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Scholten K, Engelage E, Merten C. Basis set dependence of S[double bond, length as m-dash]O stretching frequencies and its consequences for IR and VCD spectra predictions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:27979-27986. [PMID: 33290469 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05420h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Benchmarking functionals and basis sets for the computational prediction of molecular properties is usually done on very small model systems. Larger organic molecules containing heavier second row atoms are not the typical model structures. We herein present the first survey of basis sets and functionals for the prediction of the IR and VCD spectra of chiral tosylates and sulfinates as we noted drastic deviations between computed harmonic frequencies obtained at B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,p) level of theory and those observed in experimental solution phase IR and VCD spectra. We show that the harmonic frequencies of the asymmetric and symmetric S[double bond, length as m-dash]O stretching modes of tosylates are predicted at significantly too low vibrational frequencies if the employed basis set does not provide higher order polarization functions. The results of our benchmarks show that at least the 6-311G(3df,2dp) basis (or equivalent Dunning and Ahlrichs variants) should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Scholten
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie II, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
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2
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Nguyen DT, Iqbal J, Han J, Pierens GK, Wood SA, Mellick GD, Feng Y. Chemical constituents from Macleaya cordata (Willd) R. Br. and their phenotypic functions against a Parkinson's disease patient-derived cell line. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115732. [PMID: 33065438 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cytological profiling (CP) assay against a human olfactory neuroshpere-derived (hONS) cell line using a library of traditional Chinese medicinal plant extracts gave indications that the ethanolic extract of Macleaya cordata (Willd) R. Br. elicited strong perturbations to various cellular components. Further chemical investigation of this extract resulted in the isolation of two new benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids, (6R)-10-methoxybocconoline (1) and 6-(1-hydroxyethyl)-10-methoxy-5,6-dihydrochelerythrine (2). Their planar structures were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR studies, together with MS data. The absolute configuration for position C-6 of 1 and relative configurations for position C-6 and C-1' of 2 were assigned by density functional theory (DFT) calculations of ECD and NMR data, respectively. Also isolated were fourteen known metabolites, including ten alkaloids (3-12) and four coumaroyl-containing compounds (13-16). Cytological profiling of the isolates against Parkinson's Disease (PD) patient-derived olfactory cells revealed bocconoline (3) and 6-(1-hydroxyethyl)-5,6-dihydrochelerythrine (4) significantly perturbated the features of cellular organelles including early endosomes, mitochondria and autophagosomes. Given that hONS cells from PD patients model some functional aspects of the disease, the results suggested that these phenotypic profiles may have a role in the mechanisms underlying PD and signified the efficacy of CP in finding potential chemical tools to study the biological pathways in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy Thanh Nguyen
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Jamila Iqbal
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Jianying Han
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Gregory K Pierens
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Stephen A Wood
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - George D Mellick
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Yunjiang Feng
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia.
