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Ge Z, Li C, Liu Y, Sun X. The Effect of Recombinant Human Brain Natriuretic Peptide Combined with Xinmailong on Heart Failure and Its Impact on Cardiac Function and Inflammatory Response. Int J Gen Med 2025; 18:1999-2008. [PMID: 40226800 PMCID: PMC11992501 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s509162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2025] [Indexed: 04/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the effect of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) combined with Xinmailong on heart failure and its impact on cardiac function and inflammatory response. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 60 heart failure patients treated in our hospital from January 2023 to March 2024. The patients were included as research subjects to ensure the sample was representative. According to the different treatment methods, the patients were divided into two groups: the control group received only rhBNP treatment, and the experimental group received combined treatment with rhBNP and Xinmailong injection, with 30 patients in each group. The clinical effects, cardiac function, inflammatory response, and ventricular remodeling indicators of the two groups before and after treatment were observed and compared. Results The total clinical effective rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the NT-proBNP level in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the LVESD and LVEDD levels in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the LVEF level was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the adverse event incidence between the two groups (P>0.05). The 6-minute walk test (6 MWT) level in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide combined with Xinmailong is effective in treating heart failure, significantly improving cardiac function, reducing inflammatory responses, and reversing ventricular remodeling. It is also safe and beneficial for the patients' prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaorui Ge
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xianxian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianxian, 062250, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Baoding, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Wuqiao County Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Internal medicine, Wuqiao County, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiujuan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Wuqiao County Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuqiao County, People’s Republic of China
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Zhou X, Ma D, He YX, Jin J, Wang HL, Wang YF, Yang F, Liu JQ, Chen J, Li Z. Kangfuxin solution alleviates esophageal stenosis after endoscopic submucosal dissection: A natural ingredient strategy. World J Gastroenterol 2025; 31:98561. [PMID: 39777242 PMCID: PMC11684190 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v31.i1.98561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 10/08/2024] [Accepted: 10/25/2024] [Indexed: 12/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal stricture ranks among the most significant complications following endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Excessive fibrotic repair is a typical pathological feature leading to stenosis after ESD. AIM To examine the effectiveness and underlying mechanism of Kangfuxin solution (KFX) in mitigating excessive fibrotic repair of the esophagus post-ESD. METHODS Pigs received KFX at 0.74 mL/kg/d for 21 days after esophageal full circumferential ESD. Endoscopic examinations occurred on days 7 and 21 post-ESD. In vitro, recombinant transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 (5 ng/mL) induced a fibrotic microenvironment in primary esophageal fibroblasts (pEsF). After 24 hours of KFX treatment (at 1.5%, 1%, and 0.5%), expression of α-smooth muscle actin-2 (ACTA2), fibronectin (FN), and type collagen I was assessed. Profibrotic signaling was analyzed, including TGF-β1, Smad2/3, and phosphor-smad2/3 (p-Smad2/3). RESULTS Compared to the Control group, the groups treated with KFX and prednisolone exhibited reduced esophageal stenosis, lower weight loss rates, and improved food tolerance 21 d after ESD. After treatment, Masson staining revealed thinner and less dense collagen fibers in the submucosal layer. Additionally, the expression of fibrotic effector molecules was notably inhibited. Mechanistically, KFX downregulated the transduction levels of fibrotic functional molecules such as TGF-β1, Smad2/3, and p-Smad2/3. In vitro, pEsF exposed to TGF-β1-induced fibrotic microenvironment displayed increased fibrotic activity, which was reversed by KFX treatment, leading to reduced activation of ACTA2, FN, and collagen I. The 1.5% KFX treatment group showed decreased expression of p-Smad 2/3 in TGF-β1-activated pEsF. CONCLUSION KFX showed promise as a therapeutic option for post-full circumferential esophageal ESD strictures, potentially by suppressing fibroblast fibrotic activity through modulation of the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive System Diseases of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Dan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 20082, China
| | - Yi-Xiang He
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive System Diseases of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 20082, China
| | - Hong-Lian Wang
- Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yun-Feng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 20082, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 20082, China
| | - Jian-Qin Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive System Diseases of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
- Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 20082, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637100, Sichuan Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Digestive System Diseases of Luzhou City, The Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
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3
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Han X, Chen X, Liu Y, Yang J, Nie W, Yang M, Mou X. Xinmailong injection on left ventricular remodeling and inflammatory mediators in patients with CHF: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1370448. [PMID: 38655178 PMCID: PMC11035828 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1370448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a prevalent and highly challenging cardiovascular disease associated with high mortality rates. The occurrence and progression of CHF are closely linked to left ventricular remodeling (LVR) and inflammation. Addressing LVR and reducing inflammation can significantly slow down the progression of CHF and improve patient prognosis. Objective To evaluate the effects of Xinmailong injection (XMLI) on LVR and inflammatory mediators in CHF patients. Method The randomized controlled trials investigating the effectiveness of XMLI treatment for CHF were retrieved from eight databases up until 31 December 2023. To evaluate the methodological quality of included studies, the Cochrane bias risk tool was employed. Furthermore, statistical analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias assessment were conducted using Stata 17.0 software. Result Compared with conventional treatment (CT), the combination therapy of XMLI and CT significantly improved LVR and reduced inflammatory mediators, mainly manifested by an increase in LVEF (MD = 6.40, 95% CI: 5.25 to 7.55, p = 0.000), a decrease in LVEDD (MD = -4.63, 95% CI: -5.69 to -3.57, p = 0.000) and LVESD (MD = -4.00, 95% CI: -5.50 to -2.50, p = 0.000), as well as a decrease in TNF-α (MD = -7.93, 95% CI: -9.86 to -6.00, p = 0.000), IL-6 (MD = -5.25, 95% CI: -6.59 to -3.92, p = 0.000), IL-18 (MD = -36.07, 95% CI: -46.76 to -25.38, p = 0.000), CRP (MD = -4.41, 95% CI: -6.40 to -2.42, p = 0.000), hs-CRP (MD = -4.90, 95% CI: -5.71 to -4.08, p = 0.000), and an increase in IL-10 (MD = 20.19, 95% CI: 10.42 to 29.97, p = 0.000). In addition, the combination therapy showed enhanced clinical efficacy (OR = 4.08, 95% CI: 3.10 to 5.37, p = 0.000), decreased expression levels of BNP (MD = -138.48, 95% CI: -155.48 to -121.48, p = 0.000), and NT-pro BNP (MD = -315.63, 95% CI: -359.25 to -272.00, p = 0.000), and increased the 6-MWD (MD = 71.02, 95% CI: 57.23 to 84.81, p = 0.000). It is noteworthy that the combination therapy did not lead to an increase in the incidence of adverse reactions (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.68 to 1.50, p = 0.97). Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated the superiority of combining XMLI and CT therapies over CT alone in improving LVR and reducing inflammatory mediators in patients with CHF. Importantly, this combination therapy does not increase adverse reactions. However, it is crucial to exercise caution while interpreting the survey results due to the limited quality of the included studies. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=492715, Identifier CRD42023492715.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Han
- Chongqing Changshou Traditional Cinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Chongqing Changshou Traditional Cinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Dianjiang Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Dianjiang Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Wuzhi Nie
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Dianjiang Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingjiu Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Dianjiang Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinglang Mou
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Dianjiang Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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Chen XJ, Liu SY, Li SM, Feng JK, Hu Y, Cheng XZ, Hou CZ, Xu Y, Hu M, Feng L, Xiao L. The recent advance and prospect of natural source compounds for the treatment of heart failure. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27110. [PMID: 38444481 PMCID: PMC10912389 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a continuously developing syndrome of cardiac insufficiency caused by diseases, which becomes a major disease endangering human health as well as one of the main causes of death in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The occurrence of heart failure is related to hemodynamic abnormalities, neuroendocrine hormones, myocardial damage, myocardial remodeling etc, lead to the clinical manifestations including dyspnea, fatigue and fluid retention with complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Currently available drugs such as cardiac glycoside, diuretic, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, vasodilator and β receptor blocker etc are widely used for the treatment of heart failure. In particular, natural products and related active ingredients have the characteristics of mild efficacy, low toxicity, multi-target comprehensive efficacy, and have obvious advantages in restoring cardiac function, reducing energy disorder and improving quality of life. In this review, we mainly focus on the recent advance including mechanisms and active ingredients of natural products for the treatment of heart failure, which will provide the inspiration for the development of more potent clinical drugs against heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Juan Chen
