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Hancock PA. Quintessential Solutions to Existential Problems: How Human Factors and Ergonomics Can and Should Address the Imminent Challenges of Our Times. Hum Factors 2024; 66:1657-1668. [PMID: 36974834 DOI: 10.1177/00187208231162448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine and evaluate ways in which an understanding of the quintessential element of Human Factors/Ergonomics can address the spectrum of existential threats that confront contemporary civilization. BACKGROUND HF/E is dedicated to improving quality of life. Paradoxically, many processes which sustain contemporary civilization act to reduce that overall quality. Some technological developments themselves now even present existential threats to the fragile skein of civilization itself. Many disciplines address these diverse threats, and each may be advised and facilitated by HF/E knowledge and methods. It is a moral imperative of our science to contribute what we can to proposed resolutions. METHOD A primary conduit, by the established strengths of HF/E can contribute to potential solutions is identified. The present work advocates for specific, practical interventions using a direct-perception mediated, panopticon principle, that derives from the corpus of our science. RESULT Limitations upon a general, social understanding of imminent global concerns, which are largely ignorable when not actually present, are brought to immediate consciousness via an HF/E principle emphasizing the direct-perception of threat. It is argued that this, and allied HF/E insights can generate practical steps toward problem resolution at both macroscopic and localized levels of implementation. APPLICATIONS The primary, practical application of the proposed panopticon principle is to use our science to save global civilization. It is postulated that this represents useful employment of the knowledge we have adduced and accumulated across our discipline's existence.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Hancock
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Simulation and Training, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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2
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Chen X, Di Q, Liang C. Heading towards carbon neutrality: how do marine carbon sinks serve as important handle for promoting marine ecological civilization construction? Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:11453-11471. [PMID: 38190070 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31200-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
As an efficient long-term carbon sink, marine carbon sinks and the associated carbon sink effects, technology, accounting and trading market construction warrant investigation across various disciplines. However, information on the interrelationships and their development over time with respect to the research conducted in China is limited, affecting the ability to drive research directions and optimize continued advancement in this field. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to understand the current situation of marine carbon sink research in China to promote a deeper level of scientific development based on the research literature related to marine blue carbon sinks in the core databases of the China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) and Web of Science (WOS). We used bibliometric tools in the Citespace software to quantitatively compare and analyse the main characteristics of marine blue carbon sink research including publication volume, time, journals, authors and institutions. We also explored the popular research topics, frontier areas, and theme evolution trends through keyword clustering and emergent and co-occurring knowledge maps. The key recommended research directions for ocean carbon sinks are: (1) to promote the unified carbon sink market research of land and sea integration through multidisciplinary and cross-disciplinary research; (2) to achieve new breakthroughs in ocean carbon sinks with the support of coastal wetlands and seawater offshore aquaculture environments; (3) to explore the protection provided by ocean carbon sinks with a comprehensive eco-compensation mechanism; (4) to improve the application of marine carbon sinks by taking the theory and technological innovation research related to marine carbon sinks as the guide. Ultimately, our work helps characterise the current situation of marine carbon sink research, promote the research in this field to a deeper level of development and provide reference for subsequent scholars to carry out related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Chen
- School of Geographical Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, China
| | - Qianbin Di
- School of Geographical Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, China.
- Center for Studies of Marine Economy and Sustainable Development, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, China.
- Institute of Marine Sustainable Development, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, China.
| | - Chenlu Liang
- School of Geographical Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029, China
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3
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Zonneveld KAF, Harper K, Klügel A, Chen L, De Lange G, Versteegh GJM. Climate change, society, and pandemic disease in Roman Italy between 200 BCE and 600 CE. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadk1033. [PMID: 38277456 PMCID: PMC10816712 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Records of past societies confronted with natural climate change can illuminate social responses to environmental stress and environment-disease connections, especially when locally constrained high-temporal resolution paleoclimate reconstructions are available. We present a temperature and precipitation reconstruction for ~200 BCE to ~600 CE, from a southern Italian marine sedimentary archive-the first high-resolution (~3 years) climate record from the heartland of the Roman Empire, stretching from the so-called Roman Climate Optimum to the Late Antique Little Ice Age. We document phases of instability and cooling from ~100 CE onward but more notably after ~130 CE. Pronounced cold phases between ~160 to 180 CE, ~245 to 275 CE, and after ~530 CE associate with pandemic disease, suggesting that climate stress interacted with social and biological variables. The importance of environment-disease dynamics in past civilizations underscores the need to incorporate health in risk assessments of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin A. F. Zonneveld
- MARUM, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 8, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Geosciences Department, University of Bremen, Klagenfurter Str., 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Kyle Harper
- Department of Classics and Letters, University of Oklahoma, 650 Parrington Oval, CARN 110, Norman, OK 73019-4042, USA
- Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Rd, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
| | - Andreas Klügel
- Geosciences Department, University of Bremen, Klagenfurter Str., 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Liang Chen
- Geosciences Department, University of Bremen, Klagenfurter Str., 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Gert De Lange
- Faculty of Geosciences, department of Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, University of Utrecht, Princetonplein 9, 3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Gerard J. M. Versteegh
- MARUM, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 8, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Constructor University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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Petrie CA, Lightfoot E, Jones PJ, Walker JR, Valentine BT, Krigbaum J, le Roux P, Joglekar PP, Shinde V, Singh RN, O'Connell TC. Animal movement on the hoof and on the cart and its implications for understanding exchange within the Indus Civilisation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:158. [PMID: 38168495 PMCID: PMC10762248 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Movement of resources was essential to the survival and success of early complex societies. The sources and destinations of goods and the means of transportation - be it by boats, carts and/or foot - can often be inferred, but the logistics of these movements are inherently more difficult to ascertain. Here, we use strontium isotopic analysis to test hypotheses about the role of animal and animal-powered transport in medium and long-distance movement and exchange, using the Indus Civilization as a case study. Across the wide geographical spread of the Indus Civilisation, there is strong evidence for long-distance exchange of raw materials and finished objects and this process is presumed to involve boats and animal-driven transport, although there is little evidence as to the relative importance of each mode of movement. Strontium isotopic analysis of animal remains from four sites analysed for this study combined with results from nine other sites indicates limited long-distance animal movement between different geological zones within the Indus Civilisation. These findings suggest that individual animals primarily moved short- or medium-distances, though there are several significant exceptions seen in some pigs and cattle found at two large urban sites. We infer that long-distance transport of goods, be it raw materials, finished objects, other goods, or the animals themselves, could have occurred through the use of boats and waterways, by traction animals moving over long distances that did not end up in the archaeological record, and/or by different animals participating in many short to medium-distance movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Petrie
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - E Lightfoot
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P J Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - J R Walker
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - B T Valentine
- Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - J Krigbaum
- Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - P le Roux
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - P P Joglekar
- Department of Archaeology, Deccan College, Pune, India
| | - V Shinde
- Department of Archaeology, Deccan College, Pune, India
| | - R N Singh
- Department of AIHC and Archaeology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - T C O'Connell
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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5
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Bartel I, Mandryk I, Horbańczuk JO, Wierzbicka A, Koszarska M. Nutraceutical Properties of Syringic Acid in Civilization Diseases-Review. Nutrients 2023; 16:10. [PMID: 38201840 PMCID: PMC10780450 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Civilization diseases account for a worldwide health issue. They result from daily behavioral, environmental, and genetic factors. One of the most significant opportunities to prevent and alleviate the occurrence of these diseases is a diet rich in antioxidants like polyphenols. This review paper is concentrated on syringic acid (SA), one of the representative compounds of phenolic acids subgroups. There are many in vitro and in vivo studies on SA that assess its pivotal effects on oxidative stress and inflammation parameters. It is effective on metabolic risk factors as well, including hyperglycemia, high blood pressure, and hyperlipidemia. SA is one of the prominent polyphenolic compounds that may help address health issues related to civilization diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iga Bartel
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland; (I.B.); (J.O.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Izabela Mandryk
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences in Nowy Sacz, 33-300 Nowy Sacz, Poland;
| | - Jarosław O. Horbańczuk
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland; (I.B.); (J.O.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Agnieszka Wierzbicka
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland; (I.B.); (J.O.H.); (A.W.)
| | - Magdalena Koszarska
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland; (I.B.); (J.O.H.); (A.W.)