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3
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Joyce LA, Nawrat CC, Sherer EC, Biba M, Brunskill A, Martin GE, Cohen RD, Davies IW. Beyond optical rotation: what's left is not always right in total synthesis. Chem Sci 2018; 9:415-424. [PMID: 29629112 PMCID: PMC5868320 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04249c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This work describes the application of vibrational (VCD) and electronic (ECD) circular dichroism spectroscopy to solve the longstanding debate around the absolute configuration of (+)-frondosin B (1). The absolute configuration of (+)-1 could confidently be assigned as (R) using these spectroscopic techniques. The discrepancy in the optical rotation (OR) values obtained in previous studies can be attributed to an undetected minor impurity (ca. 7%) that arose unexpectedly in a key step late in the synthesis. Additionally, the conditions used in the final step of the previous reports for demethylation to form the natural product proceeded with significant loss of enantiopurity. The large OR measured for the impurity at its observed level, when compared to the small rotation for the less enantiopure natural product 1, led to a measured OR value for the synthetic material that had the opposite sign of the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo A Joyce
- Department of Process Research & Development , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA . ;
| | - Christopher C Nawrat
- Department of Process Research & Development , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA . ;
| | - Edward C Sherer
- Department of Modeling and Informatics , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA
| | - Mirlinda Biba
- Department of Process Research & Development , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA . ;
| | - Andrew Brunskill
- Department of Process Research & Development , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA . ;
| | - Gary E Martin
- Department of Process Research & Development , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA . ;
| | - Ryan D Cohen
- Department of Process Research & Development , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA . ;
| | - Ian W Davies
- Department of Process Research & Development , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ 07065 , USA . ;
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4
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Gholami H, Zhang J, Anyika M, Borhan B. Absolute Stereochemical Determination of Asymmetric Sulfoxides via Central to Axial Induction of Chirality. Org Lett 2017; 19:1722-1725. [PMID: 28287267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The absolute configuration of chiral sulfoxides is determined by means of host-guest complexation that leads to the induction of axial chirality in an achiral host. The central to axial induction of helicity is rationalized by a simple recognition of the relative length and size of the substituents attached to the S-center. This technique is used to determine the absolute configuration of chiral sulfoxides, requiring micrograms of sample, without the need for prefunctionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Gholami
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Mercy Anyika
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Babak Borhan
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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5
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Polavarapu PL. Structural Analysis Using Chiroptical Spectroscopy: Insights and Cautions. Chirality 2016; 28:445-52. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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6
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Berardozzi R, Guido CA, Capozzi MAM, Cardellicchio C, Di Bari L, Pescitelli G. Circular Dichroism and TDDFT Investigation of Chiral Fluorinated Aryl Benzyl Sulfoxides. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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7
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Dell'Orto S, Masciocchi D, Villa S, Meneghetti F, Celentano G, Barlocco D, Colombo D, Legnani L, Toma L, Jeon YJ, Kwon BM, Asai A, Gelain A. Modeling, synthesis and NMR characterization of novel chimera compounds targeting STAT3. MEDCHEMCOMM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00177j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chimera derivatives as potential STAT3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Dell'Orto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela Masciocchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefania Villa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Fiorella Meneghetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Celentano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela Barlocco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Diego Colombo
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Legnani
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Pavia
| | - Lucio Toma
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Pavia
- 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Yoon Jung Jeon
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology and Department of Biomolecular Science
- Korea University of Science and Technology
- DaeJeon 305-333, South Korea
| | - Byoung-Mog Kwon
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology and Department of Biomolecular Science
- Korea University of Science and Technology
- DaeJeon 305-333, South Korea
| | - Akira Asai
- Center for Drug Discovery
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Shizuoka
- Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Arianna Gelain