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Si-Yuan Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Si-Ming Li
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | | | - Ying Hu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Cheng
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Hou
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yun Xu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Mu Hu
- Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ling Feng
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
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5
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Zhang E, Ji X, Ouyang F, Lei Y, Deng S, Rong H, Deng X, Shen H. A minireview of the medicinal and edible insects from the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1125600. [PMID: 37007003 PMCID: PMC10060509 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1125600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Entomoceuticals define a subset of pharmaceuticals derived from insects. The therapeutic effect of insect-derived drugs has been empirically validated by the direct use of various folk medicines originating from three sources in particular: the glandular secretions of insects (e.g., silk, honey, venom), the body parts of the insect or the whole used live or by various processing (e.g., cooked, toasted, ground), and active ingredients extracted from insects or insect-microbe symbiosis. Insects have been widely exploited in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) relative to other ethnomedicines, especially in the prospect of insect species for medicinal uses. It is noticeable that most of these entomoceuticals are also exploited as health food for improving immune function. In addition, some edible insects are rich in animal protein and have high nutritional value, which are used in the food field, such as insect wine, health supplements and so on. In this review, we focused on 12 insect species that have been widely used in traditional Chinese herbal formulae but have remained less investigated for their biological properties in previous studies. We also combined the entomoceutical knowledge with recent advances in insect omics. This review specifies the underexplored medicinal insects from ethnomedicine and shows their specific medicinal and nutritional roles in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enming Zhang
- School of Sports Medicine and Physical Therapy, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ji
- School of Sports Medicine and Physical Therapy, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Ouyang
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Lei
- College of Arts and Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shun Deng
- Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shun Deng, ; Haibo Rong,
| | - Haibo Rong
- Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shun Deng, ; Haibo Rong,
| | - Xuangen Deng
- Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai Shen
- Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu, China
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6
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Huajuan J, Xulong H, Bin X, Yue W, Yongfeng Z, Chaoxiang R, Jin P. Chinese herbal injection for cardio-cerebrovascular disease: Overview and challenges. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1038906. [PMID: 36909150 PMCID: PMC9998719 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1038906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardio-cerebrovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide and there is currently no optimal treatment plan. Chinese herbal medicine injection (CHI) is obtained by combining traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory and modern production technology. It retains some characteristics of TCM while adding injection characteristics. CHI has played an important role in the treatment of critical diseases, especially cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and has shown unique therapeutic advantages. TCMs that promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, such as Salvia miltiorrhiza, Carthami flos, Panax notoginseng, and Chuanxiong rhizoma, account for a large proportion of CHIs of cardio-cerebrovascular disease. CHI is used to treat cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and has potential pharmacological activities such as anti-platelet aggregation, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrosis, and anti-apoptosis. However, CHIs have changed the traditional method of administering TCMs, and the drugs directly enter the bloodstream, which may produce new pharmacological effects or adverse reactions. This article summarizes the clinical application, pharmacological effects, and mechanism of action of different varieties of CHIs commonly used in the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, analyzes the causes of adverse reactions, and proposes suggestions for rational drug use and pharmaceutical care methods to provide a reference for the rational application of CHIs for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Huajuan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huang Xulong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xian Bin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wang Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhou Yongfeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ren Chaoxiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, China.,Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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7
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Zhou X, Yang M, Jin J, Chen J, Li Z. Periplaneta americana (Insecta: Blattodea) and organ fibrosis: A mini review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32039. [PMID: 36595847 PMCID: PMC9794353 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is the end stage of many chronic inflammatory diseases and eventually leads to organ failure. Periplaneta americana (P. americana) is referred to as "the product of flesh and blood" in traditional Chinese medicine and has a wide range of therapeutic effects. Owing to the growing interest in this insect for its application in the treatment of tissue injury-healing disorders that induce organ fibrosis, it has attracted the interest of researchers. A literature search was performed using core collections of electronic databases, such as PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang, using the keywords given below and terms such as pharmacological and biochemical details of this insect. P. americana extracts presented a wide range of therapeutic and biological activities, including antifibrotic, antiinflammatory, antioxidative, and tissue repair activities. Emerging evidence suggests that P. americana extracts may improve scarring, pulmonary fibrosis, liver fibrosis, and kidney fibrosis through the regulation of fibroblast activation, cytokine secretion, and deposition of fibrin, indicating the potential role of P. americana as a therapeutic option for organ fibrosis. P. americana is a potential therapeutic agent for treating fibrosis. Further studies are required for a more in-depth characterization of the antifibrogenic mechanism of P. americana prior to its clinical application in the treatment of organ fibrosis. (Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Lu zhou, Sichuan, China
- College of Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine to Southwest Medical University, Lu zhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Lu Zhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University (Shanghai Changhai Hospital), Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Lu zhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University (Shanghai Changhai Hospital), Shanghai, China
- * Correspondence: Jie Chen, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University (Shanghai Changhai Hospital), Shanghai 200082, China (e-mail: )
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Diseases, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Lu zhou, Sichuan, China
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Phytochemical Profiling, Isolation, and Pharmacological Applications of Bioactive Compounds from Insects of the Family Blattidae Together with Related Drug Development. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248882. [PMID: 36558015 PMCID: PMC9782659 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), insects from the family Blattidae have a long history of application, and their related active compounds have excellent pharmacological properties, making them a prominent concern with significant potential for medicinal and healthcare purposes. However, the medicinal potential of the family Blattidae has not been fully exploited, and many problems must be resolved urgently. Therefore, a comprehensive review of its chemical composition, pharmacological activities, current research status, and existing problems is necessary. In order to make the review clearer and more systematic, all the contents were independently elaborated and summarized in a certain sequence. Each part started with introducing the current situation or a framework and then was illustrated with concrete examples. Several pertinent conclusions and outlooks were provided after discussing relevant key issues that emerged in each section. This review focuses on analyzing the current studies and utilization of medicinal insects in the family Blattidae, which is expected to provide meaningful and valuable relevant information for researchers, thereby promoting further exploration and development of lead compounds or bioactive fractions for new drugs from the insects.