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6
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Xiao R, Hao H, Zhang H, Liu Y, Liu M. The development of ecological civilization in China based on the economic-social-natural complex system. Ambio 2023; 52:1910-1927. [PMID: 37889463 PMCID: PMC10654307 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-023-01937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
China is making great efforts to build an ecological civilization. To reveal the effectiveness and spatial characteristics of the ecological civilization development in China, we constructed an Ecological Civilization Evaluation Index (ECI) based on the economic-social-natural complex system. We evaluated the development level of the ecological civilization in China from 2004 to 2020 and discussed the coupling and coordination relationship between subsystems. We found that the ecological civilization of China has achieved remarkable results. The relationship among the three subsystems has been improved to some extent, but the high-quality development of the economic system still requires effort. The development level of the ecological civilization in China presents spatial heterogeneity. From east to west, 30 provinces can be classified into four different types of development. On the whole, the development of China's ecological civilization has provided experiences for the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiao
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Dayangfang, Anwai Beiyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Haiguang Hao
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Dayangfang, Anwai Beiyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Huiyuan Zhang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Dayangfang, Anwai Beiyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Yujie Liu
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Dayangfang, Anwai Beiyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Mengxiao Liu
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Dayangfang, Anwai Beiyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, China
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7
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Xue B, Han B, Li H, Gou X, Yang H, Thomas H, Stückrad S. Understanding ecological civilization in China: From political context to science. Ambio 2023; 52:1895-1909. [PMID: 37442892 PMCID: PMC10654276 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-023-01897-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
China's concept of "ecological civilization" can be understood as a new system of development and governance based on the perspective of political decision-making. Environmental management, ecological restoration, and green development are its primary principles-distinctly different from industrial and agricultural-oriented civilizations. In this paper, we evaluate the evolution of political connotations of the ecological civilization concept in China over the past 15 years through a textual analysis approach. Additionally, we systematically outline an ecological civilization indicator system and analyze its evolutionary process, applicable scales, and role in guiding the implementation of the ecological civilization concept. Eco-civilization demonstration sites and experiences are also discussed, followed by a review of academic research and policy-making responses. Finally, we propose different perspectives on the outlook for the future of ecological civilization development in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xue
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.72, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China.
- Chair of Circular Economy and Recycling Technologies, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße Des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Bin Han
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.72, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongqing Li
- Chair of Circular Economy and Recycling Technologies, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße Des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaohua Gou
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, Reading University, Russell Building, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AB, UK
| | - Heiko Thomas
- Global Climate Forum e.V., Neue Promenade 6, 10178, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Stückrad
- Research Institute for Sustainability (RIFS), Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, RIFS Potsdam, Berliner Strasse 130, 14467, Potsdam, Germany
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8
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Zhang J, Fu B. Eco- civilization: A complementary pathway rooted in theory and practice for global sustainable development. Ambio 2023; 52:1882-1894. [PMID: 37418131 PMCID: PMC10654268 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-023-01902-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Eco-civilization, as a civilizational discourse led by China, implies the next stage of civilization after industrial civilization, the essence of which is to respect, conform to, and protect nature. Although the international community is paying more attention to eco-civilization, the existing literature still lacks a systematic discussion of which theories and practices underpin the construction of eco-civilization. Due to the ambiguity of eco-civilization, some even criticize it as being a form of purely partisan politics in China. By systematically reviewing its theoretical pillars, practical actions, and major achievements, this perspective paper argues that China's eco-civilization is not a partisan politics, but rather a legitimate, imperative pathway to global sustainable development rooted in complementary theory and practice, i.e., theories guide practices, and practices enrich theories. We highlight that the theoretical basis and practical actions of eco-civilization constitute a continual improvement process that permits diverse viewpoints and understanding, and any action exploring how to achieve a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature is consistent with the values of eco-civilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Bojie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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9
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Hughes AC, Wang S. Realizing ecological civilization. Ambio 2023; 52:1879-1881. [PMID: 37934357 PMCID: PMC10654275 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-023-01952-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alice C Hughes
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
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10
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Zhao W, Zhou A, Yin C. Unraveling the research trend of ecological civilization and sustainable development: A bibliometric analysis. Ambio 2023; 52:1928-1938. [PMID: 37907802 PMCID: PMC10654311 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-023-01947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Ecological civilization has emerged as an innovative form of civilization in China, and sustainable development has been widely recognized as a globally leading development model. These two concepts are closely related. The international English literature focuses on hot topics in the field of sustainable development such as climate change, urbanization, government management, and ecosystems, while the Chinese literature emphasizes ecological civilization concepts with Chinese characteristics, such as green development, beautiful China, and scientific development concepts. Ecological civilization and sustainable development are both responses to resource, environmental, and ecological crises and have emerged from the same historical background. The two concepts complement each other, with ecological civilization providing an ideological foundation for sustainable development, and sustainable development serving as the implementation path and concrete manifestation of ecological civilization. To deepen research on ecological civilization and sustainable development, it is necessary to build a global community with a shared future, address the major strategic needs of different countries or regions, innovate and develop interdisciplinary theories, methods, and technologies, strengthen international cooperation, provide disciplinary support for ecological civilization and sustainable development research, and provide country-specific research solutions for global and regional sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
- Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekou Wai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Ao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekou Wai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Caichun Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekou Wai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China
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Carrillo-Ruiz JD, Muratti-Molina EB, Cojuc-Konigsberg G, Carrillo-Márquez JR. Trephinations, Trephines, and Craniectomies: Contrast Between Global Ancient Civilizations and Pre-Hispanic Mexican Cultures. World Neurosurg 2023; 179:49-59. [PMID: 36966913 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.03.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mesoamerica is culturally rich in diverse aspects, such as nature, sociology, and archeology. Several neurosurgical techniques were described during the Pre-Hispanic era. In Mexico, various cultures, such as the Aztec, Mixtec, Zapotec, Mayan, Tlatilcan, and Tarahumara, developed surgical procedures using different tools to perform cranial and probably brain interventions. Trepanations, trephines, and craniectomies are different concepts utilized to describe skull operations, which were conducted to treat traumatic, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric diseases, and as a prominent form of ritual practice. More than 40 skulls have been rescued and studied in this region. In addition to written medical sources, archeological vestiges allow a more profound comprehension of Pre-Columbian brain surgery. The purpose of this study is to present the existing evidence of cranial surgery in Pre-Hispanic Mexican civilizations and their worldwide counterparts, procedures that have contributed to the global neurosurgical armamentarium, and have significantly impacted the medical practice's evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Damian Carrillo-Ruiz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Anahuac University, Mexico City, Mexico, Naucalpan de Juárez, Estado de México, Mexico; Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico, Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico; Research Direction, Hospital General de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico, Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico; Neurosciences Coordination, Faculty of Psychology, Anahuac University, Mexico City, Mexico, Naucalpan de Juárez, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Eugenia Beatriz Muratti-Molina
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Anahuac University, Mexico City, Mexico, Naucalpan de Juárez, Estado de México, Mexico; Alpha Health Sciences Leadership Program, Anahuac University, Mexico City, Mexico, Naucalpan de Juárez, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Cojuc-Konigsberg
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Anahuac University, Mexico City, Mexico, Naucalpan de Juárez, Estado de México, Mexico; Alpha Health Sciences Leadership Program, Anahuac University, Mexico City, Mexico, Naucalpan de Juárez, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - José Rodrigo Carrillo-Márquez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Anahuac University, Mexico City, Mexico, Naucalpan de Juárez, Estado de México, Mexico; Alpha Health Sciences Leadership Program, Anahuac University, Mexico City, Mexico, Naucalpan de Juárez, Estado de México, Mexico