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano, Italy
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8
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Scafato P, Caprioli F, Pisani L, Padula D, Santoro F, Mazzeo G, Abbate S, Lebon F, Longhi G. Combined use of three forms of chiroptical spectroscopies in the study of the absolute configuration and conformational properties of 3-phenylcyclopentanone, 3-phenylcyclohexanone, and 3-phenylcycloheptanone. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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9
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Masciocchi D, Gelain A, Porta F, Meneghetti F, Pedretti A, Celentano G, Barlocco D, Legnani L, Toma L, Kwon BM, Asai A, Villa S. Synthesis, structure–activity relationships and stereochemical investigations of new tricyclic pyridazinone derivatives as potential STAT3 inhibitors. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00095h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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10
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Qiu S, Li G, Lu S, Huang B, Feng Z, Li C. Chiral sulfur compounds studied by Raman optical activity: tert-butanesulfinamide and its precursor tert-butyl tert-butanethiosulfinate. Chirality 2012; 24:731-40. [PMID: 22553109 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Two chiral sulfur compounds, tert-butyl tert-butanethiosulfinate (1) and tert-butanesulfinamide (2), with inversion of configuration, have been studied by Raman optical activity (ROA) and electronic circular dichroism combined with density functional theory calculation. With the S-S linkage in 1, the couplings between the two tertiary carbon atoms often generate large ROA signals, whereas the tertiary carbon atom itself generally makes a large contribution to ROA signals in 2 for similar vibrational modes. The conformational dependence of ROA parameters provides probing conformation around the S-S bond from a new perspective. The simultaneous use of electronic circular dichroism and ROA is warranted to extract reliable conformational information. ROA provides a suitable candidate for the stereochemical study of chiral sulfur compounds, especially its capability of sensing the conformation around the S-S bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
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11
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Albendazole sulfoxide enantiomers: Preparative chiral separation and absolute stereochemistry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1230:61-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Jiang N, Tan RX, Ma J. Simulations of Solid-State Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy of (S)-Alternarlactam by Using Fragmentation Quantum Chemical Calculations. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:2801-13. [DOI: 10.1021/jp110152q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ren Xiang Tan
- Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Li XC, Ferreira D, Ding Y. Determination of Absolute Configuration of Natural Products: Theoretical Calculation of Electronic Circular Dichroism as a Tool. CURR ORG CHEM 2010; 14:1678-1697. [PMID: 24729741 PMCID: PMC3983998 DOI: 10.2174/138527210792927717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Determination of absolute configuration (AC) is one of the most challenging features in the structure elucidation of chiral natural products, especially those with complex structures. With revolutionary advancements in the area of quantum chemical calculations of chiroptical spectroscopy over the past decade, the time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculation of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra has emerged as a very promising tool. The principle is simply based on the comparison of the calculated and experimental ECD spectra: the more closely they match, the more reliable conclusion for the AC assignment can be drawn. This review attempts to use several examples representing monomeric flavonoids, rotationally restricted biflavonoids, complex hexahydroxydiphenoyl-containing flavonoids, conformationally flexible and restrained sesquiterpenoids, cembrane-africanene terpenoids, dihydropyranocoumarins, alkaloids, and dihydroxanthones to illustrate the applicability of this approach in determining the AC of structurally diverse natural products. The findings clearly indicate that the TDDFT calculation of ECD spectra can quantify the contribution of individual conformers and the interaction of multiple chromophores, making it possible to determine the AC of complex chiral molecules. The calculated electronic transitions and molecular orbitals provide new insight into the interpretation of ECD spectra at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Cong Li
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Yuanqing Ding
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
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14
