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Lin Y, Wu Z, Zheng Y, Wang X, Lin JM, Hou Y, Li N, Xing G, Lin L. Microfluidic Engineering of Addressable Multicompartmental Microspheres for Multicellular Systems. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39150516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c03544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
With the advantages of high-throughput manufacturing and customizability, on-microsphere construction of in vitro multicellular analytical systems has garnered significant attention. However, achieving a precise, biocompatible cell arrangement and spatial signal analysis in hydrogel microspheres remains challenging. In this work, a microfluidic method is reported for the biocompatible generation of addressable supersegmented multicompartmental microspheres. Additionally, these microspheres are developed as novel label-free multicellular systems. In the microfluidic approach, controllable microfluidics is used to finely tune the internal microstructure of the microspheres, and the gas ejector ensures the biocompatibility of the preparation process. As a proof of concept, six- and twenty-compartment microspheres were obtained without the addition of any biohazardous reagents. For microsphere decoding, the visualization of two basic compartments can provide clues for identifying label-free cells due to the structural regularity of the microspheres. Finally, by encapsulating cells of different types, these microspheres as multicellular systems were successfully used for cell coculture and drug testing. These biocompatible, scalable, and analyzable microspheres will open up new prospects for biomedical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongning Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zengnan Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yajing Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaorui Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health for the elderly, Department of Bioengineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ying Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Nan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Gaowa Xing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ling Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health for the elderly, Department of Bioengineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
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2
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Liu Y, Ling S, Chen Z, Xu J. Ionic Polymerization-Based Synthesis of Bioinspired Adhesive Hydrogel Microparticles with Tunable Morphologies from Microfluidics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:37028-37040. [PMID: 38963006 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Shape-anisotropic hydrogel microparticles have attracted considerable attention for drug-delivery applications. Particularly, nonspherical hydrogel microcarriers with enhanced adhesive and circulatory abilities have demonstrated value in gastrointestinal drug administration. Herein, inspired by the structures of natural suckers, we demonstrate an ionic polymerization-based production of calcium (Ca)-alginate microparticles with tunable shapes from Janus emulsion for the first time. Monodispersed Janus droplets composed of sodium alginate and nongelable segments were generated using a coflow droplet generator. The interfacial curvatures, sizes, and production frequencies of Janus droplets can be flexibly controlled by varying the flow conditions and surfactant concentrations in the multiphase system. Janus droplets were ionically solidified on a chip, and hydrogel beads of different shapes were obtained. The in vitro and in vivo adhesion abilities of the hydrogel beads to the mouse colon were investigated. The anisotropic beads showed prominent adhesive properties compared with the spherical particles owing to their sticky hydrogel components and unique shapes. Finally, a novel computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method (CFD-DEM) coupling simulation was used to evaluate particle migration and contact forces theoretically. This review presents a simple strategy to synthesize Ca-alginate particles with tunable structures that could be ideal materials for constructing gastrointestinal drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhe Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Sida Ling
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jianhong Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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3
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Wu Z, Zheng Y, Lin L, Lin Y, Xie T, Lin J, Xing G, Lin JM. Fabrication and Performance of Bubble-Containing Multicompartmental Particles: Novel Self-Orienting Carriers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2306814. [PMID: 38126902 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a class of bubble-containing multicompartmental particles with self-orienting capability is developed, where a single bubble is enclosed at the top of the super-segmented architecture. Such bubbles, driven by potential energy minimization, cause the particles to have a bubble-upward preferred orientation in liquid, enabling efficient decoding of their high-density signals in an interference-resistant manner. The particle preparation involves bubble encapsulation via the impact of a multicompartmental droplet on the liquid surface and overall stabilization via rational crosslinking. The conditions for obtaining these particles are systematically investigated. Methodological compatibility with materials is demonstrated by different hydrogel particles. Finally, by encapsulating cargoes of interest, these particles have found broad applications in actuators, multiplexed detection, barcodes, and multicellular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengnan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yajing Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yongning Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Department of Bioengineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Tianze Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiaxu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Gaowa Xing