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Li M, Li H, Liu H, Lai X, Xing W. Efficacy of Chinese Medicine Injection for Cardiotoxic Injury of Anthracycline Chemotherapy Drugs: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:5800575. [PMID: 35399632 PMCID: PMC8991398 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5800575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Chinese medicine injections (CMIs) are widely used in the prevention and treatment of cardiotoxicity caused by anthracycline chemotherapeutic drugs. However, it is uncertain that CMIs are more effective in combating the cardiotoxicity of anthracyclines. The aim of this Network Meta-analysis (NMA) was to compare the treatment effects of various CMIs in order to determine the best CMI for the prevention and treatment of cardiac damage from anthracyclines. Methods The Chinese Journal Full Text Database (CNKI), Wanfang Database, Chinese Science and Technology Journal Full Text Database (VIP), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched to screen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of CMIs against cardiotoxicity of anthracycline-based chemotherapeutic drugs. The search time frame was all from the establishment of the database to October 1, 2021. After independent screening of the literature, extraction of information and evaluation of the risk of bias of the included studies by two evaluators, mesh meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3, Stata 15.1, and ADDIS 1.16.8 software. Results A total of 33 studies including 2783 patients, including 1410 cases in the experimental group and 1373 cases in the control group were included, and six CMIs were extracted, namely, Shenfu injection, Shenmai injection, Shenqi Fuzheng injection, Shengmai injection, Xinmailong injection, and Haungqi injection. The results of the reticulated meta-analysis showed that in terms of ST-T segment (ECG change) change rate, Haungqi injection, Shenfu injection, and Xinmailong injection were superior. In terms of lowering CK-MB, Huangqi Injection and Shenqi Fuzheng injection were superior. In terms of improving Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), Shenfu injection, Huangqi Injection, and Shengmai injection were more effective than other injections. In terms of improving LVEDD, Shengmai injection, Huangqi Injection, and Xinmailong injection have advantages. Conclusion The six CMIs included in this study are effective against cardiotoxicity caused by anthracycline-based chemotherapeutic agents. Huangqi Injection and Shenfu injection are both superior in improving various outcome indicators. There is still a need for larger, high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the various CMIs in a more refined way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongdian Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxu Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Lai
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Xing
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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10
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Lin S, Shi Q, Ge Z, Liu Y, Cao Y, Yang Y, Zhao Z, Bi Y, Hou Y, Wang S, Wang X, Mao J. Efficacy and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections for Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:659707. [PMID: 34916929 PMCID: PMC8669995 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.659707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Heart failure as an important issue in global public health, has brought a heavy economic burden. Traditional Chinese medicine injections (TCMIs) have significant effects on heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, it is difficult for clinicians to identify the differences in clinical efficacy and safety of various TCMIs. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of various TCMIs for treating HFrEF by conducting a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) and to further provide references for clinical decision-making. Methods: The clinical randomized controlled trials of TCMIs for treating HFrEF were searched in seven database from inception to August 3rd, 2021. The Cochrane collaboration's tool was used to assess the risk of bias. NMA was performed in a Bayesian hierarchical framework. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA), the multi-dimensional efficacy analysis, the comparison-adjusted funnel plot, and the node-splitting analysis were conducted using R software. Results: A total of 107 eligible RCTs involving 9,073 HFrEF patients and 6 TCMIs were included. TCMIs include Huangqi injection (HQ) also called Astragalus injection, Shenfu injection (SF), Shengmai injection (SGM), Shenmai injection (SM), Xinmailong injection (XML), and Yiqifumai lyophilized injection (YQFM). The results of NMA and SUCRA showed that with conventional treatment (CT) as a common control, in terms of clinical efficacy, CT + XML was most effective in New York Heart Association cardiac functional classification efficiency, brain natriuretic peptide, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; the CT + SM was most effective in 6-min walking test, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic diameter and cardiac output; the CT + YQFM was most effective in left ventricular ejection fraction; the CT + HQ was most effective in stroke volume; the CT + SF was most effective in Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. In terms of safety, there was no significant difference between CT + TCMIs and CT. Conclusion: This Bayesian network meta-analysis results show that the combination of qualified TCMIs and CT is more effective for HFrEF patients than CT alone, and CT + XML and CT + SM may be one of the potential optimal treatments. Also, the safety of these TCMIs needs to be further observed. However, due to some limitations, the conclusions need to be verified by more large-sample, double-blind, multi-center RCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Lin
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingyang Shi
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhao Ge
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yangxi Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yawen Cao
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingfei Bi
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yazhu Hou
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianliang Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyuan Mao
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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11
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Potential value and chemical characterization of gut microbiota derived nitrogen containing metabolites in feces from Periplaneta americana (L.) at different growth stages. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21191. [PMID: 34707100 PMCID: PMC8551289 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.), is able to highly survive in various complicated environments around the globe, and often considered as a pest. In contrast, billions of P. americana have been massively reared in China and extensively used as a medicinal insect, due to its function for preventing and treating ulceration and heart failure. Considering the possibility that microbiota-derived metabolites could be an effective source to identify promising candidate drugs, we attempted to establish a rapid method for simultaneous determination of gut microbiota metabolites from medicinal insects. In this study, network pharmacology approach and ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) technique were employed to reveal the potential pharmacological activity and dynamics variation of nitrogen-containing metabolites (NCMs) originated from the gut microbiota of breeding P. americana at different growth stages. A metabolites-targets-diseases network showed that NCMs are likely to treat diseases such as ulceration and cancer. The analysis of NCMs' content with the growth pattern of P. americana indicated that the content of NCMs declined with P. americana aging. Both principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis suggested that 8-hydroxy-2-quinolinecarboxylic acid and 8-hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone are the potential differential metabolic markers for discriminating between nymphs and adults of P. americana. Moreover, the developed UPLC method showed an excellent linearity (R2 > 0.999), repeatability (RSD < 2.6%), intra- and inter-day precisions (RSD < 2.2%), and recovery (95.5%–99.0%). Collectively, the study provides a valuable strategy for analyzing gut microbiota metabolites from insects and demonstrates the prospects for discovering novel drug candidates from the feces of P. americana.