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Pescitelli G, Di Pietro S, Cardellicchio C, Capozzi MAM, Di Bari L. Systematic investigation of CD spectra of aryl benzyl sulfoxides interpreted by means of TDDFT calculations. J Org Chem 2010; 75:1143-54. [PMID: 20099930 DOI: 10.1021/jo902363c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The CD spectra of 13 crystalline aryl benzyl sulfoxides 1a-m with various substituents on the two aromatic rings were recorded in solution and in the solid state. Solution CD spectra were very homogeneous along the series, consisting in most cases of a couplet-like feature in the 200-300 nm region. The red-shifted component of the couplet, corresponding to the sulfoxide-centered n-pi* transition, is always positive for (R) absolute configuration in accordance with Mislow's rule. The presence of a strong electron-withdrawing substituent on the phenyl ring (nitro or ester group) alters the shape of the CD spectrum. CD calculations using the TDDFT method were run for eight representative compounds using DFT-optimized geometries. In all cases, calculated spectra were in very good agreement with experimental ones and allowed for rationalization of the diverse spectral behaviors. It is demonstrated that TDDFT//DFT calculations represent a reliable option for assigning the absolute configuration of this class of compounds whenever crystals suitable for X-ray are not available. Solid-state CD spectra recorded with the KCl pellet technique were in some cases in agreement with those in solution. However, in other cases new and strong CD signals appeared which were interpreted as being due to intermolecular couplings in the crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Pescitelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, via Risorgimento 35, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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15
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Autschbach J, Nitsch-Velasquez L, Rudolph M. Time-dependent density functional response theory for electronic chiroptical properties of chiral molecules. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2010; 298:1-98. [PMID: 21321799 DOI: 10.1007/128_2010_72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Methodology to calculate electronic chiroptical properties from time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) is outlined. Applications of TDDFT to computations of electronic circular dichroism, optical rotation, and optical rotatory dispersion are reviewed. Emphasis is put on publications from 2005 to 2010, but much of the older literature is also cited and discussed. The determination of the absolute configuration of chiral molecules by combined measurements and computations is an important application of TDDFT chiroptical methods and discussed in some detail. Raman optical activity (ROA) spectra are obtained from normal-mode derivatives of the optical rotation tensor and other linear response tensors. A few selected (ROA) benchmarks are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo State University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
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16
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Kwit M, Rozwadowska MD, Gawroński J, Grajewska A. Density Functional Theory Calculations of the Optical Rotation and Electronic Circular Dichroism: The Absolute Configuration of the Highly Flexible trans-Isocytoxazone Revised. J Org Chem 2009; 74:8051-63. [DOI: 10.1021/jo901175s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Kwit
- Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Jacek Gawroński
- Department of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
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17
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Alonso-Gómez JL, Petrovic A, Harada N, Rivera-Fuentes P, Berova N, Diederich F. Chiral Induction from Allenes into Twisted 1,1,4,4-Tetracyanobuta-1,3-dienes (TCBDs): Conformational Assignment by Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2009; 15:8396-8400. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Calabrò ML, Raneri D, Ficarra P, Mennini T, Colleoni S, Grazioso G, Micale N, Zappalà M, Grasso S. Synthesis, chiral resolution and pharmacological evaluation of a 2,3-benzodiazepine-derived noncompetitive AMPA receptor antagonist. ChemMedChem 2009; 4:415-20. [PMID: 19137515 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200800341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The resolution of 1-(4-aminophenyl)-3,5-dihydro-3-N-ethylcarbamoyl-5-methyl-7,8-methylenedioxy-4H-2,3-benzodiazepin-4-one (R,S)-(+/-)-5 by chiral HPLC and assignment of the absolute configuration of the two enantiomers was carried out. Compound (R,S)-(+/-)-5 and its enantiomers were tested in a binding assay to evaluate their affinity for AMPA receptors. Enantiomer (S)-(-)-5 appears to be more potent than its optical antipode (R)-(+)-5. In a primary culture of rat cerebellar granule cells, which express AMPA receptors, (R,S)-(+/-)-5 and (S)-(-)-5 inhibited kainate- induced [Ca(2+)](i) increase, thus confirming the antagonism at the AMPA receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Calabrò
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico, University of Messina, Via le Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
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19
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Mazzeo G, Giorgio E, Rosini C, Fabris F, Fregonese E, Toniolo U, De Lucchi O. Synthesis, chiroptical properties, and their theoretical simulation of some highly rotating benzotricamphor derivatives. Chirality 2009; 21 Suppl 1:E86-97. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.20780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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20
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Reinscheid UM. Determination of the absolute configuration of two estrogenic nonylphenols in solution by chiroptical methods. J Mol Struct 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2008.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Tartaglia S, Padula D, Scafato P, Chiummiento L, Rosini C. A Chemical/Computational Approach to the Determination of Absolute Configuration of Flexible and Transparent Molecules: Aliphatic Diols As a Case Study. J Org Chem 2008; 73:4865-73. [DOI: 10.1021/jo800516f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Tartaglia