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Bryukhovetskiy AS, Grivtsova LY, Bogachev SS, Ustyugov AA, Nebogatikov VO, Shurdov MA. Technology of genomic balancing of chromatin of autologous hematopoietic stem cells for gene therapy of fatal immune-mediated diseases of civilization, extended life expectancy and sudden human death prevention. Int Rev Neurobiol 2023; 172:237-284. [PMID: 37833013 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
A biotechnology for personalized ex vivo gene therapy based on molecular genomic balancing of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) chromatin with nucleosome monomers of human genomic DNA (hDNAnmr) has been developed and implemented in the clinic to change (to "correct") mutant chromosome loci genomes of dominant HSC clones that form mono- and oligoclonal hematopoiesis during aging and major (oncological, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and autoimmune) fatal immune-mediated diseases of civilization. A fundamentally new biotechnological approach has been applied to the delivery of genetic material into eukaryotic stem and progenitor cells by establishing an artificial "recombinogenic situation" in them to induce homologous recombination (equivalent replacement) of mutant DNA regions with healthy hDNAnmr. In experimental preclinical trials, the effectiveness of genomic balancing technology has been proven to reduce the risk of sudden death in old animals and to increase the lifespan of outbred mice by 30% and Wistar rats by 57%. The improvement in their quality of life, compared with the control, is explained by an increase in the telomeric regions of the HSCs and HPCs chromosomes by 1.5-2 times. The potential of the technology to slow down the hereditary neurodegenerative diseases on the model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is shown. The effectiveness of this technology in clinical practice is presented on the example of a terminal patient with stage 4 neuroendocrine cancer. This technology used in the treatment of a number of oncological, neurodegenerative, autoimmune and hereditary diseases with clonal hematopoiesis is able to arrest the progression of the disease, prevent its recurrence, prolong the active life of a person, increase the average life expectancy and prevent sudden death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L Yu Grivtsova
- FGBU MRRC named after A.F. Tsyb - Branch of the FGBU National Medical Research Center for Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Obninsk, Russia
| | - S S Bogachev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A A Ustyugov
- Research Institute of Biologically Active Substances of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - V O Nebogatikov
- Research Institute of Biologically Active Substances of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - M A Shurdov
- JSC NeuroVita Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia
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Wei LY, Liu Z. Transportation infrastructure and eco-environmental quality: Evidence from China's high-speed rail. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290840. [PMID: 37643195 PMCID: PMC10465004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecological civilization construction is China's national development strategy, and improving the urban eco-environmental quality is the key to accelerating this strategy, while the high-speed rail (HSR) opening is an important factor affecting the urban eco-environmental quality. Using panel data of 290 cities in China from 2004 to 2020, this study explores the impact of HSR opening on urban eco-environmental quality and its heterogeneity from the perspective of direct impact and interaction between HSR connected cities. Compared with cities without HSR service, the eco-environmental quality of cities with HSR service has significantly increased by 0.023 standard deviations, which is about 4.11% of the total change in urban eco-environmental quality in the same period. Second, there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between eco-environmental quality and urban space expansion. Third, the impact of HSR on eco-environmental quality is heterogeneous, mainly manifested in different cities and urban agglomerations. It means that the government should focus on the differences in the economic foundation and development characteristics of various regions, steadily push forward the construction and operation of the HSR, and speed up the renovation of existing lines to help the green development of cities. The research results provide a policy basis for the government to handle the relationship between infrastructure construction and eco-environmental quality, and effectively promote green sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-ye Wei
- School of Business Administration, Chaohu University, Heifei, China
- Business School, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Business School, Hunan University, Changsha, China
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14
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Ye Y, Yang Y, Song X. Corporate environmental investment and sustainable development: based on the perspective of Marxist ecological civilization. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:89022-89035. [PMID: 37450181 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28508-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper uses the sample of all A-share listed companies in China's securities market except insurance and financial enterprises from 2009 to 2021 to construct a long panel data, and explores whether the environmental investment of enterprises will promote their long-term sustainable development in China's unique and superior institutional and cultural environment from the perspective of Marxist ecological civilization. On the basis of controlling measurement errors, omitted variables, and endogenous problems of mutual causality to ensure the robustness of the research results, and further distinguishing the heterogeneous effects of environmental investment and sustainable development of enterprises in different degrees of market-oriented environment, the empirical study shows that (1) there is a significant positive relationship between environmental investment and sustainable development of enterprises. That is to say, environmental investment can help enterprises obtain social capital, alleviate resource constraints, enhance their market performance, and thus help their sustainable development in the future; (2) environmental protection investment has a significant positive impact on the sustainable development of enterprises in the mature market environment, while in the relatively backward market environment, environmental protection investment has no significant role in promoting the sustainable development of enterprises. This paper enriches the literature on corporate environmental investment, makes a preliminary test of the implementation effect of sustainable development in China, and provides more detailed empirical evidence for the government to further guide the implementation and implementation of corporate environmental responsibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ye
- School of Marxism, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Management, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
- Shangqiu Medical College, Shangqiu, Shandong, 476299, China.
| | - Xiaowei Song
- School of Management, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
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15
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Liu D, Liu T, Zheng Y, Zhang Q. The construction efficiency study of China National Ecological Civilization Pilot Zone with network SBM model: a city-based analysis. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:47685-47698. [PMID: 36740621 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25578-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Chinese government proposed the establishment of China National Ecological Civilization Pilot Zone in 2016 to further explore the coordinated development of economy and environment. Fujian, Jiangxi, and Guizhou provinces were selected as the first batch of pilot zones. After years of exploration, it is necessary to discuss and summarize the construction progress of the three pilot zones from the perspective of the city. In this study, first, the ecological civilization pilot zone construction system was decomposed into an economic construction subsystem (ECS) and an environmental optimization subsystem (EOS). Then, a two-stage network SBM model was adopted to calculate the efficiencies of the subsystems, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to measure the efficiency difference. Finally, a panel data regression model was applied to explore the influencing factors of both subsystems. The results show that the ECS efficiency is higher than that of the EOS, and the ECS efficiency in Fujian is significantly better than that in Jiangxi and Guizhou. However, there is no significant difference in EOS efficiency in the three provinces. Furthermore, industrial structure and population agglomeration have a significant effect on ECS efficiency, environmental regulation has a significant impact on EOS, and the technology level has a significant impact on both subsystems. Based on the results, policy implications for improving the efficiency of the two subsystems were given respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- School of Economics and Management, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Tiange Liu
- School of Economics and Management, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Yuting Zheng
- School of Economics and Management, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Economics and Management, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
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16
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Awaad R, Nursoy-Demir M, Khalil A, Helal H. Islamic Civilizations and Plagues: The Role of Religion, Faith and Psychology During Pandemics. J Relig Health 2023; 62:1379-1393. [PMID: 36823257 PMCID: PMC9949692 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01765-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The current study seeks to analyze Muslim experiences of communicative diseases with a focus on the psychosocial impacts and public, communal, and personal responses of Muslim populations throughout history. By examining a selection of plague outbreaks between the 8-19th centuries across the lands broadly defined as the Islamic Mediterranean (Varlık, 2017), the guidelines and coping mechanisms that Muslims extracted from their traditional sources are highlighted. This historical perspective contributes to a better understanding of the psychological and social aspects of pandemics for the Muslim community, specifically for the role played by faith and spirituality as determinants of psychological well-being in Muslims' perceptions and responses. We suggest that such an understanding is especially useful for contemporary mental health practitioners working with Muslim patients through the global COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Awaad
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Rd., Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Merve Nursoy-Demir
- Muslim Mental Health and Islamic Psychology Lab, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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17