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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4
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Wang Y, Chen J, Su G, Mei J, Li J. A Review of Single-Cell Microrobots: Classification, Driving Methods and Applications. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1710. [PMID: 37763873 PMCID: PMC10537272 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell microrobots are new microartificial devices that use a combination of single cells and artificial devices, with the advantages of small size, easy degradation and ease of manufacture. With externally driven strategies such as light fields, sound fields and magnetic fields, microrobots are able to carry out precise micromanipulations and movements in complex microenvironments. Therefore, single-cell microrobots have received more and more attention and have been greatly developed in recent years. In this paper, we review the main classifications, control methods and recent advances in the field of single-cell microrobot applications. First, different types of robots, such as cell-based microrobots, bacteria-based microrobots, algae-based microrobots, etc., and their design strategies and fabrication processes are discussed separately. Next, three types of external field-driven technologies, optical, acoustic and magnetic, are presented and operations realized in vivo and in vitro by applying these three technologies are described. Subsequently, the results achieved by these robots in the fields of precise delivery, minimally invasive therapy are analyzed. Finally, a short summary is given and current challenges and future work on microbial-based robotics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Junyang Li
- School of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (Y.W.); (J.C.); (G.S.); (J.M.)
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Weisgerber D, Hatori M, Li X, Abate AR. Polyhedral Particles with Controlled Concavity by Indentation Templating. Anal Chem 2022; 94:7475-7482. [PMID: 35578791 PMCID: PMC9161221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Current methods for fabricating microparticles offer limited control over size and shape. Here, we demonstrate a droplet microfluidic method to form polyhedral microparticles with controlled concavity. By manipulating Laplace pressure, buoyancy, and particle rheology, we generate microparticles with diverse shapes and curvatures. Additionally, we demonstrate the particles provide increased capture efficiency when used for particle-templated emulsification. Our approach enables microparticles with enhanced chemical and biological functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel
W. Weisgerber
- Department
of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences University of California, San Francisco 1700 Fourth Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Makiko Hatori
- Department
of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences University of California, San Francisco 1700 Fourth Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Xiangpeng Li
- Department
of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences University of California, San Francisco 1700 Fourth Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Adam R. Abate
- Department
of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences University of California, San Francisco 1700 Fourth Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
- Chan
Zuckerberg Biohub 499
Illinois Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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6
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Fabrication of Microparticles with Front-Back Asymmetric Shapes Using Anisotropic Gelation. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12091121. [PMID: 34577764 PMCID: PMC8466830 DOI: 10.3390/mi12091121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Droplet-based microfluidics is a powerful tool for producing monodispersed micrometer-sized droplets with controlled sizes and shapes; thus, it has been widely applied in diverse fields from fundamental science to industries. Toward a simpler method for fabricating microparticles with front–back asymmetry in their shapes, we studied anisotropic gelation of alginate droplets, which occurs inside a flow-focusing microfluidic device. In the proposed method, sodium alginate (NaAlg) aqueous phase fused with a calcium chloride (CaCl2) emulsion dispersed in the organic phase just before the aqueous phase breaks up into the droplets. The fused droplet with a front–back asymmetric shape was generated, and the asymmetric shape was kept after geometrical confinement by a narrow microchannel was removed. The shape of the fused droplet depended on the size of prefused NaAlg aqueous phase and a CaCl2 emulsion, and the front–back asymmetry appeared in the case of the smaller emulsion size. The analysis of the velocity field inside and around the droplet revealed that the stagnation point at the tip of the aqueous phase also played an important role. The proposed mechanism will be potentially applicable as a novel fabrication technique of microparticles with asymmetric shapes.