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Via N. Sauro, 85, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Daniele Padula
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Via N. Sauro, 85, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Patrizia Scafato
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Via N. Sauro, 85, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Lucia Chiummiento
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Via N. Sauro, 85, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Carlo Rosini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Via N. Sauro, 85, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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22
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Polavarapu PL. Why is it important to simultaneously use more than one chiroptical spectroscopic method for determining the structures of chiral molecules? Chirality 2008; 20:664-72. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.20475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Freedman TB, Cao X, Luz Z, Zimmermann H, Poupko R, Nafie LA. Isotopic difference spectra as an aide in determining absolute configuration using vibrational optical activity: Vibrational circular dichroism of13C- and2H-labelled nonamethoxy cyclotriveratrylene. Chirality 2008; 20:673-80. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.20514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Taniguchi T, Monde K, Nakanishi K, Berova N. Chiral sulfinates studied by optical rotation, ECD and VCD: the absolute configuration of a cruciferous phytoalexin brassicanal C. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:4399-405. [DOI: 10.1039/b813437e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Giorgio E, Tanaka K, Verotta L, Nakanishi K, Berova N, Rosini C. Determination of the absolute configurations of flexible molecules: synthesis and theoretical simulation of electronic circular dichroism/optical rotation of some pyrrolo[2,3-b]indoline alkaloids--a case study. Chirality 2007; 19:434-45. [PMID: 17393468 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The paper describes the synthesis and chiroptical properties of (-)-1,2,3,3a,8,8a,-hexahydro-1,3a-dimethyl-pyrrolo[2,3-b]indole, (-)-1, one of the monomeric units of many flexible polypyrroloindoline alkaloids and (-)-chimonanthine, (-)-2. The aim of this investigation is to show that, under certain circumstances, namely, with molecules for which the sign and order of magnitude of [alpha](D) are determined by the lowest-energy valence-shell transitions (referred to as class (a) molecules), a small basis set calculation of chiroptical properties provides reliable results, and that such a treatment can be employed for absolute configurational assignment of larger oligomers, for which the increased flexibility renders the analysis as formidable task. Actually, as the aforementioned two molecules belong to class (a) systems, a TDDFT/B3LYP/6-31G* calculation of the ECD and ORD spectra gives rise to a more than satisfactory simulation of these data, assuming the reported absolute configurations. In other words, the use of the TDDFT/B3LYP method with the small 6-31G* basis set enables one to treat large and flexible molecules such as (-)-2 (52 atoms and 6 conformers) by usage of a simple PC in about 2 weeks. This protocol demonstrates that an ab initio prediction of ECD/ORD spectra results in reliable assignments of absolute configuration of even relatively large natural products, thus economizing computation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egidio Giorgio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università della Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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26
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McConnell O, He Y, Nogle L, Sarkahian A. Application of chiral technology in a pharmaceutical company. Enantiomeric separation and spectroscopic studies of key asymmetric intermediates using a combination of techniques. Phenylglycidols. Chirality 2007; 19:716-30. [PMID: 17323324 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Phenylglycidols substituted in the 2-, 3-, and 4- positions with fluorine, chlorine, and trifluoromethyl, and with methoxy in the 3- position, were synthesized from the corresponding E-cinnamic acids and separated into their (R,R)- and (S,S)- enantiomers using subcritical fluid chromatography with mixtures of MeOH in CO(2), on either a Chiralpak AD or AS chiral stationary phase. These compounds and commercially-available (R,R)- and (S,S)-phenylglycidol were analyzed for their vibrational circular dichroism (VCD), electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and optical rotation (OR) properties to exemplify a strategy whereby the absolute stereochemistry of common and key chiral intermediates is established early in the structure-activity and structure-property relationship phase of a drug discovery program in a pharmaceutical company. From this study, substituents in the phenyl group of the synthesized molecules were found not to grossly alter spectroscopic features, and therefore, diagnostic absorption bands in the respective VCD spectra, and the sign and shape of the measured ECD curves could be used to determine and track the absolute stereochemistry of analogs without necessarily requiring time-consuming ab initio calculations of all low energy conformers for all compounds. VCD, OR, and ECD calculations for the determination of absolute configuration carried out at the DFT level with the hybrid B3PW91 functional and the TZVP basis set were found to be especially useful in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver McConnell
- Wyeth Research, Chemical and Screening Sciences, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA.
