang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, PR China
| | - Zhiyan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, 6# Dahongluochang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, PR China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, 6# Dahongluochang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, PR China
| | - Yimin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, 6# Dahongluochang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, PR China
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Evaluation of serum SLCO1B1 levels and genetic variants of SLCO1B1 rs4149056 and rs2306283 in patients with early and exudative age-related macular degeneration. Gene 2018; 676:139-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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18
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De T, Park CS, Perera MA. Cardiovascular Pharmacogenomics: Does It Matter If You're Black or White? Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 59:577-603. [PMID: 30296897 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010818-021154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Race and ancestry have long been associated with differential risk and outcomes to disease as well as responses to medications. These differences in drug response are multifactorial with some portion associated with genomic variation. The field of pharmacogenomics aims to predict drug response in patients prior to medication administration and to uncover the biological underpinnings of drug response. The field of human genetics has long recognized that genetic variation differs in frequency between ancestral populations, with some single nucleotide polymorphisms found solely in one population. Thus far, most pharmacogenomic studies have focused on individuals of European and East Asian ancestry, resulting in a substantial disparity in the clinical utility of genetic prediction for drug response in US minority populations. In this review, we discuss the genetic factors that underlie variability to drug response and known pharmacogenomic associations and how these differ between populations, with an emphasis on the current knowledge in cardiovascular pharmacogenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanima De
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA;
| | - C Sehwan Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA;
| | - Minoli A Perera
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA;
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19
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Ng FL, Warren HR, Caulfield MJ. Hypertension genomics and cardiovascular prevention. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:291. [PMID: 30211179 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.06.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension continues to be a major risk factor for global mortality, and recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have expanded in size, leading to the identification of further genetic loci influencing blood pressure. In light of the new knowledge from the largest cardiovascular GWAS to date, we review the potential impact of genomics on discovering potential drug targets, risk stratification with genetic risk scores, drug selection with pharmacogenetics, and exploring insights provided by gene-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Liang Ng
- William Harvey Research Institute, The NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Barts, Queen Mary University London, London, UK.,Barts BP Centre of Excellence, Barts Heart Centre, The NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Barts, St Bartholomew's Hospital, W Smithfield, London, UK
| | - Helen R Warren
- William Harvey Research Institute, The NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Barts, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- William Harvey Research Institute, The NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Barts, Queen Mary University London, London, UK.,Barts BP Centre of Excellence, Barts Heart Centre, The NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Barts, St Bartholomew's Hospital, W Smithfield, London, UK
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20
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Lätti AM, Pekkanen J, Koskela HO. Defining the risk factors for acute, subacute and chronic cough: a cross-sectional study in a Finnish adult employee population. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e022950. [PMID: 30012794 PMCID: PMC6082462 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic cough is linked to various long-standing risk factors like asthma, chronic rhinitis and oesophageal reflux disease. On the contrary, acute and subacute cough are usually considered to be caused by acute respiratory infections. Little is known about the possible long-standing risk factors for acute and subacute cough. In this study, we have identified the long-standing risk factors for acute, subacute and chronic cough in order to identify the risk factors specifically associated with chronic cough. DESIGN A comprehensive 80-item questionnaire was sent via email to the participants. SETTING A community-based study to all public service employees of two towns in central Finland. PARTICIPANTS There were 13 980 employees, of them 3697 responded (26.4%). Among the responders, there were 199 subjects with current daily acute cough (duration <3 weeks, prevalence 5.4%), 126 subjects with current daily subacute cough (duration 3-8 weeks, prevalence 3.4%) and 267 subjects with current daily chronic cough (duration >8 weeks, prevalence 7.2%). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES The risk factors that associated with each cough subtype. The subjects without any cough formed the reference group. RESULTS Several risk factors were associated with both short and long cough subtypes namely family history of chronic cough, moisture damage exposure and number of reported somatic symptoms. Furthermore, allergy was associated with acute and subacute cough. Current asthma and chronic rhinitis were associated with subacute and chronic cough. Oesophageal reflux disease and advanced age were associated with chronic cough. CONCLUSIONS The specific risk factors for chronic cough were oesophageal reflux disease and advanced age. Acute and subacute cough should not be regarded merely as symptoms of acute respiratory infections but possible manifestations of long-standing risk factors. A new risk factor for all cough types was family history of chronic cough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Lätti
- Unit for Medicine and Clinical Research, Pulmonary Division, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Environmental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki O Koskela
- Unit for Medicine and Clinical Research, Pulmonary Division, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Flaten HK, Monte AA. The Pharmacogenomic and Metabolomic Predictors of ACE Inhibitor and Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Effectiveness and Safety. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2017; 31:471-482. [PMID: 28741243 PMCID: PMC5727913 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-017-6733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is the most common chronic disease in the USA. Hypertensive patients frequently require repeat primary care visits to find an effective drug or drug combination to control their disease. Currently, patients are prescribed drugs for HTN based on race, age, and comorbidities and although the current guidelines are reasonable starting points for prescribing, 50% of hypertensive patients still fail to achieve target blood pressures. Despite numerous strategies to improve compliance, drug effectiveness, and optimization of initial drug choice, effectiveness has remained largely unchanged over the past two decades. Therefore, it is important to pursue alternative strategies to more effectively treat patients and to decrease medical costs. Additional precision medicine work is needed to identify factors associated with effectiveness of commonly used antihypertensive medications. The objective of this manuscript is to present a comprehensive review of the pharmacogenomic and metabolomic factors associated with ACEI and ARB effectiveness and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hania K Flaten
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Leprino Building, 7th Floor Campus Box B-215, 12401 E. 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Andrew A Monte
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Leprino Building, 7th Floor Campus Box B-215, 12401 E. 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics & Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Center, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, Denver, CO, USA
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Herbal Medicines for Treating Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:5936402. [PMID: 27413388 PMCID: PMC4930818 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5936402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines in the management of metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods. On December 9, 2015, we searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, AMED, CNKI, KoreaMed, KMBASE, OASIS, and J-STAGE with no restriction on language or published year. We selected randomized controlled trials that involved patients with metabolic syndrome being treated with herbal medicines as intervention. The main keywords were “Chinese herbal medicines”, “metabolic syndrome”, and “randomized controlled trials”. Herbal substances which were not based on East Asian medical theory, combination therapy with western medicines, and concurrent diseases other than metabolic syndrome were excluded. The risk of bias was assessed by Cochrane's “Risk of Bias” tool. The protocol or review was registered in PROSPERO (an international prospective register of systematic reviews) (CRD42014006842). Results. From 1,098 articles, 12 RCTs were included in this review: five trials studied herbal medicines versus a placebo or no treatment, and seven trials studied herbal medicines versus western medicines. Herbal medicines were effective on decreasing waist circumference, blood glucose, blood lipids, and blood pressure. Conclusion. This study suggests the possibility that herbal medicines can be complementary and alternative medicines for metabolic syndrome.
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