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7
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Lu H, Tang SY, Yun G, Li H, Zhang Y, Qiao R, Li W. Modular and Integrated Systems for Nanoparticle and Microparticle Synthesis-A Review. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:E165. [PMID: 33153122 PMCID: PMC7693962 DOI: 10.3390/bios10110165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) and microparticles (MPs) have been widely used in different areas of research such as materials science, energy, and biotechnology. On-demand synthesis of NPs and MPs with desired chemical and physical properties is essential for different applications. However, most of the conventional methods for producing NPs/MPs require bulky and expensive equipment, which occupies large space and generally need complex operation with dedicated expertise and labour. These limitations hinder inexperienced researchers to harness the advantages of NPs and MPs in their fields of research. When problems individual researchers accumulate, the overall interdisciplinary innovations for unleashing a wider range of directions are undermined. In recent years, modular and integrated systems are developed for resolving the ongoing dilemma. In this review, we focus on the development of modular and integrated systems that assist the production of NPs and MPs. We categorise these systems into two major groups: systems for the synthesis of (1) NPs and (2) MPs; systems for producing NPs are further divided into two sections based on top-down and bottom-up approaches. The mechanisms of each synthesis method are explained, and the properties of produced NPs/MPs are compared. Finally, we discuss existing challenges and outline the potentials for the development of modular and integrated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongda Lu
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (H.L.); (G.Y.)
| | - Shi-Yang Tang
- Department of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Guolin Yun
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (H.L.); (G.Y.)
| | - Haiyue Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Ruirui Qiao
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Weihua Li
- Department of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
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8
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Wu Z, Zheng Y, Lin L, Mao S, Li Z, Lin J. Controllable Synthesis of Multicompartmental Particles Using 3D Microfluidics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:2225-2229. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zengnan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
- Department of ChemistryBeijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and InstrumentationMOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical BiologyTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yajing Zheng
- Department of ChemistryBeijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and InstrumentationMOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical BiologyTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Ling Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Sifeng Mao
- Department of ChemistryBeijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and InstrumentationMOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical BiologyTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Zenghe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Jin‐Ming Lin
- Department of ChemistryBeijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and InstrumentationMOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical BiologyTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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9
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Gaspar VM, Lavrador P, Borges J, Oliveira MB, Mano JF. Advanced Bottom-Up Engineering of Living Architectures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1903975. [PMID: 31823448 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Bottom-up tissue engineering is a promising approach for designing modular biomimetic structures that aim to recapitulate the intricate hierarchy and biofunctionality of native human tissues. In recent years, this field has seen exciting progress driven by an increasing knowledge of biological systems and their rational deconstruction into key core components. Relevant advances in the bottom-up assembly of unitary living blocks toward the creation of higher order bioarchitectures based on multicellular-rich structures or multicomponent cell-biomaterial synergies are described. An up-to-date critical overview of long-term existing and rapidly emerging technologies for integrative bottom-up tissue engineering is provided, including discussion of their practical challenges and required advances. It is envisioned that a combination of cell-biomaterial constructs with bioadaptable features and biospecific 3D designs will contribute to the development of more robust and functional humanized tissues for therapies and disease models, as well as tools for fundamental biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vítor M Gaspar
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Lavrador
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João Borges
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariana B Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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10