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27
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Polavarapu PL. Renaissance in chiroptical spectroscopic methods for molecular structure determination. CHEM REC 2007; 7:125-36. [PMID: 17394174 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.20117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Two of the chiroptical spectroscopic methods, namely optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) and electronic circular dichroism (ECD), have been around for several decades. But their use in determining the absolute configuration and predominant conformation is gaining renewed interest with the availability of quantum mechanical methods for predicting ORD and ECD. Two other methods, namely vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) and vibrational Raman optical activity (VROA), are relatively new and offer convenient approaches for deducing the structural information in chiral molecules. With the availability of quantum mechanical programs for predicting VCD and VROA, these methods have attracted numerous new researchers to this area. This review summarizes the latest developments in these four areas and provides examples where more than one method has been used to confirm the information obtained from individual methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad L Polavarapu
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA.
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28
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McConnell O, Bach A, Balibar C, Byrne N, Cai Y, Carter G, Chlenov M, Di L, Fan K, Goljer I, He Y, Herold D, Kagan M, Kerns E, Koehn F, Kraml C, Marathias V, Marquez B, McDonald L, Nogle L, Petucci C, Schlingmann G, Tawa G, Tischler M, Williamson RT, Sutherland A, Watts W, Young M, Zhang MY, Zhang Y, Zhou D, Ho D. Enantiomeric separation and determination of absolute stereochemistry of asymmetric molecules in drug discovery—Building chiral technology toolboxes. Chirality 2007; 19:658-82. [PMID: 17390370 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The application of Chiral Technology, or the (extensive) use of techniques or tools for the determination of absolute stereochemistry and the enantiomeric or chiral separation of racemic small molecule potential lead compounds, has been critical to successfully discovering and developing chiral drugs in the pharmaceutical industry. This has been due to the rapid increase over the past 10-15 years in potential drug candidates containing one or more asymmetric centers. Based on the experiences of one pharmaceutical company, a summary of the establishment of a Chiral Technology toolbox, including the implementation of known tools as well as the design, development, and implementation of new Chiral Technology tools, is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver McConnell
- Wyeth Research, Chemical and Screening Sciences, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA.
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29
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McCann DM, Stephens PJ. Determination of Absolute Configuration Using Density Functional Theory Calculations of Optical Rotation and Electronic Circular Dichroism: Chiral Alkenes. J Org Chem 2006; 71:6074-98. [PMID: 16872191 DOI: 10.1021/jo060755+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In principle, the absolute configuration (AC) of a chiral molecule can be deduced from its optical rotation (OR) and/or its electronic circular dichroism (ECD). In practice, this requires reliable methodologies for predicting OR and ECD. The recent application of ab initio time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) to the calculation of transparent spectral region OR and ECD has greatly enhanced the reliability with which these phenomena can be predicted. TDDFT calculations of OR and ECD are being increasingly utilized in determining ACs. Nevertheless, such calculations are not perfect, and as a result, ACs determined are not 100% reliable. In this paper, we examine the reliability of the TDDFT methods in the case of chiral alkenes. Sodium d line specific rotations, [alpha]D, are predicted for 26 conformationally rigid alkenes of known AC, ranging in size from 5 to 20 C atoms, and with [alpha]D values in the range of 0-500. The mean absolute deviation of predicted [alpha]D values from experimental values is 28.7. With one exception, beta-pinene, the signs of [alpha]D are correctly predicted. Errors in calculated [alpha]D values are approximately random. Our results define a "zone of indeterminacy" within which calculated [alpha]D values cannot be used to determine ACs with >95% confidence. TDDFT ECD spectra are predicted for eight of the alkenes and compared to experimental spectra. Agreement ranges from modestly good to poor, leading to the conclusion that TDDFT calculations of ECD spectra are not yet of sufficient accuracy to routinely provide highly reliable ACs. TDDFT OR calculations for two conformationally flexible alkenes, 3-tert-butylcyclohexene and trans-4-carene, are also reported. For the former, predicted rotations are incorrect in sign over the range 589-365 nm. It is possible that the AC of this molecule has been incorrectly assigned.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M McCann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, USA