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Jaiswal B. Specular Reflections from Artificial Surfaces as Technosignature. Astrobiology 2023; 23:291-294. [PMID: 36745401 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2022.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Direct imaging of exoplanets will allow for observation of a planet in reflected light. Such a scenario may eventually allow for the possibility to scan a planetary surface for the presence of artificial structures made by alien civilizations. Detectability of planetary-scale structures, called megastructures, has been previously explored. In this work, we show that it is possible to detect structures of much smaller scale on exoplanetary surfaces by searching for the specular reflection of host starlight from the corresponding structures. As the planet rotates, these reflections can manifest as an optical transient riding atop the rotational light curve of the planet. Due to the directional nature of specular reflection, the reflected signal is very strong, and it is comparable to the planetary flux for surfaces that cover only a few parts per million of the total planetary surface area. By tracking the planet around its orbit, it should be possible to scan the planetary surface for any such structures that cover a size larger than a few parts per million of planetary surface. The proposed method will aid in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence in the era of direct imaging of exoplanets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavesh Jaiswal
- Space Astronomy Group, U R Rao Satellite Centre, Bangalore, India
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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18
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Liu S, Luo L. A Study on the Impact of Ideological and Political Education of Ecological Civilization on College Students' Willingness to Act Pro-Environment: Evidence from China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2608. [PMID: 36767973 PMCID: PMC9915400 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of ideological and political education with regards to ecological civilization on college students' pro-environment attitudes. Based on the survey data of 1622 college students, a series of econometric models are built to understand and test the impact of ideological and political education on students' pro-environment willingness. The results show that the ideological and political education of ecological civilization can effectively promote the environmental will of college students; the accumulation of environmental knowledge, ecological concern, and ecological reflection are the important mediums for the ideological and political education of ecological civilization; and the medium effect of ecological reflection is the strongest. In addition, this study also indicates that the pro-environment willingness of college students and their professional categories, whether to join the eco-environmental association, and other factors have a significant correlation. Therefore, this study reveals the current impact of ecological civilization education and the role of the mechanism for college educators and policymakers to promote the protection of the ecological environment, which provides an important reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silin Liu
- Committee of the Communist Youth League, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lei Luo
- College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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19
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Śledzik K, Płoska R, Chmielewski M, Barembruch A, Szmelter-Jarosz A, Kędzierska-Szczepaniak A, Antonowicz P. Multivariate Pharma Technology Transfer Analysis: Civilization Diseases and COVID-19 Perspective. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1954. [PMID: 36767318 PMCID: PMC9915368 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The importance of studying civilization diseases manifests itself in the impact of changing lifestyles, on the number of deaths and causes of death. Technology transfer plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of these diseases. Through this, it is possible to transfer new treatments and diagnostics to clinics and hospitals more quickly and effectively, which leads to better healthcare for patients. Technology transfer can also aid in the development of new drugs and therapies that can be effective in the treatment of civilization diseases. The paper aims to evaluate the technology transfer process in the field of civilization diseases, using COVID-19 as an example of a pandemic that requires quick development and transfer of technology. To achieve the assumed goal, we propose a multivariate synthetic ratio in the field of civilization diseases (SMTT-Synthetic Measure of Technology Transfer) to analyze data from the Global Data database. We used sub-measures like SMTT_value (Synthetic Measure of Technology Transfer_value) and SMTT_quantity (Synthetic Measure of Technology Transfer_quantity) to measure technology transfer and put the data into a graph. Our analysis focuses on 14 diseases over a period of 10 years (2012-2021) and includes nine forms of technology transfer, allowing us to create a tool for analysing the process in multiple dimensions. Our results show that COVID-19 is similar in terms of technology transfer to diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and breast cancer, even though data for COVID-19 is available for only 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Śledzik
- Department of Banking and Finance, Faculty of Management, University of Gdańsk, ul. Armii Krajowej 101, 81-824 Sopot, Poland
| | - Renata Płoska
- Department of Business Economics, Faculty of Management, University of Gdańsk, ul. Armii Krajowej 101, 81-824 Sopot, Poland
| | - Mariusz Chmielewski
- Department of Business Economics, Faculty of Management, University of Gdańsk, ul. Armii Krajowej 101, 81-824 Sopot, Poland
| | - Adam Barembruch
- Department of Banking and Finance, Faculty of Management, University of Gdańsk, ul. Armii Krajowej 101, 81-824 Sopot, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szmelter-Jarosz
- Department of Logistics, Faculty of Economics, University of Gdańsk, ul. Armii Krajowej 109/111, 81-824 Sopot, Poland
| | - Angelika Kędzierska-Szczepaniak
- Department of Banking and Finance, Faculty of Management, University of Gdańsk, ul. Armii Krajowej 101, 81-824 Sopot, Poland
| | - Paweł Antonowicz
- Department of Business Economics, Faculty of Management, University of Gdańsk, ul. Armii Krajowej 101, 81-824 Sopot, Poland
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20
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Ma J, Liu D, Wang Z. Sponge City Construction and Urban Economic Sustainable Development: An Ecological Philosophical Perspective. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1694. [PMID: 36767061 PMCID: PMC9914648 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Party's 14th Five-Year-Plan and the 2035 Visionary Goals point out that green and sustainable development is the direction of China's road in the present age, and provide a theoretical basis for further improvement of ecological civilization. "Sponge city" is a new type of urban construction idea in China; moving from pilot to vigorous implementation at present, it is an important element of China's promotion of green development and development of ecological civilization. At present, a number of sponge city pilot projects have been built in China, and evaluation of their effects is already a matter of urgency. The overall planning of China's current policies in sponge city construction and the specific analyses conducted by experts from both subjective and objective aspects have not been able to completely fill the gap in this regard, thus making it particularly urgent to conduct in-depth studies. Based on this, this paper discusses the performance assessment of sponge cities in China on the basis of the prediction and analysis of the development trend of sponge cities in China. In the performance assessment system, the correctness and timeliness of the index system should be considered in terms of practical effects; in the city performance assessment, the ideas of new city development such as low-carbon cities and smart cities should be combined to build a comprehensive and multi-perspective intelligent assessment system, so as to provide a strong boost to promote the development of city construction and its evaluative research. Firstly, a system-dynamic model is applied to sort out and combine its internal operation mechanism, and a set of evaluation systems based on the ecological philosophical perspective of the sponge city and urban sustainable development performance is established. Second, to improve the accuracy of the research results, parallelism tests and robustness analysis were conducted on this performance index evaluation system. The study's results show that sponge city construction has achieved good results in sustainable urban development and has contributed to future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhengwen Wang
- School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- National Institute of Insurance Development, Wuhan University, Ningbo 315100, China
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21
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An R, Liu P. Research on the Environmental Philosophy of China's Environmental Crime Legislation from the Perspective of Ecological Civilization Construction. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1517. [PMID: 36674272 PMCID: PMC9860580 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Modern environmental philosophy is a new type of philosophy for humans re-examining the relationship between man and nature and provides the value guidance for modern environmental law. China's environmental crime legislation has gone through the exploration period, establishment period, and optimization period. The environmental philosophy behind this is worth discussing and determines the direction China will take environmental crime in the future and whether China's environmental strategy can really be implemented. At present, the disputes about the environmental philosophy of environmental crime in China are mainly reflected in the contention between anthropocentrism, ecocentrism, and eco-anthropocentrism. There are radical risks of pure human centrism or pure ecological centrism, and these two theories struggle to serve as a value basis for environmental crime legislation. Although eco-anthropocentrism seems to be comprehensive, it is actually ambiguous, and it is still difficult to deal with the conflict between people and nature. In recent years, China has continuously emphasized the construction of ecological civilization construction and written this into the constitution. Therefore, in the environmental philosophy issues of environmental crimes in China, we should consider absorbing the advantages of anthropocentrism, ecocentrism, and eco-anthropocentrism, while taking the original Chinese ecological civilization philosophy as the value foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran An
- Law School, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Intellectual Property Law and Policy Institute, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 200042, China
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22
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Jakovljevic M. GLOBAL MENTAL HEALTH ENLIGTENMENT2.0 IN ACTIONFOR GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY, PEACE AND EMPATHIC CIVILIZATION. Psychiatr Danub 2023; 35:471-476. [PMID: 37992091 DOI: 10.24869/psyd.2023.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Mental health as a crucial global public good requires action of all scientific, political, social and cultural disciplines and sectors in our VUCA (volatile, uncertain, complex, ambiguous) world. Empathy based on love as life philosophy and a way of being in the world is the most essential and basic core element in human communications which leads to healthy, creative, flourishing, and well-functioning families, communities, nations, societies, and civilizations. Culture of empathy is an essential part of the new 2.0 Enlightenment which is a mental, social, spiritual and political movement that inspires aspiration towards global human spirit, collective mind and humanistic self, public and global mental health, cosmopolitism and empathic civilization.
