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Anil D, Devi M, Jha G, Khan Z, Mahesh V, Ajithprasad P, Chauhan N. Deep-rooted Indian Middle Palaeolithic: Terminal Middle Pleistocene lithic assemblage from Retlapalle, Andhra Pradesh, India. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302580. [PMID: 39190629 PMCID: PMC11349113 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The Indian Middle Palaeolithic has been recognized as crucial evidence for understanding the complex behavioural dynamics of hominins and is also seen as a behavioural marker of early Homo sapiens in the region. Recent research has pushed back the timeline of the Middle Palaeolithic to the Middle Pleistocene epoch, indicating a potential in-situ emergence from the earlier Late Acheulian culture. The long-lasting Middle Palaeolithic culture in India evolve over multiple glacial-interglacial cycle, showing signs of behavioural resilience to bigger climatic upheaval like ~74 ka Toba super-eruption. This has added to the complexity of our understanding of the Middle Palaeolithic in the region and emphasizes the need for further research. This study focuses upon the investigation of Middle Palaeolithic artefacts found in the Retlapalle area within the upper Gundlakamma river basin, Andhra Pradesh. The dating of the artefact-bearing layer was carried out using the p-IR-IRSL method, which revealed a burial age of 139±17 thousand years. The Retlapalle assemblage is characterized by a diverse range of Levallois core reductions, various retouched artefacts, with a dominance of pointed tools, and a few blade components. The study provides a valuable addition to the existing body of data concerning Palaeolithic sites dating back to the Middle Pleistocene, a period that remains relatively underexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devara Anil
- Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Monika Devi
- Luminescence Laboratory, AMOPH Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Gopesh Jha
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, Jena, Germany
- Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Zakir Khan
- School of Studies in Ancient Indian History, Culture, and Archaeology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Vrushab Mahesh
- Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - P. Ajithprasad
- Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Naveen Chauhan
- Luminescence Laboratory, AMOPH Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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2
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Fohlmeister J, Sekhon N, Columbu A, Vettoretti G, Weitzel N, Rehfeld K, Veiga-Pires C, Ben-Yami M, Marwan N, Boers N. Global reorganization of atmospheric circulation during Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2302283120. [PMID: 37639590 PMCID: PMC10483664 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2302283120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ice core records from Greenland provide evidence for multiple abrupt cold-warm-cold events recurring at millennial time scales during the last glacial interval. Although climate variations resembling Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) oscillations have been identified in climate archives across the globe, our understanding of the climate and ecosystem impacts of the Greenland warming events in lower latitudes remains incomplete. Here, we investigate the influence of DO-cold-to-warm transitions on the global atmospheric circulation pattern. We comprehensively analyze δ18O changes during DO transitions in a globally distributed dataset of speleothems and set those in context with simulations of a comprehensive high-resolution climate model featuring internal millennial-scale variations of similar magnitude. Across the globe, speleothem δ18O signals and model results indicate consistent large-scale changes in precipitation amount, moisture source, or seasonality of precipitation associated with the DO transitions, in agreement with northward shifts of the Hadley circulation. Furthermore, we identify a decreasing trend in the amplitude of DO transitions with increasing distances from the North Atlantic region. This provides quantitative observational evidence for previous suggestions of the North Atlantic region being the focal point for these archetypes of past abrupt climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Fohlmeister
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, 14473Potsdam, Germany
| | - Natasha Sekhon
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI02912
- Institute at Brown for Environment and Society, Brown University, Providence, RI02912
| | - Andrea Columbu
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, 56126Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Vettoretti
- Physics of Ice, Climate and Earth, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2200Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nils Weitzel
- Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, 72076Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Physics, Heidelberg University, 69120Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kira Rehfeld
- Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, 72076Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Environmental Physics, Heidelberg University, 69120Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Tübingen, 72076Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cristina Veiga-Pires
- Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139Faro, Portugal
| | - Maya Ben-Yami
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, 14473Potsdam, Germany
- Earth System Modelling, School of Engineering & Design, Technical University of Munich, Munich80333, Germany
| | - Norbert Marwan
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, 14473Potsdam, Germany
| | - Niklas Boers
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, 14473Potsdam, Germany
- Earth System Modelling, School of Engineering & Design, Technical University of Munich, Munich80333, Germany
- Global Systems Institute, University of Exeter, ExeterEX4 4QF, UK
- Department of Mathematics, University of Exeter, ExeterEX4 4QF, UK
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3