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12
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Hou G, Jiang Y, Zheng Y, Zhao M, Chen Y, Ren Y, Wang C, Li W. Mechanism of Radix Astragali and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Ameliorates Hypertensive Renal Damage. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5598351. [PMID: 33969119 PMCID: PMC8084651 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5598351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Hypertensive-induced renal damage (HRD) is an important public health and socioeconomic problem worldwide. The herb pair Radix Astragali- (RA-) Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (RS) is a common prescribed herbal formula for the treatment of HRD. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. The purpose of our study is to explore the mechanism of combination of Radix Astragali (RA) and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (RS) ameliorating HRD by regulation of the renal sympathetic nerve. Thirty 24-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) as the experimental group were randomly divided into the RA group, the RS group, the RA+RS group, the valsartan group, and the SHR group and six age-matched Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) as the control group. After 4 weeks of corresponding drug administration, venipuncture was done to collect blood and prepare serum for analysis. A color Doppler ultrasound diagnostic instrument was used to observe renal hemodynamics. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), angiotensin II (Ang II), and B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). Simultaneously, the kidneys were removed immediately and observed under a transmission electron microscope to observe the ultrastructural changes. And the concentration of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1), and nitric oxide (NO) was detected by immunohistochemistry. Our results showed that renal ultrasonography of rats showed no significant difference in renal size among groups. The RA+RS group had obviously decreased vascular resistance index. The levels of NE, E, BNP, Ang II, AT1, and TGF-β1 were decreased (P < 0.05), and the density of NO was increased. Pathological damage of the kidney was alleviated. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested sympathetic overexpression in the pathogenesis of HRD. The combination of RA and RS may inhibit the hyperexcitability of sympathetic nerves and maintain the normal physiological structure and function of kidney tissue and has a protective effect on the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjian Hou
- Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Yuehua Jiang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Yuekun Zheng
- Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Rizhao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Rizhao 276826, China
| | - Yuanzhen Chen
- Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Yonghao Ren
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Congan Wang
- Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
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13
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Xinmailong Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Lysosomal Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in H9c2 Cells via HO-1. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5896931. [PMID: 33854694 PMCID: PMC8019640 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5896931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The clinical use of doxorubicin (DOX) is limited by its cardiotoxicity, which is closely associated with oxidative stress. Xinmailong (XML) is a bioactive peptide extracted from American cockroaches, which has been mainly applied to treat chronic heart failure in China. Our previous study showed that XML attenuates DOX-induced oxidative stress. However, the mechanism of XML in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity remains unclear. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an enzyme that is ubiquitously expressed in all cell types, has been found to take antioxidant effects in many cardiovascular diseases, and its expression is protectively upregulated under DOX treatment. Lysosome and autophagy are closely involved in oxidative stress as well. It is still unknown whether XML could attenuate doxorubicin-induced lysosomal dysfunction and oxidative stress in H9c2 cells via HO-1. Thus, this study was aimed at investigating the involvement of HO-1-mediated lysosomal function and autophagy flux in DOX-induced oxidative stress and cardiotoxicity in H9c2 cells. Our results showed that XML treatment markedly increased cell proliferation and SOD activity, improved lysosomal function, and ameliorated autophagy flux block in DOX-treated H9c2 cells. Furthermore, XML significantly increased HO-1 expression following DOX treatment. Importantly, HO-1-specific inhibitor (Znpp) or HO-1 siRNA could significantly attenuate the protective effects of XML against DOX-induced cell injury, oxidative stress, lysosomal dysfunction, and autophagy flux block. These results suggest that XML protects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity through HO-1-mediated recovery of lysosomal function and autophagy flux and decreases oxidative stress, providing a novel mechanism responsible for the protection of XML against DOX-induced cardiomyopathy.
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14
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Zhang W, Li K, Ding Y, Ren J, Wang H, Si Q. Protective Effect of Xinmailong Injection on Rats With Myocardial Infarction. Front Physiol 2021; 11:595760. [PMID: 33584329 PMCID: PMC7873907 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.595760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Xinmailong injection on rats with myocardial infarction. Thirty-six rats were induced myocardial infarction by operation, and six underwent sham operation. The myocardial infarction rats were randomly divided into three groups, 12 in each, and administered intraperitoneal injection of Xinmailong 5 mg/(kg·d), sodium creatine phosphate 80 mg/(kg·d), or normal saline as control respectively for 14 days. When the treatments were completed, the hemodynamic parameters of the rats were observed, and blood samples were taken to examine blood routine, blood coagulation index, liver and kidney function, inflammatory index, myocardial marker, thrombo-elastography, and other indicators. The morphology of cardiomyocytes was observed through light microscopy, and the microstructure of the myocardial cells was observed under electron microscope. No significant difference was found in blood routine, liver and kidney function, and blood coagulation index between the Xinmailong and sodium creatine phosphate groups compared with the saline control group. However, the inflammatory index and levels of myocardial markers were significantly decreased, and cardiac function was significantly improved. In terms of the morphology of myocardial cells, the Xinmailong group was similar to the sodium creatine phosphate group, the myocardial cell membrane was protected, and myocardial cell damage was reduced. In conclusion, Xinmailong is safe and had anti-inflammatory, heart-improving, and myocardial-protective effects. Its effectiveness is not inferior to that of sodium creatine phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Geriatric Cardiology Department of the Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kailiang Li
- Geriatric Cardiology Department of the Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Geriatric Cardiology Department of the Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiefeng Ren
- Geriatric Cardiology Department of the Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haijun Wang
- Geriatric Cardiology Department of the Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quanjin Si
- Geriatric Cardiology Department of the Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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15
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Xinmailong Injection for Improvement of Cardiac Function in Patients with Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/6131525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background. Insect drugs have great potential for treating cardiovascular diseases. Xinmailong (XML) injection, a bioactive composite extracted from Periplaneta americana (a species of cockroach), was wildly used in treating heart failure in China. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of XML injection for the improvement of cardiac function in HF. Materials and Methods. Online literature search for relevant studies was performed using databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), six-minute walk test (6MWT), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were selected as target outcomes. The analysis was performed using Stata 12.0, and sources of heterogeneity were explored by subgroup analysis and metaregression. Results. 32 studies were included in this meta-analysis after meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The results demonstrated that additional use of XML improved LVEF (WMD = 5.82, 95% CI: 5.52–7.13,
) and 6MWT (WMD = 51.48, 95% CI: 35.83–67.13,
) and reduced BNP (WMD = −172.84, 95% CI: −205.79 to −139.89,
). The results of subgroup analyses and metaregression suggested that XML injection has more cardiac function improvement for middle-aged HF patients than youth, and greater LVEF and 6MWT improvement were associated with higher average age. Conclusions. XML plus conventional treatment demonstrated a significant effect in reducing cardiac dysfunction in HF patients, and age is a potential factor of higher efficacy. Given the heterogeneity and bias of the included RCTs, large, prospective, rigorous trials are still needed.