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23
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Zhang Y, Fu B. Impact of China's establishment of ecological civilization pilot zones on carbon dioxide emissions. J Environ Manage 2023; 325:116652. [PMID: 36335695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since China's speedy economic development, the problems of energy consumption and environmental pollution have become increasingly prominent. A question worth in-depth study is whether ecological civilization (EC) construction, one of the main policies to solve China's severe environmental and ecological problems, affects carbon dioxide emissions (CDE). In this study, we use a novel method proposed by Hsiao et al. (2012) to estimate the average treatment effect by using panel data to study the impact of establishing the EC pilot zones of China on CDE. The results show that, although EC construction is effective in reducing CDE, the impact varies from region to region. The study findings can provide a scientific basis to promote the experience of EC construction better and improve its CDE effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Zhang
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China; Center for Energy & Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Bowen Fu
- School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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24
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Ma T, Jia L, Zhong L, Gong X, Wei Y. Governance of China's Potatso National Park Influenced by Local Community Participation. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:807. [PMID: 36613127 PMCID: PMC9819458 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Conservationists recognize that protected areas (PAs) have limited prospects without the involvement and support of local people. As a governance strategy, community participation is to implement the coordinated development of communities and PAs. However, the effects of community participation on national park governance have rarely been tested. Therefore, the present study used a mixed-method approach that is derived from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) green list of protected and conserved areas (PCA) conservation outcomes framework, calibrated to the indigenous peoples and local communities' (IPLCs) self-assessments about the outcomes of community participation on national park governance to explore the community participation effects. Our results show that management efficiency controls governance outcomes. Potatso National Park's transformation from the tourism development model to national park is still ongoing, and there exists quite a few problems. We conclude that a successful national park governance as envisaged by the "ecological civilization" paradigm requires a balance of government regulation, participation of various stakeholders in decision-making and discussion, compensation, as well as sustainable access to environmental resources by the affected populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ma
- Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lizhi Jia
- Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Linsheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinyu Gong
- College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yu Wei
- Institute of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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25
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Oh S, Yoo S. Beyond Imagined Discontinuity: Review of the Book Series Science and Civilization in Korea. Technol Cult 2023; 64:1274-1291. [PMID: 38588191 DOI: 10.1353/tech.2023.a911006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
This review essay examines the ambitious thirty-volume series Science and Civilization in Korea (SCK), published between 2010 and 2022. Input from over sixty Korean scholars traces the evolution of Korean science and technology, from elementary tools to advanced semiconductor technology. Inspired by Joseph Needham's series Science and Civilization in China, SCK seeks to reveal the "universal value" embedded in Korean civilization, extending to the tumultuous eras of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This review essay probes SCK's implications and boundaries, elucidating the influences molding its narrative and identifying omissions. It also considers alternative narratives. Albeit rooted in use-centered historiography, such narratives would not be restricted to the local but underscore an array of practices striving for compatibility with global resources. Moreover, they could bridge the "imagined discontinuity"-the notion of rupture around 1900-between "tradition" and "modern" and thus cultivate a more seamless chronicle of Korea's history of technology.
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26
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Cochrane T, Reubi D. Grammars of Progress and Pathology: A Recursive History of Africa, Cancer, and "Diseases of Civilization". Bull Hist Med 2023; 97:423-455. [PMID: 38588194 DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2023.a915269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The phrase "disease of civilization" and concomitant lexicons, such as "pathologies of modernization," frequently surface across public and global health discourses. This is particularly the case within the framework of cancer research in Africa. In this article, the authors trace the emergence of these grammars of progress at the beginning of the twentieth century as a biomedical lens through which to analyze and frame cancer in Africa. Arguing with Ann Stoler for a recursive understanding of colonial and postcolonial history, the authors follow in detail the lexical shifts and recursions across the twentieth century, as these grammars move from diseases of civilization to development and modernization. In tracing these lexical shifts, they place them within the broader understandings of Africa and the African body as an other against which Euro-America frames itself.
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28
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Lineweaver CH. The 'Oumuamua Controversy: Bayesian Priors and the Evolution of Technological Intelligence. Astrobiology 2022; 22:1419-1428. [PMID: 36475967 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2021.0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Was the interstellar object 'Oumuamua a light sail constructed by aliens (hypothesis A) or can it be explained by more natural processes (hypothesis N)? To compare these two hypotheses, a Bayesian analysis of the Sagan standard is introduced. I show that apparently contradictory answers are not contradictory when one is careful about the specific question one is trying to answer. Different estimates of prior odds play the dominant role in the controversy. The existence of technological alien civilizations is largely an issue of evolutionary biology, not astronomy. I argue that, based on tens of millions of independent evolutionary experiments here on Earth, the probability of technological alien civilizations is somewhere between zero and tiny. This extremely low prior decreases the probability of A being favored in the posterior odds, but counterintuitively increases the power of the new evidence to favor A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Lineweaver
- Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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29
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Bycroft M, Wragge-Morley A. Introduction: Science and connoisseurship in the European Enlightenment. Hist Sci 2022; 60:439-457. [PMID: 36427243 DOI: 10.1177/00732753211049039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A major theme of the European Enlightenment was the rationalization of value, the use of reason to determine the value of things, from diamonds to civilizations. This view of the Enlightenment is well-established in the human sciences. It is ripe for extension to the natural sciences, given the rich recent literature on affect, evaluation, and subjectivity in early modern science. Meanwhile, in art history, the new history of connoisseurship provides a model for the historical study of the evaluation of material things. Historians of natural history have already noted the connections between science, Enlightenment, and connoisseurship. The time has come to extend their insights to other areas of Enlightenment science. This means recognizing the breadth of connoisseurship - the social, linguistic, and disciplinary diversity of the practice - as understood in Europe in the eighteenth century and the latter part of the seventeenth century. An outline of the three papers in this special section gives an indication of how this historiographical project might be carried out.
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Zuckerman B. 'Oumuamua Is Not a Probe Sent to Our Solar System by an Alien Civilization. Astrobiology 2022; 22:1414-1418. [PMID: 36475959 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2021.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
'Oumuamua, the first known object of extrasolar origin seen to enter our Solar System, has multiple unusual characteristics that, taken together, are very difficult to explain with conventional astronomical entities like asteroids and comets. Consequently, it has been hypothesized that 'Oumuamua is an interstellar probe that was constructed by an alien civilization. We demonstrate that the accomplishments that can be achieved with large space telescopes/interferometers in the alien's planetary system will completely quench any motivation for construction and launch of an 'Oumuamua-like probe. The absence of any such motivation attests that 'Oumuamua is not an alien creation. The existence of large space telescopes has important implications for a range of topics that include interstellar space travel, the Zoo Hypothesis, METI, and UFOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Zuckerman
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Veljković M, Pavlović DR, Stojanović NM, Džopalić T, Popović Dragonjić L. Behavioral and Dietary Habits That Could Influence Both COVID-19 and Non-Communicable Civilization Disease Prevention-What Have We Learned Up to Now? Medicina (Kaunas) 2022; 58:1686. [PMID: 36422225 PMCID: PMC9695647 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The massive expansion of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has urged countries to introduce lockdowns and set restrictive actions worldwide. The focus of the studies was to determine how COVID-19 induces damage to the lungs in order to find an alternative or adjuvant therapy that could lead to preventing COVID-19 or at least ameliorating it. This paper aims to survey the literature and provide new insights into behavioral and dietary habits that could influence the prevention of COVID-19. Maintaining an adequate mental health status, sleep, and taking moderate exercise are often disrupted in the conditions of lockdown and are followed by weakened immunity. Mediterranean and vegetarian diets are superior to other eating patterns in terms of immunity boosting and fighting COVID-19. Our study showed how adequate hydration, green tea intake, and supplementation with vitamins D, C, and E can increase our chances of avoiding the infection and even help us sleep better. Another focus of the research was on determining what level of hygiene really increases one's chances of not contracting SARS-CoV-2, but this seems a little counter-intuitive at first. Since an immunocompromised state is a familiar predisposing factor for all contagious diseases, maintaining healthy behavioral and dietary habits could be a crucial step in boosting immunity and preventing COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Veljković
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Dragana R. Pavlović
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | | | - Tanja Džopalić
- Department of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Lidija Popović Dragonjić
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
- Clinic for Infectology, University Clinical Center Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
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Rezig L, Ghzaiel I, Ksila M, Yammine A, Nury T, Zarrouk A, Samadi M, Chouaibi M, Vejux A, Lizard G. Cytoprotective activities of representative nutrients from the Mediterranean diet and of Mediterranean oils against 7-ketocholesterol- and 7β-hydroxycholesterol-induced cytotoxicity: Application to age-related diseases and civilization diseases. Steroids 2022; 187:109093. [PMID: 36029811 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol are two oxysterols mainly formed by the autoxidation of cholesterol. These two molecules are interconvertible via specific enzymes. These two oxysterols are often observed at increased amounts in biological fluids as well as tissues and organs affected during age-related diseases and in diseases of civilization such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and ocular diseases as well as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Noteworthy, 7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol induce oxidative stress and inflammation, which are frequently observed in patients with age-related and civilization diseases. For this reason, the involvement of these two oxysterols in the pathophysiology of these diseases is widely suspected. In addition, the toxicity of these oxysterols can lead to death by oxiapoptophagy characterized by oxidative stress, apoptosis induction and autophagy criteria. To prevent, or even treat, certain age-related or civilization diseases associated with increased levels of 7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol, the identification of molecules or mixtures of molecules attenuating or inhibiting the toxic effects of these oxysterols allows to consider new treatments. In this context, many nutrients present in significant amounts in the Mediterranean diet, especially tocopherols, fatty acids, and polyphenols, have shown cytoprotective activities as well as several Mediterranean oils (argan and olive oils, milk thistle seed oil, and pistacia lentiscus seed oil). Consequently, a nutraceutical approach, rich in nutrients present in the Mediterranean diet, could thus make it possible to counteract certain age-related and civilization diseases associated with increased levels of 7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Rezig
- University of Carthage, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, LR11ES26, LIP-MB 'Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules', Tunis 1080, Tunisia; University of Carthage, High Institute of Food Industries, 58 Alain Savary Street, El Khadra City, Tunis 1003, Tunisia.