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Li J, Baxani DK, Jamieson WD, Xu W, Rocha VG, Barrow DA, Castell OK. Formation of Polarized, Functional Artificial Cells from Compartmentalized Droplet Networks and Nanomaterials, Using One-Step, Dual-Material 3D-Printed Microfluidics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1901719. [PMID: 31921557 PMCID: PMC6947711 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The bottom-up construction of synthetic cells with user-defined chemical organization holds considerable promise in the creation of bioinspired materials. Complex emulsions, droplet networks, and nested vesicles all represent platforms for the engineering of segregated chemistries with controlled communication, analogous to biological cells. Microfluidic manufacture of such droplet-based materials typically results in radial or axisymmetric structures. In contrast, biological cells frequently display chemical polarity or gradients, which enable the determination of directionality, and inform higher-order interactions. Here, a dual-material, 3D-printing methodology to produce microfluidic architectures that enable the construction of functional, asymmetric, hierarchical, emulsion-based artificial cellular chassis is developed. These materials incorporate droplet networks, lipid membranes, and nanoparticle components. Microfluidic 3D-channel arrangements enable symmetry-breaking and the spatial patterning of droplet hierarchies. This approach can produce internal gradients and hemispherically patterned, multilayered shells alongside chemical compartmentalization. Such organization enables incorporation of organic and inorganic components, including lipid bilayers, within the same entity. In this way, functional polarization, that imparts individual and collective directionality on the resulting artificial cells, is demonstrated. This approach enables exploitation of polarity and asymmetry, in conjunction with compartmentalized and networked chemistry, in single and higher-order organized structures, thereby increasing the palette of functionality in artificial cellular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Cardiff University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesRedwood Building, King Edward VII AveCardiffCF10 3NBUK
- Cardiff University School of EngineeringQueen's Buildings, 14‐17 The ParadeCardiffCF24 3AAUK
| | - Divesh Kamal Baxani
- Cardiff University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesRedwood Building, King Edward VII AveCardiffCF10 3NBUK
| | - William David Jamieson
- Cardiff University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesRedwood Building, King Edward VII AveCardiffCF10 3NBUK
| | - Wen Xu
- Cardiff Business School Cardiff UniversityAberconway Building, Colum DrCardiffCF10 3EUUK
| | - Victoria Garcia Rocha
- Cardiff University School of EngineeringQueen's Buildings, 14‐17 The ParadeCardiffCF24 3AAUK
| | - David Anthony Barrow
- Cardiff University School of EngineeringQueen's Buildings, 14‐17 The ParadeCardiffCF24 3AAUK
| | - Oliver Kieran Castell
- Cardiff University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesRedwood Building, King Edward VII AveCardiffCF10 3NBUK
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11
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Wu Z, Zheng Y, Lin L, Mao S, Li Z, Lin J. Controllable Synthesis of Multicompartmental Particles Using 3D Microfluidics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zengnan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
- Department of ChemistryBeijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and InstrumentationMOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical BiologyTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yajing Zheng
- Department of ChemistryBeijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and InstrumentationMOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical BiologyTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Ling Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Sifeng Mao
- Department of ChemistryBeijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and InstrumentationMOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical BiologyTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Zenghe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Jin‐Ming Lin
- Department of ChemistryBeijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and InstrumentationMOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical BiologyTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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12
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Koldeweij RBJ, van Capelleveen BF, Lohse D, Visser CW. Marangoni-driven spreading of miscible liquids in the binary pendant drop geometry. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:8525-8531. [PMID: 31592523 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm02074d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