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16
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Yu H, Li C, Wang X, Duan J, Yang N, Xie L, Yuan Y, Li S, Bi C, Yang B, Li Y. Techniques and Strategies for Potential Protein Target Discovery and Active Pharmaceutical Molecule Screening in a Pandemic. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:4242-4258. [PMID: 32957788 PMCID: PMC7640955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Viruses remain a major challenge in the fierce fight against diseases. There have been many pandemics caused by various viruses throughout the world over the years. Recently, the global outbreak of COVID-19 has had a catastrophic impact on human health and the world economy. Antiviral drug treatment has become another essential means to overcome pandemics in addition to vaccine development. How to quickly find effective drugs that can control the development of a pandemic is a hot issue that still needs to be resolved in medical research today. To accelerate the development of drugs, it is necessary to target the key target proteins in the development of the pandemic, screen active molecules, and develop reliable methods for the identification and characterization of target proteins based on the active ingredients of drugs. This article discusses key target proteins and their biological mechanisms in the progression of COVID-19 and other major epidemics. We propose a model based on these foundations, which includes identifying potential core targets, screening potential active molecules of core targets, and verifying active molecules. This article summarizes the related innovative technologies and methods. We hope to provide a reference for the screening of drugs related to pandemics and the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jingyi Duan
- Tianjin University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, No. 10, Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Na Yang
- Tianjin University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, No. 10, Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Lijuan Xie
- Tianjin University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, No. 10, Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- Tianjin University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, No. 10, Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shanze Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, No. 10, Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Chenghao Bi
- Tianjin University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, No. 10, Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Tianjin University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, No. 10, Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yubo Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, No. 10, Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
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17
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The Effect of Xinmailong Infusion on Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction: a Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial. Shock 2020; 55:33-40. [PMID: 32604224 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) contributes significantly to cardiovascular dysfunction during septic shock. We aimed to evaluate the potential role of Xinmailong injection (XMLI), a polypeptide medicine extracted from Periplaneta americana, in reversing the progression of myocardial damage to SIMD in sepsis patients. This was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial. We recruited all patients consecutively admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) who were aged 18 to 85 years old and met the sepsis 3.0 criteria. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction while in the ICU. Of the 192 patients, 96 were assigned to the treatment group, and 96 to the control group. Subsequently, 41 patients [41/96 (42.7%)] in the XMLI group and 61 patients in the placebo group [61/96 (63.5%)] were confirmed to have diastolic dysfunction on the fifth day (D5). The incidence of diastolic SIMD was significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.004). There were 36 deaths in the two groups during the 28-day follow-up, with a general mortality rate of 18.8% (36/192). The 28-day mortality rates were not significantly different between the groups (P = 0.45). However, the brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) plasma concentration trends on D0, D2, and D5 significantly differed between the two groups (P = 0.049). In septic patients, XMLI decreased the occurrence rate of diastolic SIMD more effectively than the placebo. The improvement in serum BNP concentration was also greater in the XMLI group. XMLI may, therefore, effectively and safely improve cardiac function in patients with sepsis.
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18
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Exploring Molecular Mechanism of Huangqi in Treating Heart Failure Using Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:6473745. [PMID: 32382301 PMCID: PMC7195658 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6473745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF), a clinical syndrome with a high incidence due to various reasons, is the advanced stage of most cardiovascular diseases. Huangqi is an effective treatment for cardiovascular disease, which has multitarget, multipathway functions. Therefore, we used network pharmacology to explore the molecular mechanism of Huangqi in treating HF. In this study, 21 compounds of Huangqi, which involved 407 targets, were obtained and reconfirmed using TCMSP and PubChem databases. Moreover, we used Cytoscape 3.7.1 to construct compound-target network and screened the top 10 compounds. 378 targets related to HF were obtained from CTD and GeneCards databases and HF-target network was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1. The 46 overlapping targets of HF and Huangqi were gotten by Draw Venn Diagram. STRING database was used to set up a protein-protein interaction network, and MCODE module and the top 5 targets with the highest degree for overlapping targets were obtained. GO analysis performed by Metascape indicated that the overlapping targets were mainly enriched in blood vessel development, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, response to wounding, blood circulation, and so on. KEGG analysis analyzed by ClueGO revealed that overlapping targets were mainly enriched in AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, IL-17 signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, c-type lectin receptor signaling pathway, relaxin signaling pathway, and so on. Finally, molecular docking showed that top 10 compounds of Huangqi also had good binding activities to important targets compared with digoxin, which was carried out in CB-Dock molecular docking server. In conclusion, Huangqi has potential effect on regulating overlapping targets and GE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, IL-17 signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and so on to be a latent multitarget, multipathway treatment for HF.
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19
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Huang XF, Cheng WB, Jiang Y, Liu Q, Liu XH, Xu WF, Huang HT. A network pharmacology-based strategy for predicting anti-inflammatory targets of ephedra in treating asthma. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 83:106423. [PMID: 32279042 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Asthma, the most common chronic respiratory disease in the world, is involved in a sustained inflammatory response caused by a variety of immune cells. Ephedra with multi-target, multi-pathway functions is an effective treatment for asthma. However, the ingredients and anti-inflammatory targets of ephedra in treating asthma are unclear. Therefore, there is a need for further research. Ephedra-related and anti-inflammatory targets were found and then combined to get intersection, which represented potential anti-inflammatory targets of ephedra. Moreover, compound-anti-inflammatory target and asthma-target protein-protein interaction network were merged to get the protein-protein interaction network intersection and core genes in asthma-target protein-protein interaction network. For the anti-inflammatory targets of ephedra in treating asthma, Gene Ontology and pathway analysis were executed to confirm gene functions of ephedra in antagonizing inflammation of asthma. Finally, molecular docking, qRT-PCR, WB and ELISA were performed to assess the binding activities between the compounds and anti-inflammatory targets of ephedra in treating asthma. Critical compounds and anti-inflammatory targets of ephedra in treating asthma were identified, including quercetin, luteolin, kempferol, naringenin, beta-sitosterol, SELE, IL-2 and CXCL10. The biological processes of anti-inflammatory targets of ephedra in treating asthma were involved in immune response, inflammatory response, cell-cell signaling and response to lipopolysaccharide. Moreover, 22 pathways were obtained and we proved that critical compounds inhabited the expression of SELE, IL-2 and CXCL10 at mRNA and protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Fang Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Wen-Bin Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Wei-Fang Xu
- Shenzhen shi Futian Qu Chinese Hospital, China.