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Tian Y, Fleitmann D, Zhang Q, Sha L, Wassenburg JA, Axelsson J, Zhang H, Li X, Hu J, Li H, Zhao L, Cai Y, Ning Y, Cheng H. Holocene climate change in southern Oman deciphered by speleothem records and climate model simulations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4718. [PMID: 37543627 PMCID: PMC10404270 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Qunf Cave oxygen isotope (δ18Oc) record from southern Oman is one of the most significant of few Holocene Indian summer monsoon cave records. However, the interpretation of the Qunf δ18Oc remains in dispute. Here we provide a multi-proxy record from Qunf Cave and climate model simulations to reconstruct the Holocene local and regional hydroclimate changes. The results indicate that besides the Indian summer monsoon, the North African summer monsoon also contributes water vapor to southern Oman during the early to middle Holocene. In principle, Qunf δ18Oc values reflect integrated oxygen-isotope fractionations over a broad moisture transport swath from moisture sources to the cave site, rather than local precipitation amount alone, and thus the Qunf δ18Oc record characterizes primary changes in the Afro-Asian monsoon regime across the Holocene. In contrast, local climate proxies appear to suggest an overall slightly increased or unchanged wetness over the Holocene at the cave site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Dominik Fleitmann
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, 4054, Switzerland
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Physical Geography and the Bolin Centre for Climate Change, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Lijuan Sha
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jasper A Wassenburg
- Center for Climate Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Josefine Axelsson
- Department of Physical Geography and the Bolin Centre for Climate Change, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Haiwei Zhang
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xianglei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jun Hu
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Hanying Li
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yanjun Cai
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Youfeng Ning
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hai Cheng
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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4
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Nuber S, Rae JWB, Zhang X, Andersen MB, Dumont MD, Mithan HT, Sun Y, de Boer B, Hall IR, Barker S. Indian Ocean salinity build-up primes deglacial ocean circulation recovery. Nature 2023; 617:306-311. [PMID: 37165236 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05866-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The Indian Ocean provides a source of salt for North Atlantic deep-water convection sites, via the Agulhas Leakage, and may thus drive changes in the ocean's overturning circulation1-3. However, little is known about the salt content variability of Indian Ocean and Agulhas Leakage waters during past glacial cycles and how this may influence circulation. Here we show that the glacial Indian Ocean surface salt budget was notably different from the modern, responding dynamically to changes in sea level. Indian Ocean surface salinity increased during glacial intensification, peaking in glacial maxima. We find that this is due to rapid land exposure in the Indonesian archipelago induced by glacial sea-level lowering, and we suggest a mechanistic link via reduced input of relatively fresh Indonesian Throughflow waters into the Indian Ocean. Using climate model results, we show that the release of this glacial Indian Ocean salinity via the Agulhas Leakage during deglaciation can directly impact the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and global climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Nuber
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
- Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - James W B Rae
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Morten B Andersen
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Matthew D Dumont
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Huw T Mithan
- Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yuchen Sun
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Bas de Boer
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ian R Hall
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Stephen Barker
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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5
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Bagniewski W, Rousseau DD, Ghil M. The PaleoJump database for abrupt transitions in past climates. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4472. [PMID: 36934110 PMCID: PMC10024733 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30592-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tipping points (TPs) in Earth's climate system have been the subject of increasing interest and concern in recent years, given the risk that anthropogenic forcing could cause abrupt, potentially irreversible, climate transitions. Paleoclimate records are essential for identifying past TPs and for gaining a thorough understanding of the underlying nonlinearities and bifurcation mechanisms. However, the quality, resolution, and reliability of these records can vary, making it important to carefully select the ones that provide the most accurate representation of past climates. Moreover, as paleoclimate time series vary in their origin, time spans, and periodicities, an objective, automated methodology is crucial for identifying and comparing TPs. To address these challenges, we introduce the open-source PaleoJump database, which contains a collection of carefully selected, high-resolution records originating in ice cores, marine sediments, speleothems, terrestrial records, and lake sediments. These records describe climate variability on centennial, millennial and longer time scales and cover all the continents and ocean basins. We provide an overview of their spatial distribution and discuss the gaps in coverage. Our statistical methodology includes an augmented Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Recurrence Quantification Analysis; it is applied here, for illustration purposes, to selected records in which abrupt transitions are automatically detected and the presence of potential tipping elements is investigated. These transitions are shown in the PaleoJump database along with other essential information about the records, including location, temporal scale and resolution, as well as temporal plots. This open-source database represents, therefore, a valuable resource for researchers investigating TPs in past climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Witold Bagniewski
- Department of Geosciences and Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (CNRS and IPSL), École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Paris, France.