| | - Imen Ghzaiel
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism (EA7270), University of Bourgogne/Inserm, Dijon 21000, France; University of Monastir, Faculty of Medicine, LR12ES05, Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health', Monastir 5000, Tunisia; University Tunis-El Manar, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ksila
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism (EA7270), University of Bourgogne/Inserm, Dijon 21000, France; Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Valorisation of Biomolecules, (LR18ES03), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Aline Yammine
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism (EA7270), University of Bourgogne/Inserm, Dijon 21000, France; Institut Européen des Antioxydants (IEA), 1B, rue Victor de Lespinats, Neuves-Maisons 54230, France
| | - Thomas Nury
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism (EA7270), University of Bourgogne/Inserm, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Medicine, LR12ES05, Lab-NAFS 'Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health', Monastir 5000, Tunisia; Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4000, Tunisia
| | - Mohammad Samadi
- LCPMC-A2, ICPM, Department of Chemistry, University Lorraine, Metz Technopôle, Metz 57070, France
| | - Moncef Chouaibi
- University of Carthage, High Institute of Food Industries, 58 Alain Savary Street, El Khadra City, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; University of Carthage, Bio-preservation and Valorization of Agricultural Products UR13-AGR 02, High Institute of Food Industries, 58 Alain Savary Street, El Khadra City, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
| | - Anne Vejux
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism (EA7270), University of Bourgogne/Inserm, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Gérard Lizard
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism (EA7270), University of Bourgogne/Inserm, Dijon 21000, France.
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Hu P. Evaluation algorithm of coastal city ecological civilization development level based on improved BP neural network. J Environ Manage 2022; 321:116039. [PMID: 36029633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To accurately evaluate the development level of ecological civilization in coastal cities, this paper proposes an evaluation algorithm of coastal city ecological civilization development based on Improved BP neural network, constructs the evaluation index system, and establishes the BP neural network-based evaluation model. By collecting the relevant data of 30 cities in China Line standardization, as the input learning matrix, entropy and coefficient of variation are used to evaluate the development level of ecological civilization. Through 5000 training times, the error accuracy is close to 10-7, and the cities with low ecological civilization level and less cultivated land resources per capita are found out. Based on the improved BP neural network method, according to the development level of coastal cities, the ecological culture of coastal cities is put forward as a whole. The countermeasures and suggestions of construction are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po Hu
- School of Law, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Lei P, Zhang H, Wu Q, Li P, Wang B, Wu P. The Development of Environmental Geoscience Contributes to the Construction of Ecological Civilization. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2022; 109:659-660. [PMID: 36255466 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03637-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lei
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco- Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085, Beijing, China
| | - Qihang Wu
- School Environmental Science & Engineering, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 550081, Guiyang, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, 550025, Guiyang, China
| | - Pan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, 550025, Guiyang, China
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Hou J, Zhou R, Ding F, Guo H. Does the construction of ecological civilization institution system promote the green innovation of enterprises? A quasi-natural experiment based on China's national ecological civilization pilot zones. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:67362-67379. [PMID: 35522408 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20523-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing green innovation is fundamental for constructing China's new ecological civilization era and participating in the global green industrial revolution. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the green innovation of the enterprises by enhancing the ecological civilization institution system. This study assesses the impact of China's ecological civilization institution system on green innovation, taking the establishment of the National Ecological Civilization Pilot Zone (NECPZ) as a quasi-natural experiment and the non-financial listed firms in China's A-share market from 2010 to 2019 as the research objects. A time-varying difference-in-differences approach is adopted to evaluate the effectiveness of the pilot policy. It is found that the pilot policy has promoted green innovation in the treatment group. The results are proven valid after a series of robustness tests. Heterogeneous impacts of the ownership and industry are also discussed, finding a more substantial effect on the non-state-owned enterprises and firms in non-heavy polluting industries. Furtherly, it is found that the policy implementation has suppressed firms' total factor productivity but has improved local environmental performance. Based on the above results, a series of policy recommendations are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jundong Hou
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Fei Ding
- Research Center for Rural Economy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100810, China.
| | - Haixiang Guo
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Chen B, Zhao B, Li Y, Yu Q, Zhao B, Tan J, Wen C. Spatiotemporal Evolution and Factors Influencing Ecological Civilization Development in Chinese Watersheds. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:10728. [PMID: 36078448 PMCID: PMC9518408 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The construction of ecological civilization plays an important role in realizing the harmonious coexistence between man and nature. The aims of this study were to explore the development of ecological civilization in China's top 10 river basins from 2004 to 2018 and construct an evaluation index system of ecological civilization. Factor analysis was used for the evaluation, and intergroup gap and panel regression analyses were utilized to determine the evolution of the spatiotemporal patterns and factors affecting the development level of ecological civilization in Chinese river basins. The results show that areas with a high level of ecological civilization development gradually spread to peripheral basins such as the Liaohe, Yellow, and Songhua River basins. The level of ecological civilization in China's watersheds is undergoing continuous development. The degree of opening up, forest cover, and education have markedly positive effects on the development of ecological civilization in the basins, whereas urban development and financial autonomy have significant negative effects. The results of this study provide new ideas for evaluating the level of ecological civilization construction, as well as a reference for the government to formulate policies related to the construction of ecological civilization in river basins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binsen Chen
- Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Yi Li
- Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Qiuyue Yu
- Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Bingjian Zhao
- School of Economics, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Junyin Tan
- School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chuanhao Wen
- School of Economics, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
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Zhao M, Liang J, Lu S. Cultural Connotation and Image Dissemination of Ancient Villages under the Environment of Ecological Civilization: A Case Study of Huizhou Ancient Villages. J Environ Public Health 2022; 2022:7401144. [PMID: 36060882 PMCID: PMC9439894 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7401144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ecological civilization refers to the sum of the material production and consumption mode, social organization and management system, values and ethics, and resource development and environmental influence mode between man and nature created in the practice of transforming nature, adapting to nature, conserving nature, and savoring nature. The construction of ecological civilization is an important part of the realization of the new rural construction goal of "production development, well-off life, civilized village customs, clean village appearance, and democratic management." With the comprehensive promotion of the construction of a new socialist countryside in China, the ancient villages, as the source foundation of Chinese national culture and the real record of historical information, have become an urgent and severe topic for the current village renovation and protection. This article studies the architectural modeling, village layout, space, color application, and other aspects of ancient Huizhou village architecture, appreciates some elements of form aesthetics, and explores its rich content in modern society, cultural background, and economic conditions. At the same time, starting from the architectural characteristics of ancient Huizhou villages, integrate and understand the characteristics of village layout, architectural shape, and space color application in Huizhou traditional ancient village architecture, and analyze the harmonious beauty, overall beauty, nature, and coordination covered in Huizhou traditional ancient village architecture beauty and other beautiful features. To study the architectural shape, village layout, space, and color application in Huizhou's ancient village buildings, appreciate some elements of morphological aesthetics, and explore its rich content contained in modern society, cultural background, and economic conditions. At the same time, starting from the architectural characteristics of Huizhou ancient villages, we can integrate and understand the characteristics of village layout, architectural shape, and spatial color application in Huizhou traditional ancient villages, and analyze the characteristics of harmony, overall beauty, nature, and coordinated beauty covered in the architecture of Huizhou traditional ancient villages. This study is of great practical significance to promote the comprehensive improvement and protection of historical buildings, traditional residential communities, historical features, and surrounding ecological environment in ancient villages, and to realize the unity of ecology and civilization, efficiency and energy saving, healthy and sustainable development of ancient villages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- College of Art, Huangshan University, Huangshan 245000, China
| | - Jun Liang
- College of Art, Huangshan University, Huangshan 245000, China
| | - Shanquan Lu
- College of Art, Huangshan University, Huangshan 245000, China
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Xu K, Tian G. Codification and Prospect of China's Codification of Environmental Law from the Perspective of Global Environmental Governance. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19169978. [PMID: 36011610 PMCID: PMC9407785 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Global environmental governance is the fundamental way to solve the human environmental crisis. With China as the world's largest emitter of greenhouse gases, the development of China's environmental law is a key component of global environmental governance. In order to better realize the construction of an ecological civilization, the compilation of China's Environmental Code has been officially put on the work schedule of the legislature. The compilation of the code is a sincere action, showing that China has taken the initiative to assume its own responsibility for environmental governance. In the past 50 years, China's environmental legislation has achieved a great leap forward: from nothing to something, from something to something more comprehensive. Aside from this progress, defects such as the internal imbalance of the environmental law system, the backwardness of some environmental legislation ideas, and the inability of environmental legislation and its academic research to fully match China's national conditions also exist. With the helping hands of conditions and times, it is most appropriate for China to start the compilation of the Environmental Code now. Environmental Codes such as the Swedish Environmental Code, the French Environmental Code and the German Environmental Code (Draft of the Committee of Experts) provide many empirical references for the compilation of China's Environmental Code. China will make important an contribution to world environmental governance again-an Environmental Code in line with international standards while maintaining native characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xu
- School of International Law, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 200042, China
- Correspondence: (K.X.); (G.T.)
| | - Guangdong Tian
- Transportation College, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Correspondence: (K.X.); (G.T.)