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30
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Furo T, Mori T, Origane Y, Wada T, Izumi H, Inoue Y. Absolute configuration determination of donor-acceptor [2.2]paracyclophanes by comparison of theoretical and experimental vibrational circular dichroism spectra. Chirality 2006; 18:205-11. [PMID: 16432922 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra were obtained for the assignments of the absolute configurations of diastereomeric 4,7-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-12,15-dimethoxy-[2.2]paracyclophanes (1 and 2), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level for all possible conformations of both 1 and 2 to give the theoretical VCD spectra. Comparisons of the experimental and theoretical VCD spectra obtained unambiguously established the absolute configurations of the dextrorotatory (+)-enantiomers as (4S(p);12S(p))-1 and (4S(p);12R(p))-2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Furo
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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Abstract
The availability of sophisticated quantum mechanical methods for predicting molecular optical rotations has revolutionized the determination of molecular stereochemistry. However, the objectives and approaches used for the applications of optical rotation vary from one laboratory to the other. With the number of applications of optical rotation increasing at an unprecedented rate, it is considered necessary to discuss the protocols for the general use of optical rotations predicted with quantum mechanical methods. A summary of the quantum mechanical methods for predicting optical rotations and protocols for the use of predicted optical rotations are presented in this article.
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32
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Zappalà M, Postorino G, Micale N, Caccamese S, Parrinello N, Grazioso G, Roda G, Menniti FS, De Sarro G, Grasso S. Synthesis, Chiral Resolution, and Enantiopharmacology of a Potent 2,3-Benzodiazepine Derivative as Noncompetitive AMPA Receptor Antagonist. J Med Chem 2005; 49:575-81. [PMID: 16420043 DOI: 10.1021/jm050552y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis of racemic 3,5-dihydro-5-methyl-7,8-methylenedioxy-4H-2,3-benzodiazepin-4-one (+/-)-5, attempted stereoselective synthesis of its enantiomers, chiral HPLC resolution of the racemate, and assignment of the absolute configuration. Enantiomer (5S)-(-)-5 is provided with an in vivo anticonvulsant activity 8 times higher than its enantiomer (5R)-(+)-5. This result is confirmed in the in vitro test by the ability to inhibit the kainate-induced increase of the [Ca(2+)](i) in a primary culture of rat cerebellar granule cells which express alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptors. Binding affinity of compound (+/-)-5 at the AMPA and N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors was also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zappalà
- Dipartimento Farmaco-Chimico, Università di Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
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33
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Polavarapu PL. Kramers−Kronig Transformation for Optical Rotatory Dispersion Studies. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:7013-23. [PMID: 16834064 DOI: 10.1021/jp0524328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Kramers-Kronig (KK) transform method for deriving optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) from electronic circular dichroism (ECD) has been analyzed. Three different numerical integration methods for the KK transform have been evaluated, and the method proposed by Ohta and Ishida has been used for further calculations. Using this method, the quantum mechanical predictions of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) have been converted to corresponding ORD and compared with that derived from the linear response method. For three molecules exhibiting monosignate ORD in the nonresonant long wavelength region, the KK transform of ECD associated with the lowest energy electronic transition is found to give ORD values close to those obtained with the linear response method. For molecules exhibiting bisignate ORD in the nonresonant long wavelength region, the KK transform method may not provide the correct results. In the resonant region, the KK transform method provides a computationally economical alternative for predicting ORD. While the KK transform method works much like sum-over-states method for ORD, the former offers convenience in transforming the experimental ECD spectrum without the need for spectral curve fitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad L Polavarapu
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA.
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