| | - Denis-Didier Rousseau
- Geosciences Montpellier, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institute of Physics - CSE, Division of Geochronology and Environmental Isotopes, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Michael Ghil
- Department of Geosciences and Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (CNRS and IPSL), École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Paris, France
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
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6
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Southern hemisphere forced millennial scale Indian summer monsoon variability during the late Pleistocene. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10136. [PMID: 35710914 PMCID: PMC9203564 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Peninsular India hosts the initial rain-down of the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) after which winds travel further east inwards into Asia. Stalagmite oxygen isotope composition from this region, such as those from Belum Cave, preserve the vital signals of the past ISM variability. These archives experience a single wet season with a single dominant moisture source annually. Here we present high-resolution δ18O, δ13C and trace element (Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca, Mn/Ca) time series from a Belum Cave stalagmite spanning glacial MIS-6 (from ~ 183 to ~ 175 kyr) and interglacial substages MIS-5c-5a (~ 104 kyr to ~ 82 kyr). With most paleomonsoon reconstructions reporting coherent evolution of northern hemisphere summer insolation and ISM variability on orbital timescale, we focus on understanding the mechanisms behind millennial scale variability. Finding that the two are decoupled over millennial timescales, we address the role of the Southern Hemisphere processes in modulating monsoon strength as a part of the Hadley circulation. We identify several strong and weak episodes of ISM intensity during 104–82 kyr. Some of the weak episodes correspond to warming in the southern hemisphere associated with weak cross-equatorial winds. We show that during the MIS-5 substages, ISM strength gradually declined with millennial scale variability linked to Southern Hemisphere temperature changes which in turn modulate the strength of the Mascarene High.
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7
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Roy I, Tomar N, Ranhotra PS, Sanwal J. Proxy Response Heterogeneity to the Indian Monsoon During Last Millennium in the Himalayan Region. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.778825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed the available climate records for the past 2 millennia based on the analyzed sediment and speleothem archives from different regions of South Asia. Speleothem records from the core-monsoon regions of the Indian sub-continent have revealed the Little Ice Age (LIA) as a climatically dry phase, whereas the same from the western and central Himalaya recorded LIA as wet. Moreover, the sediment-derived vegetation proxy records [pollen-spores and stable organic carbon isotope (δ13Corg)] from the western Himalaya also reported LIA as a dry phase. Heterogeneous results by different proxies during LIA enhanced our interest to understand the response of the proxies toward the primary precipitation sources, Indian summer monsoon (ISM) and winter westerly disturbances (WDs), over the Himalaya. We emphasize that in the Himalayan region, the vegetation predominantly responds to the ISM dynamics, whereas speleothem also captures the WD effect.
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8
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Higher sea surface temperature in the Indian Ocean during the Last Interglacial weakened the South Asian monsoon. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2107720119. [PMID: 35238640 PMCID: PMC8915836 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2107720119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the drivers of South Asian monsoon intensity is pivotal for improving climate forecasting under global warming scenarios. Solar insolation is assumed to be the dominant driver of monsoon variability in warm climate regimes, but this has not been verified by proxy data. We report a South Asian monsoon rainfall record spanning the last ∼130 kyr in the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna river catchment. Our multiproxy data reveal that the South Asian monsoon was weaker during the Last Interglacial (130 to 115 ka)—despite higher insolation—than during the Holocene (11.6 ka to present), thus questioning the widely accepted model assumption. Our work implies that Indian Ocean warming may increase the occurrence of severe monsoon failures in South Asia. Addressing and anticipating future South Asian monsoon changes under continuing global warming is of critical importance for the food security and socioeconomic well-being of one-quarter of the world’s population. However, climate model projections show discrepancies in future monsoon variability in South Asian monsoon domains, largely due to our still limited understanding of the monsoon response to warm climate change scenarios. Particularly, climate models are largely based on the assumption that higher solar insolation causes higher rainfall during similar warm climatic regimes, but this has not been verified by proxy data for different interglacial periods. Here, we compare Indian summer monsoon (ISM) variability during the Last Interglacial and Holocene using a sedimentary leaf wax δD and δ13C record from the northern Bay of Bengal, representing the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna (G-B-M) river catchment. In combination with a seawater salinity record, our results show that ISM intensity broadly follows summer insolation on orbital scales, but ISM intensity during the Last Interglacial was lower than during the Holocene despite higher summer insolation and greenhouse gas concentrations. We argue that sustained warmer sea surface temperature in the equatorial and tropical Indian Ocean during the Last Interglacial increased convective rainfall above the ocean but dampened ISM intensity on land. Our study demonstrates that besides solar insolation, internal climatic feedbacks also play an important role for South Asian monsoon variability during warm climate states. This work can help to improve future climate model projections and highlights the importance of understanding controls of monsoonal rainfall under interglacial boundary conditions.