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Zhang Z, Xiong K, Chang H, Zhang W, Huang D. A Review of Eco-Product Value Realization and Ecological Civilization and Its Enlightenment to Karst Protected Areas. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19105892. [PMID: 35627431 PMCID: PMC9141932 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The current ecosystem services of karst protected areas cannot fully enhance human well-being, and the value of eco-products cannot be effectively realized. Research on eco-products and ecological civilization is conducive to the regional sustainability. The results of a statistical analysis of 258 related articles indicate: (1) the number of published articles has increased rapidly after slow growth, indicating that this research field has become a research hotspot and has broad research prospects; (2) the research content mainly involves five aspects, such as eco-product supply, eco-product value realization, eco-industry, ecological civilization, and monitoring and evaluation; (3) the articles research area is mainly distributed in the karst areas with a fragile ecological environment in China and the eco-product value realization and ecological civilization pilot areas; (4) the research frontiers are revealed from four aspects of eco-product supply ability, eco-product value realization, the driving force of eco-product value realization on the formation of eco-industry, model and effectiveness of ecological civilization; (5) it is necessary to deepen the research on the improvement mechanism of eco-product supply capacity, the classification systems and value accounting standards of eco-products, the formation mechanism of eco-industries under ecological threshold constraints and the driving mechanism of eco-industry to ecological civilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhang
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China; (Z.Z.); (H.C.); (W.Z.); (D.H.)
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Kangning Xiong
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China; (Z.Z.); (H.C.); (W.Z.); (D.H.)
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang 550001, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Huanhuan Chang
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China; (Z.Z.); (H.C.); (W.Z.); (D.H.)
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Wenxiu Zhang
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China; (Z.Z.); (H.C.); (W.Z.); (D.H.)
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Denghong Huang
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China; (Z.Z.); (H.C.); (W.Z.); (D.H.)
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang 550001, China
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Liu Y, Liu W, Yan Y, Liu C. A perspective of ecological civilization: research on the spatial coupling and coordination of the energy-economy-environment system in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Environ Monit Assess 2022; 194:403. [PMID: 35513510 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The concept of sustainable economic development as the core promotes socio-economic progress and rapid economic development. Nevertheless, in the new era of China, the contradiction between socio-economic development and environmental sustainability is still prominent. In order to deal with the coordinated development relationship among regional economy, energy, and environment, this paper constructs an energy-economy-environment (3E) index system from the perspective of green development and ecological integrity. On this basis, the distance-based coupling coordinated degree (CCD) model and dynamically comprehensive coordination degree model were used to evaluate the coupling coordinated development levels of 11 provinces (cities) along the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) from 2008 to 2017. Then, a spatial econometric model was used to explore the spatial effects of the regional 3E system of the YREB. The results indicated that (1) the overall coordination of the 3E system in the provinces (cities) along the YREB shows an increasing trend. However, change paths varied with the provinces (cities) due to the influence of regional policies; (2) the CCD of the 3E system in the YREB differed spatially significantly, showing a stepped distribution of "high in the east and low in the west"; (3) the 3E system in the YREB had a positive spatial correlation and showed the characteristics of aggregation, with Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces mainly showing "high-high" agglomeration and Sichuan showing "high-low" aggregation, while the rest of the provinces had the characteristics of random distribution in terms of spatial effects. The research process and results show that combining the ecological civilization concept and the CCD model can provide the vision and indicators for evaluating and researching the regional 3E system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubang Liu
- College of Management Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu b, 610059, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Management Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu b, 610059, China.
| | - Yunan Yan
- College of Management Science, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu b, 610059, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- College of Foreign Languages & Cultures, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu b, 610059, China
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Horen SR, Gantiwala S, Hamidian Jahromi A, Konofaos P. A Historical Perspective on the Management of Facial Paralysis: From Ancient Civilizations to the Modern Era. Ann Plast Surg 2022; 88:473-478. [PMID: 35443262 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Documented evidence of facial nerve paralysis (FNP) and its treatment have been discovered in many early civilizations dating back centuries. Early records are present in art and scripts across ancient civilizations and have laid the groundwork for the implementation of many managements used in modern practice. Although the current management of FNP is still evolving, it includes a complex and multimodal spectrum of options ranging from pharmacologic therapy to facial physical therapy and neuromuscular training, and surgical facial reanimation interventions via static and dynamic procedures. The aim of this review is not to provide an up-to-date glossary of modern management options but rather to discuss the historical evidence of FNP and treatments leading up to current techniques and practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney R Horen
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago
| | | | - Alireza Hamidian Jahromi
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago
| | - Petros Konofaos
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
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Zhang Z, Xu H, Shan S, Lu Y, Duan H. The Impact of Ecological Civilization Construction on Environment and Public Health-Evidence from the Implementation of Ecological Civilization Demonstration Area in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19095361. [PMID: 35564756 PMCID: PMC9100575 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Faced with an increasingly tight resource supply, serious environmental pollution and degrading ecosystems, human beings are eager to reduce environmental pollution and promote public health. In this context, this paper takes the ecological civilization demonstration area (ECDA) established in China as a quasi-natural experiment to test whether ecological civilization construction (ECC) is an effective solution for the reduction of environmental pollution and improvement of public health. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2009 to 2020, the study analyzes the impact of ECC on environmental quality and public health by employing a difference-in-difference model. The results show that ECDA has restrained environmental pollution and reduced the morbidity and mortality, which indicates that ECC effectively promotes environmental quality and public health. The effect of ECC is more pronounced in economically developed regions. In addition, ECC improves environmental quality through scale effects, structural effects, technology effects, and ecological conservation effects, while the positive effects of ECC on public health are driven by scale effects and ecological conservation effects only. Therefore, policymakers should support low-carbon production, promote the upgrade of industrial structures, and encourage enterprises to develop green technologies. Ecological protection projects such as afforestation and greening are necessary. Governments should initiate ecological civilization construction in economically developed regions and then gradually promote the policies in relatively poor areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Zhang
- School of Economics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Haodong Xu
- School of Economics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
- Correspondence: (H.X.); (S.S.)
| | - Shuangshuang Shan
- School of Foreign Language Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Correspondence: (H.X.); (S.S.)
| | - Yuqi Lu
- School of Marxism, East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 201620, China;
| | - Hongyan Duan
- Department of Economics, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
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Douglas B. Darwin and the French: The species question and 'man' in Oceania. Stud Hist Philos Sci 2022; 91:168-180. [PMID: 34923224 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2021.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Reading Darwin with a strong sense of déjà vu, French scholars often give him a long French intellectual genealogy. So the physical anthropologist Topinard averred in 1876 that 'transformism is of French origin … the honour is entirely due to M. Lamarck' and defined Darwinism as 'Natural selection through the struggle for existence, applied to Lamarck's transformism'. Using detailed exegesis, this article traces antecedents, intersections, rebuttals, appropriations, shifts, and mutual misunderstandings in late eighteenth- and nineteenth-century transmutationist thinking in France and Britain. With specific reference to unstable concepts of evolution and species, the article samples French and francophone reception and interpretation of Darwin's writings and his responses to critics or supporters. Relative to ideas of race or civilization, human unity or diversity, and the interplay of empirical or deductive logic, I compare Darwin's work with that of the French physical anthropologist Broca in debates on racial ranking, extinction, and the 'descent of man', particularly in Australia and Oceania more widely. I conclude that, notwithstanding Darwin's personal humanitarian values, his science of man made important contributions to the theoretical underpinnings of the science of race, or raciology, which had emerged and developed mainly in France in the half century after 1800.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwen Douglas
- School of Archaeology & Anthropology, ANU College of Arts & Social Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT Australia, 84 Duffy Street, Ainslie, ACT 2602, Australia.