When two liquids with different surface tensions come into contact, the liquid with lower surface tension spreads over the other liquid. This Marangoni-driven spreading has been studied for various geometries and surfactants, but the dynamics of miscible liquids in the binary geometry (drop-drop) has hardly been investigated. Here we use stroboscopic illumination by nanosecond laser pulses to temporally resolve the distance L(t) over which a low-surface-tension drop spreads over a miscible high-surface-tension drop. L(t) is measured as a function of time, t, for various surface tension differences between the liquids and for various viscosities, revealing a power-law L(t) ∼ tα with a spreading exponent α ≈ 0.75. This value is consistent with previous results for viscosity-limited spreading over a deep bath. The universal power law L[combining tilde] ∝ t[combining tilde]3/4 that describes the dimensionless distance L[combining tilde] as a function of the dimensionless time t[combining tilde] reasonably captures our experiments, as well as previous experiments for different geometries, miscibilities, and surface tension modifiers (solvents and surfactants). The range of this power law remarkably covers ten orders of magnitude in dimensionless time. This result enables engineering of drop encapsulation for various liquid-liquid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin B J Koldeweij
- Physics of Fluids Group & Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, Department of Science and Technology, J. M. Burgers Center for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
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13
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Koyano Y, Kitahata H, Gryciuk M, Akulich N, Gorecka A, Malecki M, Gorecki J. Bifurcation in the angular velocity of a circular disk propelled by symmetrically distributed camphor pills. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2019; 29:013125. [PMID: 30709118 DOI: 10.1063/1.5061027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We studied rotation of a disk propelled by a number of camphor pills symmetrically distributed at its edge. The disk was put on a water surface so that it could rotate around a vertical axis located at the disk center. In such a system, the driving torque originates from surface tension difference resulting from inhomogeneous surface concentration of camphor molecules released from the pills. Here, we investigated the dependence of the stationary angular velocity on the disk radius and on the number of pills. The work extends our previous study on a linear rotor propelled by two camphor pills [Y. Koyano et al., Phys. Rev. E 96, 012609 (2017)]. It was observed that the angular velocity dropped to zero after a critical number of pills was exceeded. Such behavior was confirmed by a numerical model of time evolution of the rotor. The model predicts that, for a fixed friction coefficient, the speed of pills can be accurately represented by a function of the linear number density of pills. We also present bifurcation analysis of the conditions at which the transition between a standing and a rotating disk appears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Koyano
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | | | - Marian Gryciuk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | - Nadejda Akulich
- Department of Chemistry, Technology of Electrochemical Production and Electronic Engineering Materials, Belarusian State Technological University, Minsk 220006, Belarus
| | - Agnieszka Gorecka
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Maciej Malecki
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| | - Jerzy Gorecki
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
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Controlled Construction of Stable Network Structure Composed of Honeycomb-Shaped Microhydrogels. Life (Basel) 2018; 8:life8040038. [PMID: 30241312 PMCID: PMC6316562 DOI: 10.3390/life8040038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the construction of models for multicellular systems such as tissues has been attracting great interest. These model systems are expected to reproduce a cell communication network and provide insight into complicated functions in living systems./Such network structures have mainly been modelled using a droplet and a vesicle. However, in the droplet and vesicle network, there are difficulties attributed to structural instabilities due to external stimuli and perturbations. Thus, the fabrication of a network composed of a stable component such as hydrogel is desired. In this article, the construction of a stable network composed of honeycomb-shaped microhydrogels is described. We produced the microhydrogel network using a centrifugal microfluidic technique and a photosensitive polymer. In the network, densely packed honeycomb-shaped microhydrogels were observed. Additionally, we successfully controlled the degree of packing of microhydrogels in the network by changing the centrifugal force. We believe that our stable network will contribute to the study of cell communication in multicellular systems.
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15
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Kamperman T, Trikalitis VD, Karperien M, Visser CW, Leijten J. Ultrahigh-Throughput Production of Monodisperse and Multifunctional Janus Microparticles Using in-Air Microfluidics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:23433-23438. [PMID: 29952552 PMCID: PMC6050533 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b05227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Compartmentalized Janus microparticles advance many applications ranging from chemical synthesis to consumer electronics. Although these particles can be accurately manufactured using microfluidic droplet generators, the per-nozzle throughputs are relatively low (∼μL/min). Here, we use "in-air microfluidics" to combine liquid microjets in midair, thereby enabling orders of magnitude faster production of Janus microparticles (∼mL/min) as compared to chip-based microfluidics. Monodisperse Janus microparticles with diameters between 50 and 500 μm, tunable compartment sizes, and functional cargo are controllably produced. Furthermore, these microparticles are designed as magnetically steerable microreactors, which represents a novel tool to perform enzymatic cascade reactions within continuous fluid flows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Kamperman