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9
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Blinkhorn J, Achyuthan H, Durcan J, Roberts P, Ilgner J. Constraining the chronology and ecology of Late Acheulean and Middle Palaeolithic occupations at the margins of the monsoon. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19665. [PMID: 34611193 PMCID: PMC8492674 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98897-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
South Asia hosts the world's youngest Acheulean sites, with dated records typically restricted to sub-humid landscapes. The Thar Desert marks a major adaptive boundary between monsoonal Asia to the east and the Saharo-Arabian desert belt to the west, making it a key threshold to examine patterns of hominin ecological adaptation and its impacts on patterns of behaviour, demography and dispersal. Here, we investigate Palaeolithic occupations at the western margin of the South Asian monsoon at Singi Talav, undertaking new chronometric, sedimentological and palaeoecological studies of Acheulean and Middle Palaeolithic occupation horizons. We constrain occupations of the site between 248 and 65 thousand years ago. This presents the first direct palaeoecological evidence for landscapes occupied by South Asian Acheulean-producing populations, most notably in the main occupation horizon dating to 177 thousand years ago. Our results illustrate the potential role of the Thar Desert as an ecological, and demographic, frontier to Palaeolithic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Blinkhorn
- Pan African Evolution Research Group, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany.
- Department of Geography, Centre for Quaternary Research, Royal Holloway, University of London, London, UK.
| | - Hema Achyuthan
- Institute of Ocean Management, Anna University, Chennai, India
| | - Julie Durcan
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Patrick Roberts
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany
| | - Jana Ilgner
- Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany
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10
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Krapp M, Beyer RM, Edmundson SL, Valdes PJ, Manica A. A statistics-based reconstruction of high-resolution global terrestrial climate for the last 800,000 years. Sci Data 2021; 8:228. [PMID: 34453060 PMCID: PMC8397735 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-01009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Curated global climate data have been generated from climate model outputs for the last 120,000 years, whereas reconstructions going back even further have been lacking due to the high computational cost of climate simulations. Here, we present a statistically-derived global terrestrial climate dataset for every 1,000 years of the last 800,000 years. It is based on a set of linear regressions between 72 existing HadCM3 climate simulations of the last 120,000 years and external forcings consisting of CO2, orbital parameters, and land type. The estimated climatologies were interpolated to 0.5° resolution and bias-corrected using present-day climate. The data compare well with the original HadCM3 simulations and with long-term proxy records. Our dataset includes monthly temperature, precipitation, cloud cover, and 17 bioclimatic variables. In addition, we derived net primary productivity and global biome distributions using the BIOME4 vegetation model. The data are a relevant source for different research areas, such as archaeology or ecology, to study the long-term effect of glacial-interglacial climate cycles for periods beyond the last 120,000 years. Measurement(s) | temperature • precipitation • cloud cover • net primary productivity | Technology Type(s) | computational modeling technique | Factor Type(s) | atmospheric carbon dioxide • orbital parameters • land surface type (ocean, land, land ice) | Sample Characteristic - Environment | climate system | Sample Characteristic - Location | Earth (planet) |
Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.15073479
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Krapp
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom. .,GNS Science, PO Box 31312, Lower Hutt, 5040, New Zealand.