| | - Hui-Ting Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
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20
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Wang H, Ye Y, Wan W, Wang L, Li R, Li L, Yang L, Yang L, Gu Y, Dong L, Meng Z. Xinmailong Modulates Platelet Function and Inhibits Thrombus Formation via the Platelet αIIbβ3-Mediated Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:923. [PMID: 31507419 PMCID: PMC6716460 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Xinmailong (XML), a bioactive composite extracted from Periplaneta americana, has been widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases such as congestive heart failure. However, it is unclear whether XML has antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects. Methods: The effects of XML on agonist-induced platelet aggregation, adhesion and spreading, granule secretion, integrin α II bβ3 activation, and thrombus formation were evaluated. Phosphorylation of Syk, PLCγ2, Akt, GSK3β, and MAPK signaling molecules was also studied on agonist-induced platelets. In addition, the antithrombotic effects of XML were observed in vivo using an acute pulmonary thrombosis mouse model. Results: XML dose-dependently inhibited in vitro platelet aggregation and granule secretion induced by thrombin, collagen, and arachidonic acid (AA). XML also greatly reduced platelet adhesion and spreading on both collagen- and fibrinogen-coated surfaces. Biochemical analysis revealed that XML inhibited thrombin-, collagen-, and AA-induced phosphorylation of Syk, PLCγ2, Akt, GSK3β, and MAPK. Additionally, XML significantly inhibited in vivo thrombus formation in a collagen–epinephrine-induced acute pulmonary thrombosis mouse model. Conclusions and General Significance: Here, we provide the first report showing that XML inhibits platelet function and that it possesses antithrombotic activity. This suggests that XML could be a potential therapeutic candidate to prevent or treat platelet-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yujia Ye
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wen Wan
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Luqiao Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ruijie Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Longjun Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lihong Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lai Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yajuan Gu
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ling Dong
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaohui Meng
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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21
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Lin SS, Liu CX, Wang XL, Mao JY. Intervention Mechanisms of Xinmailong Injection, a Periplaneta Americana Extract, on Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review of Basic Researches. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:8512405. [PMID: 32454845 PMCID: PMC7219279 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8512405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease in the world are facing severe challenges. Xinmailong injection, which is derived from the animal medicine Periplaneta Americana, has certain advantages in the clinical treatment of cardiovascular disease. This study systematically evaluated the basic research reports of Xinmailong Injection on cardiovascular disease and made its pharmacological mechanisms more clear. METHODS Basic research reports on the intervention mechanisms of Xinmailong Injection on cardiovascular disease in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library (No. 2, 2019), CNKI, Wan Fang, and VIP databases were searched. The search time limit was from the establishment of the database to February 2019. The literature was screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then the data were extracted and a descriptive analysis of the pharmacological mechanisms of Xinmailong Injection on cardiovascular disease was performed. RESULTS Finally, twenty-two basic research reports were included. The intervention mechanisms of Xinmailong Injection on cardiovascular disease mainly includes the following: inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction; regulating autophagy; promoting Ca2+ influx by activating excitability of excitation-contraction coupling (ECC); inhibiting overexpressions of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) to regulate the dynamic balance of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs); inhibiting the phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), protein kinase B (AKT), and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) proteins and overexpression of the downstream transcription factor GATA4 in the nucleus; regulating vascular endothelial factors and so on. CONCLUSIONS Xinmailong Injection can protect cardiomyocytes and maintain the normal function of the heart in various ways, thus effectively preventing the development of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, Xinmailong Injection has great potential for clinical application, and more basic researches need to be carried out to explore the medicinal value of Xinmailong Injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Lin
- Cardiovascular Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Chun-Xiang Liu
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xian-Liang Wang
- Cardiovascular Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Mao
- Cardiovascular Department, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China
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22
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Mao S, Vincent M, Chen M, Zhang M, Hinek A. Exploration of Multiple Signaling Pathways Through Which Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate Attenuates Pathologic Remodeling Experimental Infarction. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:779. [PMID: 31354493 PMCID: PMC6639725 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The level of maladaptive myocardial remodeling consistently contributes to the poor prognosis of patients following a myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, we investigated whether and how sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) would attenuate the post-infarct cardiac remodeling in mice model of MI developing after surgical ligation of the left coronary artery. All mice subjected to experimental MI or to the sham procedure were then treated for the following 4 weeks, either with STS or with a vehicle alone. Results of our studies indicated that STS treatment of MI mice prevented the left ventricular dilatation and improved their cardiac function. Results of further tests, aimed at mechanistic explanation of the beneficial effects of STS, indicated that treatment with this compound enhanced the autophagy and, at the same time, inhibited apoptosis of the cardiomyocytes. Meaningfully, we have also established that myocardium of STS-treated mice displayed significantly higher levels of adenosine monophosphate kinase than their untreated counterparts and that this effect additionally associated with the significantly diminished activities of apoptotic promoters: mammalian target of rapamycin and P70S6 kinase. Moreover, we also found that additional administration of the adenosine monophosphate kinase inhibitor (compound C) or autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine) practically eliminated the observed beneficial effects of STS. In conclusion, we suggest that the described multistage mechanism triggered by STS treatment enhanced autophagy, thereby attenuating pathologic remodeling of the post-infarct hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Mao
- Key Discipline of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Matthew Vincent
- Medical School, St. George’s, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maosheng Chen
- Key Discipline of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minzhou Zhang
- Key Discipline of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aleksander Hinek
- Physiology & Experimental Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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23
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Cai Y, Zhang Q, Huang C, Lu K, Chen B, Liu C. Yixinshu capsule combined with conventional treatment for chronic heart failure: Protocol for a systematic review and trial sequential analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14960. [PMID: 31083149 PMCID: PMC6531180 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yixinshu Capsule is widely utilized in Asia for the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF) as a conventional drug, but a comprehensive conclusion is lacking. Here, we will provide a protocol to perform a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis to evaluate the efficacy of Yixinshu Capsule combined with conventional treatment for chronic heart failure. METHODS We will conduct a thorough search in six databases, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science Journal Database (VIP), and Chinese Biomedical and Medical Database (CBM). Inclusion criteria will be randomized control trials (RCTs) with one group receiving Yixinshu Capsule based on conventional treatment and another group receiving conventional treatment alone. Modified Jadad scale and Cochrane's risk of bias assessment will be used to assess methodological quality. Only studies with modified Jadad scale score ≥3 will be included in meta-analysis for efficacy, which will be defined as moderate methodological quality. The total effective rate will be considered as the primary outcome and the secondary outcome will include mortality, rehospitalized rate, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), 6-minute walking distance, E/A, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), BNP, and NT-proBNP. We will conduct trial sequential analysis to evaluate the reliability of the primary outcome. RESULTS This study will provide a rational synthesis of current evidences for Yixinshu Capsule on chronic heart failure. CONCLUSION The conclusion of this study will provide evidence for judging the efficacy of Yixinshu Capsule on chronic heart failure. REGISTRATION PROS-PERO CRD42019119612.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhe Cai