- Department
of Developmental BioEngineering, Technical Medical Centre, and Physics of Fluids
Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
| | - Vasileios D. Trikalitis
- Department
of Developmental BioEngineering, Technical Medical Centre, and Physics of Fluids
Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Department
of Developmental BioEngineering, Technical Medical Centre, and Physics of Fluids
Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Claas Willem Visser
- Department
of Developmental BioEngineering, Technical Medical Centre, and Physics of Fluids
Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
- Wyss
Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering and John A. Paulson
School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jeroen Leijten
- Department
of Developmental BioEngineering, Technical Medical Centre, and Physics of Fluids
Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
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16
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Visser CW, Kamperman T, Karbaat LP, Lohse D, Karperien M. In-air microfluidics enables rapid fabrication of emulsions, suspensions, and 3D modular (bio)materials. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaao1175. [PMID: 29399628 PMCID: PMC5792224 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aao1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic chips provide unparalleled control over droplets and jets, which have advanced all natural sciences. However, microfluidic applications could be vastly expanded by increasing the per-channel throughput and directly exploiting the output of chips for rapid additive manufacturing. We unlock these features with in-air microfluidics, a new chip-free platform to manipulate microscale liquid streams in the air. By controlling the composition and in-air impact of liquid microjets by surface tension-driven encapsulation, we fabricate monodisperse emulsions, particles, and fibers with diameters of 20 to 300 μm at rates that are 10 to 100 times higher than chip-based droplet microfluidics. Furthermore, in-air microfluidics uniquely enables module-based production of three-dimensional (3D) multiscale (bio)materials in one step because droplets are partially solidified in-flight and can immediately be printed onto a substrate. In-air microfluidics is cytocompatible, as demonstrated by additive manufacturing of 3D modular constructs with tailored microenvironments for multiple cell types. Its in-line control, high throughput and resolution, and cytocompatibility make in-air microfluidics a versatile platform technology for science, industry, and health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claas Willem Visser
- Physics of Fluids Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Tom Kamperman
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Lisanne P. Karbaat
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Detlef Lohse
- Physics of Fluids Group, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands
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17
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Maestri CA, Bettotti P, Scarpa M. Fabrication of complex-shaped hydrogels by diffusion controlled gelation of nanocellulose crystallites. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:8096-8104. [PMID: 32264648 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01899a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study we investigated the fabrication of small hydrogel objects by the coordination-driven assembly of supramolecular rod-like crystallites of nanocellulose, using ionotropic gelation as a methodological approach and Ca2+ as a gelling agent. We proved that the gelation process is diffusion-mediated and fitting the equations modelling this process to the profile of the Ca2+ front, a Ca2+ diffusion coefficient in the incipient hydrogel of (4.5 ± 1.1) × 10-6 cm2 s-1 was calculated. At the steady-state a spatially homogeneous distribution of Ca2+-crosslinked sites in the hydrogel network was observed. External ionotropic gelation produced beads, wires or disks, while core-shell capsules were obtained by inverse ionotropic gelation. We demonstrated that equilibrium and dynamics of the distribution of Ca2+ offer the opportunity to design precisely the size and shape of these small hydrogel objects. In particular, the core size and the shell thickness of the capsules can be tailored under kinetic controlled conditions. The proposed approach, with supramolecular structures of the natural source as assembling components and the water-in-water fabrication process, is fast, simple, and requires only sustainable chemistry and is easily implementable in automatic microfluidic platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Maestri
- Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, I-38123 Povo TN, Italy.