| | - Robert M Beyer
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen L Edmundson
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom.,Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Valdes
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, BS8 1SS, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Manica
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
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11
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Clemens SC, Yamamoto M, Thirumalai K, Giosan L, Richey JN, Nilsson-Kerr K, Rosenthal Y, Anand P, McGrath SM. Remote and local drivers of Pleistocene South Asian summer monsoon precipitation: A test for future predictions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/23/eabg3848. [PMID: 34088672 PMCID: PMC8177704 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg3848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
South Asian precipitation amount and extreme variability are predicted to increase due to thermodynamic effects of increased 21st-century greenhouse gases, accompanied by an increased supply of moisture from the southern hemisphere Indian Ocean. We reconstructed South Asian summer monsoon precipitation and runoff into the Bay of Bengal to assess the extent to which these factors also operated in the Pleistocene, a time of large-scale natural changes in carbon dioxide and ice volume. South Asian precipitation and runoff are strongly coherent with, and lag, atmospheric carbon dioxide changes at Earth's orbital eccentricity, obliquity, and precession bands and are closely tied to cross-equatorial wind strength at the precession band. We find that the projected monsoon response to ongoing, rapid high-latitude ice melt and rising carbon dioxide levels is fully consistent with dynamics of the past 0.9 million years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Clemens
- Earth, Planetary, and Environmental Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Masanobu Yamamoto
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Liviu Giosan
- Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | | | - Katrina Nilsson-Kerr
- School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Yair Rosenthal
- Institute for Marine and Coastal Sciences and Department of Geology, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Pallavi Anand
- School of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Sarah M McGrath
- Earth, Planetary, and Environmental Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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12
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He C, Liu Z, Otto-Bliesner BL, Brady EC, Zhu C, Tomas R, Clark PU, Zhu J, Jahn A, Gu S, Zhang J, Nusbaumer J, Noone D, Cheng H, Wang Y, Yan M, Bao Y. Hydroclimate footprint of pan-Asian monsoon water isotope during the last deglaciation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabe2611. [PMID: 33523950 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe2611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen isotope speleothem records exhibit coherent variability over the pan-Asian summer monsoon (AM) region. The hydroclimatic representation of these oxygen isotope records for the AM, however, has remained poorly understood. Here, combining an isotope-enabled Earth system model in transient experiments with proxy records, we show that the widespread AM δ18Oc signal during the last deglaciation (20 to 11 thousand years ago) is accompanied by a continental-scale, coherent hydroclimate footprint, with spatially opposite signs in rainfall. This footprint is generated as a dynamically coherent response of the AM system primarily to meltwater forcing and secondarily to insolation forcing and is further reinforced by atmospheric teleconnection. Hence, widespread δ18Op depletion in the AM region is accompanied by a northward migration of the westerly jet and enhanced southwesterly monsoon wind, as well as increased rainfall from South Asia (India) to northern China but decreased rainfall in southeast China.
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Affiliation(s)
- C He
- College of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Open Studio for Ocean-Climate-Isotope Modeling, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Z Liu
- College of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - B L Otto-Bliesner
- Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - E C Brady
- Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - C Zhu
- Open Studio for Ocean-Climate-Isotope Modeling, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - R Tomas
- Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - P U Clark
- College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
| | - J Zhu
- Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - A Jahn
- Department for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S Gu
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Cooperative Institute for Climate, Ocean, and Ecosystem Studies, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - J Nusbaumer
- College of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - D Noone
- College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - H Cheng
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Y Wang
- College of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - M Yan
- College of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Open Studio for Ocean-Climate-Isotope Modeling, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Y Bao
- Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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13
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Corrick EC, Drysdale RN, Hellstrom JC, Capron E, Rasmussen SO, Zhang X, Fleitmann D, Couchoud I, Wolff E. Synchronous timing of abrupt climate changes during the last glacial period. Science 2020; 369:963-969. [PMID: 32820122 DOI: 10.1126/science.aay5538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Abrupt climate changes during the last glacial period have been detected in a global array of palaeoclimate records, but our understanding of their absolute timing and regional synchrony is incomplete. Our compilation of 63 published, independently dated speleothem records shows that abrupt warmings in Greenland were associated with synchronous climate changes across the Asian Monsoon, South American Monsoon, and European-Mediterranean regions that occurred within decades. Together with the demonstration of bipolar synchrony in atmospheric response, this provides independent evidence of synchronous high-latitude-to-tropical coupling of climate changes during these abrupt warmings. Our results provide a globally coherent framework with which to validate model simulations of abrupt climate change and to constrain ice-core chronologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen C Corrick