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou
| | | | - Cihui Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Ke Lu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Baishu Chen
- Shenzhen Baoan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cuiling Liu
- Shenzhen Baoan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, Shenzhen, China
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24
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Xiao HL, Zhao LX, Yang J, Tong N, An L, Liu QT, Xie MR, Li CS. Imbalance of angiotensin-converting enzymes affects myocardial apoptosis during cardiac arrest induced by acute pulmonary embolism in a porcine model. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:1575-1584. [PMID: 30816437 PMCID: PMC6414161 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) with cardiac arrest (CA) is associated with a high mortality rate. Even upon return of the spontaneous circulation (ROSC), APE‑CA survivors are prone to myocardial cell apoptosis, a key cellular mechanism that induces heart failure. A recent study by our group discovered a post‑resuscitation imbalance in the serum angiotensin‑converting enzyme (ACE)2/ACE axis of the renin‑angiotensin system (RAS), as well as regressive cardiac function in a porcine model of APE‑CA. However, it has remained elusive how this imbalance in the ACE2/ACE axis affects myocardial cell apoptosis. In the present study, western blot and immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that the RAS was only activated in the left myocardium, as evidenced by a decreased ACE2/ACE ratio following APE‑CA and ROSC, but not the right myocardium. Ultrastructural analysis confirmed myocardial apoptosis in the left and right myocardium. Furthermore, B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2)‑associated X protein (Bax) and caspase‑3 levels were elevated and Bcl‑2 levels were decreased in the left myocardium following APE‑CA and ROSC. Treatment with the ACE inhibitor captopril for 30 min after initiation of ROSC prevented the increase in Bax and the decrease in Bcl‑2 in the left myocardium compared with that in saline‑treated pigs. Captopril also inhibited the activation of extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 in the left myocardium. The results of the present study suggest that an imbalance in the ACE2/ACE axis has an important role in myocardial apoptosis following APE‑CA, which may be attributed to decreased ERK1/2 activation. In addition, it was indicated that captopril prevents apoptosis in the left myocardium after ROSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Xiao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050
| | | | - Jun Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine
| | - Nan Tong
- Department of Emergency Medicine
| | - Le An
- Department of Emergency Medicine
| | - Qi-Tong Liu
- Departments of Radiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Miao-Rong Xie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050
- Correspondence to: Professor Chun-Sheng Li or Professor Miao-Rong Xie, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yongan Road, Xicheng, Beijing 100050, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Chun-Sheng Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050
- Correspondence to: Professor Chun-Sheng Li or Professor Miao-Rong Xie, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yongan Road, Xicheng, Beijing 100050, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
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25
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Mao S, Wang L, Chen P, Lan Y, Guo R, Zhang M. Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of Tanshinone IIA reduces adverse cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarctions in a mice model: role of NF-κB pathway. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:S707-S716. [PMID: 30284484 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1508028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Our previous works have shown that tanshinone IIA inhibited maladaptive extracellular matrix remodeling in cardiac fibroblasts implicating its potential role in treating of pathologic cardiac remodeling. However, the intrinsically poor solubility and bioavailability of tanshinone IIA hindered its clinical application. Here we develop monomethoxy-poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (lactic acid)-D-α-Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (mPEG-PLA-TPGS) nanoparticle incorporating tanshinone IIA (tanshinone IIA-NPs) and study its efficacy in post-infarction left ventricular (LV) remodeling. Male C57BL/6 mice underwent left coronary artery ligation followed by subsequent intravenously injected tanshinone IIA-NPs therapy for 5 consecutive days. Treatment with tanshinone IIA-NP improved cardiac function, limited infarct expansion, and prevented left ventricle dilation at 4 weeks post-MI. Furthermore, cardiomyocytes inflammation, apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis were significantly attenuated in tanshinone IIA-NP treated mice. These effects also correlated with inhibition of IκB protein phosphorylation and NF-κB activation, leading to suppression of proinflammatory cytokine expression. Together, these results demonstrate tanshinone IIA-NP attenuated adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction mediated through prevention of IκB phosphorylation and NF-κB activation. Tanshinone IIA-NP is a novel approach to treat myocardial IR injury in patients with MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Mao
- a Key Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine , Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , China.,b AMI Key laboratory of Chinese Medicine in Guangzhou , Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , China
| | - Lei Wang
- b AMI Key laboratory of Chinese Medicine in Guangzhou , Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , China
| | - Peipei Chen
- a Key Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine , Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , China.,b AMI Key laboratory of Chinese Medicine in Guangzhou , Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yong Lan
- c Beogene Biotech (Guangzhou) CO., LTD , Guangzhou , China
| | - Rui Guo
- d Department of Biomedical Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Minzhou Zhang
- a Key Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine , Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , China.,b AMI Key laboratory of Chinese Medicine in Guangzhou , Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , China
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26
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Wei J, Guo F, Zhang M, Xian M, Wang T, Gao J, Wu H, Song L, Zhang Y, Li D, Yang H, Huang L. Signature‐oriented investigation of the efficacy of multicomponent drugs against heart failure. FASEB J 2018; 33:2187-2198. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800673rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junying Wei
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Feifei Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Minyu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Collateral Disease Theory ResearchSchool of Traditional Chinese MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Minghua Xian
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Tingting Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jinhuan Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of ProteomicsBeijing Proteome Research CenterBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Defeng Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di HerbsNational Resource Center for Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
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27
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Sun S, Kee HJ, Jin L, Ryu Y, Choi SY, Kim GR, Jeong MH. Gentisic acid attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice through inhibition of the ERK1/2 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:5964-5977. [PMID: 30256522 PMCID: PMC6237595 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that gentisic acid (2,5‐dihydroxybenzoic acid) is the third most abundant phenolic component of Dendropanax morbifera branch extracts. Here, we investigated its effects on cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in a mouse model of pressure overload and compared them to those of the beta blocker bisoprolol and calcium channel blocker diltiazem. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced in mice by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Beginning 2 weeks after this procedure, the mice were given daily intraperitoneal injections of gentisic acid (100 mg/kg/d), bisoprolol (5 mg/kg/d) or diltiazem (10 mg/kg/d) for 3 weeks. Cardiac hypertrophy was evaluated by the heart weight‐to‐body weight ratio, the cardiomyocyte cross‐sectional area after haematoxylin and eosin staining, and echocardiography. Markers of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis were tested by reverse transcription‐quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and Masson's trichrome staining. The suppressive effects of gentisic acid treatment on TAC‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis were comparable to those of bisoprolol administration. Cardiac hypertrophy was reversed and left ventricular septum and posterior wall thickness were restored by gentisic acid, bisoprolol and diltiazem treatment. Cardiac hypertrophic marker gene expression and atrial and brain natriuretic peptide levels were decreased by gentisic acid and bisoprolol, as were cardiac (interstitial and perivascular) fibrosis and fibrosis‐related gene expression. Cardiac hypertrophy‐associated upregulation of the transcription factors GATA4 and Sp1 and activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 were also negated by these drugs. These results suggest that gentisic acid could serve as a therapeutic agent for cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simei Sun