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18
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Ran R, Sun Q, Baby T, Wibowo D, Middelberg AP, Zhao CX. Multiphase microfluidic synthesis of micro- and nanostructures for pharmaceutical applications. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Morimoto Y, Onuki M, Takeuchi S. Mass Production of Cell-Laden Calcium Alginate Particles with Centrifugal Force. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28426183 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a centrifuge-based device for oil-free and mass production of calcium-alginate (Ca-alginate) particles. The device is composed of four components: a tank with a glass capillary for forming sodium alginate droplets, a collecting bath with calcium chloride (CaCl2 ) solution, a waste liquid box, and a bypass channel bridged between the collecting bath and the waste liquid box. When the device is centrifuged, extra CaCl2 solution in the collecting bath is delivered to the waste liquid box to maintain the appropriate liquid level of CaCl2 solution for the production of monodisperse Ca-alginate particles. The proposed device enables oil-free production of over 45 000 uniformly sized Ca-alginate particles in a single 240 s process, whereas using the conventional method with only a glass capillary, ≈1000 particles are formed within the same processing time. Because of the high biocompatibility of the oil-free process, the device is applicable to cell encapsulation in Ca-alginate particles with high cell viability, as well as the formation of a macroscopic 3D cellular structure using Ca-alginate particles covered with cells as assembly modules. These results suggest that the device can be a useful tool for preparing experimental platforms in biomedical and tissue engineering fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Morimoto
- Center for International Research on Integrative Biomedical Systems (CIBiS); Institute of Industrial Science (IIS); The University of Tokyo; 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan
| | - Maiko Onuki
- Center for International Research on Integrative Biomedical Systems (CIBiS); Institute of Industrial Science (IIS); The University of Tokyo; 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan
| | - Shoji Takeuchi
- Center for International Research on Integrative Biomedical Systems (CIBiS); Institute of Industrial Science (IIS); The University of Tokyo; 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan
- Takeuchi Biohybrid innovation Project; ERATO; Japan Science and Technology (JST); Komaba Open Laboratory (KOL) Room M202; 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8904 Japan
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20
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Yoshida S, Takinoue M, Onoe H. Compartmentalized Spherical Collagen Microparticles for Anisotropic Cell Culture Microenvironments. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28322015 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a new fabrication method for obtaining anisotropic spherical hydrogel microparticles with different types of extracellular matrix (ECM) hemispheres for use in 3D cell culture. To fabricate the microparticles, a mixture of an ECM precursor solution and sodium alginate is ejected into a calcium chloride solution under large centrifugal acceleration by a centrifuge-based microfluidic device; the calcium alginate hydrogel plays a significant role as a "sacrificial gelation template" to maintain the ECM molecules in each hemisphere. This fabrication method enables gaining control of the hemispherical volume, density, and type of ECM. Using the microparticles, cells could be successfully encapsulated in each hemisphere selectively with high viability, which are then suitable for culture in the microparticles to form microtissues. It is believed that the proposed anisotropic ECM microparticles will facilitate the coculture of multiple cell types in different ECMs, which is similar to in vivo microenvironments, facilitating control of cell behavior in an anisotropic microenvironment for the benefit of large-scale and quantitative analyses in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Yoshida
- Keio University; 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 223-5822 Japan
| | - Masahiro Takinoue
- Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 226-8502 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Onoe
- Keio University; 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 223-5822 Japan
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21
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Yasuda S, Hayakawa M, Onoe H, Takinoue M. Twisting microfluidics in a planetary centrifuge. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:2141-2147. [PMID: 28191582 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02695h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports a twisting microfluidic method utilising a centrifuge-based fluid extruding system in a planetary centrifuge which simultaneously generates an orbital rotation and an axial spin. In this method, fluid extrusion from a micro-scale capillary to an 'open-space' solution or air enables release of the fluid from the capillary-based microchannel, which physically means that there is a release of fluids from a confined low-Reynolds-number environment to an open non-low-Reynolds-number environment. As a result, the extruded fluids are separated from the axial spin of the capillary, and the difference in the angular rates of the axial spin between the capillary and the extruded fluids produces the 'twisting' of the fluid. In this study, we achieve control of the twist of highly viscous fluids, and we construct a simple physical model for the fluid twist. In addition, we demonstrate the formation of twisted hydrogel microstructures (stripe-patterned microbeads and multi-helical microfibres) with control over the stripe pattern and the helical pitch length. We believe that this method will enable the generation of more sophisticated microstructures which cannot easily be formed by usual channel-based microfluidic devices. This method can also provide advanced control of microfluids, as in the case of rapid mixing of highly viscous fluids. This method can contribute to a wide range of applications in materials science, biophysics, biomedical science, and microengineering in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoya Yasuda
- Department of Computational Intelligence and Systems Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hayakawa
- Department of Computational Intelligence and Systems Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Onoe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takinoue
- Department of Computational Intelligence and Systems Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan and Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan.