- School of Geography, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,EDYTEM, CNRS, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Université Grenoble Alpes, Chambéry, France
| | - Russell N Drysdale
- School of Geography, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,EDYTEM, CNRS, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Université Grenoble Alpes, Chambéry, France
| | - John C Hellstrom
- School of Earth Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emilie Capron
- British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK.,Physics of Ice, Climate and Earth, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sune Olander Rasmussen
- Physics of Ice, Climate and Earth, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Center for Pan Third Pole Environment (Pan-TPE), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.,CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dominik Fleitmann
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Couchoud
- EDYTEM, CNRS, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Université Grenoble Alpes, Chambéry, France.,School of Geography, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric Wolff
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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14
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Response to Comments by Daniel Gebregiorgis et al. “A Brief Commentary on the Interpretation of Chinese Speleothem δ18O Records as Summer Monsoon Intensity Tracers”. Quaternary 2020, 3, 7. QUATERNARY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/quat3010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We would like to thank Gebregiorgis et al [...]
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15
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Liu G, Li X, Chiang HW, Cheng H, Yuan S, Chawchai S, He S, Lu Y, Aung LT, Maung PM, Tun WN, Oo KM, Wang X. On the glacial-interglacial variability of the Asian monsoon in speleothem δ 18O records. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay8189. [PMID: 32095532 PMCID: PMC7015693 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay8189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
While Asian monsoon (AM) changes have been clearly captured in Chinese speleothem oxygen isotope (δ18O) records, the lack of glacial-interglacial variability in the records remains puzzling. Here, we report speleothem δ18O records from three locations along the trajectory of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM), a major branch of the AM, and characterize AM rainfall over the past 180,000 years. We have found that the records close to the monsoon moisture source show large glacial-interglacial variability, which then decreases landward. These changes likely reflect a stronger oxygen isotope fractionation associated with progressive rainout of AM moisture during glacial periods, possibly due to a larger temperature gradient and suppressed plant transpiration. We term this effect, which counteracts the forcing of glacial boundary conditions, the moisture transport pathway effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Liu
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - X. Li
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - H.-W. Chiang
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - H. Cheng
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - S. Yuan
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - S. Chawchai
- Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - S. He
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - Y. Lu
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - L. T. Aung
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
- Myanmar Earthquake Committee, Yangon 11052, Myanmar
| | - P. M. Maung
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
- Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, Nay Pyi Taw 15011, Myanmar
| | - W. N. Tun
- Myanmar Earthquake Committee, Yangon 11052, Myanmar
| | - K. M. Oo
- Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, Nay Pyi Taw 15011, Myanmar
| | - X. Wang
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
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16
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Abstract
Glacial-interglacial cycles have constituted a primary mode of climate variability over the last 2.6 million years of Earth's history. While glacial periods cannot be seen simply as a reverse analogue of future warming, they offer an opportunity to test our understanding of the response of precipitation patterns to a much wider range of conditions than we have been able to directly observe. This review explores key features of precipitation patterns associated with glacial climates, which include drying in large regions of the tropics and wetter conditions in substantial parts of the subtropics and midlatitudes. I describe the evidence for these changes and examine the potential causes of hydrological changes during glacial periods. Central themes that emerge include the importance of atmospheric circulation changes in determining glacial-interglacial precipitation changes at the regional scale, the need to take into account climatic factors beyond local precipitation amount when interpreting proxy data, and the role of glacial conditions in suppressing the strength of Northern Hemisphere monsoon systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- David McGee
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;
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17
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Modulation of Indian monsoon by water vapor and cloud feedback over the past 22,000 years. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5701. [PMID: 31836715 PMCID: PMC6911089 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
To predict how monsoons will evolve in the 21st century, we need to understand how they have changed in the past. In paleoclimate literature, the major focus has been on the role of solar forcing on monsoons but not on the amplification by feedbacks internal to the climate system. Here we have used the results from a transient climate simulation to show that feedbacks amplify the effect of change in insolation on the Indian summer monsoon. We show that during the deglacial (22 ka to 10 ka) monsoons were predominantly influenced by rising water vapor due to increasing sea surface temperature, whereas in the Holocene (10 ka to 0 ka) cloud feedback was more important. These results are consistent with another transient simulation, thus increasing confidence despite potential model biases. We have demonstrated that insolation drives monsoon through different pathways during cold and warm periods, thereby highlighting the changing role of internal factors.