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45
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Sun X, Hu L, Hu B, Sun X, Wu X, Bi N, Lin T, Guo Z, Yang Z. Remarkable signals of the ancient Chinese civilization since the Early Bronze Age in the marine environment. Sci Total Environ 2022; 804:150209. [PMID: 34517331 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The signals of fire activity induced from climate and ancient human activities could be recorded in sedimentary strata. We examined a 6000-year black‑carbon (BC) record-including char and soot-of a sediment core from the South Yellow Sea. The climate change had a threshold effect on the fire regime, and dominated the char emissions. The soot/BC signals depicted that the anthropogenic emissions related to the evolution of the Chinese civilization since the Early Bronze Age (~4 ka) have overwhelmed natural soot emissions. The soot variation in the record closely matched periods when there was large-scale use of coal or charcoal after the Han Dynasty and when indigenous coking technology was promoted after the Tang Dynasty; low soot-abundance in the record coincided with periods of social unrest. This work illustrates how soot signals can be a robust tracer of civilization evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Sun
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; International Center for Isotope Effect Research, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Limin Hu
- Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China; Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education of China, College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Bangqi Hu
- Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China; Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xueshi Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China; Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education of China, College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Naishuang Bi
- Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China; Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education of China, College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Tian Lin
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhigang Guo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China.
| | - Zuosheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, Ministry of Education of China, College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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Mi L, Jia T, Yang Y, Jiang L, Wang B, Lv T, Li L, Cao J. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Regional Ecological Civilization Policy: Evidence from Jiangsu Province, China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 19:ijerph19010388. [PMID: 35010650 PMCID: PMC8744889 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Evaluating the effectiveness of ecological civilization policies is the basis from which policymakers can optimize policies. From the perspective of the overall effectiveness of regional policies, and taking Jiangsu Province as an example, this study constructed a quantitative evaluation model of eco-civilization policy text and an eco-civilization evaluation index system. Using these tools, this paper evaluates the effectiveness of 53 ecological civilization policies issued by Jiangsu Province during 2004-2019 to promote the construction of ecological civilization in the four fields of resource utilization, environmental protection, economic development, and social life. There are three key findings. (1) During the period of 2004-2019, the effectiveness of the textual content of ecological civilization policies in Jiangsu Province generally showed a fluctuating upward trend. (2) The construction effectiveness indexes of the four fields of eco-civilization all showed a growth trend, but the construction effect varied greatly. The index of economic development had grown rapidly, while environmental protection had grown slowly. (3) Ecological civilization policies in Jiangsu Province were effective in promoting the construction of ecological civilization. However, the effects of different policy dimensions on ecological civilization development in the four fields were significantly different. Finally, based on these results, powerful recommendations are provided for the optimization of eco-civilization policies in Jiangsu Province. Moreover, Jiangsu is the first province in China to launch a provincial-level ecological civilization construction plan. Its policy optimization to promote ecological civilization construction can also provide an example and realistic basis for reference for the construction of eco-civilization in other provinces in China.
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Ostos NSCD. ["Being a carnivore is civilization:" Brazilian vegetarianism and discourse about animals, 1902-1940]. Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos 2021; 28:37-57. [PMID: 35137859 DOI: 10.1590/s0104-59702021000500002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This article analyzes discourse on animals from the Brazilian vegetarian movement during the early twentieth century. It provides context for the creation of this movement in the country, positioning scientific and moral arguments that were used to defend vegetarianism. Discourse that compared the biological and behavioral aspects of human and nonhuman animals and considered meat as an element that "contaminated" human nature was analyzed. We argue that the defense of animal life mounted by vegetarians at that time did not necessarily mean abolishing hierarchies and asymmetries between humans and other living beings.
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Wang H, Geng Y, Zhang J, Xia X, Feng Y. Ecological Civilization Demonstration Zone, Air Pollution Reduction, and Political Promotion Tournament in China: Empirical Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph182211880. [PMID: 34831639 PMCID: PMC8617732 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Using the ecological civilization demonstration zone as a quasi-natural experiment, this study has explored the effect of it on air pollution in China by employing the difference-in-differences model and the spatial difference-in-differences model, and further tested the political promotion tournament in China by employing the binary logit model. The results show that the ecological civilization demonstration zone has basically and effectively reduced air pollution, except for carbon monoxide and ozone. In addition, the spatial spillover effects of the ecological civilization demonstration zone on air pollution are not only basically supported among the treated cities, but also extremely established in the untreated cities neighboring the treated cities. Furthermore, no clear evidence supports the establishment of the political promotion tournament in China, while local cadres tend to cope with the assessment of higher officials passively rather than actively. Overall, this study sheds light on the coordination of economic development and ecological civilization from the perspective of the career concerns of local cadres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Wang
- Business School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (H.W.); (J.Z.); (X.X.)
| | - Yong Geng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Jingxue Zhang
- Business School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (H.W.); (J.Z.); (X.X.)
| | - Xiqiang Xia
- Business School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (H.W.); (J.Z.); (X.X.)
| | - Yanchao Feng
- Business School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (H.W.); (J.Z.); (X.X.)
- Correspondence:
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Fan H, Tao S, Hashmi SH. Does the Construction of a Water Ecological Civilization City Improve Green Total Factor Productivity? Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph182211829. [PMID: 34831581 PMCID: PMC8623374 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Taking Water Ecological City Pilot (WECP) policy as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper adopts the PSM-DID method to investigate the impact of the WECP policy on the green total factor productivity (GTFP) of China’s prefecture-level cities. The results show that the implementation of the WECP policy significantly inhibits the improvement of GTFP. Furthermore, we find the implementation of the WECP policy has squeezed out government technological expenditures to some extent and aggravated the compliance cost of enterprises, which has not caused the “innovation compensation effect”, thus failing to improve GTFP. The heterogeneity analyses show that the policy effects vary with the imbalance of China’s regional development and resource endowments. Developed regions can better overcome the possible negative impact that comes with policy implementation. Governments need to formulate different policy strategies and plans from an overall macro perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhong Fan
- School of Economics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;
| | - Shuang Tao
- School of Economics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;
- Correspondence:
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50
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Chen P, Li Z, Zhang D, Shen W, Xie Y, Zhang J, Jiang L, Li X, Shen X, Geng D, Wang L, Niu C, Bao C, Yan M, Li H, Li C, Yan Y, Zou Y, Micheletti D, Koot E, Ma F, Guan Q. Insights into the effect of human civilization on Malus evolution and domestication. Plant Biotechnol J 2021; 19:2206-2220. [PMID: 34161653 PMCID: PMC8541786 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary history of the Malus genus has not been well studied. In the current study, we presented genetic evidence on the origin of the Malus genus based on genome sequencing of 297 Malus accessions, revealing the genetic relationship between wild species and cultivated apples. Our results demonstrated that North American and East Asian wild species are closer to the outgroup (pear) than Central Asian species, and hybrid species including natural (separated before the Pleistocene, about 2.5 Mya) and artificial hybrids (including ornamental trees and rootstocks) are between East and Central Asian wild species. Introgressions from M. sylvestris in cultivated apples appeared to be more extensive than those from M. sieversii, whose genetic background flowed westward across Eurasia and eastward to wild species including M. prunifolia, M. × asiatica, M. × micromalus, and M. × robust. Our results suggested that the loss of ancestral gene flow from M. sieversii in cultivated apples accompanied the movement of European traders around the world since the Age of Discovery. Natural SNP variations showed that cultivated apples had higher nucleotide diversity than wild species and more unique SNPs than other apple groups. An apple ERECTA-like gene that underwent selection during domestication on 15th chromosome was identified as a likely major determinant of fruit length and diameter, and an NB-ARC domain-containing gene was found to strongly affect anthocyanin accumulation using a genome-wide association approach. Our results provide new insights into the origin and domestication of apples and will be useful in new breeding programmes and efforts to increase fruit crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Zhongxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Dehui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Wenyun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yinpeng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Lijuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Xuewei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Xiaoxia Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Dali Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Chundong Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Chana Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Mingjia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Haiyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Cuiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yangjun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | | | - Emily Koot
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research LimitedPalmerston NorthNew Zealand
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Qingmei Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid AreasCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
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