- Heart Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Molecular Medicine, Brain Korea 21 PLUS, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hae Jin Kee
- Heart Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Li Jin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuhee Ryu
- Heart Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sin Young Choi
- Heart Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Gwi Ran Kim
- Heart Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Heart Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
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28
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Lu X, Zhang L, Wang J, Liu H, Li H, Zhou H, Wu R, Yang Y, Wen J, Wei S, Zhou X, Zhao Y, Xiao X. Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Xinmailong Injection for the Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:810. [PMID: 30140225 PMCID: PMC6094981 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is one of the most stubborn cardiovascular disease. Xinmailong (XML), a bioactive fraction extracted from Periplaneta americana L., has been commonly used for CHF treatment in China. However, there is few comprehensive evaluation for the clinical efficacy and safety of XML for CHF. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the beneficial and adverse effects of Xinmailong Injection (XMLI) on CHF treatment with the use of meta-analysis. Methods: In accordance with the Cochrane Handbook and transparent reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocol (CRD42018087091), seven English and Chinese electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, VIP medicine information system and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), were searched to retrieve potential randomized controlled trials (RCTs) before November 2017. The eligible trials were evaluated for methodological quality. The main outcome measures were analyzed with RevMan 5.3 software. Results: 26 RCTs involving 3447 participants were subjected to meta-analysis. The total effective rate was improved by XMLI plus conventional therapy (OR 3.10, 95% CI 2.47-3.90, P < 0.00001). When compared to the conventional treatment alone, the combination of XMLI and conventional treatment increased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, MD 4.93, 95% CI 3.96-5.89, P < 0.00001) and 6-min walking distance (6-MWD, MD 46.76, 95% CI 32.51 to 61.01, P < 0.00001), and decreased left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD, MD -4.73, 95% CI-5.64 to-3.83, P < 0.00001), serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP, MD -149.59, 95% CI -211.31 to -87.88, P < 0.00001) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP, MD -322.35, 95% CI -517.87 to -126.83, P = 0.001). However, the frequency and severity of adverse effects was similar between these two different medications. Poor methodological quality and the limitations also existed in this study. Conclusions: The combinational use of XMLI on conventional treatment may exert better therapeutic effects on improving cardiac function in CHF patients, indicating that XMLI was suggested to be considered during the conventional treatment of CHF. High-quality and large scale RCTs are still required to confirm the impacts of XMLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiabo Wang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Honghong Liu
- International Center for Liver Disease Treatment, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Haotian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Houqin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongrong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxue Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianxia Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shizhang Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xuelin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
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29
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Chiang JT, Badrealam KF, Shibu MA, Cheng SF, Shen CY, Chang CF, Lin YM, Viswanadha VP, Liao SC, Huang CY. Anti-Apoptosis and Anti-Fibrosis Effects of Eriobotrya Japonica in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Hearts. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061638. [PMID: 29857545 PMCID: PMC6032044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis represent important contributing factors for development of hypertension-induced heart failure. The present study aims to investigate the potential effects of Eriobotrya japonica leaf extract (EJLE) against hypertension-induced cardiac apoptosis and fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Twelve-week-old male rats were randomly divided into four different groups; control Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, hypertensive SHR rats, SHR rats treated with a low dose (100 mg/kg body weight) of EJLE and SHR rats treated with a high dose (300 mg/kg body weight) of EJLE. Animals were acclimatized for 4 weeks and thereafter were gastric fed for 8 weeks with two doses of EJLE per week. The rats were then euthanized following cardiac functional analysis by echocardiography. The cardiac tissue sections were examined by Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase-Mediated Deoxyuridine Triphosphate (dUTP) Nick End-Labeling (TUNEL) assay, histological staining and Western blotting to assess the cardio-protective effects of EJ in SHR animals. Echocardiographic measurements provided convincing evidence to support the ability of EJ to ameliorate crucial cardiac functional characteristics. Furthermore, our results reveal that supplementation of EJLE effectively attenuated cardiac apoptosis and fibrosis and also enhanced cell survival in hypertensive SHR hearts. Thus, the present study concludes that EJLE potentially provides cardio-protective effects against hypertension-induced cardiac apoptosis and fibrosis in SHR animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Ting Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Aging Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Khan Farheen Badrealam
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Marthandam Asokan Shibu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Sue-Fei Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Taiwan Adventist Hospital, Taipei 10556, Taiwan.
- Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, New Taipei City 11260, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, Mei Ho University, 23 Pingguang Road, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Feng Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Taichung Armed Forces Taichung General Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan.
| | | | - Shih-Chieh Liao
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Biological Science, Asia University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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30
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Liu J, Zhou L, He L, Zhong Y, Zhang X, Xiao B, Liu G. Periplaneta Americana Extract May Attenuate Renal Fibrosis through Inhibiting Janus Tyrosine Kinase 2/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Pathway. Pharmacology 2018; 102:1-8. [PMID: 29669350 DOI: 10.1159/000488535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periplaneta americana is one of the ancient insect groups with the strongest vitality. Periplaneta americana extract (PAE) has been explored as an alternative remedy for many diseases. Although much progress has been made in the study about PAE, the role of the drug in renal disease is rarely reported, especially in renal fibrosis. This study was designed to evaluate the renoprotective effect of PAE treatment to renal fibrosis. METHOD An in vivo, unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model was built. Then the mice were treated with PAE (100 mg/kg body weight) once daily by oral gavage, again starting on the day of UUO and continued for 1 week. At the end of 1 week, the mice were sacrificed; kidney samples were collected for further analysis. In vitro, Boston University mouse proximal tubular cells were plated in 35-mm dishes at a density of 0.3 * 106 cells/dish. Then the cells were treated with 5-ng/mL TGF-β1 in serum-free DMEM medium for an indicated length of time. The experimental groups were pretreated with the indicated concentrations of PAE (0.3125 mg/mL). The cells were further cultured for 24 h, and then cells were monitored morphologically or collected for biochemical analyses. RESULTS Both in vivo and vitro PAE inhibits the expression of FN and alpha-smooth muscle actin and suppresses renal fibrosis. Importantly, PAE protects against renal fibrosis by inhibiting Janus tyrosine kinase 2 (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT) tyrosine phosphorylation. CONCLUSION PAE attenuates renal fibrosis through the suppression of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Hospital Affliated to Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Liyu He
- Nephrology Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Lab of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification in Hunan, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Hospital Affliated to Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaobai Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Hospital Affliated to Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Bofei Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Hospital Affliated to Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Guoyong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Changde Vocational Technical College, Changde, China
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Insights of Chinese medicine on ventricular remodeling: Multiple-targets, individualized-treatment. Chin J Integr Med 2017; 23:643-647. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-017-2415-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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