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18
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The Asian Summer Monsoon: Teleconnections and Forcing Mechanisms—A Review from Chinese Speleothem δ18O Records. QUATERNARY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/quat2030026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Asian summer monsoon (ASM) variability significantly affects hydro-climate, and thus socio-economics, in the East Asian region, where nearly one-third of the global population resides. Over the last two decades, speleothem δ18O records from China have been utilized to reconstruct ASM variability and its underlying forcing mechanisms on orbital to seasonal timescales. Here, we use the Speleothem Isotopes Synthesis and Analysis database (SISAL_v1) to present an overview of hydro-climate variability related to the ASM during three periods: the late Pleistocene, the Holocene, and the last two millennia. We highlight the possible global teleconnections and forcing mechanisms of the ASM on different timescales. The longest composite stalagmite δ18O record over the past 640 kyr BP from the region demonstrates that ASM variability on orbital timescales is dominated by the 23 kyr precessional cycles, which are in phase with Northern Hemisphere summer insolation (NHSI). During the last glacial, millennial changes in the intensity of the ASM appear to be controlled by North Atlantic climate and oceanic feedbacks. During the Holocene, changes in ASM intensity were primarily controlled by NHSI. However, the spatio-temporal distribution of monsoon rain belts may vary with changes in ASM intensity on decadal to millennial timescales.
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19
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Zhang H, Griffiths ML, Chiang JCH, Kong W, Wu S, Atwood A, Huang J, Cheng H, Ning Y, Xie S. East Asian hydroclimate modulated by the position of the westerlies during Termination I. Science 2018; 362:580-583. [PMID: 30385577 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat9393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Speleothem oxygen isotope records have revolutionized our understanding of the paleo East Asian monsoon, yet there is fundamental disagreement on what they represent in terms of the hydroclimate changes. We report a multiproxy speleothem record of monsoon evolution during the last deglaciation from the middle Yangtze region, which indicates a wetter central eastern China during North Atlantic cooling episodes, despite the oxygen isotopic record suggesting a weaker monsoon. We show that this apparent contradiction can be resolved if the changes are interpreted as a lengthening of the Meiyu rains and shortened post-Meiyu stage, in accordance with a recent hypothesis. Model simulations support this interpretation and further reveal the role of the westerlies in communicating the North Atlantic influence to the East Asian climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.,State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Michael L Griffiths
- Department of Environmental Science, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ 07470, USA.
| | - John C H Chiang
- Department of Geography and Berkeley Atmospheric Sciences Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Wenwen Kong
- Department of Geography and Berkeley Atmospheric Sciences Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Shitou Wu
- Department of Geochemistry, Faculty of Geoscience and Geography, Georg-August University Goettingen, Goettingen 37077, Germany.,Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Alyssa Atwood
- Department of Geography and Berkeley Atmospheric Sciences Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Junhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hai Cheng
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.,Department of Earth Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Youfeng Ning
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Shucheng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China. .,Department of Geography, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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20
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Blinkhorn J, Petraglia MD. Environments and Cultural Change in the Indian Subcontinent. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1086/693462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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21
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Kathayat G, Cheng H, Sinha A, Yi L, Li X, Zhang H, Li H, Ning Y, Edwards RL. The Indian monsoon variability and civilization changes in the Indian subcontinent. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1701296. [PMID: 29255799 PMCID: PMC5733109 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1701296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The vast Indo-Gangetic Plain in South Asia has been home to some of the world's oldest civilizations, whose fortunes ebbed and flowed with time-plausibly driven in part by shifts in the spatiotemporal patterns of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall. We use speleothem oxygen isotope records from North India to reconstruct the monsoon's variability on socially relevant time scales, allowing us to examine the history of civilization changes in the context of varying hydroclimatic conditions over the past 5700 years. Our data suggest that significant shifts in monsoon rainfall have occurred in concert with changes in the Northern Hemisphere temperatures and the discharges of the Himalayan rivers. The close temporal relationship between these large-scale hydroclimatic changes and the intervals marking the significant sociopolitical developments of the Indus Valley and Vedic civilizations suggests a plausible role of climate change in shaping the important chapters of the history of human civilization in the Indian subcontinent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Kathayat