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22
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Choi A, Seo KD, Kim DW, Kim BC, Kim DS. Recent advances in engineering microparticles and their nascent utilization in biomedical delivery and diagnostic applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:591-613. [PMID: 28101538 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01023g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Complex microparticles (MPs) bearing unique characteristics such as well-tailored sizes, various morphologies, and multi-compartments have been attempted to be produced by many researchers in the past decades. However, a conventionally used method of fabricating MPs, emulsion polymerization, has a limitation in achieving the aforementioned characteristics and several approaches such as the microfluidics-assisted (droplet-based microfluidics and flow lithography-based microfluidics), electrohydrodynamics (EHD)-based, centrifugation-based, and template-based methods have been recently suggested to overcome this limitation. The outstanding features of complex MPs engineered through these suggested methods have provided new opportunities for MPs to be applied in a wider range of applications including cell carriers, drug delivery agents, active pigments for display, microsensors, interface stabilizers, and catalyst substrates. Overall, the engineered MPs expose their potential particularly in the field of biomedical engineering as the increased complexity in the engineered MPs fulfills well the requirements of the high-end applications. This review outlines the current trends of newly developed techniques used for engineered MPs fabrication and focuses on the current state of engineered MPs in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea.
| | - Kyoung Duck Seo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea.
| | - Do Wan Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea.
| | - Bum Chang Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea.
| | - Dong Sung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang City, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea.
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23
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Influence of Asymmetry and Driving Forces on the Propulsion of Bubble-Propelled Catalytic Micromotors. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:mi7120229. [PMID: 30404402 PMCID: PMC6190221 DOI: 10.3390/mi7120229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Bubble-propelled catalytic micromotors have recently been attracting much attention. A bubble-propulsion mechanism has the advantage of producing a stronger force and higher speed than other mechanisms for catalytic micromotors, but the nature of the fluctuated bubble generation process affects the motions of the micromotors, making it difficult to control their motions. Thus, understanding of the influence of fluctuating bubble propulsion on the motions of catalytic micromotors is important in exploiting the advantages of bubble-propelled micromotors. Here, we report experimental demonstrations of the bubble-propelled motions of propeller-shaped micromotors and numerical analyses of the influence of fluctuating bubble propulsion on the motions of propeller-shaped micromotors. We found that motions such as trochoid-like motion and circular motion emerged depending on the magnitude or symmetricity of fluctuations in the bubble-propulsion process. We hope that those results will help in the construction and application of sophisticated bubble-propelled micromotors in the future.
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24
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Koyano Y, Sakurai T, Kitahata H. Oscillatory motion of a camphor grain in a one-dimensional finite region. Phys Rev E 2016; 94:042215. [PMID: 27841473 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.94.042215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The motion of a self-propelled particle is affected by its surroundings, such as boundaries or external fields. In this paper, we investigated the bifurcation of the motion of a camphor grain, as a simple actual self-propelled system, confined in a one-dimensional finite region. A camphor grain exhibits oscillatory motion or remains at rest around the center position in a one-dimensional finite water channel, depending on the length of the water channel and the resistance coefficient. A mathematical model including the boundary effect is analytically reduced to an ordinary differential equation. Linear stability analysis reveals that the Hopf bifurcation occurs, reflecting the symmetry of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Koyano
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Tatsunari Sakurai
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kitahata
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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25
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Nisisako T. Recent advances in microfluidic production of Janus droplets and particles. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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