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hai Cheng
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Ashish Sinha
- Department of Earth Science, California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA 90747, USA
| | - Liang Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianglei Li
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Haiwei Zhang
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hangying Li
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Youfeng Ning
- Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - R. Lawrence Edwards
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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22
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8000-year monsoonal record from Himalaya revealing reinforcement of tropical and global climate systems since mid-Holocene. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14515. [PMID: 29109454 PMCID: PMC5674060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We provide the first continuous Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) climate record for the higher Himalayas (Kedarnath, India) by analyzing a 14C-dated peat sequence covering the last ~8000 years, with ~50 years temporal resolution. The ISM variability inferred using various proxies reveal striking similarity with the Greenland ice core (GISP2) temperature record and rapid denitrification changes recorded in the sediments off Peru. The Kedarnath record provides compelling evidence for a reorganization of the global climate system taking place at ~5.5 ka BP possibly after sea level stabilization and the advent of inter-annual climate variability governed by the modern ENSO phenomenon. The ISM record also captures warm-wet and cold-dry conditions during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, respectively.
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23
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Climate variations of Central Asia on orbital to millennial timescales. Sci Rep 2016; 5:36975. [PMID: 27833133 PMCID: PMC5105073 DOI: 10.1038/srep36975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The extent to which climate variability in Central Asia is causally linked to large-scale changes in the Asian monsoon on varying timescales remains a longstanding question. Here we present precisely dated high-resolution speleothem oxygen-carbon isotope and trace element records of Central Asia's hydroclimate variability from Tonnel'naya cave, Uzbekistan, and Kesang cave, western China. On orbital timescales, the supra-regional climate variance, inferred from our oxygen isotope records, exhibits a precessional rhythm, punctuated by millennial-scale abrupt climate events, suggesting a close coupling with the Asian monsoon. However, the local hydroclimatic variability at both cave sites, inferred from carbon isotope and trace element records, shows climate variations that are distinctly different from their supra-regional modes. Particularly, hydroclimatic changes in both Tonnel'naya and Kesang areas during the Holocene lag behind the supra-regional climate variability by several thousand years. These observations may reconcile the apparent out-of-phase hydroclimatic variability, inferred from the Holocene lake proxy records, between Westerly Central Asia and Monsoon Asia.
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24
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Eroglu D, McRobie FH, Ozken I, Stemler T, Wyrwoll KH, Breitenbach SFM, Marwan N, Kurths J. See-saw relationship of the Holocene East Asian-Australian summer monsoon. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12929. [PMID: 27666662 PMCID: PMC5052686 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The East Asian-Indonesian-Australian summer monsoon (EAIASM) links the Earth's hemispheres and provides a heat source that drives global circulation. At seasonal and inter-seasonal timescales, the summer monsoon of one hemisphere is linked via outflows from the winter monsoon of the opposing hemisphere. Long-term phase relationships between the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and the Indonesian-Australian summer monsoon (IASM) are poorly understood, raising questions of long-term adjustments to future greenhouse-triggered climate change and whether these changes could 'lock in' possible IASM and EASM phase relationships in a region dependent on monsoonal rainfall. Here we show that a newly developed nonlinear time series analysis technique allows confident identification of strong versus weak monsoon phases at millennial to sub-centennial timescales. We find a see-saw relationship over the last 9,000 years-with strong and weak monsoons opposingly phased and triggered by solar variations. Our results provide insights into centennial- to millennial-scale relationships within the wider EAIASM regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Eroglu
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), 14473 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Physics, Humboldt University, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Fiona H McRobie
- School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Ibrahim Ozken
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), 14473 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Physics, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Thomas Stemler
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Karl-Heinz Wyrwoll
- School of Earth and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Sebastian F M Breitenbach
- Sediment- and Isotope Geology, Institute for Geology, Mineralogy &Geophysics, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Norbert Marwan
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kurths
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), 14473 Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Physics, Humboldt University, 12489 Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK
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